Automatic parameter configuration method and device, chip and communication system

Abstract

The invention discloses a parameter automatic configuration method and device, a chip and a communication system, and belongs to the technical field of communication. In the automatic parameter configuration process, a first device in the communication system receives a control frame sent by a second device, the control frame comprises first LT information and first extension information, and the first device executes the function of the first LT information and the function of the first extension information. Wherein the first LT information is used for realizing a first function of link training, the first extension information comprises at least one of AN information, second LT information or LT control information, the AN information comprises parameters for automatic negotiation between the first device and the second device, the second LT information is used for realizing a second function of link training, and the first extension information comprises parameters for automatic negotiation between the first device and the second device. The LT control information is used for controlling link training. According to the method and the device, the automatic parameter configuration process has relatively high expandability, and the accuracy of the automatically configured parameters and the automatic configuration efficiency can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technologies, and particularly to a method, apparatus, chip, and communication system for automatic parameter configuration. Background Art

[0002] In the field of communication technologies, different devices included in a communication system are connected through at least one of an optical channel or a telecommunication channel. Automatic configuration of parameters is required between different devices to establish a communication link based on the automatically configured parameters.

[0003] In the related art, link training (LT) frames are exchanged between different devices through a channel. The LT information included in the LT frame is used to implement the basic functions of link training. Link training refers to training the control parameters between different devices. Thus, automatic configuration of basic control parameters can be performed between different devices.

[0004] However, this related art can only perform automatic configuration of basic control parameters, and the scalability of the automatic parameter configuration process is not strong. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method, apparatus, chip, and communication system for automatic parameter configuration to improve the problem of weak scalability of the automatic parameter configuration process. The technical solutions provided in this application include the following aspects.

[0006] In a first aspect, a method for automatic parameter configuration is provided. This method is applied to a first device included in a communication system, and the communication system further includes a second device. In this method, the first device receives a control frame sent by the second device. The control frame includes first LT information and first extended information. The first device executes the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information. Among them, the first LT information is used to implement a first function of link training. Link training refers to training the control parameters of the link between the first device and the second device. The first extended information includes at least one of auto-negotiation (AN) information, second LT information, or LT control information. The AN information includes parameters for auto-negotiation between the first device and the second device. The second LT information is used to implement a second function of link training. The LT control information is used to control link training.

[0007] The present application provides a control frame which can not only carry the first LT information but also carry the first extended information, and has strong scalability. Based on this control frame, the first device can not only execute the function of the first LT information to obtain the control parameters of the link through the first functional training of link training, but also execute the function of the first extended information, thereby realizing function extension on the basis of the function of the first LT information. The function extension can make the automatically configured parameters richer and more accurate, more flexible and comprehensive, and is applicable to complex scenarios with high requirements for parameter accuracy and automatic configuration efficiency, such as complex scenarios with a large number of devices and various device types in a communication system.

[0008] When the first extended information includes AN information, the present application can at least complete the LT process through the first LT information in the control frame to obtain control parameters, and can also complete the AN process through the AN information in the control frame to automatically negotiate (also known as self-negotiation) to obtain parameters, thereby realizing the integration of the LT process and the AN process. Moreover, there is no need to limit the order of the LT process and the AN process, and flexible and elastic combinations and nestings of the LT process and the AN process are supported, such as the LT process and the AN process alternating, inserting one or more AN processes between two LT processes, inserting one or more LT processes between two AN processes, and so on. If the LT process is executed before the AN process, the control parameters obtained through training in the LT process can be referred to during the automatic negotiation in the AN process. If the AN process is executed before the LT process, the parameters obtained through automatic negotiation in the AN process can be referred to during the training in the LT process. Thus, it is not only beneficial to improve the efficiency of the AN process and the LT process, but also ensures the accuracy of the parameters configured through the AN process and the LT process, thereby being able to improve the effectiveness and compatibility of the automatically configured parameters, and having strong applicability.

[0009] When the first extended information does not include AN information, the present application can at least complete the LT process through the first LT information in the control frame to obtain control parameters. Moreover, if the first extended information includes the second LT information, more control parameters can be obtained through the second LT information. If the first extended information includes LT control information, the link training can be controlled through the LT control information to obtain more accurate control parameters.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the control frame is an improved LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the improved LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the pseudo random binary sequence (PRBS) field of the improved LT frame. This application makes an improvement to the standard LT frame, fully utilizing the PRBS field in the standard LT frame, enabling the PRBS field to carry the first extended information and obtaining an improved LT frame. Moreover, the improved LT frame can reuse the LT state machine defined by relevant protocols, with a wide application range and low implementation cost.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a combination of an improved LT frame and the next frame of the improved LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the improved LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the improved LT frame. This application makes another improvement to the standard LT frame, enabling adjacent LT frames to form a combination and carry the first LT information and the first extended information respectively, with strong scalability. In this implementation, both the improved LT frame and the next frame of the improved LT frame can reuse the LT state machine defined by relevant protocols, with a wide application range and low implementation cost.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the improved LT frame includes a first identifier, which is used to indicate that the next frame of the improved LT frame includes the first extended information. In this implementation, through the first identifier in the improved LT frame, it is possible to determine that the first extended information is carried in the next frame of the improved LT frame, which is beneficial for quickly locating the first extended information and can accurately distinguish the improved LT frame carrying the first LT information and the next frame carrying the first extended information.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the control frame is an improved AN frame. The first extended information includes AN information, and the AN information is located in the base page of the improved AN frame, while the information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0014] This application makes an improvement to the standard AN frame, fully utilizing the next page of the standard AN frame, enabling the next page to carry the first extended information and obtaining an improved AN frame. The next page has strong scalability, supports flexible coding methods, and is beneficial for carrying appropriate first extended information according to actual requirements. Moreover, the improved AN frame can reuse the AN state machine defined by relevant protocols, with a wide application range and low implementation cost.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the base page of the improved AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the improved AN frame. Through the second identifier in the base page of the improved AN frame, it can be determined that there is a next page, so that the first extended information carried in the next page can be obtained, which is beneficial to quickly locate the first extended information.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the control frame further includes second extended information, and the second extended information is different from the first extended information. For example, the second extended information and the first extended information are located in the same field segment of the control frame, and the second extended information is located before or after the first extended information. Alternatively, the second extended information and the first extended information are located in different field segments of the control frame. The second extended information supports customization, and the second extended information can be set according to actual needs, so as to automatically configure the parameters that need to be configured according to the second extended information. Thereby, the scalability of the control frame and the scalability of the parameter automatic configuration process are further improved, which is more flexible and has a wider application range.

[0017] In a possible implementation, after the first device receives the control frame sent by the second device, the method further includes: the first device fills the control frame with the reference information of the first device to obtain an updated control frame; the first device sends the updated control frame to a third device in the communication system, and the updated control frame is used for the third device to execute the functions of the information included in the updated control frame. Thereby, after the third device receives the updated control frame, it can obtain both the information of the second device (such as the first LT information and the first extended information included in the control frame) and the reference information of the first device. The information obtained by the third device is relatively rich, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of parameter automatic configuration on the third device and the accuracy of the configured parameters. Of course, the first device may also not perform filling, but send the control frame to the third device after parsing the control frame, obtaining the information of the second device and performing parameter automatic configuration. This method has lower requirements for the capabilities of the first device because the first device is allowed not to have the filling ability or to have the filling ability but not use it. Thereby, the parsing and filling of the control frame by different devices in the communication system are independent and hierarchical, with universality and ease of use. Even if there are devices with different capabilities in the communication system, the method for parameter automatic configuration provided in this application can be implemented.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in different field segments of the updated control frame. In another possible implementation, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in the same field segment of the updated control frame, and the reference information is located after or before the first LT information and the first extended information. This application supports carrying the reference information in multiple positions in the control frame, which is relatively flexible.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the reference information of the first device includes information about the transmission channels of the first device. The transmission channel is a lane. One first device can correspond to one or more lanes. By making the reference information of the first device include information about the lanes of the first device, the information carried by the control frame is made more fine-grained, enabling automatic parameter configuration on a lane-by-lane basis, which improves accuracy and flexibility.

[0020] In a possible implementation, there are multiple segments of the first channel between the first device and the second device. The first device performs the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information, including: the first device performing the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information in parallel for the multiple segments of the first channel. Thereby, strong coupling between the processes of performing different functions is avoided, and there is no need to control the order in which the multiple segments of the first channel perform the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information, reducing the overhead. Even if some of the first channels among the multiple segments of the first channel encounter errors during the process of performing functions, it is possible to avoid affecting other first channels, making the automatic parameter configuration process highly free in both space and time and very flexible.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the first device includes at least one of a linear-drive pluggable optics (LPO) optical module, a half retimed module, a co-package optics (CPO) module, a near-package optics (NPO) module, an active electrical cables (AEC) module, an active copper cables (ACC) module, or a direct attach cables (DAC) module. The first device can be an active device or a passive device configured according to actual needs, with strong applicability.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a micro controller unit (MCU) configured with a digital / analog signal processing function chip, and the method is applied to the MCU. Thereby, the LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module can implement the method provided in this application in-band, such as implementing the parsing of the control frame and the automatic configuration of parameters, or filling the control frame, without relying on an out-of-band interface, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of automatic parameter configuration and is relatively flexible.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the first device further includes a retimer. The first device can have multiple types. This application supports cascading of the first device according to actual requirements, and has strong universality.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the first function includes a basic function, and the second function includes other functions except the first function. Thus, the function expansion in the parameter automatic configuration process is realized, and the expandability is improved.

[0025] In a second aspect, a method for automatic parameter configuration is provided. The method is applied to a second device included in a communication system, and the communication system further includes a first device. In this method, the second device generates a control frame and sends the control frame to the first device. Among them, the control frame includes first LT information and first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement the first function of link training. Link training refers to training the control parameters of the link between the first device and the second device. The first extended information includes at least one of AN information, second LT information, or LT control information. The AN information includes parameters for automatic negotiation between the first device and the second device. The second LT information is used to implement the second function of link training. The LT control information is used to control link training. Thus, it is possible to realize automatic parameter configuration between the second device and the first device. This automatic parameter configuration has strong scalability, and the automatically configured parameters are more abundant and accurate, and are relatively flexible and comprehensive.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the second device generates a control frame, including: the second device fills the first LT information and the first extended information into a register; the second device reads the register and generates a control frame according to the read content. By filling the register, the second device can generate a control frame through an out-of-band interface, and the requirements for the second device are relatively low and it is relatively flexible.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the PRBS field of the modified LT frame.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the modified LT frame includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the modified LT frame includes the first extended information.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the control frame is an improved AN frame, the first extended information includes AN information, the AN information is located on the base page of the improved AN frame, and the information in the control frame other than the AN information is located on the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the base page of the improved AN frame includes a second identifier for indicating the existence of the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the control frame further includes second extended information different from the first extended information.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the second device includes at least one of an LPO optical module, a semi - heavy timing module, a CPO module, an NPO module, an AEC module, an ACC module, or a passive DAC module.

[0034] In a possible implementation, the LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a microcontroller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing functional chip, and the method is applied to the microcontroller unit.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the second device further includes a retimer.

[0036] In a possible implementation, the first function includes a basic function, and the second function includes other functions other than the first function.

[0037] In a third aspect, there is provided a device for automatic parameter configuration. The device is applied to a first device included in a communication system, and the communication system further includes a second device. The device includes:

[0038] A receiving module, configured to receive a control frame sent by the second device. The control frame includes first LT information and first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement a first function of link training. Link training refers to training the control parameters of the link between the first device and the second device. The first extended information includes at least one of AN information, second LT information, or LT control information. The AN information includes parameters for auto - negotiation between the first device and the second device. The second LT information is used to implement a second function of link training. The LT control information is used to control link training;

[0039] An execution module, configured to execute the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information.

[0040] In a possible implementation, the control frame is an improved LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the improved LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the PRBS field of the improved LT frame.

[0041] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a combination of an improved LT frame and the next frame of the improved LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the improved LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the improved LT frame.

[0042] In a possible implementation, the improved LT frame includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the improved LT frame includes the first extended information.

[0043] In a possible implementation, the control frame is an improved AN frame, the first extended information includes AN information, the AN information is located in the base page of the improved AN frame, and the information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0044] In a possible implementation, the base page of the improved AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0045] In a possible implementation, the control frame further includes second extended information, and the second extended information is different from the first extended information.

[0046] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes:

[0047] A filling module, configured to fill the control frame with the reference information of the first device to obtain an updated control frame;

[0048] A sending module, configured to send the updated control frame to a third device in the communication system, and the updated control frame is used for the third device to execute the functions of the information included in the updated control frame.

[0049] In a possible implementation, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in different field segments in the updated control frame.

[0050] In a possible implementation, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in the same field segment in the updated control frame, and the reference information is located before or after the first LT information and the first extended information.

[0051] In a possible implementation, the reference information of the first device includes information about the transmission channel of the first device.

[0052] In a possible implementation, there are multiple segments of a first channel between the first device and the second device; an execution module, configured to execute the functions of the first LT information and the functions of the first extended information in parallel for the multiple segments of the first channel.

[0053] In a possible implementation, the first device includes at least one of an LPO optical module, a semi - heavy timing module, a CPO module, an NPO module, an AEC module, an ACC module, or a passive DAC module.

[0054] In a possible implementation, the LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a microcontroller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing functional chip, and the device is applied to the microcontroller unit.

[0055] In a possible implementation, the first device further includes a retimer.

[0056] In a fourth aspect, a device for automatic parameter configuration is provided. The device is applied to a second device included in a communication system, and the communication system further includes a first device. The device includes:

[0057] A generation module, configured to generate a control frame. The control frame includes first LT information and first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement a first function of link training, where link training refers to training the control parameters of the link between the first device and the second device. The first extended information includes at least one of AN information, second LT information, or LT control information. The AN information includes parameters for automatic negotiation between the first device and the second device. The second LT information is used to implement a second function of link training. The LT control information is used to control link training;

[0058] A sending module, configured to send the control frame to the first device.

[0059] In a possible implementation, the generation module is configured to fill the first LT information and the first extended information into a register; read the register to generate a control frame.

[0060] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the PRBS field of the modified LT frame.

[0061] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

[0062] In a possible implementation, the modified LT frame includes a first identifier, which is used to indicate that the next frame of the modified LT frame includes the first extended information.

[0063] In a possible implementation, the control frame is an improved AN frame, the first extended information includes AN information, the AN information is located on the base page of the improved AN frame, and the information in the control frame other than the AN information is located on the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0064] In a possible implementation, the base page of the improved AN frame includes a second identifier for indicating the existence of the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0065] In a possible implementation, the control frame further includes second extended information different from the first extended information.

[0066] In a possible implementation, the second device includes at least one of an LPO optical module, a semi-re-timing module, a CPO module, an NPO module, an AEC module, an ACC module, or a passive DAC module.

[0067] In a possible implementation, the LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a microcontroller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing function chip, and the apparatus is applied to the microcontroller unit.

[0068] In a possible implementation, the second device further includes a re-timer.

[0069] In a possible implementation, the first function includes a basic function, and the second function includes other functions other than the first function.

[0070] In a fifth aspect, a method for automatic parameter configuration is provided. The method is applied to a first device included in a communication system, and the communication system further includes a second device. The first device is located at the local device, and the second device is located at the peer device. In this method, the first device receives a control frame sent by the second device. The control frame includes first LT information for implementing the function of link training and first extended information for implementing the function between the local device and the peer device; the first device executes the function of the first LT information and the function of the first extended information.

[0071] The present application provides a control frame which can not only carry first LT information, but also carry first extended information, having strong scalability. Based on this control frame, the first device can not only execute the function of the first LT information to obtain the control parameters of the link through the first functional training of link training, but also execute the function of the first extended information (which plays an auxiliary role, such as improving energy efficiency). Thus, on the basis of the function of the first LT information, the function expansion between the local device and the peer device is realized. The function expansion can make the automatically configured parameters between different devices more abundant and accurate, being relatively flexible and comprehensive, and applicable to complex scenarios with high requirements for parameter accuracy and automatic configuration efficiency, such as complex scenarios with a large number of devices and various types of devices in a communication system.

[0072] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame is a modified LT frame, the first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the PRBS field of the modified LT frame.

[0073] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame, the first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

[0074] In a possible implementation manner, the modified LT frame includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the modified LT frame includes the first extended information.

[0075] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame is a modified AN frame, the first extended information includes AN information, the AN information is located in the base page of the modified AN frame, and the information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0076] In a possible implementation manner, the base page of the modified AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0077] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame further includes second extended information, and the second extended information is different from the first extended information.

[0078] After the first device receives the control frame sent by the second device, the method further includes: the first device fills the control frame with the reference information of the first device to obtain an updated control frame; the first device sends the updated control frame to a third device in the communication system, and the updated control frame is used for the third device to execute the function of the information included in the updated control frame.

[0079] In a possible implementation manner, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in different field segments in the updated control frame.

[0080] In a possible implementation, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in the same field segment of the updated control frame, and the reference information is located before or after the first LT information and the first extended information.

[0081] In a possible implementation, the reference information of the first device includes information about the transmission channels of the first device.

[0082] In a possible implementation, there are multiple segments of the first channel between the first device and the second device. The first device performs the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information, including: the first device performs the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information in parallel for the multiple segments of the first channel.

[0083] In a possible implementation, the first device includes at least one of an LPO optical module, a semi - heavy timing module, a CPO module, an NPO module, an AEC module, an ACC module, or a passive DAC module.

[0084] In a possible implementation, the LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a micro - controller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing functional chip, and the method is applied to the micro - controller unit.

[0085] In a possible implementation, the first device further includes a retimer.

[0086] In a sixth aspect, a method for automatic parameter configuration is provided. The method is applied to a second device included in a communication system. The communication system further includes a first device. The second device is located at the local device, and the first device is located at the peer device. The method includes: the second device generates a control frame, the control frame includes first LT information and first extended information, the first LT information is used to implement the function of link training, and the first extended information is used to implement the function between the local device and the peer device; the second device sends the control frame to the first device.

[0087] In a possible implementation, the control frame is an improved LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the improved LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the PRBS field of the improved LT frame.

[0088] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a combination of an improved LT frame and the next frame of the improved LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the improved LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the improved LT frame.

[0089] In a possible implementation, the improved LT frame includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the improved LT frame includes the first extended information.

[0090] In a possible implementation, the control frame is an improved AN frame, the first extended information includes AN information, the AN information is located on the base page of the improved AN frame, and the information other than the AN information in the control frame is located on the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0091] In a possible implementation, the base page of the improved AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0092] In a possible implementation, the control frame further includes second extended information, and the second extended information is different from the first extended information.

[0093] In a possible implementation, the second device includes at least one of an LPO optical module, a semi-duplex timing module, a CPO module, an NPO module, an AEC module, an ACC module, or a passive DAC module.

[0094] In a possible implementation, the LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a microcontroller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing functional chip, and the method is applied to the microcontroller unit.

[0095] In a possible implementation, the second device further includes a retimer.

[0096] In a seventh aspect, there is provided a device for automatic parameter configuration, characterized in that the device is applied to a first device included in a communication system, the communication system further includes a second device, the first device is located at the local device, the second device is located at the peer device, and the device includes a receiving module and an execution module. The receiving module is configured to perform the receiving step in the method provided in the fifth aspect and corresponding possible implementations, and the execution module is configured to perform the steps other than receiving in the method provided in the fifth aspect and corresponding possible implementations.

[0097] For example, the receiving module is configured to receive a control frame sent by the second device, the control frame includes first LT information and first extended information, the first LT information is used to implement the function of link training, and the first extended information is used to implement the function between the local device and the peer device; the execution module is configured to perform the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information.

[0098] In a possible implementation, the control frame is an improved LT frame, the first LT information is located in the control status field of the improved LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the PRBS field of the improved LT frame.

[0099] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a combination of an improved LT frame and the next frame of the improved LT frame, the first LT information is located in the control status field of the improved LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the improved LT frame.

[0100] In a possible implementation, the improved LT frame includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the improved LT frame includes first extended information.

[0101] In a possible implementation, the control frame is an improved AN frame, the first extended information includes AN information, the AN information is located on the base page of the improved AN frame, and the information other than the AN information in the control frame is located on the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0102] In a possible implementation, the base page of the improved AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0103] In a possible implementation, the control frame further includes second extended information, and the second extended information is different from the first extended information.

[0104] In a possible implementation, the device further includes: a filling module, configured to fill the control frame with the reference information of the first device to obtain an updated control frame; a sending module, configured to send the updated control frame to a third device in the communication system, and the updated control frame is used for the third device to execute the functions included in the updated control frame.

[0105] In a possible implementation, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in different domain segments of the updated control frame.

[0106] In a possible implementation, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in the same domain segment of the updated control frame, and the reference information is located before or after the first LT information and the first extended information.

[0107] In a possible implementation, the reference information of the first device includes information about the transmission channel of the first device.

[0108] In a possible implementation, an execution module is configured to execute the functions of the first LT information and the functions of the first extended information in parallel for multiple segments of the first channel.

[0109] In a possible implementation, the first device includes at least one of an LPO optical module, a semi - heavy timing module, a CPO module, an NPO module, an AEC module, an ACC module, or a passive DAC module.

[0110] In a possible implementation, the LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a microcontroller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing function chip, and the device is applied to the microcontroller unit.

[0111] In a possible implementation, the first device further includes a retimer.

[0112] In an eighth aspect, there is provided a device for automatic parameter configuration, characterized in that the device is applied to a second device included in a communication system, the communication system further includes a first device, the second device is located at the local device, the first device is located at the peer device, and the device includes a generation module and a transmission module. The generation module is configured to perform the steps other than transmission in the method provided in the sixth aspect and corresponding possible implementations, and the transmission module is configured to perform the transmission step in the method provided in the sixth aspect and corresponding possible implementations.

[0113] For example, the generation module is configured to generate a control frame, the control frame includes first LT information and first extended information, the first LT information is used to implement the function of link training, and the first extended information is used to implement the function between the local device and the peer device;

[0114] The transmission module is configured to send the control frame to the first device.

[0115] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a modified LT frame, the first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the PRBS field of the modified LT frame.

[0116] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame, the first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

[0117] In a possible implementation, the modified LT frame includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the modified LT frame includes the first extended information.

[0118] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a modified AN frame, the first extended information includes AN information, the AN information is located in the base page of the modified AN frame, and the information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0119] In a possible implementation, the base page of the modified AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0120] In a possible implementation, the control frame further includes second extended information, and the second extended information is different from the first extended information.

[0121] In a possible implementation, the second device includes at least one of an LPO optical module, a semi-retiming module, a CPO module, an NPO module, an AEC module, an ACC module, or a passive DAC module.

[0122] In a possible implementation, the LPO optical module, CPO module, or NPO module includes a microcontroller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing function chip, and the device is applied to the microcontroller unit.

[0123] In a possible implementation, the second device further includes a retimer.

[0124] In a ninth aspect, a control frame is provided. The control frame includes first LT information and first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement a first function of link training, where link training refers to training control parameters of a link between a first device and a second device in a communication system. The first extended information includes at least one of AN information, second LT information, or LT control information. The AN information includes parameters for auto-negotiation between the first device and the second device. The second LT information is used to implement a second function of link training, and the LT control information is used to control link training.

[0125] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the PRBS field of the modified LT frame.

[0126] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

[0127] In a possible implementation, the modified LT frame includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the modified LT frame includes the first extended information.

[0128] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a modified AN frame. The first extended information includes AN information, and the AN information is located in the base page of the modified AN frame. Information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0129] In a possible implementation, the base page of the modified AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0130] In a possible implementation, the control frame further includes second extended information, and the second extended information is different from the first extended information.

[0131] In a tenth aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes a processor and a receiver. The receiver is used to receive a control frame, and the processor is used to process the control frame so that the communication device implements the method for automatic parameter configuration provided in the first aspect, the fifth aspect, and the corresponding possible implementations.

[0132] In an eleventh aspect, another communication device is provided. The communication device includes a processor and a transmitter. The processor is configured to generate a control frame, and the transmitter is configured to transmit the control frame, so that the communication device implements the method for automatic parameter configuration provided in the second aspect, the sixth aspect, and the corresponding possible implementation manners.

[0133] In a twelfth aspect, a chip is provided. The chip includes an interface circuit and a control circuit. The interface circuit is configured to transmit and receive data, and the control circuit is configured to process the data, so that a device installed with the chip implements the method for automatic parameter configuration provided in the first aspect, the second aspect, the fifth aspect, or the sixth aspect, and the corresponding possible implementation manners.

[0134] In a thirteenth aspect, a communication system is provided. The communication system includes a first device and a second device. The first device is configured to implement the method for automatic parameter configuration provided in the first aspect, the fifth aspect, and the corresponding possible implementation manners, and the second device is configured to implement the method for automatic parameter configuration provided in the second aspect, the sixth aspect, and the corresponding possible implementation manners.

[0135] It should be understood that for the technical effects achieved by the technical solutions provided in the second aspect to the thirteenth aspect of this application and the corresponding possible implementation manners, reference may be made to the description of the technical effects achieved by the technical solutions provided in the first aspect and the corresponding possible implementation manners above, which will not be elaborated herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0136] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0137] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of another communication system provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0138] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of yet another communication system provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0139] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a standard LT frame provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0140] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of a standard AN frame provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0141] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of a basic page provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0142] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of a half retimed module provided by an embodiment of this application;

[0143] Figure 8Another structural schematic diagram of the half retimed module provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0144] Figure 9 A structural schematic diagram of an LPO optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0145] Figure 10 Another structural schematic diagram of an LPO optical module provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0146] Figure 11 A flowchart of a method for automatic parameter configuration provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0147] Figure 12 Another schematic diagram of a communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0148] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of in-frame embedding provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0149] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of inter-frame embedding provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0150] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of parsing and filling of a control frame provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0151] Figure 16 A flow schematic diagram of automatic parameter configuration provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0152] Figure 17 A flow schematic diagram of automatic parameter configuration for multiple segments of the first channel provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0153] Figure 18 Another flow schematic diagram of automatic parameter configuration provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0154] Figure 19 Another flow schematic diagram of automatic parameter configuration for multiple segments of the first channel provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0155] Figure 20 Another flow schematic diagram of automatic parameter configuration for multiple segments of the first channel provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0156] Figure 21 Another flowchart of a method for automatic parameter configuration provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0157] Figure 22 Another flowchart of a method for automatic parameter configuration provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0158] Figure 23Flowchart of yet another method for automatic parameter configuration provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0159] Figure 24 Schematic structural diagram of a device for automatic parameter configuration provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0160] Figure 25 Schematic structural diagram of another device for automatic parameter configuration provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0161] Figure 26 Schematic structural diagram of yet another device for automatic parameter configuration provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0162] Figure 27 Schematic structural diagram of yet another device for automatic parameter configuration provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0163] The terms used in the implementation manners part of the present application are only for explaining the specific embodiments of the present application, rather than aiming to limit the present application.

[0164] In a communication system, different devices are connected through channels, and the channels include at least one of optical channels or electrical channels. Automatic configuration of parameters is required between different devices, and the parameters are used to establish a communication link between different devices so that different devices can complete communication based on the communication link.

[0165] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which includes at least two devices, and adjacent devices among the at least two devices are connected through optical channels or electrical channels. When the communication system includes electrical channels but does not include optical channels, the communication system can also be referred to as an electrical interconnection system. When the communication system includes both electrical channels and optical channels, the communication system can also be referred to as an optoelectronic interconnection system. Among them, the devices in the communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application include but are not limited to the following several types.

[0166] The first type of device, a host chip, also known as the main chip inside the device, is connected to other devices through electrical channels. Exemplarily, the host chip includes but is not limited to a switch chip, a physical layer (PHY) chip, etc., and the PHY chip is, for example, an (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC) chip.

[0167] The second type of device, an electrical interconnection device, is connected to other devices through a telecommunication channel. Exemplarily, the electrical interconnection device includes direct attach cables (DAC), and DAC includes but is not limited to: active electrical cables (AEC) modules, active copper cables (ACC) modules, and passive direct attach cable DAC modules, etc.

[0168] The third type of device, an optical - electrical interconnection device, is used for optical - electrical conversion and is connected to other devices through an optical channel, or through both an optical channel and a telecommunication channel.

[0169] In some embodiments, the optical - electrical interconnection device includes an optical module. Exemplarily, the optical module includes but is not limited to optical digital signal processor (oDSP) optical modules, linear - drive pluggable optics (LPO) optical modules, and half - retimed modules, etc. The half - retimed module refers to a retimed transmitter linear receiver.

[0170] In some other embodiments, the optical - electrical interconnection device includes co - package optics (CPO) modules, near - package optics (NPO) modules, etc. Among them, by co - assembling an optical engine (OE) and a host chip, for example, co - assembling on a substrate, a co - package of the OE and the host chip is formed, and a CPO module can be obtained. By separately assembling the OE and the host chip on the same printed circuit board (PCB), a near - package of the OE and the host chip is formed, and an NPO module can be obtained.

[0171] In some other embodiments, the optical - electrical interconnection device includes active optical cables (AOC), which are obtained by integrating an optical module and an optical fiber.

[0172] The fourth type of device, a device other than the above three types of devices, functions as a relay, driver, etc. Exemplarily, the fourth type of device includes but is not limited to a retimer. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this, and the fourth type of device can be flexibly set according to actual needs.

[0173] In a communication system, several devices introduced above may be located in different devices, such as a switch, a network interface card (NIC), etc. Taking a communication system including a local device and a remote device as an example, for ease of understanding, the embodiments of the present application provide the following several communication systems for exemplary illustration.

[0174] The first communication system is as Figure 1 shown. The local device includes a host chip 1 and an LPO optical module 1 connected by a telecom channel. The remote device includes a host chip 2 and an LPO optical module 2 connected by a telecom channel. The LPO optical module 1 and the LPO optical module 2 are connected by an optical channel (such as an optical fiber). Among them, the host chip 1 and the host chip 2 can be a switching chip, a PHY chip, etc.

[0175] The second communication system is as Figure 2 shown. The local device includes a host chip 1 and an oDSP optical module connected by a telecom channel. The remote device includes a host chip 2 and an LPO optical module connected by a telecom channel. The oDSP optical module and the LPO optical module are connected by an optical channel. This situation is also called the mixed insertion of the oDSP optical module and the LPO optical module.

[0176] Among them, the oDSP optical module includes an oDSP. The first side of the oDSP is used to connect to the host chip, and the first side can be called the host side; the second side of the oDSP is used to connect to a transmitter optical sub-assembly (TOSA) and / or a receiver optical sub-assembly (ROSA), and the second side can be called the media side. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the devices included in the host side and the media side. The first side is used to communicate with the host chip through a telecom channel. For example, a serializer / deserializer (serdes) located on the first side of the oDSP communicates with a Serdes ( Figure 2 Serdes not shown in the figure) located on the host chip through a telecom channel. The second side is used to communicate with the TOSA / ROSA through a telecom channel. In one implementation, the TOSA / ROSA is located in the oDSP optical module. The TOSA / ROSA communicates with the LPO optical module on the opposite end through an optical channel. Compared with the oDSP optical module, the LPO optical module removes the oDSP. Since the oDSP is removed from the LPO optical module, the HostChip is required to perform optical telecom channel compensation.

[0177] The third communication system is asFigure 3 As shown, the local device includes a host chip 1, a retimer, and an LPO optical module connected in sequence through a telecommunications channel, and the remote device includes a CPO module. The CPO module includes an OE and a host chip 2. The LPO optical module is connected to the CPO module through an optical channel. This situation is also referred to as the mixed insertion of the LPO optical module and the CPO module.

[0178] Of course, Figures 1 to 3 The communication system shown is only for illustration and does not limit the communication system of the embodiments of the present application. Moreover, in the communication system, the local device and the remote device are relative. A communication device in the communication system regards itself as the local device and other communication devices that need to establish a communication link as the remote device. Exemplarily, the local device and the remote device above can also be understood as the first communication device and the second communication device.

[0179] As mentioned above, automatic configuration of parameters is required between different devices in the communication system. Here, two related technologies for automatic configuration of parameters are introduced, namely Related Technology 1 and Related Technology 2.

[0180] In Related Technology 1, control parameters are obtained through a link training (LT) process to achieve automatic configuration of parameters. For a device included in the communication system, the device includes at least one interface, each interface includes at least one unit, and the link between different devices is used to connect the interfaces on the device. The control parameter refers to the control parameter of the link.

[0181] For example, the unit in the interface includes a finite impulse response (FIR) filter. The FIR filter can be located in the transmitter (TX) included in the interface. The parameters of the FIR filter include FIR coefficients, and the FIR coefficients belong to a type of control parameter of the link.

[0182] Also, for example, the control parameters of the unit in the interface include preset parameters. Training the preset parameters can affect the performance parameters, and the performance parameters include but are not limited to the extinction ratio (ER) or the optical modulation amplitude (

[0183] Taking the training of the control parameters of the link between device A and device B as an example, in the LT process in the transmission direction from device A to device B, device A sends a standard LT frame to device B through the TX of device A. The standard LT frame carries LT information and test information. Device B can receive the standard LT frame through the receiver (RX) of device B and determine the signal quality through the test information in the standard LT frame. For example, the signal quality is measured by means such as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), bit error ratio (BER), or eye diagram. After that, device B trains the parameters used by the units included in the interface of device A, that is, the control parameters of the link, according to the signal quality and LT information to improve the signal quality. For example, device B implements this LT process through the LT state machine in device B. Of course, the full-duplex mode is adopted between device A and device B, and the LT process will also be executed in the transmission direction from device B to device A, which will not be elaborated here.

[0184] Taking Figure 4 the frame structure of the standard LT frame shown as an example, refer to Figure 4 , this standard LT frame includes a frame marker, a differential manchester encoding (DME) field, and a pseudo random binary sequence (PRBS) field. Among them, the frame marker is also called the LT frame header. The DME field is used to carry LT information, and the DME field is also called the control status field (including a control field and a status field). The control field and the status field each include 16 cells, and the length of each cell is 1 byte. The PRBS field is used to carry test information, and the PRBS field is also called the training pattern and zero pad field.

[0185] In Related Art 2, transmission parameters are negotiated through an auto-negotiation (AN) process to achieve automatic configuration of the parameters. The transmission parameters include, but are not limited to, rate parameters and forward error correction (FEC) capability parameters. The rate parameter is, for example, 10G BASE-KR, etc. 10G BASE means based on 10 gigabits per second (Gbps), and KR means backplane. The FEC capability parameter is, for example, 25G RS-FEC, 25G means 25Gbps, and RS means reed-solomon.

[0186] Taking the example of the automatic negotiation of parameters between device A and device B, during the AN process in the transmission direction from device A to device B, device A sends a standard AN frame to device B. The standard AN frame carries the transmission parameters supported by device A (i.e., the parameters for automatic negotiation, which are also AN information). Device B can determine the transmission parameters supported by device A through the standard AN frame, and combine them with the transmission parameters supported by device B to negotiate the transmission parameters jointly supported by device A and device B, and use the transmission parameters jointly supported by device A and device B (i.e., the transmission parameters obtained through automatic negotiation) in the subsequent communication process. For example, device B implements this AN process through the AN state machine in device B. The full-duplex mode is adopted between device A and device B, and the AN process will also be executed in the transmission direction from device B to device A, which will not be elaborated here.

[0187] Taking Figure 5 the frame structure of the standard AN frame shown as an example, see Figure 5 , the frame structure of the standard AN frame includes a delimiter, a DME page, and pseudo random data. The delimiter is also called the AN frame header or the manchester violation delimiter. The DME Page is used to carry AN information. The DME Page includes at least a base page, and optionally also includes a next page. The NextPage includes a message type and an unformatted type. The structure of the BasePage can be seen in Figure 6 , D0 to D47 are 48 valid data (i.e., AN information), the length of each valid data is 2 bits, and D15 is the NP field. The NP field is used to indicate whether there is a NextPage after the BasePage.

[0188] In related technology one, only the LT process alone is involved, the automatically configured parameters are relatively single, and the scalability is not strong. Moreover, the standard LT frame can only carry LT information through the control status field. Since the length of the control status field is limited and fixed, the LT information that can be carried is limited, and the scalability is poor. In addition, when there are multiple devices in the communication system, the LT processes between multiple devices are serial. Controlling the serial LT process requires a large overhead, and if a certain LT process fails, it is necessary to restart from the first LT process, with a low fault tolerance and low efficiency.

[0189] In Related Art 2, only the separate AN process is involved, and the automatically configured parameters are relatively single, with poor scalability. When there are multiple devices in the communication system, the AN processes between multiple devices are serial. Controlling the serial AN process requires a large overhead, and if a certain AN process fails, it is necessary to restart from the first AN process, resulting in a low fault tolerance rate and low efficiency.

[0190] It can be seen that whether it is Related Art 1 or Related Art 2, the automatically configured parameters are relatively limited, and there is not much information available for reference, which affects the accuracy of the automatically configured parameters and the automatic configuration efficiency, and it is difficult to adapt to complex scenarios such as the mixed insertion scenario (such as the second and third communication systems exemplified above) and downward compatibility with different optical fiber lengths, because these complex scenarios have high requirements for parameter accuracy and automatic configuration efficiency. In addition, in actual applications, the AN process is often fixedly executed first, and then the LT process is fixedly executed, which is not flexible enough.

[0191] The embodiment of the present application provides a method for automatically configuring parameters. This method is applied to the first device in the communication system, and the first device includes at least one of all the devices in the communication system.

[0192] Taking the first device as the third device above, that is, the optoelectronic interconnection device, several architectures of the first device will be exemplified.

[0193] In the first architecture, the first device is an oDSP optical module. The oDSP optical module includes an internal microcontroller unit (MCU) and an oDSP. The oDSP optical module can implement the method provided by the embodiment of the present application through the MCU and the oDSP.

[0194] In the second architecture, the first device is a half retimed module.

[0195] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 7, the half retimed module supports including a lite digital signal processor (DSP), an analog signal processor (ASP), or a clock and data recovery (CDR) function in either transmission direction. The half retimed module includes, but is not limited to: Lite DSP / ASP / CDR, MCU, continuous time linear equalizer (CTLE), driver (DRV), trans-impedance amplifier (TIA), laser, modulator, photo detector (PD), multiplexer (MUX), and demultiplexer (DEMUX). The half retimed module can implement the method provided in the embodiments of the present application through the lite DSP / ASP / CDR.

[0196] In some other embodiments, refer to Figure 8 , the half retimed module supports including a CDR configured with a DME transceiver and MUX / DEMUX in either transmission direction. The half retimed module includes, but is not limited to: CDR (configured with DME Transceiver & MUX / DEMUX), MCU, CTLE, DRV, TIA, laser, modulator, PD, MUX, and DEMUX. The half retimed module can implement the method provided in the embodiments of the present application through the CDR (configured with DME Transceiver & MUX / DEMUX).

[0197] The third architecture, the first device is an LPO optical module, and the LPO optical module can be Figure 9 the standard architecture shown. The standard architecture LPO optical module includes, but is not limited to: MCU, CTLE, DRV, TIA, laser, modulator, PD, MUX, and DEMUX. The standard architecture LPO optical module is connected to the control system through a common management interface specification (CMIS) interface and implements the method provided in the embodiments of the present application according to the control of the control system.

[0198] Among them, the CMIS interface is an out-of-band interface, and out-of-band means non-in-band. In addition to the CMIS interface, the embodiments of the present application may also adopt interfaces such as peripheral component interconnect express (PCIe), management data input / output (MDIO), or inter-integrated circuit (IIC, I2C), which are not limited herein.

[0199] In some embodiments, the control system includes an off-chip processor (including but not limited to a central processing unit (CPU)) or a main control board, which is implemented by software and is relatively flexible.

[0200] In other embodiments, the control system includes devices in the HostChip, such as an MCU integrated in the HostChip, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0201] In an exemplary embodiment, when connecting the control system using an interface such as CMIS, the method provided by the embodiments of the present application is implemented in cooperation with registers. The registers are used to store the content of the control frame provided by the embodiments of the present application (the content of the control frame will be described in detail in the following method embodiments). The first device implements the method provided by the embodiments of the present application through the control system, etc., which means performing at least one of the operations of reading or writing the registers through the control system to implement the method provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0202] For the fourth architecture, the first device is an LPO optical module, and the LPO optical module can be Figure 10 the improved architecture shown. This improved architecture is based on Figure 9 the standard architecture shown, and adds firmware, such as a digital / analog signal processing function chip, as a co-processor of the MCU, forming an MCU configured with a digital / analog signal processing function chip, so as to implement the method provided by the embodiments of the present application through the MCU configured with the digital / analog signal processing function chip, reducing the dependence on software. For example, the digital / analog signal processing function chip is Figure 10 the Lite CDR&DME Transceiver shown.

[0203] Exemplarily, the digital / analog signal processing function chip can be integrated in the MCU, or can be located in at least one of the CTLE or Laser and be called by the MCU. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the deployment location of the digital / analog signal processing function chip in the LPO optical module.

[0204] Exemplarily, in the fourth architecture, the first device is taken as an example of an LPO optical module for illustration. In the case where the first device is a CPO module or an NPO module, the CPO module or the NPO module may also include an MCU configured with a digital / analog signal processing function chip, and the method provided in the embodiments of the present application is implemented through the MCU configured with the digital / analog signal processing function chip.

[0205] As Figure 11 shown, the method for automatic parameter configuration provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the following steps 1101 and 1102.

[0206] Step 1101, the first device receives a control frame sent by the second device. The control frame includes first LT information and first extension information. The first LT information is used to implement the first function of link training. Link training refers to training the control parameters of the link between the first device and the second device. The first extension information includes at least one of AN information, second LT information, or LT control information. The AN information includes parameters for automatic negotiation between the first device and the second device. The second LT information is used to implement the second function of link training. The LT control information is used to control link training.

[0207] Among them, the second device is any one of all the devices included in the communication system except the first device. The first device and the second device are connected through at least one of a telecommunication channel and an optical channel. Taking the optical channel as an example, the optical channel includes, but is not limited to, optical fibers. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the number of optical fibers between the first device and the second device. Moreover, the embodiments of the present application do not limit the number of devices included between the first device and the second device. There may be no device between the first device and the second device, or there may be one device, or there may be multiple cascaded devices. The multiple cascaded devices may also be connected through at least one of a telecommunication channel and an optical channel.

[0208] Taking Figure 12 the shown communication system as an example, the first device and the second device include, but are not limited to, the following several combinations.

[0209] The first combination, both the first device and the second device are optical modules, and the first device and the second device are located in different devices. There is an optical channel between the first device and the second device, denoted as channel 0 ( Figure 12 shown as CHAN-0 in

[0210] The second combination: one of the first device and the second device is an optical module, and the other of the first device and the second device is a host chip. The first device and the second device are located in the same device, and there is a communication channel between the first device and the second device, denoted as Channel 1 ( Figure 12 shown as CHAN-1 in

[0211] The third combination: one of the first device and the second device is an optical module, and the other of the first device and the second device is a host chip. The first device and the second device are located in different devices, and there are an optical channel and a communication channel between the first device and the second device, denoted as Channel 2 ( Figure 12 shown as CHAN-2 in

[0212] Channel 2 is also called a hybrid channel). Figure 12 The fourth combination: both the first device and the second device are host chips. The first device and the second device are located in different devices, and there are an optical channel and a communication channel between the first device and the second device, denoted as Channel 3 (

[0213] shown as CHAN-3 in

[0214] Channel 3 is also called a full channel). Exemplarily, after the first device receives a control frame sent by the second device, it can parse the control frame in-band, or write the content of the control frame into a register, and the control system reads the content of the control frame from the register through an out-of-band CMIS interface, etc., and parses the control frame. In the embodiments of the present application, the content of the control frame includes, but is not limited to, first LT information and first extended information. Among them, the first extended information includes at least one of AN information, second LT information, or LT control information.

[0215] The AN information in the first extended information includes parameters for auto-negotiation between the first device and the second device. For example, the AN information may include the information exemplified in the above Related Art 2, and may also include other parameters for auto-negotiation.

[0216] For the LT control information in the first extended information, the LT control information is used to control link training. For example, it is used to determine the information that is allowed to be trained in the link training (i.e., LT) process under ideal conditions. For example, the initial value of the information that is allowed to be trained in the LT process under ideal conditions.

[0217] Among them, the information that is allowed to be trained in the LT process under ideal conditions includes at least one of the following: the equalization coefficient of TX / RX, pre-emphasis, drive voltage swing (e.g., the drive voltage swing of the driver), differential swing, common-mode voltage, drive current (e.g., the drive current of the laser), impedance, frequency offset, jitter, automatic gain control (AGC) coefficient, CTLE coefficient, DSP coefficient, ASP coefficient, decision feedback equalizer (DFE) coefficient, floating feed forward equalizer (FFE) coefficient, non-linear effect equalizer (NLE) coefficient, bandwidth, polarization, optical wavelength, linewidth spectrum, lane swap coefficient of the transmission channel of the telecommunication channel, polarity inversion of the differential pair of the telecommunication channel, skew of the device and the telecommunication channel, encoding / decoding mode (such as FEC interleaving, precoding, etc., which can affect the energy efficiency between different devices), power, effective number of bits (ENOB) of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC), DME encoding / decoding baud rate (which can affect the oversampling mechanism, such as the initial high BER state), digital pre-distortion (DPD) coefficient, thermo electric cooler (TEC) coefficient, total harmonic distortion (THD) of the device, I / Q mismatch of the device, baseline drift of the device, temperature drift of the device, insertion loss of the telecommunication channel, return loss of the telecommunication channel, crosstalk of the telecommunication channel, attenuation of the optical channel, return loss of the optical channel, dispersion of the optical channel, non-linearity of the optical channel, group delay of the optical channel, bias (e.g., the bias of the modulator), etc.

[0218] Accordingly, the LT control information may include information for determining the above information. Exemplarily, the LT control information includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: an editable test pattern for optical channel estimation (such as for estimating the return loss of the above-mentioned telecommunication channel, the attenuation of the optical channel, etc.), timestamp information for optical channel group delay estimation, and pilot information for frequency offset and jitter estimation. Examples are not given one by one here.

[0219] Exemplarily, the LT control information may further include other information, such as check information for frame checksum and retransmission control, etc., which can be set according to actual requirements and are not limited here.

[0220] The second LT information in the first extended information is used to implement the second function of link training. The second function is the function of training to obtain control parameters. In the embodiments of the present application, the second function is different from the first function, or rather, the second function includes other functions in addition to the first function. After implementing the second function of link training based on the second LT information and obtaining the control parameters (denoted as the second control parameters), which are different from the control parameters (denoted as the first control parameters) obtained after implementing the first function of link training based on the first LT information, the second control parameters are different from the first control parameters, including but not limited to the following situations.

[0221] In the first case, the second control parameter and the first control parameter belong to different types of basic parameters for the same object.

[0222] According to the description in the relevant technology part above, the devices in the communication system include at least one interface, such as at least one interface being a binding interface. The same object here may refer to the same interface, and different objects below may refer to different interfaces.

[0223] For example, the traditional parameters include traditional parameter 1 to traditional parameter 6. After implementing the first function of link training through the first LT information, the obtained control parameters are traditional parameter 1 to traditional parameter 3 of interface 1, while after implementing the second function of link training through the second LT information, the obtained control parameters are traditional parameter 4 to traditional parameter 6 of interface 1.

[0224] In the second case, the second control parameter and the first control parameter belong to the same type of basic parameters for different objects.

[0225] For example, the traditional parameters include traditional parameter 1 to traditional parameter 6. After implementing the first function of link training through the first LT information, the obtained control parameters are traditional parameter 1 to traditional parameter 3 of interface 1, while after implementing the second function of link training through the second LT information, the obtained control parameters are traditional parameter 1 to traditional parameter 3 of interface 2.

[0226] In the third case, the second control parameter and the first control parameter belong to different types of basic parameters for different objects.

[0227] For example, the traditional parameters include traditional parameter 1 to traditional parameter 6. After the first function of link training is implemented through the first LT information, the obtained control parameters are traditional parameter 1 to traditional parameter 3 of interface 1, while after the second function of link training is implemented through the second LT information, the obtained control parameters are traditional parameter 4 to traditional parameter 6 of interface 2.

[0228] In the fourth case, the second control parameter belongs to an extended parameter, or a non-traditional parameter, and the first control parameter belongs to a basic parameter.

[0229] In an exemplary embodiment, the extended parameters include but are not limited to the following types.

[0230] First, the adjustable range corresponding to the information that is allowed to be trained in the link training (i.e., LT) process under ideal conditions, which is used to determine the information that can be trained in the LT process under actual conditions from the information that is allowed to be trained in the LT process under ideal conditions. For example, the adjustable range corresponding to pre-emphasis, the adjustable range corresponding to differential swing, and so on.

[0231] If the adjustable range corresponding to an information is less than the reference threshold, it is determined that the information belongs to the information that cannot be trained in the LT process under actual conditions. If the adjustable range corresponding to an information is greater than or equal to the reference threshold, it is determined that the information belongs to the information that can be trained in the LT process under actual conditions. Among them, the adjustable range corresponding to an information includes an upper limit and a lower limit, and the adjustable range corresponding to an information being less than the reference threshold means that the difference between the upper limit and the lower limit is less than the reference threshold.

[0232] Of course, for a piece of information, determining whether the information can be trained in the LT process under actual conditions through the adjustable range corresponding to the information is only an example. In the embodiments of the present application, according to actual needs, it can also be determined whether the information can be trained in the LT process under actual conditions through other features of the information.

[0233] Second, the information that can be trained in the LT process under actual conditions. For example, the value of the information that can be trained in the LT process under actual conditions.

[0234] For example, the extended parameters include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: the compensation amount of the TX / RX equalization coefficient, the compensation amount of pre-emphasis, the compensation amount of the drive voltage swing, the compensation amount of the differential swing, the compensation amount of the common-mode voltage, the compensation amount of the drive current, the compensation amount of the impedance, the compensation amount of the frequency offset, the compensation amount of the jitter, the compensation amount of the AGC coefficient, the compensation amount of the CTLE coefficient, the compensation amount of the DSP coefficient, the compensation amount of the ASP coefficient, the compensation amount of the DFE coefficient, the compensation amount of the Float FFE coefficient, the compensation amount of the NLE coefficient, the compensation amount of the bandwidth, the compensation amount of the polarization, the compensation amount of the optical wavelength, the compensation amount of the linewidth spectrum, the compensation amount of the laneswap coefficient, the compensation amount of the differential pair polarity inversion, the compensation amount of the skew, the encoding / decoding mode, the compensation amount of the power, the compensation amount of the ADC ENOB, the DME encoding / decoding baud rate, the compensation amount of the DPD, the compensation amount of the RLM, the compensation amount of the temperature drift, etc., the compensation amount of the TEC, the compensation amount of the THD, the compensation amount of the I / Q mismatch, the compensation amount of the baseline drift, the compensation amount of the temperature drift, the compensation amount of the insertion loss, the compensation amount of the return loss, the compensation amount of the crosstalk, the compensation amount of the attenuation, the compensation amount of the return loss, the compensation amount of the dispersion, the compensation amount of the non-linearity, the compensation amount of the group delay, the compensation amount of the bias, and so on.

[0235] Thirdly, a specified training method selected from the optional training methods. For example, a preset determined from multiple presets, an adjustable parameter training combination determined from multiple adjustable parameter training combinations, a parameter adjustment range determined from multiple parameter adjustment ranges, and a step size determined from multiple step sizes. Among them, the adjustable parameter training combination is used to indicate the types of parameters that need to be adjusted for a device. For example, there are device 1, device 2, and parameter types 1-3 to be adjusted: pre-emphasis, differential swing, and common-mode voltage. One adjustable parameter training combination is that device 1 corresponds to parameter type 1 (pre-emphasis) and device 2 corresponds to parameter types 2-3 (differential swing and common-mode voltage), and another adjustable parameter training combination is that device 2 corresponds to parameters 1-2 (pre-emphasis and differential swing) and device 2 corresponds to parameter 3 (common-mode voltage). The parameter adjustment range may include a subset of the adjustable range corresponding to the above information.

[0236] Exemplarily, in the fourth case, the second control parameter and the first control parameter may be for the same object or for different objects, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0237] The above describes various information that the control frame may include, and the information in the control frame includes, but is not limited to, the following several combinations.

[0238] For the first combination case, the first extended information is AN information, and the control frame includes the first LT information and the AN information. The basic parameters can be obtained through training with the first LT information, and the automatic negotiation of transmission parameters can be realized through the AN information, thus realizing the integration of the LT process and the AN process, making the parameter automatic configuration process relatively flexible. When training in the LT process, the transmission parameters obtained through automatic negotiation in the AN process can be referred to, and when performing automatic negotiation in the AN process, the basic parameters obtained through training in the LT process can also be referred to, improving the accuracy of the automatically configured parameters and the automatic configuration efficiency, and being applicable to complex scenarios with high requirements for parameter accuracy and automatic configuration efficiency.

[0239] For the second combination case, the first extended information is the second LT information, and the control frame includes the first LT information and the second LT information. The basic parameters can be obtained through training with the first LT information, and on the basis of these basic parameters, more abundant control parameters can be obtained through training with the second LT information, realizing more functions of link training and making the scalability of the parameter automatic configuration process relatively strong.

[0240] For the third combination case, the first extended information is LT control information, and the control frame includes the first LT information and the LT control information. The basic parameters can be obtained through training with the first LT information, and the link training can be controlled through the LT control information, playing an auxiliary role in the LT process, thus being beneficial to improving the efficiency of the LT process and the accuracy of the obtained basic parameters.

[0241] For the fourth combination case, the first extended information includes AN information and the second LT information, and the control frame includes the first LT information, the AN information, and the second LT information.

[0242] The basic parameters can be obtained through training with the first LT information, and on the basis of these basic parameters, more abundant control parameters can be obtained through training with the second LT information. The automatic negotiation of transmission parameters can be realized through the AN information, thus realizing the integration of the LT process and the AN process, making the parameter automatic configuration process relatively flexible. When training in the LT process, the transmission parameters obtained through automatic negotiation in the AN process can be referred to, and when performing automatic negotiation in the AN process, the basic parameters and more abundant control parameters obtained through training in the LT process can also be referred to, improving the accuracy of the automatically configured parameters and the automatic configuration efficiency, and having a wide range of applications.

[0243] For the fifth combination scenario, the first extended information includes AN information and LT control information, and the control frame includes the first LT information, AN information, and LT control information. The basic parameters can be obtained through training with the first LT information, the automatic negotiation of transmission parameters can be achieved through the AN information, and the link training can be controlled through the LT control information, which plays an auxiliary role in the LT process, thus facilitating the improvement of the efficiency of the LT process and the accuracy of the basic parameters obtained through training. Thereby, the integration of the LT process and the AN process is realized, making the process of automatic parameter configuration relatively flexible. When training in the LT process, the transmission parameters obtained through automatic negotiation in the AN process can be referred to, and when performing automatic negotiation in the AN process, the more accurate basic parameters obtained through training in the LT process can also be referred to, improving the accuracy of the automatically configured parameters and the efficiency of automatic configuration.

[0244] For the sixth combination scenario, the first extended information includes the second LT information and LT control information, and the control frame includes the first LT information, the second LT information, and LT control information. The basic parameters can be obtained through training with the first LT information. Based on these basic parameters, more abundant control parameters can be obtained through training with the second LT information, making the process of automatic parameter configuration highly extensible. The link training can be controlled through the LT control information, which plays an auxiliary role in the LT process, thus facilitating the improvement of the efficiency of the LT process and the accuracy of the basic parameters and the more abundant control parameters obtained through training.

[0245] For the seventh combination scenario, the first extended information includes AN information, the second LT information, and LT control information, and the control frame includes the first LT information, AN information, the second LT information, and LT control information. The basic parameters can be obtained through training with the first LT information, and more abundant control parameters can be obtained through training with the second LT information. Due to the presence of the LT control information, both the basic parameters and the more abundant control parameters have high accuracy. When training in the LT process, the transmission parameters obtained through automatic negotiation in the AN process can be referred to, and when performing automatic negotiation in the AN process, the accurate and abundant control parameters obtained through training in the LT process can also be referred to, not only improving the accuracy of the automatically configured parameters but also improving the efficiency of automatic parameter configuration.

[0246] In an exemplary embodiment, the format of the control frame includes, but is not limited to, the following several types.

[0247] For the first format, it is an in-frame embedding method with the LT frame as the carrier. Among them, the control frame is an improved LT frame, the first LT information is located in the control status field of the improved LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the PRBS field of the improved LT frame.

[0248] Figure 4A standard LT frame is shown. The standard LT frame only carries the first LT information through the control status field, while the PRBS field does not carry any LT information, AN information, or LT control information. In the embodiments of the present application, the PRBS field of the standard LT frame is extended so that the PRBS field can carry the first extended information, thereby making full use of the space of the PRBS field and obtaining an improved LT frame. Refer to Figure 13 , the improved LT frame includes a frame header, a DME field (including a control field and a status field), and a PRBS field. The DME field carries the first LT information, and the PRBS field carries the first extended information. Among them, Figure 13 shows an example where the first extended information includes AN information, second LT information, and LT control information, which is not used to limit the embodiments of the present application. Exemplarily, in addition to carrying the first extended information, the PRBS field can also carry a reference identifier, and the reference identifier is used to indicate that the PRBS field carries the first extended information.

[0249] The second format is an inter-frame embedding method with the LT frame as the carrier. The control frame is a combination of the improved LT frame and the next frame of the improved LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the improved LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the improved LT frame.

[0250] In some embodiments, a first identifier is added to the standard LT frame. For example, refer to Figure 14 , a first identifier is added to the reserved cell in the control field or status field of the standard LT frame to obtain an improved LT frame. The improved LT frame includes the first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the improved LT frame includes the first extended information. Exemplarily, when the value of the first identifier is the first value, it indicates that the next frame of the improved LT frame includes the first extended information. When the value of the first identifier is the second value, it indicates that the next frame of the improved LT frame does not include the first extended information. The second value is different from the first value. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the values of the second value and the first value. The first device and the second device can distinguish the improved LT frame (carrying the first LT information) from the next frame of the improved LT frame (carrying the first extended information) through the value of the first identifier.

[0251] In some other embodiments, the first LT information is located in the control status field of the standard LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the standard LT frame. The first device and the second device can default that the next frame of the standard LT frame carries the first extended information, so as to distinguish the standard LT frame (carrying the first LT information) from the next frame of the standard LT frame (carrying the first extended information).

[0252] Exemplarily, the next frame may be a standard LT frame, an improved LT frame, a physical coding sublayer (PCS) codeword, or an FEC layer codeword. For example, the FEC layer codeword is an FEC padding frame. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the frame format of the next frame, and a suitable frame can be selected as the next frame according to actual requirements.

[0253] In the third format, the control frame is an improved AN frame, the first extended information includes AN information, the AN information is located on the base page of the improved AN frame, and the information other than the AN information in the control frame is located on the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0254] Figure 5 A standard AN frame is shown. The DME PAGE of the standard AN frame includes a BasePage and a NextPage, but the BasePage and the NextPage are only used to carry AN information. In the embodiments of the present application, the function of the NextPage is extended so that the NextPage can carry the information other than the AN information in the control frame, and an improved AN frame is obtained. The NextPage can be at least one of the message type or the unformatted type. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0255] Exemplarily, the BasePage of the improved AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the NextPage of the improved AN frame. For example, the second identifier can be the NP bit in the BasePage. Exemplarily, when the value of the second identifier is a third value, it indicates the existence of the NextPage of the improved AN frame, and when the value of the second identifier is a fourth value, it indicates the non-existence of the NextPage of the improved AN frame. The third value is different from the fourth value. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the values of the third value and the fourth value.

[0256] In an exemplary embodiment, the improved AN frame provided in the third format can also be applicable to the case where there is no first LT information. For example, the AN information is located on the BasePage of the improved AN frame, and at least one of the LT control information or the second LT information is located on the NextPage of the improved AN frame. This situation can also achieve the integration of the LT process and the AN process, improving the accuracy of the automatically configured parameters and the automatic configuration efficiency.

[0257] Exemplarily, for the above first format to third format, when the first extended information includes the second LT information, the second LT information may include Figure 4 the frame identifier and the DME field shown. For example, the Figure 4The format of the DME field shown carries second LT information, and a frame identifier is included before the second LT information. When the first extension information includes AN information, the AN information may include 48 valid data. For example, the AN information may be carried in the format of the DME Page shown by Figure 5 The DME Page may include a BasePage, or may include a BasePage and a NextPage. The BasePage and the NextPage each include 48 valid data.

[0258] Above, the case where the control frame includes first LT information and first extension information was illustrated by way of example. In an exemplary embodiment, referring to Figure 13 , the control frame further includes second extension information, and the second extension information is different from the first extension information. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the second extension information, and the second extension information may be any information different from the first extension information determined according to actual requirements. The embodiments of the present application support flexible customization of the second extension information.

[0259] Exemplarily, each type of information included in the first extension information may respectively have second extension information. For example, the second LT information included in the first extension information may have second extension information, the AN information included in the first extension information may have second extension information, and the LT control information included in the first extension information may also have second extension information. Alternatively, different information included in the first extension information is combined, and the combined information obtained has second extension information. For example, the second LT information and the LT control information included in the first extension information are combined to obtain combined information, and the combined information has second extension information.

[0260] In some embodiments, the second extension information and the first extension information are located in the same domain segment of the control frame, and the second extension information is located before or after the first extension information. When the second extension information is located before the first extension information, during the process of transmitting the control frame, the second extension information is transmitted first, and then the first extension information is transmitted. When the second extension information is located after the first extension information, during the process of transmitting the control frame, the first extension information is transmitted first, and then the second extension information is transmitted. For example, taking the case where the second extension information is located after the first extension information as an example, in the embodiments of the present application, the second extension information may be carried in the form of a NextPage, so that the second extension information is located after the first extension information. Taking the second LT information having second extension information as an example, a NextPage may exist after the second LT information, and the NextPage carries the second extension information that the second LT information has.

[0261] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the second extended information and the first extended information are located in different field segments of the control frame. Among them, the second extended information may be located after the first extended information, and the first extended information is transmitted first and then the second extended information when transmitting the control frame. Alternatively, the second extended information may be located before the first extended information, and the second extended information is transmitted first and then the first extended information when transmitting the control frame. Or, the second extended information may be synchronized with the first extended information, and the first extended information and the second extended information are transmitted synchronously when transmitting the control frame.

[0262] The above is the parsing process of the control frame by the first device. The first device can also perform the filling process of the control frame. In an exemplary embodiment, the method further includes: the first device fills the control frame with the reference information of the first device to obtain an updated control frame; the first device sends the updated control frame to a third device in the communication system, and the updated control frame is used for the third device to execute the functions of the information included in the updated control frame. Exemplarily, in the case where the first device is connected to the control system through an out-of-band CMIS interface or the like, after receiving the control frame, the first device has written the content of the control frame into the register. Then, the first device can also write the reference information of the first device into the register, and then the control system reads the content of the control frame and the reference information of the first device from the register through the CMIS interface or the like to generate an updated control frame, and then sends the updated control frame to the third device. Or, the first device can also fill the control frame with the reference information of the first device in-band, and after obtaining the updated control frame, send the updated control frame to the third device.

[0263] Exemplarily, the transmission direction of the control frame is from the second device to the first device. The second device is the device before the first device in the transmission direction, and the third device may be the device after the first device in the transmission direction. In the transmission direction of the control frame, each device can independently parse and fill the control frame. For example, Figure 15As shown, in the transmission direction from the host chip of the local device to the host chip of the peer device, the chip of the local device (local host chip) can fill information, and the optical module of the local device (local optical module), the optical module of the peer device (peer optical module), and the host chip of the peer device (peer host chip) can respectively parse and fill information. For example, the local host chip fills local host chip information, the local optical module parses local host chip information (for automatic parameter configuration, and subsequent parsing can also be used for automatic parameter configuration, which will not be elaborated), fills local optical module information, the peer optical module parses local host chip information and local optical module information, fills peer optical module information, the peer host chip parses local host chip information, local optical module information, and peer optical module information, and fills peer host chip information. Thus, each device in the communication system can obtain information of other devices except itself by parsing the control frame, enabling each device to complete the automatic parameter configuration process with reference to rich information. Of course, different devices in the communication system may have different capabilities. For example, there may be some devices with parsing and filling capabilities, while some other devices only have parsing capabilities.

[0264] The embodiments of the present application do not limit the reference information filled by the first device. The reference information filled by the first device may include at least one of the AN information of the first device (such as the rate parameter supported by the first device, the FEC capability parameter), the first LT information of the first device (such as the LT information provided by the first device for training the FIR coefficient), the second LT information of the first device (such as the LT information provided by the first device for training the compensation amount of DPD), or the LT control information of the first device (such as the editable test pattern selected by the first device).

[0265] Exemplarily, the reference information of the first device includes information of the transmission channels (lanes) of the first device. The first device may have multiple lanes, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit the corresponding relationship between the multiple lanes and the interface of the first device. This corresponding relationship may be one-to-one, one-to-many, or many-to-one. Exemplarily, the reference information may include the respective information of each lane among the multiple lanes, or the information of one lane among the multiple lanes. The information of the lane is fine-grained information, which is conducive to realizing a more refined automatic parameter configuration process. The information of different lanes may be the same or different, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0266] Exemplarily, taking the optical module with the first device as the local end as an example, in the case where the corresponding relationship in the above paragraph is many-to-one, that is, the case where multiple lanes correspond to an interface of the first device, it may include: multiple lanes correspond to an interface of the optical module at the local end, and each lane is used to connect to an optical module at the opposite end. This case is also called parallel break out. For example, the optical module at the local end is connected to 4 optical modules at the opposite end through 4 lanes. If the local end needs to transmit 400G of data to the opposite end, the 400G of data can be split into 4 portions of 100G of data, and each lane is used to transmit 1 portion of 100G of data.

[0267] In one implementation, in the break out case, after receiving the control frame, the optical module at the local end obtains the updated control frame for each lane respectively, or in other words, the lane corresponds to the updated control frame one by one. Exemplarily, the updated control frame corresponding to one lane includes: the content of the control frame and the information of this lane filled therein. For example, still taking the optical module at the local end connected to 4 optical modules (denoted as optical module 0 to optical module 3) at the opposite end through 4 lanes (denoted as lane 0 to lane 3) as an example, after receiving the control frame, the optical module at the local end fills the information of lane 0 into the control frame to obtain the updated control frame 0, and sends the updated control frame 0 to the optical module 0 at the opposite end through lane 0. The information of lane 1 is filled into the control frame to obtain the updated control frame 1, and the updated control frame 1 is sent to the optical module 1 at the opposite end through lane 1. The same applies to lane 2 and lane 3, which will not be elaborated here.

[0268] In some embodiments, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in different field segments of the updated control frame. For example, the first LT information and the first extended information included in the control frame are located in the first field segment, and the first device can fill the reference information in the second field segment different from the first field segment.

[0269] In other embodiments, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in the same field segment of the updated control frame, and the reference information is located before or after the first LT information and the first extended information. For example, taking the case where the reference information is located after the first LT information and the first extended information as an example, the first LT information and the first extended information included in the control frame are located in the third field segment, and the first device can also fill the reference information in the third field segment. For example, the reference information is filled in the third field segment by means of NextPage, so that the reference information is located after the first LT information and the first extended information.

[0270] Step 1102, the first device executes the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information.

[0271] Since the control frame includes first LT information and first extension information, after the first device receives the control frame, it can execute the first function of the first LT information to train and obtain the first control parameter of the link between the first device and the second device. The first device can also execute the function of the first extension information. For example, when the first extension information includes AN information, the automatic negotiation between the first device and the second device is completed to obtain the transmission parameters after the automatic negotiation. For another example, when the first extension information includes second LT information, the second control parameter of the link between the first device and the second device is trained and obtained, and the second control parameter is different from the first control parameter. For still another example, when the first extension information includes LT control information, the process of link training based on the first LT information is controlled according to the LT control information. Of course, the process of link training based on the second LT information can also be controlled according to the LT control information.

[0272] As Figure 16 shown, the first device receives a control frame, and the control frame is, for example, an improved LT frame. The improved LT frame includes first LT information and first extension information. The first extension information includes AN information (which can be carried in the improved LT frame in the form of BasePage and includes 48 valid data) and second extension information of the AN information (which can be carried in the improved LT frame in the form of NextPage). When the first device executes the first function of the first LT information, the second function of the second LT information, and the function of the LT control information, an LT state machine can be used, such as the state machine defined by protocol CL136. When the first device executes the function of the AN information, an AN state machine can be adopted, such as the state machine defined by protocol CL73. The use of the LT state machine and the AN state machine can be independent of each other and do not interfere with each other.

[0273] By executing the function of the first LT information and the function of the first extension information, the first device can complete the automatic configuration of parameters, and thus establish a communication link between the first device and the second device according to the automatically configured parameters. Exemplarily, the first device can store various information and parameters involved in step 1101 and step 1102 (including but not limited to the first LT information, the first extension information, and the automatically configured parameters, etc.). If it is necessary to re - establish the communication link subsequently, various information and parameters stored this time can be referred to to re - establish the communication link, improving the reconstruction efficiency of the communication link.

[0274] In an exemplary embodiment, there are multiple segments of the first channel between the first device and the second device. For example, refer to Figure 12, the multi-segment first channel includes channel 0, channel 1, channel 2, and channel 3. Exemplarily, the first device performs the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information, including: the first device performs the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information in parallel for the multi-segment first channel. Compared with the serial LT process between different devices in Related Art 1 and the serial AN process between different devices in Related Art 2, the embodiments of the present application can independently perform the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information in parallel for different first channels, reducing the overhead and complexity and improving the fault tolerance and efficiency of performing various functions.

[0275] As Figure 17 shown, the LT process of the first channel N is denoted as segment training (ST) N. For example, the LT process of channel 0 (i.e., CHAN-0) is ST 0, the LT process of channel 1 (i.e., CHAN-1) is ST 1, the LT process of channel 2 (i.e., CHAN-2) is ST 2, and the LT process of channel 3 (i.e., CHAN-3) is ST 3. The AN process of the first channel N is denoted as segment negotiation (SN) N. For example, the AN process of channel 0 is SN 0, the AN process of channel 1 is SN 1, the AN process of channel 2 is SN 2, and the AN process of channel 3 is SN 3, so as to distinguish the LT processes and AN processes of different first channels.

[0276] In different first channels, the LT processes are independent of each other. For example, some of the first channels in the multi-segment first channel perform the LT process, while the remaining first channels do not perform the LT process. In different first channels, the AN processes are independent of each other. For example, some of the first channels in the multi-segment first channel perform the AN process, while the remaining first channels do not perform the AN process. In the same first channel, the LT process and the AN process are independent of each other. For example, a segment of the first channel can perform the LT process without performing the AN process, or can not perform the LT process but perform the AN process, or can perform both the AN process and the LT process. In the case of performing the AN process and the LT process, the embodiments of the present application do not limit the number of AN processes, the number of LT processes, nor the order of the AN processes and the order of the LT processes. For example, multiple AN processes can be performed after one LT process, and multiple LT processes can also be performed after one AN process, and so on. The AN processes can be combined and nested, the LT processes can be combined and nested, and the LT process and the AN process can also be combined and nested. Of course, a segment of the first channel can also not perform the LT process and the AN process. Figure 17Illustrates various situations where channels 0 to 3 (i.e., multiple segments of the first channel) independently perform the AN process and the LT process during the parameter automatic configuration process, which will not be elaborated here. After completing the parameter automatic configuration process, as Figure 17 shown, a communication link can be established according to the automatically configured parameters, thereby entering the data mode, that is, a mode for data transmission based on the communication link.

[0277] In an exemplary embodiment, the first extended information includes AN information, and the first device performs the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information in parallel for multiple segments of the first channel, including but not limited to the following two sequences.

[0278] The first sequence is to perform the LT process first and then the AN process. For any second channel among multiple segments of the first channel, the first device performs the functions of the information in the control frame except for the AN information to obtain trained control parameters, and performs the functions of the AN information according to the trained control parameters. In Sequence 1, when performing the AN process, the trained control parameters obtained through the LT process can be referred to, which is beneficial to the accuracy of the automatically negotiated parameters obtained through the AN process.

[0279] For example, when performing the AN process for a second channel, according to the transmission parameters 1 supported by device 1 at one end of the second channel and the transmission parameters 2 supported by device 2 at the other end of the second channel, the transmission parameters 3 jointly supported by device 1 and device 2 are obtained. The transmission parameters 3 may include multiple rate parameters and multiple FEC capability parameters. If the trained control parameters are not referred to, it may be necessary to blindly select from multiple rate parameters and blindly select from multiple FEC capability parameters. However, in the embodiments of the present application, since the trained control parameters can be referred to, more accurate selection can be made, which is beneficial to selecting rate parameters and FEC capability parameters that are more suitable for the second channel, thereby improving the accuracy of the automatically negotiated parameters.

[0280] The second sequence is to perform the AN process first and then the LT process. For any second channel among the multiple segments of the first channel, the first device performs the functions of the AN information to obtain automatically negotiated parameters, and performs the functions of the information in the control frame except for the AN information according to the automatically negotiated parameters. In Sequence 2, when performing the LT process, the automatically negotiated parameters obtained through the AN process can be referred to, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the LT process.

[0281] For example, when performing the LT process for a second channel, the automatically negotiated parameters can be referred to to determine the control parameters to be trained and the initial values of the control parameters to be trained, avoiding blind adjustment of the control parameters, thereby improving the efficiency of the LT process.

[0282] Next, in combination with Figure 18 This will be illustrated by way of example. For any segment of the second channel N in the first channel, the LT process ST N of the second channel N may include at least one phase, and each phase may include at least one step. These Phases and the Steps included in the Phases are executed by the first devices at both ends of the second channel N.

[0283] Phase 1 is the channel estimation process, including Step 1 to Step 3.

[0284] Step 1, obtain the AN result. The AN result refers to the transmission parameters obtained through the automatic negotiation of the AN process, which may include device and channel information, such as the rate parameter and the FEC capability parameter exemplified above.

[0285] Step 2, optical / electrical channel estimation, measure the signal distortion caused by the device and the channel. For example, in an ideal situation, the information allowed to be trained in the LT process. For example, determine at least one of the following information according to the LT control information.

[0286] Optoelectronic device information: including but not limited to I / Q mismatch, skew, THD, frequency offset, jitter, baseline drift, temperature drift, etc.

[0287] Telecommunication channel information: including but not limited to insertion loss, return loss, crosstalk, lane swap, differential pair polarity inversion, skew, etc.

[0288] Optical channel information: including but not limited to attenuation, return loss, dispersion, nonlinearity, group delay, etc.

[0289] This Step 2 can be executed by the first device in-band (i.e., along with the signal). For example, if the first device has parsing capabilities, the first device can parse the control frame in-band and execute Step 2 according to the LT control information included in the control frame. Alternatively, this Step 2 can be executed by the first device out-of-band. For example, if the first device does not have parsing capabilities, the first device stores the content of the control frame in a register, and the control system reads the register through the out-of-band CMIS interface and parses the control frame, thereby executing Step 2 according to the LT control information included in the control frame.

[0290] Step 3, measure the device capabilities. For example, in an actual situation, the information that can be trained in the LT process. For example, determine at least one of the following information according to the second LT information.

[0291] The equalization coefficients of the TX / RX of the device, the adjustable ranges corresponding to the equalization coefficients, the supported encoding and decoding modes (such as FEC interleaving, PreCoding, etc.), the adjustable parameter training combinations, the temperature, the adjustable ranges corresponding to the temperature, etc.

[0292] This second LT information may be located within the improved AN frame or within the improved LT frame, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0293] This Step 3 can be executed by the first device in-band or out-of-band. When the first device has the parsing ability, the first device parses the control frame in-band and executes Step 3 according to the second LT information included in the control frame. When the first device does not have the parsing ability, the first device stores the content of the control frame in a register, and the control system reads the register through the out-of-band CMIS interface and parses the control frame, so as to execute Step 3 according to the second LT information included in the control frame.

[0294] Phase 2 is an adjustment process, such as a preliminary adjustment process, including Step 4 to Step 6.

[0295] Step 4, adjust the initial optoelectronic parameters of the RX.

[0296] Step 5, adjust the initial optoelectronic parameters of the TX.

[0297] Step 6, adjust the LT algorithm conditions.

[0298] Among them, the initial optoelectronic parameters of the RX, the initial optoelectronic parameters of the TX, and the LT algorithm conditions all belong to the information that can be trained in the LT process in actual situations. The processes of Step 4 to Step 6 are, that is, the processes of determining the compensation amounts of the information that can be trained in the LT process in actual situations. Examples of the optoelectronic parameters and the LT algorithm conditions are given below.

[0299] Optoelectronic parameters: compensation amount of pre-emphasis, compensation amount of differential swing, compensation amount of common-mode voltage, compensation amount of impedance, compensation amount of frequency offset, compensation amount of jitter, compensation amount of DPD coefficient, compensation amount of AGC coefficient, compensation amount of CTLE coefficient, compensation amount of DSP coefficient, compensation amount of ASP coefficient, compensation amount of DFE coefficient, compensation amount of Float FFE coefficient, compensation amount of NLE coefficient, compensation amount of bandwidth, compensation amount of polarization, compensation amount of optical wavelength, compensation amount of linewidth spectrum, compensation amount of laneswap, compensation amount of differential pair polarity inversion, compensation amount of skew, encoding and decoding mode, compensation amount of power, compensation amount of ADCENOB, etc.

[0300] LT algorithm conditions: preset, adjustable parameter training combination, parameter adjustment range, step size, etc.

[0301] Steps 4 to 6 can be executed by the first device either in - band or out - of - band. For example, the first device parses the control frame in - band and executes Steps 4 to 6 according to the second LT information included in the control frame. Another example is that the first device stores the content of the control frame in a register, and the control system reads the register through the out - of - band CMIS interface, parses the control frame, and then executes Steps 4 to 6 according to the second LT information included in the control frame.

[0302] Phase 3 is another adjustment process, such as a precise adjustment process, including Steps 7 to 9.

[0303] Step 7, measure the signal quality of the RX and adjust the optoelectronic parameters of the peer - end TX.

[0304] The signal quality of the RX can be measured by means such as SNR, BER, etc. Step 7 can be executed by the first device either in - band or out - of - band. For example, the first device parses the control frame in - band and executes Step 7. Another example is that the first device stores the content of the control frame in a register, and the control system reads the register through the out - of - band CMIS interface, parses the control frame, and executes Step 7.

[0305] Step 8, each device is independent and supports segmented link establishment.

[0306] That is to say, different devices in the communication system can start the LT process separately and complete the LT process separately to achieve segmented link establishment.

[0307] Step 9, supports timeout or active re - training restart control.

[0308] For example, if the time spent in executing a certain Step is greater than the timeout threshold, or the total time spent in executing multiple Steps is greater than the timeout threshold, then restart control can be performed to re - execute a certain or multiple Steps. Another example is that the timeout threshold can be ignored, and when it is determined according to the actual situation that re - training is required, active restart control is performed.

[0309] This Step 9 can be implemented through the quiet function in the LT state machine. The timeout thresholds of different devices in the communication system can be set independently, and the timeout thresholds of the same device for different segments of the channel can also be set independently. Or rather, the timeout thresholds of SN 0 to SN 3 included in the AN process and ST 0 to ST 3 included in the LT process can all be set independently.

[0310] The automatic configuration of parameters can be completed through Step 1 to Step 9, and the establishment of a communication link can be completed according to the automatically configured parameters. Exemplarily, the embodiments of the present application support the storage of information and parameters by a device (including but not limited to all the information and parameters involved in the above Step 1 to Step 9, such as the information of all devices on the communication system and the information of each channel). When it is necessary to re - establish a communication link later, the information and parameters stored during the establishment of the communication link this time can be referred to, improving the reconstruction efficiency of the communication link.

[0311] In an exemplary embodiment, the loop - back function can be implemented between different devices through control frames for device or channel diagnosis.

[0312] In some embodiments, the device performs an internal loop - back. That is to say, the device transmits the generated control frame from the TX inside the device to the RX inside the device. If the transmission is successful, it indicates that the device itself has no fault, and the diagnosis of the device is completed.

[0313] In other embodiments, the device performs an external loop - back. That is to say, the device transmits the received control frame from the RX inside the device to the TX inside the device, and completes the diagnosis of the channel by returning the received control frame.

[0314] For example, taking a communication system including device A, device B, and device C as an example for illustration. When the loop - back function is not enabled, for the transmission direction from device A to device C, device A sends a control frame to device B, and device B sends a control frame to device C. After enabling the loop - back function, for the transmission direction from device A to device C, after device B receives the control frame sent by device A through the RX inside device B, in addition to sending a control frame to device C, device B can also transmit the control frame from the RX inside device B to the TX inside device B, so as to return the control frame to device A through the TX inside device B. If device A receives the control frame returned by device B, it indicates that the channel between device A and device B has no fault, thus completing the diagnosis of the channel. Of course, device C can also return the received control frame to device B to perform the diagnosis of the channel between device B and device C, which will not be elaborated here.

[0315] Of course, since the control frame carries the first LT information and the first extended information, during the diagnosis of the device or the channel, the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information can also be executed. The execution method has been described above and will not be elaborated here.

[0316] In the embodiments of the present application, Phase 1 to Phase 3 are independent of each other, and can be flexibly combined and sorted according to actual needs. For example, at least one of Phase 1, Phase 2 or Phase 3 can be selected for execution. When two Phases or three Phases are selected, the execution order of each Phase is not limited. In addition, Step 1 to Step 9 are also independent of each other, and can be flexibly combined and sorted according to actual needs. For example, at least one of Step 1 to Step 9 can be selected for execution. When multiple Steps are selected, the execution order of each Step is not limited.

[0317] Next, taking the Figure 12 shown scenario as an example, in combination with Figure 19 and Figure 20 the AN process and LT process of each first channel in the communication system will be illustrated by examples.

[0318] For example, assume that in the scenario shown in Figure 12 both optical modules are LPO optical modules with the standard architecture shown in Figure 9 and need to be connected to the control system through the out-of-band CMIS interface to implement the method provided in the embodiments of the present application. Then, referring to Figure 19 the process of automatic parameter configuration may include the following content, and the following content can be executed in parallel. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the execution order.

[0319] In the process of automatic parameter configuration for CHAN-1 (telecom channel) between the Host-Chip in the local device and the local optical module, Phase 1 and Phase 2 included in ST 1 are executed through the out-of-band CMIS to complete the channel estimation of the telecom channel and the preliminary adjustment of the parameters of the telecom channel. SN 1 is executed through the out-of-band CMIS to complete the automatic negotiation of the information of the in-board devices (including but not limited to the Host-Chip in the local device and the local optical module). Among them, the process of automatic parameter configuration for CHAN-1 (telecom channel) between the Host-Chip in the peer device and the peer optical module (for example Figure 19 ST 1 including Phase 2 in can be used to complete the preliminary adjustment of the parameters of the Host-Chip and the optical module), which can refer to the process of automatic parameter configuration for CHAN-1 at the local end and will not be elaborated here.

[0320] In the process of automatic parameter configuration for CHAN-0 (optical channel) between the local optical module and the peer optical module, Phase 1 and Phase 2 included in ST 0 are executed through the out-of-band CMIS to complete the estimation of the optical channel and the preliminary adjustment of the parameters of the optical channel.

[0321] During the process of automatic parameter configuration for CHAN-3 (including electrical channels and optical channels) between the Host-Chip in the local device and the Host-Chip in the peer device, Phase 1 and Phase 3 included in ST 3 are executed in-band to complete channel estimation for all channels and precise adjustment of the parameters of the Host-Chip. SN 3 is executed in-band to complete the automatic negotiation of information of inter-board devices (including but not limited to the Host-Chip in the local device and the Host-Chip in the peer device). When executing SN 3, the parameters automatically configured through ST 3, SN 1, and ST 0 can be referred to.

[0322] For another example, assume Figure 12 In the scenario shown, both optical modules are Figure 10 LPO optical modules with the improved architecture shown, without relying on the out-of-band CMIS interface, and the method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be executed in-band. Then refer to Figure 20 , the process of automatic parameter configuration may include the following content, and the following content can be executed in parallel. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the execution order.

[0323] During the process of automatic parameter configuration for CHAN-1 (electrical channel) between the Host-Chip in the local device and the local optical module, Phase 1 and Phase 2 (for electrical channel estimation and preliminary adjustment of electrical channel parameters), Phase 2 (i.e., Phase 2 is executed again, for preliminary adjustment of the parameters of the Host-Chip and the optical module, and the embodiments of the present application support independent preliminary adjustment of channel / device parameters and precise adjustment of parameters), and Phase 3 (for precise adjustment of the parameters of the Host-Chip and the optical module) included in ST 1 are executed in-band. SN 1 is executed in-band to complete the automatic negotiation of information of intra-board devices (including but not limited to the Host-Chip in the local device and the local optical module).

[0324] During the process of automatic parameter configuration for CHAN-0 (optical channel) between the local optical module and the peer optical module, Phase 1 and Phase 2 included in ST 0 are executed in-band to complete optical channel estimation and preliminary adjustment of optical channel parameters.

[0325] During the process of automatic parameter configuration for CHAN-3 (full channel) between the Host-Chip in the local device and the Host-Chip in the peer device, Phase 1 and Phase 3 included in ST 3 are executed in an in-band manner to complete channel estimation of the full channel and precise adjustment of the parameters of the Host-Chip. SN 3 is executed in an in-band manner to complete the automatic negotiation of inter-board devices (including but not limited to the Host-Chip in the local device and the Host-Chip in the peer device). When executing SN 3, the parameters automatically configured through ST 3, SN 0, and ST 0 can be referred to.

[0326] In summary, the present application provides a control frame. This control frame can not only carry the first LT information but also carry the first extended information, and has strong scalability. Based on this control frame, the first device can not only execute the function of the first LT information to obtain the control parameters of the link through the first functional training of link training, but also execute the function of the first extended information, making the automatically configured parameters richer and more accurate, and being relatively flexible and comprehensive.

[0327] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for automatic parameter configuration. This method is applied to a second device included in a communication system, and the communication system also includes a first device. As Figure 21 shown, this method includes the following steps 2101 and 2102.

[0328] Step 2101, the second device generates a control frame. The control frame includes the first LT information and the first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement the first function of link training. Link training refers to training the control parameters of the link between the first device and the second device. The first extended information includes at least one of AN information, second LT information, or LT control information. The AN information includes parameters for automatic negotiation between the first device and the second device. The second LT information is used to implement the second function of link training. The LT control information is used to control link training.

[0329] Among them, the second device includes at least one of all the devices in the communication system. The first device is any one of all the devices included in the communication system except the second device. Exemplarily, the second device includes at least one of an LPO optical module, a semi-heavy timing module, a CPO module, an NPO module, an AEC module, an ACC module, or a passive DAC module. Of course, the second device may also include an oDSP optical module, a host chip, a retimer, an AOC, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the second device.

[0330] In some embodiments, the second device generates the control frame in-band.

[0331] In some other embodiments, the second device generates a control frame, including: the second device fills a register with first LT information and first extension information; the second device reads the register and generates a control frame according to the read content. For example, the second device is connected to the control system through an out-of-band CMIS interface or the like. After the second device fills the register with the first LT information and the first extension information, the control system can read the register based on the CMIS interface, so as to generate a control frame according to the read content. For the description of the CMIS interface and the control system, reference can be made to the description in the third architecture above, which will not be elaborated here.

[0332] In some embodiments, the control frame is a modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extension information is located in the PRBS field of the modified LT frame. For this embodiment, reference can be made to the description in the first format above, which will not be elaborated here.

[0333] In some other embodiments, the control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extension information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame. For this embodiment, reference can be made to the description in the second format above, which will not be elaborated here. In a possible implementation manner, the modified LT frame includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the modified LT frame includes the first extension information.

[0334] In still some other embodiments, the control frame is a modified AN frame. The first extension information includes AN information, and the AN information is located in the base page of the modified AN frame. The information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the modified AN frame. For this embodiment, reference can be made to the description in the third format above, which will not be elaborated here. In a possible implementation manner, the base page of the modified AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0335] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame further includes second extension information, and the second extension information is different from the first extension information.

[0336] In a possible implementation manner, the LPO optical module, the CPO module or the NPO module includes a microcontroller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing function chip, and the method is applied to the microcontroller unit.

[0337] In a possible implementation manner, the second device further includes a retimer.

[0338] In a possible implementation manner, the first function includes a basic function, and the second function includes other functions except the first function.

[0339] Step 2102, the second device sends a control frame to the first device.

[0340] After the second device generates a control frame, the second device may send the generated control frame to the first device. For example, referring to Figure 15 , taking the second device as the local host chip and the first device as the local optical module as an example, the control frame generated by the second device includes information of the local host chip, such as the first LT information and the first extended information of the local host chip. After the second device generates the control frame, it sends the control frame to the local optical module.

[0341] Among them, Figure 21 The beneficial effects and implementation manners of the method for automatic parameter configuration shown in Figure 11 The beneficial effects and implementation manners of the method for automatic parameter configuration shown in

[0342] As Figure 22 shown, an embodiment of the present application further provides a method for automatic parameter configuration. The method is applied to a first device included in a communication system, and the communication system further includes a second device. The first device is located in a local device, and the second device is located in a peer device. The method includes the following steps 2201 and step 2202.

[0343] Step 2201, the first device receives a control frame sent by the second device. The control frame includes first LT information and first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement the function of link training, and the first extended information is used to implement the function between the local device and the peer device.

[0344] The first device includes at least one of all devices in the communication system, and the second device is any device other than the first device in the communication system, and the first device and the second device are located in different communication devices in the communication system. For example, referring to Figure 12 , the first device is an optical module of the local device, and the second device is an optical module of the peer device. Other examples are not elaborated here.

[0345] Link training refers to the control parameters of the link between the first device and the second device. Through the first LT information, the control parameters of the link between the first device and the second device can be trained. For example, the control parameters between the local device and the peer device. By establishing a link between the local device and the peer device through the control parameters, the communication quality based on the link can be improved. The control parameters that can be trained through the first LT information include FIR coefficients and preset parameters. Refer to Figure 11 the corresponding description of the method shown in

[0346] The first extension information is used to implement functions between the local device and the peer device. Or rather, the first extension information is control information between different devices in a communication system. For example, the first extension information includes energy efficiency control information between the local device and the peer device, which is used to improve the energy efficiency of communication between the local device and the peer device. For instance, through the first extension information, the coding and decoding modes between the local device and the peer device can be determined, such as modes like FEC interleaving, precoding, etc. The coding and decoding modes can affect the energy efficiency between the local device and the peer device.

[0347] Exemplarily, the first extension information may also include at least one of the AN information, the second LT information, or the LT control information described above. Refer to the corresponding description of the method shown in Figure 11 for details, which will not be elaborated here.

[0348] Step 2202, the first device executes the functions of the first LT information and the first extension information.

[0349] Since the control frame includes the first LT information and the first extension information, after the first device receives the control frame, it can execute the function of the first LT information to train and obtain the control parameters of the link between the first device and the second device. The first device can also execute the function of the first extension information, which plays an auxiliary role in the function of the first LT information. For example, when the first extension information includes energy efficiency control information, by executing the functions of the first LT information and the first extension information, after the first device and the second device perform link training and obtain the control parameters, a communication link can be established based on the trained control parameters, which can improve the energy efficiency of communication through the communication link, or rather, improve the energy efficiency after link training.

[0350] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extension information is located in the PRBS field of the modified LT frame.

[0351] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extension information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

[0352] In a possible implementation, the modified LT frame includes a first identifier, which is used to indicate that the next frame of the modified LT frame includes the first extension information.

[0353] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a modified AN frame. The first extension information includes AN information, and the AN information is located in the base page of the modified AN frame. The information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0354] In a possible implementation, the base page of the improved AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0355] In a possible implementation, the control frame further includes second extension information, and the second extension information is different from the first extension information.

[0356] After the first device receives the control frame sent by the second device, the method further includes: the first device fills the control frame with the reference information of the first device to obtain an updated control frame; the first device sends the updated control frame to a third device in the communication system, and the updated control frame is used for the third device to execute the functions of the information included in the updated control frame.

[0357] In a possible implementation, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extension information are located in different domain segments of the updated control frame.

[0358] In a possible implementation, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extension information are located in the same domain segment of the updated control frame, and the reference information is located before or after the first LT information and the first extension information.

[0359] In a possible implementation, the reference information of the first device includes information about the transmission channel of the first device.

[0360] In a possible implementation, there are multiple segments of the first channel between the first device and the second device. The first device executes the functions of the first LT information and the first extension information, including: the first device executes the functions of the first LT information and the first extension information in parallel for the multiple segments of the first channel.

[0361] In a possible implementation, the first device includes at least one of an LPO optical module, a semi - heavy timing module, a CPO module, an NPO module, an AEC module, an ACC module, or a passive DAC module.

[0362] In a possible implementation, the LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a microcontroller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing function chip, and the method is applied to the microcontroller unit.

[0363] In a possible implementation, the first device further includes a retimer.

[0364] In summary, the present application provides a control frame which can not only carry the first LT information, but also carry the first extended information, and has strong scalability. Based on this control frame, the first device can not only execute the function of the first LT information to obtain the control parameters of the link through the first functional training of link training, but also execute the function of the first extended information to assist the function of the first LT information. Thus, on the basis of the function of the first LT information, the function expansion between the local device and the peer device is realized. The function expansion can make the automatically configured parameters between different devices more abundant and accurate, more flexible and comprehensive, and is applicable to complex scenarios with high requirements for parameter accuracy and automatic configuration efficiency, such as complex scenarios with a large number of devices and various types of devices in a communication system.

[0365] Among them, Figure 22 the beneficial effects and implementation manners of the parameter automatic configuration method shown can refer to Figure 11 and Figure 21 the beneficial effects and implementation manners of the parameter automatic configuration method shown, which will not be elaborated here.

[0366] As Figure 23 shown, an embodiment of the present application further provides a parameter automatic configuration method, which is applied to a second device included in a communication system. The communication system further includes a first device. The second device is located in the local device, and the first device is located in the peer device. The method includes step 2301 and step 2302 as follows.

[0367] Step 2301, the second device generates a control frame, the control frame includes the first LT information and the first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement the function of link training, and the first extended information is used to implement the function between the local device and the peer device.

[0368] The second device includes at least one of all the devices in the communication system. The first device is any one of all the devices included in the communication system except the second device, and the first device and the second device are located in different devices in the communication system, such as in different switches. For the examples of the first device and the second device, reference can be made to step 2201 above, which will not be elaborated here.

[0369] Step 2302, the second device sends the control frame to the first device.

[0370] The second device can send a control frame to the first device in - band. Alternatively, the second device can also connect to the control system through an out - of - band CMIS interface or the like, and send a control frame to the first device through the control system. For example, the second device writes the content of the control frame into a register, and the control system reads the register through the out - of - band CMIS interface to obtain the content of the control frame, then the control system can generate a control frame and send the control frame to the first device.

[0371] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a modified LT frame, the first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the PRBS field of the modified LT frame.

[0372] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

[0373] In a possible implementation, the modified LT frame includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the modified LT frame includes the first extended information.

[0374] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a modified AN frame, the first extended information includes AN information, the AN information is located on the base page of the modified AN frame, and the information other than the AN information in the control frame is located on the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0375] In a possible implementation, the base page of the modified AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0376] In a possible implementation, the control frame further includes a second extended information, and the second extended information is different from the first extended information.

[0377] In a possible implementation, the second device includes at least one of an LPO optical module, a semi - heavy timing module, a CPO module, an NPO module, an AEC module, an ACC module, or a passive DAC module.

[0378] In a possible implementation, the LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a micro - controller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing function chip, and the method is applied to the micro - controller unit.

[0379] In a possible implementation, the second device further includes a retimer.

[0380] Among them, Figure 23 The beneficial effects and implementation manners of the shown method for automatic parameter configuration can be referred to Figure 22The beneficial effects and implementation manners of the method for automatic parameter configuration shown are not elaborated herein.

[0381] The method for automatic parameter configuration provided in the embodiments of the present application is introduced above. Corresponding to the above method, the embodiments of the present application further provide a device for automatic parameter configuration. Among them, the device is applied to a first device included in a communication system, and the communication system further includes a second device. The device is used to Figure 24 execute the method for automatic parameter configuration executed by the above-mentioned first device through each module shown Figure 11 shown. As Figure 24 shown, the device for automatic parameter configuration provided in the embodiments of the present application includes the following modules.

[0382] A receiving module 2401, configured to receive a control frame sent by the second device. The control frame includes first LT information and first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement a first function of link training. Link training refers to training control parameters of a link between the first device and the second device. The first extended information includes at least one of AN information, second LT information, or LT control information. The AN information includes parameters for automatic negotiation between the first device and the second device. The second LT information is used to implement a second function of link training. The LT control information is used to control link training;

[0383] An execution module 2402, configured to execute the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information.

[0384] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame is a modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the PRBS field of the modified LT frame.

[0385] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

[0386] In a possible implementation manner, the modified LT frame includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the modified LT frame includes the first extended information.

[0387] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame is a modified AN frame. The first extended information includes AN information, and the AN information is located in the base page of the modified AN frame. The information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0388] In a possible implementation manner, the base page of the modified AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0389] In a possible implementation, the control frame further includes second extension information, and the second extension information is located after the first extension information.

[0390] In a possible implementation, the apparatus further includes:

[0391] A filling module, configured to fill the control frame with reference information of a first device to obtain an updated control frame;

[0392] A sending module, configured to send the updated control frame to a third device in the communication system, and the updated control frame is used for the third device to execute the functions included in the updated control frame.

[0393] In a possible implementation, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extension information are located in different field segments in the updated control frame.

[0394] In a possible implementation, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extension information are located in the same field segment in the updated control frame, and the reference information is located before or after the first LT information and the first extension information.

[0395] In a possible implementation, the reference information of the first device includes information about the transmission channel of the first device.

[0396] In a possible implementation, there are multiple segments of a first channel between the first device and the second device; an execution module 2402 is configured to execute the functions of the first LT information and the functions of the first extension information in parallel for the multiple segments of the first channel.

[0397] In a possible implementation, the first device includes at least one of an LPO optical module, a semi - heavy timing module, a CPO module, an NPO module, an AEC module, an ACC module, or a passive DAC module.

[0398] In a possible implementation, the LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a micro - controller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing function chip, and the method is applied to the micro - controller unit.

[0399] In a possible implementation, the first device further includes a retimer.

[0400] An embodiment of this application further provides another apparatus for automatic parameter configuration. Among them, the apparatus is applied to a second device included in a communication system, and the communication system further includes a first device. The apparatus is used to perform the Figure 25 parameter automatic configuration method performed by the above - mentioned second device through the Figure 21 modules shown. As Figure 25As shown in the figure, the device for automatic parameter configuration provided by the embodiments of the present application includes the following several modules.

[0401] A generating module 2501, configured to generate a control frame, where the control frame includes first LT information and first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement a first function of link training, and link training refers to training control parameters of a link between a first device and a second device. The first extended information includes at least one of AN information, second LT information, or LT control information. The AN information includes parameters for automatic negotiation between the first device and the second device. The second LT information is used to implement a second function of link training, and the LT control information is used to control link training.

[0402] A sending module 2502, configured to send the control frame to the first device.

[0403] In a possible implementation manner, the generating module 2501 is configured to fill the first LT information and the first extended information into a register; read the register to generate a control frame.

[0404] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame is a modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the PRBS field of the modified LT frame.

[0405] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

[0406] In a possible implementation manner, the modified LT frame includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the modified LT frame includes the first extended information.

[0407] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame is a modified AN frame. The first extended information includes AN information, and the AN information is located in the base page of the modified AN frame. The information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0408] In a possible implementation manner, the base page of the modified AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0409] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame further includes second extended information, and the second extended information is different from the first extended information.

[0410] In a possible implementation manner, the second device includes at least one of an LPO optical module, a semi - heavy timing module, a CPO module, an NPO module, an AEC module, an ACC module, or a passive DAC module.

[0411] In a possible implementation, the LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a microcontroller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing function chip, and the method is applied to the microcontroller unit.

[0412] In a possible implementation, the second device further includes a retimer.

[0413] In a possible implementation, the first function includes a basic function, and the second function includes other functions except the first function.

[0414] The embodiment of the present application further provides another device for automatic parameter configuration. Among them, the device is applied to the first device included in the communication system, the communication system further includes a second device, the first device is located at the local device, and the second device is located at the peer device. The device is used to Figure 26 execute the parameter automatic configuration method executed by the above-mentioned first device through the Figure 22 shown each module. As Figure 26 shown, the device for automatic parameter configuration provided by the embodiment of the present application includes the following several modules.

[0415] The receiving module 2601 is used to receive the control frame sent by the second device. The control frame includes the first LT information and the first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement the function of link training, and the first extended information is used to implement the function between the local device and the peer device;

[0416] The execution module 2602 is used to execute the function of the first LT information and the function of the first extended information.

[0417] In a possible implementation, the improved LT frame includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the improved LT frame includes the first extended information.

[0418] In a possible implementation, the control frame is an improved AN frame, the first extended information includes AN information, the AN information is located on the base page of the improved AN frame, and the information other than the AN information in the control frame is located on the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0419] In a possible implementation, the base page of the improved AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the improved AN frame.

[0420] In a possible implementation, the control frame further includes a second extended information, and the second extended information is different from the first extended information.

[0421] In a possible implementation, the device further includes: a filling module, configured to fill the control frame with the reference information of the first device to obtain an updated control frame; a sending module, configured to send the updated control frame to a third device in the communication system, where the updated control frame is used for the third device to execute the functions included in the updated control frame.

[0422] In a possible implementation, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in different field segments of the updated control frame.

[0423] In a possible implementation, the reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in the same field segment of the updated control frame, and the reference information is located before or after the first LT information and the first extended information.

[0424] In a possible implementation, the reference information of the first device includes information about the transmission channel of the first device.

[0425] In a possible implementation, the execution module 2602 is configured to execute the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information in parallel for multiple segments of the first channel.

[0426] In a possible implementation, the first device includes at least one of an LPO optical module, a semi - heavy timing module, a CPO module, an NPO module, an AEC module, an ACC module, or a passive DAC module.

[0427] In a possible implementation, the LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a microcontroller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing function chip, and the device is applied to the microcontroller unit.

[0428] In a possible implementation, the first device further includes a retimer.

[0429] The embodiments of the present application further provide another device for automatic parameter configuration. Among them, the device is applied to a second device included in a communication system. The communication system further includes a first device. The second device is located at the local device, and the first device is located at the peer device. The device is used to perform the Figure 27 parameter automatic configuration method performed by the above - mentioned second device through the Figure 23 shown respective modules. As Figure 27 shown, the device for automatic parameter configuration provided by the embodiments of the present application includes the following several modules.

[0430] The generation module 2701 is configured to generate a control frame, where the control frame includes first LT information and first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement the function of link training, and the first extended information is used to implement the function between the local device and the peer device;

[0431] A sending module 2702, configured to send a control frame to a first device.

[0432] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a modified LT frame, the first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the PRBS field of the modified LT frame.

[0433] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame, the first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

[0434] In a possible implementation, the modified LT frame includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the modified LT frame includes the first extended information.

[0435] In a possible implementation, the control frame is a modified AN frame, the first extended information includes AN information, the AN information is located in the base page of the modified AN frame, and the information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0436] In a possible implementation, the base page of the modified AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0437] In a possible implementation, the control frame further includes second extended information, and the second extended information is different from the first extended information.

[0438] In a possible implementation, the second device includes at least one of an LPO optical module, a semi - heavy timing module, a CPO module, an NPO module, an AEC module, an ACC module, or a passive DAC module.

[0439] In a possible implementation, the LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a micro - controller unit configured with a digital - to - analog signal processing functional chip, and the device is applied to the micro - controller unit.

[0440] In a possible implementation, the second device further includes a retimer.

[0441] It should be understood that when the above - mentioned Figures 24 to 27 shown device implements its functions, the beneficial effects it has are the same as those of the Figure 11 、 Figures 21 to 23 shown method. Figures 24 to 27When the device shown realizes its functions, only the division of the above-mentioned functional modules is used for illustration. In actual applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the device provided in the above embodiment and the method embodiment belong to the same concept. For the specific implementation process, please refer to the method embodiment and will not be elaborated here.

[0442] The embodiment of the present application also provides a control frame. The control frame includes first LT information and first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement the first function of link training. Link training refers to training the control parameters of the link between the first device and the second device in the communication system. The first extended information includes at least one of AN information, second LT information, or LT control information. The AN information includes parameters for automatic negotiation between the first device and the second device. The second LT information is used to implement the second function of link training. The LT control information is used to control link training.

[0443] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame is a modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the PRBS field of the modified LT frame.

[0444] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

[0445] In a possible implementation manner, the modified LT frame includes a first identifier, and the first identifier is used to indicate that the next frame of the modified LT frame includes the first extended information.

[0446] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame is a modified AN frame. The first extended information includes AN information, and the AN information is located in the base page of the modified AN frame. The information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0447] In a possible implementation manner, the base page of the modified AN frame includes a second identifier, and the second identifier is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the modified AN frame.

[0448] In a possible implementation manner, the control frame further includes second extended information, and the second extended information is located after the first extended information.

[0449] Exemplarily, the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device. The communication device includes a processor and a receiver. The receiver is used to receive the control frame, and the processor is used to process the control frame so that the communication device realizes Figure 11 orFigure 22 The method for automatic parameter configuration as shown

[0450] In an exemplary embodiment, the embodiment of the present application provides another communication device. The communication device includes a processor and a transmitter. The processor is used to generate a control frame, and the transmitter is used to transmit the control frame so that the communication device realizes Figure 21 or Figure 22 The method for automatic parameter configuration as shown

[0451] Exemplarily, the embodiment of the present application provides a chip. The chip includes an interface circuit and a control circuit. The interface circuit is used to receive and transmit data, and the control circuit is used to process the data so that a device installed with the chip realizes any method for automatic parameter configuration provided by the embodiment of the present application. For example Figure 11 、 Figure 21 、 Figure 22 or Figure 23 The method for automatic parameter configuration as shown

[0452] Exemplarily, the embodiment of the present application provides a communication system. The communication system includes a first device and a second device. The first device is used to realize Figure 11 or Figure 22 The method for automatic parameter configuration as shown, and the second device is used to realize Figure 21 or Figure 23 The method for automatic parameter configuration as shown

[0453] The embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device. The communication device includes at least one device, and the device is used to execute the method for automatic parameter configuration provided by the embodiment of the present application. For example, the device is used to execute Figure 11 、 Figure 21 、 Figure 22 or Figure 23 The method for automatic parameter configuration shown in at least one of the attached drawings. Or rather, the device has at least one of the functions of the first device or the second device provided by the embodiment of the present application

[0454] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in this application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more integrated available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid-state disk), etc.

[0455] In this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish identical or similar items with basically the same function and role. It should be understood that there is no logical or temporal dependence between "first", "second", and "nth", nor are the quantity and execution order limited. It should also be understood that although the following description uses terms such as first and second to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by the terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.

[0456] It should also be understood that in various embodiments of this application, the magnitude of the sequence number of each process does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0457] In this application, the meaning of the term "at least one" refers to one or more, and the meaning of the term "multiple" refers to two or more. For example, multiple devices refer to two or more devices. In this article, the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably.

[0458] It should be understood that the terms used in the description of the various examples herein are only for the purpose of describing specific examples and are not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various examples and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0459] It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The term "and / or" describes the associative relationship of associated objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this application generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0460] It should further be understood that the terms "if" and "when" can be interpreted to mean "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting". Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if determined..." or "if [the stated condition or event] is detected" can be interpreted to mean "when determining..." or "in response to determining..." or "when [the stated condition or event] is detected" or "in response to detecting [the stated condition or event]".

[0461] The above are only embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the principles of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for automatic parameter configuration, characterized in that, The method is applied to a first device included in a communication system, which further includes a second device. The method includes: The first device receives a control frame sent by the second device. The control frame includes first link training (LT) information and first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement a first function of link training. Link training refers to training control parameters of a link between the first device and the second device. The first extended information includes at least one of auto-negotiation (AN) information, second LT information, or LT control information. The AN information includes parameters for auto-negotiation between the first device and the second device. The second LT information is used to implement a second function of the link training. The LT control information is used to control the link training. The first device executes the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The control frame is a modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the pseudo-random code sequence (PRBS) field of the modified LT frame.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein The modified LT frame includes a first identifier, which is used to indicate that the next frame of the modified LT frame includes the first extended information.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The control frame is a modified AN frame. The first extended information includes the AN information, and the AN information is located in the base page of the modified AN frame. The information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the modified AN frame.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein The base page of the modified AN frame includes a second identifier, which is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the modified AN frame.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that The control frame further includes second extended information, which is different from the first extended information.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that After the first device receives the control frame sent by the second device, the method further includes: The first device fills the control frame with reference information of the first device to obtain an updated control frame. The first device sends the updated control frame to a third device in the communication system, and the updated control frame is used for the third device to execute the functions of the information included in the updated control frame.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein The reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in different domain segments of the updated control frame.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein The reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in the same domain segment of the updated control frame, and the reference information is located after the first LT information and the first extended information.

11. According to the method described in any one of claims 8-10, characterized in that, The reference information of the first device includes information about the transmission channel of the first device.

12. According to the method described in any one of claims 1-11, characterized in that, There are multiple segments of a first channel between the first device and the second device. The first device executes the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information, including: The first device performs the functions of the first LT information and the functions of the first extended information in parallel for the multi-segment first channel.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The first device includes at least one of a linear drive pluggable optical LPO optical module, a semi-heavy timing module, a co-packaged optical CPO module, a near-packaged optical NPO module, an active electrical cable AEC module, an active copper cable ACC module, or a passive direct attach cable DAC module.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein The LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a microcontroller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing function chip, and the method is applied to the microcontroller unit.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that The first device further includes a retimer.

16. The method according to any one of claims 1-15, characterized in that, The first function includes a basic function, and the second function includes other functions except the first function.

17. A method for automatic parameter configuration, characterized in that, The method is applied to a second device included in a communication system, and the communication system further includes a first device. The method includes: The second device generates a control frame, which includes first link training LT information and first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement a first function of link training, where the link training refers to training control parameters of a link between the first device and the second device. The first extended information includes at least one of auto-negotiation AN information, second LT information, or LT control information. The AN information includes parameters for auto-negotiation between the first device and the second device. The second LT information is used to implement a second function of the link training, and the LT control information is used to control the link training. The second device sends the control frame to the first device.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein The second device generating a control frame includes: The second device fills the first LT information and the first extended information into a register. The second device reads the register and generates the control frame according to the read content.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, The control frame is a modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the pseudo-random code sequence PRBS field of the modified LT frame.

20. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, The control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

21. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that The control frame is a modified AN frame. The first extended information includes the AN information, and the AN information is located in the base page of the modified AN frame. Information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the modified AN frame.

22. The method according to any one of claims 17-21, characterized in that, The second device includes at least one of a linear drive pluggable optical LPO optical module, a semi-heavy timing module, a co-packaged optical CPO module, a near-packaged optical NPO module, an active electrical cable AEC module, an active copper cable ACC module, or a passive direct attach cable DAC module.

23. An apparatus for automatic parameter configuration, characterized in that, The apparatus is applied to a first device included in a communication system, and the communication system further includes a second device. The apparatus includes: A receiving module, configured to receive a control frame sent by the second device, where the control frame includes first link training (LT) information and first extended information, the first LT information is used to implement a first function of link training, and the link training refers to training control parameters of a link between the first device and the second device. The first extended information includes at least one of auto-negotiation (AN) information, second LT information, or LT control information. The AN information includes parameters for auto-negotiation between the first device and the second device. The second LT information is used to implement a second function of the link training, and the LT control information is used to control the link training. An execution module, configured to execute the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information.

24. The device according to claim 23, wherein, The control frame is a modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the pseudo-random code sequence (PRBS) field of the modified LT frame.

25. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that, The control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

26. The device according to claim 25, characterized in that, The modified LT frame includes a first identifier, which is used to indicate that the next frame of the modified LT frame includes the first extended information.

27. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that, The control frame is a modified AN frame. The first extended information includes the AN information, and the AN information is located in the base page of the modified AN frame. Information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the modified AN frame.

28. The device according to claim 27, wherein The base page of the modified AN frame includes a second identifier, which is used to indicate the existence of the next page of the modified AN frame.

29. The device according to any one of claims 23-28, characterized in that, The control frame further includes second extended information, which is different from the first extended information.

30. The device according to any one of claims 23-29, characterized in that, The device further includes: A filling module, configured to fill the control frame with reference information of the first device to obtain an updated control frame. A sending module, configured to send the updated control frame to a third device in the communication system, and the updated control frame is used for the third device to execute the functions of the information included in the updated control frame.

31. The device according to claim 30, characterized in that, The reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in different domain segments of the updated control frame.

32. The device according to claim 30, wherein The reference information, the first LT information, and the first extended information are located in the same domain segment of the updated control frame, and the reference information is located after the first LT information and the first extended information.

33. The device according to any one of claims 30 - 32, characterized in that, The reference information of the first device includes information about the transmission channel of the first device.

34. The device according to any one of claims 23-33, characterized in that, There are multiple segments of a first channel between the first device and the second device. The execution module is configured to execute the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information in parallel for the multiple segments of the first channel.

35. The device according to any one of claims 23-34, characterized in that, The first device includes at least one of a linear drive pluggable optical LPO optical module, a semi - retiming module, a co - packaged optics CPO module, a near - packaged optics NPO module, an active electrical cable AEC module, an active copper cable ACC module, or a passive direct - attach cable DAC module.

36. The device according to claim 35, characterized in that, The LPO optical module, the CPO module, or the NPO module includes a microcontroller unit configured with a digital / analog signal processing functional chip, and the method is applied to the microcontroller unit.

37. The device according to claim 35 or 36, characterized in that, The first device further includes a retimer.

38. An apparatus for automatic parameter configuration, characterized in that The apparatus is applied to a second device included in a communication system, and the communication system further includes a first device. The apparatus includes: A generation module, configured to generate a control frame, where the control frame includes first link training LT information and first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement a first function of link training, and the link training refers to training control parameters of a link between the first device and the second device. The first extended information includes at least one of auto - negotiation AN information, second LT information, or LT control information. The AN information includes parameters for auto - negotiation between the first device and the second device. The second LT information is used to implement a second function of the link training, and the LT control information is used to control the link training. A sending module, configured to send the control frame to the first device.

39. The device according to claim 38, characterized in that, The generation module is configured to fill the first LT information and the first extended information into a register; read the register to generate the control frame.

40. The device according to claim 38 or 39, characterized in that, The control frame is a modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the pseudo - random code sequence PRBS field of the modified LT frame.

41. The device according to claim 38 or 39, characterized in that, The control frame is a combination of a modified LT frame and the next frame of the modified LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the modified LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the modified LT frame.

42. The device according to claim 38 or 39, characterized in that The control frame is a modified AN frame. The first extended information includes the AN information, and the AN information is located in the base page of the modified AN frame. Information other than the AN information in the control frame is located in the next page of the modified AN frame.

43. The device according to any one of claims 38 to 42, characterized in that, The second device includes at least one of a linear drive pluggable optical LPO optical module, a semi - retiming module, a co - packaged optics CPO module, a near - packaged optics NPO module, an active electrical cable AEC module, an active copper cable ACC module, or a passive direct - attach cable DAC module.

44. A method for automatic parameter configuration, characterized in that, The method is applied to a first device included in a communication system, and the communication system further includes a second device. The first device is located at a local device, and the second device is located at a peer device. The method includes: The first device receives a control frame sent by the second device. The control frame includes first link training LT information and first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement the function of link training, and the first extended information is used to implement the function between the local device and the peer device. The first device performs the functions of the first LT information and the first extended information.

45. The method according to claim 44, characterized in that, The control frame is an improved LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the improved LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the pseudo-random code sequence (PRBS) field of the improved LT frame.

46. The method according to claim 44, wherein The control frame is a combination of an improved LT frame and the next frame of the improved LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the improved LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the improved LT frame.

47. The method according to claim 44, wherein The control frame is an improved auto-negotiation (AN) frame. The first extended information includes the AN information, which is located in the base page of the improved AN frame, and the information in the control frame other than the AN information is located in the next page of the improved AN frame.

48. A method for automatic parameter configuration, characterized in that, The method is applied to a second device included in a communication system. The communication system further includes a first device. The second device is located at the local device, and the first device is located at the peer device. The method includes: The second device generates a control frame, which includes first link training (LT) information and first extended information. The first LT information is used to implement the function of link training, and the first extended information is used to implement the function between the local device and the peer device. The second device sends the control frame to the first device.

49. The method according to claim 48, wherein The control frame is an improved LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the improved LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the pseudo-random code sequence (PRBS) field of the improved LT frame.

50. The method according to claim 48, wherein, The control frame is a combination of an improved LT frame and the next frame of the improved LT frame. The first LT information is located in the control status field of the improved LT frame, and the first extended information is located in the next frame of the improved LT frame.

51. The method according to claim 48, characterized in that, The control frame is an improved auto-negotiation (AN) frame. The first extended information includes the AN information, which is located in the base page of the improved AN frame, and the information in the control frame other than the AN information is located in the next page of the improved AN frame.

52. An apparatus for automatic parameter configuration, characterized in that, The apparatus is applied to a first device included in a communication system. The communication system further includes a second device. The apparatus includes: A receiving module, configured to perform the receiving step in the method for automatic parameter configuration according to any one of claims 44 - 47. An execution module, configured to perform the steps other than receiving in the method for automatic parameter configuration according to any one of claims 44 - 47.

53. An apparatus for automatically configuring parameters, characterized in that, The apparatus is applied to a second device included in a communication system. The communication system further includes a first device. The apparatus includes: A generating module, configured to perform the steps other than sending in the method for automatic parameter configuration according to any one of claims 48 - 51. A sending module, configured to perform the sending step in the method for automatic parameter configuration according to any one of claims 48 - 51.

54. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor and a receiver. The receiver is configured to receive a control frame, and the processor is configured to process the control frame so that the communication device implements the method for automatic parameter configuration according to any one of claims 1 - 16, 44 - 47.

55. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes a processor and a transmitter. The processor is configured to generate a control frame, and the transmitter is configured to transmit the control frame so that the communication device implements the method for automatically configuring any one of the parameters recited in claims 17-22 and 48-51.

56. A chip, characterized in that, The chip includes an interface circuit and a control circuit. The interface circuit is configured to transmit and receive data, and the control circuit is configured to process the data so that a device installed with the chip implements the method for automatically configuring any one of the parameters recited in claims 1-22 and 44-51.

57. A communication system, characterized in that, The communication system includes a first device and a second device. The first device is configured to implement the method for automatically configuring any one of the parameters recited in claims 1-16 and 44-47, and the second device is configured to implement the method for automatically configuring any one of the parameters recited in claims 17-22 and 48-51.

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