Personalized follow-up system based on postoperative vital sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of human spine measurement and analysis, and specifically to a personalized follow-up system based on postoperative physical sign data of patients with spinal brittle fractures. The present invention first obtains follow-up related data of target patients and historical patients through a data acquisition module; further analyzes the target patient's bone cement adaptability and the rehabilitation trend index at each follow-up in a recovery assessment module, and obtains the bone deformation recovery degree of each non-first follow-up; further sets the target patient's first preset number of follow-ups in a follow-up scheduling module; for each non-fixed follow-up, according to the changes in bone deformation recovery degree of the two most recent follow-ups and analyzing the urgency of the follow-up, adjust the preset follow-up interval to arrange the follow-up time. This solution dynamically evaluates the bone deformation recovery degree by fixing the early follow-up time, and combines the changes in bone density of the vertebrae adjacent to the lesion to accurately reflect the fracture recovery trend, thereby optimizing the subsequent follow-up arrangements and rehabilitation strategies, and improving the follow-up efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of human spine measurement and analysis, and in particular to a personalized follow-up system based on postoperative physical sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures. Background Art

[0002] Spinal fragility fractures refer to fractures caused by the inherent fragility of bones under normal or mild external forces. The occurrence of such fractures is closely related to diseases such as osteoporosis. For patients with spinal fragility fractures, percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) is often used for treatment and repair. Personalized follow-up of patients after surgery can achieve comprehensive management from surgical success to functional recovery.

[0003] Traditionally, personalized follow-up durations for patients with spinal fragility fractures after PVP are often fixed. In practice, PVP requires the injection of bone cement into the fracture site to strengthen the vertebral body. Individual differences in bone density, recovery capacity, and bone cement compatibility among patients lead to varying postoperative rehabilitation needs, making traditional fixed follow-up durations inadequately adaptable. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem that traditional fixed follow-up durations are insufficiently adaptable to patients, the present invention aims to provide a personalized follow-up system based on postoperative vital sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures. The technical solutions employed are as follows:

[0005] Data acquisition module: acquires follow-up related data of target patients and historical patients; the follow-up related data at least includes patient age, bone cement injection volume, vertebral volume, bone density of each vertebra and physical sign data;

[0006] Recovery Assessment Module: Obtain the target patient's bone cement compatibility based on the age and vertebral volume differences between the target patient and historical patients with the same bone cement injection volume; Obtain the target patient's recovery improvement index at each follow-up visit based on the abnormal physical sign data of the target patient at each follow-up visit, combined with the bone cement compatibility and spinal deformation performance; Obtain the target patient's bone deformation recovery degree at each non-first follow-up visit based on the changing characteristics of the target patient's recovery improvement index;

[0007] Follow-up scheduling module: The first preset number of follow-up times for the target patient are fixed; for each non-fixed follow-up: based on the difference in bone density between the affected vertebra and the non-affected vertebra in the target patient's spine before surgery, combined with the recovery performance of the vertebrae adjacent to the lesion at the most recent follow-up, the follow-up urgency factor is obtained; based on the changes in the bone deformation recovery degree between the last two follow-ups, combined with the follow-up urgency factor and the preset follow-up interval, the follow-up time is arranged.

[0008] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the bone cement compatibility includes:

[0009] The bone cement compatibility of the target patient is obtained based on the younger age of the target patient compared to historical patients with the same bone cement injection volume, combined with the larger vertebral body volume.

[0010] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the rehabilitation improvement index includes:

[0011] The vital sign data includes at least the number of breaths per minute and blood oxygen saturation; the follow-up related data also includes a spinal CT image; obtaining the morphological angle formed by the lesion location in the spinal CT image and the endpoints on both sides of the spine;

[0012] For each follow-up: the leakage tendency of the target patient is obtained based on the degree of abnormality of the target patient's respiratory rate and the blood oxygen saturation compared with the index standard; based on the difference between the morphological angle at the follow-up and the morphological angle when the target patient was hospitalized, combined with the leakage tendency and the bone cement compatibility, the recovery trend index of the target patient at each follow-up is obtained.

[0013] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the morphological angle includes:

[0014] In each of the spinal CT images, two vectors are obtained with the center point of the patient's lesion area as the starting point and the two boundary endpoints of the spine as the end points. The minimum angle between the two vectors in each CT image is obtained as the morphological angle of the spine.

[0015] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the bone deformation recovery degree includes:

[0016] For each non-first follow-up, the rehabilitation improvement index of the target patient in the existing follow-up record is fitted with a straight line to obtain the slope of the fitting line; based on the slope and the mean of all existing rehabilitation improvement indexes, the corresponding bone deformation recovery degree at the non-first follow-up is obtained.

[0017] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the follow-up urgency factor includes:

[0018] The follow-up urgency factor was obtained based on the degree of lower bone density of the affected vertebra in the target patient's spine before surgery compared with the bone density of the non-lesioned vertebrae, combined with the increase in bone density of the vertebrae adjacent to the lesion at the most recent follow-up compared with the bone density of the same area when the patient was hospitalized.

[0019] Furthermore, the method for arranging follow-up time includes:

[0020] When the bone deformation recovery degree of the two most recent follow-up visits shows an upward trend, the reciprocal of the follow-up urgency factor and the preset follow-up interval are integrated to obtain a revised time interval; the reciprocal of the follow-up urgency factor is positively correlated with the revised time interval;

[0021] When the bone deformation recovery degree in the two most recent follow-up visits does not show an upward trend, the follow-up urgency factor and the preset follow-up interval are integrated to obtain a revised time interval; the follow-up urgency factor is negatively correlated with the revised time interval.

[0022] Furthermore, after each follow-up, the next follow-up time is arranged; when the follow-up-related data show that the fragility fracture patient has reached the full recovery standard, the follow-up is terminated.

[0023] Furthermore, the time interval between the first preset number of follow-up visits of the target patient is fixed at 30 days.

[0024] Furthermore, the minimum preset number is 3.

[0025] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention first obtains the follow-up related data of the target patient and historical patients in the data acquisition module to provide a data basis; further, in the recovery assessment module, the bone cement adaptability of the target patient is analyzed, and the abnormal manifestations of the physical sign data and the spinal deformation manifestations at each follow-up are combined to obtain the target patient's recovery trend index at each follow-up to characterize the strength of the patient's recovery trend; further, based on the change characteristics of the target patient's recovery trend index, the bone deformation recovery degree of the target patient at each non-first follow-up is obtained, so as to adjust the follow-up time for subsequent analysis of whether the recovery is accelerated, slowed down or stagnated. The module provides a basis for the follow-up time; further, a preset number of fixed follow-ups are set for the target patient in the follow-up scheduling module; for each non-fixed follow-up, the severity of the disease is reflected according to the difference in bone density between the affected vertebrae and the non-affected vertebrae in the spine, and the recovery performance of the vertebrae adjacent to the lesion at the most recent follow-up is combined to obtain the follow-up urgency factor, which characterizes the urgency of the target patient's follow-up for the next follow-up period; finally, based on the changes in bone deformation recovery between the two most recent follow-ups, combined with the follow-up urgency factor and the preset follow-up interval, the follow-up time is arranged to develop a personalized follow-up plan for the target patient. This plan dynamically evaluates the bone deformation recovery degree by fixing the initial follow-up time, and combines the changes in bone density of the vertebrae adjacent to the lesion to accurately reflect the fracture recovery trend, thereby optimizing subsequent follow-up arrangements and rehabilitation strategies, improving follow-up efficiency, and reducing the risk of re-fracture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A system block diagram of a personalized follow-up system based on postoperative physical sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a spinal column morphology angle provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a fitting line of a rehabilitation optimization index provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] To further illustrate the technical means and effectiveness of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, describes in detail the specific implementation, structure, features, and effectiveness of a personalized follow-up system based on postoperative vital sign data from patients with spinal fragility fractures. In the following description, references to different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.

[0032] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0033] The following describes in detail a specific solution of a personalized follow-up system based on postoperative physical sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0034] See also Figure 1 , which shows a system block diagram of a personalized follow-up system based on postoperative physical sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes: a data acquisition module 101, a recovery assessment module 102 and a follow-up scheduling module 103.

[0035] Data acquisition module 101: Acquires follow-up related data of target patients and historical patients; the follow-up related data at least includes patient age, bone cement injection volume, vertebral volume, bone density of each vertebra and physical sign data.

[0036] Personalized follow-up of patients after surgery can help doctors understand the patient's postoperative recovery more comprehensively, so as to formulate targeted postoperative care strategies, which can effectively improve the treatment effect of the disease and greatly reduce the probability of fracture recurrence.

[0037] In an embodiment of the present invention, the patient currently being analyzed is taken as the target patient. First, follow-up related data of the target patient and historical patients are obtained to facilitate analysis of various data of the target patient, and historical patients are used for comparison to analyze the patient's recovery status.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present invention, the patient's age information, as well as the bone cement injection volume and vertebral volume information recorded during surgery, are obtained through the hospital information recording system. During a single follow-up visit, various data of the target patient are obtained, including spinal information, respiratory data, blood oxygen data, bone density data, and vital sign data, as follows:

[0039] The patient's average number of breaths per minute was obtained through a respiratory monitor and recorded as respiratory data; the patient's blood oxygen saturation data was obtained through a blood oxygen monitor; the patient's spinal morphology CT image data was obtained through CT; and the bone density data of each vertebra of the patient's spine was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.

[0040] The vertebral volume is the total volume of the vertebral parts of the patient's entire spine. Specifically, thin-slice CT scanning (slice thickness ≤ 1 mm) can be used to capture images covering the target vertebra. DICOM data is imported and threshold segmentation (Hounsfield unit setting, such as 150-2000 HU) is used to distinguish bone tissue. The vertebral boundaries are further manually or semi-automatically outlined (avoiding pedicles, spinous processes, and other attachments). The software automatically calculates the volume (cm³ or mm³). Mimics or 3D Slicer can be used as the software, both of which are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0041] Recovery assessment module 102: Obtain the target patient's bone cement compatibility based on the target patient's age difference and vertebral volume difference with historical patients with the same bone cement injection volume; obtain the target patient's rehabilitation improvement index at each follow-up based on the abnormal manifestations of the target patient's physical sign data at each follow-up, combined with the bone cement compatibility and spinal deformation manifestations; obtain the target patient's bone deformation recovery degree at each non-first follow-up based on the changing characteristics of the target patient's rehabilitation improvement index.

[0042] Taking into account the condition of the same bone cement injection volume, the age difference between the target patient and the corresponding historical patient represents the difference in bone healing ability, and the difference in vertebral volume represents the difference in pressure inside the vertebral body after surgery. Therefore, based on the age difference and vertebral volume difference between the target patient and the historical patient with the same bone cement injection volume, the bone cement adaptability of the target patient is obtained to characterize the adaptability of the target patient's bone cement, providing a basis for subsequent analysis of the patient's recovery.

[0043] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, considering that under the conditions of the same bone cement injection volume, the younger the target patient is, the stronger the target patient's own bone healing ability is, the faster the fracture site heals after surgery, and the higher the adaptability is; at the same time, the larger the vertebral volume is, the smaller the pressure inside the vertebral body after surgery, the smaller the risk is, and the higher the adaptability is, so the bone cement adaptability of the target patient is obtained based on the younger age of the target patient compared to historical patients with the same bone cement injection volume, combined with the larger vertebral volume.

[0044] As an example, the average age and average vertebral volume of historical patients who received the same bone cement injection volume as the target patient are obtained; the ratio of the average age to the target patient's age is used as the first adaptation factor, where the target patient's age is in the denominator; the difference between the target patient's vertebral volume and the average vertebral volume is linearly normalized and used as the second adaptation factor, where the target patient's vertebral volume is the minuend;

[0045] The product of the first adaptation factor and the second adaptation factor is used as the bone cement adaptation degree of the target patient.

[0046] The first adaptation factor represents the age difference between the target patient and historical patients with the same bone cement injection volume. The younger the target patient is, the larger the first adaptation factor is and the higher the adaptability is. The second adaptation factor represents the vertebral volume difference between the target patient and historical patients with the same bone cement injection volume. The larger the target patient's vertebral volume is, the larger the second adaptation factor is and the higher the adaptability is.

[0047] It should be noted that the linear normalization is performed under the corresponding data dimension. For example, the second adaptation factor is the data dimension of the difference between the vertebral volume of each target patient and the corresponding average vertebral volume. The normalization adopted in the embodiment of the present invention can adopt this method. The specific technical means are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0048] When the patient's postoperative combination with bone cement is poor, it may cause bone cement to leak into the spinal canal or intervertebral foramen, causing compression of the nerve roots or spinal cord, and causing abnormal manifestations in the patient's physical sign data; considering that changes in spinal morphology reflect the patient's motor recovery effect, the abnormal manifestations of the target patient's physical sign data at each follow-up are based on the bone cement adaptability and spinal deformation manifestations, and the target patient's recovery trend index at each follow-up is obtained to characterize the strength of the patient's recovery trend, which is convenient for subsequent analysis of the target patient's recovery trend changes and obtain the bone deformation recovery degree.

[0049] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the vital sign data includes at least the number of breaths per minute and blood oxygen saturation; the follow-up related data also includes spinal CT images;

[0050] Considering that bone cement leakage into the spinal canal or intervertebral foramen can cause nerve root or spinal cord compression, which may lead to pulmonary embolism, and the physical signs of pulmonary embolism are increased respiratory rate and decreased blood oxygen saturation, the abnormal manifestations of these two physical signs of the patient can be analyzed based on the index standard to reflect the degree of leakage tendency of the patient;

[0051] Considering that excessive range of motion in patients' daily lives may cause excessive stress on the spine, resulting in deformation of the spine, which is not conducive to the patient's postoperative recovery, the morphological angle formed by the lesion location in the spinal CT image and the endpoints on both sides of the spine is obtained, which represents the patient's spinal morphology when the spinal CT image is collected; considering the patient's hospitalization, the morphological angle at the time of the patient's hospitalization is used as the benchmark. A large change in the morphological angle indicates a large change in the patient's spinal morphology, and the postoperative rehabilitation effect is worse.

[0052] Based on this, for each follow-up: the leakage tendency of the target patient is obtained based on the abnormality of the target patient's respiratory rate and blood oxygen saturation compared with the index standard;

[0053] Based on the difference between the morphological angle at follow-up and the morphological angle of the target patient at hospitalization, combined with the leakage tendency and bone cement compatibility, the rehabilitation improvement index of the target patient at each follow-up was obtained.

[0054] As an example, in each spinal CT image, the center point of the patient's lesion area is used as the starting point, and the two boundary endpoints of the spine are used as the end points to obtain two vectors. The minimum angle between the two vectors in each CT image is obtained as the morphological angle of the spine. Figure 2 , which shows a schematic diagram of a spinal column morphology angle provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 The mid-fracture position is the patient's lesion position. A vector is drawn from the center point of the fracture position to the two spinal endpoints to obtain two unilateral endpoint vectors. The minimum angle between the two unilateral endpoint vectors is taken as the morphological angle of the spine.

[0055] It should be noted that the target patients are at least 60 years old and above, and the normal range of respiratory rate is generally 16 to 25, in times / minute; the implementers can take the median of the normal range as the standard value, or uniformly take the maximum value of the normal range as the standard value; when the patient himself has a disease that affects the number of respiratory times and blood oxygen saturation, such as asthma, the corresponding standard value can be adjusted by professionals according to actual conditions.

[0056] Take the middle value here and set the standard value of the number of breaths per minute to 20.5; Under normal circumstances, the normal blood oxygen saturation of a person should not be lower than 94%, so the standard value of blood oxygen saturation is set to 94%;

[0057] The ratio of the target patient's respiratory rate per minute to the standard value of respiratory rate per minute is used as the first abnormal physical sign factor. The higher the target patient's respiratory rate per minute compared to the standard value, the higher the respiratory rate, and the more likely bone cement leakage is to occur. The ratio of the standard value of blood oxygen saturation to the target patient's blood oxygen saturation is used as the second abnormal physical sign factor. The lower the target patient's blood oxygen saturation, the more likely it is that pulmonary embolism is present and bone cement leakage is more likely to occur. The product of the first abnormal physical sign factor and the second abnormal physical sign factor is used as the leakage tendency of the target patient, representing the abnormal manifestation of the target patient's physical sign data at each follow-up.

[0058] The cosine value of the absolute value of the difference between the target patient's morphological angle at follow-up and the morphological angle at hospitalization was used as the numerator, the leakage tendency was used as the denominator, and the linear normalization result of the fractional ratio was used as the recovery improvement index of the target patient at the corresponding follow-up.

[0059] The difference in morphological angles is expressed by the absolute value of the difference, and the unit is converted by taking the cosine, which represents the spinal deformation of the target patient after discharge. The leakage tendency is negatively correlated by taking the reciprocal. The more normal the physical sign data, the smaller the leakage tendency, the smaller the spinal deformation of the patient after discharge, the better the bone cement running-in effect, the stronger the trend of recovery of the target patient during follow-up, and the larger the recovery improvement index.

[0060] It should be noted that when there are multiple CT scans during hospitalization, the last one taken before hospitalization is taken as a reference; the implementer can also start from the unilateral endpoint vector corresponding to the spinal endpoint closer to the human head, and rotate clockwise to another unilateral endpoint vector, and the rotation angle is used as the morphological angle of the spine.

[0061] Considering that the progress of target patients' rehabilitation can be evaluated by analyzing the changes in rehabilitation optimization indicators at different periods, the bone deformation recovery degree of target patients at each non-first follow-up visit is obtained based on the change characteristics of the target patients' rehabilitation optimization indicators to reveal whether the rehabilitation is accelerated, slowed down or stagnated, providing a basis for subsequent adjustment of follow-up time.

[0062] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, considering that the rehabilitation improvement index is mapped to a two-dimensional coordinate system according to the follow-up order and linear fitting is performed, the changing trend of the rehabilitation improvement index can be observed more intuitively. Therefore, for each non-first follow-up, the rehabilitation improvement index of the target patient in the existing follow-up records is linearly fitted;

[0063] See also Figure 3 , which shows a schematic diagram of a fitting straight line of a rehabilitation optimization index provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3The horizontal axis is the follow-up order, the vertical axis is the data value axis of the rehabilitation improvement index, the circles represent the rehabilitation improvement sample points, corresponding to a single rehabilitation improvement index, a total of 6; the dotted straight line is the fitting line, and the linear fitting adopts the existing least squares method. Figure 3 Corresponding to the 6th follow-up.

[0064] Considering that the larger the slope of the fitting line, the stronger the increasing trend of the rehabilitation optimization index, and the higher the recovery degree of the target patient; at the same time, the larger the mean value of all rehabilitation optimization indexes, the stronger the overall recovery trend of the target patient in all existing follow-up records, and the higher the recovery degree of the target patient, so the slope of the fitting line is obtained; according to the slope and the mean value of all existing rehabilitation optimization indexes, the corresponding bone deformation recovery degree at the non-first follow-up is obtained.

[0065] As an example, the product of the slope of the fitting line of the rehabilitation optimization index corresponding to each non-first follow-up and the mean value of the rehabilitation optimization index is linearly normalized and used as the bone deformation recovery degree at the corresponding non-first follow-up.

[0066] Among them, since it was impossible to analyze the changes in rehabilitation improvement indicators at the first follow-up, the bone deformation recovery degree at the first follow-up was not calculated.

[0067] Follow-up scheduling module 103: The target patient's first preset number of follow-up times are fixed; for each non-fixed follow-up: based on the difference in bone density between the affected vertebra and the non-affected vertebra in the target patient's spine before surgery, combined with the recovery performance of the vertebra adjacent to the affected vertebra at the most recent follow-up, a follow-up urgency factor is obtained; based on the changes in bone deformation recovery between the last two follow-ups, combined with the follow-up urgency factor and the preset follow-up interval, the follow-up time is arranged.

[0068] Considering that in the early stage of recovery, the first few follow-up visits at fixed time points can collect continuous and stable recovery trend data, thereby analyzing the patient's postoperative recovery, facilitating the subsequent adjustment of follow-up time according to the patient's postoperative recovery condition, formulating personalized follow-up plans, and improving adaptability to target patients.

[0069] In one embodiment of the present invention, the minimum preset number is 3. As an example, the preset number is 3, the time for the first three follow-up visits of the target patient is fixed, and the time interval is set to 30 days. The first 30 days after discharge is the first follow-up visit, and the next follow-up time is arranged after each follow-up visit. When the follow-up-related data shows that the patient with brittle fracture has reached the full recovery standard, the follow-up visit is terminated.

[0070] Non-fixed follow-up is the follow-up after the target patient's first few fixed-time follow-ups. After the initial fixed-time follow-up, the follow-up time can be adjusted according to the patient's postoperative recovery and a personalized follow-up plan can be formulated; considering that the location of the patient's spinal fracture and the bone density distribution before surgery can reflect the severity of the disease, and the spinal deformation of the patient after surgery can further reflect the mechanical force of the spine during the recovery process, and the mechanical force is related to the change in bone density, which in turn affects the bone performance. Therefore, based on the difference in bone density between the diseased vertebra and the non-lesioned vertebra in the target patient's spine before surgery, combined with the recovery performance of the vertebrae adjacent to the lesion at the most recent follow-up, the follow-up urgency factor of the target patient is obtained to characterize the urgency of the target patient's follow-up in the next follow-up period.

[0071] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, considering that fragility fracture patients often have osteoporotic manifestations and that the bone density of each vertebra in the spine varies due to different degrees of osteoporosis, the lower the bone density corresponding to the vertebra where the fracture occurred, the more attention should be paid to the follow-up analysis of the target patient;

[0072] Considering that the better the target patient's recovery, the fractured vertebra will recover and gradually bear the normal mechanical load. The stress burden originally "compensated" by the adjacent vertebrae will begin to return to normal, promoting the recovery and reconstruction of the adjacent vertebrae. Under the influence of treatment, systemic metabolism and local microenvironment, bone density will gradually increase.

[0073] Based on this, the follow-up urgency factor is obtained according to the degree of lower bone density of the affected vertebra in the target patient's spine before surgery compared with the bone density of the non-lesioned vertebra, combined with the increase in the bone density of the vertebrae adjacent to the lesion at the most recent follow-up compared with the bone density of the same area when the patient was hospitalized.

[0074] As an example, the affected vertebra is the vertebra where the patient has a fracture, and the non-affected vertebra is the vertebra other than the fracture; the adjacent vertebra is the vertebra connected to the patient's fractured vertebra, and the average value is taken when there are two connected vertebrae; when there are multiple bone density measurement results during hospitalization, the last one before hospitalization is taken;

[0075] The difference between the mean bone density of the non-lesioned vertebrae in the target patient's spine before surgery and the bone density of the lesioned vertebrae is used as the independent variable. After mapping through the exponential function exp(x) with the natural constant e as the base, the mapped value is used as the first urgency factor, reflecting the difference in bone density between the lesioned vertebrae and the non-lesioned vertebrae in the patient's spine before surgery. x is the independent variable, and the mean bone density of the non-lesioned vertebrae is the minuend. The larger the difference obtained, the smaller the bone density of the lesioned vertebrae in the spine compared to the non-lesioned vertebrae, and the more urgent the follow-up.

[0076] The bone density of the vertebrae adjacent to the lesion at the target patient's most recent follow-up was used as the denominator, the bone density of the same area at the patient's hospitalization was used as the numerator, and the fractional ratio was used as the second urgency factor, reflecting the recovery performance of the vertebrae adjacent to the lesion at the most recent follow-up. The larger the fractional ratio, the smaller the increase in bone density of the vertebrae adjacent to the lesion at the most recent follow-up, the worse the recovery effect, and the more urgent the follow-up.

[0077] The product of the first urgency factor and the second urgency factor is linearly normalized and used as the follow-up urgency factor for the target patient at the most recent follow-up visit. For example, at the sixth follow-up visit, the follow-up urgency factor for the seventh follow-up visit is obtained.

[0078] In another embodiment of the present invention, considering that the smaller the bone deformation recovery degree is, the worse the recovery effect is and the more urgent the follow-up is, the bone deformation recovery degree is also combined, and the inverse of the bone deformation recovery degree, the product of the first urgency factor and the second urgency factor are linearly normalized and used as the follow-up urgency factor for the next follow-up obtained by the target patient in the most recent follow-up.

[0079] In different calculation methods, when linear normalization is performed on the product, it is performed in the data dimension of each calculation method.

[0080] Considering that the changes in bone deformation recovery between the two most recent follow-up visits represent the target patient's recent postoperative recovery, and the follow-up urgency factor represents the urgency of the patient's need for follow-up, the follow-up time is arranged based on the changes in bone deformation recovery between the two most recent follow-up visits, combined with the follow-up urgency factor and the preset follow-up interval, and a personalized follow-up plan is formulated for the target patient to improve the suitability and effectiveness of follow-up.

[0081] Preferably, in one embodiment of the present invention, the two most recent visits refer to the two visits before the next follow-up visit. For example, when formulating the seventh follow-up visit schedule, the fifth and sixth visits are used as the basis. Considering that the most recent bone deformation recovery shows an upward trend, the patient's recovery is better, and the follow-up interval can be extended. On the contrary, if the bone deformation recovery of the patient in the two most recent follow-up visits does not show an upward trend, it indicates that the patient's postoperative recovery has stagnated or even deteriorated, and a shorter follow-up interval is required.

[0082] Based on this, when the bone deformation recovery between the two most recent follow-up visits shows an upward trend, the reciprocal of the follow-up urgency factor and the preset follow-up interval are combined to obtain the revised time interval; the reciprocal of the follow-up urgency factor is positively correlated with the revised time interval;

[0083] When the bone deformation recovery degree in the two most recent follow-up visits did not show an upward trend, the follow-up urgency factor and the preset follow-up interval were fused to obtain the revised time interval; the follow-up urgency factor was negatively correlated with the revised time interval.

[0084] As an example, the calculation formula for the correction time interval includes:

[0085] ;

[0086] Where, It means that the degree of bone deformation recovery between the two most recent follow-up visits showed an upward trend; This means that the bone deformation recovery degree in the last two follow-ups did not show an upward trend. Indicates the correction time interval; Indicates rounding up; Indicates the urgency factor for follow-up; represents the preset follow-up interval; represents the linear normalization function.

[0087] In this example, T=60, the unit is days, In this case, the time interval for the next follow-up can be increased. The smaller the follow-up urgency factor is, the greater the increase can be and the larger the revised time interval is. In this case, the time interval for the next follow-up needs to be reduced. At this time, the greater the follow-up urgency factor, the greater the reduction required and the smaller the revised time interval.

[0088] In other embodiments of the present invention, W can also be used as an independent variable and negative correlation mapping can be performed through a negative correlation mapping function, such as exp(-x). , get the corrected time interval.

[0089] After obtaining the revised time interval, the next follow-up period is selected based on the revised time interval adapted for patients with brittle bones. When new follow-up period data exists, the historical follow-up records are updated, and the next follow-up adaptation is completed.

[0090] After each follow-up visit, the recorder will pass the follow-up information to the nursing doctor, who will decide on the corresponding nursing strategy.

[0091] Finally, when the care strategy indicates that the patient with a fragility fracture has reached the criteria for complete recovery, the personalized follow-up process ends.

[0092] In summary, in response to the technical problem that the traditional fixed follow-up time is not adaptable enough to patients, the present invention proposes a personalized follow-up system based on the postoperative physical sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures. The present invention first obtains the follow-up related data of the target patient and the historical patients through the data acquisition module; further analyzes the bone cement adaptability of the target patient and the rehabilitation optimization index at each follow-up in the recovery assessment module, and obtains the bone deformation recovery degree of each non-first follow-up; further sets the first preset number of follow-ups for the target patient in the follow-up scheduling module; for each non-fixed follow-up, according to the changes in the bone deformation recovery degree of the two most recent follow-ups and the analysis of the urgency of the follow-up, adjusts the preset follow-up interval to arrange the follow-up time. This solution dynamically evaluates the bone deformation recovery degree by fixing the early follow-up time, and combines the changes in the bone density of the vertebrae adjacent to the lesion to accurately reflect the fracture recovery trend, thereby optimizing the subsequent follow-up arrangements and rehabilitation strategies, improving the follow-up efficiency, and reducing the risk of re-fracture.

[0093] It should be noted that the order in which the embodiments of the present invention are described above is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential order shown to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0094] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A personalized follow-up system based on postoperative physical sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures, characterized by: The system comprises: Data acquisition module: acquires follow-up related data of target patients and historical patients; the follow-up related data at least includes patient age, bone cement injection volume, vertebral volume, bone density of each vertebra and physical sign data; Recovery Assessment Module: Obtain the target patient's bone cement compatibility based on the age and vertebral volume differences between the target patient and historical patients with the same bone cement injection volume; Obtain the target patient's recovery improvement index at each follow-up visit based on the abnormal physical sign data of the target patient at each follow-up visit, combined with the bone cement compatibility and spinal deformation performance; Obtain the target patient's bone deformation recovery degree at each non-first follow-up visit based on the changing characteristics of the target patient's recovery improvement index; Follow-up scheduling module: The target patient's first preset number of follow-up visits are fixed; for each non-fixed follow-up visit: the follow-up urgency factor is obtained based on the difference in bone density between the affected vertebra and the non-affected vertebra in the target patient's spine before surgery, combined with the recovery performance of the vertebra adjacent to the affected vertebra at the most recent follow-up visit; the follow-up time is arranged based on the changes in the bone deformation recovery degree between the most recent two follow-ups, combined with the follow-up urgency factor and the preset follow-up interval; The method for obtaining the bone cement compatibility includes: The bone cement compatibility of the target patient is obtained based on the younger age of the target patient compared to historical patients with the same bone cement injection volume, combined with the larger vertebral body volume.

2. A personalized follow-up system based on postoperative vital sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the rehabilitation improvement index includes: The vital sign data includes at least the number of breaths per minute and blood oxygen saturation; the follow-up related data also includes a spinal CT image; obtaining the morphological angle formed by the lesion location in the spinal CT image and the endpoints on both sides of the spine; For each follow-up: the leakage tendency of the target patient is obtained based on the degree of abnormality of the target patient's respiratory rate and the blood oxygen saturation compared with the index standard; based on the difference between the morphological angle at the follow-up and the morphological angle when the target patient was hospitalized, combined with the leakage tendency and the bone cement compatibility, the recovery trend index of the target patient at each follow-up is obtained.

3. A personalized follow-up system based on postoperative vital sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the morphological angle includes: In each of the spinal CT images, two vectors are obtained with the center point of the patient's lesion area as the starting point and the two boundary endpoints of the spine as the end points. The minimum angle between the two vectors in each CT image is obtained as the morphological angle of the spine.

4. A personalized follow-up system based on postoperative vital sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the bone deformation recovery degree includes: For each non-first follow-up, the rehabilitation improvement index of the target patient in the existing follow-up record is fitted with a straight line to obtain the slope of the fitting line; based on the slope and the mean of all existing rehabilitation improvement indexes, the corresponding bone deformation recovery degree at the non-first follow-up is obtained.

5. The personalized follow-up system based on postoperative vital sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for obtaining the follow-up urgency factor includes: The follow-up urgency factor was obtained based on the degree of lower bone density of the affected vertebra in the target patient's spine before surgery compared with the bone density of the non-lesioned vertebrae, combined with the increase in bone density of the vertebrae adjacent to the lesion at the most recent follow-up compared with the bone density of the same area when the patient was hospitalized.

6. A personalized follow-up system based on postoperative vital sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for arranging follow-up time includes: When the bone deformation recovery degree of the two most recent follow-up visits shows an upward trend, the reciprocal of the follow-up urgency factor and the preset follow-up interval are integrated to obtain a revised time interval; the reciprocal of the follow-up urgency factor is positively correlated with the revised time interval; When the bone deformation recovery degree in the two most recent follow-up visits does not show an upward trend, the follow-up urgency factor and the preset follow-up interval are integrated to obtain a revised time interval; the follow-up urgency factor is negatively correlated with the revised time interval.

7. A personalized follow-up system based on postoperative vital sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: After each follow-up, the next follow-up time was arranged; when the follow-up data showed that the fragility fracture patient had reached the complete recovery standard, the follow-up was terminated.

8. The personalized follow-up system based on postoperative vital sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The time interval between the first preset number of follow-up visits for the target patient is fixed at 30 days.

9. The personalized follow-up system based on postoperative vital sign data of patients with spinal fragility fractures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The minimum preset number is 3.

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