Ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance online monitoring method and related equipment thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mine ventilation and resistance monitoring, and particularly provides an ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance online monitoring method and related equipment thereof.The method mainly comprises the steps that original sound wave features collected by an ultrasonic transducer array are obtained, and an initial feature data set is generated through integration; based on the initial feature data set and the underground propagation calibration value, a dust propagation resistance time difference set is generated through fusion; analyzing a roadway space grid according to the dust propagation resistance time difference set, and generating a resistance hot area distribution map; calculating a grading resistance state index through dynamic flow field comparison of a resistance hot area distribution map; and generating a space coordinate safety instruction according to a positioning result of the graded resistance state index. According to the method, interference of multiple factors such as dust on sound wave propagation in a complex environment can be accurately corrected, the calculation precision of the propagation time difference value is remarkably improved, roadway resistance distribution analysis and safety instruction space coordinate generation are optimized, and the accuracy and reliability of mine ventilation monitoring are practically guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of mine ventilation and resistance monitoring, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance online monitoring method and related equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the field of mine ventilation and resistance monitoring, various sensing means are often used to collect data, and wind measurement and resistance monitoring are realized by analyzing physical quantities such as sound waves and airflows. Generally, the propagation characteristics of sound waves are utilized. After collecting the original sound wave information, preliminary processing is carried out, and the propagation time difference is calculated by combining simple calibration data, so as to analyze the relevant parameters of the roadway space, and then the resistance distribution map is drawn. Then, based on the map, the flow field is compared and the resistance state is solved, and finally a safety instruction is generated.

[0003] However, the mine environment is complex and there are many interference factors such as dust. When the sound wave propagation is affected by dust, due to insufficient precise correction of the propagation characteristics and anti-interference fusion processing, it is easy to cause calculation deviation of the propagation time difference, resulting in inaccurate analysis of the roadway space and inaccurate drawing of the resistance map. Furthermore, it affects the accuracy of the resistance state solution, resulting in limited accuracy of the spatial coordinate of the generated safety instruction and making it difficult to reliably meet the requirements of safe and efficient mine ventilation monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application effectively solves the problem in the prior art that the lack of in-depth adaptability processing of multi-factor interference in complex environments during mine ventilation and resistance monitoring results in limited accuracy of the spatial coordinate of the generated safety instruction. It can precisely correct complex environmental interference, improve the calculation accuracy of the propagation time difference, optimize the resistance distribution analysis and instruction generation, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of mine ventilation monitoring.

[0005] To achieve the above object, this application adopts the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, this application provides an ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance online monitoring method, including: Obtain the original sound wave characteristics collected by the ultrasonic transducer array and integrate them to generate an initial characteristic data set.

[0006] Based on the initial characteristic data set and the underground propagation calibration value, fuse to generate an anti-dust propagation time difference set.

[0007] Analyze the roadway space grid according to the anti-dust propagation time difference set to generate a resistance hot zone distribution map.

[0008] By comparing the dynamic flow field of the resistance hot zone distribution map, solve the hierarchical resistance state index.

[0009] Generate a spatial coordinate safety instruction according to the positioning result of the hierarchical resistance state index.

[0010] Further, obtain the original acoustic wave features collected by the ultrasonic transducer array and integrate them to generate an initial feature data set, including: Obtain the absolute completion time of the measured effective echo signal in the opposite propagation direction; calculate the absolute value of the frequency difference between the carrier frequency of the effective echo signal and the carrier frequency of the transmitted signal, denoted as the frequency offset eigenvalue.

[0011] Bind the absolute completion time and the frequency offset eigenvalue of the same path and integrate them into the initial feature data set.

[0012] Among them, the time delay of the effective echo signal is within the range of the maximum propagation time of the preset roadway.

[0013] Further, based on the initial feature data set and the downhole propagation calibration value, fuse and generate a set of anti-dust propagation time differences, including: According to the frequency offset eigenvalue of each path in the initial feature data set, combined with the downhole ultrasonic propagation speed calibration value, calculate the frequency offset equivalent time correction amount; according to the absolute completion time in the opposite direction of each path in the initial feature data set, calculate the basic propagation time difference.

[0014] Superimpose the basic propagation time difference and the frequency offset equivalent time correction amount to generate a fused anti-interference propagation time difference.

[0015] Generate a set of fused propagation time differences including the fused anti-interference propagation time differences of all paths.

[0016] Further, based on the set of anti-dust propagation time differences, analyze the roadway space grid and generate a resistance hot zone distribution map, including: Based on the pre-constructed three-dimensional digital model of the roadway, construct a roadway space grid model.

[0017] Using the set of fused propagation time differences, combined with the position of the ultrasonic path in the roadway space grid model, calculate the wind speed vector value at the grid node position.

[0018] Calculate the spatial change gradient value of the wind speed vector values of adjacent grid nodes.

[0019] Mark the resistance influence hot zone and the reference area of the reference flow field according to the spatial change gradient value.

[0020] Further, mark the resistance influence hot zone and the reference area of the reference flow field according to the spatial change gradient value, including: Set a first threshold and a second threshold.

[0021] Identify grid nodes with spatial variation gradient values exceeding the first threshold and mark them as hot spots affected by resistance; identify grid nodes with spatial variation gradient values below the second threshold and mark them as the reference area of the baseline flow field.

[0022] Furthermore, by comparing the dynamic flow fields of the resistance heat zone distribution map, calculate the hierarchical resistance state index, including: Extract the wind speed vector values of the grid nodes in the reference area of the baseline flow field and calculate the average baseline wind speed vector value.

[0023] For each grid node in the hot spot affected by resistance: calculate the wind speed vector difference between the wind speed vector value and the average baseline wind speed vector value; based on the wind speed vector difference and the node ventilation cross-sectional area, calculate the dynamic resistance factor.

[0024] Aggregate the dynamic resistance factors to generate a comprehensive resistance state evaluation value.

[0025] When the comprehensive resistance state evaluation value exceeds the preset warning threshold and the hot spot affected by resistance coincides with the coordinates of the gas sensor, trigger the resistance-gas coupling warning mark.

[0026] Furthermore, according to the positioning results of the hierarchical resistance state index, generate spatial coordinate-based safety instructions, including: Locate the physical blockage points according to the spatial distribution coordinates of the hot spots affected by resistance and associate with the roadway equipment database.

[0027] Set the third threshold. If the change rate of the dynamic resistance factor reaches the third threshold and the coordinates of the air door are located, generate an air door opening adjustment instruction; if the resistance-gas coupling warning mark is activated, generate a strong ventilation instruction + personnel evacuation instruction; if the hot spot affected by resistance persists for a specified time, generate an inspection robot cleaning instruction.

[0028] Map the dynamic resistance factor to the three-dimensional digital model of the roadway to generate a real-time resistance heat map.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present application provides an ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance on-line monitoring system, which includes: Original acoustic wave feature acquisition module: Obtain the original acoustic wave features collected by the ultrasonic transducer array and integrate them to generate an initial feature data set.

[0030] Anti-dust propagation feature fusion module: Based on the initial feature data set and the in-mine propagation calibration value, fuse to generate a set of anti-dust propagation time differences.

[0031] Roadway space grid analysis module: Analyze the roadway space grid according to the set of anti-dust propagation time differences to generate a resistance heat zone distribution map.

[0032] Drag state dynamic calculation module: Calculate the hierarchical drag state index through the dynamic flow field comparison of the drag heat zone distribution map.

[0033] Safety instruction coordinate generation module: Generate spatially coordinated safety instructions according to the positioning results of the hierarchical drag state index.

[0034] Thirdly, the present application provides an ultrasonic precise wind measurement and drag on-line monitoring device, which includes a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor is used to implement the steps of the ultrasonic precise wind measurement and drag on-line monitoring method described in the first aspect when executing the computer program.

[0035] Fourthly, a readable storage medium stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are read and run by a processor, the steps of the ultrasonic precise wind measurement and drag on-line monitoring method described in the first aspect are executed.

[0036] Advantages of the present application: Based on the ultrasonic array to collect acoustic wave characteristics to form an initial data set, combined with the underground calibration value to fuse anti-dust time difference data, analyze and generate a roadway drag heat zone map, and calculate the hierarchical drag index through flow field comparison. According to the index positioning result, output spatially coordinated safety instructions, effectively solving the problem in the prior art that the lack of in-depth adaptation processing of multi-factor interference in complex environments during mine ventilation and drag monitoring results in limited accuracy of the spatially coordinated safety instruction generation. It can accurately correct the interference of multi-factors such as dust in complex environments on acoustic wave propagation, significantly improve the calculation accuracy of the propagation time difference, optimize the analysis of roadway drag distribution and the generation of spatially coordinated safety instructions, and effectively ensure the accuracy and reliability of mine ventilation monitoring.

[0037] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the subsequent specification, and some of them will become obvious from the specification or be understood by implementing the present application. The objectives and other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained through the structures pointed out in the specification and the drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0039] Figure 1 Shows a schematic flow chart of an ultrasonic precise wind measurement and drag on-line monitoring method of the present application; Figure 2 It shows a schematic diagram of the modules of an ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance on-line monitoring system of the present application. Specific embodiments

[0040] In order to solve the problems proposed in the background art, the present application forms an initial data set based on the acoustic wave characteristics collected by an ultrasonic array, combines the downhole calibration values to fuse the anti-dust time difference data, analyzes and generates a roadway resistance hot zone map, and calculates the hierarchical resistance index through flow field comparison. According to the index positioning result, a spatially coordinated safety instruction is output, which can accurately correct the interference in complex environments, improve the calculation accuracy of the propagation time difference, optimize the resistance distribution analysis and instruction generation, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of mine ventilation monitoring.

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0042] In some embodiments, as Figure 1 shown, the present application provides an ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance on-line monitoring method, including: S1. Obtain the original acoustic wave characteristics collected by the ultrasonic transducer array and integrate them to generate an initial characteristic data set.

[0043] S2. Based on the initial characteristic data set and the downhole propagation calibration value, fuse and generate an anti-dust propagation time difference set.

[0044] S3. Analyze the roadway space grid according to the anti-dust propagation time difference set and generate a resistance hot zone distribution map.

[0045] S4. Through the dynamic flow field comparison of the resistance hot zone distribution map, calculate the hierarchical resistance state index.

[0046] S5. Generate a spatially coordinated safety instruction according to the positioning result of the hierarchical resistance state index.

[0047] In some embodiments, in S1, obtaining the original acoustic wave characteristics collected by the ultrasonic transducer array and integrating them to generate an initial characteristic data set includes: S11. Obtain the absolute completion time of the measured effective echo signal in the opposite propagation direction; calculate the absolute value of the frequency difference between the carrier frequency of the effective echo signal and the carrier frequency of the transmitted signal, which is denoted as the frequency offset characteristic value; wherein, the time delay of the effective echo signal is within the range of the maximum propagation time of the preset roadway.

[0048] Deploy an ultrasonic transducer array at the key nodes of the mine roadway to cover the main roadway, branch roadways, and airtight wall areas.

[0049] Control the ultrasonic transducer to emit an ultrasonic emission signal in the direction of the target roadway. The receiving end captures the ultrasonic echo signal on the propagation path and validates the received ultrasonic echo signal. Only the ultrasonic echo signals with time delays within the preset maximum propagation time range of the roadway are selected as valid echo signals.

[0050] The preset maximum propagation time range of the roadway is calculated based on the nominal propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in mine air (340 m / s) and the maximum straight-line distance measurement of the roadway (e.g., 1500 m), with an additional 20% safety margin. The specific formula is: ; where represents the threshold value of the maximum propagation time range, represents the maximum straight-line distance measurement of the roadway, represents the nominal propagation speed.

[0051] Obtain the absolute completion time of the measured valid echo signal in the opposite propagation direction. Exemplarily, the absolute completion time of the valid echo signal from transmitter A to receiver B is and the absolute completion time of the valid echo signal from transmitter B to receiver A is .

[0052] The main frequency of the valid echo signal can be analyzed through fast Fourier transform and the carrier frequency of the transmitted signal . Calculate according to the formula to obtain the frequency offset eigenvalue .

[0053] S12. Bind the absolute completion time and the frequency offset eigenvalue of the same path and integrate them into an initial feature data set.

[0054] The initial feature data set includes the path number, transmitter, receiver, and frequency offset eigenvalue .

[0055] In some embodiments, in S2, based on the initial feature data set and the downhole propagation calibration value, a dust-resistant propagation time difference set is generated by fusion, including: S21. According to the frequency offset eigenvalue of each path in the initial feature data set, combined with the downhole ultrasonic propagation speed calibration value, calculate the frequency offset equivalent time correction amount; according to the absolute completion time in the opposite direction of each path in the initial feature data set, calculate the basic propagation time difference.

[0056] Dust causes the attenuation of acoustic wave energy, making the actual propagation speed lower than the ideal value (340 m / s), quantize the velocity deviation through the eigenvalue of frequency shift, and calculate the equivalent time correction amount of frequency shift according to the linear mapping relationship : ; where k represents the attenuation coefficient of the mine roadway, which can be determined through in-mine calibration tests, and the typical value is 0.018 .

[0057] Calculate the propagation time difference between two opposite directions according to the formula , if , , then .

[0058] S22. Superimpose the basic propagation time difference and the equivalent time correction amount of frequency shift to generate a fused anti-interference propagation time difference.

[0059] If , it represents that the air flow is from A to B, then the fused anti-interference propagation time difference ; if , it represents that the air flow is from B to A, then the fused anti-interference propagation time difference , thereby being able to eliminate the asymmetric interference of dust on the measurement of the downwind and upwind.

[0060] S23. Generate a set of fused propagation time differences including the fused anti-interference propagation time differences of all paths.

[0061] The set of fused propagation time differences includes the path number and the fused anti-interference propagation time difference .

[0062] In some embodiments, in S3, the roadway space grid is analyzed based on the set of anti-dust propagation time differences to generate a resistance hot zone distribution map, including: S31. Based on the pre-constructed three-dimensional digital model of the roadway, construct a roadway space grid model.

[0063] Based on the pre-constructed three-dimensional digital model of the roadway (including the centerline coordinates, cross-sectional dimensions, and slope data of the roadway), discretize the physical space into structured grid units.

[0064] When discretizing, reference points can be generated along the centerline direction of the roadway, and the spacing of the reference points is dynamically adjusted according to the roadway shape. For example, the spacing of the reference points in the straight section is 2 meters, and the reference points in the curved section (radius of curvature ≤ 30 meters) are encrypted to a spacing of 0.5 meters, etc. At the reference points, grid nodes are generated according to the cross-sectional dimensions on the plane perpendicular to the centerline of the roadway.

[0065] Each grid node is associated with position coordinates (x, y, z) and ventilation cross-sectional area A, and the grid topological connection relationship is stored as an adjacency matrix to obtain the roadway space grid model.

[0066] S32. Use the set of fusion propagation time differences, and combine with the position of the ultrasonic wave path in the roadway space grid model to calculate the wind speed vector value at the grid node position.

[0067] Call the fusion anti-interference propagation time difference in the set of fusion propagation time differences , and combine with the spatial topological relationship between the ultrasonic wave path and the roadway space grid model to establish an overdetermined system of equations: ; Solve the wind speed vector value at the grid node position through the least squares method, including the magnitude and direction components.

[0068] S33. Calculate the spatial change gradient value of the wind speed vector values of adjacent grid nodes.

[0069] Perform a difference operation on the wind speed vector values of adjacent nodes in the roadway space grid model. For example, for node and the downstream node , the spatial change gradient value ; where, represents the modulus difference of the wind speed vector values of adjacent nodes A and B, represents the spatial distance measured in the air flow direction between adjacent nodes A and B.

[0070] S34. Mark the resistance influence hot spot area and the reference area of the reference flow field according to the spatial change gradient value.

[0071] In some embodiments, marking the resistance influence hot spot area and the reference area of the reference flow field according to the spatial change gradient value in S34 includes: S341. Set a first threshold and a second threshold.

[0072] The first threshold can be taken as 1.8 times the average value of the spatial change gradient values of all nodes in the roadway space grid model, and the second threshold can be taken as 0.3 times the average value of the spatial change gradient values of all nodes in the roadway space grid model.

[0073] S342. Identify the grid nodes whose spatial change gradient values exceed the first threshold and mark them as the resistance influence hot spot area; identify the grid nodes whose spatial change gradient values are lower than the second threshold and mark them as the reference area of the reference flow field.

[0074] Scan all nodes. If the spatial change gradient value of the node exceeds the first threshold, it is marked as the resistance influence hot spot area. If the spatial change gradient value of the node is lower than the second threshold, it is marked as the reference area of the reference flow field, and finally a hot spot distribution map is generated.

[0075] In some embodiments, in S4, the hierarchical resistance state index is calculated through the dynamic flow field comparison of the resistance hot spot distribution map, including: S41. Extract the wind speed vector values of the grid nodes in the reference area of the reference flow field, and calculate the average reference wind speed vector value.

[0076] Extract the wind speed vector values of all nodes in the reference area of the reference flow field, and mark them as , where represents the wind speed vector value of the m-th node.

[0077] Calculate the magnitude of the average reference wind speed vector value : ; where, represents the node modulus of the wind speed vector, m represents the number of grid nodes, represents the wind speed vector value of the k-th node, represents the modulus length of the wind speed vector value of the k-th node.

[0078] Calculate the direction of the average reference wind speed vector value : ; where, represents the direction angle of the wind speed vector value of the k-th node, represents the sum of the sine values of the wind speed direction angles of all nodes, represents the sum of the cosine values of the wind speed direction angles of all nodes.

[0079] S42. For each grid node in the hot spot area affected by resistance: Calculate the wind speed vector difference between the wind speed vector value and the average reference wind speed vector value; Based on the wind speed vector difference and the ventilation cross-sectional area of the node, solve the dynamic resistance factor.

[0080] The wind speed vector difference includes the velocity component and the direction component , , ; where, represents the modulus length of the wind speed vector value at the node, represents the direction angle of the wind speed vector value at the node.

[0081] The dynamic resistance factor F is: ; where, K represents the air damping constant of the mine, A represents the ventilation cross-sectional area, 90 is a dimensionless value, representing the reference ratio for angle conversion.

[0082] S43. Aggregate the dynamic resistance factors to generate a comprehensive resistance state evaluation value.

[0083] The comprehensive resistance state evaluation value R is: ; where, n represents the total number of nodes in the hot spot area, represents the dynamic resistance factor of the i-th node.

[0084] S44. When the comprehensive resistance status evaluation value exceeds the preset warning threshold and the resistance impact hot spot area coincides with the coordinates of the gas sensor, a resistance-gas coupling warning mark is triggered.

[0085] Based on the historical resistance data under the normal ventilation state of the mine, extract the maximum value of the comprehensive resistance status evaluation value R in the most recent 90 natural days, and set the warning threshold to 1.2 times this maximum value.

[0086] Based on the mine's three-dimensional coordinate system, calculate the Euclidean distance between the center point coordinates of the resistance impact hot spot area and the coordinates of the mine gas sensor. If this distance is less than or equal to the preset distance threshold, such as 5 meters, it is determined to be spatially coincident.

[0087] When both the comprehensive resistance status evaluation value is greater than the warning threshold and the distance between the hot spot area and the gas sensor is less than or equal to the distance threshold, the resistance-gas coupling warning mark is activated.

[0088] In some embodiments, in S5, according to the positioning results of the hierarchical resistance status indicators, spatial coordinate-based safety instructions are generated, including: S51. Locate the physical blockage point based on the spatial distribution coordinates of the resistance impact hot spot area and associate it with the roadway equipment database.

[0089] Based on the set of spatial distribution coordinates of the resistance impact hot spot area, the geometric center point algorithm can be used to locate the physical blockage point.

[0090] Specifically, extract the three-dimensional coordinate data of all nodes in the resistance impact hot spot area, calculate the arithmetic mean of these coordinates as the coordinates of the blockage center point, associate and match this center point coordinate with the roadway equipment database, and scan the associated roadway equipment within the first specified range (such as a 15-meter radius range), such as air doors, sensors, robot docking stations, etc.

[0091] S52. Set a third threshold. If the change rate of the dynamic resistance factor reaches the third threshold and the coordinates of the air door are located, an air door opening adjustment instruction is generated; if the resistance-gas coupling warning mark is activated, a strong ventilation instruction + personnel evacuation instruction is generated; if the resistance impact hot spot area persists for a specified time, a patrol robot cleaning instruction is generated.

[0092] Set the third threshold as the trigger benchmark for the change rate of the dynamic resistance factor, and the value of the third threshold is 80% of the historical maximum change rate.

[0093] Trigger three-level safety instructions according to the real-time status: When the change rate of the dynamic resistance factor exceeds the third threshold and the blockage point is within the second specified range of the air door (such as a 5-meter range), an air door opening adjustment instruction is generated.

[0094] When the resistance-gas coupling early warning mark is in an active state, a strong ventilation instruction and a personnel evacuation instruction are generated synchronously.

[0095] When the resistance influence hot spot area persists for a preset time threshold (such as 2 hours), an inspection robot cleaning instruction is generated.

[0096] The instruction execution priority is: personnel evacuation instruction > air door adjustment instruction > robot cleaning instruction.

[0097] S53. Map the dynamic resistance factor to the three-dimensional digital model of the roadway to generate a real-time resistance heat map.

[0098] Map the numerical values of the dynamic resistance factors of all nodes in the roadway space grid model to the three-dimensional digital model of the roadway, and generate a real-time resistance heat map through color scale rendering.

[0099] Exemplarily, the area where the dynamic resistance factor is less than 50N is shown in dark blue and marked as a low resistance area; the area of 50 - 100N is shown in yellow and marked as a medium resistance area; the area greater than 100N is shown in red and marked as a high resistance area; at the same time, a flashing red star mark is marked at the position of the clogging center point.

[0100] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the present application provides an ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance on-line monitoring system, which includes: Original acoustic wave feature acquisition module: Acquire the original acoustic wave features collected by the ultrasonic transducer array and integrate them to generate an initial feature data set.

[0101] Anti-dust propagation feature fusion module: Based on the initial feature data set and the in-mine propagation calibration value, fuse to generate an anti-dust propagation time difference set.

[0102] Roadway space grid analysis module: Analyze the roadway space grid according to the anti-dust propagation time difference set to generate a resistance hot area distribution map.

[0103] Resistance state dynamic calculation module: Calculate the hierarchical resistance state index through the dynamic flow field comparison of the resistance hot area distribution map.

[0104] Safety instruction coordinate generation module: Generate a spatially coordinated safety instruction according to the positioning result of the hierarchical resistance state index.

[0105] In some embodiments, the present application provides an ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance on-line monitoring device, which includes a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store a computer program; the processor is used to implement the steps of the ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance on-line monitoring method when executing the computer program.

[0106] In some embodiments, a readable storage medium stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are read and run by a processor, the steps of an ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance online monitoring method are executed.

[0107] Among them, any reference to a memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the various embodiments provided in the present application may include non-volatile and / or volatile memories. The non-volatile memory may include a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable ROM (PROM), an electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may include a random access memory (RAM) or an external cache memory.

[0108] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising one..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0109] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance on-line monitoring method, characterized in that, include: Acquire the original sound wave features collected by the ultrasonic transducer array, and integrate them to generate an initial feature data set; Based on the initial feature data set and the underground propagation calibration value, a set of anti-dust propagation time difference values is generated by fusion; The spatial grid of the tunnel is analyzed based on the anti-dust propagation time difference set to generate the resistance hot zone distribution map; By comparing the dynamic flow field of the resistance hot zone distribution map, the graded resistance state index is solved; According to the positioning results of the graded resistance state indicators, spatial coordinate safety instructions are generated.

2. The ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance online monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein The original sound wave features collected by the ultrasonic transducer array are obtained and integrated to generate an initial feature data set, including: Obtain the absolute completion time of the measured effective echo signal in the opposite propagation direction; calculate the absolute value of the frequency difference between the carrier frequency of the effective echo signal and the carrier frequency of the transmitted signal, and record it as the frequency offset characteristic value; Bind the absolute completion time and frequency offset feature value of the same path and integrate them into an initial feature data set; Among them, the time delay of the effective echo signal is within the range of the preset maximum propagation time of the lane.

3. The ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance online monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that Based on the initial feature data set and the underground propagation calibration value, the anti-dust propagation time difference set is generated by fusion, including: According to the frequency offset characteristic value of each path in the initial characteristic data set, combined with the calibration value of the ultrasonic wave propagation velocity downhole, the frequency offset equivalent time correction amount is calculated; according to the absolute completion time in the opposite direction of each path in the initial characteristic data set, the basic propagation time difference is calculated; The basic propagation time difference is superimposed with the frequency offset equivalent time correction amount to generate a fused anti-interference propagation time difference; A fused propagation time difference value set including fused anti-interference propagation time difference values of all paths is generated.

4. The ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance online monitoring method according to claim 3, characterized in that The space grid of the tunnel is analyzed based on the anti-dust propagation time difference set to generate the resistance hot zone distribution map, including: Construct a tunnel space grid model based on the pre-built three-dimensional digital model of the tunnel; Utilizing the fused propagation time difference set and combining the position of the ultrasonic path in the tunnel space grid model, the wind speed vector value at the grid node position is solved; Calculate the spatial variation gradient value of the wind speed vector value of adjacent grid nodes; The drag impact hotspots and the benchmark flow field reference areas are marked according to the spatially varying gradient values.

5. The ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance online monitoring method according to claim 4, wherein The drag impact hotspots and the reference flow field reference areas are marked according to the spatial gradient values, including: Setting a first threshold and a second threshold; Grid nodes whose spatial variation gradient values exceed the first threshold are identified and marked as resistance impact hot spots; grid nodes whose spatial variation gradient values are lower than the second threshold are identified and marked as reference areas of the benchmark flow field.

6. The ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance online monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that By comparing the dynamic flow field of the resistance hot zone distribution map, the graded resistance state indicators are calculated, including: Extract the wind speed vector value of the grid nodes in the reference area of the benchmark flow field and calculate the average benchmark wind speed vector value; For each grid node in the hotspot area of resistance influence: calculate the wind speed vector difference between the wind speed vector value and the average reference wind speed vector value; solve the dynamic resistance factor based on the wind speed vector difference and the node ventilation cross-sectional area; Aggregate dynamic resistance factors to generate comprehensive resistance state assessment values; When the comprehensive resistance status evaluation value exceeds the preset warning threshold and the resistance impact hotspot coincides with the gas sensor coordinates, the resistance-gas coupling warning mark is triggered.

7. The ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance on-line monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Generate spatial coordinate-based safety instructions according to the positioning results of the hierarchical resistance state indicators, including: Locate physical blockage points based on the spatial distribution coordinates of the resistance impact hot spots, and associate with the roadway equipment database; Set a third threshold. If the change rate of the dynamic resistance factor reaches the third threshold and the air door coordinates are located, generate an air door opening adjustment instruction; if the resistance-gas coupling warning mark is activated, generate a strong ventilation instruction + personnel evacuation instruction; if the resistance impact hot spot persists for a specified time, generate an inspection robot cleaning instruction; Map the dynamic resistance factor to the three-dimensional digital model of the roadway to generate a real-time resistance thermal map.

8. An ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance on-line monitoring system, characterized in that, It includes: Original acoustic wave feature acquisition module: Obtain the original acoustic wave features collected by the ultrasonic transducer array and integrate them to generate an initial feature data set; Anti-dust propagation feature fusion module: Based on the initial feature data set and the underground propagation calibration value, fuse to generate an anti-dust propagation time difference set; Roadway space grid analysis module: Analyze the roadway space grid according to the anti-dust propagation time difference set to generate a resistance hot zone distribution map; Resistance state dynamic calculation module: Calculate the hierarchical resistance state indicators through the dynamic flow field comparison of the resistance hot zone distribution map; Safety instruction coordinate generation module: Generate spatial coordinate-based safety instructions according to the positioning results of the hierarchical resistance state indicators.

9. An ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance on-line monitoring device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer programs; the processor is used to implement the steps of the ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance online monitoring method according to any one of claims 1-7 when executing the computer program.

10. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, Computer program instructions are stored in a readable storage medium. When the computer program instructions are read and run by a processor, the steps of the ultrasonic precise wind measurement and resistance online monitoring method according to any one of claims 1-7 are executed.

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