Voltage coupling layered power flow regulation and control method based on dual-core phase-shifting transformer

Abstract

The invention discloses a voltage coupling layered power flow regulation and control method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer, and relates to the technical field of power flow control of a power system, and the method comprises the steps: building a phase-shifting transformer amplitude relational expression based on a voltage prediction model, and dynamically outputting an optimal gear combination to eliminate a loop closing point voltage difference; a Thevenin equivalent model is introduced to predict a bypass impulse current constraint condition, and gear optimization and impulse current verification are completed before loop closing; taking the deviation minimization of the load side voltage and a rated value as an optimization target, and predicting a voltage change track by adopting an iterative optimization mechanism and combining with a local gear action set; voltage fluctuation threshold limitation in the exit strategy is fused into an iteration process, and an exit path is synchronously optimized in voltage regulation and control. According to the method, an iterative optimization mechanism and a voltage prediction model are adopted, large-range adjustment and high-precision control of the compensation voltage are achieved, the impact current risk of loop closing operation is reduced through synchronous optimization of a pre-regulation strategy and an exit path, and the continuity and stability of power grid operation are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power system power flow control, and particularly to a voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of smart grids, power flow control and voltage stability in power systems have become key technologies to ensure the reliable operation of the grid. Although traditional phase-shifting transformers (such as single-core asymmetric phase-shifting transformers) can achieve power flow regulation by adjusting the injected voltage amplitude and phase angle, they still face the following challenges in complex grid scenarios: 1. Poor stability in closed-loop operation: The impact current caused by the voltage amplitude difference and phase difference on both sides during the closed-loop process is likely to trigger grid oscillations. Traditional methods rely on manual experience or simple threshold judgment and are difficult to dynamically optimize the tap combinations. 2. Insufficient accuracy in voltage quality regulation: After load transfer, the voltage deviation caused by the internal impedance of the transformer cannot be finely compensated by a single adjustment method, and there is a lack of coordinated optimization for the withdrawal path. 3. Low flexibility of regulation strategies: Existing technologies are mostly designed for specific scenarios and are difficult to adapt to complex working conditions such as double-line parallel connection and multi-source power supply coordination. Moreover, the voltage coupling effect is not fully utilized to improve the regulation efficiency. There are also defects in the existing technologies. (1) Problems of voltage fluctuation and impact current in closed-loop operation: Traditional closed-loop strategies usually adopt methods of fixed tap matching or based on simple proportional-integral (PI) control and cannot dynamically predict the voltage change trajectory and impact current. For example, the closed-loop method of a single-core phase-shifting transformer only triggers tap adjustment through the amplitude difference threshold, but does not consider the coupling relationship between the phase difference and the equivalent impedance, resulting in a low closed-loop success rate. The present invention completes tap optimization and impact current verification before closed-loop operation through a voltage prediction model and a Thevenin equivalent model to ensure the elimination of voltage difference and the minimization of impact current. (2) Insufficient dynamic adaptability in voltage quality regulation: Existing voltage regulation methods mostly rely on the step-by-step regulation of on-load tap changers (OLTCs) and lack the joint control of voltage amplitude and phase. For example, the voltage regulation strategy based on OLTC only adjusts the tap by a fixed step size and is difficult to cope with voltage deviation in scenarios of rapid load change. The present invention quantifies the voltage regulation amount through orthogonal decomposition, combines an iterative optimization mechanism to predict the voltage trajectory, realizes the refined regulation of voltage quality, and incorporates the voltage fluctuation constraint (≤7%) in the withdrawal strategy into the iterative process. (3) Limited multi-scenario coordinated regulation ability: Traditional phase-shifting transformers are usually designed for a single line or power source and are difficult to meet the requirements of complex working conditions such as double-line parallel connection and multi-source power supply coordination. For example, the regulation method of phase-shifting transformers is only applicable to single-source power supply scenarios and cannot achieve the coordinated optimization of multiple devices. The present invention supports multi-line coordinated regulation and improves the adaptability of grid operation through flexible connection phase sequence switching (A-C, B-A, C-B) and a hierarchical distributed control strategy. Therefore, it is necessary to design a voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a double-core phase-shifting transformer to solve problems such as high risk in closed-loop operation, low accuracy in voltage regulation, and difficulty in multi-scenario coordination through a two-layer progressive architecture, multi-dimensional coordinated control, and scenario-based adaptation technology, providing key technical support for the efficient and stable operation of smart grids. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing power flow control methods of power systems have problems such as being unable to dynamically predict the voltage change trajectory and inrush current, insufficient dynamic adaptability of voltage quality regulation, and limited multi-scenario collaborative regulation ability.

[0005] To solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer, including establishing a phase-shifting transformer amplitude relationship based on a voltage prediction model, dynamically outputting an optimal tap combination to eliminate the voltage difference at the loop closing point; introducing a Thevenin equivalent model to predict the bypass inrush current constraint conditions, and completing tap optimization and inrush current verification before loop closing; taking the minimization of the deviation between the load-side voltage and the rated value as the optimization goal, and using an iterative optimization mechanism combined with a local tap action set to predict the voltage change trajectory; incorporating the voltage fluctuation threshold limit in the withdrawal strategy into the iterative process, and synchronously optimizing the withdrawal path during voltage regulation.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer of the present invention, wherein: establishing a phase-shifting transformer amplitude relationship based on a voltage prediction model and dynamically outputting an optimal tap combination to eliminate the voltage difference at the loop closing point includes closing the switch to connect the dual-core phase-shifting transformer to the 10 kV bus system for live operation, collecting real-time voltage signals on both sides of the loop closing point through a voltage transformer, and outputting the amplitude difference and phase difference.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer of the present invention, wherein: introducing a Thevenin equivalent model to predict the bypass inrush current constraint conditions and completing tap optimization and inrush current verification before loop closing includes establishing an amplitude relationship of the phase-shifting transformer between the amplitude modulation factor Tm, the phase modulation factor Tp, and the equivalent impedance Zeq of the IPST, expressed as:

[0008] ΔU = f(Tm, Tp, Zeq)

[0009] Δθ = g(Tm, Tp, Zeq)

[0010] Wherein, ΔU represents the voltage change amount, f represents the functional relationship between the voltage change amount ΔU, the amplitude modulation factor Tm, the phase modulation factor Tp, and the equivalent impedance Zeq of the IPST, Δθ represents the phase angle change amount, and g represents the relationship between the phase angle change amount Δθ, the amplitude modulation factor Tm, the phase modulation factor Tp, and the equivalent impedance Zeq of the IPST;

[0011] Using the Newton-Raphson method or the gradient descent algorithm to output the objective function, expressed as:

[0012] E = min(|ΔU| + |λΔθ|)

[0013] Among them, E represents the objective function, min represents minimizing the objective function E by optimizing the amplitude modulation factor Tm and phase modulation factor Tp parameters, and λ represents the weight coefficient;

[0014] Meanwhile, based on Thevenin's theorem, the bypass impact current is equivalently predicted, and the impact current and voltage fluctuation constraints are verified by combining the voltage data of adjacent gears. If not satisfied, re-output.

[0015] As a preferred scheme of the voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer described in the present invention, wherein: minimizing the deviation between the load-side voltage and the rated value as the optimization objective, and predicting the voltage change trajectory by using an iterative optimization mechanism combined with the local gear action set includes quantifying the voltage amplitude and phase adjustment amount through orthogonal decomposition, and constructing a model of the adjustment amount and the gear;

[0016] Taking the minimum voltage deviation as the goal, collecting ULh and ILh at the current gear, substituting them into the voltage equation to predict the Hu value of each gear in Ω, combining the step-by-step gear adjustment logic and the voltage fluctuation constraint, predicting the voltage trajectory, target deviation and bypass impact current of adjacent gears, and selecting the gear with the minimum Hu as the new target, repeating the iteration until Hu < ∈, so as to select the optimal gear;

[0017] Update the current gear after gear adjustment;

[0018] When it is necessary to exit, directly perform the bypass operation using the current optimized gear.

[0019] As a preferred scheme of the voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer described in the present invention, wherein: integrating the voltage fluctuation threshold limit in the exit strategy into the iterative process, and synchronously optimizing the exit path in voltage regulation includes determining the connection phase sequence and configuring the connection phase sequence of the secondary sides of the excitation and series transformers;

[0020] Establish a simulation model according to the operation scenario;

[0021] Set the active power regulation dead zone of ±ΔP, and control the gear up and down based on the difference;

[0022] Monitor the voltage fluctuation and load change. When exceeding the limit, first adjust the connection phase sequence, and then adjust through the on-load tap changer.

[0023] As a preferred scheme of the voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer described in the present invention, wherein: integrating the voltage fluctuation threshold limit in the exit strategy into the iterative process, and synchronously optimizing the exit path in voltage regulation includes a controllable switch array, supporting the switching of three connection phase sequences of A-C, B-A, and C-B;

[0024] Automatically switch the phase sequence based on real-time operating parameters, and regulate the power flow by changing the electromagnetic coupling relationship.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer according to the present invention, wherein: incorporating the voltage fluctuation threshold limit in the withdrawal strategy into the iterative process, and synchronously optimizing the withdrawal path during voltage regulation includes setting a dead zone of active power regulation of ±ΔP;

[0026] Output the difference ΔPact between the actual active power and the target value;

[0027] When ΔPact > ΔP, shift up; when ΔPact < -ΔP, shift down; otherwise, maintain the gear position.

[0028] The dual-core phase-shifting transformer is composed of a series transformer with a Y / D connection and an exciting transformer with a Yg / Yg connection. The primary side of the series transformer is connected in series in the line, and the center tap is connected to the primary side of the exciting transformer.

[0029] Another object of the present invention is to provide a voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation system based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer, which can incorporate the voltage fluctuation threshold limit in the withdrawal strategy into the iterative process, synchronously optimize the withdrawal path during voltage regulation, and solve the problem of insufficient dynamic adaptability of the current power system's power flow control in voltage quality regulation.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation system based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer according to the present invention, wherein: it includes a voltage prediction and loop closing optimization module, an inrush current prediction and verification module, a load-side voltage refined regulation module, and a regulation strategy safe exit module; the voltage prediction and loop closing optimization module is used to establish a relationship between the phase-shifting transformer gear position and the voltage amplitude based on a voltage prediction model, dynamically calculate the optimal gear combination during the loop closing process, and eliminate the voltage difference at the loop closing point; the inrush current prediction and verification module is used to predict the bypass inrush current during the loop closing process using the Thevenin equivalent model, provide inrush current constraint conditions, and verify the optimization results before the loop closing operation; the load-side voltage refined regulation module is used to minimize the load-side voltage deviation, predict the voltage change trajectory based on the local gear action set, and use an iterative optimization mechanism to achieve load bus voltage quality regulation; the regulation strategy safe exit module is used to consider the exit strategy during voltage regulation, incorporate the voltage fluctuation threshold limit at the time of exit into the iterative optimization process, and synchronously optimize the gear adjustment path to ensure the safe exit of the regulation strategy.

[0031] A computer device includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer.

[0032] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of a voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow control method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer are implemented.

[0033] Advantages of the present invention: The voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow control method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer provided by the present invention realizes amplitude-phase decoupling compensation adjustment of the voltage phasor difference on both sides of the loop closing point through a two-layer progressive control architecture, significantly improving the safety and stability of the loop closing operation; supports the switching of three connection phase sequences of A-C / B-A / C-B through a controllable switch array, changing the electromagnetic coupling relationship between series and parallel transformers, with a simple and flexible electrical connection relationship between its windings, and no need for complex orthogonal voltage superposition; adopts an iterative optimization mechanism and a voltage prediction model, combined with an active power dead zone control strategy, to realize large-range adjustment and high-precision control of the compensation voltage, with a flexible adjustment method and rapid response; through a hierarchical distributed control architecture, divides the power grid into multiple regions for collaborative control, effectively improving the power flow optimization efficiency and voltage quality in the multi-source parallel scenario; through a modularly extended on-load tap changer and a feedback control loop, realizes the joint adjustment of voltage amplitude and phase, enhancing the reliability and adaptability of the equipment; through the synchronous optimization of the pre-control strategy and the exit path, reduces the impact current risk of the loop closing operation, and ensures the continuity and stability of the power grid operation. Description of the Drawings

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0035] Figure 1 It is the overall flowchart of a voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow control method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 It is the wiring schematic diagram of a voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow control method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 It is the compensation voltage waveform diagram of a dual-core phase-shifting transformer of a voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow control method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 It is the principle vector diagram of a dual-core phase-shifting transformer of a voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow control method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 The double-line parallel simulation model diagram of a voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer provided for the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 The two-power-source parallel simulation model diagram of a voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer provided for the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 The multi-power-source parallel simulation model diagram of a voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer provided for the first embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following will describe the detailed implementation manners of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings of the specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] Embodiment 1, referring to Figure 1 - Figure 6 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer, including:

[0044] S1: Establish a phase-shifting transformer amplitude relationship based on a voltage prediction model, and dynamically output an optimal tap combination to eliminate the voltage difference at the loop closing point.

[0045] Furthermore, the dual-core phase-shifting transformer consists of a series transformer group and an excitation transformer group. As Figure 1 shown, this method adopts a two-layer progressive regulation architecture. The first layer is the loop closing pre-regulation strategy, and the second layer is the load bus voltage quality and withdrawal regulation strategy.

[0046] It should be noted that the first-layer loop closing pre-regulation strategy establishes a phase-shifting transformer amplitude relationship based on a voltage prediction model, and dynamically calculates the optimal tap combination to eliminate the voltage difference at the loop closing point. First, the device is put into operation and the voltage is collected. The switch is closed to make the dual-core phase-shifting transformer access the 10 kV bus system and operate with electricity. The real-time voltage signals on both sides of the loop closing point are collected through a voltage transformer, and the amplitude difference and phase difference are calculated.

[0047] S2: Introduce the Thevenin equivalent model to predict the bypass impact current constraint conditions, and complete the tap optimization and impact current verification before loop closing.

[0048] Furthermore, the Thevenin equivalent model is introduced to predict the bypass impact current constraint conditions, and the gear optimization and impact current verification are completed before closing the loop.

[0049] It should be noted that for coupled modeling and gear solving, the amplitude relationship of the phase-shifting transformer between the amplitude modulation factor Tm, the phase modulation factor Tp, and the equivalent impedance Zeq of the IPST is established as follows:

[0050] ΔU = f(Tm, Tp, Zeq)

[0051] Δθ = g(Tm, Tp, Zeq)

[0052] Where, ΔU represents the voltage change, f represents the functional relationship between the voltage change ΔU, the amplitude modulation factor Tm, the phase modulation factor Tp, and the equivalent impedance Zeq of the IPST, Δθ represents the phase angle change, and g represents the relationship between the phase angle change Δθ, the amplitude modulation factor Tm, the phase modulation factor Tp, and the equivalent impedance Zeq of the IPST;

[0053] The Newton-Raphson method or the gradient descent algorithm is used to output the objective function, which is expressed as:

[0054] E = min(|ΔU| + |λΔθ|)

[0055] Where, E represents the objective function, min means that by optimizing the parameters of the amplitude modulation factor Tm and the phase modulation factor Tp, the objective function E reaches the minimum value, and λ represents the weight coefficient.

[0056] At the same time, based on the Thevenin theorem, the bypass impact current is equivalently predicted, and the impact current and voltage fluctuation constraints are verified in combination with the voltage data of adjacent gears. If not satisfied, recalculation is performed. Through the above steps, the effective implementation of the pre-regulation and control strategy for closing the loop is ensured.

[0057] S3: Taking the minimization of the deviation between the load-side voltage and the rated value as the optimization goal, an iterative optimization mechanism is adopted to predict the voltage change trajectory in combination with the local gear action set.

[0058] Furthermore, the voltage quality of the second-layer load bus and the withdrawal control strategy take the minimization of the deviation between the load-side voltage and the rated value as the optimization goal, adopt an iterative optimization mechanism to predict the voltage change trajectory in combination with the local gear action set, and realize the refined adjustment of the voltage quality.

[0059] It should be noted that for the voltage quality of the second - layer load bus and the withdrawal control strategy, first, voltage decomposition and analytical formula derivation are carried out. By orthogonal decomposition, the regulation amounts of voltage amplitude and phase are quantified, and a functional analytical formula between the regulation amount and the gear position is established. Then, iterative optimization and gear - position prediction are carried out. With the goal of minimizing the voltage deviation, ULh and ILh at the current gear position are collected and substituted into the voltage equation to predict the Hu values of each gear position in Ω. Combining the step - by - step gear - shifting logic and the voltage fluctuation constraint (≤7%), the voltage trajectories, target deviations, and bypass impact currents of adjacent gear positions are predicted. The gear position that makes Hu the smallest is selected as the new target (Tmr(k + 1), Tpr(k + 1)), and the iteration is repeated until Hu < ∈ (∈ is the threshold, usually taken as 0.05), so as to select the optimal gear position.

[0060] S4: Incorporate the voltage fluctuation threshold limit in the withdrawal strategy into the iterative process, and synchronously optimize the withdrawal path during voltage regulation.

[0061] Furthermore, dynamic gear - shifting and withdrawal preparation are carried out. After gear - shifting, the current gear position is updated, and the iteration is repeated until the target is stable. When the device needs to be withdrawn, the bypass operation is directly performed using the currently optimized gear position. Through the above steps, the refined regulation of the load bus voltage quality and the smooth withdrawal of the device are realized.

[0062] It should be noted that this embodiment also includes collaborative control steps, specifically: First, the connection phase sequence is determined, and the connection phase sequence of the secondary sides of the excitation and series transformers is configured. Then, scene - based modeling is carried out to establish a simulation model according to the operating scenario. Next, active - power dead - zone control is carried out, and the active - power regulation dead - zone ±ΔP is set, and the gear position is raised or lowered based on the difference. Finally, real - time monitoring and triggering are carried out. The voltage fluctuation and load changes are monitored. When the limit is exceeded, the connection phase sequence is preferentially adjusted, and then fine - tuned through the on - load tap - changer. Through the above collaborative control steps, the stability and reliability of the control system are further improved.

[0063] The double - core phase - shifting transformer includes a series transformer bank and an excitation transformer, as Figure 2 shown. Its connection phase sequence can be flexibly adjusted, thereby changing the regulation amounts of the series and parallel transformers. By reasonably configuring the connection phase sequence of the secondary sides of the excitation and series transformers, effective control of the power flow can be achieved.

[0064] Specifically, when the connection phase sequence is A - C, B - A, C - B, the double - core phase - shifting transformer can generate a compensation voltage with a specific phase relationship with the input - side voltage, and its waveform is as Figure 3 shown. This compensation voltage is used to control the power flow, so that the amplitudes of the input voltage and output voltage of the phase - shifting transformer are not much different, and the phase angle of the output voltage is orthogonal to the input - side voltage. In this way, the voltage phase angle in the injected line is changed, and its vector diagram is as Figure 4 shown, thereby realizing the precise control of the line power flow.

[0065] This embodiment also relates to the application of a dual-core phase-shifting transformer in different power supply scenarios, specifically including the following scenarios:

[0066] When two lines are in parallel power supply, a dual-core phase-shifting transformer can be installed on one of the parallel lines, and power flow control can be achieved by adjusting the on-load tap changer position. The simulation model is as Figure 5 shown. The model includes the electromotive forces E1 and E2 of two power sources at both ends, two parallel transmission lines L1 and L3 and their corresponding impedances Z1 and Z3. The loads carried by the two parallel lines are 3 + j2 MVA and 2 + j1 MVA respectively. The load carried by the right transmission line L2 and its corresponding impedance Z2 is 8 + j1 MVA, and the total power flowing through line L2 is P2. A dual-core phase-shifting transformer is installed on one of the parallel lines (such as L1) to analyze the ability of the dual-core phase-shifting transformer to achieve power flow balance when the two lines are in parallel.

[0067] When two power sources are in parallel power supply, a dual-core phase-shifting transformer can be installed on one of the power transmission lines, and power flow control can be achieved by adjusting the on-load tap changer position. The simulation model is as Figure 6 shown. The model includes the electromotive forces E1 and E3 of two sending-end power sources, the electromotive force E2 of the receiving-end power source, three transmission lines L1, L2, and L3 and their corresponding impedances Z1, Z2, and Z3. The loads of the three lines are 3 + j2 MVA, 8 + j1 MVA, and 2 + j1 MVA respectively. The active powers flowing through the three transmission lines are P1, P2, and P3 respectively. A dual-core phase-shifting transformer is installed on line L1, and a circuit breaker is installed on line L3. By controlling the opening and closing state of the circuit breaker, power flow control is performed with the active power of line L2 as the feedback value.

[0068] When multiple power sources are in parallel power supply, a dual-core phase-shifting transformer can be installed on two or more transmission lines, and power flow control can be achieved by adjusting the on-load tap changer position. The simulation model is as Figure 7 shown. The model includes the electromotive forces E1, E3, and E4 of three sending-end power sources, the electromotive force E2 of the receiving-end power source, four transmission lines L1, L2, L3, and L4 and their corresponding impedances Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4. The loads carried by the four lines are 3 + j2 MVA, 8 + j1 MVA, 3 + j1 MVA, and 3 + j1 MVA in sequence. The active powers flowing through the four transmission lines are P1, P2, P3, and P4 respectively. A dual-core phase-shifting transformer is installed on two or more transmission lines (such as L1 and L3) to control the power flow in this scenario.

[0069] In addition, the adjustment speed range of the dual-core phase-shifting transformer is from 1 gear to 5 gears per second, and the active power adjustment accuracy range is from ±0.1% to ±0.5%. Through the above structure and method, this embodiment can effectively achieve precise control of the power flow in different power supply scenarios, improving the flexibility and stability of the power grid operation.

[0070] Embodiment 2 is the second embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the previous embodiment in that:

[0071] If the described function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of this technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical discs, etc., which can store program codes.

[0072] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or described in other ways herein, for example, can be considered as a definite sequence list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be specifically implemented in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other systems that can fetch instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, apparatus, or devices. For the purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0073] More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: electrical connections (electronic devices) having one or more wirings, portable computer disk cartridges (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber devices, and portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable media can even be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other media, then editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing it as appropriate, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0074] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or a combination of the following techniques well known in the art can be used: discrete logic circuits having logic gate circuits for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits having appropriate combinational logic gate circuits, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0075] Embodiment 3 is the third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a system for a load balancing method of a computing platform based on a particle swarm genetic algorithm, including a voltage prediction and closed-loop optimization module, an inrush current prediction and verification module, a refined regulation module for the load-side voltage, and a safe exit module for the regulation strategy; the voltage prediction and closed-loop optimization module is used to establish a relationship between the tap position of the phase-shifting transformer and the voltage amplitude based on a voltage prediction model, dynamically calculate the optimal tap position combination during the closed-loop process, and eliminate the voltage difference at the closed-loop point; the inrush current prediction and verification module is used to predict the bypass inrush current during the closed-loop process using a Thevenin equivalent model, provide inrush current constraint conditions, and verify the optimization result before the closed-loop operation; the refined regulation module for the load-side voltage is used to minimize the load-side voltage deviation as the goal, predict the voltage change trajectory based on the local tap action set, and use an iterative optimization mechanism to achieve the regulation of the load bus voltage quality; the safe exit module for the regulation strategy is used to consider the exit strategy during the voltage regulation process, incorporate the voltage fluctuation threshold limit at the time of exit into the iterative optimization process, and synchronously optimize the tap adjustment path to ensure the safe exit of the regulation strategy.

[0076] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow control method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer, characterized in that Including: Based on the voltage prediction model, establish the amplitude relationship of the phase-shifting transformer, and dynamically output the optimal tap combination to eliminate the voltage difference at the loop closing point; Introduce the Thevenin equivalent model to predict the bypass impact current constraint conditions, and complete the tap optimization and impact current verification before loop closing; Taking the minimization of the deviation between the load side voltage and the rated value as the optimization goal, adopt an iterative optimization mechanism combined with the local tap action set to predict the voltage change trajectory; Incorporate the voltage fluctuation threshold limit in the withdrawal strategy into the iterative process, and synchronously optimize the withdrawal path during voltage regulation.

2. The voltage coupling hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer according to claim 1, wherein: The establishment of the amplitude relationship of the phase-shifting transformer based on the voltage prediction model and the dynamic output of the optimal tap combination to eliminate the voltage difference at the loop closing point includes closing the switch to connect the dual-core phase-shifting transformer to the 10kV bus system for live operation, collecting the real-time voltage signals on both sides of the loop closing point through the voltage transformer, and outputting the amplitude difference and phase difference.

3. The voltage coupling hierarchical power flow control method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer according to claim 2, wherein: The introduction of the Thevenin equivalent model to predict the bypass impact current constraint conditions and the completion of tap optimization and impact current verification before loop closing includes establishing the amplitude relationship of the phase-shifting transformer for the amplitude modulation factor Tm, the phase modulation factor Tp, and the equivalent impedance Zeq of the IPST, expressed as: ΔU = f(Tm, Tp, Zeq) Δθ = g(Tm, Tp, Zeq) Where, ΔU represents the voltage change amount, f represents the functional relationship between the voltage change amount ΔU, the amplitude modulation factor Tm, the phase modulation factor Tp, and the equivalent impedance Zeq of the IPST, Δθ represents the phase angle change amount, and g represents the relationship between the phase angle change amount Δθ, the amplitude modulation factor Tm, the phase modulation factor Tp, and the equivalent impedance Zeq of the IPST; Use the Newton-Raphson method or the gradient descent algorithm to output the objective function, expressed as: E = min(|ΔU| + |λΔθ|) Where, E represents the objective function, min represents that by optimizing the parameters of the amplitude modulation factor Tm and the phase modulation factor Tp, the objective function E reaches the minimum value, and λ represents the weight coefficient; At the same time, based on the Thevenin theorem, equivalently predict the bypass impact current, and combine the voltage data of adjacent taps to verify the impact current and voltage fluctuation constraints. If not satisfied, re-output.

4. The voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow control method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that: Taking the minimization of the deviation between the load side voltage and the rated value as the optimization goal, and adopting an iterative optimization mechanism combined with the local tap action set to predict the voltage change trajectory includes quantifying the voltage amplitude and phase adjustment amount through orthogonal decomposition, and constructing the adjustment amount and tap model; Taking the minimization of the voltage deviation as the goal, collect ULh and ILh at the current tap, substitute them into the voltage equation to predict the Hu value of each tap in Ω, combine the step-by-step tap adjustment logic and the voltage fluctuation constraint, predict the voltage trajectory, target deviation, and bypass impact current of adjacent taps, select the tap that makes Hu the smallest as the new target, and repeat the iteration until Hu < ∈, so as to select the optimal tap; Update the current tap after tap adjustment; When it is necessary to withdraw, directly perform the bypass operation using the current optimized tap.

5. The voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow control method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that: Incorporating the voltage fluctuation threshold limit in the withdrawal strategy into the iterative process and synchronously optimizing the withdrawal path during voltage regulation includes determining the connection phase sequence and configuring the connection phase sequence of the secondary sides of the excitation and series transformers; Establish a simulation model according to the operation scenario; Set the dead zone of active power regulation ±ΔP, and control the tap rise and fall based on the difference. Monitor voltage fluctuations and load changes. When the limit is exceeded, first adjust the connection phase sequence, and then adjust through the on-load tap changer.

6. The voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow control method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer according to claim 5, wherein: Integrate the voltage fluctuation threshold limit in the exit strategy into the iterative process, and synchronously optimize the exit path in voltage regulation, including a controllable switch array that supports the switching of three connection phase sequences: A-C, B-A, and C-B; Automatically switch the phase sequence based on real-time operating parameters, and regulate the power flow by changing the electromagnetic coupling relationship.

7. The voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow control method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer according to claim 6, characterized in that: Integrate the voltage fluctuation threshold limit in the exit strategy into the iterative process, and synchronously optimize the exit path in voltage regulation, including setting a dead zone of active power regulation of ±ΔP; Output the difference ΔPact between the actual active power and the target value; When ΔPact > ΔP, upshift; when ΔPact < -ΔP, downshift; otherwise, maintain the gear position. The twin-core phase-shifting transformer is composed of a series transformer with a Y / D connection and an exciting transformer with a Yg / Yg connection. The primary side of the series transformer is connected in series in the line, and the center tap is connected to the primary side of the exciting transformer.

8. A system adopting the voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on a dual-core phase-shifting transformer as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes a voltage prediction and closed-loop optimization module, an inrush current prediction and verification module, a refined regulation module for the load-side voltage, and a safe exit module for the regulation strategy; The voltage prediction and closed-loop optimization module is used to establish a relationship between the tap position of the phase-shifting transformer and the voltage amplitude based on the voltage prediction model, dynamically calculate the optimal tap position combination during the closed-loop process, and eliminate the voltage difference at the closed-loop point; The inrush current prediction and verification module is used to predict the bypass inrush current during the closed-loop process using the Thevenin equivalent model, provide inrush current constraint conditions, and verify the optimization results before the closed-loop operation; The refined regulation module for the load-side voltage is used to minimize the voltage deviation on the load side, predict the voltage change trajectory based on the local tap action set, and use an iterative optimization mechanism to achieve the regulation of the voltage quality of the load bus; The safe exit module for the regulation strategy is used to consider the exit strategy during the voltage regulation process, integrate the voltage fluctuation threshold limit at the time of exit into the iterative optimization process, and synchronously optimize the tap adjustment path to ensure the exit of the regulation strategy.

9. A computer device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on the twin-core phase-shifting transformer described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the voltage-coupled hierarchical power flow regulation method based on the twin-core phase-shifting transformer described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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