Method and apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of wireless communication, and discloses a method and device for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, the method comprising the following steps: a terminal detects a set of uplink control information to be transmitted; the terminal estimates resource block requirements according to the set of uplink control information and maps the requirements into a hierarchical request value; the terminal sends resource block request signaling containing the hierarchical request value to a base station; the base station constructs a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values; the base station performs sparse optimization resource block allocation under total resource block constraints, in combination with the prediction matrix and preset control information type priority, and issues a scheduling result; and the terminal uses the allocated resource blocks to complete control information transmission through uplink according to the scheduling result. The present application improves the dynamic adaptability and resource allocation efficiency of uplink control information transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication, and in particular to a method and apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system. Background Technology

[0002] In current wireless communication systems, control information serves as the core component for link reliability assurance and resource management negotiation. The uplink transmission quality and timeliness of control information directly impact the overall stability of the communication system. Control information primarily includes ACK / NACK responses, Channel State Information (CSI), and Scheduling Requests (SRs), which typically exhibit periodicity, event-triggered nature, and urgency. Especially in multi-antenna, multi-user concurrent systems such as 5G NR, the transmission frequency of control information significantly increases, placing higher demands on the timeliness and flexibility of resource allocation.

[0003] In traditional wireless communication systems, to ensure the timeliness of control information, a pre-configured approach is commonly used to allocate uplink control channel resources to terminals. This means the system reserves a fixed number of resource blocks for various types of control information and broadcasts parameters to instruct terminals to transmit control information at predetermined locations. This approach is simple to implement, has clear scheduling logic, and can meet the basic requirements for uploading control information. However, with the diversification of service scenarios and the increase in user density, the types and quantities of control information are experiencing fluctuating growth, making the fixed resource allocation strategy insufficient to adapt to the frequently changing demand structure.

[0004] In practical operation, existing technologies often face the problem of dynamic mismatch between resource allocation and actual control information requirements. On the one hand, in light-load scenarios, static pre-allocation of resources can easily lead to resource idleness and waste; on the other hand, in heavy-load or high-incidence scenarios, fixed configuration may result in insufficient control signaling resources, making it difficult to transmit critical control information from some terminals on time, and in severe cases, even affecting scheduling synchronization and data path establishment. In addition, since most existing technologies lack effective prediction mechanisms for terminal behavior and demand trends, the system can only passively respond to current resource requests and is unable to perform forward-looking allocation and overall optimization based on historical behavior.

[0005] Therefore, this invention proposes a method and apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system to address the shortcomings of the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, which solves the problems of static and rigid resource allocation mechanisms, delayed scheduling response, and insufficient reliability of key control information transmission in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, comprising the following steps:

[0008] The terminal detects the set of uplink control information that needs to be transmitted.

[0009] The terminal estimates resource block requirements based on the uplink control information set and maps them to tiered request values;

[0010] The terminal sends a resource block request signaling containing the graded request value to the base station;

[0011] The base station constructs a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values;

[0012] Under the constraint of total resource blocks, the base station performs sparse optimization resource block allocation by combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority, and sends out the scheduling results;

[0013] Based on the scheduling result, the terminal uses the allocated resource blocks to complete the transmission of control information via the uplink.

[0014] Preferably, the uplink control information set includes at least one of hybrid automatic repeat request, channel state information, and scheduling request.

[0015] Preferably, the step of the terminal estimating resource block requirements based on the uplink control information set and mapping them to tiered request values ​​includes:

[0016] Determine the corresponding resource block requirement range based on the type of control information;

[0017] Based on the data volume of various control information in the uplink control information set, a tiered request value is selected within the corresponding resource block requirement range.

[0018] Preferably, the step of the terminal sending resource block request signaling containing the graded request value to the base station includes:

[0019] The hierarchical request value is jointly encoded with the terminal identifier to generate a resource block request signaling;

[0020] The resource block request signaling is sent to the base station at the dedicated resource location of the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUCCH).

[0021] Preferably, the step of the base station constructing a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values ​​includes:

[0022] Divide historical resource block request values ​​into time windows to generate a three-dimensional data tensor. Where U represents the number of terminals; T represents the number of historical time slots; and K represents the number of control information types.

[0023] The three-dimensional data tensor is expanded into a two-dimensional matrix according to the terminal dimension. The missing values ​​are filled in using a low-rank matrix completion algorithm to generate the terminal behavior prediction matrix P.

[0024] Preferably, the optimization objective of the low-rank matrix completion algorithm is:

[0025]

[0026] in, For time smoothing regularization, This represents a slice of the prediction matrix in time slot t; For terminal similarity regularization, s represents the predicted slice of terminal i; ij ∈[0,1] represents the service quality similarity between terminal i and terminal j; λ1,λ2>0 are the time smoothing coefficient and similarity constraint coefficient, respectively.

[0027] Preferably, the steps of the base station performing sparse optimization resource block allocation under the constraint of total resource blocks, combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority, and issuing the scheduling results include:

[0028] The base station sets a resource block allocation limit based on the total number of currently available resource blocks;

[0029] The base station extracts the predicted resource block demand values ​​for each control information type of each terminal from the terminal behavior prediction matrix;

[0030] The base station processes each type of control information in descending order of priority according to the preset priority of control information types. Under each priority, the base station performs sparse optimization on the corresponding control information of all terminals, giving priority to the allocation of terminals with higher prediction values.

[0031] When some resource blocks have overlapping requests, the base station performs conflict mediation based on the terminal's historical scheduling saturation.

[0032] Under the premise of satisfying the total resource block constraint, the base station performs overall sparse optimization of resource block allocation and sends the scheduling results to each terminal through downlink control signaling.

[0033] Preferably, the optimization objective of the mathematical model for sparse optimized resource block allocation is defined as:

[0034] Maximize the weighted utility function:

[0035]

[0036] The following constraints are used as optimization constraints:

[0037]

[0038] in, Indicates the number of resource blocks allocated to terminal u on control information type k; α k >0 indicates the priority weight of control information type k, and satisfies R total R represents the total resource block budget of the current system; max This represents the maximum resource block allocation value for each terminal on each type of control information; log(1+A) u,k ) is a logarithmic utility function used to enhance sparsity and improve allocation fairness.

[0039] Preferably, the step of the terminal using the allocated resource blocks to complete the transmission of control information via the uplink according to the scheduling result includes:

[0040] The terminal receives the resource block allocation information contained in the scheduling result sent by the base station;

[0041] The terminal parses the uplink resource block location and the corresponding control information type indicated in the resource block allocation information;

[0042] The terminal encodes and modulates the control information to be transmitted according to a preset encoding and modulation method;

[0043] The terminal performs uplink transmission at the time-frequency resource location corresponding to the allocated resource block, according to the encoding and modulation results; the terminal performs uplink transmission of the control information according to the transmission time slot or transmission period configured by the base station.

[0044] The present invention also provides an apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, comprising:

[0045] The terminal-side device includes:

[0046] The control information detection module is configured to detect the set of uplink control information that needs to be transmitted currently;

[0047] The resource demand mapping module is configured to estimate and map the resource block demand of the control information set into a graded request value; the request signaling sending module is configured to send a resource block request signaling containing the graded request value to the base station.

[0048] The base station side device includes:

[0049] The behavior prediction modeling module is configured to build a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values.

[0050] The sparse optimization allocation module is configured to perform sparse optimization resource block allocation under the constraint of total resource blocks, in combination with the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority.

[0051] The scheduling result distribution module is configured to send the resource block allocation result to the terminal via downlink control signaling.

[0052] The terminal-side device also includes a control information transmission module, configured to use allocated resource blocks to complete control information transmission via the uplink based on the received scheduling results.

[0053] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0054] 1. This invention utilizes long-term collection and statistical analysis of historical resource block request values ​​from the base station side to construct a terminal behavior prediction matrix, which serves as the basis for predicting future scheduling needs. This prediction matrix, based on resource block requests, maps the request behavior trends of terminals across different control information types, thereby transforming the scheduling strategy from passive response to proactive prediction. This approach overcomes the limitations of traditional static configuration methods, enabling the resource scheduling process to be forward-looking and adaptable, thus improving the overall system's operational flexibility and scheduling accuracy.

[0055] 2. This invention further introduces the concept of control information type priority during the resource block allocation stage. Weight parameters are set for different categories of uplink control information (such as HARQ-ACK, CSI, SR, etc.), and combined with resource block demand prediction values, a scheduling objective function based on weighted sparse optimization is constructed. Under system resource constraints, the base station can prioritize the transmission requests of high-priority control information, thereby ensuring the linkage between the task level of control information transmission and resource scheduling, and improving the system's ability to guarantee critical control processes.

[0056] 3. The sparse optimization allocation strategy employed in this invention constructs a mathematical model with controllable sparsity and fairness. It controls the distribution density of resource blocks among terminals through the logarithmic utility function term in the objective function and introduces a conflict resolution mechanism based on the historical scheduling saturation of terminals. This optimization model not only possesses the ability to allocate resources from an overall resource perspective but also prevents resource allocation from favoring a particular terminal or type, thereby achieving dynamic load balancing and improving the global fairness of scheduling and the efficiency of system resource utilization.

[0057] 4. This invention defines a detailed control information transmission process on the terminal side, covering the entire process from receiving scheduling results and resolving resource block locations to modulation and coding of control information and physical layer transmission. Based on the resource block locations and control information types carried in the scheduling signaling, the terminal uses appropriate modulation and coding parameters and completes data transmission according to transmission time slots or periods, achieving refined utilization of uplink resources. Simultaneously, this closed-loop response process, in conjunction with the base station-side prediction and scheduling strategy formation mechanism, enhances the system coordination capabilities of uplink and downlink, and improves the adaptability of control information transmission in terms of timing and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0058] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the device architecture of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0060] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 2 The present invention will be further described in detail below.

[0061] This invention provides a method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, comprising the following steps:

[0062] S1. The terminal detects the set of uplink control information that needs to be transmitted.

[0063] S2. The terminal estimates the resource block demand based on the uplink control information set and maps it to a tiered request value.

[0064] S3. The terminal sends a resource block request signaling containing the graded request value to the base station;

[0065] S4. The base station constructs a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values;

[0066] S5. Under the constraint of total resource blocks, the base station performs sparse optimization resource block allocation by combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority, and issues the scheduling results.

[0067] S6. Based on the scheduling result, the terminal uses the allocated resource blocks to complete the transmission of control information via the uplink.

[0068] In this embodiment, the implementation method for step S1 is described in detail as follows:

[0069] The terminal monitors the status of control information that needs to be transmitted through the uplink in real time or periodically through the control information management unit in its protocol stack. The detection process of the control information set is based on a predefined control information type classification mechanism, covering at least one type of Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ-ACK), Channel State Information (CSI), and Scheduling Request (SR).

[0070] The detection of Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ-ACK) is triggered by the acknowledgment feedback event of downlink data transmission. After the terminal physical layer completes the decoding of the downlink transport block, it generates ACK or NACK indication information based on the decoding result.

[0071] Channel State Information (CSI) detection is based on channel measurement period configuration. The terminal performs channel quality measurement periodically or semi-continuously according to the CSI Reference Signal (CSI-RS) measurement resource configuration sent by the base station, and generates a composite report containing Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) and Rank Indicator (RI).

[0072] The detection of a scheduling request (SR) is triggered by the terminal's media access control (MAC) layer. When a terminal has uplink data to be transmitted but has not obtained scheduling authorization, it generates an SR request flag.

[0073] The terminal internally maintains a control information cache queue to temporarily store various types of control information awaiting transmission. The cache queue employs a priority management strategy, sorting multiple types of control information that exist simultaneously according to a preset urgency rule. Preferably, the priority rule satisfies:

[0074] Priority(HARQ-ACK)>Priority(CSI)>Priority(SR);

[0075] This is to ensure that high-priority control information is given priority in the detection and processing flow.

[0076] The terminal's control plane processor accesses the cache queue via an interrupt mechanism or a polling mechanism. When control information to be transmitted is detected in the queue, a resource block demand estimation process is triggered. Preferably, the detection process includes the following sub-steps:

[0077] Event-triggered detection: For HARQ-ACK and SR, event-driven detection is adopted, that is, a specific event (such as decoding completion or buffer state change) directly triggers the detection operation;

[0078] Periodic scan detection: For CSI, periodic detection driven by a timer is used, and the timer period is aligned with the CSI reporting period configured by the base station;

[0079] Conflict resolution: When multiple types of control information are detected at the same time, the highest priority type is selected for subsequent processing according to the priority rules, and the remaining types are temporarily stored in the queue to wait for the next detection cycle.

[0080] In this embodiment, step S2 is implemented as follows:

[0081] The terminal estimates the required resource block demand based on the content and characteristics of the uplink control information set through a series of mapping mechanisms and calculation processes, and maps this demand into a tiered request value to facilitate resource allocation optimization by the base station. The key to this process is to evaluate the corresponding resource block demand range for different types of control information and select the appropriate tiered request value based on data volume and network conditions. The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0082] First, the terminal identifies and classifies the types of control information that need to be transmitted. These control information include Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ-ACK), Channel State Information (CSI), and Scheduling Request (SR), among others. The number of resource blocks required for each type of control information during transmission may vary. Based on this, the terminal determines the corresponding resource block requirement range according to parameters such as the characteristics, data volume, and transmission period of each type of control information.

[0083] For each type of control information, the terminal sets a resource block requirement range based on predefined rules. This range is closely related to the size, priority, and transmission conditions of that type of information. Specifically:

[0084] For Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ-ACK), the resource block requirement range mainly depends on the transport block (TB) size and the corresponding amount of feedback information. The terminal calculates the total amount of resources required based on the quantity and size of HARQ feedback and maps it to a specific resource block request level.

[0085] For Channel State Information (CSI), its resource block requirements are not only related to the size of the CSI report, but also to factors such as the modulation and demodulation scheme, coding method, and measurement period used by the terminal. Within the CSI reporting period, the terminal estimates the required amount of resource blocks based on the measured fine-grained channel quality indicators, and then maps it to the corresponding graded request value.

[0086] For scheduling requests (SRs), the resource requirements of this type of information are mainly determined by the presence or absence of uplink data. When a terminal needs to send uplink data but has not yet received scheduling, the SR request will trigger a resource block request, which will be mapped to a tiered request value based on the size of the requested resource.

[0087] Secondly, the terminal performs a hierarchical mapping operation based on the resource requirement range and actual data volume of each type of control information. This operation uses a predefined mapping function or mapping table to map the specific resource requirements of the control information to a hierarchical request value. This request value is represented in integer or binary form, indicating the resource level required by the terminal. The terminal selects the most appropriate hierarchical request value based on the priority of each type of control information and its resource requirements. For example, if the resource block requirement is high, the terminal may choose a higher request level to ensure sufficient uplink resources are obtained.

[0088] To ensure the efficiency and accuracy of resource requests, the terminal can dynamically adjust based on various information within the control information set. For example, when a certain type of control information (such as HARQ-ACK) requires higher priority processing, the terminal may select a correspondingly higher request value to prioritize resource acquisition. Conversely, when the amount of control information is small or the priority is low, it is mapped to a lower-level request value.

[0089] This process ensures that, under the simultaneous transmission of multiple control information requirements, the terminal can accurately estimate resource needs and efficiently request resources from the base station using tiered request values. This mapping mechanism not only improves the utilization efficiency of uplink resources but also facilitates interference management and resource scheduling within the system, thereby enhancing the overall performance of the wireless communication system.

[0090] In this embodiment, the implementation method for step S3 is described in detail as follows:

[0091] After the terminal completes the resource block demand estimation based on the uplink control information set and maps it into a graded request value, it needs to encapsulate the graded request value as an important part of the resource request, form a resource block request signaling through a certain encoding method, and send it to the base station on the specified uplink channel resources to realize the closed-loop transmission of the resource request process.

[0092] To ensure the identifiability and uniqueness of the resource block request signaling, the terminal, during the generation of this signaling, will jointly encode the currently obtained hierarchical request value with its own terminal identifier. The terminal identifier is used to identify the initiating terminal entity of the resource request, and can be implemented using a temporary identifier (such as C-RNTI) or a persistent identifier (such as UE ID) assigned by the radio access network (RAN).

[0093] The preferred joint encoding method employs a structured bit concatenation or mapping mechanism, assembling the terminal identifier's bit field and the hierarchical request value field into a resource block request frame in a preset order within a format template. Specifically, the request signaling can take the following form:

[0094] RB_Request = Encode(ID) UE ||Level Request );

[0095] Among them, ID UE Bit representation of the terminal identifier; Level Request is the binary encoded value of the hierarchical request value; || is the bit concatenation operation; Encode(·) is the encoding function, which includes steps such as bit integration, error correction and verification, and modulation preprocessing.

[0096] After encoding is completed, the terminal selects a dedicated PUCCH resource location for transmitting the request signaling based on the PUCCH (Physical Uplink Control Channel) resource allocation information configured by the base station via RRC. The PUCCH resource location preferably includes the uplink subframe number in the time domain, the physical resource block pair (PRBpair) index in the frequency domain, and optional cyclic shift parameters, to ensure reliable transmission and reception of the signaling.

[0097] The terminal schedules transmission at the selected PUCCH resource location, modulates and encodes the resource block request signaling through the physical layer signal processing flow, and then transmits it uplink. The physical layer transmission flow includes a series of processes such as modulation mapping (e.g., QPSK), physical resource mapping, power control, and transmission precoding to ensure that the signaling can be correctly received and decoded at the base station.

[0098] The mechanism assesses the uplink resource request level of each terminal, providing a basis for subsequent uplink resource scheduling. This helps in managing resource requests and avoiding conflicts in multi-terminal environments.

[0099] It should be noted that the resource block request signaling sending mechanism is closely related to the aforementioned control information detection, resource estimation, and hierarchical mapping processes, forming a complete link management process from control information status monitoring to uplink resource application.

[0100] In this embodiment, the implementation method for step S4 is described in detail as follows:

[0101] After receiving resource block request signaling containing hierarchical request values ​​from each terminal, the base station continuously records the request behavior of each terminal and constructs a long-term behavioral data structure based on this. This data is used to analyze the resource request patterns and control information change trends of the terminals, thereby assisting in subsequent uplink resource allocation optimization decisions.

[0102] In practical implementation, the base station first divides the historically collected resource block request values ​​into time windows. Using time as the sequence dimension, a multi-slot resource request behavior data structure is constructed to capture the changes in terminal request characteristics across different time slots. This data structure is preferably constructed as a three-dimensional data tensor. Where U represents the number of terminals participating in uplink requests within the statistical period; T represents the number of historical time slots, used for time series modeling of resource request data; and K represents the number of control information types, including HARQ-ACK, CSI, SR, etc., which identify the control information type corresponding to the request value.

[0103] In three-dimensional data tensors In, each element This represents the resource block request level value sent by terminal u for control information of type k within time slice t.

[0104] To achieve unified modeling and matrix processing for subsequent prediction tasks, the base station expands the aforementioned three-dimensional tensor according to the terminal dimension, transforming it into a two-dimensional matrix. Each row of the matrix corresponds to a historical request behavior vector of a terminal, while the column vectors sequentially arrange the request values ​​corresponding to different types of control information in each time slot.

[0105] Because the terminal may not send requests in certain time slots or for certain types of control information, some data may be missing in the matrix. Therefore, a low-rank matrix completion algorithm is needed to fill in the missing items in the matrix MM to generate the behavior prediction matrix. Each element (u, tk) of matrix P is the base station's prediction of the resource block request level for the u-th terminal in a future time slot for the k-th type of control information.

[0106] To ensure temporal consistency and inter-terminal behavioral similarity in the completion results, the matrix completion process is constrained based on a joint optimization objective function. Specifically, the optimization objective is as follows:

[0107]

[0108] in, For time smoothing regularization, This represents a slice of the prediction matrix in time slot t; For terminal similarity regularization, s represents the predicted slice of terminal i; ij ∈[0,1] represents the service quality similarity between terminal i and terminal j; λ1,λ2>0 are the time smoothing coefficient and similarity constraint coefficient, respectively.

[0109] The aforementioned optimization function, by introducing regularization terms in the time and space (terminal) dimensions, forms a structured matrix completion model. This model effectively fills in missing resource request data and forms a complete terminal behavior prediction matrix P. Based on this matrix, the base station can estimate the future resource request behavior patterns of terminals in advance, further guiding the pre-scheduling of uplink resources and resource pool optimization.

[0110] In this embodiment, step S5 is implemented as follows:

[0111] Based on the completed construction of the terminal behavior prediction matrix, the base station sets a global resource block allocation upper limit, denoted as R, according to the total number of uplink resource blocks available in the current time slot. total This serves as the constraint boundary in the sparse optimization scheduling process.

[0112] Subsequently, the base station uses the terminal behavior prediction matrix Extract the predicted resource block demand value for each terminal u∈{1,...,U} under the current time slot for each control information type k∈{1,...,K}, denoted as These predicted values ​​reflect the potential intensity of various control information requests from the terminal during the current scheduling cycle, and serve as the basis for subsequent resource allocation decisions.

[0113] After obtaining the predicted demand, the base station further introduces the control information type priority weight α pre-configured by the system. k This is used to reflect the relative importance of different control information in scheduling. For example, HARQ-ACK signaling, which is used to maintain the reliability of the physical link layer, can preferably be assigned a higher priority weight; information such as CSI, which is reported periodically, can preferably be assigned a medium or secondary weight.

[0114] In the specific scheduling process, the base station processes various control information types in descending order of priority. For each type of control information k, the base station determines the type based on the predicted demand value. All terminals are sorted, and resource blocks are allocated to terminals with higher predicted values ​​first. This process can be implemented using a sparsity optimization algorithm to achieve a balance between allocation sparsity and fairness.

[0115] Therefore, the system constructs the following sparse optimization objective function, aiming to maximize the weighted utility function:

[0116]

[0117] The following constraints are used as optimization constraints:

[0118]

[0119] in, Indicates the number of resource blocks allocated to terminal u on control information type k; α k >0 indicates the priority weight of control information type k, and satisfies R total R represents the total resource block budget of the current system; maxThis represents the maximum resource block allocation value for each terminal in each type of control information, used to prevent system imbalance caused by centralized resource allocation; log(1+A) u,k ) is a logarithmic utility function used to enhance sparsity and improve allocation fairness.

[0120] In practical solutions, if multiple terminals request resources for the same type of control information, and these resources conflict or overlap, the base station will adjust the scheduling based on the terminals' historical scheduling saturation. This scheduling saturation can be calculated based on statistics of the terminals' resource acquisition in previous scheduling cycles, with priority given to terminals with under-allocated resources to maintain long-term fairness.

[0121] After completing the above sparse optimization process, the base station obtains resource block scheduling result A and generates downlink control signaling based on this result, notifying the corresponding terminals of their available resource block configurations. The control signaling is transmitted through the downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or downlink control channel (PDCCH) and is parsed and executed by the terminals to ensure that the scheduling result takes effect in the next uplink scheduling cycle.

[0122] The resource block allocation mechanism comprehensively considers terminal prediction behavior, control information priority, total resource block constraints, and terminal scheduling history characteristics. Through joint optimization, it forms a stable and efficient resource scheduling result, ensuring that the system can achieve refined transmission of control information under limited resource conditions.

[0123] In this embodiment, the implementation method for step S6 is described in detail as follows:

[0124] After the base station completes the sparse optimization of resource block allocation and sends the scheduling result to the terminal via downlink control signaling, the terminal obtains the resource block allocation information based on the received scheduling signaling. The fields included in the scheduling result preferably include, but are not limited to: resource block location identifier, control information type identifier, start time slot, and periodic transmission parameters. Upon receiving the control signaling, the terminal must first complete the parsing operation of the scheduling information.

[0125] During the parsing process, the terminal identifies the frequency and time domain location of its allocated resource blocks and determines the control information type corresponding to each resource block. The control information type may include, but is not limited to, Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Acknowledgment (HARQ-ACK), Channel State Information (CSI), and Scheduling Request (SR). Based on the control information type identification result, the terminal retrieves the control information content to be transmitted, preparing to enter the physical layer transmission process.

[0126] For different types of control information, the terminal performs physical layer processing according to preset encoding and modulation methods. The encoding method may preferably include channel coding algorithms based on LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check) codes or Polar codes, and the modulation method may include mainstream modulation techniques such as QPSK and 16QAM. The specific selection of encoding and modulation can be determined according to the type of control information, transmission reliability requirements, and current network configuration strategy. The terminal synchronizes through system broadcast parameters or pre-configured parameters.

[0127] The modulated control information is mapped to a Physical Resource Block (PRB). The terminal uploads the data to the corresponding time-frequency resource location based on the parsed PRB location. During uplink transmission, the terminal transmits signals via its Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) or Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH). The signal transmission process follows the current frame structure and uplink subframe configuration to ensure that the transmission behavior is consistent with the system scheduling.

[0128] Regarding the selection of transmission time slots, the terminal determines which time slot the current control information should be transmitted in based on the transmission time slot configuration field in the control signaling issued by the base station. For periodically reported control information, such as CSI, the terminal also needs to perform repeated transmission operations in the specified periodic time slots according to the configured transmission period or triggering mechanism.

[0129] To improve the robustness of signaling transmission, when the terminal performs control information transmission, it needs to set the transmit power according to the power control parameters of the channel configured by the base station, and introduce frequency domain precoding and power allocation strategies where possible to adapt to changes in physical channel conditions and ensure the reliability of information reception.

[0130] Based on the above processing steps, the terminal can efficiently complete the uplink transmission of required control information within a limited resource block range, according to the scheduling results issued by the base station. This process, together with the resource block prediction and sparse optimization strategies on the base station side, constructs a closed-loop scheduling response mechanism, possessing excellent uplink and downlink collaborative adaptability.

[0131] The present invention also provides an apparatus for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, comprising:

[0132] The terminal-side device includes:

[0133] The control information detection module is configured to detect the set of uplink control information that needs to be transmitted currently;

[0134] The resource demand mapping module is configured to estimate and map the resource block demand of the control information set into a graded request value; the request signaling sending module is configured to send a resource block request signaling containing the graded request value to the base station.

[0135] The base station side device includes:

[0136] The behavior prediction modeling module is configured to build a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values.

[0137] The sparse optimization allocation module is configured to perform sparse optimization resource block allocation under the constraint of total resource blocks, in combination with the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority.

[0138] The scheduling result distribution module is configured to send the resource block allocation result to the terminal via downlink control signaling.

[0139] The terminal-side device also includes: a control information transmission module, configured to transmit control information via the uplink using allocated resource blocks based on the received scheduling result.

[0140] The device in this embodiment can be used to execute the above method embodiments, and its principle and technical effects are similar, so they will not be described again here.

[0141] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The terminal detects the set of uplink control information that needs to be transmitted. The terminal estimates resource block requirements based on the uplink control information set and maps them to tiered request values; The terminal sends a resource block request signaling containing the graded request value to the base station; The base station constructs a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values; Under the constraint of total resource blocks, the base station performs sparse optimization resource block allocation by combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority, and sends out the scheduling results; Based on the scheduling result, the terminal uses the allocated resource blocks to complete the transmission of control information via the uplink; The steps for the base station to construct a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values ​​include: Divide historical resource block request values ​​into time windows to generate a three-dimensional data tensor. Where U represents the number of terminals; T represents the number of historical time slots; and K represents the number of control information types. The three-dimensional data tensor is expanded into a two-dimensional matrix according to the terminal dimension. The missing values ​​are filled in using a low-rank matrix completion algorithm to generate the terminal behavior prediction matrix P.

2. The method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The uplink control information set includes at least one of the following: hybrid automatic repeat request, channel state information, and scheduling request.

3. The method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of the terminal estimating resource block requirements based on the uplink control information set and mapping them to tiered request values ​​includes: Determine the corresponding resource block requirement range based on the type of control information; Based on the data volume of various control information in the uplink control information set, a tiered request value is selected within the corresponding resource block requirement range.

4. The method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of the terminal sending a resource block request signaling containing the graded request value to the base station includes: The hierarchical request value is jointly encoded with the terminal identifier to generate a resource block request signaling; The resource block request signaling is sent to the base station at the dedicated resource location of the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUCCH).

5. The method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimization objective of the low-rank matrix completion algorithm is: in, For time smoothing regularization, This represents a slice of the prediction matrix in time slot t; For terminal similarity regularization, s represents the predicted slice of terminal i; ij ∈[0,1] represents the service quality similarity between terminal i and terminal j; λ1,λ2>0 are the time smoothing coefficient and similarity constraint coefficient, respectively.

6. The method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of the base station performing sparse optimization resource block allocation under the constraint of total resource blocks, combining the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority, and issuing the scheduling results include: The base station sets a resource block allocation limit based on the total number of currently available resource blocks; The base station extracts the predicted resource block demand values ​​for each control information type of each terminal from the terminal behavior prediction matrix; The base station processes each type of control information in descending order of priority according to the preset priority of the control information types; Under each priority level, the base station performs sparse optimization on the corresponding control information of all terminals, prioritizing the allocation of terminals with higher predicted values. When some resource blocks have overlapping requests, the base station performs conflict mediation based on the terminal's historical scheduling saturation. Under the premise of satisfying the total resource block constraint, the base station performs overall sparse optimization of resource block allocation and sends the scheduling results to each terminal through downlink control signaling.

7. The method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The optimization objective of the mathematical model for sparse optimized resource block allocation is defined as follows: Maximize the weighted utility function: The following constraints are used as optimization constraints: in, Indicates the number of resource blocks allocated to terminal u on control information type k; α k >0 indicates the priority weight of control information type k, and satisfies R total R represents the total resource block budget of the current system; max This represents the maximum resource block allocation value for each terminal on each type of control information; log(1+A) u,k ) is a logarithmic utility function used to enhance sparsity and improve allocation fairness.

8. The method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps by which the terminal, based on the scheduling result, uses the allocated resource blocks to complete the transmission of control information via the uplink include: The terminal receives the resource block allocation information contained in the scheduling result sent by the base station; The terminal parses the uplink resource block location and the corresponding control information type indicated in the resource block allocation information; The terminal encodes and modulates the control information to be transmitted according to a preset encoding and modulation method; The terminal performs uplink transmission at the time-frequency resource location corresponding to the allocated resource block, according to the encoding and modulation results; The terminal executes the uplink transmission process of the control information according to the transmission time slot or transmission period configured by the base station.

9. A device for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system, applied to the method for transmitting uplink control information in a wireless communication system as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: The terminal-side device includes: The control information detection module is configured to detect the set of uplink control information that needs to be transmitted currently; The resource demand mapping module is configured to estimate and map the resource block demand of the control information set into hierarchical request values; The request signaling sending module is configured to send resource block request signaling containing the graded request value to the base station; The base station side device includes: The behavior prediction modeling module is configured to build a terminal behavior prediction matrix based on historical resource block request values. The sparse optimization allocation module is configured to perform sparse optimization resource block allocation under the constraint of total resource blocks, in combination with the prediction matrix and the preset control information type priority. The scheduling result distribution module is configured to send the resource block allocation result to the terminal via downlink control signaling. The terminal-side device also includes a control information transmission module, configured to use allocated resource blocks to complete control information transmission via the uplink based on the received scheduling results.

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