Toad and earthworm intercropping system and intercropping method based on towel gourd planting

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation, and particularly relates to intercropping, in particular to a toad and earthworm intercropping system and intercropping method based on towel gourd plant.The intercropping system comprises an intercropping land selected as an intercropping area, and peripheral supporting rods are arranged around the intercropping land; the lower portions of the peripheral supporting rods are provided with edge-proof fences which enclose the intercropping area into a space with the lower portion closed, towel gourd climbing frames are erected between the tops of the peripheral supporting rods, breeding ditches are formed in the closed space defined by the edge-proof fences and close to the edge-proof fences, and a blocking net is arranged above a middle area defined by the breeding ditches. Loofah climbing rods are arranged in the intercropping land at intervals. According to the intercropping system disclosed by the invention, the characteristics and advantages of the towel gourds, the toads and the earthworms are brought into full play through spatial layering, resource circulation and biological isolation by re-dividing and re-arranging a breeding area, and the economic value is maximized. Meanwhile, under the culture system, the content of venenum bufonis in toad bodies can be remarkably increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, especially polyculture, and specifically relates to a toad and earthworm polyculture system and polyculture method based on loofah cultivation. Background Art

[0002] Toads have attracted much attention because they can produce precious Chinese medicinal materials such as toad venom, toad skin, and dried toads. In recent years, due to the increasingly deteriorating ecological environment and the sharp reduction of wild resources, toads are mainly artificially cultured.

[0003] Currently, there are mainly two types of artificial cultivation methods for toads. One is determined according to the natural environment. For example, areas such as ponds, riversides, or fields are selected, and toads are simply enclosed and stocked by fences. The environment of such sites is complex and changeable, with great difficulty in artificial management, lack of food supply, and toads are prone to gather in groups, resulting in low site utilization rate. Toads are in a poor state for a long time, with low immunity, and are extremely prone to illness or even death. The other is indoor or greenhouse artificial breeding. Although the breeding conditions such as temperature and humidity are easy to control in indoor or greenhouse environments, due to the significant difference between the indoor or greenhouse environment and the natural outdoor environment, toads cannot access natural food and stimuli, making it difficult for them to adapt to the artificially created environment, resulting in unbalanced nutrition, weak constitution, being prone to illness, and poor medicinal effects.

[0004] In order to improve the breeding conditions of toads, the breeding method has been optimized. For example, a toad ecological breeding system and polyculture and intercropping method disclosed in Chinese Patent Application CN109588369A. A water storage pool is opened on the ground, a sand layer is laid at the bottom of the water storage pool, a shallow water area and a deep water area of the pool are arranged inside, aquatic products are cultured in the pool, a shed frame steel pipe is installed on the ground, a nylon net is arranged at the top of the shed frame steel pipe, ridges are built on the top of the ground, crops are planted on the top of the ridges, an artificial feeder is arranged on the top of the ground, and a climbing plant planting area located outside the shed frame steel pipe is arranged at the top. This toad ecological breeding system and polyculture and intercropping method make the most effective use of land resources, thus bringing as much income as possible while also realizing a polyculture and intercropping breeding method mainly based on toad breeding and supplemented by other breeding and planting.

[0005] However, for the breeding method using this system, although it can increase other breeding and planting to a certain extent, the efficiency is not significant, and the economic value improvement is not obvious. Moreover, for the toads bred in this way, like those bred by other existing methods, the amount of toad venom is limited, which also limits the economic value of toads. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a toad and earthworm polyculture system and polyculture method based on loofah cultivation in view of the above-mentioned defects in toad breeding.

[0007] First, the present invention provides a toad and earthworm co-culture system based on loofah cultivation. Based on the cultivation characteristics of loofah and the breeding characteristics of toads and earthworms, potential conflicts in the cultivation and breeding process are solved through spatial stratification, resource recycling, biological isolation, and precise management, forming a complementary ecological cycle system, thereby giving full play to their respective maximum advantages and achieving greater economic value.

[0008] Specifically, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] The toad and earthworm co-culture system based on loofah cultivation includes a co-culture area selected as the co-culture site. There are peripheral support rods arranged along the periphery of the co-culture site. At the lower part of the peripheral support rods, there is an anti-edge fence that encloses the co-culture area into a lower-closed space. Between the tops of the peripheral support rods, there is a loofah climbing frame. Inside the closed space enclosed by the anti-edge fence and near the anti-edge fence, there is a breeding ditch. Above the middle area enclosed by the breeding ditch, there is a net, and the edge of the net extends into the co-culture site for fixation. Loofah climbing rods are arranged at intervals in the co-culture site.

[0010] In the above solution of the present invention, through spatial stratification, the loofah is located on the upper loofah climbing frame, meeting the requirement of the loofah for sufficient sunlight to grow. At the same time, the loofah forms a shaded environment in the upper layer, meeting the requirement of the earthworms and toads in the middle and lower layers for a shaded environment. The earthworms are bred in the lower layer on the ground or in shallow soil to avoid direct sunlight. The toads are bred in the middle layer, where the middle layer includes the area above the net and the breeding ditch area between the net and the anti-edge fence. The net is used to separate the breeding areas of the toads and earthworms.

[0011] In the prior art, for the co-culture and intercropping methods of toads, it is mainly based on toads. For example, although toads and earthworms are co-cultured, the situation of toads eating earthworms is not considered, and more often, the cultured earthworms are used as the food source of toads. Although using earthworms as the food source of toads can save part of the toad feed, compared with the economic value of the earthworms themselves, it is not the economic maximization. In the present invention, the net is used to separate the toad breeding area from the earthworm breeding area, so that toads and earthworms can be co-cultured at the same time, and it can be ensured that the earthworms are not preyed on by the toads, maximizing the economic value of the earthworms.

[0012] At the same time, the present invention can plant loofahs at intervals in the co-culture site. Using the loofah climbing rods, the loofah vines can climb upward and finally reach the loofah climbing frame between the tops of the peripheral support rods, so that a shaded area can be formed above the co-culture site, which is beneficial to ensuring a cool breeding environment for toads and earthworms in summer.

[0013] Meanwhile, in the above solution of the present invention, the toads mainly move above the net and in the breeding ditches. Toads are amphibians and rely on a moist environment. The breeding ditches can meet the toads' need for a moist environment, provide a place for toads to lay eggs, and also provide a place for releasing the initial tadpoles. Above the net is the main activity area of the toads, ensuring that the activity range of the toads is large enough, increasing their activity frequency, and avoiding a series of problems caused by excessive aggregation of toads. The setting of the net makes the activity area of the toads closer to the loofah vines. By means of the insects on the loofah vines, the movement of the toads is induced, thereby further enhancing the activity frequency of the toads.

[0014] Meanwhile, the inventor of the present invention also found that using this system to breed toads has a positive effect on the bufotalin content of toads. Compared with other current breeding methods, the bufotalin content has been significantly improved, thus further increasing the economic value of toads. The inventor speculated that this discovery might be because the system enhanced the activity of the toads. An increase in the activity level of the toads would increase the metabolic rate, promote the renewal of glandular cells and the synthesis of secretions, and might indirectly increase the yield of bufotalin.

[0015] In the prior art, the improvement of bufotalin content is mostly achieved by improving the fed feed. In the solution of the present invention, through the design of the structure of the polyculture system, the activity of the toads is enhanced to achieve the improvement of the toad content.

[0016] Preferably, the system is further provided with a vibration structure acting on the draw net. The vibration structure acts on the draw net to make the draw net vibrate slightly, so as to drive the toads to actively move, reduce the aggregation of toads, and at the same time is beneficial to increasing the resistance of the toads. Moreover, this setting to drive the toads to actively move also verifies the inventor's previous speculation that an increase in the activity level of toads will increase the yield of bufotalin. In the breeding environment with the vibration structure turned on, the bufotalin content of the toads has been further improved. At the same time, the setting of the vibration structure is also beneficial to shaking off the residual plant bodies such as loofah leaves on the draw net, making them fall into the earthworm breeding area, where they are decomposed by earthworms after being decomposed, and converted into earthworm manure rich in nutrients.

[0017] Preferably, the dragnet includes two parts with different mesh sizes, a large-mesh area with larger meshes located in the middle region and a small-mesh area with smaller meshes located on the periphery of the large-mesh area, and a partition is provided between the large-mesh area and the small-mesh area. The setting of the dragnet obviously has positive effects. However, there are also some conflicts. The purpose of the residual plant bodies falling from the loofah vines is to fall into the earthworm breeding area for the earthworms to decompose. And for the setting of the dragnet, if the mesh is too small, it will prevent the residual plant bodies of the loofah from reaching the earthworm breeding area. But if the mesh of the dragnet is too large, toads will fall, especially the small juvenile toads. Therefore, in this solution, by combining large and small meshes, during the juvenile toad stage, the juvenile toads are blocked in the small-mesh area by the partition. Since the juvenile toads are small in size, the small-mesh area is sufficient for them to move around fully. When the juvenile toads grow up and cannot fall through the large-mesh area, the partition is opened (or removed) to expand the activity area of the toads to the entire netting.

[0018] Preferably, at the fixed position of the netting and the polyculture area, there is a certain distance from the edge of the breeding ditch, so as to form a land area between the breeding ditch and the netting. This land area can provide an activity area for toads other than the breeding ditch and the dragnet, enriching the types of toad activity areas. At the same time, some plants can also be planted in this land area, such as cattail, mint, marigold, houttuynia cordata, wormwood, etc.

[0019] Preferably, the dragnet includes a horizontal area that is basically horizontal and an inclined area between the breeding area and the horizontal area. Among them, the height of the horizontal area, that is, the distance between the horizontal area and the polyculture area, is preferably 10 cm to 30 cm. The setting of the inclined area is beneficial to the activity of toads, enabling them to climb onto the horizontal area more easily.

[0020] Preferably, a feeding platform is provided in the land area. Preferably, a feeding platform with a vibration motor is used to vibrate the food to simulate moving insects and enhance the toads' appetite for catching food.

[0021] Preferably, insect-attracting lights are arranged in the polyculture area, and they can be placed at any suitable position, such as on the netting, beside the breeding ditch, on the outer support rods, on the anti-edge fences, on the loofah climbing rods, etc.

[0022] Preferably, a water spray pipe is installed beside the feeding platform.

[0023] Preferably, the breeding ditch is connected to a drainage ditch, and the drainage ditch communicates with a ditch outside the polyculture area. In case of heavy rain and other situations, when the water in the breeding ditch overflows, it can be drained in time to prevent it from overflowing to the earthworm breeding area under the netting and causing the earthworms to lack oxygen.

[0024] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a polyculture method based on the above polyculture system, including the following steps:

[0025] S1. Disinfect the polyculture area;

[0026] S2. In the earthworm breeding area under the netting, apply 1 - 20 tons of a mixture of rotten cotton and cow dung per mu, leave it for 7 - 10 days, and then release 50 - 100 kg of earthworm seedlings per mu. This step is completed before installing the netting;

[0027] S3. Release tadpoles with legs, 30,000 per mu;

[0028] S4. After releasing the tadpoles with legs, spray water in time to keep the soil moist, and feed Tenebrio molitor in time, once in the morning and once in the evening every day, continuously for 10 - 15 days. After that, feed with 90% Tenebrio molitor and 10% pellet feed simultaneously, and gradually reduce the proportion of Tenebrio molitor by 10% every 2 days, while increasing the pellet feed.

[0029] Preferably, the earthworms are Allolobophora caliginosa trapezoides.

[0030] Preferably, the toads are Bufo gargarizans or Bufo melanostictus.

[0031] By implementing the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0032] The polyculture system of the present invention, through redistributing and arranging the breeding area, by means of spatial stratification, resource recycling, and biological isolation, gives full play to the various characteristics and advantages of loofah, toads, and earthworms, maximizing the economic value. At the same time, under this breeding system, the content of bufotalin in toads can also be significantly increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic plan view of the polyculture system disclosed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a top view of the polyculture system disclosed by the present invention (in order to more clearly show the structure, the loofah climbing frame is not included in this figure);

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic plan view of the netting in the polyculture system disclosed by the present invention;

[0036] In the figure, 100 - polyculture area, 101 - dam, 102 - land area, 200 - outer support pole, 300 - anti - edge fence, 400 - breeding ditch, 500 - netting, 501 - large - mesh area, 502 - small - mesh area, 600 - loofah climbing pole, 700 - loofah climbing frame, 801 - insect - attracting lamp, 802 - feeding platform, 803 - water - spraying pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0037] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] This embodiment provides a toad and earthworm polyculture system based on loofah cultivation, including a polyculture area 100 selected as the polyculture region. The rule of the polyculture area in this embodiment is about 30 meters long and about 20 meters wide. A number of pits are dug along the edge of the breeding area, and peripheral support rods 200 are inserted into the pits and fixed. They are arranged at a density of one per meter. The design of the peripheral support rods is to install an anti-edge fence 300 later to ensure that toads will not jump out of the breeding area. The peripheral support rods can be steel pipes, plastic pipes, wooden pipes, etc., and steel pipes are preferred. A lower part of the peripheral support rod is provided with an anti-edge fence that encloses the polyculture area into a lower-closed space. The anti-edge fence can be formed by piling bricks, or can be surrounded by wire mesh or plastic mesh. In this embodiment, plastic mesh is preferably used. The jumping height of adult toads is about 20-40 cm. In order to prevent superposition of jumps during group restlessness, the height of the anti-edge fence is preferably about 0.7 to 1 meter. It is fixed to the peripheral support rod with thin iron wire. The bottom of the plastic mesh is inserted about 10 cm into the bottom of the breeding area to ensure the protection effect. A smooth plastic board (1 meter high) can also be installed inside the plastic mesh to further prevent toads from jumping and escaping.

[0040] Inside the anti-edge fence, that is, within the circled polyculture area, close to the protective fence, a breeding ditch 400 is dug. The outer side of the breeding ditch is spaced 40-50 cm from the anti-edge fence, forming a dam 101. It can not only separate the breeding ditch from the protective fence, prevent the direct contact between the protective fence and the breeding ditch from resulting in poor fixing effects of the peripheral support rods and the protective fence, but also provide a walking passage for breeders, facilitating the daily operations of breeders in the breeding area. The breeding ditch is about 1 meter wide and about 40 cm deep. Gentle slopes are provided on both sides of the breeding ditch to guide toads, especially young toads, to transition to the land. A plastic film can be laid at the bottom of the breeding ditch to retain water and maintain a stable water level in the breeding ditch. A 5-10 cm clean sand layer can also be laid on the film, and aquatic plants (such as water hyacinths) can be planted in the breeding ditch to provide some ecological functions. One or several ditch dams spanning the breeding ditch can be set up to facilitate personnel to enter the middle area through the breeding ditch. The breeding ditch is connected to a drainage ditch, and the drainage ditch communicates with the ditch outside the polyculture area.

[0041] In the middle area enclosed by the breeding ditches, the ground and below are used as the earthworm breeding area. In this area, a barrier net is arranged. The barrier net can be a wire net or a plastic net, preferably a wire net, with a layer of plastic skin wrapped outside the wire net. This can not only ensure the firmness of the barrier net but also ensure that it will not rust during long-term outdoor use and is not likely to cause damage to the skin of toads. The barrier net is fixed by multiple support poles inserted into the middle area. Similarly, the support poles and the outer support poles can be steel pipes, plastic pipes, wooden pipes, etc., preferably steel pipes. The barrier net is fixed to the support poles by iron wires. The periphery of the barrier net is inserted about 10 cm into the ground. At the insertion point, a plastic film is also vertically laid into the ground to prevent earthworms from getting out of the earthworm breeding area to the area outside the barrier net coverage. The barrier net slopes upward from the insertion point, and the middle area is approximately horizontal. That is, the barrier net includes two parts. The middle part is a horizontal area that is basically horizontal, and the surrounding is an inclined area. Among them, the height of the horizontal area, that is, the distance between the horizontal area and the polyculture area, is preferably 10 cm to 30 cm, with about 30 cm being more preferred. There is a land area with a certain distance between the breeding ditch and the insertion point of the barrier net and the ground. This area is the land activity area for toads.

[0042] The barrier net 500 includes two parts with different mesh sizes, a large-mesh area 501 with larger mesh sizes located in the middle area and a small-mesh area 502 with smaller mesh sizes located on the periphery of the large-mesh area. A partition is arranged between the large-mesh area and the small-mesh area. The setting of the pull net obviously has positive effects. However, at the same time, there are also some conflicts. The residual plant bodies that fall from the loofah vines are intended to fall into the earthworm breeding area for the earthworms to decompose. With the setting of the pull net, if the mesh size is too small, it will prevent the residual plant bodies of the loofah from reaching the earthworm breeding area. But if the mesh size of the pull net is too large, toads will fall, especially the small juvenile toads. Therefore, in this solution, by combining large and small mesh sizes, during the juvenile toad stage, the juvenile toads are blocked in the small-mesh area by the partition. Since the juvenile toads are small in size, the small-mesh area is sufficient for them to move around fully. When the juvenile toads grow up and are unable to fall through the large-mesh area, the partition is opened (or removed) to expand the toad activity area to the entire barrier net. The partition is made of a wire net with a layer of plastic skin wrapped outside, the same as the barrier net, and the mesh size can be the same as that of the smaller-mesh area. The bottom of the partition is fixed to the barrier net, and the top can be fixed to the loofah climbing frame or loofah climbing pole, etc., by ropes. The height of the partition is about 50 cm, which is high enough to prevent the juvenile toads from jumping into the large-mesh area.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, some vibration motors are also arranged in the netting area. The vibration motors are installed on the loofah climbing poles and act on the netting. Under the action of the vibration motors, the netting can vibrate slightly. The vibration amplitude should be such that it can be perceived by toads but does not affect the normal activities of toads. For example, the vibration amplitude is about 2 mm, and the vibration frequency is controlled at 2 - 5 Hz. It can vibrate intermittently. For example, it pauses for 1 minute after vibrating for 2 minutes, or vibrates with a multi-frequency combination. For example, it alternately uses 2 Hz and 4 Hz vibrations to increase the diversity of stimuli and further promote the active activities of toads.

[0044] A number of loofah climbing poles 600 are arranged in the middle area enclosed by the breeding ditches. The number depends on the area of the breeding area. Generally, one pole is set for every 40 to 60 square meters. The loofah climbing poles can share the same pole with the support poles, or not share, or partially share. The top of the loofah climbing pole passes through the netting, and the netting is fixed to the loofah climbing pole at the passing position.

[0045] In the design of the outer support poles, in addition to installing the anti-edge fence, it also provides an installation fulcrum for the loofah climbing frame. A loofah climbing frame 700 is erected between the tops of the outer support poles. Therefore, the height of the outer support poles is generally designed to be about two meters. In this way, the height of the shade shed formed by the loofah is also about 2 to 2.5 meters, ensuring ventilation inside the polyculture area. The loofah climbing frame uses not only the outer support poles as the installation fulcrum but also the loofah climbing poles as the fulcrum. The loofah climbing frame is composed of several poles (metal poles, plastic poles, bamboo poles, etc.), which are arranged in a scattered manner between the outer support poles and the loofah climbing poles, thus forming a frame for the loofah vines to climb.

[0046] Insect-trapping lights 801 are arranged throughout the polyculture area, installed on the loofah climbing poles, or on the netting, or on the loofah climbing frame. The installation density is one per 50 square meters. In the land area outside the netting-covered area, feeding platforms 802 are installed. Each feeding platform can be correspondingly installed with a vibrator. The number of feeding platforms can be determined according to the number of toads cultured in the breeding area. At the same time, a water spray pipe 803 is installed beside each feeding platform, and the water spray pipe is connected to a nozzle. When the environmental temperature is too high, water is sprayed for cooling.

[0047] A power supply device is also configured in the polyculture area, which can be a storage battery or connected to the power system, providing lighting for the polyculture area and power for power-consuming facilities such as insect-trapping lights, vibrators, and vibration motors. Or a solar power supply system is configured for the polyculture area to reduce the electricity cost.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] This example provides a polyculture method for loofah, toads, and earthworms. Based on the toad and earthworm polyculture system for loofah cultivation in Example 1, it includes the following steps:

[0050] S1. After installing the structures inside the system, disinfect the polyculture area (installed after the netting).

[0051] S2. In the earthworm breeding area below the set netting installation position, apply 15 tons of a mixture of rotten cotton and cow dung (1:6) per mu, leave it for 7 days, then release 80 kg of earthworm seedlings per mu (use *Pheretima guillelmi*), and install the netting.

[0052] S3. Release tadpoles (Bufo gargarizans) with hind legs, 30,000 per mu.

[0053] S4. After releasing the tadpoles with hind legs, spray water in time to moisten the soil, and feed Tenebrio molitor larvae with a specification of 0.5 - 1 g as bait in time, once in the morning and once in the evening every day. The feeding amount is about 0.4 kg for every 10,000 tadpoles on the first day, and then increase by 0.1 kg / 10,000 every day, and feed continuously for 15 days. After that, feed with 90% Tenebrio molitor larvae and 10% pellet feed at the same time (at this time, start to turn on the vibration motor of the netting regularly every day, vibrate for 3 hours every day at a frequency of 4 Hz). Every 2 days, gradually reduce the proportion of Tenebrio molitor larvae to feed by 10% and increase the pellet feed (Toad Expanded Compound Feed - Hongyin of Yangzhou Hongda Feed Co., Ltd.). Weigh samples every week and adjust the feeding amount to about 8% of the toad weight. The breeding cycle is 6 - 12 months.

[0054] Using the method of Example 2, at 8 months of breeding, count the survival rate of toads and the average bufotalin content. The detection methods and results are as follows:

[0055] Survival rate: (Number of released - Number of dead) / Number of released, which is 89.6% in this example.

[0056] Average bufotalin content: Randomly capture 5 toads, take the bufotalin, dry it, and weigh it. The average bufotalin content of the toads is 0.65 g / toad.

[0057] In addition, in order to verify the advantages of the polyculture system of the present invention, several comparative schemes were also carried out.

[0058] Comparative scheme 1: Use the polyculture system of Example 1, which is different from the method in Example 2 in that the vibration motor of the netting is not turned on.

[0059] Comparative scheme 2: The polyculture system used is different from the polyculture system of Example 1 in that no netting is laid.

[0060] Survival rate: 83.4% for Comparative scheme 1 and 76.2% for Comparative scheme 2. Compared with the method of Example 2, the survival rate of toads in Comparative scheme 1 decreased to a certain extent, but the decrease in Comparative scheme 2 was smaller. In Comparative scheme 2, without the netting set, the activity enthusiasm of toads was low and the aggregation phenomenon was more obvious, which had a greater impact on the survival rate.

[0061] Average bufotalin content: The average bufotalin content of toads in Comparative Scheme 1 was 0.43 g / toad, and that in Comparative Scheme 2 was 0.31 g / toad. The bufotalin contents of toads obtained in Comparative Scheme 1 and Comparative Scheme 2 were both significantly lower than that in Example 2, and the decrease in Comparative Scheme 2 was more significant. This result shows that the polyculture system and method in the present invention can increase the bufotalin content of toads.

Claims

1. A toad and earthworm polyculture system based on loofah cultivation, including a polyculture area selected as the polyculture site, characterized in that, Peripheral support rods are arranged around the polyculture area. An anti-edge fence is provided at the lower part of the peripheral support rods to enclose a lower-closed space for the polyculture area. A loofah climbing frame is erected between the tops of the peripheral support rods. A breeding ditch is dug inside the closed space enclosed by the anti-edge fence and near the anti-edge fence. A net is arranged above the middle area enclosed by the breeding ditch, and the edge of the net extends into the polyculture area for fixation. Loofah climbing rods are arranged at intervals in the polyculture area.

2. The toad and earthworm polyculture system based on sponge gourd planting according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vibration structure acting on the draw net is also provided.

3. The toad and earthworm polyculture system based on sponge gourd cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The draw net includes a large mesh area with larger mesh holes located in the middle area and a small mesh area with smaller mesh holes located on the periphery of the large mesh area. A partition is arranged between the large mesh area and the small mesh area.

4. The toad and earthworm polyculture system based on loofah cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, At the fixed position of the net and the polyculture area, there is a certain distance from the edge of the breeding ditch to form a land area between the breeding ditch and the net.

5. The toad and earthworm polyculture system based on towel gourd planting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The draw net includes a substantially horizontal area and an inclined area from the breeding ground to the horizontal area. Among them, the height of the horizontal area, that is, the distance between the horizontal area and the polyculture area, is 10 cm to 30 cm.

6. The toad and earthworm polyculture system based on loofah cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A feeding platform is arranged in the land area.

7. The toad and earthworm polyculture system based on sponge gourd cultivation according to claim 1, wherein Insect attracting lights are arranged in the polyculture area.

8. The toad and earthworm polyculture system based on loofah cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water spray pipe is installed beside the feeding platform.

9. The polyculture method based on the polyculture system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Disinfect the polyculture area; S2. In the earthworm breeding area under the net, apply 1 - 20 tons of a mixture of rotten cotton and cow dung per mu, leave it for 7 - 10 days, and then release 50 - 100 kg of earthworm seedlings per mu; S3. Release tadpoles with legs, 30,000 per mu; S4. After releasing the tadpoles with legs, spray water in time to make the soil moist, and feed the bait Tenebrio molitor in time, once in the morning and once in the evening every day, continuously for 10 - 15 days, and then use a mixture of Tenebrio molitor and pellet feed for mixed feeding.

10. The polyculture method according to claim 9, wherein, The earthworms are Pheretima hupeiensis, and the toads are Bufo gargarizans or Bufo melanostictus.

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