Tricholoma matsutake artificial cultivation method based on cave depot environment

Abstract

The invention relates to a cavern environment-based tricholoma matsutake artificial cultivation method, and relates to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and the method comprises the following steps: mushroom stick preparation: mixing pine sawdust, corncob, bran, rice bran and an additive, adding water, bagging, sterilizing with high-pressure steam or normal-pressure steam, and inoculating tricholoma matsutake strains into each bag; environment construction: installing temperature and humidity regulation and light scattering equipment in cave depots, natural caves and air-raid shelters with the soil layer thickness of more than 50 m, the constant temperature of 10-20 DEG C and the humidity of 70-90%; in the hypha stage, the temperature is controlled to be 15-18 DEG C, the humidity is controlled to be 70-80%, and culture is conducted for 40-60 days; in the fruiting stage, the temperature is lowered to 12-16 DEG C in a stepped mode, the humidity is increased to 85-90%, and harvesting is conducted after fruiting bodies are induced to be formed. And recycling resources: crushing the waste mushroom sticks, and mixing the crushed waste mushroom sticks with soil according to a ratio of 1: 3 to prepare a fertilizer or mixing 10-30% of a new material for reuse. The produced tricholoma matsutake has the tricholoma matsutake alcohol content of 77.21 mg / kg and the polysaccharide content of 2.67%, the active components of the tricholoma matsutake are equal to those of wild tricholoma matsutake, the hypha germination rate is greater than or equal to 95%, the growth period is shortened to 40-60 days, and the raw material consumption is reduced by

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, and in particular to an artificial cultivation method of matsutake mushrooms based on a cave storage environment. Background Art

[0002] Matsutake (Tricholoma matsutake), a rare edible and medicinal fungus, has significant pharmacological value in anti-tumor, immune-enhancing, and radiation-resistant fields due to its rich content of active substances such as matsutake alcohol, polysaccharides, and peptides. Currently, matsutake is mainly collected from the wild, and its growth has extremely demanding environmental requirements: it requires the symbiosis of specific tree species (such as pine and oak), a soil pH of 4.5-5.5, a temperature of 15-25°C, and a humidity of more than 80%, and relies on a weak scattered light environment. Therefore, its natural growth cycle is as long as 5-6 years, and it is extremely susceptible to climate change, resulting in a production of less than 0.1% of global demand. Current attempts at artificial cultivation face two major bottlenecks:

[0003] 1. Failure of environmental simulation: Conventional greenhouses or laboratories cannot reproduce the symbiotic microbial environment, constant temperature and humidity, and low light conditions required by matsutake mushrooms, making it difficult for mycelium to form fruiting bodies;

[0004] 2. Loss of active ingredients: The content of matsutake alcohol in matsutake produced by existing cultivation technology is generally less than 20 mg / kg (less than 30% of wild matsutake), and the core medicinal ingredients are seriously missing.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, a method for artificial cultivation of Matsutake mushrooms based on a cave storage environment is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for artificially cultivating matsutake mushrooms based on a cave storage environment.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: 1. In the first aspect, a method for artificially cultivating matsutake mushrooms based on a cave storage environment comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: Preparation of mushroom sticks:

[0009] S11: Mix the following raw materials by weight: 50-60% pine sawdust, 20-30% corn cobs, 10-15% bran, 10-15% rice bran, 1-2% gypsum powder, and 0.5-1% lime powder;

[0010] S12: Add water and stir until the water content reaches 60-65%;

[0011] S13: The mixture is placed into a polypropylene or polyethylene plastic bag, the tightness of which is sufficient for the mushroom stick to be flexible and not deformed when held by hand;

[0012] S14: High pressure steam sterilization: pressure 1.2-1.5kg / cm 2 Maintain for 1.5-2 hours;

[0013] S15: Aseptically inoculate 5-10g of matsutake mushrooms into each bag;

[0014] S2: Cave environment construction:

[0015] S21: Choose a cave with a soil layer thickness of more than 50 meters, a temperature of 10-20°C all year round, a humidity of 70-90%, natural ventilation, and a light intensity of ≤500 lux;

[0016] S22: After disinfection with ultraviolet light and lime water, install adjustable ventilation equipment, atomizing humidification equipment and light-shielding equipment;

[0017] S3: Mycelial culture:

[0018] Place the inoculated bacteria sticks on the culture rack, control the temperature at 15-18°C and the humidity at 70-80%, ventilate 1-2 times a day, each time for 30-60 minutes, and culture for 40-60 days until the mycelium fills the bag;

[0019] S4: Fruiting Management:

[0020] S41: Adjust the environment to 12-16°C and 85-90% humidity, turn on the diffuse light (light intensity 100-300 lux), and ventilate 2-3 times a day for 30-60 minutes each time.

[0021] S42: Induce primordium formation by stepwise cooling (1-2°C per day) combined with increasing humidity to 90%;

[0022] S43: When the edges of the fruiting body cap curl inward and the gills turn white, cut and harvest from the base of the stipe.

[0023] In this application, the following effects are achieved by simulating the growth conditions of wild matsutake mushrooms in a cave environment:

[0024] The quality of Matsutake is controllable and its ingredients meet the standards: artificially cultivated Matsutake has been tested to be rich in 23 active substances, including matsutake alcohol (77.21 mg / kg), matsutake polypeptide: 25.46%, matsutake polysaccharide (2.67%), etc. Its matsutake alcohol content is 15 times that of wild Matsutake, and its polypeptide content is 5 times that of wild Matsutake. The polysaccharide content is equivalent to that of wild Matsutake. The components of matsutake alcohol, polypeptide, polysaccharide and amino acid meet the requirements of medicinal value, proving that this cultivation method can effectively maintain the core nutrients of Matsutake and its anti-tumor and immune-enhancing biological activities.

[0025] Breaking through environmental limitations to achieve stable high yields: By precisely controlling the cave environmental parameters (temperature 10-20°C, humidity 70-90%, weak light ≤500lux), and using step-by-step cooling (12-16°C) and humidity adjustment (85-90%) to induce mushroom production, the difficult problems of harsh growth conditions and unstable yields of wild matsutake mushrooms have been solved, the mycelium germination rate has reached more than 95%, and the fruiting body formation cycle has been shortened to 40-60 days.

[0026] Resource recycling reduces production costs: After the mushroom sticks are recovered, they are crushed and mixed with soil in a ratio of 1:3 to produce organic fertilizer, or mixed with new culture medium at a ratio of 10-30% for recycling, reducing raw material consumption by more than 30%, meeting the cost control needs in large-scale production.

[0027] Standardized production ensures quality and safety: combining automated equipment to control mushroom stick preparation (100% sterilization qualification rate), environmental sensors to adjust temperature and humidity (fluctuation ±1°C), regular ingredient testing and other technical means to ensure that each batch of Matsutake is free of heavy metal contamination, has a stable content of active substances, and meets safety standards in the pharmaceutical and food fields.

[0028] In a specific embodiment of the first aspect, the sterilization step in step S14 can be replaced by normal pressure steam sterilization, maintained at 100° C. for 8-10 hours.

[0029] In a specific implementation of the first aspect, the invention further comprises:

[0030] S5: Mushroom stick recycling:

[0031] S51: After harvesting, remove impurities from the surface of the mushroom sticks, crush them, and mix them with soil in a mass ratio of 1:3 to produce organic fertilizer;

[0032] S52: Add 10-30% of the crushed bacteria sticks to new culture medium and re-bag for sterilization.

[0033] In a specific implementation of the first aspect, in step S11:

[0034] The pine sawdust is composed of larch or spruce sawdust, and has a particle size of 2-5 mm.

[0035] In a specific implementation of the first aspect, in step S42:

[0036] The step-by-step cooling is as follows: starting from 18°C, the temperature is lowered by 1°C every day to 16°C, maintained for 3 days, the temperature is lowered by 1°C every day to 14°C, and maintained for another 3 days before being lowered to 12°C.

[0037] Secondly, a mushroom stick for implementing a method for artificially cultivating matsutake mushrooms based on a cave environment, wherein the raw materials of the mushroom stick are composed of 50-60% pine sawdust, 20-30% corn cobs, 10-15% bran, 10-15% rice bran, 1-2% gypsum powder, and 0.5-1% lime powder in percentage by weight.

[0038] In a third aspect, a matsutake cultivation system for an artificial cultivation method of matsutake in a cave environment is provided, comprising:

[0039] A1: Environmental control unit located in a cave with a soil layer thickness of more than 50 meters, including:

[0040] Temperature sensor linked to cooling / heating device (temperature control range 10-20℃)

[0041] Humidity sensor linked to ultrasonic atomizer (humidity control range 70-90%)

[0042] Light sensor linked to LED fill light (light intensity adjustable to 100-500 lux)

[0043] Timed ventilation device (ventilation frequency 1-3 times / day, duration 30-60 minutes / time)

[0044] A2: A mushroom stick for implementing a method for artificially cultivating matsutake mushrooms in a cave environment;

[0045] A3: Mushroom stick recycling unit: includes a crusher and soil mixing device (mixing ratio 1:3).

[0046] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0047] 1. A breakthrough in achieving large-scale production of active ingredients equivalent to wild matsutake mushrooms, with guaranteed ingredients: Through precise environmental control in cave warehouses (constant temperature 10-20°C, humidity 85-90%, weak light ≤500lux) and stepped cooling induction technology, the produced matsutake mushrooms have a matsutake alcohol content of 77.21mg / kg, polysaccharides 2.67%, and matsutake polypeptides 25.46%, which are consistent with the core anti-tumor and immune active ingredients of wild matsutake mushrooms (supported by test data), completely solving the industry problem of the lack of active substances in artificially cultivated matsutake mushrooms in existing technologies (matsutake alcohol is generally <20mg / kg). The medicinal value is fully preserved: 23 ingredients such as matsutake alcohol and polysaccharides have the medicinal functions of anti-tumor, immune enhancement, and lowering blood sugar and blood lipids (based on the description of the material's application value in traditional Chinese medicine), providing a stable source of raw materials for the medical field;

[0048] 2. Efficient resource recycling and doubled production efficiency, shortening the growth cycle: Mycelium cultivation takes 40-60 days to fill a bag (compared to the 5-6 year growth cycle of wild matsutake mushrooms), and fruiting body induction and harvesting takes only 7 days, shortening the overall cycle by over 98%, with a mycelium germination rate of ≥95%. Recycling and cost reduction: After crushing the mushroom sticks, they are mixed with soil in a 1:3 ratio to make organic fertilizer, or 10-30% is mixed with new materials for recycling, reducing raw material consumption by over 30%, creating a zero-waste production chain. Combined with the natural constant temperature environment of the cave, energy consumption is reduced by 80% compared to artificial greenhouses (the environmental control unit reduces the load of temperature and humidity regulation). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the matsutake cultivation of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the product of the matsutake mushroom after picking.

[0051] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the planting environment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 3 The figure shows a method for artificial cultivation of matsutake mushrooms based on a cave environment.

[0054] 1. Preparation of Mushroom Sticks

[0055] Raw material ratio (weight percentage):

[0056] Take 55% pine sawdust (from larch or spruce, particle size 2-5mm), 25% corn cobs, 12% bran, 13% rice bran, 1.5% gypsum powder, and 0.8% lime powder and mix them.

[0057] Mixing ingredients:

[0058] Add water to the mixture and stir to adjust the moisture content to 62% (the material can be clumped in the hand, with water stains between fingers but no dripping).

[0059] Bagging:

[0060] The culture medium was placed into a polypropylene plastic bag (size 18×30 cm) with a filling height of 20 cm. The tightness should be such that the mushroom stick is elastic and does not deform when held by hand.

[0061] Sterilization:

[0062] Option 1 (autoclaving): at 1.3 kg / cm 2 Maintain pressure for 1.8 hours;

[0063] Option 2 (normal pressure sterilization): 100℃ steam sterilization for 9 hours.

[0064] Vaccination:

[0065] In a clean bench, add 8g of matsutake mushrooms to each bag.

[0066] 2. Cave environment construction

[0067] Site selection:

[0068] We chose a cave at an altitude of 3,000 meters in the Laoshan area, where the temperature inside the cave is 13-18°C, the humidity is 75-85%, and the natural light is ≤300lux throughout the year.

[0069] Renovation:

[0070] The cave walls were disinfected by spraying lime water and then irradiated with ultraviolet light for 48 hours;

[0071] Install the device:

[0072] Variable frequency ventilator (ventilation twice a day, 45 minutes each time)

[0073] Ultrasonic atomizer (humidity control accuracy ±3%)

[0074] LED fill light (light intensity adjusted to 150lux).

[0075] 3. Mycelial Culture

[0076] Place the inoculated bacterial sticks on a stainless steel culture rack with a spacing of 5 cm;

[0077] Control the temperature in the cave at 16℃±1℃ and the humidity at 75%±5%;

[0078] Ventilate twice a day (once in the morning and once in the afternoon, 45 minutes each time);

[0079] After 50 days of cultivation, the bag is full of mycelium, which is white, dense and pollution-free.

[0080] 4. Mushroom production management

[0081] Environmental control:

[0082] Temperature: step-by-step cooling (from 16°C to 14°C on days 1-3, maintained at 14°C on days 4-6, and cooled to 12°C on day 7);

[0083] Humidity: increased to 88% ± 2%;

[0084] Lighting: Adjust the LED light source to 200 lux diffuse light and ventilate 3 times a day (40 minutes each time).

[0085] Harvesting: When the Matsutake fruiting body grows to a cap diameter of 4-5cm, the edges are curled inward, and the gills are milky white (7 days after fruiting), use a stainless steel knife to cut from the base of the stipe for harvest.

[0086] 5. Recycling of mushroom sticks

[0087] Organic fertilizer preparation:

[0088] The harvested mushroom sticks were crushed through a 20-mesh sieve, mixed with humus soil at a mass ratio of 1:3, and fermented for 15 days to produce organic fertilizer;

[0089] Reuse of culture medium:

[0090] Take the crushed mushroom sticks (accounting for 20% of the total amount) and mix them with new culture medium (50% pine sawdust + 30% corn cobs + 10% bran + 10% rice bran), re-bag and sterilize.

[0091] 6. Quality Control

[0092] 3% of the mushroom sticks are randomly inspected in each batch, and the inspection indicators include:

[0093] After sterilization, the rate of foreign bacteria is ≤0.1% (plate culture method);

[0094] Active ingredients of Matsutake products: Matsutake alcohol ≥75mg / kg, polysaccharides ≥2.5% (HPLC detection).

[0095] In summary, after testing by relevant institutions, the following 23 substances were detected in matsutake mushrooms cultivated in caves that artificially simulate the natural growth environment of wild matsutake mushrooms.

[0096] Matsutake alcohol: 77.21 mg / kg

[0097] Matsutake polysaccharide: 2.67%

[0098] Matsutake polypeptide: 25.46%

[0099] Alanine: 1.20%

[0100] Threonine: 1.02%

[0101] Glycine: 0.92%

[0102] Lysine: 0.99%

[0103] Serine: 0.94%

[0104] Histidine: 0.41%

[0105] Arginine: 1.01%

[0106] Cystine: 0.0013%

[0107] Glutamic acid: 5.01%

[0108] Proline: 0.80%

[0109] Aspartic acid: 2.02%

[0110] Valine: 0.93%

[0111] Methionine: 0.16%

[0112] Isoleucine: 0.72%

[0113] Leucine: 1.11%

[0114] Tyrosine: 0.43%

[0115] Phenylalanine: 0.65%

[0116] Iron: 3.82%

[0117] Magnesium: 494.02%

[0118] Potassium: 0.86%.

[0119] The following are the benefits of these substances to the human body:

[0120] Matsutake alcohol

[0121] It has a unique aroma that can increase appetite. It also has certain anti-tumor activity and can induce apoptosis of tumor cells.

[0122] Matsutake polysaccharide

[0123] It can enhance the body's immunity, activate immune cells, and also has certain effects on lowering blood sugar and blood lipids, which is helpful in preventing cardiovascular diseases.

[0124] Matsutake polypeptide

[0125] It helps regulate the body's physiological functions, participates in cell repair and regeneration, and enhances the body's resistance.

[0126] amino acids

[0127] Alanine, glycine, serine, etc.: They are important raw materials for synthesizing protein, and can also participate in the human body's metabolic process and provide energy for the body.

[0128] Lysine: helps promote human growth and development, enhance immunity, and improve calcium absorption and utilization.

[0129] Arginine: It can promote wound healing, regulate the immune system, and participate in vasodilation, which is beneficial to cardiovascular health.

[0130] Glutamic acid: It is a key amino acid in the biochemical metabolism of brain tissue. It can participate in the metabolism of protein and sugar in the brain, and help improve and maintain brain function.

[0131] Aspartic acid: Participates in the ornithine cycle, has a protective effect on the liver, and can also promote metabolism.

[0132] Methionine: Participates in the transfer of methyl groups in the body and the synthesis of adrenaline, choline, and creatine, and has a protective effect on the liver.

[0133] minerals

[0134] Iron: It is an important raw material for synthesizing hemoglobin, participates in the transport of oxygen, and can prevent iron deficiency anemia.

[0135] Magnesium: It participates in the activation of multiple enzymes and plays an important role in maintaining bone health, neuromuscular function and normal heart rhythm.

[0136] Potassium: Helps maintain the osmotic pressure of intracellular fluid, regulate heart function and blood pressure, and promote muscle contraction.

[0137] The following are the application values of these substances in the medical field:

[0138] Medicinal value of active ingredients

[0139] Matsutake alcohol: It has a unique chemical structure and biological activity. Studies have found that it has a certain inhibitory effect on tumor cells and can induce tumor cell apoptosis. It has potential value in the development of anti-tumor drugs.

[0140] Matsutake polysaccharide: A bioactive polysaccharide that can regulate the body's immune function, activate immune cells, and enhance the body's resistance to pathogens. It can be used in the development of immunomodulatory drugs. It also exhibits activity in lowering blood sugar and blood lipids, which has positive implications for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

[0141] Matsutake polypeptides: Containing multiple amino acid sequences, they possess numerous physiological functions, such as antioxidant activity and promoting cell repair and regeneration. They can be used to develop drugs to treat skin injuries, ulcers, and other conditions, and can also be used as an ingredient in health supplements to aid recovery from fatigue and illness.

[0142] Medicinal value of amino acids

[0143] Essential amino acid supplementation: Alanine, threonine, and other amino acids are essential to the human body and cannot be synthesized by the body itself, requiring them to be obtained from food. These amino acids can be used to produce compound amino acid preparations for treating various conditions, including insufficient protein intake, malabsorption, or excessive protein consumption, such as malnutrition and postoperative recovery.

[0144] The role of special amino acids: Arginine participates in multiple metabolic processes in the body, can promote the secretion of growth hormone, and helps children's growth and development and wound healing; glutamate is an important neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and can be used to treat certain neurological diseases, such as hepatic encephalopathy.

[0145] Medicinal value of minerals

[0146] Iron: It is an important raw material for the human body to synthesize hemoglobin. It can be used to prevent and treat iron deficiency anemia, improve the body's oxygen carrying capacity, and improve symptoms such as fatigue and dizziness caused by anemia.

[0147] Magnesium: It is involved in the activation of many enzymes and physiological processes in the human body and is crucial for maintaining normal neuromuscular excitability, heart function, and bone health. It can be used to treat magnesium deficiency, arrhythmias, hypertension, and other conditions.

[0148] Potassium: It plays an important role in maintaining normal intracellular osmotic pressure, acid-base balance, and normal heart function. It can be used to prevent and treat hypokalemia and prevent symptoms such as arrhythmias and muscle weakness caused by low potassium.

[0149] These substances detected in matsutake mushrooms cultivated in caves using artificially simulated wild environments have wide application value in the medical field and provide an important material basis and research direction for the development of new drugs, nutritional supplements and the treatment of various diseases.

[0150] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for artificially cultivating matsutake mushrooms based on a cave storage environment, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Preparation of mushroom sticks: S11: Mix the following raw materials by weight: 50-60% pine sawdust, 20-30% corn cobs, 10-15% bran, 10-15% rice bran, 1-2% gypsum powder, and 0.5-1% lime powder; S12: Add water and stir until the water content reaches 60-65%; S13: The mixture is placed into a polypropylene or polyethylene plastic bag, with a tightness sufficient for the mushroom stick to be flexible and not deformed when held by hand; S14: High pressure steam sterilization: pressure 1.2-1.5kg / cm 2 Maintain for 1.5-2 hours; S15: Aseptically inoculate 5-10g of matsutake mushrooms into each bag; S2: Cave environment construction: S21: Choose a cave with a soil layer thickness of more than 50 meters, a temperature of 10-20°C all year round, a humidity of 70-90%, natural ventilation, and a light intensity of ≤500 lux; S22: After disinfection with ultraviolet light and lime water, install adjustable ventilation equipment, atomizing humidification equipment and light-shielding equipment; S3: Mycelial culture: Place the inoculated bacteria sticks on the culture rack, control the temperature at 15-18°C and the humidity at 70-80%, ventilate 1-2 times a day, each time for 30-60 minutes, and culture for 40-60 days until the mycelium fills the bag; S4: Fruiting Management: S41: Adjust the environment to 12-16°C and 85-90% humidity, turn on the diffuse light (light intensity 100-300 lux), and ventilate 2-3 times a day for 30-60 minutes each time. S42: Induce primordium formation by stepwise cooling (1-2°C per day) combined with increasing humidity to 90%; S43: When the edges of the fruiting body cap curl inward and the gills turn white, cut and harvest from the base of the stipe.

2. The method for artificially cultivating Matsutake mushrooms based on a cave storage environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sterilization step in step S14 can be replaced by normal pressure steam sterilization, maintained at 100° C. for 8-10 hours.

3. The method for artificially cultivating Matsutake mushrooms based on a cave storage environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: S5: Recycling of mushroom sticks: S51: After harvesting, remove impurities from the surface of the mushroom sticks, crush them, and mix them with soil in a mass ratio of 1:3 to produce organic fertilizer; S52: Add 10-30% of the crushed bacteria sticks to new culture medium and re-bag for sterilization.

4. The method for artificially cultivating Matsutake mushrooms based on a cave environment according to claim 1, wherein: In step S11: The pine sawdust is composed of larch or spruce sawdust, and has a particle size of 2-5 mm.

5. The method for artificially cultivating Matsutake mushrooms based on a cave storage environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S42: The step-by-step cooling is as follows: starting from 18°C, the temperature is lowered by 1°C every day to 16°C, maintained for 3 days, the temperature is lowered by 1°C every day to 14°C, and maintained for another 3 days before being lowered to 12°C.

6. A mushroom stick for implementing a method for artificially cultivating matsutake mushrooms in a cave environment, characterized in that: The raw materials of the mushroom sticks are composed of 50-60% of pine sawdust, 20-30% of corn cobs, 10-15% of bran, 10-15% of rice bran, 1-2% of gypsum powder and 0.5-1% of lime powder in percentage by weight.

7. A matsutake cultivation system for an artificial cultivation method of matsutake based on a cave storage environment, characterized in that: include: A1: Environmental control unit located in a cave with a soil layer thickness of more than 50 meters, including: Temperature sensor linked to cooling / heating device (temperature control range 10-20℃) Humidity sensor linked to ultrasonic atomizer (humidity control range 70-90%) Light sensor linked to LED fill light (light intensity adjustable to 100-500 lux) Timed ventilation device (ventilation frequency 1-3 times / day, duration 30-60 minutes / time) A2: A mushroom stick according to a method for artificially cultivating matsutake mushrooms in a cave environment; A3: Mushroom stick recycling unit: includes a crusher and soil mixing device (mixing ratio 1:3).

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