Fresh air purification system carbon emission accounting method based on life cycle evaluation

Abstract

The invention discloses a fresh air purification system carbon emission accounting method based on life cycle evaluation, which is divided into five stages and establishes a quantitative model, and specifically comprises the following steps: step 1, establishing a full life cycle framework; in the step 1, five stages of raw material, production and manufacturing, transportation, use and recycling are divided, and the carbon emission source of each stage is determined. 2, determining a system boundary and accounting content; and 3, analyzing a carbon footprint list. According to the invention, the whole life cycle is covered, and accounting omission is avoided; by combining equipment parameters and actually measured data, errors are reduced, data accuracy is guaranteed, and the method is suitable for enterprise carbon auditing and product ecological design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a quantitative study of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of fresh air purification equipment throughout its life cycle, and in particular to a carbon emission accounting method for fresh air purification equipment based on life cycle assessment. Background Art

[0002] With increasing environmental protection requirements, quantifying carbon emissions throughout a product's life cycle has become an important basis for companies to reduce energy consumption and emissions. Existing carbon emission accounting methods often focus on a single stage (such as production or use) and lack a systematic accounting of the entire equipment life cycle (raw materials, manufacturing, transportation, use, and recycling). Fresh air purification equipment has a complex structure, making it difficult to accurately assess its comprehensive carbon emissions using traditional methods. Therefore, a scientific and comprehensive carbon emission accounting method is urgently needed to support low-carbon product design and management. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address these issues, this paper discloses a carbon emissions accounting method for fresh air purification equipment based on life cycle assessment (LCA). Based on the LCA method, this paper quantitatively studies greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions throughout the entire life cycle of fresh air purification equipment. This includes all carbon emissions throughout the entire life cycle, namely, from raw materials, manufacturing, transportation, use, to final disposal and recycling, providing support for low-carbon product design and management.

[0004] A method for calculating carbon emissions from a fresh air purifier based on life cycle assessment, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Establish a full life cycle framework;

[0006] Step 2: Determine the system boundaries and accounting content;

[0007] Step 3: Carbon footprint inventory analysis.

[0008] Furthermore, the step 1: divides the process into five stages: raw materials, production, transportation, use, and recycling, and clarifies the sources of carbon emissions in each stage.

[0009] Furthermore, the step 2 defines the energy consumption, material usage and process involved in each stage.

[0010] Furthermore, in the inventory analysis of step 3, a specific carbon footprint quantification model needs to be established, including various GHG emissions throughout the entire life cycle, that is, a quantification study of GHG emissions in five stages from raw materials, production and manufacturing, transportation, use to final disposal and recycling.

[0011] Furthermore, because the life cycle of fresh air purifiers is complex and difficult to measure, a carbon emission factor method is used. A carbon emission factor, or carbon emission coefficient, refers to the amount of carbon emissions per unit of energy generated during the combustion or use of each energy source. Assuming the carbon emission coefficient for a particular energy source is fixed, the carbon emission coefficient typically refers to the carbon dioxide emission coefficient. Other greenhouse gases, such as methane, nitrous oxide, perfluorinated compounds, and sulfur hexafluoride, are generally converted to carbon dioxide before being included in the calculation. The converted amount is called carbon dioxide equivalent.

[0012] The carbon emission factor method is shown in formula (1):

[0013] Carbon emission factor method is as follows: E = AD × EF

[0014] Among them, E is carbon emissions, AD is activity data, and EF is carbon emission factor.

[0015] Furthermore, the step 2 specifically includes the following settlement method:

[0016] A: Raw materials stage: The production of a fresh air purification system requires a large number of parts and components. During the raw material use stage of the parts and components, a large amount of carbon emissions will be generated. It should be noted that the raw materials will be lost during use, and the loss rate should be taken into account when calculating carbon emissions. The mass of each material contained in the parts and components is multiplied by the corresponding material emission factor, and then multiplied by the corresponding material loss rate. The sum is the estimated carbon emission value for this stage, as shown in formula (2):

[0017]

[0018] In formula (2), G is the carbon emission in the raw material acquisition stage, kg CO2e; Mi is the mass of the i-th material contained in the component, kg; EFi is the emission factor of the i-th material, kgCO2e / kg; and k is the material loss rate.

[0019] B: Manufacturing and processing stage: During the manufacturing and processing of fresh air purification equipment, some specific process manufacturing links will generate carbon emissions, mainly involving the processing of shells and components. The carbon emissions of these two process links mainly come from the power consumption of laser cutting machines and bending machines, and other sources have little impact.

[0020] The calculation formula is as follows.

[0021] The calculation formula is as follows:

[0022] G system = P*T*EF (3)

[0023] In Equation (3), G_manufacture represents the GHG emissions during the manufacturing stage, in kgCO2e; P represents the equipment power; T represents the equipment working time; EF_electricity represents the electricity emission factor during the power consumption process, in kgCO2e / kg.

[0024] C: Transportation stage: The emissions in the transportation stage are mainly from the transportation of processed products. The main transportation methods are sea transportation and road transportation. Based on the engine power of the cargo ship transporting the floor cleaning robot, the fuel consumption rate of the engine, and the travel time of the cargo ship, the corresponding fuel consumption can be calculated; for road transportation, it is calculated based on the engine power of the truck, the fuel consumption rate of the engine, and the travel time of the truck. Both the cargo ship for sea transportation and the truck for road transportation mainly use diesel. Multiply the fuel consumption by its corresponding carbon emission factor to obtain the calculated value of carbon emissions in this stage, as shown in Equation (6).

[0025] G_transport_fuel = Pe * η * T * EF_fuel * (6);

[0026] In Equation (6), G_transport_fuel represents the carbon emissions of greenhouse gases generated by fuel combustion during transportation; Pe represents the rated power of a specific engine; η represents the fuel consumption rate of a specific engine; T represents the operating time of a specific engine; EF_oil represents the carbon emission coefficient of a certain fuel.

[0027] D: Usage stage, in the usage stage, the carbon emissions of the fresh air purification equipment mainly come from the use of electricity; each charge of the floor cleaning robot generates carbon emissions. Therefore, the number of charges can be determined based on its charging frequency and service life. Then, since the carbon emissions of electricity consumption are the product of the consumed electric energy and the electricity carbon emission factor of the corresponding region, the consumed electric energy can be calculated as the product of the product charging power P and the single charging time T. Finally, the total life cycle utilization of electric energy in the usage stage is the product of the electric energy consumed per charge and the number of charges.

[0028] G_electricity_usage = P * T * EF_electricity * (7)

[0029] In Equation (7), G_electricity_usage represents the carbon emissions of electric energy in the usage stage; P represents the rated power of the equipment; T represents the working time; EF_electricity represents the electricity emission factor during the power consumption process.

[0030] E: Recycling stage, since the raw materials in the production process of the fresh air purification equipment are mainly stainless steel frames and plastic casings, the main materials recycled in the recycling stage are stainless steel and plastic, and other materials are ignored; (1) Recycling stainless steel materials. Through research, the main methods for recycling steel are the direct air method and the direct chlorine oxidation method. However, chlorine is highly toxic, pollutes the environment, and has a high price. And air is inexhaustible, so the air method is more superior.

[0031] (2) Recycling of plastic materials. The main methods for separating waste plastics include manual separation, density separation, optical separation, electrostatic separation, melting point separation, and dissolution separation. Density separation is used for simplicity of operation.

[0032] The carbon emissions from recycling can be solved using the following formula, as shown in formula (8):

[0033]

[0034] In formula (8), Mj is the mass of the jth type of waste that has been discarded; EFj is the emission factor corresponding to the mass of the jth type of waste that has been discarded.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention covers the entire life cycle and avoids accounting omissions; it combines equipment parameters with measured data to reduce errors and ensure data accuracy, and is suitable for corporate carbon audits and product ecological design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 , flow chart of the method of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 , is a schematic diagram of the fresh air purifier model 5157C of this embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the terms "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," and "down" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the terms "inward" and "outward" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a particular component, respectively.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, a carbon emission accounting method for a fresh air purifier based on life cycle assessment in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Establish a full life cycle framework; Step 1: Divide the five stages into raw materials, production and manufacturing, transportation, use, and recycling, and clarify the sources of carbon emissions in each stage.

[0041] Step 2: Determine the system boundaries and accounting content;

[0042] Step 3: Carbon footprint inventory analysis.

[0043] Case:

[0044] The production of a fresh air purifier requires a large number of parts, and a large amount of carbon emissions will be generated during the use of raw materials for the parts. The mass of each material contained in the parts is multiplied by the corresponding material emission factor, and then multiplied by the corresponding material loss rate. The total obtained is the estimated carbon emissions value for this stage.

[0045] Case: Quantification of carbon emissions over the entire life cycle of the 5157C fresh air purifier

[0046] raw materials

[0047] Take the 5157C model fresh air purifier produced by our company as an example. Figure 2 As shown, the raw material materials and mass of each component are calculated. Since the raw materials are mainly metal and ABS, the carbon emissions of other raw materials can be ignored. The raw materials are sorted as shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0048] Table 1 Main metal materials and quality of 5157C fresh air purifier

[0049]

[0050] Table 2 Main plastic materials and quality of 5157C fresh air purifier

[0051]

[0052] Carbon emission factors of main raw materials

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] After calculation, G 材 =16.8303

[0056] Processing stage

[0057] During the manufacturing phase of the 5157C model fresh air purifier, a laser cutting machine (the air compressor is an auxiliary equipment of the laser cutting machine) and a CNC bending machine were used, and the following values were obtained, see Table 2.

[0058] name Power / W Time / s laser cutting machine 15000 221 air compressor 8000 221 CNC bending machine 3100 190

[0059] According to certain data, the carbon emission factor EF of electricity is 0.96kgCO2e / (kW*h). After calculation, the carbon emissions in the processing stage are 1.51418kgC O2e.

[0060] Calculation of carbon emissions during the use phase

[0061] The power of the 5157c fresh air purification equipment is 45W, the service life is preset to 10 years, and it works for 8 hours a day. The carbon emissions can be obtained by multiplying the consumed electricity by the electricity carbon emission factor of the corresponding region (EF electricity = 0.96kgC O2e / (kW*h)). The carbon emissions G of the electricity consumption can be calculated to be 1261.44kgC O2e.

[0062] Transportation stage

[0063] Emissions during the transportation phase mainly involve the transportation of processed products. This case study uses a medium-sized truck equipped with a Yuchai YC6L series engine to transport a 5157 fresh air purification device from Yancheng, Jiangsu to Beijing. The Yuchai YC6L series engine has a power of 206kW and a fuel consumption rate of 193g / (kW·h). The driving time is 12h, the truck carries 5t of cargo, and the weight of a single device is 8.9kg. The calculated carbon emissions during the transportation phase of a fresh air purification device are: Gyunfu = (206*193*12*2.635 / 0.84)*8.9 / 5000 = 2.6589kgC O2e

[0064] Recycling stage

[0065] According to the literature, the highest conversion rate of the direct air-through method for steel recycling is about 93%, and the conversion rate of the dense separation method for plastic recycling is about 98%. The mass of steel raw materials used in the production process is 6644.6g, and the mass of plastic is 1151.42g. The carbon emission factor is 2.5kgCO2e / kg. The formula is: G recycled = 15.6631kgC O2e

[0066] Full life cycle carbon footprint accounting

[0067] Through the quantitative calculation of carbon emissions at each stage of the 5157c fresh air purifier's life cycle, the carbon emissions of a fresh air purifier during its life cycle were obtained.

[0068] The carbon emissions during the cycle are: Gtotal = Gmaterials + Gmanufacturing + Gtransportation + Gelectricity - Grecycling = 1266.78028 kgCO2e

[0069] The technical means disclosed in the solution of the present invention are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above-mentioned embodiment, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features.

Claims

1. A method for calculating carbon emissions from fresh air purifiers based on life cycle assessment, characterized by: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Establish a full life cycle framework; Step 2: Determine the system boundary and accounting content; Step 3: Carbon footprint inventory analysis.

2. The carbon emission accounting method for a fresh air purifier based on life cycle assessment according to claim 1 is characterized by: In Step 1: Divide it into five stages of raw materials, manufacturing, transportation, use, and recycling, and clarify the carbon emission sources at each stage.

3. The carbon emission accounting method for a fresh air purifier based on life cycle assessment according to claim 1 is characterized by: In Step 2, define the energy consumption, material use, and process involved in each stage.

4. The carbon emission accounting method for a fresh air purifier based on life cycle assessment according to claim 1 is characterized by: In Step 3, a specific carbon footprint quantification model needs to be established in the inventory analysis, including various GHG emissions throughout the life cycle, that is, the quantification study of GHG emissions in 5 stages from raw materials, manufacturing, transportation, use to final disposal and recycling.

5. The carbon emission accounting method for a fresh air purifier based on life cycle assessment according to claim 4 is characterized by: Adopt the carbon emission factor method to construct a quantification model and calculate the carbon emissions at each stage The carbon emission factor method is as shown in formula (1): E = AD × EF Where, E is the carbon emission, AD is the activity data, and EF is the carbon emission factor.

6. The carbon emission accounting method for a fresh air purifier based on life cycle assessment according to claim 1 is characterized by: Step 2 specifically includes the following settlement methods: A: Raw material stage: Multiply the mass of various material materials contained in the parts by the corresponding material emission factor, and then multiply by the corresponding material loss rate. The total obtained is the estimated value of carbon emissions at this stage, as shown in formula (2): In formula (2), G_material is the carbon emission at the raw material acquisition stage, kg CO2e; Mi is the mass of the i-th type of material material contained in the parts, kg; EFi is the emission factor of the i-th type of material, kgCO2e / kg; k is the material loss rate; B: Manufacturing and processing stage: During the manufacturing and processing of the fresh air purification equipment, carbon emissions will be generated in the process manufacturing link, mainly involving the processing of the shell and parts. The carbon emissions in these two process links mainly come from the power consumption of the laser cutting machine and the bending machine; the calculation formula is as formula (3) G_production = P * T * EF_electricity (3) In formula (3), G_production is the GHG emission in the manufacturing stage, kg CO2e; P is the equipment power; T is the equipment working time; EF_electricity is the power emission factor during power consumption, kg CO2e / kg. C: Transportation stage: The emissions in the transportation stage are mainly the transportation of processed products. The main transportation methods are sea transportation and road transportation. According to the engine power and fuel consumption rate of the cargo ship transporting the floor cleaning robot and the sailing time of the cargo ship, the corresponding fuel consumption can be calculated; for road transportation, it is calculated according to the engine power and fuel consumption rate of the truck and the driving time of the truck. Both the sea transportation cargo ship and the truck for road transportation mainly use diesel. Multiply the fuel consumption by its corresponding carbon emission factor to obtain the calculated value of carbon emissions at this stage, as shown in formula (6) G_transport_fuel = Pe * η * T * EF_fuel (6); In formula (6), G_transport_fuel is the carbon emission of greenhouse gases generated by fuel combustion during transportation; Pe is the rated power of a specific engine; η is the fuel consumption rate of a specific engine; T is the running time of a specific engine; EF_oil is the carbon emission coefficient of burning a certain fuel. D: Use phase. During the use phase, the carbon emissions of fresh air purification equipment mainly come from the use of electricity. Each time a sweeping robot is charged, carbon emissions are generated. Therefore, the number of charging times can be determined based on its charging frequency and service life. The carbon emissions from electricity consumption are the product of the consumed electricity and the electricity carbon emission factor of the corresponding region. The consumed electricity can be calculated as the product of the product charging power P and the single charging time T. The utilization of electricity throughout the entire life cycle of the final use phase is the product of the electricity consumed per charge and the number of charging times. G electricity = P*T*EF electricity (7) In formula (7), G electricity consumption is the carbon emission of electricity in the use phase; P is the rated power of the equipment; T is the working time; EF electricity is the electricity emission factor during the power consumption process; E: Recycling stage. Since the raw materials in the production process of fresh air purification equipment are mainly stainless steel frames and plastic shells, the main materials recycled in the recycling stage are stainless steel and plastic, and other materials are negligible. The carbon emissions obtained from recycling can be solved using the following formula, as shown in formula (8): In formula (8), Mj is the mass of the jth type of waste that has been discarded; EFj is the emission factor corresponding to the mass of the jth type of waste that has been discarded.

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