Cooperative power generation system with fused salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a fused salt heat storage coupled compressed air energy storage cooperative power generation system and a control method thereof.The fused salt heat storage coupled compressed air energy storage cooperative power generation system comprises a data acquisition module, a multi-target optimization decision algorithm based on dynamic programming, an energy distribution module, a dynamic adjustment module and a safety protection module; a multi-objective optimization decision algorithm based on dynamic programming automatically switches system working modes, an energy distribution module optimizes fused salt and air flow of a high-temperature fused salt air heat exchanger, and a dynamic adjusting module adjusts fused salt pump flow, compressor rotating speed and valve opening in real time. And the safety protection module is used for monitoring and preventing over-temperature, fused salt solidification and pipeline corrosion. The problems that in the prior art, a fused salt heat storage type photo-thermal power generation system is insufficient in heat storage capacity under the extreme weather condition, a compressed air energy storage system depends on fossil fuel, the afterburning efficiency is low, and the energy loss is caused due to the low system coupling degree can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of molten salt heat storage technology and compressed air energy storage technology, and specifically relates to a molten salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage collaborative power generation system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Existing technologies face limitations related to single-source CSP energy storage: While molten salt thermal storage systems can provide smooth daytime and nighttime power generation, their storage capacity is insufficient in extreme weather conditions (continuous cloudiness and dust storms), requiring reliance on backup fuels, which increases carbon emissions. Traditional compressed air energy storage is inefficient: Conventional CAES relies on fossil fuel post-combustion (efficiency is only 40% to 50%), and the air expansion temperature during the energy release phase is insufficient, limiting power generation efficiency. System coupling is low: Existing CSP-CAES combined systems are simply connected in parallel, failing to achieve deep synergistic utilization of thermal compression energy, resulting in energy losses exceeding 25%. This technology proposes a bidirectional thermal energy interaction mechanism combining molten salt thermal storage with compressed air energy storage, utilizing CSP waste heat to improve CAES efficiency while simultaneously compensating for CSP fluctuations with CAES's peak-shaving capacity. A high-temperature molten salt-air multi-stage heat exchange system is developed to replace fossil fuel post-combustion, achieving zero-carbon energy storage. Furthermore, a multi-mode intelligent switching control strategy is designed to adapt to the grid's multi-timescale requirements (from second-level frequency modulation to hourly energy transfer). Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0004] The present invention proposes a collaborative power generation system of molten salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage, which solves the problems of intermittent solar thermal power generation, low efficiency of compressed air energy storage and coordinated operation of the system through multi-energy flow integration and dynamic regulation.

[0005] Another object of the present invention is to provide a control method for a synergistic power generation system of molten salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a synergistic power generation system combining molten salt heat storage and compressed air energy storage, comprising:

[0007] Including: high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger, the high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger adopts nickel-based alloy material and countercurrent design, with temperature resistance ≥600℃ and pressure resistance ≥15MPa; intelligent collaborative control system, the intelligent collaborative control system includes data acquisition module, multi-objective optimization decision algorithm based on dynamic programming, energy distribution module, dynamic adjustment module, and safety protection module. The data acquisition module collects key parameters of radiation intensity, grid load, and heat storage / gas storage status in real time. The multi-objective optimization decision algorithm based on dynamic programming automatically switches the system working mode according to real-time data and prediction model. The energy distribution module optimizes the molten salt and air flow of the high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger through intelligent algorithm. The dynamic adjustment module adjusts the molten salt pump flow, compressor speed and valve opening in real time according to different working modes. The safety protection module implements overtemperature, molten salt solidification, and pipeline corrosion monitoring and prevention measures.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger includes a multi-stage countercurrent heat exchange channel, wherein the high-temperature section heat exchange raises the temperature of the compressed air to above 500°C, while the low-temperature section heat exchange preheats the air at the compressor outlet to 200°C.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the multi-objective collaborative control algorithm in the intelligent collaborative control system further considers real-time electricity price signals, weather forecast information and equipment life loss coefficient to optimize the overall efficiency of the system.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, in CAES peak shaving mode, the intelligent collaborative control system maintains the turbine inlet air temperature stable at above 500°C by dynamically monitoring and accurately adjusting the molten salt flow rate.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the solar-thermal dominated mode, excess electric energy drives the compressor to store air in the air storage chamber, while high-temperature molten salt is used to preheat the air in the air storage chamber, thereby optimizing compression power consumption and energy storage efficiency.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, in the emergency energy replenishment mode, the electrically heated molten salt module is started, the molten salt temperature is adjusted to no less than 300°C, and the operating parameters of the compressed air energy storage system are adjusted in real time to meet the grid frequency regulation requirements.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, a high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger (HMAHX) is integrated with a molten salt heat storage system. When the molten salt temperature is detected to be lower than 280°C, the electric heating system is automatically activated to prevent the molten salt from solidifying and ensure continuous operation of the system.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the safety protection module in the intelligent collaborative control system specifically includes real-time monitoring of the molten salt temperature. Once the temperature is detected to exceed 580°C, the molten salt flow direction is immediately adjusted and the cooling process is started to avoid the risk of overheating.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the safety protection module in the intelligent collaborative control system further specifically includes setting a molecular sieve dryer on the air side to control the humidity below 10 ppm, prevent the molten salt from hydrolyzing in a high temperature and humid environment, and reduce the risk of corrosion.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention further proposes a coordinated control method for molten salt thermal storage coupled with compressed air energy storage, comprising:

[0017] Real-time data collection and analysis, real-time data collection and analysis involves key parameters such as radiation intensity, grid load, and heat / gas storage status; automatic switching of working modes, automatic switching of working modes is based on real-time data and prediction models, and utilizes dynamic programming algorithms; cascade energy distribution control, cascade energy distribution control optimizes molten salt and air flow through intelligent algorithms; dynamic adjustment strategy, dynamic adjustment strategy adjusts molten salt pump flow, compressor speed, and valve opening in real time according to different working modes; safety monitoring and abnormality prevention, safety monitoring and abnormality prevention implement overheating, molten salt solidification, and pipeline corrosion monitoring and prevention measures.

[0018] The synergistic power generation system and control method of the molten salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage in the embodiments of the present invention solve the core pain points of the intermittent nature of solar thermal power generation and the low efficiency of CAES through high-temperature molten salt air heat exchange technology, multi-mode dynamic regulation, and anti-condensation and anti-corrosion design, thereby achieving efficient, flexible, and zero-carbon synergistic utilization of energy.

[0019] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0021] Figure 1 This is an architectural diagram of the collaborative power generation system of the present invention that combines molten salt heat storage with compressed air energy storage;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a control strategy diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a synergistic power generation system of molten salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 Shown, including:

[0025] Specifically, the system of the present invention includes:

[0026] Molten salt heat storage type solar thermal power generation unit

[0027] Thermal collection system: Tower / trough concentrator device, focusing solar energy to heat molten salt to 565℃;

[0028] Thermal storage unit: dual-tank molten salt thermal storage system (cold tank 290°C / hot tank 565°C), thermal storage capacity ≥ 8 hours of full-load power generation;

[0029] Generator set: The molten salt water / steam heat exchanger drives the steam turbine to generate electricity.

[0030] Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) Unit

[0031] Compression module: multi-stage centrifugal compressor (pressure ratio 20:1), using off-peak electricity or abandoned wind and solar power to compress air into the air storage chamber (pressure 8-12MPa);

[0032] Gas storage device: underground salt cavern / high-pressure steel tank;

[0033] Expansion power generation module: multi-stage turbine expander combined with molten salt heat supplement to improve power generation efficiency.

[0034] Coupling core device

[0035] High temperature molten salt air heat exchanger (HMAHX):

[0036] Structure: nickel-based alloy tube bundle, designed with countercurrent heat exchange channel, temperature resistance of 600℃ and pressure resistance of 15MPa;

[0037] Function: Heat the compressed air from room temperature to above 500℃, replacing the traditional natural gas supplementary combustion.

[0038] Molten salt compressed air collaborative control system:

[0039] Data layer: real-time collection of radiation intensity, grid load, and heat / gas storage status;

[0040] Decision-making layer: Optimize energy allocation based on dynamic programming algorithm;

[0041] Execution layer: adjusts the molten salt flow, compressor speed and valve opening.

[0042] Working Mode

[0043] 1. Photothermal dominant mode (high irradiation during the day)

[0044] The molten salt heat storage system operates at full load, driving the steam turbine to generate electricity;

[0045] The excess electricity drives the compressor to store gas, and at the same time extracts part of the high-temperature molten salt (5% to 10%) to preheat the air in the gas storage chamber to 200°C, reducing compression power consumption.

[0046] CAES peak shaving mode (night / low radiation)

[0047] The high-pressure air is released and heated to 550°C by the HMAHX to drive the turbine expander to generate electricity;

[0048] The molten salt system simultaneously releases waste heat to maintain air temperature ≥500°C, increasing power generation efficiency to over 60% (20% higher than traditional CAES).

[0049] Emergency energy replenishment mode (extreme weather)

[0050] Start the electric heating molten salt module (using off-peak electricity from the grid) to maintain the molten salt temperature ≥ 300°C to avoid solidification;

[0051] The CAES system switches to independent frequency regulation mode to respond to the grid's demand in seconds.

[0052] Among them, the following technical means are used:

[0053] Molten salt air cascade heat exchange technology

[0054] High temperature section (565℃→400℃): heat the expander inlet air to 500℃;

[0055] Low temperature section (400℃→300℃): Preheat the compressor outlet air to 200℃, reducing compression power consumption by 15% to 20%.

[0056] Multi-objective cooperative control algorithm

[0057] Input variables: electricity price signal, weather forecast, equipment life loss coefficient;

[0058] Output instructions: molten salt / air flow distribution, mode switching threshold, safety protection priority.

[0059] Preventing molten salt solidification and inhibiting pipeline corrosion

[0060] An electric heating system is embedded in the molten salt CAES circuit, which automatically starts when the temperature is less than 280°C.

[0061] A molecular sieve dryer is installed on the air side to control the humidity to less than 10ppm to avoid corrosion caused by molten salt hydrolysis.

[0062] This embodiment uses a 50MW CSP + 100MW CAES coupling system.

[0063] Key parameters:

[0064] Molten salt heat storage capacity: 50MW×8h=400MWh, molten salt flow rate 1200m 3 / h;

[0065] CAES gas storage pressure: 10MPa, gas storage capacity: 120,000m 3 ;

[0066] HMAHX heat exchange power: 80MW, heating air flow rate 80kg / s.

[0067] Operation effect:

[0068] Improved efficiency: CAES cycle efficiency increased from 45% to 65%, and the overall system efficiency reached 70%;

[0069] Peak load regulation capability: Complete 0→100MW load response within 10 minutes, increasing annual peak load regulation revenue by RMB 3 million;

[0070] Carbon emission reduction: Replace natural gas combustion, reducing CO2 emissions by 250,000 tons annually.

[0071] Specifically, the collaborative control system adopts a three-layer closed-loop architecture of "data acquisition-decision optimization-execution control", combined with real-time feedback and prediction algorithms to achieve dynamic multi-mode switching and optimal energy efficiency. Taking a 50MW CSP + 100MW CAES coupled system as an example, the specific solution is as follows:

[0072] 1. Sensor configuration:

[0073] Solar thermal side: Heliostat field irradiance sensor (accuracy ±5W / m 2 ), absorber outlet molten salt temperature sensor (0 ~ 600 ℃, accuracy ± 1 ℃), molten salt flow meter (range 0 ~ 2000m 3 / h, error ≤1%).

[0074] CAES side: compressor outlet air pressure sensor (0-15MPa, accuracy ±0.1MPa), air storage chamber temperature sensor (50-200℃), turbine inlet air temperature sensor (0-600℃).

[0075] Coupling device: HMAHX pipe wall temperature monitoring (distributed optical fiber temperature measurement, resolution 0.1°C), molten salt air heat exchange temperature difference monitoring (dual-channel thermocouple).

[0076] Grid side: real-time electricity price receiving module (supports DAM / RTM market), grid frequency regulation instruction parsing module (AGC / FRT protocol).

[0077] 2. Data transmission:

[0078] Adopt OPCUA protocol to achieve millisecond-level communication, data refresh cycle ≤ 100ms, ensuring real-time control;

[0079] Critical signals (such as molten salt temperature and grid instructions) are transmitted through redundant channels with a reliability of ≥99.99%.

[0080] Decision optimization layer: multi-objective dynamic programming algorithm

[0081] 1. Optimization objectives:

[0082] Economic efficiency: maximizing peak load regulation benefits and electricity price arbitrage;

[0083] Energy efficiency: system overall efficiency ≥ 70%;

[0084] Equipment life: loss rate of key components (compressor, molten salt pump) ≤ 0.01% / h.

[0085] 2. Input variables:

[0086] External variables: real-time electricity price, weather forecast (irradiation / cloud cover), grid frequency regulation demand coefficient (0-1);

[0087] Internal variables: molten salt tank level (30% to 100%), gas storage chamber pressure (8 to 12 MPa), equipment health index (based on vibration / temperature historical data).

[0088] 3. Algorithm logic:

[0089] Python

[0090] def mode_decision():

[0091] If irradiance>=800W / m 2 and electricity price < valley electricity price threshold:

[0092] return"Solar Thermal Power + Gas Storage"#Daytime Power Generation + Gas Storage

[0093] If the grid frequency regulation requirement is > 0.8 or the molten salt level is < 40%,

[0094] return "CAES Peak Shaving"#Fast Response to Grid

[0095] elif molten salt temperature <300℃:

[0096] return"Emergency Energy Replenishment"#Anti-solidification priority

[0097] 4. Output instructions:

[0098] Mode switching threshold (such as irradiance 400W / m 2 is the switching point);

[0099] Molten salt flow rate setting value (1200±200m 3 / h), compressor speed (3000~6000rpm);

[0100] Safety protection priority (overtemperature > anti-condensation > efficiency optimization).

[0101] Execution control layer: multi-loop coordinated regulation

[0102] 1. Photothermal dominant mode (high irradiation during the day):

[0103] Molten salt flow control:

[0104] According to the turbine power demand, the PID algorithm is used to adjust the valve opening of the steam-molten salt heat exchanger (0-100%) to maintain the molten salt outlet temperature at 565±5℃;

[0105] Feedforward compensation: When the irradiance fluctuates by ±10%, the molten salt pump speed is adjusted in advance to suppress temperature overshoot.

[0106] CAES gas storage control:

[0107] Excess electric energy drives the compressor, using pressure ratio-flow decoupling control:

[0108] Matlab

[0109] %Compressor pressure ratio control (target pressure ratio 20:1)

[0110] If the gas storage pressure is less than 10MPa:

[0111] Increase the compressor speed to 5500 rpm and adjust the inlet guide vane opening;

[0112] else:

[0113] Switch to constant pressure mode and reduce the speed to 4000 rpm;

[0114] - High temperature molten salt (5% to 10%) preheats the air in the air storage chamber to 200°C, reducing compression power consumption by 15%.

[0115] 2. CAES peak shaving mode (nighttime / low radiation):

[0116] High-pressure air energy release control:

[0117] When the pressure in the air storage chamber drops from 10MPa to 2MPa, air is released in stages (with a pressure drop of 2MPa per stage) to avoid turbine surge.

[0118] HMAHX molten salt heat supplement control:

[0119] #Maintain turbine inlet air temperature ≥500℃

[0120] If the turbine inlet temperature is less than 500℃: increase the molten salt flow rate to 1300m 3 / h, and adjust the HMAHX valve opening to 80%;

[0121] Dynamic balance of molten salt-air heat exchange:

[0122] Model predictive control (MPC) is used to update the molten salt flow setpoint every 5 seconds to match the turbine power demand (0 to 100MW).

[0123] 3. Emergency energy replenishment mode (extreme weather):

[0124] Electric heating molten salt control:

[0125] When the molten salt temperature is less than 280°C, start the electric heating module (power 0-20MW) and increase the temperature in steps:

[0126] 280℃→300℃: full power heating (20MW);

[0127] 300℃→350℃: reduce power to 10MW;

[0128] ≥350℃: Turn off electric heating and switch to solar thermal heating.

[0129] CAES independent frequency modulation:

[0130] The turbine expander responds to the grid's second-level frequency modulation command (±10MW / s) and quickly adjusts the intake valve opening through PID.

[0131] Security protection mechanism

[0132] 1. Prevent molten salt from solidifying:

[0133] Electric heating system: When the pipe temperature is less than 250℃ or the flow rate is less than 0.5m / s, it will automatically start and heat up to 300℃;

[0134] Molten salt pump variable frequency speed regulation: flow rate <800m 3 / h triggers low-frequency protection (≥30Hz) to prevent pump cavitation.

[0135] 2. Overheating prevention and corrosion inhibition:

[0136] HMAHX over-temperature protection: When the pipe wall temperature is greater than 580°C, the molten salt is switched to the bypass cooling tower and cold salt (290°C) is injected to reduce the temperature;

[0137] Air drying control: Molecular sieve adsorption cycle (humidity < 10ppm), automatic regeneration once an hour to prevent molten salt from hydrolyzing to generate HCl.

[0138] 3. Fault self-diagnosis and switching:

[0139] When the compressor vibration is greater than 8mm / s, the load will be automatically reduced by 50% and an alarm will be issued;

[0140] Molten salt leakage monitoring (pressure drop > 5MPa / s): Emergency close the associated valves and start the backup circuit.

[0141] Specifically, the embodiment of the present invention is described through the following steps:

[0142] On the one hand, the present application provides a collaborative power generation system of molten salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage, including: a high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger HMAHX, the high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger adopts nickel-based alloy material and countercurrent design, with a temperature resistance of ≥600°C and a pressure resistance of ≥15MPa; an intelligent collaborative control system, the intelligent collaborative control system includes a data acquisition module, a multi-objective optimization decision algorithm based on dynamic programming, an energy distribution module, a dynamic adjustment module, and a safety protection module. The data acquisition module collects radiation intensity, grid load, and key parameters of heat storage / gas storage status in real time. The multi-objective optimization decision algorithm based on dynamic programming automatically switches the system working mode according to real-time data and prediction models. The energy distribution module optimizes the molten salt and air flow of the high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger through an intelligent algorithm. The dynamic adjustment module adjusts the molten salt pump flow, compressor speed and valve opening in real time according to different working modes. The safety protection module implements overtemperature, molten salt solidification, and pipeline corrosion monitoring and prevention measures. Technically, HMAHX is tightly integrated with the intelligent collaborative control system. The former is responsible for thermal energy conversion, while the latter coordinates the overall energy flow and operating mode to ensure stable and efficient operation of the system. In principle, HMAHX utilizes the high heat capacity characteristics of molten salt to achieve efficient heat exchange through a countercurrent design. The intelligent collaborative control system dynamically adjusts the parameters of each module based on real-time data analysis and prediction to achieve multi-objective optimization. In terms of effect, the technology in this embodiment effectively improves the power generation efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system, reduces energy loss, and ensures the safety and reliability of the system. In other embodiments, the performance of HMAHX can be further enhanced by introducing more advanced materials and optimized heat exchange structures, or machine learning can be used to improve the decision-making algorithm of the intelligent collaborative control system to cope with more complex and changeable operating environments.

[0143] Furthermore, the high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger HMAHX includes a multi-stage countercurrent heat exchange channel, in which the high-temperature section heat exchange raises the temperature of the compressed air to above 500°C, while the low-temperature section heat exchange preheats the air at the compressor outlet to 200°C. Technically, the design of the multi-stage countercurrent heat exchange channel fully utilizes the temperature gradient of the molten salt, improving the utilization rate of thermal energy. In principle, the high-temperature section heat exchange heats the compressed air to above 500°C through direct contact heat exchange, significantly improving the power generation efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system, while the low-temperature section heat exchange reduces energy consumption during the compression process by preheating the compressed air. In terms of effect, the technology in this embodiment significantly improves the overall energy conversion efficiency of the system and reduces operating costs. In other embodiments, the heat exchange efficiency can be further optimized by adjusting the heat exchange area and heat exchange medium of the HMAHX, or by adopting composite heat exchange technology, combining radiation and convection heat exchange, to meet the needs of energy storage systems of different scales.

[0144] Furthermore, the multi-objective collaborative control algorithm in the intelligent collaborative control system further considers real-time electricity price signals, weather forecast information, and equipment life loss coefficients to optimize the overall efficiency of the system. Technically, the multi-objective collaborative control algorithm combines a variety of external and internal factors to achieve intelligent management of system operation. In principle, the algorithm automatically adjusts the system's operating mode and parameters through dynamic programming, taking into account economic benefits, energy efficiency, and equipment maintenance. In terms of effect, the technology in this embodiment not only improves the system's power generation efficiency, but also extends the service life of key equipment and increases economic benefits. In other embodiments, the algorithm performance can be further optimized by introducing real-time market data and more accurate weather forecast models, or by using deep reinforcement learning to enable the system to self-learn and adjust in unknown environments to cope with possible future market and technological changes.

[0145] Furthermore, in CAES peak-shaving mode, the intelligent collaborative control system maintains a stable turbine inlet air temperature above 500°C by dynamically monitoring and precisely adjusting the molten salt flow rate. Technically, the dynamic monitoring and molten salt flow rate regulation mechanism ensures the temperature of the compressed air during the expansion and power generation process, improving power generation efficiency. In principle, by monitoring the turbine inlet air temperature in real time, the intelligent collaborative control system can respond quickly, adjusting the molten salt flow rate to maintain the temperature within the ideal range. In terms of effect, the technology in this embodiment significantly improves the power generation efficiency of the CAES system during peak-shaving operation, reaching over 60%, far higher than the 40% to 50% of traditional CAES systems. In other embodiments, temperature control accuracy and system efficiency can be further improved by optimizing the molten salt flow path and adding a heat recovery link.

[0146] Furthermore, in the solar-thermal-dominated mode, while excess electricity drives the compressor to store air in the air storage chamber, high-temperature molten salt is used to preheat the air in the air storage chamber, optimizing compression power consumption and energy storage efficiency. Technically, the rational use of excess electricity and the molten salt preheating mechanism work together to improve energy storage efficiency; in principle, excess electricity is converted into the potential energy of compressed air, and high-temperature molten salt preheating reduces the thermodynamic power consumption during the compression process; in terms of effect, the technology in this embodiment significantly reduces the cost of compressed air energy storage and improves the economic benefits of solar-thermal power generation; in other embodiments, the utilization efficiency of excess electricity can be further improved by adding energy storage equipment with high electricity conversion efficiency, such as flywheel energy storage, or by optimizing the thermal insulation performance of the air storage chamber to reduce heat loss, thereby improving the overall system efficiency.

[0147] Furthermore, in the emergency energy replenishment mode, the electric heating molten salt module is started to adjust the molten salt temperature to no less than 300°C, and the operating parameters of the compressed air energy storage system are adjusted in real time to meet the grid frequency regulation requirements. Technically, the linkage between the electric heating molten salt module and the compressed air energy storage system ensures the rapid response capability of the system; in principle, electric heating is used as an auxiliary means to maintain the molten salt temperature, and the compressed air energy storage system quickly adjusts the output power according to the grid frequency regulation instructions; in terms of effect, the technology in this embodiment enables the system to maintain a stable frequency regulation capability under extreme weather conditions, increasing the flexibility and reliability of the system; in other embodiments, the frequency regulation response speed and accuracy of the system can be further improved by adding battery energy storage as an auxiliary, or the energy efficiency of the electric heating module can be optimized to reduce electricity consumption, thereby improving the economy and environmental protection of the overall system.

[0148] Furthermore, the high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger HMAHX is integrated with the molten salt heat storage system. When the molten salt temperature is detected to be below 280°C, the electric heating system is automatically activated to prevent the molten salt from solidifying and ensure continuous system operation. Technically, the integrated design of the HMAHX and the molten salt heat storage system, as well as the automatic activation mechanism of the electric heating system, ensure the continuous operation of the system. In principle, the electric heating system maintains the molten salt temperature in a non-solidified state through external heating, avoiding system shutdown. In terms of effect, the technology in this embodiment effectively prevents system failures caused by molten salt solidification, improving system availability and safety. In other embodiments, energy consumption can be further reduced by optimizing the layout and heating efficiency of the electric heating system, or active thermal management technologies such as heat pump circulation can be used to maintain the molten salt temperature, thereby improving the overall energy efficiency and economy of the system.

[0149] Furthermore, the safety protection module in the intelligent collaborative control system specifically includes real-time monitoring of the molten salt temperature. Once the temperature is detected to be over 580°C, the molten salt flow direction is immediately adjusted and the cooling process is started to avoid the risk of overheating. Technically, the safety protection module effectively prevents the occurrence of overheating through real-time monitoring and a rapid response mechanism. In principle, through real-time monitoring of the molten salt temperature, once it exceeds the safety range, the system immediately takes measures to adjust the molten salt flow direction and start the cooling process. In terms of effect, the technology in this embodiment significantly improves the safety and stability of the system, avoiding equipment damage and system shutdown due to overheating. In other embodiments, the cooling capacity of the molten salt cooling system can be increased, or more advanced temperature monitoring technologies, such as fiber optic temperature measurement, can be used to improve monitoring accuracy and response speed, thereby further improving the safety and reliability of the system.

[0150] Furthermore, the safety protection module in the intelligent collaborative control system also specifically includes a molecular sieve dryer on the air side to control the humidity below 10ppm, prevent the molten salt from hydrolyzing in a high-temperature and humid environment, and reduce the risk of corrosion. Technically, the integration of the molecular sieve dryer and the intelligent collaborative control system effectively controls the air humidity and reduces the risk of molten salt hydrolysis; in principle, the molecular sieve dryer removes moisture from the air through physical adsorption, and the intelligent collaborative control system monitors the humidity in real time to ensure that it is within a safe range; in terms of effect, the technology in this embodiment significantly reduces the corrosion risk of the molten salt heat storage system and extends the life of the equipment; in other embodiments, it is also possible to further reduce humidity and improve the system's corrosion resistance and energy efficiency by adopting more efficient drying technologies and materials, such as hydrophobic ceramic molecular sieves, or optimizing the air treatment process, such as adding a pre-cooling and dehumidification link.

[0151] One aspect of the present application provides a collaborative power generation control method for molten salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage, comprising the following steps: real-time data acquisition and analysis, which involves key parameters such as irradiation intensity, grid load, and heat / gas storage status; automatic switching of working modes, which is based on real-time data and a prediction model, utilizing a dynamic programming algorithm; cascade energy distribution control, which optimizes molten salt and air flow rates through an intelligent algorithm; a dynamic adjustment strategy, which adjusts the molten salt pump flow, compressor speed, and valve opening in real time according to different working modes; and safety monitoring and abnormality prevention, which implements overheating, molten salt solidification, and pipeline corrosion monitoring and prevention measures. Technically, this control method achieves efficient and safe operation of the system through real-time data acquisition, intelligent decision-making and dynamic adjustment; in principle, the dynamic programming algorithm is combined with the prediction model to automatically select the optimal working mode according to real-time data, and the intelligent algorithm dynamically adjusts the energy distribution to ensure the optimal performance of the system under various working conditions; in terms of effect, the control method in this embodiment significantly improves the response speed and energy efficiency of the system and reduces the operating risk; in other embodiments, it is possible to further optimize the control strategy by introducing more advanced control theories, such as adaptive control or fuzzy control, or adopt more advanced sensor technology and data processing technology, such as AI prediction models, to improve the accuracy of data acquisition and the intelligence of decision-making, thereby enhancing the overall performance and competitiveness of the system.

[0152] Furthermore, the dynamic regulation strategy further includes adaptively adjusting the molten salt pump flow, compressor speed, and valve opening according to the real-time changes in the working mode to maintain the efficient operation of the system. Technically, the adaptive adjustment mechanism in the dynamic regulation strategy ensures the optimal operation of the system under different working conditions; in principle, by monitoring the system status in real time, the dynamic regulation strategy can automatically adjust key parameters such as the molten salt pump flow, compressor speed, and valve opening to adapt to the needs of the current working mode; in terms of effect, the technology in this embodiment significantly improves the energy efficiency and flexibility of the system and reduces energy loss; in other embodiments, the regulation accuracy and response speed can be further improved by optimizing the regulation algorithm, such as introducing PID control or neural network prediction, or adopting more advanced actuators, such as linear motor-driven valves, to improve the reliability and efficiency of control, thereby improving the overall performance of the system.

[0153] Furthermore, real-time data collection and analysis also includes monitoring the temperature distribution and pressure fluctuations of the molten salt heat storage system, as well as evaluating the charge and discharge efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system. Technically, the comprehensiveness of real-time data collection and analysis ensures accurate grasp of the system status; in principle, by monitoring the temperature distribution and pressure fluctuations of the molten salt heat storage system, as well as evaluating the charge and discharge efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system, real-time data collection and analysis can promptly discover potential problems and optimization space in the system; in terms of effect, the technology in this embodiment significantly improves the operating efficiency and safety of the system, and avoids accidents caused by abnormal parameters; in other embodiments, the reliability of data collection can be further improved by increasing the frequency and accuracy of data collection, such as using high-speed data acquisition cards and high-precision sensors, or by introducing big data analysis and machine learning technologies to deeply explore the value of data, optimize system operation strategies, and thus improve the overall performance and economy of the system.

[0154] Furthermore, in the cascade energy distribution control, the energy distribution module uses a deep learning algorithm to predict the radiation intensity and grid demand at future times, and dynamically adjusts the ratio of molten salt to air to maximize the system's power generation efficiency. Technically, the energy distribution module achieves forward-looking energy management through the predictive ability of the deep learning algorithm; in principle, the deep learning algorithm predicts the radiation intensity and grid demand in future time periods based on historical data and real-time information, and the energy distribution module dynamically adjusts the ratio of molten salt to air accordingly to achieve the best power generation efficiency; in terms of effect, the technology in this embodiment significantly improves the economic benefits and energy efficiency of the system and reduces operating costs; in other embodiments, more complex prediction models, such as long short-term memory networks (LSTM) or convolutional neural networks (CNN), can be introduced to improve the accuracy and robustness of the prediction, or multi-objective optimization algorithms, such as genetic algorithms or particle swarm optimization, can be used to further optimize the energy distribution strategy, thereby improving the overall performance and competitiveness of the system.

[0155] Furthermore, safety monitoring and abnormality prevention also include real-time monitoring of the temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the molten salt heat storage tank. Once an abnormal temperature difference is detected, immediate measures are taken to prevent structural damage caused by thermal stress. Technically, the monitoring of the temperature difference between the inner and outer walls in the safety monitoring and abnormality prevention mechanism effectively prevents structural problems caused by thermal stress. In principle, through real-time monitoring of the temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the molten salt heat storage tank, once it exceeds the safety range, the system immediately takes measures, such as adjusting the molten salt flow or activating the cooling system, to prevent structural damage caused by thermal stress. In terms of effect, the technology in this embodiment significantly improves the safety and reliability of the system and avoids equipment failures and system shutdowns caused by thermal stress. In other embodiments, the structural design of the heat storage tank can be optimized, such as by using composite materials or adding insulation layers, to further reduce the temperature difference between the inner and outer walls and improve the thermal management capabilities of the system. Alternatively, more advanced monitoring technologies, such as infrared thermal imagers, can be used to improve the accuracy and coverage of monitoring, thereby improving the overall performance and safety of the system.

[0156] Furthermore, the safety protection module is specially configured with a backup power supply and a rapid molten salt heating device in the emergency energy replenishment mode to ensure that the molten salt temperature does not drop suddenly when responding to the grid frequency modulation command in a very short time. Technically, the backup power supply and the rapid molten salt heating device in the safety protection module ensure the system's rapid response capability under extreme conditions; in principle, the backup power supply quickly provides electricity when the grid frequency modulation command is issued, and the rapid molten salt heating device starts immediately to maintain the molten salt temperature above 300°C, ensuring the normal operation of the system; in terms of effect, the technology in this embodiment significantly improves the flexibility and reliability of the system, and can quickly respond to grid demand even in extreme weather conditions, avoiding system shutdowns caused by sudden drops in molten salt temperature; in other embodiments, the response time can be further shortened and the system's frequency modulation capability can be improved by increasing the capacity of the backup power supply and the efficiency of the rapid heating device, or more advanced heating technologies, such as microwave heating or laser heating, can be used to increase the heating speed and energy efficiency, thereby improving the overall performance and economy of the system.

[0157] The collaborative power generation system of molten salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage and its control method of the present application, its working process is mainly divided into three stages: solar thermal dominant mode, CAES peak-shaving mode and emergency energy replenishment mode. In the solar thermal dominant mode, the system mainly relies on the solar thermal power generation unit, collects solar energy through the heat collection system and converts it into thermal energy, stores it in the molten salt heat storage unit, and then converts the thermal energy into electrical energy for user use. The excess electrical energy is used to drive the compressor to compress the air and store it in the air storage chamber. At the same time, the high-temperature molten salt is used to preheat the compressed air to reduce the compression power consumption. In the CAES peak-shaving mode, the system releases high-pressure air according to the needs of the power grid, and after heating it through the high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger HMAHX, it drives the turbine expander to generate electricity. At this time, the molten salt heat storage unit simultaneously releases waste heat to maintain the air temperature, significantly improving the power generation efficiency. In the emergency energy replenishment mode, in the face of extreme weather or sudden demand from the power grid, the system starts the electric heating molten salt module to maintain the molten salt temperature. At the same time, the CAES system independently adjusts the frequency to respond to the power grid's second-level demand to ensure stable operation of the system. During the entire working process, the intelligent collaborative control system continuously monitors the system status, automatically switches the working mode based on real-time data and predictive models, optimizes energy distribution, ensures that the system can operate efficiently and safely under different working conditions, and realizes deep collaborative utilization and flexible scheduling of energy.

[0158] Furthermore, this embodiment relates to a molten salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage collaborative power generation system, which includes a molten salt heat storage type solar thermal power generation unit, a compressed air energy storage (CAES) unit and a coupling core device - a high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger (HMAHX) and a molten salt compressed air collaborative control system.

[0159] The solar thermal power generation unit utilizes a tower-type concentrator to focus solar energy and heat molten salt to 565°C. A dual-tank molten salt heat storage system (cold tank at 290°C / hot tank at 565°C) provides sufficient storage capacity to support eight hours of full-load power generation. During power generation, the molten salt generates steam through a heat exchanger, which drives a steam turbine to generate electricity.

[0160] CAES unit: A multi-stage centrifugal compressor (pressure ratio 20:1) compresses air into an underground salt cavern (pressure 8-12 MPa). During the energy release phase, the air is heated to over 550°C in a high-temperature molten salt-to-air heat exchanger, driving a turbine expander to generate electricity, significantly increasing power generation efficiency to over 60%.

[0161] The HMAHX core device utilizes nickel-based alloy tubes with a temperature resistance of 600°C and a pressure resistance of 15 MPa, enabling efficient heat exchange between molten salt and compressed air. The collaborative control system dynamically optimizes energy distribution based on real-time data (such as irradiation intensity and grid load) and predictive models, enabling intelligent multi-mode switching (solar-thermal-dominated mode, CAES peak-shaving mode, and emergency energy replenishment mode).

[0162] Solve the problems of intermittent solar thermal power generation and low efficiency of CAES, and achieve efficient and zero-carbon coordinated energy utilization.

[0163] In this embodiment, the HMAHX adopts a multi-stage countercurrent heat exchange channel design. The high-temperature section heats the compressed air to above 500°C to drive the turbine expander; the low-temperature section heats the compressor outlet air to 200°C, optimizing the compression process and reducing compression power consumption by 15% to 20%.

[0164] In order to address the problem that traditional CAES systems are limited in efficiency due to the lack of effective preheating, this embodiment optimizes the thermal energy utilization efficiency by adopting a counterflow design, thereby improving the overall performance of compressed air energy storage.

[0165] In this embodiment, the multi-objective collaborative control algorithm in the intelligent collaborative control system takes into account real-time electricity price signals, weather forecast information and equipment life loss coefficient to achieve a real-time optimal energy allocation strategy, while ensuring the system's overall efficiency ≥ 70% and maximizing economic benefits.

[0166] In response to the energy allocation challenges brought about by market changes and equipment aging, this embodiment achieves refined energy management and cost control by introducing dynamic programming and deep learning algorithms.

[0167] In CAES peak-shaving mode, this embodiment ensures that the turbine inlet air temperature remains stable above 500°C by dynamically monitoring and precisely adjusting the molten salt flow rate, thereby improving the CAES cycle efficiency to 65%, far higher than the traditional level of 45%.

[0168] To address the problem of efficiency loss caused by the drop in air temperature during traditional CAES peak-shaving, a higher power generation efficiency is maintained through the continuous supply of molten salt waste heat.

[0169] In the photothermal-dominated mode (high radiation during the day), the compressor driven by excess electric energy in this embodiment stores air in the air storage chamber, and at the same time uses high-temperature molten salt to preheat the air to 200°C, optimizing compression power consumption and saving about 15% of electric energy consumption.

[0170] To address the problem of excess energy during high radiation periods but high energy consumption in the compressed air energy storage process, power consumption is reduced by preheating the compressed air, thereby improving the overall system energy efficiency.

[0171] Under extreme weather conditions, this embodiment activates the electrically heated molten salt module, adjusts the molten salt temperature to no less than 300°C, and adjusts the operating parameters of the compressed air energy storage system in real time to meet the grid frequency regulation requirements and ensure the stability of power supply.

[0172] To address the problem of decreased system efficiency caused by a sudden drop in molten salt temperature under extreme weather conditions, the system is kept running by electrically heating the molten salt. At the same time, the rapid response capability of CAES is utilized to ensure the reliability and flexibility of grid frequency regulation.

[0173] In this embodiment, when the molten salt temperature is detected to be lower than 280°C, the electric heating system is automatically activated to prevent the molten salt from solidifying, ensuring continuous operation of the system, especially at night or under low radiation conditions, avoiding the risk of heat energy interruption.

[0174] In response to the problem that molten salt is easy to solidify at low temperatures, the design of the electric heating system effectively prevents the loss of fluidity of the molten salt and ensures the continuity of energy transmission.

[0175] Once the HMAHX tube wall temperature exceeds 580°C, this embodiment immediately adjusts the molten salt flow direction and initiates the cooling process to avoid system shutdown or safety risks caused by overheating, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the HMAHX and extending the equipment life.

[0176] In response to the risk of overheating in high-temperature heat exchange environments, the introduction of an over-temperature protection mechanism effectively avoids material damage and ensures the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0177] In this embodiment, a molecular sieve dryer is installed on the air side to control the humidity below 10 ppm, thereby preventing molten salt from hydrolyzing to generate HCl in a high-temperature environment, reducing the risk of pipeline corrosion, and extending the life of the system.

[0178] In order to address the problem that high temperature and humid environment may accelerate pipeline corrosion, humidity control effectively reduces the probability of hydrolysis reaction and enhances the durability of the system.

[0179] This embodiment is specially configured with a backup power supply and a rapid molten salt heating device to ensure that the system can quickly adjust the molten salt temperature in the emergency energy replenishment mode even when faced with sudden frequency regulation needs, thereby ensuring uninterrupted power supply.

[0180] In response to the grid's demand for second-level frequency regulation, the establishment of a rapid response mechanism ensures the flexibility and reliability of the system, enabling rapid adjustment of energy output even in emergency situations.

[0181] Furthermore, the present invention also proposes a synergistic power generation control method for molten salt thermal storage coupled with compressed air energy storage, comprising:

[0182] Real-time data collection and analysis, real-time data collection and analysis involves key parameters such as radiation intensity, grid load, and heat / gas storage status; automatic switching of working modes, automatic switching of working modes is based on real-time data and prediction models, and utilizes dynamic programming algorithms; cascade energy distribution control, cascade energy distribution control optimizes molten salt and air flow through intelligent algorithms; dynamic adjustment strategy, dynamic adjustment strategy adjusts molten salt pump flow, compressor speed, and valve opening in real time according to different working modes; safety monitoring and abnormality prevention, safety monitoring and abnormality prevention implement overheating, molten salt solidification, and pipeline corrosion monitoring and prevention measures.

[0183] Furthermore, the dynamic regulation strategy further includes adaptively adjusting the molten salt pump flow, compressor speed and valve opening according to the real-time changes in the working mode to maintain the efficient operation state of the system.

[0184] Furthermore, real-time data collection and analysis also includes monitoring of the temperature distribution and pressure fluctuations of the molten salt thermal storage system, as well as evaluation of the charging and discharging efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system.

[0185] Furthermore, in the cascade energy distribution control, the energy distribution module uses a deep learning algorithm to predict the radiation intensity and grid demand at future times, and dynamically adjusts the ratio of molten salt to air to maximize the system's power generation efficiency.

[0186] Furthermore, safety monitoring and abnormality prevention also include real-time monitoring of the temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the molten salt heat storage tank. Once an abnormal temperature difference is detected, immediate measures are taken to prevent structural damage caused by thermal stress.

[0187] Furthermore, in the emergency energy replenishment mode, the safety protection module is specially configured with a backup power supply and a fast molten salt heating device to ensure that the molten salt temperature does not drop suddenly when responding to the grid frequency modulation command in a very short time.

[0188] This molten salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage collaborative power generation system and its control method achieves efficient coupling of molten salt heat storage and CAES through the collaboration of multi-source data fusion, dynamic optimization algorithm and high-precision actuator. It has both rapid peak-shaving capability, high economy and reliability, and provides a replicable technical path for large-scale renewable energy grid connection.

[0189] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0190] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0191] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two or three, unless otherwise specifically defined.

Claims

1. A synergistic power generation system of molten salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage, characterized in that: include: High-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger, the high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger adopts nickel-based alloy material and counter-flow design, with a temperature resistance of ≥600℃ and a pressure resistance of ≥15MPa; Intelligent collaborative control system, the intelligent collaborative control system includes a data acquisition module, a multi-objective optimization decision algorithm based on dynamic programming, an energy distribution module, a dynamic adjustment module, and a safety protection module. The data acquisition module collects key parameters of radiation intensity, grid load, and heat / gas storage status in real time. The multi-objective optimization decision algorithm based on dynamic programming automatically switches the system working mode according to real-time data and prediction models. The energy distribution module optimizes the molten salt and air flow of the high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger through an intelligent algorithm. The dynamic adjustment module adjusts the molten salt pump flow, compressor speed and valve opening in real time according to different working modes. The safety protection module implements overtemperature, molten salt solidification, and pipeline corrosion monitoring and prevention measures.

2. The molten salt heat storage coupled compressed air energy storage collaborative power generation system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger contains multi-stage countercurrent heat exchange channels, in which the high-temperature section heat exchange raises the temperature of the compressed air to above 500°C, while the low-temperature section heat exchange preheats the air at the compressor outlet to 200°C.

3. The synergistic power generation system of molten salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The multi-objective collaborative control algorithm in the intelligent collaborative control system further considers real-time electricity price signals, weather forecast information and equipment life loss coefficient to optimize the overall efficiency of the system.

4. The synergistic power generation system of molten salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In CAES peak-shaving mode, the intelligent collaborative control system maintains the turbine inlet air temperature stable at above 500°C by dynamically monitoring and precisely adjusting the molten salt flow rate.

5. The molten salt heat storage coupled compressed air energy storage collaborative power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In the solar-thermal-dominated mode, excess electricity drives the compressor to store air in the air storage chamber, while high-temperature molten salt is used to preheat the air in the air storage chamber, optimizing compression power consumption and energy storage efficiency.

6. The molten salt heat storage coupled compressed air energy storage collaborative power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In the emergency energy replenishment mode, the electric heating molten salt module is started, the molten salt temperature is adjusted to no less than 300°C, and the operating parameters of the compressed air energy storage system are adjusted in real time to meet the grid frequency regulation requirements.

7. The molten salt heat storage coupled compressed air energy storage collaborative power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The high-temperature molten salt air heat exchanger is integrated with the molten salt heat storage system. When the molten salt temperature is detected to be lower than 280°C, the electric heating system is automatically activated to prevent the molten salt from solidifying and ensure continuous operation of the system.

8. The molten salt heat storage coupled with compressed air energy storage collaborative power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The safety protection module in the intelligent collaborative control system specifically includes real-time monitoring of the molten salt temperature. Once the temperature is detected to exceed 580°C, the molten salt flow direction is immediately adjusted and the cooling process is started.

9. The molten salt heat storage coupled compressed air energy storage collaborative power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The safety protection module in the intelligent collaborative control system also specifically includes a molecular sieve dryer on the air side to control the humidity below 10 ppm and prevent the molten salt from hydrolyzing in a high temperature and humid environment.

10. A collaborative power generation control method for molten salt thermal storage coupled with compressed air energy storage, characterized in that: The process includes the following steps: real-time data collection and analysis, which involves key parameters such as radiation intensity, grid load, and heat / gas storage status; automatic switching of working modes, which is based on real-time data and prediction models, and utilizes dynamic programming algorithms; cascade energy distribution control, which optimizes molten salt and air flow rates through intelligent algorithms; dynamic adjustment strategies, which adjust the molten salt pump flow, compressor speed, and valve opening in real time for different working modes; safety monitoring and abnormality prevention, which implement overheating, molten salt solidification, and pipeline corrosion monitoring and prevention measures.

11. The method for controlling synergistic power generation of molten salt thermal storage coupled with compressed air energy storage according to claim 10, characterized in that: The dynamic regulation strategy further includes adaptively adjusting the molten salt pump flow, compressor speed and valve opening according to real-time changes in the working mode to maintain the efficient operation of the system.

12. The method for controlling synergistic power generation of molten salt thermal storage coupled with compressed air energy storage according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: Real-time data collection and analysis also includes monitoring the temperature distribution and pressure fluctuations of the molten salt thermal storage system, as well as evaluating the charging and discharging efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system.

13. The method for controlling synergistic power generation of molten salt thermal storage coupled with compressed air energy storage according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that: In the cascade energy distribution control, the energy distribution module uses a deep learning algorithm to predict the radiation intensity and grid demand at future times, and dynamically adjusts the ratio of molten salt to air to maximize the system's power generation efficiency.

14. The method for controlling synergistic power generation of molten salt thermal storage coupled with compressed air energy storage according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that: Safety monitoring and abnormality prevention also include real-time monitoring of the temperature difference between the inner and outer walls of the molten salt heat storage tank. Once an abnormal temperature difference is detected, immediate measures are taken to prevent structural damage caused by thermal stress.

15. The method for controlling synergistic power generation of molten salt thermal storage coupled with compressed air energy storage according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that: In the emergency energy replenishment mode, the safety protection module is specially equipped with a backup power supply and a fast molten salt heating device to ensure that the molten salt temperature does not drop suddenly when responding to the grid frequency modulation command in a very short time.

Images