Offshore wind-light-wave-flow combined power generation energy island structure

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean new energy development and utilization, and discloses an offshore wind-light-wave-flow combined power generation energy island structure which comprises a plurality of breakwaters, the adjacent ends of the multiple breakwaters are connected to form a circular ring, the inner side walls of the breakwaters are connected with a plurality of supporting film structures correspondingly, and the supporting film structures are arranged on the inner side walls of the breakwaters. A plurality of floating photovoltaics are connected to the ends, away from the water body, of the supporting film structures, a plurality of water passing openings and a plurality of ventilation openings are formed in the upstream face of the outer side of the breakwater, and the water passing openings are formed in the sides, close to the sea surface, of the ventilation openings and located below the sea surface; the wave power generation device has the wave power generation function, the photovoltaic wave dissipation function, the wind power generation device basic function and the ocean current power generation suspension structure function, external wave power generation, internal photovoltaic power generation, upper wind power generation and lower ocean current power generation can be achieved at the same time, and three-dimensional comprehensive development and utilization of ocean resources are fully achieved; and repeated construction of infrastructures is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of marine new energy development and utilization, and specifically is an offshore wind, solar, wave and current combined power generation energy island structure. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of global climate governance and the transition to green, low-carbon energy, the ocean has become a key area of competition among major powers. Major economies such as the United States, Japan, and the European Union have all formulated ocean strategies to seize marine resources and space. The development and utilization of clean marine energy can strongly support and fundamentally address energy security, atmospheric governance, global climate change, and industrial upgrading. With the continued development of marine energy, offshore resources have gradually become saturated, and development has begun to move towards large-scale, centralized, and deep-sea development. The requirements for offshore wind power, photovoltaic power generation, and wave power generation to withstand typhoons and waves have also continued to increase, increasing development costs. Furthermore, traditional offshore energy sources often focus on a single energy source, resulting in low resource utilization efficiency and hindering the full development and utilization of high-quality marine resources.

[0003] The application number is CN201810011933.9, a Chinese patent, and the name of the patent is an offshore multi-energy integrated power generation and power supply monitoring platform. The wind-solar complementary power generation system is set on the support platform; when the wind turbine shaft rotates, it drives the rotor to rotate, and generates current by interacting with the stator. The current is rectified by the wind power rectifier and collected together with the current generated by the solar panel into the wind-solar complementary controller; the wave energy power generation system is an oscillating float power generation system, the float is connected to the piston device above through the transmission shaft, the piston device is connected to the generator above, and the generator is connected to the power processing system through the transmission device; tidal energy power generation The device is set under the floating body; the sensor distribution system is a collection of various sensors installed on the platform; the underwater sensor group is set on a longitudinally arranged chain, and different sensors can be detachably set according to the different depths of the sea water; the power processing system is set in the internal cavity of the floating body to process, store and output the electrical energy converted from wind energy, solar energy, wave energy and tidal energy. Although the above scheme realizes the full utilization of wind, light, waves and currents in the ocean, it cannot effectively reduce the impact of waves on photovoltaic panels during use. At the same time, there is a lack of means to deal with severe weather, and the service life of the platform cannot be ensured.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention proposes an offshore wind, solar, wave and current combined power generation energy island structure, which integrates multiple energy sources such as offshore wind energy, solar energy, wave energy and ocean current energy through a three-dimensional design, shares infrastructure to reduce single project investment, and improves energy output stability, thereby achieving intensive development and utilization of marine resources and seizing the commanding heights of international marine energy technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above problems. The present invention provides an offshore wind-solar-wave-current combined power generation energy island structure, which has the advantages of multi-energy flow coordinated control capability, optimized structural wind and wave resistance performance, and improved component maintainability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: An offshore wind, solar, wave and current combined power generation energy island structure, capable of improving energy output efficiency and system reliability through the logical linkage and energy complementarity of various components, comprising a plurality of breakwaters, wherein adjacent ends of the plurality of breakwaters are interconnected to form a ring shape, a plurality of supporting membrane structures are respectively connected to the inner side walls of the breakwaters, and a plurality of floating photovoltaic devices are connected to the ends of the plurality of supporting membrane structures away from the water body; The outer water-facing surface of the breakwater is provided with a plurality of water inlets and a plurality of vents, wherein the water inlets are located on the side of the vents close to the sea surface and below the sea surface, and the water inlets and the vents are connected via an air cavity, and an air cavity power generation turbine is connected in the air cavity; An ocean current power generation component is connected to one end of the breakwater close to the seabed.

[0007] Preferably, a plurality of connection grooves are provided on one end of the breakwater close to the seabed, and the ocean current power generation assembly is detachably connected to the connection grooves.

[0008] Preferably, the ocean current power generation assembly includes a snap-in plate, which is snap-in connected to the connecting groove; a connecting column is provided on the end of the snap-in plate away from the breakwater; a sealing plate for closing the connecting groove is connected to the end of the connecting column away from the snap-in plate; and an induction column is connected to the end of the sealing plate away from the connecting column.

[0009] Preferably, at least one mooring system is provided on each section of the breakwater, and each mooring system contains at least one high-strength cable with a power generation device provided on the cable. An end of the mooring system away from the breakwater is connected to an anchoring foundation system.

[0010] Preferably, a cavity for reducing weight is provided in the breakwater.

[0011] Preferably, a partition member is connected between two adjacent supporting membrane structures.

[0012] Preferably, a wind turbine is connected to the end of the breakwater away from the seabed.

[0013] Preferably, the breakwater is composed of a concrete structure.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The core structure of the present invention is to realize the energy island structure type of offshore wind, light, wave and current combined power generation. The concrete breakwater of this energy island has wave power generation function, photovoltaic wave breaking function, wind power generation device foundation function, and ocean current power generation suspension structure function. It can simultaneously realize external wave power generation, internal photovoltaic power generation, upper wind power generation and lower ocean current power generation, fully realizing the three-dimensional comprehensive development and utilization of marine resources, avoiding duplicate construction of infrastructure, saving development costs, and can be integrated with marine industries such as marine fishery, animal husbandry, tourism, and hydrogen ammonia production for development, becoming a key carrier for the integration of global energy transformation and marine economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the overall device of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the ocean current power generation assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the breakwater of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the air cavity power generation turbine of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fan of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A.

[0016] Description of the drawings: 1. Breakwater; 2. Wind turbine; 3. Floating photovoltaic; 4. Support membrane structure; 5. Partition member; 6. Ocean current power generation assembly; 601. Induction column; 602. Sealing plate; 603. Connecting column; 604. Snap-in plate; 7. Mooring system; 8. Anchor foundation system; 9. Water inlet; 10. Vent; 11. Air cavity power generation turbine; 12. Cavity; 13. Connecting groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figures 1-6As shown, an offshore wind-solar-wave-current combined power generation energy island structure includes multiple breakwaters 1, and the adjacent ends of the multiple breakwaters 1 are connected to each other to form a circular shape. Multiple supporting membrane structures 4 are respectively connected to the inner walls of the breakwaters 1. The supporting membrane structures 4 are made of high-strength polyester fiber membrane material and coated with a hydrophobic nano-coating on the surface. The hydrophobic nano-coating can reduce the adhesion of seawater and maintain the light transmittance efficiency of the photovoltaic panels. The membrane body is fixed to the inner wall of the breakwater 1 through a tension cable net. Multiple floating photovoltaics 3 are connected to the ends of the multiple supporting membrane structures 4 away from the water body. The breakwater 1 is a closed ring structure composed of multiple sections of concrete embankments. Its wave-breaking function can provide a relatively stable operating environment for the floating photovoltaics 3 in the embankment area.

[0019] The outer water-facing surface of the breakwater 1 is provided with a plurality of water inlets 9 and a plurality of ventilation openings 10, which are distributed in an array with an upper and lower stagger. The water inlet 9 is on the side of the ventilation opening 10 close to the sea surface and is located below the sea surface. The water inlet 9 and the ventilation opening 10 are connected by an air cavity, and an air cavity power generation turbine 11 is connected in the air cavity. The air cavity power generation turbine 11 uses a bidirectional reversible water turbine. The water inlet 9 is on the lower side of the ventilation opening 10 and is located below the sea surface. The two openings are connected by the air cavity, and an air cavity power generation turbine 11 is provided in the air cavity. When waves enter and exit the water inlet 9, they can compress or expand the air to drive the air cavity power generation turbine 11 to rotate, thereby converting wave energy into electrical energy to realize air cavity power generation.

[0020] When waves enter the water inlet 9, the air in the air cavity is compressed and discharged through the vent 10, driving the air cavity power generation turbine 11 to rotate in the forward direction. When the waves recede, the air in the air cavity expands and outside air is drawn in through the vent 10, driving the air cavity power generation turbine 11 to rotate in the reverse direction. The bidirectional rotation of the turbine drives the generator to generate electricity, realizing the conversion of wave energy into electrical energy. An ocean current power generation assembly 6 is connected to one end of the breakwater 1 close to the seabed.

[0021] Furthermore, a plurality of connection grooves 13 are provided on one end of the breakwater 1 close to the seabed, and the ocean current power generation assembly 6 is detachably connected to the connection grooves 13 .

[0022] Furthermore, the ocean current power generation component 6 includes a snap-in plate 604, which is snap-in to the connecting groove 13. A connecting column 603 is provided on the end of the snap-in plate 604 away from the breakwater 1. A sealing plate 602 for closing the connecting groove 13 is connected to the end of the connecting column 603 away from the snap-in plate 604. An induction column 601 is connected to the end of the sealing plate 602 away from the connecting column 603. A connecting groove 13 is provided at the lower part of the breakwater 1 for hanging the ocean current power generation component 6. The type of the connecting groove 13 matches the hanging position of the ocean current power generation component 6.

[0023] The ocean current impacts the sensing column 601, causing it to move and transmit the displacement to the internal power generation mechanism (such as a turbine or generator) through the connecting column 603, thereby converting the ocean current energy into electrical energy.

[0024] Furthermore, at least one mooring system 7 is provided on each section of the breakwater 1. Each mooring system 7 contains at least one high-strength cable with a power generation device provided on the cable. An end of the mooring system 7 away from the breakwater 1 is connected to an anchoring foundation system 8. The anchoring foundation can be circular, rectangular, etc., and can be adjusted according to the actual seabed conditions.

[0025] The high-strength cable of the mooring system 7 is made of carbon fiber composite cable and has a built-in fiber optic Bragg grating strain sensor to monitor the cable tension in real time. The cable length is automatically adjusted by the hydraulic winch in the anchoring foundation system 8 to ensure the positioning accuracy of the energy island in harsh sea conditions. The cable power generation device uses magnetorheological fluid damping power generation technology. When the cable is stretched by wave force, the secondary capture of wave energy is achieved.

[0026] Furthermore, a cavity 12 is provided inside the breakwater 1 for weight reduction. The cavity 12 is provided inside the breakwater 1 to reduce weight and can be used as an operation room, a lounge, a big data center, etc. In summary, the breakwater 1 has wave power generation functions, photovoltaic wave dissipation functions, a wind power generation device foundation function, and an ocean current power generation suspension structure function.

[0027] Furthermore, a partition member 5 for support and fixation is connected between two adjacent supporting membrane structures 4. The floating photovoltaic 3 is arranged on the surface of the supporting membrane structure 4 and is divided into multiple blocks by the partition member 5. The partition member 5 is an aluminum alloy truss structure with an anti-slip and wear-resistant coating on the surface, which has both traffic channel and photovoltaic partition support functions.

[0028] Furthermore, a wind turbine 2 is connected to the end of the breakwater 1 away from the seabed. Foundation components are embedded in the breakwater 1 and connected to the wind turbine 2 by bolts, welding, etc., thereby serving as the foundation of the wind turbine 2.

[0029] As an embodiment of the design, the breakwater 1 is divided into 8 sections, each with a 45° angle. The inner diameter of the breakwater 1 is 400m, the top width is 40m, the bottom width is 55m, the height is 15m, and the outer water-facing surface has a slope angle of 45°. The cross-sectional dimensions of the water inlet 9, the vent 10 and the air cavity are 3.0m×3.0m, and an air cavity power generation turbine 11 is set at the vent 10. Each section of the breakwater 1 is equipped with 15 air cavity power generation turbines 11, 27 ocean current power generation components 6 and 1 wind turbine 2. Therefore, the energy island is equipped with a total of 120 air cavity power generation turbines 11, 216 ocean current power generation components 6 and 8 wind turbines 2. A supporting membrane structure 4 with a diameter of 400m is set inside the breakwater 1, which is divided into 8 areas in total. Each area is equipped with a floating body and floating photovoltaic 3, with approximately 25,000 floating photovoltaic units 3 arranged. The high-strength cable is approximately 210m long, and the circular anchor block is 80m in diameter and 20m thick.

[0030] The control center integrated in cavity 12 collects power generation data of wind energy, solar energy, wave energy, and ocean current energy in real time, and uses a fuzzy adaptive control algorithm to optimize the output ratio of each energy source, giving priority to meeting the island's own electricity needs (such as equipment operation and maintenance, and monitoring systems). The remaining electricity is connected to the grid through submarine cables.

[0031] When there is no severe weather at sea level, the blades of the wind turbine 2 rotate against the wind at a regular angle, driving the generator to continuously generate electricity through mechanical transmission. The supporting membrane structure 4 is fixed to the inner wall of the breakwater 1 through a tension cable net, maintaining a horizontal stretch state to ensure the normal operation of the floating photovoltaic 3.

[0032] The surface stable waves flow in and out of the water inlet 9 in a small amplitude, pushing the air in the air cavity to compress / expand back and forth, driving the air cavity power generation turbine 11 to rotate continuously to generate electricity. At the same time, the water inlet 9 and the vent 10 are staggered up and down to ensure the continuous flow of air in the air cavity and maintain the stable operation of the air cavity power generation turbine 11.

[0033] The sensing column 601 is exposed to the ocean current and generates mechanical movement due to the impact of the stable water flow, which drives the internal power generation device to work through the connecting column 603. The clamping plate 604 is fixedly connected to the connecting groove 13 at the bottom of the breakwater to ensure that the component maintains a stable posture in the ocean current and continuously captures ocean current energy.

[0034] And because when the energy island is connected on the sea level, the length of the cable on the mooring system 7 changes under the action of the waves, thereby causing the cable to change in length to generate current. Therefore, the mooring system 7 can fix the position of the energy island while also generating current.

[0035] When the control center detects a typhoon warning (wind speed ≥ level 12), the system automatically performs the following operations: First, the blades of wind turbine 2 are controlled to adjust to the downwind direction, and the mechanical braking device is activated to reduce the wind-exposed area of wind turbine 2 and prevent excessive rotation of the blades of wind turbine 2 from affecting the stability of its connection. At the same time, the floating photovoltaic 3 controls the deflation of the airbag through the built-in airbag inflation and deflation system of the supporting membrane structure 4, so that the energy island as a whole is lowered to 1 to 2 meters below the water surface for safety. The sealing plate 602 on the ocean current power generation component 6 is completely closed, and the air cavity power generation turbine 11 enters the idling mode to reduce mechanical losses. In addition, the mutual cooperation between the anchoring foundation system 8 and the mooring system 7 is used to avoid excessive position displacement of the energy island on the sea surface, thereby improving the safety of the energy island during use.

[0036] The proposed offshore wind-solar-wave-current combined power generation energy island structure can simultaneously realize external wave power generation, internal photovoltaic power generation, upper wind power generation and lower ocean current power generation, fully realizing the three-dimensional comprehensive development and utilization of marine resources.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements that are inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0038] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An offshore wind, solar, wave and current combined power generation energy island structure, characterized by: The invention comprises a plurality of breakwaters (1), wherein adjacent ends of the plurality of breakwaters (1) are connected to each other to form a circular ring shape, a plurality of supporting membrane structures (4) are connected to the inner side walls of the breakwaters (1), and a plurality of floating photovoltaic devices (3) are connected to the ends of the plurality of supporting membrane structures (4) away from the water body; The outer water-facing surface of the breakwater (1) is provided with a plurality of water openings (9) and a plurality of ventilation openings (10), the water openings (9) being located on the side of the ventilation openings (10) close to the sea surface and below the sea surface, the water openings (9) and the ventilation openings (10) being connected via an air cavity, and an air cavity power generation turbine (11) being connected in the air cavity; An ocean current power generation component (6) is connected to one end of the breakwater (1) close to the seabed.

2. The offshore wind, solar, wave and current combined power generation energy island structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A plurality of connection grooves (13) are provided on one end of the breakwater (1) close to the seabed, and the ocean current power generation assembly (6) is detachably connected to the connection grooves (13).

3. The offshore wind, solar, wave and current combined power generation energy island structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The ocean current power generation assembly (6) comprises a clamping plate (604), the clamping plate (604) being clamped to the connection groove (13), a connection column (603) being provided on one end of the clamping plate (604) away from the breakwater (1), a sealing plate (602) for closing the connection groove (13) being connected to one end of the connection column (603) away from the clamping plate (604), and a sensing column (601) being connected to one end of the sealing plate (602) away from the connection column (603).

4. The offshore wind, solar, wave and current combined power generation energy island structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: At least one mooring system (7) is provided on each section of the breakwater (1), and each mooring system (7) contains at least one high-strength cable with a power generation device provided on the cable. An end of the mooring system (7) away from the breakwater (1) is connected to an anchor foundation system (8).

5. The offshore wind, solar, wave and current combined power generation energy island structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A cavity (12) for reducing weight is provided in the breakwater (1).

6. The offshore wind, solar, wave and current combined power generation energy island structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A separation component (5) is provided between two adjacent supporting membrane structures (4).

7. The offshore wind, solar, wave and current combined power generation energy island structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A wind turbine (2) is connected to one end of the breakwater (1) away from the seabed.

8. The offshore wind, solar, wave and current combined power generation energy island structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The breakwater (1) is composed of a concrete structure.

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