Grapholitha niponensis sex pheromone communication interference composition derived from host plant

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological prevention and control of agricultural pests, and relates to a peach fruit moth sex pheromone communication interference composition derived from host plants. The interferent is selected from at least one of trans-2-heptanal, trans-2-hexenyl acetate, leaf acetate and octanoic acid. The interferent can be used for predicting, forecasting, preventing and controlling peach fruit moths. The communication interferent provided by the invention can influence chemical communication between female and male imagoes of the peach fruit moth. The method can be combined with sex pheromones to be used for predicting, forecasting, preventing and controlling the peach fruit moths, and a new combination is provided for ecological prevention and control of the peach fruit moths.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological prevention and control of agricultural pests, and relates to a sex pheromone chemical communication disruptor for peach borer. Background Art

[0002] The disclosure of this background information is intended to enhance understanding of the general background of the invention and should not necessarily be regarded as an acknowledgment or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.

[0003] Peach borer ( Carposina sasakii The peach borer, also known as the peach fruit moth, is a major pest of pome and stone fruit trees in my country. It is highly cryptic, with a single female laying over 300 eggs. Due to its concealed location, eggs are often laid in well-hidden areas such as the calyx, the base of the stalk, and the fuzz of the stalk. Once hatched, the eggs can bore into the fruit within minutes to three hours, making it difficult to control. Therefore, effective control of adult peach borers is a crucial measure to improve control effectiveness.

[0004] Currently, the use of sex pheromones for controlling peach borer is a key integrated control measure, primarily relying on monitoring infestation, mass trapping, and disorientation disruption. Mating disruption is currently the most promising green control technique for this pest, offering high specificity and a pollution-free environment. While mating disruption has made some progress both domestically and internationally, successful application has yet to be achieved. Peach borer sex pheromones, primarily composed of cis-7-eicosene-11-one and cis-7-nonadecen-11-one, are expensive to synthesize. Furthermore, the limited availability of compounds for disorientation disruption has limited their application. To improve the effectiveness of field disorientation control of peach borer, a combination of compounds with enhanced disorientation is needed, based on the pest's infestation characteristics and the differences in volatile compounds found in host plants. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the current problem of lack of products for disorienting adult peach borer, the present invention provides a peach borer sex pheromone communication interference composition extracted from host plants, which can improve the luring effect of adult peach borer.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0007] A communication disruptor for adult peach borer, wherein the disruptor is selected from one or a combination of trans-2-heptaldehyde (CAS: 18829-55-5), trans-2-hexenyl acetate (CAS: 2497-18-9), phytyl acetate (CAS: 3681-71-8) and octanoic acid (CAS: 124-07-2).

[0008] Preferably, the communication disruptor is selected from trans-2-hexenyl acetate.

[0009] The present invention also provides a communication interference composition for peach borer adults, comprising the above-mentioned communication interference substance and peach borer adult sex pheromone, with the ratio of the two being 20:(1-1.6).

[0010] Preferably, the peach borer adult sex pheromone is cis-7-eicosene-11-one.

[0011] The communication interference substance or combination can be used for prediction, forecasting and prevention of peach borer.

[0012] The communication interference substance or composition can be used to prepare a preparation, wherein the preparation comprises an inert carrier selected from at least one of paper, rubber, and plastic.

[0013] The above-mentioned preparation can be prepared by dissolving the communication disruptor in a solvent and then adsorbing it on an inert carrier and then removing the solvent.

[0014] The solvent is preferably liquid paraffin or n-hexane.

[0015] A method for controlling peach borer comprises the following steps: applying a communication disruptor, a communication disruptor composition or a preparation thereof to crops damaged by the peach borer at the early stage of adult emergence.

[0016] In the control method, the amount of the communication interference composition used is 46.67-48.00µg / m 2 .

[0017] The present invention has the following advantages: The communication disruptor of the present invention can affect the chemical communication between female and male adults of the peach borer, reduce the mating rate of female and male insects, and can be used in combination with sex pheromones for the prediction, forecast and prevention of the peach borer, providing a new combination for the ecological prevention and control of the peach borer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is the EAG response of peach borer to four compounds; Figure 2 The selective response of female peach borer to the four compounds; Figure 3 This is the selective response of male peach borer to four compounds. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0020] Example 1 Screening of Communication Interferors for Adult Peach Borer 1. Electroantennogram Healthy peach borer adults were selected, and the antennae of male and female peach borer moths were cut off from the base with dissecting scissors. The tip 1-2 segments of the antennae were cut off with a scalpel, and then fixed on the metal electrode with a capillary tube filled with physiological saline. The electrode was connected to the signal amplifier through a silver wire.

[0021] Solutions of trans-2-heptanal, trans-2-hexenyl acetate, phytyl acetate, and octanoic acid were prepared in n-hexane at concentrations ranging from 0.01 μg / μL to 100 μg / μL, respectively. Using a pipette, 10 μL of each solution was evenly applied to a filter paper strip folded in half into a V-shape. The filter paper strip was placed in a Pasteur tube, one end of which was connected to a gas stimulation control device, and the other end was inserted into a small hole connected to an odor mixing tube. Each stimulation lasted 0.2 seconds, with a 30-second interval between stimulations. Each compound was stimulated 3-5 times per antennae, with at least three antennae stimulated for each compound. A 10 μL n-hexane blank was used throughout the entire process. The responses of the peach borer were recorded. An equal amount of 10 μL of n-hexane on the filter paper strip was used as a control at the beginning, during, and end of each recording to eliminate bias. During the data analysis phase, the absolute potential response of the control n-hexane was used as a benchmark, and the EAG control value was subtracted from the potential response value after treatment to obtain the relative potential change caused by compound stimulation.

[0022] according to Figure 1 The data show that as the concentration of the compound increases, the EAG values of peach borer tend to increase, and the male insects respond less to trans-2-heptanal, trans-2-hexenyl acetate and phytol acetate than the female insects. The higher the concentration, the more significant the response difference. However, there is a difference in EAG response between male and female adults only to 10µg / µL octanoic acid.

[0023] 2. Y-shaped olfactory response Solutions of 2,4-hexadienal and phytyl isobutyrate were prepared in n-hexane at concentrations of 0.01µg / µL, 1µg / µL, and 100µg / µL, respectively. Silicone tubing was used to connect the various components of the test apparatus, and the wide-mouthed bottle was kept moist with distilled water. The odor source consisted of clean air filtered through an air filter and passed through the trap's inlet at a constant pressure and flow rate. Inside the trap, the odorant mixed with the clean air, creating a stream of air with different odors. This air flow passed through the branch arm and into the main arm, where it mixed and then exited through the outlet. During the experiment, a V-shaped filter paper was soaked and placed at the top of a side arm of the Y-tube. 20µL of the odorant compound was pipetted onto the V-shaped filter paper. The other side was treated with n-hexane as a control. Thirty adult male insects were used for each concentration (three replicates). After each experiment, the inner wall was cleaned with alcohol and distilled water and then dried. The experimental and control arms were swapped, and the odorant was reapplied to maintain the odorant concentration. The experiment was carried out in a quiet and dark environment. After 3 hours, the insects were observed every half an hour with the help of weak red light for 5 times. The number of male insects within 5 cm of the Y tube wall was recorded as the attraction effect. The total number was recorded and the selection rate was calculated according to the following formula: Selection rate (%) = number of insects that choose the odor source / total number of insects in the test × 100%.

[0024] The results are as follows Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, 1μg / μL octanoic acid, 1μg / μL and 100μg / μL trans-2-hexenyl acetate, and 1μg / μL and 100μg / μL phytol acetate had a significant repellent effect on female peach borer; 1μg / μL and 100μg / μL trans-2-heptanal could significantly increase the attraction rate of female peach borer; 1μg / μL, 100μg / μL trans-2-hexenyl acetate and trans-2-heptanal, 0.01μg / μL octanoic acid showed a strong attractant effect on male peach borer, while the others showed no obvious repellent effect compared with the control.

[0025] 3. Impact on mating communication Different volumes of the compound stock solution were dripped onto filter paper strips and allowed to evaporate in a rearing box. The final concentrations of trans-2-heptanal, trans-2-hexenyl acetate, phytol acetate, and octanoic acid were calculated based on the volume of the rearing box to be 0.1 μL / L, 1 μL / L, and 10 μL / L, respectively. Healthy, unmated adults that emerged on the same day were then placed in a 4-L rearing box at a 1:1 ratio of male to female. Ten pairs of adults were placed in each box, which was moistened with a cotton ball. Three replicates were used for each treatment, with 30 pairs of adults. Twenty hours after treatment, female moths were dissected, and mating was determined based on the shape of the copulatory sacs of mated females. Mating rate was calculated as: mating rate = number of mated moths / total number of female moths × 100%. Mortality was observed 48 hours after treatment.

[0026] Table 1 Mating rates of peach borer under different treatments Note: Different letters in each column represent significant differences at the 0.05 level; It means that the adult insects are dying due to the influence of the drug.

[0027] The experiment showed that the mating rate of the control insects was 86.7%. As shown in Table 2, compared with the control, the use of each compound alone, except for phytol acetate, had no effect on the mating rate of adult insects at 0.1 μL / L. 1 μL / L of trans-2-heptanal significantly inhibited the mating rate of peach borer, with a mortality rate of 60% after 48 hours of treatment. 10 μL / L of trans-2-heptanal resulted in the death of all insects after 48 hours.

[0028] Example 2 Preparation of formulation Commercialized sex pheromone of peach borer (mainly composed of cis-7-eicosene-11-one) was purchased and prepared into a solution with n-hexane. At the same time, trans-2-heptanal, trans-2-hexenyl acetate, leaf acetate and octanoic acid were respectively dissolved in n-hexane and added to a rubber stopper to make the content of sex pheromone 500 μg / piece or 800 μg / piece, and the content of other compounds 10,000 μg / piece, with the mass ratios of 1:20 and 1.6:20 respectively.

[0029] Application Example 1: The disorienting effect of bait cores on peach borer in the field The lure prepared in Example 2 was placed on the sticky insect board of the triangular trap; it was placed 1.5m-1.6m away from the apple tree, with an average distance of 15m between the traps. The concentration of the composition was 6.67-8.00 μg / m 2 The number of moths trapped in each trap was recorded every 7 days. The positions were randomly exchanged during each survey, and data were recorded four times in total. Three traps were used in each treatment, and the disorientation experiment was conducted at two test sites at a ratio of 1:20 and 1.6:20, respectively.

[0030] The interference efficiency of the compound was calculated according to the following formula: Interference rate (%) = (number of moths trapped in the control group - number of moths trapped in the treatment group) / number of moths trapped in the control group × 100%.

[0031] Table 2 Interference effects of different treatment compositions on the sex hormones of peach borer in the field Note: Different letters in each column represent significant differences at the 0.05 level.

[0032] Trapping data, as shown in Table 2, showed varying effects of sex pheromones combined with the four different compounds on peach borer pests. At a 1:20 ratio, the disruption rates ranged from 58.1% to 85.8%, while at a 1.6:20 ratio, the disruption rates ranged from 60.3% to 87.9%. Of all the combinations, trans-2-hexenyl acetate was the most effective, with disruption rates exceeding 80% in both locations, significantly reducing the chance of encounters between male and female peach borer pests.

[0033] The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should all be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A communication disruptor for adult peach borer, characterized in that: The interfering substance is selected from at least one of trans-2-heptanal, trans-2-hexenyl acetate, leaf acetate and octanoic acid.

2. The communication jammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication interfering substance is trans-2-hexenyl acetate.

3. A communication interference composition for adult peach borer, characterized in that: The invention comprises the communication disruptor according to claim 1 or 2 and the adult sex pheromone of peach borer, and the mass ratio of the two is 20:(1-1.6).

4. The communication jamming composition according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sex pheromone of the peach borer adult is cis-7-eicosene-11-one.

5. Use of the communication interference material according to claim 1 or 2, or the communication interference composition according to claim 3 or 4 in the prediction, forecast and prevention of peach borer.

6. A preparation prepared from the communication interfering substance according to claim 1 or 2, or the communication interfering composition according to claim 3 or 4.

7. The preparation according to claim 6, characterized in that An inert carrier is included; the inert carrier is preferably at least one selected from paper, rubber, and plastic.

8. A method for preparing the preparation according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The communication interference substance or the communication interference composition is dissolved in a solvent, adsorbed on an inert carrier, and then the solvent is removed to obtain the substance; The solvent is preferably liquid paraffin or n-hexane.

9. A method for controlling peach borer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The communication disruptor according to claim 1 or 2, the communication disruptor composition according to claim 3 or 4, or the preparation according to claim 6 or 7 is applied to crops damaged by peach borer at the early stage of adult emergence.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The communication interference composition is used at a dosage of 46.67-48.00µg / m 2 .

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