A method for preparing and applying a sex pheromone and its lure for controlling the Chinese tallow leaf moth (Cephalotaxus fortunei).

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of insect sex pheromone preparation technology, specifically to a method for preparing and applying a sex pheromone and its lure for controlling the Chinese moth *Cyclocarya paliurus*. Using GC-EAD and GC-MS technologies, this invention identified two sex pheromones, Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald, from the gonad extracts of female *Cyclocarya paliurus* moths. The sex pheromone provided by this invention has a clearly defined composition and optimized ratio. The lure preparation process is simple, has a long-lasting effect, and the trap has strong color adaptability. It enables efficient monitoring and green control of *Cyclocarya paliurus*, completely replacing chemical pesticides, is environmentally friendly, and suitable for widespread application in urban gardens and residential areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of insect sex pheromone preparation technology, specifically to a method for preparing and applying a sex pheromone and its lure for controlling the Chinese tallow leaf moth. Background Technology

[0002] The Chinese tallow tree (Bischofia javanica) is a commonly used landscaping species in China and Southeast Asia due to its beautiful tree shape and its resistance to wind and moisture. The Chinese tallow tree moth (Bischofia javanica) is also mentioned. Histia rhodope The *Cephalotaxus fortunei*, belonging to the subfamily Lepidoptera, family Lepidoptera, is a major pest of *Bischofia javanica*. Its larvae primarily feed on the leaves, and in severe cases, they can devour the entire tree, even causing some trees to die, impacting the urban landscape and ecological benefits. Since the larvae feed on leaves within the canopy, chemical pesticides are not only prone to causing pesticide resistance but also lead to significant pesticide runoff, reducing efficacy. Furthermore, pesticide droplets carried by the wind into residential areas cause environmental pollution and endanger residents' health. Biological control is an alternative, environmentally friendly pest control technology.

[0003] Although insect sex pheromones, derived from insect sex pheromones, have been proven to be highly safe for humans and the environment, and the sex pheromone components of the scarlet moth (cis-9-hexadecenal and (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-octadecanetrienal) have demonstrated significant trapping activity in the field, the specific chemical composition of the functional sex pheromone of the closely related or co-habiting pest, the Chinese tallow moth, remains unknown. This lack of a key component directly hinders the development and application of highly effective and specific sex pheromones targeting this pest. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method for preparing and applying sex pheromones and lures for controlling the Chinese moth *Cyclocarya paliurus*. For the first time, this invention identifies two physiologically active sex pheromone components from the gonad extracts of female *Cyclocarya paliurus* moths: Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald. The optimal mass ratio of Z9-16:Ald to Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald is determined to be 5:1. This method enables efficient monitoring and green control of *Cyclocarya paliurus*, completely replacing chemical pesticides, is environmentally friendly, and suitable for widespread application in urban gardens and residential areas.

[0005] This invention provides a sex pheromone for controlling the leafminer moth, wherein the sex pheromone is composed of Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald; the mass ratio of Z9-16:Ald to Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald is 1~5:1~5.

[0006] This invention identifies for the first time two physiologically active sex pheromone components, Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald, from the gonad extract of female *Cyclocarya paliurus* moths. The optimal mass ratio of these two pheromones, Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald, was determined to be 5:1. This allows for efficient monitoring and green control of *Cyclocarya paliurus*, completely replacing chemical pesticides, and is environmentally friendly, making it suitable for widespread application in urban gardens and residential areas.

[0007] The present invention also provides a lure for controlling the Chinese tallow leafminer moth, wherein the sex pheromone is injected into the interior of a rubber diaphragm to obtain the lure.

[0008] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the lure core, comprising preparing a Z9-16:Ald solution and a Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald solution with a concentration of 9 μg / μL to 11 μg / μL using n-hexane, mixing the Z9-16:Ald solution and the Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald solution at a volume ratio of 1 to 5:1 to 5 to obtain a pheromone solution; and injecting the pheromone solution into the interior of a rubber diaphragm to obtain the lure core.

[0009] The present invention also provides the application of the sex pheromone or the lure in trapping the Chinese tallow moth.

[0010] Furthermore, the *Chongyangmu* moth is a male moth.

[0011] The present invention also provides a trap, including an insect collection bucket, an upper cover connected to the upper part of the insect collection bucket, an insect inlet and a lure basket provided on the upper cover, the lure basket having a hollow structure, and the lure basket containing the lure.

[0012] Furthermore, a rain cover is connected to the upper part of the trap's top cover.

[0013] Furthermore, the top cover of the trap is purple, and the insect collection bucket is transparent.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for trapping the Chinese tallow moth on the Chinese tallow tree, wherein the trap is suspended on the branches of the Chinese tallow tree at a height of 2 m to 4 m above the ground, with intervals of 18 m to 22 m.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention, using GC-EAD and GC-MS techniques, for the first time identified two physiologically active sex pheromone components, Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald, from the gonad extracts of female *Cyclocarya paliurus* moths. The retention time, mass spectrometry characteristics, and relative ratio (15:85) of these components were determined, providing a scientific basis for subsequent artificial synthesis and application. This invention employs sex pheromone trapping technology, avoiding problems such as pesticide resistance, pesticide runoff, and environmental pollution caused by chemical pesticides. Furthermore, the trapping target is only male *Cyclocarya paliurus* moths, without affecting natural enemies or non-target organisms, resulting in high ecological safety. It is suitable for urban gardens, residential areas, and other areas with high environmental requirements.

[0016] This invention determined the optimal mass ratio of two pheromones, Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald, to be 5:1 through field moth-trapping experiments. Under this ratio, the number of male moths trapped was significantly higher than that of other ratios, and there was no significant difference in trapping effect compared with 3 virgin female moths. It was also clarified that the trapping effect was best when the total pheromone content was in the range of 480 μg to 900 μg, which was significantly higher than that of the low-dose group (60 μg to 300 μg). Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 The mating rhythm of adult *Cyclocarya paliurus* is shown in the figure. In the figure, A represents the mating rate of adult *Cyclocarya paliurus* of different ages, and B represents the diurnal rhythm of mating of adult *Cyclocarya paliurus*.

[0019] Figure 2 Gas chromatography-antennae potential assay of gonadal extracts from male *Cynanchum chinense* moths against virgin female moths.

[0020] Figure 3 EAG response of male moth antennae of the Chinese moth *Cyclocarya paliurus* to Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald.

[0021] Figure 4 The selection behavior of male *C. chrysoberylus* moths to different concentrations of Z9-16:Ald and Z9, Z12, Z15-18:Ald is shown in the figure. In the figure, A represents the selection behavior of male *C. chrysoberylus* moths to different concentrations of Z9-16:Ald; B represents the selection behavior of male *C. chrysoberylus* moths to different concentrations of Z9, Z12, Z15-18:Ald.

[0022] Figure 5 The figures show the effects of various factors on the trapping of male moths by virgin female moth bait traps. In the figures, A represents the effect of the mating status of female moths on the trapping of male moths by virgin female moth bait traps; B represents the effect of the number of unmated female moths on the trapping of male moths by virgin female moth bait traps; C represents the effect of the age of female moths on the trapping of male moths by virgin female moth bait traps; and D represents the effect of time on the trapping of male moths by virgin female moth bait traps.

[0023] Figure 6 The effects of different ratios and dosages of Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z18-18:Ald on the trapping of male moths by sex pheromone bait traps were investigated. In the figure, A shows the effects of different ratios of Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z18-18:Ald on the trapping of male moths by sex pheromone bait traps; B shows the effects of different dosages of Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z18-18:Ald on the trapping of male moths by sex pheromone bait traps.

[0024] Figure 7 The effects of different colored traps on the trapping of male *Cynanchum chinense* moths. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods, and the materials and reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0026] Example 1: A method for preparing and applying a sex pheromone and its lure for controlling the Chinese tallow leaf moth.

[0027] I. Experimental Methods 1. Test insect source In July 2023, larvae of the *Bischofia javanica* moth were collected from a *Bischofia javanica* forest in the Luoyang Sui and Tang Dynasty City Ruins Botanical Garden (112.45°E, 34.64°N). Single-headed larvae were placed in petri dishes and reared with fresh *Bischofia javanica* leaves. The petri dishes were placed in an artificial climate chamber with conditions set at 26±2℃, 70%±10% relative humidity, and a light-dark ratio of 16 h:8 h. Fresh leaves were replaced daily until pupation. Male and female pupae were placed separately in cylindrical rearing cages (bottom diameter 16 cm, top diameter 23 cm, height 16 cm) and fed with honey solution after emergence.

[0028] 2. The mating rhythm and mating rate of the Chinese tallow leaf moth (Cyclocarya paliurus) Outdoors, nylon cages (length × width × height = 2 m × 2 m × 2 m) were placed, and nine potted *Bischofia javanica* seedlings, each 1 m high, were placed inside to simulate a wild mating area. Fifty pairs of healthy male and female moths, 3 ± 2 days old, were randomly selected and placed in the aforementioned nylon cages (50 pairs per cage) for continuous observation. When mating was observed, the mating insects were removed and gently placed into plastic feeding boxes (bottom diameter 10 cm, top diameter 15 cm, height 10 cm; 1 pair per box). The number of matings of insects of each age was counted hourly to analyze their diurnal and daily mating rhythms. A total of 5 groups were used, with 50 pairs in each group, repeated 3 times.

[0029] 3. Extraction of sex pheromones from female *Cyclocarya paliurus* moths Sixty two-day-old, unmated female *Corydalis chinensis* moths were selected. Sex pheromone glands were extracted during the peak courtship period from 14:00 to 15:00. The abdomen of the female moths was gently squeezed with forceps until the gonads were exposed. The glands were then cut off with dissecting scissors and placed in sample vials containing 1 mL of n-hexane. Ten glands were placed in each vial, ensuring complete immersion in the hexane for extraction. After standing for 30 minutes, the glands were removed. The extracts from six sample vials were filtered through a 0.22 µm filter membrane. The filtrates were combined, concentrated to 1 mL with nitrogen, sealed, and stored at -20°C for later use.

[0030] 4. GC-EAD analysis of sex pheromones The gas chromatography-electroantenic potential (GC-EAD) system used an Agilent 7890B GC, an HP-5MS column (30m × 0.25 mm, 0.25 µm; J&W Scientific, Folsom, CA, USA), and a splitter (OSS-2, SGE, Australia) with a 1:1 split at the outlet. One portion of the sample went into the FID flame ionization detector, while the other portion was heated by a heating sleeve and blown by a clean gas stream onto the male moth antennae fixed to the EAG device. The insect antennal potentiostat (EAG) was manufactured by Syntech, Germany, and data was acquired using an IDAC-4 signal amplifier. GC conditions: FID flame ionization detector, nitrogen as carrier gas, splitless injection, injector temperature 220℃, detector temperature 260℃. GC column oven temperature program: Initial temperature 80℃, hold for 1 min, increase to 210℃ at a rate of 8℃ / min, hold for 10 min, and finally increase to 260℃ at a rate of 15℃ / min, hold for 2 min.

[0031] For GC-EAD analysis, unmated male *Cephalotaxus fortunei* moths aged 9 hours during the photoperiod and 2 days old were selected. One male moth's antennae were cut off from the base using dissecting scissors, and 1 mm was removed from each end with a blade. The antennae were then fixed to the electrodes using conductive adhesive (Spectra360), and the electrodes were inserted into the EAG probe. Two µL of sex pheromone (approximately equivalent to 3 female moths, 3 FE) was manually injected. After splitting, one portion entered the FID hydrogen ion detector, and the other portion was heated and blown onto the male moth's antennae through a heating sleeve. The recorded antennal potentials were acquired using the IDAC-4 signal amplifier, and GC and EAG spectra were simultaneously recorded using EAG Pro software.

[0032] 5. GC-MS analysis of sex pheromones The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) system used an Agilent 7890A tandem with an Agilent MS 5977B. The chromatographic column in the GC was the same as that in the GC-EAD system, using nitrogen as the carrier gas. Ionization was performed by electron impact ionization (EI) at an ionization energy of 70 eV. The ion generator temperature was 220 °C, and the mass scan range was 33 amu to 400 amu. The GC column oven temperature program was as follows: initial temperature 80 °C, hold for 1 min, increase to 210 °C at a rate of 8 °C / min, hold for 1 min, and finally increase to 250 °C at a rate of 15 °C / min, hold for 2 min.

[0033] 2 µL of sex pheromone (3 FE) was manually injected. Characteristic ion fragments of candidate compounds were analyzed by comparing peak shapes and retention times (RT) of GC-EAD and GC-MS total ion chromatograms (TIC), and the specific chemical structures of sex pheromone components were determined by matching the mass spectra of standard compounds in the Nist14 database connected to the instrument.

[0034] 6. Dosage response of male antennae of the *Cyclocarya paliurus* moth to a standard compound. Standard compounds Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald (purchased from Zhengzhou Guancheng District Kexin Chemical Products Sales Department) were prepared with hexane at concentrations of 0.01 ng / µL, 0.1 ng / µL, 1 ng / µL, 10 ng / µL, and 100 ng / µL, respectively. Filter paper strips of 0.5 cm × 5 cm were prepared. 10 µL of the prepared solution was transferred onto each strip using a pipette. After approximately 2 minutes, the strips were allowed to air dry and then placed into Parshall glass tubes. For EAG analysis, unmated male *Cephalotaxus fortunei* moths aged 9 hours and 2 days were selected. The antennae were cut off from the base using dissecting scissors, and approximately 1 mm was removed from each end of the antennae with a blade. The antennae were then fixed to the electrodes using conductive adhesive (Spectra 360), and the electrodes were inserted into the EAG probe. The mouth of a Parvati glass tube containing filter paper was opened, and the antennae were stimulated in the following order: air, n-hexane, Z9-16:Ald, and Z9, Z12, Z15-18:Ald solutions (in order of increasing concentration). A set of EAG values ​​was measured, with five sets of EAG data obtained using antennae from different male moths as replicates. The recorded antennal potentials were acquired using an IDAC-4 signal amplifier and recorded using EAG Pro software.

[0035] 7. Olfactory Selection Test The olfactory device consists of a Y-shaped transparent glass tube, a main arm (20 cm long, 2.5 cm inner diameter) and two side arms (18 cm long, 2.5 cm inner diameter), separated at 75°. The incoming air is supplied by a single-channel air sampler (QC-1S, Beijing Institute of Occupational Health Technology Development Co., Ltd.), purified with activated carbon and distilled water (flow rate 500 mL / min) before being delivered to the two side arms. Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald solutions with concentrations of 0.01 μg / μL, 0.1 μg / μL, 1 μg / μL, 10 μg / μL, and 100 μg / μL were prepared using n-hexane. 10 μL of Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald solutions were pipetted onto filter paper (1.5 cm × 2 cm) and placed in one arm of a Y-tube; an equal volume of n-hexane was aspirated from the other arm as a control. Tests were conducted from 14:00 to 15:00, consistent with the biological habits of *Cyclocarya pallens*. A Y-type olfactometer was placed in a behavioral observation box and observed under uniform white light to minimize behavioral interference. For each test, one male moth was placed in the main arm of the Y-tube to assess its response. If a male moth entered more than 1 / 3 of the side arm and remained there for at least 1 minute, it was recorded as selected; if it remained in the main arm for more than 5 minutes, it was recorded as not selected. To reduce positional bias and avoid odor influence, the Y-tube arm was reversed and washed after every 10 male moths tested.

[0036] 8. Field moth trapping experiment Field evaluation experiments were conducted in a *Bischofia javanica* forest at Henan University of Science and Technology in Luoyang, China, using virgin female moth bait traps (August 21-30, 2024) and sex pheromone bait traps (October 25-November 9, 2024), during the *Bischofia javanica* moth flight season. The barrel-shaped traps (green top, yellow lid, transparent barrel body, purchased from Beijing Zhongjie Sifang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) were suspended from *Bischofia javanica* branches, 3 m above the ground, at intervals of 20 m.

[0037] 8.1 Experiment with virgin female moth bait traps In the experiment using virgin female moth bait traps, three experiments were set up to test the effects of female moth quantity, mating status, and age on the trapping effect: Experiment 1: One, three, five, seven and nine two-day-old virgin female moths were used as lures, and traps without live female moths were used as controls. There were a total of 6 groups, with each group being repeated 3 times. The observations were conducted for 3 consecutive days. Experiment 2: After determining the optimal number of female moth lures in the trap, 5 mated female moths and 5 virgin female moths were placed in the trap as lures, for a total of 2 groups, with 3 repetitions in each group; Experiment 3: Virgin female moths aged 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days were placed in traps as lures, with 5 moths in each trap. Traps without virgin female moths were used as controls. There were a total of 6 groups, with 3 replicates per group. Experiment 4: Five one-day-old virgin female moths were used as lures. The traps were checked every hour from 6:00 to 19:00, and the number of male moths captured was recorded.

[0038] The virgin female moths are replaced daily, and the moth-catching situation is checked every hour, with the number of moths captured recorded.

[0039] 8.2 Sex pheromone bait trap test In the sex pheromone bait trap experiment, sex pheromones were distributed through a green rubber diaphragm (Beijing Zhongjie Sifang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.). Based on the results of the aforementioned olfactory selection experiment, two sex pheromones were dissolved in hexane at a concentration of 10 μg / μL and injected into the rubber diaphragm as the lure core. The rubber diaphragm containing hexane served as a negative control, and the trap containing three 2-day-old virgin female moths served as a positive control. The traps were suspended on branches of *Bischofia javanica*, 3 m above the ground, spaced 20 m apart. To test the effect of the optimal ratio and concentration of the two sex pheromones on the trapping effect, two experiments were set up:

[0040] Experiment 1: Each lure core contained 30 µL of total content. Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald were prepared in ratios of 30:0, 25:5, 20:10, 15:15, 5:25, and 0:30, respectively. A lure core containing 30 µL of n-hexane served as a negative control, and a trap containing three 2-day-old virgin female moths served as a positive control. The lure cores were changed daily. A total of 8 groups were conducted, with each group replicated 3 times.

[0041] Experiment 2: Lurings were prepared using Z9-16:Ald and Z9, Z12, Z15-18:Ald at a ratio of 5:1, with total pheromone doses of 60 µL, 300 µL, 480 µL, 600 µL, and 900 µL, respectively. A pheromone lure containing 480 µL of n-hexane served as a negative control, and a trap containing three 2-day-old virgin female moths served as a positive control. The bait was changed daily. A total of 7 groups were conducted, with each group repeated 3 times.

[0042] The moth-catching situation is checked daily, and the number of moths caught is recorded.

[0043] 8.3 The Influence of Trapping Color on Moth-Catching Effectiveness The *Bischofia javanica* moth, a diurnal insect, relies on vision to find its mates. To investigate the effect of trap color on the trapping of *Bischofia javanica* moths, a field trapping experiment was conducted using traps of six different colors (trap lids were red, yellow, green, blue, purple, and black, and the trap bodies were all transparent). A control group with completely transparent lids and trap bodies was also included. The total sex pheromone content of the trap lure was 0.6 mg, with a Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald mass ratio of 5:1. The traps were suspended from branches of *Bischofia javanica*, 3 m above the ground, at intervals of 20 m. The trapping activity was checked daily, and the number of moths captured was recorded.

[0044] 9. Data Analysis Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0; data from Y-tube olfactometer behavioral measurements were analyzed using the chi-square test; mating data, electrophysiological test data, and field trapping data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's HSD multiple comparison analysis.

[0045] II. Test Results 1. Mating rhythm of the Double Ninth Flower Moth Adult *Cyclocarya paliurus* moths can mate on the day of emergence. The mating rate of 1-day-old and 2-day-old moths is significantly higher than that of 4-5-day-old moths. As the age increases, the mating rate of males and females gradually decreases, and the mating rate of 5-day-old individuals drops to 15%. Figure 1(A). The *Chongyang* moth mates only between 10:00 and 18:00 during the photoperiod, with the peak courtship period for 1-day-old and 2-day-old moths occurring between 14:00 and 15:00 during the photoperiod, significantly higher than at other times. Figure 1 Based on this, pheromones were collected from the gonads of 2-day-old virgin female moths during the 9th-10th hour of the photoperiod (14:00-15:00).

[0046] 2. Identification of sex pheromones GC-EAD analysis of female gland extracts identified two compounds that stimulated males in the EAG assay, with retention times of 12.86 min (compound 1) and 12.99 min (compound 2), in a ratio of 15:85; the responses of these peaks were consistent across all replicate analyses. Figure 2 Furthermore, the EAD reaction of compound 1 was more intense than that of compound 2. By comparing the retention times and mass spectra of these two components with those of the real compounds, compound 1 was identified as Z9, Z12, Z15-18:Ald, and compound 2 as Z9-16:Ald.

[0047] 3. Indoor activity assay The male moths of the *Cyclocarya paliurus* exhibited a significant dose-response relationship to the EAG response of Z9-16:Ald and Z9, Z12, Z15-18:Ald. Figure 3 Z9-16:Ald showed the highest EAG response values ​​at 10 ng / µL and 100 ng / µL, significantly higher than other doses. Z9, Z12, and Z15-18:Ald also showed the highest EAG response values ​​at a dose of 100 ng / µL, significantly higher than other doses. In summary, Z9-16:Ald elicited a stronger EAG response than Z9, Z12, and Z15-18:Ald at all concentrations.

[0048] The Y-tube test results were similar to those of the EAG reaction, showing a significant dose-dependent effect on the attraction of both compounds to male moths. Compared to n-hexane, Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald at 10 µg / µL and 100 µg / µL respectively had a significant attraction effect on male moths. Figure 4 (A and B).

[0049] 4. Field moth trapping experiment The results of the virgin female moth bait trap experiment showed that the number of male moths trapped by virgin female moths was significantly greater than the number of male moths trapped by mated female moths. Figure 5 (A); The trapping rate when more than 5 virgin female moths were placed in the trap was significantly higher than the trapping rate when 0, 1, and 3 virgin female moths were placed. Figure 5The trapping rate of 1-day-old and 2-day-old virgin female moths was significantly higher than that of 3-, 4-, and 5-day-old virgin female moths (B); Figure 5 (C); the number of animals trapped between 14:00 and 16:00 was significantly higher than in other time periods (C). Figure 5 (D).

[0050] The results of the sex pheromone bait trap experiment showed that both single components Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald could attract males. When the mass ratio of Z9-16:Ald to Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald was 5:1, the number of male moths attracted was significantly higher than other ratios, but there was no significant difference in the number of male moths attracted by three virgin female moths. Figure 6 (A). The number of male moths captured was positively correlated with the pheromone content in the lure. Under the premise of a Z9-16:Ald and Z9,Z12,Z15-18:Ald mass ratio of 5:1, the number of male moths captured was significantly higher when the total pheromone content was between 480 µL and 900 µL than at lower doses (60 µL to 300 µL). Figure 6 (B). This indicates that adding a high dose of pheromone to the septum can prolong the trapping effect of the lure in the field.

[0051] Furthermore, there were significant differences in the number of males captured by traps of different colors. Figure 7 Among them, the purple trap captured the most insects, significantly higher than the traps of other colors; the black and red traps captured the next most insects, significantly higher than the blue and control traps; the green and yellow traps captured fewer insects than the purple trap, but were not significantly different from the other traps.

[0052] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, once they have learned the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments.

[0053] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A sex pheromone for controlling the leafminer moth (Cephalotaxus fortunei), characterized in that, The sex pheromone is composed of Z9-16:Ald and Z9, Z12, Z15-18:Ald; the mass ratio of Z9-16:Ald to Z9, Z12, Z15-18:Ald is 1~5:1~5.

2. A lure for controlling the Chinese tallow leafminer moth, characterized in that, The sex pheromone described in claim 1 is injected into the interior of a rubber diaphragm to obtain the lure core.

3. A method for preparing the lure core according to claim 2, characterized in that, Prepare Z9-16:Ald solutions and Z9, Z12, Z15-18:Ald solutions at a concentration of 9 μg / μL to 11 μg / μL using n-hexane. Mix the Z9-16:Ald solution and the Z9, Z12, Z15-18:Ald solution at a volume ratio of 1 to 5: 1 to 5 to obtain a pheromone solution. Inject the pheromone solution into the interior of a rubber diaphragm to obtain the lure core.

4. The application of the sex pheromone of claim 1 or the lure of claim 2 in trapping the Chinese tallow tree moth.

5. The application according to claim 4, characterized in that, The *Chongyang* moth is a male.

6. A trap, characterized in that, The device includes an insect collection bucket with a top cover connected to the upper part. The top cover is provided with an insect inlet and a lure basket. The lure basket has a hollow structure and contains the lure as described in claim 2.

7. The trap according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper part of the trap is connected to a rain cover.

8. The trap according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top cover of the trap is purple, and the insect collection bucket is transparent.

9. A method for trapping the Chinese tallow leaf moth (Cyclocarya palustris), characterized in that, The trap described in claim 6 is suspended on branches of the Chinese tallow tree, 2 m to 4 m above the ground, at intervals of 18 m to 22 m.

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