Application of senecio scandens plant polysaccharide extract in preparation of medicine for preventing and / or treating asthma

Abstract

The invention provides application of a senecio scandens plant polysaccharide extract in preparation of a medicine for preventing and / or treating asthma, and belongs to the technical field of biological medicine manufacturing. The senecio scandens polysaccharide extract is extracted from senecio scandens by utilizing a water extraction and alcohol precipitation method. According to the invention, a rat asthma model is taken as an experimental subject, a pharmacodynamic evaluation experiment of the senecio scandens polysaccharide extract is carried out, and a result shows that NF-kappa B phosphorylation is prevented and release of inflammation-related cytokines is inhibited by inhibiting mRNA expression of a PI3K / AKT pathway and an MAPKs signal pathway and phosphorylation activation of related proteins, so that a Th1 / Th2 equilibrium state is adjusted, and the efficacy of the senecio scandens polysaccharide extract is improved. The airway inflammatory response and airway remodeling are inhibited, and the anti-asthma effect is achieved. The invention provides the application of the senecio scandens plant polysaccharide extract in preparation of the medicine for preventing and / or asthma, and a new way is provided for clinical treatment of asthma and medicine development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of biopharmaceutical manufacturing, and particularly relates to the use of a Senecio plant polysaccharide extract in preparing a medicine for preventing and / or treating asthma. Background Art

[0002] Asthma is a heterogeneous chronic inflammatory respiratory disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness and airway remodeling. Its primary pathological features are chronic airway inflammation and mucous gland hyperplasia. While the latest guidelines for the treatment of asthma worldwide recommend glucocorticoids as first-line medications for symptom control, their effectiveness in alleviating airway inflammation and reversing airway remodeling remains controversial. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a use of a Senecio plant polysaccharide extract in the preparation of a drug for preventing and / or treating asthma, wherein the Senecio plant polysaccharide exerts an anti-asthmatic effect by adjusting the Th1 / Th2 balance, inhibiting airway inflammatory response and airway remodeling.

[0004] The present invention provides the use of a Senecio plant polysaccharide extract in preparing a medicine for preventing and / or treating asthma.

[0005] Preferably, the polysaccharide extract of the Senecio radiata plant comprises 23.07% to 54.24% neutral sugars by mass.

[0006] Preferably, the neutral sugar includes the following molar percentages of monosaccharides: mannose 4.4% to 14.2%, glucuronic acid 0.3% to 0.7%, galacturonic acid 8.2% to 21.1%, rhamnose 3.1% to 5.5%, glucose 27.0% to 34.6%, xylose 18.0% to 22.1%, arabinose 1.9% to 6.2% and fucose 13.7% to 20.1%.

[0007] Preferably, the preparation method of the Senecio radiata plant polysaccharide extract comprises the following steps:

[0008] Soak the aerial parts of the Senecio plant in water and then boil them, collecting the water extract;

[0009] The water extract is used to precipitate polysaccharides with alcohol to obtain Senecio polysaccharides.

[0010] Preferably, the water soaking time is 50 to 70 minutes; the decocting temperature is 90 to 100° C.; and the decocting time is 2.5 to 3.5 hours.

[0011] Preferably, the aqueous extract is further concentrated before being precipitated with alcohol; the volume multiple of the concentration is 8 to 15;

[0012] The alcohol includes ethanol; the volume percentage of the alcohol is 73% to 78%.

[0013] Preferably, the Senecio plant includes at least one of the following: Senecio cannabinoides, Senecio unifolia and Senecio arborescens.

[0014] Preferably, the asthma includes at least one of the following symptoms: airway hyperresponsiveness, enhanced inflammatory response, airway and lung tissue damage, and Th1 / Th2 imbalance.

[0015] Preferably, the asthma includes at least one of the following: allergic asthma, infectious asthma, exercise-induced asthma, drug-induced asthma, occupational asthma, cardiac asthma and psychogenic asthma.

[0016] Preferably, the asthma comprises ovalbumin sensitization-induced development.

[0017] The present invention provides the use of a polysaccharide extract of Senecio radiata plant in the preparation of a drug for preventing and / or treating asthma. The present invention conducts a drug efficacy evaluation experiment of a polysaccharide extract of Senecio radiata plant using an asthma rat model as an experimental subject. The results show that inflammatory cell infiltration occurs in the tracheal tissue of the asthmatic rats, and the expression of PI3K, AKT, NF-κB P65 mRNA and P-PI3K / PI3K, P-AKT / AKT, P-P65 / P65 proteins in the lung tissue are all increased, indicating that proteins related to the PI3K / AKT / NF-κB pathway are activated in the lung tissue of the asthmatic rats, causing inflammatory damage to the rat lung tissue; the polysaccharide extract of Senecio radiata plant and the positive control drug (dexamethasone) have a higher expression of PI3K, P65 in the lung tissue of the rats in the model group than those in the model group. mRNA expression was reduced, and the phosphorylation levels of PI3K, AKT, and P65 proteins were reduced. The inhibitory effect of the Senecio plant polysaccharide group showed a dose-dependent relationship, indicating that Senecio plant polysaccharides may inhibit the mRNA expression of the PI3K / AKT / NF-κB pathway and the phosphorylation activation of related proteins, thereby preventing NF-κB phosphorylation and inhibiting the release of inflammation-related cytokines, thereby adjusting the Th1 / Th2 balance, inhibiting airway inflammatory response and airway remodeling, and exerting an anti-asthma effect. It can be seen that the Senecio plant polysaccharide extract has a good effect in preventing and treating asthma, and provides a new means for the treatment of clinical asthma and the development of new drugs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is the neutral sugar standard curve;

[0019] Figure 2 is the standard curve of crude polysaccharide protein;

[0020] Figure 3 is the standard curve of uronic acid;

[0021] Figure 4 This is the analysis result of monosaccharide components of crude polysaccharide from Senecio cannabinoides;

[0022] Figure 5 This is the analysis result of monosaccharide components of crude polysaccharide of whole leaf Senecio radiata;

[0023] Figure 6 This is the analysis result of monosaccharide components of crude polysaccharide of Senecio arborescens;

[0024] Figure 7 The results of pathological changes in trachea and lung tissues of rats in each group are shown in Figure 1, where A is the result of trachea tissue; B is the result of lung tissue; the observation magnification is 200×;

[0025] Figure 8 These are the expression results of P-PI3K, PI3K, P-AKT, AKT, NF-κB P65, and NF-κBP-P65 proteins in the lung tissues of rats in each group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention provides the use of a Senecio plant polysaccharide extract in preparing a medicine for preventing and / or treating asthma.

[0027] In the present invention, the method for preparing the Senecio polysaccharide extract preferably comprises the following steps:

[0028] Soak the aerial parts of the Senecio plant in water and then boil them, collecting the water extract;

[0029] The water extract is used to precipitate polysaccharides with alcohol to obtain Senecio polysaccharides.

[0030] In the present invention, the Senecio plant preferably includes at least one of the following: Senecio canna, Senecio whole-leaf and Senecio arborea, more preferably Senecio canna. The above-ground parts of the Senecio plant preferably include fresh products and / or dried products. The moisture content of the dried products is preferably less than 5%. The processing method of the dried products preferably includes picking the above-ground parts of the Senecio plant, drying after removing impurities, crushing, and drying to obtain. The method of removing impurities is preferably washing the above-ground parts of the Senecio plant from impurities such as soil, sand and stones. The crushing is preferably shredding. The length of the above-ground parts of the Senecio plant after shredding is preferably 1 to 2 cm, so as to fully extract the polysaccharides in the raw material. The drying temperature is preferably 40 to 60°C, and can be 50 to 60°C, to ensure that the structure of the polysaccharide is not destroyed. The drying time is preferably 8 to 24 hours, and can be 12 hours, so as to effectively remove moisture.

[0031] In the present invention, the water soaking time is preferably 50 to 70 minutes, can be 55 to 65 minutes, or can be 60 minutes. The water soaking temperature is preferably 18 to 25°C, or can be 20 to 23°C. The mass ratio of the dry weight of the above-ground part of the Senecio plant to water is preferably 1:(3 to 8). It can be 1:5. The water soaking is conducive to fully dissolving the polysaccharides in the raw material in water, thereby improving the extraction efficiency.

[0032] In the present invention, the decoction temperature is preferably 90-100°C, can be 95-100°C, or can be 100°C. The decoction time is preferably 2.5-3.5 hours, or can be 3 hours. The decoction facilitates the rapid dissolution of the polysaccharide in the raw material in the hot water, allowing the polysaccharide to be fully separated from the raw material. After the decoction is completed, the solid-liquid separation is performed, and the liquid phase is collected to obtain an aqueous extract.

[0033] In the present invention, the aqueous extract is preferably concentrated before being precipitated with alcohol; the volume ratio of the concentration is preferably 8 to 15, and can be 10. The concentration method preferably includes rotary evaporation. The purpose of the concentration is to remove water, thereby increasing the precipitation of polysaccharides from the aqueous extract.

[0034] In the present invention, the alcohol preferably includes ethanol. The working concentration of the alcohol precipitation is preferably 73% to 78%, and can be 75%. The alcohol precipitation of the polysaccharide is preferably performed by allowing the mixture to stand overnight. After standing overnight, the polysaccharide forms a precipitate at the interface of the ethanol and water. The supernatant is discarded, the precipitate is collected, and the solid phase is collected by centrifugation and freeze-dried to obtain the Senecio polysaccharide extract.

[0035] In the present invention, the polysaccharide extract of the Senecio plant preferably comprises 23.07% to 54.24% neutral sugars by mass percentage, 4.9% to 10.09% uronic acid by mass percentage, and 0.66% to 0.87% protein by mass percentage. The neutral sugars, calculated as 100% by mole percentage, preferably comprise the following components: 4.4% to 14.2% mannose, 0.3% to 0.7% glucuronic acid, 8.2% to 21.1% galacturonic acid, 3.1% to 5.5% rhamnose, 27.0% to 34.6% glucose, 18.0% to 22.1% xylose, 1.9% to 6.2% arabinose, and 13.7% to 20.1% fucose.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, the polysaccharide extracts of Senecio serrata prepared by the preparation method were subjected to component testing. Through quantitative detection of neutral sugars, protein, and uronic acid, the results showed that the mass percentage of neutral sugars in the crude polysaccharide extract of Senecio serrata was 52.14% to 54.24%, the mass percentage of uronic acid was 9.71% to 10.09%, and the mass percentage of protein was 0.66% to 0.70%. The mass percentage of neutral sugars in the crude polysaccharide extract of Senecio serrata whole leaf was 23.07% to 25.21%, the mass percentage of uronic acid was 4.9% to 5.31%, and the mass percentage of protein was 0.71% to 0.87%. The mass percentage of neutral sugars in the crude polysaccharide extract of Senecio serrata shadyii was 30.72% to 32.78%, the mass percentage of uronic acid was 2.54% to 4.82%, and the mass percentage of protein was 0.73% to 0.79%. The monosaccharide composition of neutral sugars in the prepared Senecio polysaccharide extracts was also analyzed. The results showed that the monosaccharide composition and molar ratio of the crude polysaccharides from Senecio cannabinoids were: mannose 11.5%, glucuronic acid 0.6%, galacturonic acid 8.2%, rhamnose 3.1%, glucose 34.6%, xylose 22.1%, arabinose 6.2%, and fucose 13.7%. Glucose and xylose accounted for the majority of the crude polysaccharides from Senecio cannabinoids. The monosaccharide composition and molar ratio of the crude polysaccharides from Senecio whole leaves were: mannose 14.2%, glucuronic acid 0.7%, galacturonic acid 9.7%, rhamnose 3.3%, glucose 27.0%, xylose 21.6%, arabinose 3.4%, and fucose 20.1%. Glucose and xylose accounted for the majority of the crude polysaccharides from Senecio whole leaves. The monosaccharide composition and molar ratio of crude polysaccharides from Senecio lindl. are as follows: mannose 4.4%, glucuronic acid 0.3%, galacturonic acid 21.1%, rhamnose 5.5%, glucose 32%, xylose 18%, arabinose 1.9%, and fucose 16.8%. Glucose and galacturonic acid account for the majority of the crude polysaccharides from Senecio lindl.

[0037] In the present invention, the asthma preferably includes at least one of the following symptoms: airway hyperresponsiveness, enhanced inflammatory response, airway and lung tissue damage, and Th1 / Th2 imbalance. The asthma includes at least one of the following: allergic asthma, infectious asthma, exercise-induced asthma, drug-induced asthma, occupational asthma, cardiac asthma, and psychogenic asthma. The asthma includes asthma induced by ovalbumin sensitization. In an embodiment of the present invention, an asthma model induced by ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization in rats was used as the experimental subject. The ovalbumin sensitization method is preferably intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin sensitization solution on days 1 and 8, and continuous nebulization and inhalation of the ovalbumin solution daily from days 9 to 22. The injection volume of the ovalbumin sensitization solution is 1 mL per rat. The ovalbumin sensitization solution is an aqueous solution containing 10% ovalbumin and 10% aluminum hydroxide by weight. The ovalbumin solution is preferably an aqueous solution containing 1% ovalbumin by weight. The ovalbumin solution is nebulized for 30 minutes per time, with nebulization performed once a day. The atomization flow rate of the ovalbumin solution is preferably 2 mL·min -1 .

[0038] In the present invention, the dosage form of the drug preferably includes at least one of the following: tablets, powders, granules, and capsules. The drug preferably also includes pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. The pharmaceutically acceptable excipients preferably include at least one of the following: fillers, binders, solubilizers, disintegrants, and the like. The fillers preferably include lactose, microcrystalline cellulose, starch, dextrin, fructose, sucrose, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, and maltitol. The binders preferably include polyvinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium), hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, gelatin, gum arabic, guar gum, xanthan gum, dextrin, and starch. The solubilizers preferably include sodium lauryl sulfate, poloxamer, β-cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin, hydroxyethyl β-cyclodextrin, α-cyclodextrin, polysorbate, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and the like. The disintegrants preferably include cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl starch, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, and microcrystalline cellulose. The present invention has no particular limitation on the preparation method of the drug, and any method known in the art can be used. The mass percentage of the Senecio polysaccharide extract in the drug is preferably 50% to 90%, and can be 60% to 80%.

[0039] In the present invention, the drug preferably has the following pharmacodynamics: inhibiting airway hyperresponsiveness, reducing inflammatory response, repairing tracheal and lung tissue damage, and regulating Th1 / Th2 balance. The drug can significantly downregulate the expression levels of PI3K, AKT, and NF-κB P65 mRNA, while significantly reducing the expression levels of P-PI3K / PI3K, P-AKT / AKT, NF-κB P-P65 / NF-κB P65 in patients. This indicates that the Senecio polysaccharide extract inhibits the expression of mRNA and phosphorylation of related proteins in the PI3K / AKT pathway and MAPKs signaling pathway, thereby preventing NF-κB phosphorylation and inhibiting the release of inflammatory-related cytokines, thereby adjusting the Th1 / Th2 balance, inhibiting airway inflammatory response and airway remodeling, and exerting an anti-asthma effect.

[0040] The following describes in detail the use of a polysaccharide extract from a Senecio plant provided by the present invention in preparing a drug for preventing and / or treating asthma in conjunction with the examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Extraction method of Senecio polysaccharide extract

[0043] The polysaccharide extract of Senecio radiata was extracted by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. The specific method is as follows:

[0044] (1) Sample preparation: Take an appropriate amount of Senecio serrata (including Senecio canna, Senecio unifolia, and Senecio arborescens), clean it from dirt, sand, and other impurities contaminated during growth, picking, and transportation, cut it into small pieces of 1 to 2 cm after cleaning, dry it, and weigh 400 g of Senecio serrata.

[0045] (2) Water Extraction: After drying, the three types of Resurrection Herbs were added to an appropriate amount of purified water and soaked for 1 hour. The soaked herbs were heated to boiling and continued to boil for 3 hours. After boiling, the residue was filtered to obtain the aqueous extract, which was then concentrated to 200 ml to obtain a concentrated solution.

[0046] (3) Alcohol precipitation: Add an appropriate amount of 95% ethanol to the concentrate, turn on the magnetic stirrer and adjust it to an appropriate speed, then slowly add ethanol to the beaker. Use an alcohol meter to adjust the ethanol concentration in sequence until the ethanol concentration reaches 75%, then stop adding ethanol, then cover the container mouth with plastic wrap and place it in a cool place to stand overnight. The polysaccharide will form a precipitate at the ethanol-water interface. After the precipitation is complete, pour out the supernatant and retain the precipitate. Transfer the precipitate to a centrifuge and centrifuge at 3000r / min for 5 minutes. Discard the supernatant and take the precipitate, recover the ethanol with a rotary evaporator, and freeze-dry to obtain the crude polysaccharide extract of Senecio hemp leaf, the crude polysaccharide extract of Senecio whole leaf, and the crude polysaccharide extract of Senecio arborescens.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] Example 1 Detection of the physical and chemical properties of crude polysaccharides of Senecio cannabinoides, Senecio whole-leaf, and Senecio arborescens

[0049] 1. Detection method

[0050] 1.1 Neutral sugar content detection (phenol-sulfuric acid method)

[0051] The detection of neutral sugar content is of great significance in polysaccharide research, product development, quality control and other aspects. As one of the key components of polysaccharides, the content and structural characteristics of neutral sugars are crucial for a deep understanding of the biological activity of polysaccharides. It provides a solid theoretical basis for the widespread application of polysaccharides in the fields of medicine, health care, etc., and shows great potential. In addition, the detection of neutral sugar content is also helpful in evaluating the purity of polysaccharides, and then intuitively evaluating the effect of polysaccharide extraction, laying the foundation for the optimization of polysaccharide extraction process. Therefore, the detection of neutral sugar content in polysaccharides plays an irreplaceable role. This embodiment uses the phenol-sulfuric acid method to detect the neutral sugar content of Senecio hemp-leaf, Senecio whole-leaf, and Senecio arborescens. The neutral sugar content was detected by the phenol-sulfuric acid method, and the standard curve was y=0.0124x+0.03(R 2 =0.9927), and then calculate the neutral sugar content in the samples of Senecio canna, Senecio whole leaf, and Senecio arborescens according to the standard curve. Figure 1 .

[0052] 1.2 Protein content detection (BCA method)

[0053] During the extraction of polysaccharides, protein often appears as a common impurity. In order to ensure the quality and stability of polysaccharide products, it is crucial to detect the protein content. By accurately detecting the protein content, the purity of the polysaccharide extract can be evaluated, and then it can be determined whether it meets the quality standards. In addition, in the research and development and production process of polysaccharide drugs, the detection of protein content is an indispensable link, which fully guarantees the safety and effectiveness of the drugs. By strictly controlling the protein content and ensuring that it is within the appropriate range, unnecessary side effects on the body caused by excessively high or low protein content can be prevented, thereby reducing potential risks. Therefore, it is of great significance to detect protein content in the extraction of polysaccharides. In this example, the BCA method was used to detect the protein content in the crude polysaccharide of Senecio hemp leaf, and the standard curve obtained was y=0.9023x+0.0027(R 2 =0.9967), and then calculate the protein content in crude polysaccharide samples of Senecio canna, Senecio whole leaf and Senecio arborescens according to the standard curve. Figure 2 .

[0054] 1.3 Detection of uronic acid content (m-hydroxybiphenyl method)

[0055] As a core component of biological macromolecules such as polysaccharides, glycoproteins and glycolipids, the precise determination and analysis of uronic acid content plays a key role in the in-depth exploration of the complex mechanism of carbohydrate metabolism in organisms. This process provides new research perspectives and methods in promoting cutting-edge medical fields such as new drug development and gene therapy, and provides an important basis for quality control in drug development. In addition, uronic acid content is also used as one of the important parameters for evaluating product safety. Accurate detection of its content can effectively ensure the quality and stability of the drug, thereby ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the drug. Therefore, the detection of uronic acid content has important scientific value and practical significance in the field of drug research and biomedicine. In this example, the m-hydroxybiphenyl method was used to determine the content of uronic acid in the crude polysaccharide of Senecio hemp. By this method, a standard curve y=0.014x-0.001(R 2 =0.9995), and then calculate the content of uronic acid in crude polysaccharide samples of Senecio canna, Senecio whole leaf, and Senecio arborescens according to the standard curve. Figure 3 .

[0056] 1.4 Monosaccharide composition study (PMP derivatization method for sugar composition analysis)

[0057] 1.4.1 Chromatographic conditions

[0058] Chromatographic column: Huapu Unitary-C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm); mobile phase A: KH2PO4 at pH 6.8 ~ NaOH-acetonitrile (85:15, V / V); mobile phase B: KH2PO4 at pH 6.8 ~ NaOH-acetonitrile (60:40, V / V); flow rate: 0.8 mL / min; detection wavelength: 250 nm; column temperature: 40 °C; injection volume: 10 μL.

[0059] 1.4.2 Preparation of reference solution

[0060] Take 2 mg each of glucose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, D-galactose, mannose, xylose, arabinose, rhamnose, and fucose and dissolve them in 2 mL of ultrapure water to prepare a 1 mg / mL monosaccharide standard solution. Take 100 μL of each monosaccharide standard solution, mix them, add 1.2 mL of 0.5 mol / L PMP methanol solution and 1.0 mL of 0.3 mol / L NaOH solution, and vortex for 5 minutes to mix. Heat in a water bath at 70°C for 30 minutes, take out, cool to room temperature, add hydrochloric acid to neutralize to neutral pH, add an equal volume of chloroform for extraction, repeat the extraction 3 times, aspirate the aqueous phase derivative, filter through a 0.45 μm microporous membrane to obtain the PMP derivative solution of each reference substance, which is used as the reference substance solution.

[0061] 1.4.3 Preparation of test solution

[0062] Accurately weigh 5 mg of crude polysaccharide sample of Senecio cannabinoides, add 2 mol / L trifluoroacetic acid and hydrolyze at 100 ° C for 8 h, add methanol three times, evaporate to dryness, add 1.2 mL of 0.5 mol / L PMP methanol solution and 1.0 mL of 0.3 mol / L NaOH solution, and vortex oscillate for 5 min to mix, heat in a water bath at 70 ° C for 30 min, take out, cool to room temperature, add hydrochloric acid to neutralize to pH neutral, add an equal volume of chloroform for extraction, repeat the extraction three times, absorb the aqueous phase derivative, filter through a 0.45 μm microporous filter membrane, and obtain the PMP derivative solution of the test sample as the test sample solution.

[0063] 1.4.4 Analysis of Monosaccharide Components

[0064] Take 10 μL of the reference solution and test solution respectively, inject and measure according to the chromatographic conditions under "1.4.1", record the retention time of the chromatographic peak, and analyze the monosaccharide components of the crude polysaccharide of Senecio cannabinoides.

[0065] 2. Test results of the physical and chemical properties of crude polysaccharides from Senecio canna, Senecio whole-leaf, and Senecio arborescens

[0066] The mass of the crude polysaccharide extract of Senecio cannabinoides was 32.86 g, with a yield of 8.22%, containing 53.19% neutral sugar, 9.90% uronic acid and 0.68% protein.

[0067] The mass of the crude polysaccharide extract of whole-leaf Senecio truncatum was 33.56 g, with a yield of 8.39%, containing 24.14% neutral sugar, 5.11% uronic acid and 0.79% protein.

[0068] The mass of crude polysaccharide extract of Senecio arborescens was 34.38 g, with a yield of 8.60%, containing 31.75% neutral sugar, 3.68% uronic acid and 0.76% protein.

[0069] The results showed that the neutral sugar and uronic acid contents of the crude polysaccharide extract from Senecio canna were higher than those from Senecio whole-leaf and Senecio arborescens; however, the protein content in Senecio canna was lower than that in Senecio whole-leaf and Senecio arborescens. Furthermore, the neutral sugar content in the crude polysaccharide extract from Senecio whole-leaf was lower than that in Senecio arborescens, but the uronic acid content was higher than that in Senecio arborescens. The specific test results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0070] Table 1 Test results of physicochemical properties of crude polysaccharides from Senecio canna, Senecio whole leaf and Senecio arborescens ( n=3)

[0071] Different Senecio crude polysaccharides Neutral sugar content (%) Uronic acid content (%) Protein content (%) Senecio cannabinoides crude polysaccharide extract 53.19±1.05 9.90±0.19 0.68±0.02 Whole leaf Senecio crude polysaccharide extract 24.14±1.07 5.11±0.21 0.79±0.08 Senecio lindl. crude polysaccharide extract 31.75±1.03 3.68±1.14 0.76±0.03

[0072] 3. Monosaccharide analysis results of Senecio cannabinoides, Senecio whole-leaf, and Senecio arborescens

[0073] From Tables 2 to 4 and Figures 4-6 It can be seen that the monosaccharide composition and molar proportion of the crude polysaccharide extract of Senecio hemp leaf are as follows: mannose 11.5%, glucuronic acid 0.6%, galacturonic acid 8.2%, rhamnose 3.1%, glucose 34.6%, xylose 22.1%, arabinose 6.2%, fucose 13.7%. It can be seen that glucose (34.6%) and xylose (22.1%) account for a higher proportion in the crude polysaccharide of Senecio hemp leaf, followed by fucose (13.7%) and mannose (11.5%); the monosaccharide composition and molar proportion of the crude polysaccharide of Senecio whole leaf are as follows: mannose 14.2%, glucuronic acid 0.7%, galacturonic acid 9.7%, rhamnose 3.3%, glucose 27.0%, xylose 2 1.6%, arabinose 3.4%, fucose 20.1%. It can be seen that glucose (27%) and xylose (21.6%) account for a high proportion in the crude polysaccharide of whole-leaf Senecio truncatum, followed by mannose (14.2%) and fucose (20.1%); the monosaccharide composition and molar proportion in the crude polysaccharide of Senecio truncatum are as follows: mannose 4.4%, glucuronic acid 0.3%, galacturonic acid 21.1%, rhamnose 5.5%, glucose 32%, xylose 18%, arabinose 1.9%, fucose 16.8%. It can be seen that glucose (32%) and galacturonic acid (21.1%) account for a high proportion in the crude polysaccharide of Senecio truncatum, followed by fucose (16.8%) and xylose (18%).

[0074] Table 2 Monosaccharide composition ratio of Senecio canna

[0075] monosaccharides Peak area Molecular weight (g / mol) Mole number (peak area / molecular weight) Molar ratio (%) Mannose 196354 180.16 1089.8 11.5 Glucuronic acid 10897 194.14 56.1 0.6 Galacturonic acid 150532 194.14 775.4 8.2 Rhamnose 48511 164.16 295.5 3.1 glucose 590410 180.16 3277.2 34.6 Xylose 313960 150.13 2091.1 22.1 arabinose 88588 150.13 590.1 6.2 Fucose 212854 164.16 1296.8 13.7

[0076] Table 3 Monosaccharide composition ratio of whole leaf Senecio truncatula

[0077] monosaccharides Peak area Molecular weight (g / mol) Mole number (peak area / molecular weight) Molar ratio (%) Mannose 66943 180.16 371.6 14.2 Glucuronic acid 3774 194.14 19.4 0.7 Galacturonic acid 49104 194.14 252.9 9.7 Rhamnose 13595 164.16 82.8 3.3 glucose 126841 180.16 704.1 27 Xylose 84695 150.13 564.1 21.6 arabinose 13514 150.13 90.0 3.4 Fucose 86105 164.16 524.6 20.1

[0078] Table 4 Monosaccharide composition ratio of Senecio arborescens

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] Example 3

[0082] Application of the polysaccharide extract of Senecio cannabinoides prepared in Example 1 in an asthma disease model

[0083] 1. Materials

[0084] 1.1 Animals

[0085] Sixty healthy, 6-week-old, SPF-grade male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 180–200 g, were purchased from Liaoning Changsheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (production license number SCXK(Liao)2020-0001). This experiment was approved and conducted under the supervision of the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine (ethics number: 2022673). Mice were housed in a specific pathogen-free environment at 23 ± 2°C and 55 ± 10% humidity throughout the experiment, with a 12-h light / dark cycle, and were allowed ample access to drinking water and a standard chow diet.

[0086] 2 Methods

[0087] 2.1 Animal grouping, modeling, and drug administration

[0088] Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group, a model group, a dexamethasone group, and a high-, medium-, and low-dose group of Senecio cannabinoides polysaccharide extract. Except for the blank group, rats in each group were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of 1 mL of 10% OVA sensitization solution (a mixture of 100 mg OVA and 100 mg aluminum hydroxide) on the first day of the experiment. They were sensitized again on the eighth day of the experiment. From the ninth day onwards, the rats were nebulized with 1% OVA solution (w / v) for 30 min (at a flow rate of 2 mL min) every day. -1 ) were challenged for 14 consecutive days. Rats in the normal group were sensitized and challenged with normal saline. Rats in each group were gavaged 30 minutes before each atomization. The dexamethasone group was gavaged with dexamethasone acetate, with an initial dose of 1.08 mg·kg -1 After 3 days of administration, the dose was reduced to a maintenance dose of 0.09 mg·kg -1 The high, medium and low dose groups of Senecio canna polysaccharide were 400, 200 and 100 mg·kg -1 The mice were given doses of 10 mg / kg of Herba Rehmanniae (Herba Rehmanniae) in different doses, namely the high-dose Herba Rehmanniae (Herba Rehmanniae) group, the medium-dose Herba Rehmanniae (Herba Rehmanniae) group, and the low-dose Herba Rehmanniae (Herba Rehmanniae) group. The blank group and the model group were gavaged with equal volume of distilled water. The mice were fasted but not watered for 12 h after the last dose, and samples were collected under sodium pentobarbital anesthesia.

[0089] 2.3 Changes in body mass

[0090] During the experiment, starting from the first sensitization, the rats were weighed every 7 days to observe the changes in body weight of the rats in each group.

[0091] 2.4 Airway hyperresponsiveness detection

[0092] Airway responsiveness of rats was tested 12 h after the last nebulization. After anesthesia, a central bronchial incision was made and a Y-shaped cannula was connected to a pulmonary function tester. Methacholine (Mch) was administered at 0 and 3.125 g·L -1 、6.250g·L -1 , 12.500g·L -1 , 25.00g·L-1 , 50.00g·L -1 The concentration gradient was nebulized, the maximum airway resistance (Max Rrs) at each concentration was detected, and the changes in airway resistance in rats were observed.

[0093] 2.5BALF inflammatory cell count and classification

[0094] After anesthesia, rats were intubated and the right main bronchus was ligated. The left lung was repeatedly lavaged three times with normal saline. The lavage fluid was collected and centrifuged at 4°C, 3000 rpm for 10 min to collect the lower precipitate. After resuspending with normal saline, a small amount of the suspension was aspirated for total cell count. Diff-Ouik stained smears were used and observed under a microscope to classify and count inflammatory cells.

[0095] 2.6 Serum inflammatory factor levels

[0096] Blood was collected from the abdominal aorta and centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 min at 4°C. The supernatant was collected, quick-frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80°C. The levels of IL-4, IFN-γ, IgE, CRP, IL-2, and TNF-α in rat serum were detected strictly according to the instructions of the ELISA kit, and the IL-4 / IFN-γ ratio was calculated.

[0097] 2.7 HE staining of tracheal tissue

[0098] The rat chest cavity was opened, the trachea was exposed and completely removed, and the blood was removed by immersion in normal saline. The trachea was fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde at room temperature for 48 hours, dehydrated, waxed, embedded, sectioned, dewaxed, and stained with HE. The tracheal structure and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed under a microscope.

[0099] 2.8 Detection of Th1 and Th2 cell content

[0100] Rat spleen was placed on a 200-mesh sieve and ground into a single-cell suspension. 2 ml of red blood cell lysis buffer was added to resuspend the suspension and lymphocytes were separated. The suspension was adjusted to 1 × 10 7 / ml lymphocyte suspension, add cell stimulator (containing PMA, BFA, ionomycin) and incubate in cell culture incubator for 4h, APC-CD4 + After staining, add membrane permeabilization solution, add FITC-IL-4 and PE-IFN-γ for staining after cell membrane permeabilization, mix well and resuspend the cells in PBS, and detect on the instrument. + IFN-γT cells represent Th1 cells, CD4 + IL-4 T cells represent Th2 cells.

[0101] 2.9 Determination of PI3K, AKT, and NF-κB P65 mRNA expression levels in lung tissues of rats in each group

[0102] Total RNA was extracted from rat lung tissue using Trizol reagent, genomic DNA was removed using a reverse transcription kit, and cDNA was synthesized by reverse transcription. PCR kit was used for amplification on a fluorescent quantitative PCR instrument. β-actin was used as the internal reference gene, and the primer sequences are shown in Table 5. PCR amplification conditions were as follows: 95°C for 4 minutes, followed by 40 cycles of 95°C for 10 seconds, 60°C for 27 seconds, and 71°C for 19 seconds. 2 -ΔΔct Methods The expression levels of PI3K, Akt, and NF-κB P65 mRNA were calculated and the results were normalized with β-actin gene.

[0103] Table 5 Primer sequences

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] 2.10 Detection of p-PI3K, PI3K, p-AKT, AKT, NF-κB P65, and NF-κB p-P65 protein expressions in lung tissues of rats in each group

[0107] Lung tissue was lysed, and the total protein content was determined by the BCA method. SDS-PAGE gel was prepared, sample was loaded, electrophoresis was performed, and the membrane was transferred. The gel was blocked with 5% skim milk powder for 2 h, and the primary antibodies (P-PI3K, PI3K, P-AKT, AKT, NF-κB P65, NF-κB P-P65, β-actin) were incubated overnight at 4°C. The secondary antibodies were incubated at room temperature for 2 h. The ECL luminescence kit was used for incubation. The protein bands were exposed using a gel imaging system, and the grayscale values ​​of the bands were analyzed by Image J.

[0108] 2.11 Statistical Analysis

[0109] The experimental data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 22.0. The experimental data were expressed as (g, x ± s) and graphed using GraPhPad Prism 8.0. The experimental indicators of each group were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) with random design. P < 0.05 indicated that the difference was statistically significant.

[0110] 3 Results

[0111] 3.1 Changes in body weight of rats in each group

[0112] During the experiment, the body weight of rats in each group increased to varying degrees, with the blank group showing the greatest increase, the model group showing the least, and the dexamethasone group and the various doses of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract groups falling in between. On the 8th day of the experiment (the second sensitization), the body weight of rats in the model group decreased compared with the blank group, with no significant difference; compared with the model group, the body weight of rats in the dexamethasone group and the various doses of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract groups rebounded, with no significant difference. On the 15th and 22nd days of the experiment, the body weight of rats in the model group decreased significantly compared with the blank group (P<0.05); compared with the model group, the body weight of rats in the dexamethasone group and the high-dose group of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract increased significantly (P<0.01), while the body weight of rats in the medium- and low-dose groups of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract increased, with no significant difference (see Table 6).

[0113] Table 6 Changes in body weight of rats in each group (g, x±s, n=10)

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] Note: Compared with the blank group, # P<0.05, ## P<0.01; compared with the model group, * P<0.05, ** P<0.01, same as below.

[0117] 3.2 Airway hyperresponsiveness test in rats of each group

[0118] Compared with the blank group, the maximum airway resistance of the rats in the model group was significantly increased at each MCh concentration (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the maximum airway resistance of the rats in the dexamethasone group was significantly increased at MCh concentrations of 0 and 3.125 g·L -1 , 12.5g·L -1 , 25g·L -1 , 50g·L -1 The maximum airway resistance was significantly reduced (P<0.01); after intervention with the polysaccharide extract of Senecio cannabinoides, the maximum airway resistance of rats in each group showed a decreasing trend at different concentrations of Mch, and showed an obvious dose-effect relationship (see Table 7).

[0119] Table 7 Airway hyperresponsiveness Max Rrs ( n=10)

[0120]

[0121] 3.3 Total number of BALF cells and inflammatory cell classification counts in rats in each group

[0122] Compared with the blank group, the total cell count, white blood cell count, neutrophil count and eosinophil count in BALF of the rats in the model group were significantly increased (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the total cell count, white blood cell count, neutrophil count and eosinophil count in the rats in the dexamethasone group were significantly decreased (P<0.01); the total cell count, white blood cell count and neutrophil count in the rats in the high-dose group of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract were significantly decreased, and the eosinophil count was significantly decreased (P<0.01, P<0.05); the total cell count and white blood cell count in the rats in the medium-dose group of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract were significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the neutrophil count and eosinophil count were decreased, with no significant difference; the total cell count, white blood cell count, neutrophil count and eosinophil count in the rats in the low-dose group of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract were decreased, with no significant difference. Compared with the blank group, the basophil count in the model group was slightly higher, and that in the treatment group showed a downward trend, but there was no significant difference (see Table 8).

[0123] Table 8 Comparison of total cell counts and differential cell counts in BALF of rats in each group (×10 5 / ml, n=10)

[0124]

[0125] 3.4 Levels of inflammatory factors in rats in each group

[0126] Compared with the blank group, the serum IL-4, IFN-γ, CRP, IL-2, and TNF-α contents of the rats in the model group were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the IgE content and IL-4 / IFN-γ ratio were increased, but there were no significant differences; compared with the model group, the serum IL-4, IFN-γ, CRP, IL-2, and TNF-α contents of the rats in the dexamethasone group were significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the IgE content and IL-4 / IFN-γ ratio were decreased, but there were no significant differences; the IL-4, IFN-γ, CRP, and IL-2 contents of the rats in the high-dose Senecio cannabinoids polysaccharide extract group were significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the IgE content and IL-4 / IFN-γ ratio were decreased. The serum IL-4 and CRP levels of rats in the medium-dose group of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α, IgE levels, and IL-4 / IFN-γ ratio were decreased, but there were no significant differences; the serum CRP level of rats in the low-dose group of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract was significantly decreased (P<0.01), and the IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α, IgE levels, and IL-4 / IFN-γ ratio were decreased, but there were no significant differences (see Table 9).

[0127] Table 9 Serum inflammatory factor levels of rats in each group ( n=10)

[0128]

[0129] 3.5 Observation of HE staining results of trachea and lung tissues of rats in each group

[0130] The lung tissue of rats in the normal group had intact cell structure, clear boundaries, orderly arrangement, no inflammatory cell infiltration, intact tracheal mucosal structure, no obvious thickening of the mucosal wall, and orderly arrangement of epithelial cells. The lung tissue of rats in the model group had scattered cell arrangement, a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated (black arrows), thickened alveolar walls, enlarged alveolar structure intervals (yellow arrows), significantly thickened tracheal mucosal walls (red arrows), inflammatory cell infiltration (black arrows), extensive necrosis and shedding of epithelial cells (blue arrows), pyknosis, deep staining and fragmentation of nuclei, and many necrotic cell fragments in the lumen, accompanied by eosinophilic mucus infiltration (green arrows). The connective tissue of the lamina propria was loosely arranged and disordered, the glands were dilated and irregular in shape, and the inflammatory cells were highly infiltrated. The lung tissue of the dexamethasone group and the various doses of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract groups had relatively intact cell structure, clear boundaries, slight shedding of the bronchial mucosal epithelium, reduced inflammation of the connective tissue of the lamina propria of the tracheal mucosa, a small number of dilated glands, and different degrees of improvement of inflammatory cell infiltration (see Figure 7 ).

[0131] 3.6 Contents of Th1 and Th2 cells in the spleen of rats in each group

[0132] Compared with the blank group, the Th1 level in the model group was significantly decreased, while the Th2 level was significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the Th1 level in the spleen of rats in the dexamethasone group and the high- and medium-dose groups of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract was significantly increased, while the Th2 level was significantly decreased (P<0.01). The Th1 level in the spleen of rats in the low-dose group of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract was increased, while the Th2 level was decreased, but there was no significant difference. The effect of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract on the Th1 and Th2 levels in the spleen of asthmatic rats was dose-dependent. See Table 10.

[0133] Table 10 The content of Th1 and Th2 cells in the spleen of rats in each group ( n=10)

[0134] Group Th1 (%) Th2 (%) Blank group 3.96±0.57 1.40±0.55 Model Group <![CDATA[0.99±0.17 ## ]]> <![CDATA[4.96±0.53 ## ]]> Dexamethasone group <![CDATA[3.12±0.54 ** ]]> <![CDATA[2.10±0.54 ** ]]> High-dose group of Senecio cannabinoides polysaccharide extract <![CDATA[2.94±0.41 ** ]]> <![CDATA[2.80±0.23 ** ]]> Middle dose group of polysaccharide extract from Senecio canna <![CDATA[1.94±0.45 ** ]]> <![CDATA[3.40±0.53 ** ]]> Low-dose group of polysaccharide extract from Senecio canna 1.52±0.50 4.52±0.77

[0135] Note: ## Indicates P < 0.01 compared with the blank group; ** Indicates P < 0.01 compared with the model group.

[0136] 3.7 Expression of PI3K, AKT, and NF-κB P65 mRNA in lung tissues of rats in each group

[0137] Compared with the blank group, the expressions of PI3K, AKT, and NF-κB P65 mRNA in the lung tissue of the rats in the model group were significantly increased (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the expressions of PI3K, AKT, and NF-κB P65 mRNA in the lung tissue of the rats in the dexamethasone group were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01); compared with the model group, the expressions of PI3K, AKT, and NF-κB P65 mRNA in the lung tissue of the rats in the high-dose group of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01); compared with the model group, the expressions of PI3K and AKT in the lung tissue of the rats in the medium-dose group of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the expressions of NF-κB P65 mRNA were decreased, but the differences were not significant; compared with the low-dose group of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract, the expressions of PI3K and AKT in the lung tissue of the rats in the The expression of P65mRNA was decreased, but the difference was not significant (see Table 11).

[0138] Table 11 PI3K, AKT, and NF-κB P65 mRNA levels in lung tissues of rats in each group (x±s, n=3)

[0139] Group PI3K AKT NF-κBP65 Blank group 1.02±0.07 1.05±0.14 1.16±0.12 Model Group <![CDATA[3.17±0.27 ## ]]> <![CDATA[2.75±0.34 ## ]]> <![CDATA[3.16±0.55 ## ]]> Dexamethasone group <![CDATA[1.28±0.35 ** ]]> <![CDATA[1.11±0.17 ** ]]> <![CDATA[1.69±0.31 ** ]]> High-dose group of Senecio cannabinoides polysaccharide extract <![CDATA[2.32±0.54 ** ]]> <![CDATA[1.29±0.25 ** ]]> <![CDATA[2.82±0.33 * ]]> Middle dose group of polysaccharide extract from Senecio canna <![CDATA[2.53±0.46 * ]]> <![CDATA[1.68±0.37 ** ]]> 2.88±0.36 Low-dose group of polysaccharide extract from Senecio canna <![CDATA[2.71±0.46 * ]]> <![CDATA[1.83±0.29 * ]]> 3.15±0.51

[0140] 3.8 Expression of P-PI3K, PI3K, P-AKT, AKT, NF-κB P65, and NF-κB P-P65 proteins in lung tissues of rats in each group

[0141] Compared with the blank group, the P-PI3K / PI3K, P-AKT / AKT, and P-P65 / P65 in the lung tissues of the rats in the model group were significantly increased (P<0.01); compared with the model group, the P-PI3K / PI3K, P-AKT / AKT, and NF-κB P-P65 / NF-κB P65 in the lung tissues of the rats in the dexamethasone group were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01); compared with the model group, the P-PI3K / PI3K, P-AKT / AKT, and NF-κBP-P65 / NF-κB P65 in the high-dose group of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01); compared with the model group, the P-PI3K / PI3K, P-AKT / AKT, and NF-κB P65 in the medium-dose group of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), P-P65 / NF-κB P65 decreased, but the difference was not significant; P-PI3K / PI3K and P-AKT / AKT in the low-dose group of Senecio canna polysaccharide extract were significantly decreased compared with the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01), and NF-κB P-P65 / NF-κB P65 were decreased, but the difference was not significant (see Figure 8 ).

[0142] From the results of the above examples, it can be seen that inflammatory cell infiltration occurs in the tracheal tissue of asthmatic rats, and the expression of PI3K, AKT, NF-κB P65 mRNA and P-PI3K / PI3K, P-AKT / AKT, P-P65 / P65 proteins in the lung tissue are all increased, indicating that PI3K / AKT / NF-κB pathway-related proteins are activated in the lung tissue of asthmatic rats, causing inflammatory damage to the rat lung tissue. Compared with the model group, the expression of PI3K and P65 mRNA in the lung tissue of rats in the dexamethasone and Senecio canna polysaccharide extract groups was reduced, and the phosphorylation degree of PI3K, AKT, and P65 proteins was reduced. The inhibitory effect of the Senecio canna polysaccharide extract group showed a dose-dependent relationship, indicating that Senecio canna polysaccharide extract may inhibit the PI3K / AKT / NF-κB pathway and alleviate the inflammatory response of the lung tissue of asthmatic rats.

[0143] In summary, the polysaccharide extract of Senecio cannabinoides inhibits the expression of mRNA in the PI3K / AKT pathway and the MAPKs signaling pathway and the phosphorylation activation of related proteins, thereby preventing NF-κB phosphorylation and inhibiting the release of inflammation-related cytokines, thereby adjusting the Th1 / Th2 balance, inhibiting airway inflammatory response and airway remodeling, and exerting an anti-asthmatic effect. The polysaccharide extract of the present invention treats bronchial asthma by regulating the levels of inflammatory factors and the expression of their related protein pathways.

[0144] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Use of a polysaccharide extract from Senecio chinensis plant in the preparation of a medicament for preventing and / or treating asthma.

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that The Senecio radiata plant polysaccharide extract comprises 23.07% to 54.24% of neutral sugar in terms of mass percentage.

3. The application according to claim 2, characterized in that: The neutral sugar includes the following monosaccharides in molar percentage: 4.4% to 14.2% mannose, 0.3% to 0.7% glucuronic acid, 8.2% to 21.1% galacturonic acid, 3.1% to 5.5% rhamnose, 27.0% to 34.6% glucose, 18.0% to 22.1% xylose, 1.9% to 6.2% arabinose and 13.7% to 20.1% fucose.

4. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the Senecio radiata plant polysaccharide extract comprises the following steps: Soak the aerial parts of the Senecio plant in water and then boil them, collecting the water extract; The water extract is used to precipitate polysaccharides with alcohol to obtain Senecio polysaccharides.

5. The application according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water soaking time is 50 to 70 minutes; the decocting temperature is 90 to 100° C.; and the decocting time is 2.5 to 3.5 hours.

6. The application according to claim 4, characterized in that: Before the aqueous extract is precipitated with alcohol, the process further comprises concentrating the aqueous extract; the volume multiple of the concentration is 8 to 15; The alcohol includes ethanol; the volume percentage of the alcohol is 73% to 78%.

7. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that The Senecio plant includes at least one of the following: Senecio cannabinoides, Senecio unifolia and Senecio arborescens.

8. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that: The asthma includes at least one of the following symptoms: airway hyperresponsiveness, enhanced inflammatory response, airway and lung tissue damage, and Th1 / Th2 imbalance.

9. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The asthma includes at least one of the following: allergic asthma, infectious asthma, exercise-induced asthma, drug-induced asthma, occupational asthma, cardiac asthma and psychogenic asthma.

10. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The asthma is induced by ovalbumin sensitization.

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