Application of macleaya cordata extract as plant source algaecide in cyanobacterial bloom treatment

Abstract

The invention provides application of a macleaya cordata extract as a plant source algaecide in cyanobacterial bloom treatment, and relates to the technical field of plant source algaecide product development and environmental protection. The total alkali content of the macleaya cordata extract is 50-80%, and the main effective components of the macleaya cordata extract comprise 40-60% of sanguinarine and 10-20% of chelerythrine. The blue-green algae comprise microcystis aeruginosa, anabaena, nematonema, synechocystis, oscillatoria and nostoc. As a plant source in China, the macleaya cordata has great development and utilization values, has the advantages of wide antibacterial spectrum, no drug resistance, no residue, good safety, wide distribution and the like, and has great development prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of plant-derived product development and environmental protection technology, and in particular to the application of Macleaya cordata extract as a plant-derived algaecide in the treatment of cyanobacteria blooms. Background Art

[0002] Cyanobacterial blooms are a type of water pollution caused by the dominant growth and accumulation of cyanobacteria following eutrophication. These blooms can reduce the stability and diversity of other aquatic organisms in the water, severely damaging the ecological environment and causing significant economic losses to agriculture, fisheries, and tourism. Algal blooms can also cause toxic algae to multiply in lakes, rivers, and drinking water sources, producing metabolic toxins (such as microcystins), which can seriously endanger human health and pose a serious public safety risk.

[0003] In the process of controlling cyanobacteria blooms, physical, chemical and biological methods are currently commonly used:

[0004] Physical methods mainly include water exchange, manual salvage, ultraviolet radiation, microwave treatment, etc. Although physical methods do not introduce pollutants, they have the disadvantages of high cost, time and labor consuming, and poor effect on large water surface water treatment.

[0005] Biological methods are considered safe for algae control because they do not cause ecological damage. Current methods primarily involve the artificial cultivation of well-adapted higher-level submerged plants or the release of aquatic animals (silver carp, bighead carp, and large daphnia) that pose no threat to ecological safety. However, biological methods have the drawback of being slow to take effect, rendering them ineffective during blue-green algae outbreaks.

[0006] Chemical algaecides are a common emergency response method used in the early stages of cyanobacterial blooms. They are economical, efficient, convenient, and fast-acting. Examples include heavy metal compound algaecides such as copper sulfate and its complexes; strong oxidant algaecides such as potassium permanganate, ferrate, and peroxides; and herbicide algaecides such as triazolinones and triazines. However, chemical algaecides have a relatively short duration of action, and long-term use can lead to algae resistance and secondary pollution.

[0007] When using algaecides to treat cyanobacterial blooms, factors such as cost, removal efficacy, and algae species should be comprehensively considered, aiming to achieve optimal results with minimal input. Currently, there is a lack of research on botanical algaecides that can remove multiple cyanobacteria while mitigating secondary pollution. Therefore, the development of highly effective and environmentally friendly botanical algaecides is a key research direction for water bloom management. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this application is to provide the use of Macleaya cordata extract as a plant-based algaecide in the treatment of cyanobacteria blooms, which has the advantages of fast effect, long-lasting effect, wide range, no drug resistance, no residue and good safety.

[0009] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions adopted in this application are:

[0010] The present application provides the use of a Macleaya cordata extract as a plant-based algaecide in the management of cyanobacteria blooms. Its mechanism of action is as follows: the Macleaya cordata extract destroys the antioxidant system and inhibits the photosynthesis pathway, ultimately leading to the death of Microcystis aeruginosa. The Macleaya cordata extract has a total alkali content of 50-80%, and the main active ingredients include 40-60% sanguinarine and 10-20% chelerythrine. Cyanobacteria include Microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Synechocystis, Oscillatoria, and Nostoc.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0012] Fast effect: within 24 hours after adding the agent, the algae cells will be significantly reduced, especially for the toxin-producing algae Microcystis aeruginosa, it has the best inhibitory or killing effect. The removal rate reaches more than 98% after 48 hours of treatment, and the water body is obviously clarified.

[0013] Long-lasting effect: Macleaya extract is a natural allelopathic algaecide that significantly inhibits the regeneration of algae. Within 7 days of adding the agent, no algae growth occurred under suitable conditions, indicating a significant algae inhibition effect.

[0014] Wide range: Macleaya cordata extract has obvious inhibitory effect on various common blue algae that cause water pollution, has a broad-spectrum algaecidal effect, and requires little algae removal, with low overall cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0016] Figure 1This is a comparative chart showing the killing effect of 1 mg / L Macleaya cordata extract plant-derived algaecide on Microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Synechocystis, Oscillatoria and Nostoc in the examples of this application.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of the killing effects of 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg / L Macleaya cordata extract plant-derived algaecides and 1 mg / L commercial algaecide prometryn on Microcystis aeruginosa in the examples of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the examples of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the examples of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Where specific conditions are not specified in the examples, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used. Where the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0019] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0020] Application of Macleaya cordata extract as a plant-derived algaecide in the control of cyanobacterial blooms.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, the total alkali content in the Macleaya cordata extract is 50-80%.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, the content of sanguinarine in the Macleaya cordata extract is 40-60%, and the content of chelerythrine is 10-20%.

[0023] Preferably, the total alkali content in the Macleaya cordata extract is 61%, wherein the content of sanguinarine is 44% and the content of chelerythrine is 17%.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned Macleaya cordata extract is a powdered solid and can also be made into a concentrated agent. Its usage concentration is 0.5-10 mg / L, preferably 1 mg / L, that is, the powdered Macleaya cordata extract is added to the water body at a concentration range of 1 mg / L.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned treatment includes inhibiting and killing cyanobacteria blooms.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present application, the cyanobacteria include Microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Synechocystis, Oscillatoria, and Nostoc. Furthermore, the botanical algaecide derived from Macleaya cordata extract has the most excellent inhibitory or killing effect on Microcystis aeruginosa, the main toxin-producing algae in water bodies of water blooms, indicating that the botanical algaecide derived from Macleaya cordata extract has a significant advantage in killing toxin-producing cyanobacteria.

[0027] The features and performance of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0028] In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used were commercially available. Macleaya cordata extract was purchased from Lanzhou Woterui Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The total alkaloid content of the Macleaya cordata extract was 61%, of which the content of sanguinarine was 44% and the content of chelerythrine was 17%. Microcystis aeruginosa (FACHB905), Anabaena sp. FACHB82, Aphanizomenon sp. FACHB1395, Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, Oscillatoria sp. FACHB528, and Nostoc sp. FACHB892 in the following examples were all purchased from the Graduate Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

[0029] In the following examples, the algae were cultured in BG11 medium, and the initial algae solution OD 680 The value is about 1.0, and the algal cell density is about 0.5×10 8 -1×10 8 / L, which meets the algal cell level during moderate cyanobacteria bloom (DB5301 / T 56-2021 Kunming Local Standard Dianchi Lake Cyanobacteria Bloom Grading Warning and Emergency Treatment).

[0030] In the following examples, “(untreated group OD 680 Value - OD after treatment 680 value) / OD of untreated group 680 The calculated result of "value × 100%" represents the algae removal rate.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Microcystis aeruginosa (FACHB905) was cultured in an artificial climate incubator with a temperature of 28°C ± 1°C, a humidity of 60%, and a light intensity of 40 μE·m -2 ·s -1The algae solution was incubated under a 12-hour light-to-dark cycle, with manual shaking three times daily. The initial OD680 value of the algae solution was approximately 1.0. Once the algae density reached the required level, Macleaya cordata extract was added to a concentration of 1 mg / L. This marked the start of the reaction. The solution was then placed in a light incubator, and samples were taken every 24 and 48 hours to measure algae density. Microcystis aeruginosa cells began to die after 24 hours, with an algae cell removal rate exceeding 85%. After 48 hours, almost all algae cells had died, reaching a removal rate of 98.42%.

[0033] Example 2

[0034] Anabaena sp. FACHB82 was cultured in an artificial climate incubator with a temperature of 28°C ± 1°C, a humidity of 60%, and a light intensity of 40 μE·m -2 ·s -1 , 12h (light): 12h (dark), and manually shake 3 times a day. 680 The value was approximately 1.0. When the algal density reached the required level, Macleaya cordata extract was added to a concentration of 1 mg / L. This marked the start of the reaction. The samples were then placed in the light incubator and sampled every 24 and 48 hours to measure the algal density. It was found that the Anabaena algae in the algal solution began to die after 24 hours, with an algal cell removal rate of 75.58%. After 48 hours, the algal cell removal rate reached 92.68%.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] Aphanizomenon sp. FACHB1395 was cultured in an artificial climate incubator with a temperature of 28°C ± 1°C, a humidity of 60%, and a light intensity of 40 μE·m -2 ·s -1 , 12h (light): 12h (dark), and manually shake 3 times a day. 680 The value was approximately 1.0. When the algal density reached the required level, Macleaya cordata extract was added to a concentration of 1 mg / L. This marked the start of the reaction. The samples were then placed in the light incubator and sampled every 24 and 48 hours to measure the algal density. It was found that Aphanizomenon algae began to die after 24 hours, with an algal cell removal rate of 62.68%. After 48 hours, the algal cell removal rate reached 92.31%.

[0037] Example 4

[0038] Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 was cultured in an artificial climate incubator with a temperature of 28°C ± 1°C, a humidity of 60%, and a light intensity of 40 μE·m -2 ·s-1 , 12h (light): 12h (dark), and manually shake 3 times a day. 680 The value was approximately 1.0. When the algal density reached the required level, Macleaya cordata extract was added to a concentration of 1 mg / L. This marked the start of the reaction. The cells were then placed in the light incubator and sampled every 24 and 48 hours to measure algal density. It was found that Synechocystis began to die after 24 hours, with a cell removal rate of 65%. After 48 hours, the cell removal rate reached 80.88%.

[0039] Example 5

[0040] Nostoc sp. FACHB892 was cultured in an artificial climate incubator with a temperature of 28°C ± 1°C, a humidity of 60%, and a light intensity of 40 μE·m -2 ·s -1 The incubator was maintained under a 12-hour light-to-dark cycle, with manual shaking three times daily. The initial algal OD680 value was approximately 1.0. Once the algal density reached the required level, Macleaya cordata extract was added to a concentration of 1 mg / L. This marked the start of the reaction. The incubator was then placed under illumination, and samples were taken every 24 and 48 hours to measure algal density. It was found that Nostoc algae began to die after 24 hours, resulting in a 60.92% algal cell removal rate. After 48 hours, the algal cell removal rate was 84.51%.

[0041] Example 6

[0042] Oscillatoria sp. FACHB528 was cultured in an artificial climate incubator with a temperature of 28°C ± 1°C, a humidity of 60%, and a light intensity of 40 μE·m -2 ·s -1 , 12h (light): 12h (dark), and manually shake 3 times a day. 680 The value was approximately 1.0. When the algal density reached the required level, Macleaya cordata extract was added to a concentration of 1 mg / L. This marked the start of the reaction. The cells were then placed in the light incubator and sampled every 24 and 48 hours to measure algal density. It was found that Oscillatoria began to die in the algal solution after 24 hours, with an algal cell removal rate of 64.54%. After 48 hours, the algal cell removal rate was 83.56%.

[0043] Example 7

[0044] The inhibition rate (24 hours, 48 ​​hours) of 1 mg / L Macleaya cordata extract plant-derived algaecide on Microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Synechocystis, Oscillatoria and Nostoc in Examples 1-6 is shown in Table 1. Figure 1As shown, each group used untreated algae solution as the control group.

[0045] Table 1. Inhibition rate of 1 mg / L Macleaya cordata extract plant-derived algaecide on 6 species of cyanobacteria

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] From Table 1 and Figure 1 It can be seen that within 24 hours after the addition of the agent, the algal cells of Microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Synechocystis, Oscillatoria and Nostoc were significantly reduced, indicating that 1 mg / L of Macleaya cordata extract has a significant inhibitory effect on the above-mentioned cyanobacteria; especially it has the best killing effect on the toxic algae Microcystis aeruginosa, with a removal rate of more than 98% after 48 hours of treatment, and the water body is significantly clarified.

[0049] Example 8

[0050] The inhibition rate of different concentrations of Macleaya cordata extract plant-derived algaecides on Microcystis aeruginosa was studied. The other experimental conditions were the same as those in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0051] Table 2 Inhibition rate of Macleaya cordata extract plant-derived algaecide on Microcystis aeruginosa (48 hours)

[0052] Concentration (mg / L) 0.5 1 2 4 6 8 10 Inhibition rate (%) 83.59 98.42 98.64 98.86 98.97 99.02 99.33

[0053] As shown in Table 2, 0.5-10 mg / L Macleaya extract had an inhibitory effect on Microcystis aeruginosa, and within this concentration range, the inhibitory effect increased with increasing Macleaya extract concentration. Considering cost, 1 mg / L was selected as the optimal concentration.

[0054] Example 9

[0055] The inhibition duration of Macleaya cordata extract algaecide on Microcystis aeruginosa was studied. Microcystis aeruginosa was cultured in an artificial climate incubator with a temperature of 28°C ± 1°C, a humidity of 60%, and a light intensity of 40 μE·m -2 ·s -1 , 12h (light): 12h (dark), and manually shake 3 times a day. 680 The value is about 1.0. When the algae density requirement is reached, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg / L of Macleaya cordata extract and 1 mg / L of commercial algaecide Prometryn are added respectively. This is the start time of the reaction. The cells are placed in the light incubator and the algae density is observed every 48 hours. The results are as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0056] Depend on Figure 2It can be seen that after the addition of the drug, Macleaya cordata extracts in the concentration range of 0.5-2 mg / L all showed an inhibitory effect on Microcystis aeruginosa. Of particular note, when the Macleaya cordata extract concentration exceeded 1 mg / L, its inhibitory effect on Microcystis aeruginosa lasted longer and was more persistent than that of commercial algaecides.

[0057] The embodiments described above are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. Application of Macleaya cordata extract as a plant-based algaecide in the control of cyanobacteria blooms.

2. The use of the Macleaya cordata extract according to claim 1 as a botanical algaecide in controlling cyanobacterial blooms, characterized in that: The total alkali content in the Macleaya cordata extract is 50-80%.

3. The use of the Macleaya cordata extract according to claim 2 as a plant-derived algaecide in the treatment of cyanobacteria blooms, characterized in that: The content of sanguinarine in the Macleaya cordata extract is 40-60%, and the content of chelerythrine is 10-20%.

4. The use of the Macleaya cordata extract according to claim 1 as a plant-derived algaecide in the treatment of cyanobacteria blooms, characterized in that: The use concentration of the Macleaya cordata extract is 0.5-10 mg / L.

5. The use of the Macleaya cordata extract according to claim 1 as a plant-derived algaecide in the treatment of cyanobacteria blooms, characterized in that: The control includes inhibiting and killing blue algae.

6. The use of the Macleaya cordata extract according to claim 1 as a botanical algaecide in the treatment of cyanobacteria blooms, characterized in that: The cyanobacteria include Microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Synechocystis, Oscillatoria and Nostoc.

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