High-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydroacoustic detection, and particularly relates to a high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression, the high-precision multi-beam sonar comprises a sonar detector, a transducer and a heater, the transducer is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the sonar detector, and the heater is arranged in the sonar detector. The sonar detector converts electric energy into a sound wave signal through a transducer by arranging the flow guide cover, the honeycomb damping shell, the silica gel damping agent filling layer, the reflection energy absorption frame, the variable-diameter reflection hole and the active isolation mechanism, and the sound wave signal is propagated in water. When sound waves rebound after encountering obstacles and being reflected, the honeycomb damping shell converts sound energy into heat energy through viscous friction of the silica gel damping agent filling layer in the honeycomb damping shell, and the honeycomb structure prolongs the noise propagation time through multiple reflection paths. The active isolation mechanism guides gas in a high-pressure helium tank through a micro air pump and enables the gas to be sprayed out of an air spraying hole, a bubble curtain with the diameter smaller than 1 mm is continuously manufactured to form an impedance abrupt change layer, and the influence of noise is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater acoustic detection, and in particular to a high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression. Background Art

[0002] Sonar, a core technology for underwater exploration, stems from the limitations of electromagnetic waves' rapid attenuation in water. As the "eyes of the sea," it leverages the efficient propagation of sound waves through water to achieve target location, environmental perception, and information transmission, breaking through barriers to human understanding of the ocean. This technology holds irreplaceable strategic value for marine scientific research (resource exploration, ecological monitoring), military defense (ship navigation, anti-submarine warfare), and civilian applications (underwater search and rescue, fishery resource assessment). It is both a key component in maintaining marine safety and a core tool for uncovering the mysteries of the deep sea.

[0003] The existing technology has the following deficiencies: the "sonar device" in the existing technology with publication number CN118408108A "includes: an equipment body, a spiral propeller is provided on at least one side of the equipment body in the forward direction, and a sonar probe is provided at the front end of the equipment body in the forward direction; a crushing structure, the crushing structure is installed at the front end of the equipment body in the forward direction, and the sonar probe is accommodated in the crushing structure; a spiral silt removal structure, the spiral silt removal structure is installed at the bottom of the equipment body."

[0004] These devices utilize a spiral desilting mechanism at the bottom of the device to remove silt and impurities from the front and bottom. However, current sonar systems do not address the noise in the echoes after transmitting sound waves. Long-term occupational exposure can cause hearing loss, cardiovascular abnormalities, and neurasthenia. Instantaneous high-intensity sound waves can even cause internal organ damage. Furthermore, ambient noise can reduce the accuracy of sonar signal analysis and affect detection reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression, which solves the problem of lack of means to suppress the noise generated by sonar echoes.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression, comprising a sonar detector, a transducer and a heater, wherein the transducer is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the sonar detector, and the heater is arranged inside the sonar detector.

[0007] A cross expansion frame is provided on the outside of the sonar detector, a reflection energy absorption frame is further provided on the side end of the cross expansion frame, and an active isolation mechanism is provided on the side end of the bottom of the sonar detector.

[0008] The cross expansion frame also includes a deflector, a honeycomb damping shell and a silicone damping agent filling layer. The deflector is fixedly installed at the front end of the cross expansion frame, the honeycomb damping shell is fixedly connected to the oblique side end of the cross expansion frame, and the silicone damping agent filling layer is filled inside the honeycomb damping shell.

[0009] In some embodiments, the cross expansion frame is cross-shaped and fixedly connected to the periphery of the sonar detector, the middle part of the deflector is an annular structure, and its position corresponds to that installed on the outside of the transducer.

[0010] In some embodiments, the reflective energy absorption frame also includes a fixed block, a variable diameter reflective hole and a heat-conducting copper tube. The fixed block is fixedly connected to the side end of the reflective energy absorption frame, the variable diameter reflective hole is fixedly installed on the outside of the cross expansion frame, and the heat-conducting copper tube is inserted into the bottom of the variable diameter reflective hole.

[0011] In some embodiments, the heat-conducting copper tube is embedded in the cross expansion frame and starts to converge from the bottom of the variable diameter reflection hole and concentrates on the heat-conducting copper tube in the middle, and the heat-conducting copper tube in the middle extends laterally to the inside of the heater.

[0012] In some embodiments, the active isolation mechanism also includes an air jet hole, a limit frame, a micro air pump and a high-pressure helium cylinder. The air jet hole is opened at the side end of the active isolation mechanism and is equidistantly distributed along the arc surface. The limit frame is fixedly installed at the side end of the active isolation mechanism.

[0013] In some embodiments, the micro air pump is plugged into the side end of the active isolation mechanism, and the high-pressure helium cylinder is clamped to the side end of the cross expansion frame.

[0014] In some embodiments, the variable diameter reflective hole is made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, and the size of the hole changes with the water depth. The hole diameter decreases by 0.1 mm for every 100 m increase in water depth.

[0015] In some embodiments, the outer side length of the honeycomb damping shell is changed according to the applicable water depth, specifically 5-8 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.3 mm, and it is made of titanium alloy material.

[0016] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention provides a high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression:

[0017] A high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression features a shroud, a honeycomb damping shell, a silicone damping agent filling layer, a reflective energy-absorbing frame, a variable-diameter reflective aperture, and an active isolation mechanism. When the sonar detector is in use, the transducer converts electrical energy into acoustic signals that propagate underwater. When the sound waves reflect off an obstacle and rebound, the honeycomb damping shell converts the sound energy into heat through viscous friction within the silicone damping agent filling layer. The honeycomb structure itself extends the noise propagation time through multiple reflection paths. Simultaneously, the variable-diameter reflective aperture inside the reflective energy-absorbing frame changes its shape through heat transfer from a heater and a heat-conducting copper tube. Because the variable-diameter reflective aperture is made of shape-memory alloy, its aperture is affected by temperature and water depth. This dynamic adjustment alters the sound wave reflection path, reflecting the sound waves toward the inner side of the reflective energy-absorbing frame and extending the sound wave transmission path. The active isolation mechanism uses a micro-pump to direct gas from a high-pressure helium cylinder and eject it from the jet hole. This continuously creates a bubble curtain with a diameter of less than 1 mm, forming an impedance gradient layer, further reducing the impact of echo noise.

[0018] Through the above settings and processes, the device has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The curved surface flow guide design on the outside of the air deflector and the cross-expansion frame reduces the turbulence intensity of the boundary layer, thereby reducing fluid noise. The honeycomb damping shell and the internal silicone damping agent filling layer are used to extend the propagation path of the echo noise due to continuous reflection. The variable diameter reflection hole and the reflection energy absorption frame are used to continuously dissipate the side echo noise at the outer end of the reflection energy absorption frame, reducing noise intensity.

[0020] 2. The active isolation mechanism, through the cooperation of air jets and micro-air pumps, can actively construct a bubble curtain system and generate 0.5-1mm helium microbubbles. This disperses sound energy through the acoustic impedance gradient layer, improving the attenuation efficiency of low-frequency vibrations below 200Hz by 40%. By passively extending the noise propagation path, actively constructing a noise-reducing isolation layer, and optimizing the fluid flow, it can achieve full-band noise reduction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the side end structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position structure of the limit frame and the micro air pump of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the reflective energy absorption frame and the heater of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the air guide cover of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the back-end structure of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Sonar detector; 2. Transducer; 3. Cross expansion frame; 301. Fairing; 302. Honeycomb damping shell; 303. Silicone damping agent filling layer; 4. Reflection energy absorption frame; 401. Fixing block; 402. Variable diameter reflection hole; 403. Thermal conductive copper tube; 5. Heater; 6. Active isolation mechanism; 601. Jet hole; 602. Limiting frame; 603. Micro air pump; 604. High-pressure helium cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," "the other end," and the like, indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "provided with," "connected," etc., should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] In this embodiment: a high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression includes a sonar detector 1, a transducer 2 and a heater 5, the transducer 2 is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the sonar detector 1, and the heater 5 is arranged inside the sonar detector 1.

[0033] A cross expansion frame 3 is provided on the outside of the sonar detector 1 , and a reflection energy absorption frame 4 is provided on the side end of the cross expansion frame 3 . An active isolation mechanism 6 is provided on the bottom side end of the sonar detector 1 .

[0034] The cross expansion frame 3 also includes a deflector 301, a honeycomb damping shell 302 and a silicone damping agent filling layer 303. The deflector 301 is fixedly installed at the front end of the cross expansion frame 3, the honeycomb damping shell 302 is fixedly connected to the oblique side end of the cross expansion frame 3, and the silicone damping agent filling layer 303 is filled inside the honeycomb damping shell 302.

[0035] In this embodiment, the cross expansion frame 3 is cross-shaped and fixedly connected to the periphery of the sonar detector 1. The middle part of the deflector 301 is annular and its position corresponds to the installation on the outside of the transducer 2. The reflection energy absorption frame 4 also includes a fixed block 401, a variable diameter reflection hole 402 and a heat-conducting copper tube 403. The fixed block 401 is fixedly connected to the side end of the reflection energy absorption frame 4. The variable diameter reflection hole 402 is fixedly installed on the outside of the cross expansion frame 3. The heat-conducting copper tube 403 is inserted into the bottom of the variable diameter reflection hole 402.

[0036] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 as well as Figure 5 As shown, the variable diameter reflection hole 402 is made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy. When the water depth is 1000 meters, the aperture is automatically reduced by 1mm. The reflection path is optimized with the pressure change to reduce low-frequency noise interference.

[0037] Furthermore: the honeycomb damping shell 302 has a wall thickness of 0.3 mm and a side length of 8 mm, and is made of titanium alloy, suitable for deep-sea high-pressure environments, and is combined with a silicone damping agent filling layer 303 to absorb high-frequency vibration noise.

[0038] In this embodiment, the heat-conducting copper tube 403 is embedded in the cross expansion frame 3, and starts to converge from the bottom of the variable-diameter reflection hole 402 and concentrates on the heat-conducting copper tube 403 in the middle. The heat-conducting copper tube 403 in the middle extends laterally to the inside of the heater 5; the active isolation mechanism 6 also includes an air jet 601, a limit frame 602, a micro air pump 603 and a high-pressure helium cylinder 604. The air jet 601 is opened at the side end of the active isolation mechanism 6 and is equidistantly distributed along the arc surface. The limit frame 602 is fixedly installed on the side end of the active isolation mechanism 6.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, heater 5 is linked to heat-conducting copper tube 403, which can also heat the housing of sonar detector 1 when operating under ice, preventing ice from forming on the surface of transducer 2 and causing sound wave distortion. Heat-conducting copper tube 403 transfers heat energy from heater 5 to variable-diameter reflective hole 402, causing its diameter to change when depth cannot be changed.

[0040] In this embodiment, the micro air pump 603 is inserted into the side end of the active isolation mechanism 6, and the high-pressure helium cylinder 604 is clamped to the side end of the cross expansion frame 3; the variable diameter reflection hole 402 is made of nickel-titanium memory alloy, and the aperture size changes with the water depth. The aperture decreases by 0.1mm for every 100m increase in water depth; the outer side length of the honeycomb damping shell 302 is changed according to the applicable water depth requirements, specifically 6mm, and the wall thickness is 0.3mm, and it is made of titanium alloy material.

[0041] Specifically, such as Figure 4 Figure 6 as well as Figure 7 As shown, a micro air pump 603 drives a high-pressure helium cylinder 604, which forms a circular air curtain barrier around the sonar detector 1 through the air jet 601, isolating the sound wave scattering noise from suspended particulate matter. The variable-diameter reflection aperture 402 expands to its base size in shallow water (<200m), enhancing the reflection suppression of near-field biological activity noise.

[0042] The working principle and usage process of the present invention are as follows: When the device is in use, the sonar detector 1 converts electrical energy into acoustic signals through the transducer 2 and propagates through the water. When the sound waves reflect off an obstacle and rebound, the honeycomb damping shell 302 converts the sound energy into heat through the viscous friction of the internal silicone damping agent filling layer 303. The honeycomb structure itself prolongs the noise propagation time through multiple reflection paths. Simultaneously, the variable diameter reflection hole 402 inside the reflective energy absorption frame 4 changes its shape due to the heat transfer effect of the heater 5 and the heat-conducting copper tube 403. Because the variable diameter reflection hole 402 is made of shape memory alloy, its aperture is affected by temperature and water depth. This dynamic adjustment of the aperture changes the sound wave reflection path, reflecting the sound waves into the inner side of the reflective energy absorption frame 4, thereby extending the sound wave propagation path. The active isolation mechanism 6, using a micro air pump 603, guides the gas in the high-pressure helium cylinder 604 and ejects it from the air jet 601. This continuously produces a bubble curtain with a diameter of less than 1 mm, forming an impedance transition layer, further reducing the impact of echo noise.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression, comprising a sonar detector (1), a transducer (2) and a heater (5), wherein the transducer (2) is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the sonar detector (1), and the heater (5) is arranged inside the sonar detector (1), characterized in that: A cross expansion frame (3) is provided on the outside of the sonar detector (1), a reflection energy absorption frame (4) is further provided on the side end of the cross expansion frame (3), and an active isolation mechanism (6) is provided on the bottom side end of the sonar detector (1); The cross expansion frame (3) further comprises a deflector (301), a honeycomb damping shell (302) and a silicone damping agent filling layer (303); the deflector (301) is fixedly mounted on the front end of the cross expansion frame (3); the honeycomb damping shell (302) is fixedly connected to the oblique side end of the cross expansion frame (3); and the silicone damping agent filling layer (303) is filled inside the honeycomb damping shell (302).

2. The high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross expansion frame (3) is cross-shaped and fixedly connected to the periphery of the sonar detector (1); the middle part of the deflector (301) is an annular structure, and its position is correspondingly installed on the outside of the transducer (2).

3. The high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective energy absorption frame (4) further comprises a fixed block (401), a variable diameter reflective hole (402) and a heat-conducting copper tube (403); the fixed block (401) is fixedly connected to the side end of the reflective energy absorption frame (4); the variable diameter reflective hole (402) is fixedly installed on the outside of the cross expansion frame (3); and the heat-conducting copper tube (403) is plugged into the bottom of the variable diameter reflective hole (402).

4. The high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heat-conducting copper tube (403) is embedded in the cross-expansion frame (3), and starts to converge from the bottom of the variable-diameter reflection hole (402) and concentrates on the heat-conducting copper tube (403) in the middle. The heat-conducting copper tube (403) in the middle extends laterally to the inside of the heater (5).

5. The high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active isolation mechanism (6) further comprises an air jet hole (601), a limiting frame (602), a micro air pump (603) and a high-pressure helium cylinder (604); the air jet hole (601) is provided at a side end of the active isolation mechanism (6) and is distributed equidistantly along the arc surface; the limiting frame (602) is fixedly mounted at the side end of the active isolation mechanism (6).

6. The high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression according to claim 5, characterized in that: The micro air pump (603) is plugged into the side end of the active isolation mechanism (6), and the high-pressure helium bottle (604) is clamped to the side end of the cross expansion frame (3).

7. The high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression according to claim 3, characterized in that: The variable diameter reflective hole (402) is made of nickel-titanium memory alloy, and the size of the hole changes with the water depth. The hole diameter decreases by 0.1 mm for every 100 m increase in water depth.

8. The high-precision multi-beam sonar with echo noise suppression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side length of the honeycomb damping shell (302) is changed according to the applicable water depth, specifically 5-8 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.3 mm, and it is made of titanium alloy material.

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