Circuit breaker on-line monitoring edge terminal and high-low speed synchronous acquisition method

Abstract

The invention discloses a circuit breaker on-line monitoring edge terminal and a high and low speed synchronous acquisition method. The edge terminal comprises a high-speed acquisition card, a low-speed acquisition card, a time synchronization module and an edge computing host. And the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card are respectively connected with the circuit breaker monitoring sensor and respectively acquire signals at different sampling frequencies. And the time synchronization module realizes time synchronization of the high-speed and low-speed acquisition cards through a trigger signal generation unit and a timestamp alignment unit. The edge computing host comprises a data processing unit, a data storage unit and a data uploading unit and is responsible for filtering, feature extraction, fault diagnosis, historical data storage and data uploading of collected signals. The invention further provides a high and low speed acquisition time synchronization method, high and low frequency signals can be synchronized in real time in a circuit breaker operation event, the accuracy and synchronism of data acquisition are ensured, and therefore the reliability and comprehensiveness of monitoring are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of intelligent power equipment monitoring, and in particular relates to a circuit breaker online monitoring edge terminal and a high-speed and low-speed synchronous acquisition method. Background Art

[0002] Traditional online monitoring edge terminals typically use a single-frequency data acquisition method, which is unable to fully capture the various signals generated by circuit breaker operation, such as current, vibration, temperature, and displacement. Furthermore, traditional technologies often suffer from frequency mismatches and timing deviations between high- and low-speed signal acquisition, resulting in poor data synchronization and accuracy, which in turn affects the accuracy of fault diagnosis and condition assessment. Therefore, a method that can simultaneously acquire signals at different frequencies and achieve precise synchronization is urgently needed to improve the efficiency and reliability of circuit breaker monitoring. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a circuit breaker online monitoring edge terminal and a high-speed and low-speed synchronous acquisition method, aiming to solve the problems of signal acquisition frequency mismatch and timing deviation in the prior art, thereby ensuring the synchronization and accuracy of data acquisition and improving the reliability and comprehensiveness of circuit breaker monitoring.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A circuit breaker online monitoring edge terminal, comprising a high-speed acquisition card, a low-speed acquisition card, a time synchronization module and an edge computing host;

[0006] The high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card are connected to the circuit breaker monitoring sensor respectively. The high-speed acquisition card is connected to the high-frequency signal and collects the circuit breaker monitoring signal at the same time, while the low-speed acquisition card is connected to the low-frequency signal;

[0007] Time synchronization module, used to achieve timing alignment between high-speed acquisition card and low-speed acquisition card;

[0008] The edge computing host includes a data processing unit, a data storage unit and a data upload unit; the data processing unit is used to filter, extract features and diagnose faults on the acquisition signals of the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card; the data storage unit stores historical feature data and fault data; the data upload unit supports the MQTT protocol to upload key data to the cloud.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the high-speed acquisition card is configured with a sampling frequency of 1 kHz or more, and the low-speed acquisition card is configured with a sampling frequency of 1 kHz or less.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the high-frequency signal connected to the high-speed acquisition card includes a current sensor and a vibration sensor, which captures current fluctuations and abnormal vibration high-frequency signals.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that the low-frequency signals connected by the low-speed acquisition include a temperature sensor and a stroke sensor, and the low-frequency signals of temperature changes and displacement changes are tracked.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the time synchronization module includes a trigger signal generation unit, a timestamp alignment unit and a dynamic calibration unit; the trigger signal generation unit generates a synchronization trigger signal based on a circuit breaker operation event, and sends it to the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card at the same time; the timestamp alignment unit timestamps the data streams of the two acquisition cards through a preset time reference, and uses an interpolation algorithm to correct the phase delay of the low-speed signal; the dynamic calibration unit periodically compares the clock deviations of the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card, uses the least squares method to fit the clock drift curve, and adjusts the sampling interval of the low-speed signal in real time.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that the data processing unit includes a vibration signal analysis module, a stroke calculation module, a current data processing module and a temperature data processing module; the vibration signal analysis module is used to perform time domain and frequency domain analysis on the mechanical vibration signal of the circuit breaker obtained in the high-speed acquisition channel; analyze the duration of the operation process; perform feature matching on the vibration signal to identify possible mechanical jamming and loose bolt failure behaviors; the stroke calculation module is used to calculate the signal collected by the stroke sensor; the current data processing module is used to process the circuit breaker on-off current signal; extract the current zero point, peak value, and conduction time information during disconnection; and identify the timing relationship between contact opening or closing and current changes in combination with the stroke information and vibration signal; the temperature data processing module is used to read the temperature sensor signal and extract the temperature maximum value, average value and change rate index.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that the vibration signal analysis module is used to perform time domain and frequency domain analysis on the mechanical vibration signal of the circuit breaker obtained in the high-speed acquisition channel, including: extracting the amplitude, root mean square, main frequency and envelope characteristics of the vibration acceleration signal;

[0015] The stroke calculation module is used to calculate the signals collected by the stroke sensor, including key parameters such as movement speed, movement time and movement distance;

[0016] The current data processing module is used to process the on-off current signal of the circuit breaker, including: collecting and analyzing the load current waveform.

[0017] A high-speed and low-speed acquisition time synchronization method, used for the time synchronization module of the circuit breaker online monitoring edge terminal, comprising:

[0018] In response to a circuit breaker operation event, generating a synchronous trigger signal and sending the signal to the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card;

[0019] After receiving the synchronous trigger signal, the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card respectively start data acquisition at the preset sampling frequency; the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card record the timestamp at the initial moment of data acquisition to mark the time base of the data;

[0020] The time base of the data stream is normalized by the timestamp alignment unit. Specifically, this includes interpolating the low-speed acquisition signal to compensate for the sampling interval difference between the low-speed signal and the high-speed signal. The interpolation algorithm aligns the timestamps of the low-speed signal with the timestamps of the high-speed signal to ensure the timing of the low-speed signal is synchronized with the high-speed signal.

[0021] The dynamic calibration unit monitors the clock drift between the high-speed and low-speed acquisition cards in real time. By periodically comparing the time difference between the acquisition cards, it dynamically adjusts the sampling interval of the low-speed signal to correct the synchronization deviation caused by clock drift. The calibration algorithm uses the least squares method to fit the clock drift curve to ensure synchronization accuracy during long-term operation.

[0022] After time synchronization and dynamic calibration are completed, the final synchronized data stream will be input into the edge computing host for further processing; the edge computing host is responsible for filtering, feature extraction and fault diagnosis of the synchronized data; the processed data is used for real-time analysis, alarm, fault warning and subsequent maintenance decision support.

[0023] A further improvement of the present invention is that the interpolation algorithm is aligned according to the timestamp of the low-speed signal and the timestamp of the high-speed signal, including:

[0024] During the timestamp alignment process, an interpolation algorithm is used to perform time correction on the low-speed signal based on the timestamp of the low-speed acquisition signal and the timestamp of the high-speed acquisition signal. The specific steps include:

[0025] Define the timestamp of high-speed acquisition signal as T l,j , the timestamp of the low-speed acquisition signal is T h,i , where i and j are the indices of high-speed and low-speed acquisition data respectively;

[0026] Calculate the interpolation factor α based on the time difference between the high-speed signal and the low-speed signal;

[0027]

[0028] Among them, T l,j+1 The next timestamp of the low-speed signal;

[0029] The interpolated low-speed signal timestamp is calculated according to the following formula:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, α is the interpolation factor, and α∈[0,1] is the interpolation correction ratio, which is used to ensure that the timestamps of the low-speed signal and the high-speed signal are aligned; It is the timestamp of the low-speed signal after interpolation correction, used to correspond to the high-speed signal in time.

[0032] A further improvement of the present invention is that the calibration algorithm uses the least squares method to fit the clock drift curve to ensure synchronization accuracy under long-term operation, including:

[0033] By periodically comparing the timestamps (T h,i 、T l,j ), calculate the clock drift ΔT k ;

[0034] Use the least squares method to fit the clock drift curve and dynamically adjust the sampling interval of the low-speed signal using the following formula to correct the clock drift:

[0035] ΔT k =A+Bk+Ck 2

[0036] Where, ΔT k is the clock drift, A, B, C are fitting parameters, and k is the number of the sampling period;

[0037] By calculating the fitting results of the least squares method, the correction amount of clock drift is determined, and the sampling interval of the low-speed acquisition card is adjusted in real time to ensure that the sampling of the low-speed signal is synchronized with the high-speed signal and eliminate the synchronization deviation caused by clock drift.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0039] Through this design, the present invention achieves efficient online monitoring of circuit breakers by combining high- and low-speed data acquisition. It simultaneously collects key high- and low-frequency parameters, capturing both transient and long-term signal changes during circuit breaker operation. Real-time time synchronization and dynamic calibration address acquisition frequency mismatches and timing deviations, ensuring data synchronization, accuracy, and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the high-speed and low-speed acquisition card time synchronization method of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 This is the result of collecting 10kHz rectangular wave using a high-speed acquisition card.

[0044] Figure 4 This is the result of collecting 1kHz rectangular wave with a low-speed acquisition card.

[0045] Figure 5 It is the contactor closing current stroke curve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] Hereinafter, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are to be considered as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "include" and "comprises" indicate the presence of described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0048] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0049] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present description and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0050] The accompanying drawings illustrate various schematic diagrams of structures according to embodiments disclosed herein. These figures are not drawn to scale; for clarity, some details are exaggerated and some details may be omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the figures, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Those skilled in the art may design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0051] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] The present invention proposes an edge terminal for online monitoring of circuit breaker, which includes three key modules: a high-speed acquisition card, a low-speed acquisition card, a time synchronization module and an edge computing host.

[0054] High-speed and low-speed acquisition cards: This system uses two acquisition cards, one for collecting high-frequency and one for collecting low-frequency signals. The high-speed acquisition card is configured with a higher sampling frequency to capture transient high-frequency signals such as vibration and current. The low-speed acquisition card is configured with a lower sampling frequency to capture long-term, stable signals of the circuit breaker, such as temperature and displacement.

[0055] Time synchronization module: The main function of this module is to solve the time synchronization problem between high-speed and low-speed acquisition cards. In traditional technologies, due to differences in sampling frequency, it is easy to cause time deviations in the acquired data. To this end, the present invention ensures the consistency of the data streams of the high-speed and low-speed acquisition cards on the time axis through the collaboration of the trigger signal generation unit, the timestamp alignment unit and the dynamic calibration unit. The trigger signal generation unit generates a synchronous trigger signal based on the operation event of the circuit breaker to start the simultaneous acquisition of the high-speed and low-speed acquisition cards; the timestamp alignment unit uses an interpolation algorithm to timestamp and correct the low-speed acquisition signal to keep it synchronized with the high-speed signal; the dynamic calibration unit makes real-time adjustments based on the clock drift between the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card.

[0056] Edge Computing Host: This module is responsible for preliminary processing of collected signals, including signal filtering, feature extraction, and fault diagnosis. The data processing unit, which includes a vibration signal analysis module, a travel calculation module, and a current data processing module, analyzes collected data in real time, identifies potential faults, and provides early warnings. The data storage unit stores historical feature data and fault data for subsequent analysis and fault tracing. The data upload unit supports uploading critical data to the cloud via the MQTT protocol for further centralized management and analysis.

[0057] The vibration signal analysis module performs time and frequency domain analysis on the circuit breaker's mechanical vibration signals acquired through the high-speed acquisition channel. This includes, but is not limited to, extracting the amplitude, root mean square (RMS), dominant frequency, and envelope characteristics of the vibration acceleration signal; analyzing the duration of the operation process; and performing feature matching on the vibration signal to identify possible fault behaviors such as mechanical jamming and loose bolts. The travel calculation module calculates key parameters such as motion speed, motion time, and motion distance from the signals collected by the travel sensor. The current data processing module processes the circuit breaker's on-off current signals, including collecting and analyzing the load current waveform; extracting information such as the current zero point, peak value, and on-time during the opening and closing phase; and combining travel information with the vibration signal to identify the timing relationship between contact opening or closing and current changes. The temperature data processing module reads the temperature sensor signal and extracts indicators such as the maximum temperature, average temperature, and rate of change. Data collected by each module is precisely timestamped and aligned under the coordination of the time synchronization module to ensure that event judgments are based on the same operation cycle. The modules of the data processing unit collaborate using a unified time base, enabling multi-parameter joint diagnosis. Through the linkage analysis of vibration, stroke and current data, it is determined whether the operation of the circuit breaker during the opening and closing process is normal, and whether there are fault characteristics such as jamming, abnormal speed or breaking failure. Combined with temperature and current data, it is analyzed whether the abnormal temperature rise is caused by excessive current, or whether local overheating is caused by poor contact.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] To improve the reliability and comprehensiveness of circuit breaker monitoring, enhance the synchronization and accuracy of data acquisition, and resolve the frequency mismatch and timing deviation issues of existing edge terminal signal acquisition, the present invention provides an edge terminal for online monitoring of a circuit breaker. An embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.

[0060] Figure 1 The overall structure of the edge terminal system of the present invention is demonstrated. The system includes key parts such as a high-speed acquisition card, a low-speed acquisition card, a time synchronization module, and an edge computing unit. The high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card are respectively connected to the circuit breaker monitoring sensor to collect signals of different frequencies. The high-speed acquisition card is connected to high-frequency signals, including but not limited to current sensors and vibration sensors, to capture high-frequency signals such as current fluctuations and vibration anomalies; the low-speed acquisition card is connected to low-frequency signals, including but not limited to temperature sensors, travel sensors, to track low-frequency signals such as temperature changes and displacement changes. The time synchronization module is used to achieve timing alignment between the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card, including a trigger signal generation unit, a timestamp alignment unit, and a dynamic calibration unit. The edge computing host includes a data processing unit, a data storage unit, and a data upload unit.

[0061] Figure 2The flow chart of the high-speed and low-speed acquisition synchronization method of the time synchronization module is presented, focusing on the collaborative process of the trigger signal generation unit, the timestamp alignment unit and the dynamic calibration unit.

[0062] Trigger signal generation unit: When an operation event occurs in the circuit breaker, the trigger signal generation unit generates a synchronous trigger signal, which is sent to the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card at the same time to ensure that both start data acquisition at the same time point.

[0063] Timestamp alignment unit: Interpolates the low-speed acquisition signal to compensate for the sampling interval difference between the low-speed signal and the high-speed signal. The interpolation algorithm aligns the timestamps of the low-speed signal with the timestamps of the high-speed signal to ensure that the timing of the low-speed signal is synchronized with the high-speed signal.

[0064] Dynamic Calibration Unit: This unit monitors clock drift between high-speed and low-speed acquisition cards in real time. By periodically comparing the clock difference between the acquisition cards, it dynamically adjusts the sampling interval of the low-speed signal to correct synchronization errors caused by clock drift. The calibration algorithm uses the least squares method to fit the clock drift curve to ensure synchronization accuracy over long periods of time. Clock drift is calculated using this formula and the sampling interval of the low-speed signal is adjusted in real time to ensure data synchronization.

[0065] Through the above-mentioned embodiments, the present invention can realize efficient online monitoring of the circuit breaker and improve the safety and reliability of the circuit breaker operation through synchronization of high-speed and low-speed acquisition signals and real-time data processing.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] Use a signal generator to generate rectangular waves of 10kHz and 100Hz respectively, and use an online monitoring edge terminal to collect data with acquisition frequencies of 100kHz and 1kHz respectively to verify its acquisition frequency.

[0068] Figure 3 and Figure 4 The following are the results of rectangular waves of different frequencies collected by high-speed and low-speed acquisition cards. The acquisition frequency of the high-speed acquisition card is 100kHz, and the acquisition frequency of the low-speed acquisition card is 1kHz. It can be observed that:

[0069] 10kHz rectangular wave: At an acquisition frequency of 100kHz, the acquisition card can accurately capture the waveform of the 10kHz signal, and the waveform is clear, with obvious rising and falling edges. The high-speed acquisition card can meet the acquisition needs of high-speed signals.

[0070] 100Hz rectangular wave: Similarly, at a sampling frequency of 1kHz, the 100Hz signal can also be accurately acquired, and the waveform shows smooth and periodic changes. The low-speed acquisition card can capture the changes in the low-frequency signal.

[0071] The CKG4 AC high-voltage vacuum contactor is used as the test equipment, the EM9636B4 high-speed data acquisition card is connected to the SUP-DJI-5A current sensor to collect the power line current at the closing moment, and the DAQ122 low-speed data acquisition card is connected to the KTC1 travel sensor to collect the mechanical travel of the closing contact. Figure 5 As shown, the system accurately captures current fluctuations at the moment of circuit breaker closing, accurately capturing both rising and falling current trends, reflecting the current characteristics during the closing process. It can also accurately determine the starting and ending points of closing and fully record the changes in the mechanical travel of the contacts. These changes are aligned under the coordination of the time synchronization module, ensuring that event judgments are based on the same operating cycle.

[0072] Example 4

[0073] The present invention provides a high-speed and low-speed acquisition time synchronization method, which is used for the time synchronization module of the circuit breaker online monitoring edge terminal, comprising the following steps:

[0074] ① In response to the circuit breaker operation event, a synchronous trigger signal is generated and sent to the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card;

[0075] ② After receiving the synchronous trigger signal, the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card start data acquisition at the preset sampling frequency respectively; the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card record the timestamp at the initial moment of data acquisition to mark the time base of the data;

[0076] ③ The time base of the data stream is normalized by the timestamp alignment unit. Specifically, this includes: interpolating the low-speed acquisition signal to compensate for the sampling interval difference between the low-speed signal and the high-speed signal. The interpolation algorithm aligns the timestamps of the low-speed signal with the timestamps of the high-speed signal to ensure the timing of the low-speed signal is synchronized with the high-speed signal;

[0077] ④ The dynamic calibration unit monitors the clock drift between the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card in real time. By periodically comparing the time difference between the acquisition cards, it dynamically adjusts the sampling interval of the low-speed signal to correct the synchronization deviation caused by clock drift. The calibration algorithm uses the least squares method to fit the clock drift curve to ensure synchronization accuracy under long-term operation.

[0078] ⑤ Once time synchronization and dynamic calibration are completed, the final synchronized data stream will be input into the edge computing host for further processing; the edge computing host is responsible for filtering, feature extraction and fault diagnosis of the synchronized data; the processed data is used for real-time analysis, alarm, fault warning and subsequent maintenance decision support.

[0079] In this embodiment, the interpolation algorithm aligns the timestamps of the low-speed signal and the high-speed signal, including:

[0080] During the timestamp alignment process, an interpolation algorithm is used to perform time correction on the low-speed signal based on the timestamp of the low-speed acquisition signal and the timestamp of the high-speed acquisition signal. The specific steps include:

[0081] Define the timestamp of high-speed acquisition signal as T l,j , the timestamp of the low-speed acquisition signal is T h,i , where i and j are the indices of high-speed and low-speed acquisition data respectively;

[0082] Calculate the interpolation factor α based on the time difference between the high-speed signal and the low-speed signal;

[0083]

[0084] Among them, T l,j+1 The next timestamp of the low-speed signal;

[0085] The interpolated low-speed signal timestamp is calculated according to the following formula:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, α is the interpolation factor, and α∈[0,1] is the interpolation correction ratio, which is used to ensure that the timestamps of the low-speed signal and the high-speed signal are aligned; It is the timestamp of the low-speed signal after interpolation correction, used to correspond to the high-speed signal in time.

[0088] In this embodiment, the calibration algorithm uses the least squares method to fit the clock drift curve to ensure synchronization accuracy during long-term operation, including:

[0089] By periodically comparing the timestamps (T h,i 、T l,j ), calculate the clock drift ΔT k ;

[0090] Use the least squares method to fit the clock drift curve and dynamically adjust the sampling interval of the low-speed signal using the following formula to correct the clock drift:

[0091] ΔT k =A+Bk+Ck 2

[0092] Where, ΔT k is the clock drift, A, B, C are fitting parameters, and k is the number of the sampling period;

[0093] By calculating the fitting results of the least squares method, the correction amount of clock drift is determined, and the sampling interval of the low-speed acquisition card is adjusted in real time to ensure that the sampling of the low-speed signal is synchronized with the high-speed signal and eliminate the synchronization deviation caused by clock drift.

[0094] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from all points of view, the embodiments should be regarded as illustrative and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim to which they relate.

[0095] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification describes the embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This description is for clarity only. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any changes made based on the technical solution in accordance with the technical concept proposed by the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker online monitoring edge terminal, characterized in that: Includes high-speed acquisition card, low-speed acquisition card, time synchronization module and edge computing host; The high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card are connected to the circuit breaker monitoring sensor respectively. The high-speed acquisition card is connected to the high-frequency signal and collects the circuit breaker monitoring signal at the same time, while the low-speed acquisition card is connected to the low-frequency signal; Time synchronization module, used to achieve timing alignment between high-speed acquisition card and low-speed acquisition card; The edge computing host includes a data processing unit, a data storage unit and a data upload unit; the data processing unit is used to filter, extract features and diagnose faults on the acquisition signals of the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card; the data storage unit stores historical feature data and fault data; the data upload unit supports the MQTT protocol to upload key data to the cloud.

2. A circuit breaker online monitoring edge terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-speed acquisition card is configured with a sampling frequency of 1 kHz or higher, and the low-speed acquisition card is configured with a sampling frequency of 1 kHz or lower.

3. The circuit breaker online monitoring edge terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-frequency signals connected to the high-speed acquisition card include current sensors and vibration sensors, which capture current fluctuations and abnormal vibration high-frequency signals.

4. A circuit breaker online monitoring edge terminal according to claim 3, characterized in that: The low-frequency signals connected by low-speed acquisition include temperature sensors and stroke sensors, tracking low-frequency signals of temperature changes and displacement changes.

5. The circuit breaker online monitoring edge terminal according to claim 4, characterized in that: The time synchronization module includes a trigger signal generation unit, a timestamp alignment unit, and a dynamic calibration unit; the trigger signal generation unit generates a synchronization trigger signal based on the circuit breaker operation event and sends it to the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card at the same time; The timestamp alignment unit timestamps the data streams of the two acquisition cards using a preset time reference and uses an interpolation algorithm to correct the phase delay of the low-speed signal. The dynamic calibration unit periodically compares the clock deviations of the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card, uses the least squares method to fit the clock drift curve, and adjusts the sampling interval of the low-speed signal in real time.

6. The circuit breaker online monitoring edge terminal according to claim 5, characterized in that: The data processing unit includes a vibration signal analysis module, a stroke calculation module, a current data processing module, and a temperature data processing module. The vibration signal analysis module is used to perform time and frequency domain analysis on the mechanical vibration signal of the circuit breaker obtained from the high-speed acquisition channel; analyze the duration of the operation process; perform feature matching on the vibration signal to identify possible mechanical jamming and loose bolt faults; the stroke calculation module is used to calculate the signal collected by the stroke sensor; the current data processing module is used to process the circuit breaker on-off current signal; and extract the current zero point, peak value, and on-time information during the opening and closing process. In conjunction with stroke information and vibration signals, the timing relationship between contact opening or closing and current changes is identified; the temperature data processing module is used to read the temperature sensor signal and extract the maximum temperature, average temperature and change rate indicators.

7. The circuit breaker online monitoring edge terminal according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vibration signal analysis module is used to perform time domain and frequency domain analysis on the mechanical vibration signal of the circuit breaker obtained in the high-speed acquisition channel, including: extracting the amplitude, root mean square, main frequency and envelope characteristics of the vibration acceleration signal; The stroke calculation module is used to calculate the signals collected by the stroke sensor, including key parameters such as movement speed, movement time and movement distance; The current data processing module is used to process the on-off current signal of the circuit breaker, including: collecting and analyzing the load current waveform.

8. A high-speed and low-speed acquisition time synchronization method, characterized in that: The time synchronization module for the circuit breaker online monitoring edge terminal according to claim 5 comprises: In response to a circuit breaker operation event, generating a synchronous trigger signal and sending the signal to the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card; After receiving the synchronous trigger signal, the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card respectively start data acquisition at the preset sampling frequency; the high-speed acquisition card and the low-speed acquisition card record the timestamp at the initial moment of data acquisition to mark the time base of the data; The time base of the data stream is normalized by the timestamp alignment unit. Specifically, this includes interpolating the low-speed acquisition signal to compensate for the sampling interval difference between the low-speed signal and the high-speed signal. The interpolation algorithm aligns the timestamps of the low-speed signal with the timestamps of the high-speed signal to ensure the timing of the low-speed signal is synchronized with the high-speed signal. The dynamic calibration unit monitors the clock drift between the high-speed and low-speed acquisition cards in real time. By periodically comparing the time difference between the acquisition cards, it dynamically adjusts the sampling interval of the low-speed signal to correct the synchronization deviation caused by clock drift. The calibration algorithm uses the least squares method to fit the clock drift curve to ensure synchronization accuracy during long-term operation. After time synchronization and dynamic calibration are completed, the final synchronized data stream will be input into the edge computing host for further processing; the edge computing host is responsible for filtering, feature extraction and fault diagnosis of the synchronized data; the processed data is used for real-time analysis, alarm, fault warning and subsequent maintenance decision support.

9. A high-speed and low-speed acquisition time synchronization method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The interpolation algorithm aligns the timestamps of the low-speed signal with the timestamps of the high-speed signal, including: During the timestamp alignment process, an interpolation algorithm is used to perform time correction on the low-speed signal based on the timestamp of the low-speed acquisition signal and the timestamp of the high-speed acquisition signal. The specific steps include: Define the timestamp of high-speed acquisition signal as T l,j , the timestamp of the low-speed acquisition signal is T h,i , where i and j are the indices of high-speed and low-speed acquisition data respectively; Calculate the interpolation factor α based on the time difference between the high-speed signal and the low-speed signal; Among them, T l,j+1 The next timestamp of the low-speed signal; The interpolated low-speed signal timestamp is calculated according to the following formula: Among them, α is the interpolation factor, and α∈[0,1] is the interpolation correction ratio, which is used to ensure that the timestamps of the low-speed signal and the high-speed signal are aligned; It is the timestamp of the low-speed signal after interpolation correction, used to correspond to the high-speed signal in time.

10. The high-speed and low-speed acquisition time synchronization method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The calibration algorithm uses the least squares method to fit the clock drift curve to ensure synchronization accuracy over long periods of time, including: By periodically comparing the timestamps (T h,i 、T l,j ), calculate the clock drift ΔT k ; Use the least squares method to fit the clock drift curve and dynamically adjust the sampling interval of the low-speed signal using the following formula to correct the clock drift: ΔT k =A+Bk+Ck 2 Where, ΔT k is the clock drift, A, B, C are fitting parameters, and k is the number of the sampling period; By calculating the fitting results of the least squares method, the correction amount of clock drift is determined, and the sampling interval of the low-speed acquisition card is adjusted in real time to ensure that the sampling of the low-speed signal is synchronized with the high-speed signal and eliminate the synchronization deviation caused by clock drift.

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