Bearing frame and bearing method of VC service, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a bearing frame and bearing method of a VC service, electronic equipment and a storage medium, the bearing frame is composed of an S code block, a D code block and a T code block, and the bearing frame comprises an overhead area and a bearing area; the overhead area is used for bearing overhead information of the VC service; the bearing area is used for bearing client content of the VC service; the bearing frames are used for being mapped to a sub-time slot of a service layer for transmission, one bearing frame is used for bearing a path of VC service, the VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. Therefore, when the VC4 service or the VC4-N service is borne based on the sub-time slot in the FlexE protocol standard, one path of VC4 service or VC4-N service to be borne can be mapped into the bearing frame, and then the bearing frame is mapped into the sub-time slot for transmission, so that bearing of the VC4 service or the VC4-N service can be realized, and the bearing requirement of the VC4 service or the VC4-N service is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a bearer frame, a bearer method, an electronic device, and a storage medium for a VC service. Background Art

[0002] The Flexible Ethernet (FlexE) protocol standard technical specification defines a method for delivering customer services at speeds of n (n is a positive integer) * 5G (in bits per second). FlexE physical interfaces can efficiently carry customer services at speeds above 5G. To address the need to carry customer services slower than 5G, the protocol standard also establishes a fine-grained frame structure. This divides a 5G-speed FlexE slot into 480 sub-slots, each with a 10M bandwidth, capable of carrying customer services of 10M or higher.

[0003] For virtual container (VC) services in the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) standard, such as VC4 services or VC4-N services, the above-mentioned sub-time slots can also be used for service carrying in related technologies. However, there is currently no relevant solution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a VC service bearer frame, bearer method, electronic device and storage medium, which are used to solve the problem of how to carry VC4 services or VC4-N services in sub-time slots based on the FlexE protocol standard.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, a bearer frame for a VC service is provided, wherein the bearer frame is composed of an S code block, a D code block, and a T code block, and the bearer frame includes an overhead area and a bearer area;

[0007] The overhead area is used to carry overhead information of VC services;

[0008] The bearer area is used to carry customer content of VC services;

[0009] The bearer frame is used for mapping to a sub-time slot of a service layer for transmission. One bearer frame is used for carrying one VC service. The VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0010] In a second aspect, a method for carrying a VC service based on the bearer frame of the VC service described in the first aspect is provided, which is applied to a transmitting end and includes:

[0011] Mapping a VC service to be carried into the bearer frame, wherein the VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service;

[0012] Mapping the bearer frame into the sub-time slot;

[0013] The sub-time slot is sent to a receiving end.

[0014] In a third aspect, a method for carrying a VC service based on the bearer frame of the VC service described in the first aspect is provided, which is applied to a receiving end and includes:

[0015] Receive the sub-time slot sent by the transmitter;

[0016] Parsing the sub-time slot to extract the bearer frame;

[0017] The S code block, the D code block and the T code block in the bearer frame are parsed to extract the customer content of the VC service carried by the bearer frame, where the VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, an electronic device is provided, including:

[0019] processor;

[0020] a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor;

[0021] The processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the method as described in the second aspect or the third aspect.

[0022] In a fifth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. When the instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor of an electronic device, the electronic device is enabled to execute the method described in the second aspect or the third aspect.

[0023] The bearer frame provided in the embodiment of the present application is composed of an S code block, a D code block, and a T code block. The bearer frame includes an overhead area and a bearer area. The overhead area is used to carry overhead information of the VC service, and the bearer area is used to carry customer content of the VC service. The bearer frame is used to be mapped to a sub-timeslot of the service layer for transmission. One bearer frame is used to carry one VC service, which is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. In this way, when a VC4 service or VC4-N service is carried in a sub-timeslot based on the FlexE protocol standard, the VC4 service or VC4-N service to be carried can be mapped to the bearer frame, and then the bearer frame can be mapped to the sub-timeslot for transmission. In this way, the carrying of the VC4 service or VC4-N service can be realized, and the carrying requirements for the VC4 service or VC4-N service can be met. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the existing FlexE protocol combining four 100G optical modules to form a 400G transmission channel;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the data block transmission format of a 100G service in the related art;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of code blocks included in a fine-grained frame structure in the related art;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a fine-grained frame structure developed in the related art;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of another fine-grained frame structure developed in the related art;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a bearer frame for a VC service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a bearer frame for a VC service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a bearer frame for a VC service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of an overhead area according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application in which the second pointer indication value indicates an increase or decrease of one unit by bit flipping;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application using the majority judgment principle to judge the validity of the second pointer indication value;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application in which a bearer frame of a VC service is mapped into a sub-time slot for transmission;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the VC4 service structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of a VC service bearer frame carrying 2349 bytes of a complete VC4 service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of a bearer frame obtained by multiplexing the H1, H2, and H3 bytes of the AU4 service bearer frame of a VC service in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a VC service bearer frame carrying 2349 bytes of a complete VC4 service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of a bearer frame obtained by multiplexing the H1, H2, and H3 bytes of the AU4 service bearer frame of a VC service in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of a VC service bearer frame carrying 2349 bytes of a complete VC4 service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of a VC service bearer frame carrying 2349 bytes of a complete VC4 service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of a VC4 service bearer frame sent by a transmitting end according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of a VC4-4 service structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of carrying one-Nth of a VC4-N service in a bearer frame of a VC service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of carrying one-Nth of a VC4-N service in a bearer frame of a VC service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of a VC service bearer frame carrying a complete VC4-4 service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 25 This is a schematic diagram of a VC service bearer frame carrying a complete VC4-4 service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of a VC service bearer frame carrying a complete VC4-3 service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 27 This is a schematic diagram of a VC service bearer frame carrying a complete VC4-3 service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 28 This is a schematic diagram of a VC service bearer frame carrying a complete VC4-2 service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 29 This is a schematic diagram of a VC service bearer frame carrying a complete VC4-2 service according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 30 This is a flowchart of a method for carrying VC services according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 31 This is a flowchart of a method for carrying VC services according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 32 This is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a VC service bearer device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 34 It is a structural diagram of a VC service carrying device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The rapid increase in user network information traffic has prompted the rapid development of communication network information transmission bandwidth. The interface bandwidth speed of communication equipment has increased from 10M (unit: bit / second, the same below) to 100M, and then from 100M to 1G and 10G. It has now reached the bandwidth speed of 100G, and a large number of 100G optical modules have begun to be commercialized on the market. 400G optical modules have been developed, but the price of 400G optical modules is expensive, exceeding the price of 4 100G optical modules, affecting the commercial economic value of 400G optical modules. In order to transmit 400G services on 100G optical modules, the International Standards Organization has defined the FlexE protocol. The FlexE protocol combines multiple 100G optical modules to form a high-speed transmission channel, such as Figure 1By combining four 100G optical modules through the FlexE protocol, a 400G transmission channel can be formed, which is equivalent to the transmission speed of one 400G optical module, solving the transmission needs of 400G services without increasing costs.

[0060] For services with a physical layer of 100G, the Ethernet protocol defines that before sending a 100G data message, the data packet message is 64 / 66-encoded, and the 64-bit data block is expanded into a 66-bit information block. The added 2 bits are located in front of the 66-bit block as the start mark of the 66-bit block, and then sent out from the optical port in the form of a 66-bit block. When receiving, the optical port identifies the 66-bit block from the received data stream, and then recovers the original 64-bit data from the 66-bit block and reassembles the data message. The FlexE protocol is below the 64-bit block to 66-bit block conversion layer, and sorts and plans the 66-bit data blocks before sending them. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, for 100G services, every 20 66-bit data blocks are divided into a data block group. Each group contains 20 data blocks, representing 20 time slots. Each time slot represents a service speed of 5G (bit / s) bandwidth. When sending 66-bit data blocks, a FlexE overhead block (such as Figure 2 (The black block in the middle). After inserting the overhead block, data blocks continue to be sent. After sending the second 1023*20 data blocks, another overhead block is inserted, and so on. Overhead blocks are inserted periodically during data block transmission, with the interval between two adjacent overhead blocks being 1023*20 data blocks. For services with a physical line speed of 100G (bit / s), the FlexE protocol divides the physical port into 20 timeslots, so each timeslot corresponds to 5G bandwidth.

[0061] The number of timeslots and bandwidth defined by the FlexE protocol can meet the transmission needs of customer services such as routers and optical transport networks (OTNs). However, applying the FlexE protocol in the packet transport network (PTN) sector presents several challenges: 1. A 100G physical channel has only 20 timeslots, which is too few; 2. The bandwidth of each timeslot is 5G, and the granularity of a single timeslot is too large. The FlexE protocol has a relatively small number of timeslots and a relatively large granularity. The basic characteristics of timeslots are fewer timeslots and larger granularity. In the PTN sector, however, the number of customer services is large, and the bandwidth of each service is relatively small. This means that the number of timeslots is large and the bandwidth granularity of each timeslot is small. This makes the FlexE protocol unsuitable for PTN service applications.

[0062] To address the needs of customers carrying services at speeds slower than 5G, communications network operators have defined technical requirements for fine-grained slicing of packet networks and proposed a fine-grained frame structure. This fine-grained frame structure consists of S-code blocks, D-code blocks, and T-code blocks. These blocks are Ethernet-defined coding blocks. Figure 3 This is the 64 / 66 encoding rule of the Ethernet 802.3 protocol. Each block consists of 66 bits, with the first two bits being the block's synchronization header. A block with a synchronization header of "01" indicates it is a D block (data block). The following eight bytes (64 bits) contain eight bytes of data. A block with a synchronization header of "10" indicates it is a control block. The first byte after the synchronization header indicates the control block type, followed by the next seven bytes, which are determined by the control block type.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, S blocks, T blocks, O blocks, and idle blocks (also called IDLE blocks, I blocks, or I-blocks) all belong to control blocks. The first byte in an S block is 0x78, indicating that the control block type is an S block. The S block represents the first block in a data message block stream. The T block represents the last block in a data message block stream and is the end block of the message. In addition to indicating the end block, the T block can also carry client byte content (located in the last 7 bytes of the block). The Ethernet standard divides T code blocks into eight types: T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, and T7. The first byte of a T0 code block is 0x87, and the T0 code block does not carry any client information (or client content). The first byte of a T1 code block is 0x99, and the T1 code block carries one byte of client information. The first byte of a T2 code block is 0xAA, and the T2 code block carries two bytes of client information. The first byte of a T3 code block is 0xB4, and the T3 code block carries three bytes of client information. The first byte of a T4 code block is 0xCC, and the T4 code block carries four bytes of client information. The first byte of a T5 code block is 0xD2, and the T5 code block carries five bytes of client information. The first byte of a T6 code block is 0xE1, and the T6 code block carries six bytes of client information. The first byte of a T7 code block is 0xFF, and the T7 code block carries seven bytes of client information. The IDLE block (also called the I block) is an idle block or an error indication block, and its first byte (i.e., the control word) is 0x1E. The O block is a maintenance block, and its first byte is 0x4B.

[0064] Currently, different domestic and international standards have established different fine-grain frame (also known as fine-grain bearer frame, small-grain bearer frame, or small-grain frame) formats. Figure 4 It is a fine-grained frame structure developed by China Mobile. The fine-grained frame consists of 1 S code block, 195 D code blocks and 1 T code block. The overhead byte information and 24 sub-time slots are divided on the D code block in a fine-grained frame. Every 20 fine-grained frames organize a multiframe, and there are 480 sub-time slots in a multiframe cycle. Figure 5 It is a fine-grained frame structure in the standard document currently being developed by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The fine-grained frame consists of 1 S code block, 990 D code blocks, and 1 T code block. Overhead byte information and 480 sub-time slots are divided on the D code block in a fine-grained frame. At the same time, 480 fine-grained frames are organized into a multiframe. Each frame in the multiframe transmits the relevant overhead information of a time slot. The relevant overhead information of 480 sub-time slots is transmitted through 480 fine-grained frames in a multiframe.

[0065] Figure 4 and Figure 5 The fine-grained frame shown can be carried on the 5G speed timeslot of the FlexE interface. The fine-grained frame is divided into 480 sub-timeslots, dividing the bearer channel of a 5G speed timeslot into 480 sub-timeslots. Each sub-timeslot has a bandwidth of 10M (actually slightly higher than 10M). Therefore, one sub-timeslot of the fine-grained frame can carry 10M speed customer services, which basically meets the carrying requirements of ordinary Ethernet services (current Ethernet service bandwidths include 10M, 100M, 1G and above, and services greater than 10M are carried using multiple sub-timeslots). When the fine-grained sub-timeslot carries a 10M speed customer service, the 10M customer service is first 64 / 66 encoded. After encoding, some sub-timeslots are selected to carry it. The fine-grained frame is then mapped to the FlexE protocol timeslot and sent out. It is then delivered to the remote destination device through the 5G speed timeslot of the FlexE protocol.

[0066] The aforementioned fine-grained slicing technology for the packet network is required to carry 10M customer services. However, in some application scenarios, the equipment needs to replace SDH equipment and carry various VC services in the SDH system. However, no solution has been considered to achieve the carrying of VC services.

[0067] The embodiment of the present application proposes a bearer frame, a bearing method, an electronic device, and a storage medium for VC services. The bearer frame is composed of an S code block, a D code block, and a T code block. The bearer frame includes an overhead area and a bearer area. The overhead area is used to carry the overhead information of the VC service, and the bearer area is used to carry the customer content of the VC service. The bearer frame is used to be mapped to the sub-timeslot of the service layer for transmission. One bearer frame is used to carry one VC service, and the VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. In this way, when carrying a VC4 service or a VC4-N service in a sub-timeslot based on the FlexE protocol standard, the VC4 service or VC4-N service to be carried can be mapped to the bearer frame, and then the bearer frame can be mapped to the sub-timeslot for transmission. Thus, the carrying of the VC4 service or VC4-N service can be realized, and the carrying requirements for the VC4 service or VC4-N service can be met.

[0068] In order to help those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions of this application, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of this application in conjunction with the drawings of one or more embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0069] The terms "first," "second," and the like in this application and the claims are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a particular order or precedence. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate so that this application can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the term "and / or" in this application and the claims refers to at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the connected objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0070] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a bearer frame for a VC service according to an embodiment of the present application. The bearer frame may be used to carry a VC4 service or a VC4-N service, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0071] like Figure 6As shown, the bearer frame of the VC service provided by the embodiment of the present application is composed of an S code block, a D code block and a T code block. Among them, the S code block, the D code block and the T code block are code blocks of 66 bits in length defined by the Ethernet 802.3 international standard. The S code block is the starting code block of the bearer frame, and the number of S code blocks is 1. The D code block is an intermediate code block of the bearer frame, which is a data code block and can be used to carry customer content. One D code block can carry 8 bytes of customer content. The number of data in the D code block is n (n is an integer greater than 1), which can be determined according to the customer content that needs to be carried. The T code block is an intermediate code block of the bearer frame, and the data in the T code block is 1. Specifically, it can be any one of the T0 code block, T1 code block, T2 code block, T3 code block, T4 code block, T5 code block, T6 code block and T7 code block defined in the Ethernet standard.

[0072] The bearer frame of VC service includes overhead area and bearer area ( Figure 6 (Not shown). The overhead area is used to carry overhead information for VC services (which can be represented as OH, i.e., overhead). The overhead information is used to indicate characteristic information of the bearer frame structure. The overhead area can include multiple bytes, such as 2 bytes, 3 bytes, or 4 bytes, and is not specifically limited here. The overhead area can be located in an S code block, in a D code block (e.g., in the first D code block), or in both an S code block and a D code block (e.g., in both an S code block and the first D code block).

[0073] The bearer area is used to carry customer content of VC services, and can be located in the D code block, or in the S code block and the D code block, or in the D code block and the T code block, or in the S code block, the D code block and the T code block. In some embodiments, the bearer area includes a bearer adjustment area and a fixed bearer area. In other embodiments, the bearer area may only include a fixed bearer area and not include a bearer adjustment area. In the case where the bearer area includes a bearer adjustment area, the bearer adjustment area may be located in the S code block, or in the D code block, or in the S code block and the D code block, and may carry customer content or not. Since the bearer adjustment area may carry or not carry customer content, the bearer adjustment area may be used to adjust the number of bytes carried for customer content. Whether the bearer adjustment area carries customer content can be determined based on the customer service speed that needs to be carried, and is not specifically limited here. The bearer adjustment area may include one or more bytes. When the bearer adjustment area includes multiple bytes, when carrying (or not carrying) customer content, it may be that some of the bytes carry (or not carry) customer content, or it may be that all of the bytes carry (or not carry) customer content, and this is not specifically limited here. When some bytes carry (or not carry) customer content, these bytes may be located at any position in the bearer adjustment area, and this is not specifically limited here. For example, if the bearer adjustment area includes two bytes, and one byte carries customer content and the other does not, it may be that the first byte carries customer content and the second byte does not, or it may be that the first byte does not carry customer content and the second byte carries customer content. In a specific implementation, whether to carry customer content in the bearer adjustment area can be determined based on the customer service speed to be carried, and the overhead information in the overhead area indicates the number of bytes in the bearer adjustment area used to carry customer content. The entire area of ​​the fixed bearer area is used to carry customer content and is not affected by the customer service speed. The fixed bearing area may include multiple bytes and may be located in a D code block, or in an S code block and a D code block, or in a D code block and a T code block, or in an S code block, a D code block and a T code block.

[0074] In some implementations, the bearer frame of a VC service may further include a fixed stuffing area. The fixed stuffing area is an invalid area that does not carry clients and can be set as needed. For example, when the bearer area in the bearer frame is too large, some fixed stuffing areas may be set to reduce the number of bytes in the bearer area used to carry client content, that is, to reduce the number of bytes carried in the effective bearer area. The fixed stuffing area may be located in the D code block, and the number of bytes may be 0 or more. 0 indicates that there is no fixed stuffing area, that is, the bearer area of ​​the bearer frame is just the right size to carry bytes and is not too large. There is no need to set a fixed stuffing area to reduce the size of the effective bearer area.

[0075] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a bearer frame for a VC service according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 The bearer frame shown is composed of 1 S code block, n D code blocks and 1 T code block, where the T code block is a T7 code block. Figure 7 The OH area shown in the figure is located in the S code block and includes 7 bytes in total. Figure 7 The black box shown is located in the first D code block, which is 5 bytes in total. Figure 7 The area where the asterisk box is located) is located in the first D code block, including 2 bytes, the first byte is the - adjustment area, and the second byte is the + adjustment area. Fixed bearing area ( Figure 7 The white box shown) is located in the D code block and the T code block.

[0076] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a bearer frame for a VC service according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 The bearer frame shown is composed of 1 S code block, n D code blocks and 1 T code block, where the T code block is a T7 code block. Figure 8 The OH area shown in the figure is located in the first D code block and includes 5 bytes in total. Figure 8 The area where the black box is located) is located in the first D code block, a total of 1 byte. Figure 8 The area where the asterisk box is located) is located in the first D code block, including 2 bytes, the first byte is the - adjustment area, and the second byte is the + adjustment area. Fixed bearing area ( Figure 8 The white box shown) is located in the D code block and the T code block.

[0077] It should be noted that Figure 7 and Figure 8 This is an exemplary description of the bearer frame of the VC service provided in the embodiment of the present application. In other possible implementations, the structure of the bearer frame may also be Figure 7 and Figure 8 Other forms, such as Figure 7 and Figure 8 The bearer frame shown may not include the bearer adjustment area, or may not include the fixed insertion area, or the T code block may be another type of code block, etc., and examples will not be given here one by one.

[0078] The bearer frame of the VC service can be used to be mapped to the sub-timeslot of the service layer for transmission. One bearer frame can be used to carry one VC4 service or one VC4-N service. Specifically, when a bearer frame is used to carry one VC4-N service, it can be used to carry part of the VC4-N service (such as one-Nth of the service) or all of the VC4-N service. When mapping the bearer frame to the sub-timeslot for transmission, when a bearer frame is used to carry one VC4 service or one-Nth of the VC4-N service, one bearer frame can be mapped to 15 or 16 sub-timeslots for transmission. When a bearer frame is used to carry all of the VC4-N service, one bearer frame can be mapped to N*15 or N*16 sub-timeslots for transmission.

[0079] Based on the bearer frame provided in the embodiment of the present application, when it is necessary to carry a VC4 service or a VC4-N service in a sub-time slot, one VC4 service or VC4-N service to be carried can be mapped to the bearer frame, and then the bearer frame is mapped to the sub-time slot for transmission. In this way, the carrying of the VC4 service or VC4-N service can be realized, meeting the carrying requirements for the VC4 service or VC4-N service.

[0080] In some implementations, the overhead information carried by the overhead area may include at least one of the following:

[0081] SDH frame overhead content, used to carry the regenerator section layer and multiplex section layer overhead;

[0082] The first pointer indication value is used to indicate whether the second pointer indication value has changed abnormally;

[0083] The second pointer indication value is used to indicate the location information of the client's specific content in the bearer frame.

[0084] The SDH frame overhead content, the first pointer indication value, and the second pointer indication value may each include one or more bytes, which is not specifically limited here.

[0085] The overhead of the regeneration section layer and the multiplexing section layer has been explained in the existing standard protocols and will not be described in detail here.

[0086] The second pointer indicator value, also known as the client-specific content location pointer value, can be used to indicate the location of the client service-specific content carried in the bearer frame. This serves as location information. For VC4 services, the client service-specific content can be the first overhead byte (e.g., the J1 byte) within the VC4 service content, or other byte content, without specific limitations here. For VC4-N services, the client service-specific content can be the first N overhead bytes (e.g., N J1 bytes) within the VC4-N service content, or other byte content, without specific limitations here. The location of the client-specific content within the bearer frame can be fluid, and therefore the second pointer indicator value can vary. Typically, changes in the second pointer indicator value are relatively small, representing normal fluctuations and not abnormal changes. However, in abnormal situations (such as service interruptions), the second pointer indicator value can change significantly, representing abnormal fluctuations. To facilitate detection of abnormal fluctuations in the second pointer indicator value, the first pointer indicator value can be used in the overhead area of ​​the bearer frame to indicate whether the second pointer indicator value has changed abnormally.

[0087] Optionally, in some implementations, the overhead information carried by the overhead area may further include at least one of the following:

[0088] Multiframe indication, used to indicate the sequence relationship of multiple bearer frames in a multiframe group;

[0089] Customer number, used to distinguish different bearer frames carrying different customer services;

[0090] Customer type, used to characterize the service type carried by the bearer frame;

[0091] Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) field.

[0092] The multiframe indication, client number, client type and CRC fields may each include one or more bytes, which are not specifically limited here.

[0093] A multiframe group can include multiple bearer frames. For a bearer frame, if it forms a multiframe group with other bearer frames, the bearer frame's overhead information may include a multiframe indicator. The multiframe indicator can be represented by a sequence value, such as frame 0, frame 1, frame 2, frame 3, etc., or by other means. Examples are not provided here.

[0094] Different bearer frames can carry VC services of different customers. When multiple bearer frames carry VC services of multiple customers, the overhead information in each bearer frame can include a customer number to distinguish different bearer frames carrying different customer services by the customer number.

[0095] The customer type is used to indicate the service type of the customer service carried by the bearer frame. For a bearer frame carrying VC service, the overhead information may include the customer type to indicate that the service type carried by the bearer frame is VC4 service or VC4-N service, not VC12, VC3, or VC11 type customer service.

[0096] In actual applications, the overhead information carried in the overhead area can be any one or more of the above-mentioned seven items of overhead information (i.e., SDH frame overhead content, first pointer indicator value, second pointer indicator value, multiframe indicator, customer number, customer type, and CRC field). The specific amount can be determined according to actual business needs and is not specifically limited here. The number of bytes occupied by each overhead information can also be determined according to actual business needs and is not specifically limited here. In a more specific implementation, when the overhead area carries the above-mentioned seven items of overhead information, the overhead area can be as follows: Figure 9 shown. Figure 9 In the overhead area, each overhead information occupies one byte, and each of the seven overhead information occupies 7 bytes, that is, the overhead area occupies a total of 7 bytes. The order of the overhead information in the overhead area can be Figure 9 The order shown can, of course, also be other orders, which is not specifically limited here.

[0097] In the case of the bearer frame of the VC service provided by the embodiment of the present application carrying the VC4 service or the VC4-N service, the bearer area in the bearer frame may include a bearer adjustment area and a fixed bearer area, or may include only the fixed bearer area but not the bearer adjustment area. In the case where the bearer area only includes the fixed bearer area, the overhead area may not include the first pointer indication value and the second pointer indication value, and the customer's specific content is in a fixed position in the bearer area. In the case where the bearer area includes the bearer adjustment area and the fixed bearer area, the overhead area may include the first pointer indication value and the second pointer indication value, so that the second pointer indication value indicates the position information of the customer's specific content in the bearer frame and the first pointer indication value indicates whether the second pointer indication value has undergone abnormal changes.

[0098] In some implementations, when the bearer area includes a bearer adjustment area, the aforementioned second pointer indicator value can also be used to indicate a change in the number of bytes used to carry the customer content in the bearer adjustment area. In other words, the second pointer indicator value can have two functions: first, indicating the location of the customer's specific content in the bearer frame, and second, indicating the number of bytes used to carry the customer content in the bearer adjustment area.

[0099] When the second pointer indicator value indicates the position of the client's specific content in the bearer frame and the number of bytes in the bearer adjustment area used to carry the client's content, in some embodiments, the indication may be performed in the following manner:

[0100] When the second pointer value increases by one, the position information of the client's specific content in the bearer frame moves backward by one unit, and the number of bytes used to carry the client's content in the bearer adjustment area decreases by one unit (the second pointer value increase indication information at this time = the bearer area adjustment decrease information);

[0101] When the second pointer indicates a value decreasing by one, the position information of the client's specific content in the bearer frame moves forward by one unit, and the number of bytes used to carry the client's content in the bearer adjustment area increases by one unit (the second pointer indicates a value decreasing at this time = the bearer area adjustment increase information);

[0102] When the second pointer indication value remains unchanged, the position information of the customer's specific content in the bearer frame remains unchanged, and the number of bytes used to carry the customer content in the bearer adjustment area remains unchanged (the second pointer indication value at this time is stable and unchanged indication information = the bearer area is adjusted to maintain the original stable value).

[0103] The above-mentioned one unit may be one byte or multiple bytes.

[0104] The position information of the client-specific content in the bearer frame is shifted forward or backward by one unit. This can be done by shifting the byte position occupied by the client-specific content in the bearer frame forward or backward by one unit. For example, if the position information of the client-specific content in the bearer frame is the fifth byte of the second D-code block, and assuming that one unit represents one byte, then after the position information of the client-specific content in the bearer frame is shifted forward by one unit, the new position information is the fourth byte of the second D-code block. After the position information of the client-specific content in the bearer frame is shifted backward by one unit, the new position information is the sixth byte of the second D-code block.

[0105] The bearer adjustment area may include at least two units of bytes. For example, when one unit represents one byte, the bearer adjustment area may include at least two bytes, and when one unit represents three bytes, the bearer adjustment area may include at least six bytes. In some embodiments, the bearer adjustment area may include two areas, namely a first adjustment area and a second adjustment area, and the first adjustment area and the second adjustment area may each include one unit of bytes (i.e., each includes one or more bytes). When the second pointer indication value is increased by one, neither the first adjustment area nor the second adjustment area carries customer content. When the second pointer indication value is decreased by one, both the first adjustment area and the second adjustment area carry customer content. When the second pointer indication value remains unchanged, the first adjustment area does not carry customer content, and the second adjustment area carries customer content.

[0106] For easier understanding, see Figure 7 and Figure 8 .exist Figure 7 and Figure 8 The bearer adjustment area consists of two bytes: the - adjustment area and the + adjustment area. The - adjustment area can be considered the first adjustment area mentioned above and consists of one byte, while the + adjustment area can be considered the second adjustment area mentioned above and consists of one byte. Under normal and stable conditions, the second pointer indicates a constant value, and the bearer adjustment area maintains stable bearer mode. In stable bearer mode, the - adjustment area does not carry customer content, and only the + adjustment area carries customer content. This state is called stable bearer mode. When the customer service speed is high and more customer content needs to be carried, the second pointer indicates a decrease of one unit, and the bearer adjustment area changes to an increase bearer mode. In increase bearer mode, both the - adjustment area and the + adjustment area carry customer content, with the - adjustment area carrying an additional unit of customer content compared to the normal stable state. Because the - adjustment area carries one more unit of customer content, all customer content must be moved forward one unit in the bearer area. The customer-specific content (such as the J1 byte) is also moved forward one unit. The new position is the result of the second pointer indicating a decrease of one unit. The second pointer indicates the new position of the customer-specific content. When the customer service speed is relatively slow and less customer content needs to be carried, the second pointer indication value indicates an increase of one unit, and the carrying adjustment area changes to a reduced carrying mode. In the reduced carrying mode, neither the - adjustment area nor the + adjustment area carries customer services, and the + adjustment area carries less customer content than in the normal stable state. Since the carrying adjustment area carries one unit less customer content, all customer content in the carrying area needs to be moved back one unit in turn, and the customer's specific content (such as the J1 byte) is also moved back one unit. The new position is the result of the second pointer indication value being increased by one unit, and the second pointer indication value indicates the new position of the customer's specific content.

[0107] exist Figure 7 and Figure 8In the example, the -adjustment area and the +adjustment area each comprise one byte. In other implementations, the -adjustment area and the +adjustment area may also comprise 2 bytes, 3 bytes, 4 bytes, 5 bytes, 6 bytes, etc. When both the -adjustment area and the +adjustment area are 2 bytes in size, this is equivalent to adding 2 bytes each time the bytes used to carry customer content are increased, and subtracting 2 bytes each time the bytes used to carry customer content are decreased. Similarly, when both the -adjustment area and the +adjustment area are 3 bytes in size, this is equivalent to adding 3 bytes each time the bytes used to carry customer content are increased, and subtracting 3 bytes each time the bytes used to carry customer content are decreased.

[0108] Changes in the second pointer indicator value indicate changes in the number of valid bytes carrying customer content in the bearer adjustment area, specifically, whether the number of valid bytes carrying customer content has increased or decreased compared to the previous number. In practical applications, when the clock frequency of a VC4 or VC4-N service is generally stable, the VC4 or VC4-N service speed is allowed to remain stable within a certain range while meeting clock jitter and drift requirements. Any changes are slow. Accordingly, the number of bytes used to carry customer content in the bearer adjustment area for a VC4 or VC4-N service is generally stable, and any changes are slow. Therefore, changes in the second pointer indicator value are also slow, meaning that the second pointer indicator value changes by only one unit at a time (i.e., by adding or subtracting one). The new second pointer indicator value is typically an increase or decrease from the previous value, with a limited range of variation. Therefore, when the second pointer indicator value changes, it is not necessary to immediately indicate the second pointer indicator value; it is sufficient to indicate whether the change is an increase, decrease, or no change.

[0109] Based on this idea, in some embodiments, the second pointer indication value can indicate the position information of the customer's specific content in the bearer frame and the change in the number of bytes used to carry the customer content in the bearer adjustment area by the change in the value of the bit at a specific position.

[0110] Specifically, taking the example of the second pointer indicator value including W bits (W can be an integer greater than or equal to 4), the W bits can be divided into two groups, namely a first group of bits and a second group of bits (the two groups of bits may have overlapping parts or may not overlap with each other), the first group of bits including P bits (P is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than W), and the second group of bits including Q bits (Q is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than W, and Q and P may be equal or unequal). In the case where at least half of the P bits (rounded up, with a maximum of P) have their bit values ​​flipped, the second pointer indicator value is used to indicate that the position information of the customer's specific content in the bearer frame is moved backward by one unit, and the number of bytes used to carry the customer's content in the bearer adjustment area is reduced by one unit. In the case where at least half of the Q bits (rounded up, with a maximum of Q) have their bit values ​​flipped, the second pointer indicator value is used to indicate that the position information of the customer's specific content in the bearer frame is moved forward by one unit, and the number of bytes used to carry the customer's content in the bearer adjustment area is increased by one unit. When the W bit values ​​remain unchanged, the second pointer indicator value indicates that the location information of the client's specific content in the bearer frame remains unchanged, and the number of bytes used to carry the client content in the bearer adjustment area remains unchanged.

[0111] For ease of understanding, the following Figure 10 Take this as an example to illustrate.

[0112] Figure 10The second pointer indication value shown is a 10-bit value. The 10-bit value can be divided into two groups according to the even position and the odd position. The 5 bits in the even position (i.e., b9, b7, b5, b3, b1) form one group, and the 5 bits in the odd position (i.e., b8, b6, b4, b2, b0) form one group. When the second pointer indication value changes, it is only necessary to provide whether the change information is increased or decreased. For example, a group of 5 bits in the even position can indicate an increase in change indication information, and a group of 5 bits in the odd position can indicate a decrease in change indication information (or, a group of 5 bits in the even position can indicate a decrease in change indication information, and a group of 5 bits in the odd position can indicate an increase in change indication information). When the second pointer indication value needs to be increased by 1, all 5 bits in the even position are flipped, indicating an increase in change indication information. When the second pointer indication value needs to be decreased by 1, all 5 bits in the odd position are flipped, indicating a decrease in change indication information. After a bit flip in the even or odd group, the next value is the new one. After all five bits in the even position flip, the next second pointer indicator value is the previous historical stable value plus one. After all five bits in the odd position flip, the next second pointer indicator value is the previous historical stable value minus one. Bit flips in the even or odd group indicate a new second pointer indicator value. At the receiving end, when the second pointer indicator value is inconsistent with the previous historical value, the bit changes in the even or odd group are analyzed separately. If the bits in the even group flip with the even bits in the previous value, the second pointer indicator value has changed by one, and the new second pointer indicator value is the result of adding one to the previous value. If the bits in the odd group flip with the odd bits in the previous value, the second pointer indicator value has changed by one, and the new second pointer indicator value is the result of subtracting one from the previous value. To avoid misjudgment in the event of a single-bit error, whether the five bits in each group have flipped can be determined by majority rule. For example, if any three of the five bits flip, it is determined that the bits in that group have flipped. If any three bits among the five bits are not flipped, it is determined that the group of bits is not flipped and the original value is retained. In this way, even if two bits of the pointer value are wrong, no misjudgment will occur during transmission.

[0113] It should be noted that the above two implementation methods are used as examples to illustrate how the second pointer indication value indicates the position information of the customer's specific content in the bearer frame and the change in the number of bytes used to carry the customer content in the bearer adjustment area. In other possible implementation methods, other indication methods can also be used for indication. Other possible indication methods will not be given one by one here.

[0114] In some embodiments, the second pointer indicator value can take effect in the current frame. After receiving the bearer frame, the receiving end can determine the location information of the customer's specific content in the current bearer frame and the number of bytes used to carry the customer content in the bearer adjustment area based on the second pointer indicator value in the bearer frame. However, in actual applications, the second pointer indicator value may cause an error due to a bit error, thereby indicating erroneous information. For the receiving end, this will also lead to an erroneous judgment result, causing the receiving end to make an error when performing service bearer recovery based on the second pointer indicator value. In order to reduce the erroneous judgment caused by the bit error, in some embodiments, the sending end can transmit the second pointer indicator value multiple times, and the receiving end can use the majority judgment principle to determine the final second pointer indicator value.

[0115] When the majority judgment principle is used to determine the final second pointer indication value, in some embodiments, the majority judgment principle may be such that, if the second pointer indication values ​​in L bearer frames out of M consecutive bearer frames undergo the same change, the second pointer indication value takes effect in the last frame of the M bearer frames. M is an integer greater than or equal to 3, and L is an integer greater than or equal to M / 2 and less than or equal to M. For example, when M is 3, L may be 2, and when M is 4, L may be 3.

[0116] For easier understanding, see Figure 11 . Figure 11For example, the second pointer indication value takes effect only once every four frames. Specifically, every four consecutive bearer frames can be regarded as a multiframe group, and in each multiframe group, the multiframe sequence values ​​of the four bearer frames are "00", "01", "10", and "11", respectively. For the transmitter, when sending a bearer frame to the receiver, the new second pointer indication value can be transmitted in all four bearer frames of the multiframe group (possibly in the presence of bit errors). At the receiving end, for the bearer frames in a multiframe group, the three bearer frames with multiframe sequence values ​​of "00", "01" and "10" operate according to the historical second pointer indication value, but at the same time, the second pointer indication value carried by these three frames and the frame with a multiframe sequence of "11" is extracted. In the case of a single-bit error, even if a bit error occurs and causes one of the values ​​to be wrong, the other three values ​​are correct and the values ​​are completely consistent. According to the majority judgment principle, the three identical second pointer indication values ​​are the updated second pointer indication values, and the updated second pointer indication value will take effect in the frame with a multiframe sequence value of "11", that is, the updated second pointer indication value is used in the frame with a multiframe sequence value of "11" to determine the location information of the customer-specific content and the number of bytes used to carry the customer content in the bearer adjustment area, and the customer content status carried by the bearer adjustment area is determined according to this value and the customer content is extracted. Since the four frames of "00", "01", "10" and "11" all have second pointer indication values, the second pointer indication values ​​of any three frames are selected from these four second pointer indication values ​​for majority judgment principle and the final second pointer indication value is given. This can reduce the erroneous judgment caused by bit errors, ensure the correctness of the receiving end when restoring the service bearer according to the second pointer indication value, and avoid service errors.

[0117] It should be noted that, for the four carrying frames of the above-mentioned multi-frame group, when using the majority judgment principle to judge the second pointer indication value, in addition to using three frames for judgment, two frames can also be used for judgment. That is to say, as long as the second pointer indication values ​​of at least two frames among the four frames have changed and are consistent, it can be considered that the second pointer indication value has changed and takes effect in the last frame.

[0118] Based on the bearer frame of the VC service provided in the embodiment of the present application, when carrying VC4 service or VC4-N service, the format of the bearer frame can be determined first, and then the VC4 service or VC4-N service can be encapsulated according to the format, that is, the VC4 service or VC4-N service is mapped to the bearer frame, and finally the bearer frame is mapped to the sub-timeslot of the service layer for transmission. Before mapping the bearer frame to the sub-timeslot, idle code blocks and operation, maintenance and management (OAM) code blocks can be inserted between the bearer frames. The specific process can be as follows: Figure 12 shown. Figure 12 In the VC4 or VC4-N service, after mapping the VC4 service or VC4-N service to the bearer frame, a certain number of idle code blocks (IDLE code blocks, or I blocks for short) can be inserted between the bearer frames. In this way, the intermediate network equipment nodes in the network can adapt to the clock deviation between different network equipment nodes by adding or removing idle code blocks. In order to monitor the service quality of the service layer during the bearer transmission process, such as delay time and bit error status, in addition to inserting idle code blocks between the bearer frames, an appropriate number of OAM code blocks (o blocks for short) can also be inserted between the bearer frames. After inserting IDLE blocks and o blocks between the bearer frames, they are sent out through the fine-grained pipe bearer formed by the service layer sub-time slots.

[0119] When determining the format of the bearer frame, specifically, a bearer frame consists of 1 S code block, multiple D code blocks and 1 T code block. The S code block is a frame header flag block, the D code block is a data block, and the T code block is an end flag block. The bearer frame includes an overhead area and a bearer area. The bearer area includes a bearer adjustment area and a fixed bearer area, or the bearer area only includes a fixed bearer area but does not include a bearer adjustment area. The overhead area carries overhead information. The bearer adjustment area is a dynamic area that may or may not carry customer services. The specific decision can be made based on the speed of the customer services that need to be carried. The fixed bearer area carries customer services at all locations and is not affected by the speed of the customer services. Optionally, when the carrying capacity of the bearer frame is too large, a fixed stuffing area can be set in the bearer frame. The fixed stuffing area does not carry customer services. When the carrying capacity of the bearer frame is just right, a fixed stuffing area may not be set in the bearer frame.

[0120] The length of a bearer frame is a key characteristic of a bearer frame. It is determined by the number of D blocks in the bearer frame and is related to the bearer frame's carrying efficiency. The bearer frame's carrying efficiency is the ratio of the number of bytes in the bearer frame used to carry customer services to the total number of bytes in the bearer frame. Because the overhead area, fixed insertion area, control word portion of the S block, and control word portion of the T block in the bearer frame do not carry customer services, the bearer frame's carrying efficiency is less than 100%. Generally speaking, the greater the number of D blocks in a bearer frame, the longer the bearer frame length, and the greater the number of bytes in the bearer frame used to carry customer services, the higher the bearer frame's carrying efficiency. When carrying VC4 or VC4-N services, the required carrying efficiency of the bearer frame can be determined based on the desired VC service's client speed and the selected number of service layer subslots (the number of service layer subslots is equivalent to the total service layer rate). Based on this carrying efficiency requirement, the number of D blocks in the bearer frame is determined, which in turn determines the bearer frame length and ultimately the bearer frame format.

[0121] Figure 13This is the VC4 service structure in the SDH system standard. A VC4 service consists of nine groups, each consisting of one overhead byte and 260 content bytes, totaling 261 bytes per group, and 9 groups totaling 2349 bytes. The first byte of a VC4 service is the J1 byte. The VC4 service speed is 150.336 Mbps. The nominal speed of a sub-timeslot in a fine-grained frame is 10 Mbps (in bit / s), with the actual speed slightly exceeding 10 Mbps. The domestic SPN standard is 10.1 Mbps, which has a 1% bandwidth margin over 10 Mbps. Therefore, at least 15 sub-timeslots are required in a fine-grained frame to carry one VC4 customer service. In some implementations, 15 or 16 sub-timeslots can be used to carry one VC4 service. When 15 sub-timeslots are used to carry one VC4 service, the carrying efficiency of the VC4 service bearer frame must reach at least 150.336 / (15*10.1)=99.2317%, so that 15 10.1M sub-timeslots can carry one VC4 service. When 16 sub-timeslots are used to carry one VC4 service, the carrying efficiency of the VC4 service bearer frame must reach at least 150.336 / (16*10.1)=93.03%, so that 16 10.1M sub-timeslots can carry one VC4 service (if calculated based on a 10M speed per sub-timeslot, the carrying efficiency of the VC4 service bearer frame must reach at least 150.336 / (16*10)=93.96%), so that 16 10M sub-timeslots can carry one VC4 service). Of course, in other possible implementations, more sub-timeslots may be used to carry one VC4 service. The specific number may be determined based on the actual application scenario and is not specifically limited here. The embodiments of this application are described using 15 or 16 sub-timeslots carrying one VC4 service as an example.

[0122] In the case where a bearer frame is used to carry a VC4 service, in some implementations, a bearer frame may be composed of 1 S code block, 293 D code blocks, and 1 T code block. The overhead area of ​​the bearer frame may be located in the S code block, and the bearer area of ​​the bearer frame may be located in the S code block, the D code block, and the T code block. The bearer area includes a 6-byte bearer adjustment area and a 2346-byte fixed bearer area. The first 3 bytes of the bearer adjustment area are the first adjustment area, and the last 3 bytes are the second adjustment area. The fixed bearer area includes 782 groups of bytes, each group of bytes includes 3 bytes, and the J1 byte of the VC4 service is located in the first position of one of the groups of bytes. For details, please refer to Figure 14 .

[0123] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing 2349 bytes of a complete VC4 service carried in a VC4 service bearer frame. Figure 14The bearer frame shown in the figure consists of 1 S code block, 293 D code blocks and 1 T code block. The overhead area of ​​the bearer frame includes 6 bytes ( Figure 14 OH area in the frame), and the overhead area is located in the S code block. The bearer adjustment area of ​​the bearer frame consists of the -adjustment area and the +adjustment area. The -adjustment area includes 3 bytes, and the +adjustment area includes 3 bytes. The two adjustment areas have a total adjustment capacity of 6 byte units. There are 3*782=2346 bytes of fixed bearer area in the bearer area. In practical applications, the bearer area can be grouped, and every three adjacent bytes are a group, that is, the 3 bytes of the -adjustment area are a group, and the 3 bytes of the +adjustment area are a group. Every three consecutive bytes in the fixed bearer area are a group, and 2346 bytes are divided into 782 groups, that is, the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd bytes are 1 group, the 4th, 5th, and 6th bytes are 1 group, the 7th, 8th, and 9th bytes are 1 group, and so on. The 2344th, 2345th, and 2346th bytes are 1 group. Figure 14 The overhead byte J1 in the VC4 service can be located at a fixed byte position in one of the bytes in the fixed bearer area, for example Figure 14 As shown, the J1 byte is fixed at the first byte position of the second group of bytes.

[0124] Figure 14 When the bearer frame is carrying data normally, the -adjustment area does not carry customer services, and the customer services are carried in the 2346 byte positions of the +adjustment and fixed bearing areas, with a total of 2349 byte positions carrying customer services. In this way, a bearer frame can just carry 2349 bytes of a VC4 service. In this case, the carrying efficiency of the bearer frame is 99.53% (without considering the insertion of idle code blocks), which can meet the 99.2317% carrying efficiency requirement. When a complete VC4 service content is carried in a bearer frame, the VC4 service can float in every 3 bytes in the bearer frame. The group number of the first J1 byte of the VC4 service is not fixed, but the position in the group is fixed, for example, only the first byte position in the group. The customer-specific content position pointer value (i.e., the second pointer indication value) in the overhead area can indicate the number position of the group where the J1 byte is located. Figure 14 In the example, the J1 byte is located at the first byte position of the second D code block in the bearer frame. If the - adjustment area position is taken as the reference, the - adjustment area position is defined as the 0th group byte position, then the + adjustment area position is the 1st group byte position, and so on. Figure 14The J1 byte position in the overhead area is the third group of byte positions, and the customer-specific content location pointer value in the overhead area can be equal to 3. At the receiving end, when the customer-specific content location pointer value is extracted and is 3, the customer-specific content location pointer value is the same as the previous value and has not changed. In this case, it can be determined that the - adjustment area does not carry customer services, and customer services are carried starting from the + adjustment area. That is, the VC4 service is carried in the 2346 byte positions of the + adjustment area and the fixed carrying area, and the first J1 byte in the customer service is at the first byte position in the third group of byte positions.

[0125] When the VC4 customer service speed is relatively slow, the customer-specific content position pointer value increases by 1. In the bearer frame of the VC4 service, neither the - adjustment area nor the + adjustment area carries customer services. Only the 2346-byte fixed bearer area carries customer services. Each VC4 service bearer frame carries only 2346 bytes of VC4 services, reducing the number of carried customer services and adapting to the slow VC4 service speed. The first J1 byte position in the customer service also lags behind by one group position.

[0126] When the speed of the VC4 customer service is relatively high, the customer-specific content position pointer value is reduced by 1. In the VC4 service bearer frame, the - adjustment area, the + adjustment area, and the 2346-byte fixed bearer area all carry customer services. Each VC4 service bearer frame carries a total of 2352 bytes of VC4 services. The bearer space becomes larger to adapt to the faster VC4 service. The first J1 byte position in the customer service is also moved forward by one group position to carry the service.

[0127] In the SDH architecture, an AU4 consists of 2349 bytes, including H1, H2, and H3 bytes, and VC4. H1 is a single byte with a valid value (the contents of the second and third H1 bytes are ignored and invalid, equivalent to the absence of the second and third H1 bytes). H2 is a single byte (the contents of the second and third H2 bytes are ignored and invalid, equivalent to the absence of the second and third H2 bytes). The H3 byte position is three bytes. The H1 and H2 bytes form a pointer value, indicating the position of the J1 byte relative to the H3 byte in the AU4. When the pointer value of the combined H1 and H2 bytes decreases, the three bytes of H3 carry customer traffic, and the J1 byte position moves forward by three bytes. When the pointer value of the combined H1 and H2 bytes remains unchanged, the three bytes of H3 do not carry customer traffic, and the area after the three bytes of H3 begins to carry customer traffic, while the J1 byte position remains unchanged. When the pointer value of the combination of the H1 byte and the H2 byte increases, the three byte positions of H3 and the three byte positions after the H3 byte position do not carry customer services, the byte area after the three byte position of H3 starts to carry customer services, and the J1 byte position lags behind by 3 bytes. It can be seen that the function of the pointer value of the combination of the H1 byte and the H2 byte of AU4 is equivalent to the function of the customer-specific content position pointer value (i.e., the second pointer indication value) in the embodiment of the present application, the H3 byte position is equivalent to the -adjustment area, and the first three bytes after the H3 byte position are equivalent to the +adjustment area. In this way, when generating the bearer frame of the VC4 service, the three-byte content of the H1 byte, H2 byte, and H3 of AU4 and the 2349 bytes of VC4 can be copied to the VC4 bearer frame. For example Figure 15 As shown, the H1 byte and H2 byte are placed in the customer-specific content location pointer value in the overhead area, the three bytes of H3 are placed in the -adjustment area, and all VC4 bytes after H3 in AU4 are placed in sequence in the area after the H3 byte position of the VC4 service bearer frame (including the +adjustment area and the fixed bearer area).

[0128] Figure 14 or Figure 15 When the bearer frame shown is mapped to sub-time slots for transmission, one such bearer frame may be mapped to 15 or 16 sub-time slots.

[0129] Figure 14 The bearer frame shown consists of 1 S code block, 293 D code blocks, and 1 T code block. If the overhead is located on the first D code block, the bearer frame can consist of 1 S code block, 294 D code blocks, and 1 T code block, as shown in Figure 16 shown. Figure 16 The bearer frame shown is compared to Figure 14 For the bearer frame shown in FIG. 1 , an additional D code block is added, and the overhead bytes are delayed from being located in the S code block to being located in the D code block.

[0130] Figure 15 The bearer frame shown consists of 1 S code block, 293 D code blocks, and 1 T code block. If the overhead is located on the first D code block, the bearer frame can consist of 1 S code block, 294 D code blocks, and 1 T code block, as shown in Figure 17 shown. Figure 17 The bearer frame shown is compared to Figure 15 For the bearer frame shown in FIG. 1 , an additional D code block is added, and the overhead bytes are delayed from being located in the S code block to being located in the D code block.

[0131] Figure 16 or Figure 17 When the bearer frame shown is mapped to sub-time slots for transmission, one such bearer frame can be mapped to 16 sub-time slots.

[0132] It should be noted that Figures 14 to 17 In the bearer frame shown, both the -Adjustment Area and the +Adjustment Area consist of 3 bytes. Therefore, the bearer adjustment area has an adjustment capacity of 3 bytes. That is, when the client-specific content position pointer value increases or decreases by 1, the bytes carrying the client content can be reduced or increased by 3 bytes. In other possible implementations, the -Adjustment Area and the +Adjustment Area can also consist of other numbers of bytes. By flexibly setting the number of bytes in the -Adjustment Area and the +Adjustment Area, the adjustment capacity of the bearer adjustment area can be flexibly adjusted to adapt to changes in client service speeds.

[0133] When mapping the bearer frames of VC4 services to sub-time slots, an appropriate amount of idle code blocks can be inserted between the bearer frames (to meet the bearer efficiency, not too many can be inserted). The intermediate devices in the network adapt the code block rate to the speed of the device clock by adding and deleting idle code blocks. Figure 14 Or the bearer frame shown in 15, when inserting idle code blocks, 7 idle code blocks can be inserted between every 8 bearer frames. After inserting the idle code blocks, the equivalent carrying efficiency of the VC4 service bearer frame will be reduced (the idle code blocks are counted into the bearer frame). The reduced carrying efficiency can still achieve the expected carrying efficiency of 99.2317%. Similarly, for the above Figure 16 Or the bearer frame shown in 17, when inserting idle code blocks, an appropriate amount of idle code blocks can also be inserted. There is no limit on the specific number of idle code blocks inserted here, as long as the bearing efficiency after inserting the idle code blocks can reach 93.03% (or 93.96%).

[0134] In the above Figures 14 to 17In the illustrated embodiment, the speed (i.e., rate) of the VC4 service bearer frame and the speed of the sub-timeslot are derived from the same source. The two operating clocks originate from the same clock source and vary in speed synchronously. When the co-sourced clock drifts faster, the speed of the bearer frame and the speed of the sub-timeslot increase synchronously; when the co-sourced clock drifts slower, the speed of the bearer frame and the speed of the sub-timeslot decrease synchronously. The speed of the VC4 service is derived from the client service. There is no relationship between the speed of the client service and the speed of the VC4 service bearer frame. The speed deviation between the speed of the client service and the speed of the VC4 service bearer frame needs to be adapted via the bearer adjustment area (-adjustment area and +adjustment area) to accommodate the speed deviation between the two. In some embodiments, an improved scheme for the VC4 service bearer frame is provided that synchronizes the speed of the VC4 service bearer frame with the speed of the VC4 client service. Specifically, the clocks of the VC4 service bearer frame and the clocks of the VC4 client service originate from the same clock and vary synchronously. Thus, the speed of the VC4 service bearer frame and the speed of the VC4 client service are synchronized, eliminating the need to adapt to the speed deviation between the two. In this case, each VC4 service bearer frame can just carry a complete VC4 service. The bearer adjustment area may not be set in the bearer frame, and only a fixed bearer area may be set. The size of the fixed bearer area is equal to the total number of bytes of a complete VC4 service, 2349.

[0135] In the case where the bearer adjustment area is not set in the VC4 service bearer frame and one bearer frame carries a complete VC4 service, in some implementations, the VC4 service bearer frame may be as follows: Figure 18 shown.

[0136] Figure 18 The bearer frame shown is composed of 1 S code block, 293 D code blocks and 1 T code block. The overhead area of ​​the bearer frame is located in the D code block, and the bearer area is located in the D code block and the T code block. The bearer area only includes a fixed bearer area of ​​2349 bytes, and does not include a bearer adjustment area. When carrying VC4 services, the VC4 service can be carried in the bearer frame starting from the first byte (or other fixed byte). One bearer frame just carries a complete VC4 service. In each bearer frame, each byte in the VC4 service is in a fixed position in the bearer. For example Figure 18 In the VC4 service, the J1 byte is always located at the first byte position in the fixed bearer area of ​​the bearer frame.

[0137] because Figure 18 The bearer frame shown does not include a bearer adjustment area. Therefore, the overhead field does not require the first pointer indication value and the second pointer indication value, that is, the specific content location pointer value field is not required. This simplifies the structure of the VC4 bearer frame.

[0138] Figure 18The bearer frame shown in FIG1 is composed of 1 S code block, 293 D code blocks, and 1 T code block. If the overhead is located on the first S code block, the bearer frame can be composed of 1 S code block, 292 D code blocks, and 1 T code block, as shown in FIG12. Figure 19 shown. Figure 19 The bearer frame shown is compared to Figure 18 For the bearer frame shown in FIG, one D code block is missing, and the overhead bytes are moved forward from being located in the D code block to being located in the S code block.

[0139] Figure 18 or Figure 19 When the bearer frame shown is mapped to sub-time slots for transmission, one such bearer frame may be mapped to 15 or 16 sub-time slots.

[0140] above Figure 18 and Figure 19 The improved scheme for the VC4 service bearer frame structure shown in the figure synchronizes the speed of the VC4 service bearer frame with the speed of the VC4 client service, omits the content of the specific content location pointer value in the bearer adjustment area and overhead field in the bearer frame, and simplifies the structure and implementation complexity of the VC4 service bearer frame.

[0141] When the speed of a VC4 service bearer frame is synchronized with the speed of a VC4 client service, the speed of the VC4 service bearer frame will be out of sync with the speed of the service layer sub-timeslot. This will result in a clock offset between the VC4 service bearer frame and the service layer sub-timeslot, and this clock offset needs to be accommodated. Because some IDLE blocks need to be inserted between VC4 service bearer frames to meet the needs of network intermediate equipment for IDLE addition and deletion operations, in some embodiments, the clock offset between the VC4 service bearer frame and the service layer sub-timeslot can be accommodated by inserting IDLE blocks. In a scheme for clock synchronization between VC4 service bearer frames and service layer sub-timeslots, the number of inserted IDLE blocks is fixed, with the number of bearer frames and the number of IDLE blocks being inserted in a fixed ratio (e.g., m:n, where n IDLE blocks are inserted between every m bearer frames, where m and n are positive integers). In an improved scheme for the VC4 service bearer frame structure, because the clock offset between the VC4 service bearer frame and the service layer sub-timeslot exists, the number of inserted IDLE blocks fluctuates, allowing the number of inserted IDLE blocks to be flexibly adjusted based on the speed of the bearer frame and the clock offset between the service layer sub-timeslots. Specifically, when the bearer frame speed decreases compared to the service layer sub-timeslot speed, more IDLE blocks can be inserted. When the bearer frame speed increases compared to the service layer sub-timeslot speed, fewer IDLE blocks can be inserted. This flexible insertion of IDLE blocks ensures that the total block speed (the sum of the number of blocks in the VC4 service bearer frame and the number of IDLE blocks) equals the block speed required by the service layer sub-timeslot speed.

[0142] In order to adapt to the clock deviation between the VC4 service bearer frame and the service layer sub-timeslot, in some embodiments, when the transmitting end uses the VC4 service bearer frame to carry the VC4 service and uses the sub-timeslot to transmit the bearer frame, the specific implementation method can be as follows: Figure 20 As shown. Figure 20 In the illustrated implementation, the transmitter can receive each VC4 service, with each VC4 service bearer frame carrying only one VC4 service. Each byte in the VC4 service bearer frame is positioned at a fixed position within the VC4 service bearer frame, thus synchronizing the VC4 service bearer frame rate with the VC4 service rate. When mapping the VC4 service bearer frame into a sub-timeslot, depending on the VC4 service bearer frame speed, if the VC4 service bearer frame and the sub-timeslot are inconsistent, the gap between the two VC4 service bearer frames is uncertain. A corresponding number of IDLE blocks is inserted based on the gap between the two VC4 service bearer frames, filling the gap between the two VC4 service bearer frames with the number of IDLE blocks. In a specific implementation, a certain number of VC4 bytes can be reserved for reception. Then, while receiving VC4 services, the VC4 services can be encapsulated into VC4 service bearer frames and transmitted in sub-timeslots. This ensures that a complete VC4 service bearer frame is transmitted continuously without interruption, as long as the VC4 service bearer frame content is continuously transmitted before the VC4 service bearer frame is transmitted. After a VC4 service bearer frame is sent, an IDLE code block is inserted into the idle time segment before the next VC4 service bearer frame is allowed to be sent.

[0143] In the SDH system, there is a VC real cascade service that cascades multiple VC services together to achieve a higher-speed VC service. This is generally VC4 real cascade, which cascades N VC4 services to form a VC4-N service (N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, such as 2, 3, or 4. VC4-4 is commonly used, that is, N is 4). Taking the VC4-N service as an example, the VC4-4 service can be formed by cascading 4 VC4s, which is 4 times the speed of a single VC4 service. Figure 21 As shown in FIG. 1 , all bytes in the four VC4 services are aligned, and then the four VC4 services are interleaved in byte units to become VC4-4 services. In the SDH system, the VC4-4 service is transmitted as a whole, that is, the four VC4s are transmitted synchronously and in parallel.

[0144] When carrying VC4-N services, one bearer frame can carry one-Nth of a VC4-N service, N bearer frames can carry all of the VC4-N service, or one bearer frame can carry all of the VC4-N service. When one bearer frame carries one-Nth of a VC4-N service, the bearer frame structure can be the same as that of the VC4 service bearer frame.

[0145] In some embodiments, when one bearer frame is used to carry one-Nth of a VC4-N service, and N bearer frames are used to carry all of the services of a VC4-N service, one bearer frame may consist of one S code block, 293 D code blocks, and one T code block. The overhead area of ​​the bearer frame is located in the D code block, and the bearer area is located in the D code block and the T code block. The bearer area only includes the fixed bearer area and does not include the bearer adjustment area. The fixed bearer area includes 2349 bytes. The specific content of the VC4-N service (e.g., N J1 bytes) is located at a fixed position in the N bearer frames. This position can be indicated by an overhead field in the overhead area. In addition, since the bearer area does not include the bearer adjustment area, the overhead area may not include a second pointer indicator value (or it may include a second pointer indicator value, but the second pointer indicator value is only used to indicate the position information of the specific content of the VC4-N service (e.g., N and J1 bytes) in the bearer frame, and is not used to indicate changes in the number of bytes in the bearer adjustment area used to carry customer content).

[0146] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of carrying one-Nth of a VC4-N service in a VC service bearer frame according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 22 The bearer frame shown consists of 1 S code block, 293 D code blocks, and 1 T code block. The overhead area (OH area) is located in the first D code block and includes 2 bytes. The bearer area is located in the D code block and the T code block and only includes a fixed bearer area of ​​2349 bytes ( Figure 22 (white box area in the figure). Figure 22 In the VC4-N service, each byte is stored in a fixed position in the bearer frame. Taking the VC4-4 service as an example, the four consecutive J1 bytes can always be located in the four byte positions after the overhead byte position, that is, the 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th byte positions in the first D code block ( Figure 22 Four J1 bytes are shown, corresponding to VC4-4 services. For other VC4-N services, the number of J1 bytes is N, and they may always be located at the first N byte positions after the overhead byte position). Figure 22The carrying capacity of the bearer frame in is 2349 bytes, which is one-fourth of the N*2349 bytes of VC4-N services. Therefore, N consecutive bearer frames can carry all the services of VC4-N, that is, N*2349 bytes. The overhead field of the bearer frame can indicate in which bearer frame the N J1 bytes in VC4-N are located. For example, the multiframe indication in the overhead area is used to indicate the sequential relationship of each frame in a multiframe group, generally represented by a sequence value, such as frame 0, frame 1, frame 2, frame 3... When the sequence value appears in the form of 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3..., it can be agreed that the J1 byte is located in a fixed sequence value, for example, J1 is located in a VC4-N bearer frame with a sequence value of 0. In other implementations, other overhead fields can also be used to indicate the bearer frame where J1 is located.

[0147] Figure 22 When carrying VC4-N services, the bearer frame shown can begin carrying the VC4-N service from the first J1 byte (or another fixed byte) within the bearer frame. A bearer frame ends after carrying exactly 2349 bytes, and then begins carrying the remaining VC4-N services in the next bearer frame, and so on, until the Nth bearer frame has carried N*2349 bytes of the VC4-N service. In each bearer frame, each byte of the VC4-N service is at a fixed position within the bearer frame. Therefore, the bearer frame does not require a bearer adjustment area, and the overhead field does not require a specific content location pointer value field, thereby simplifying the bearer frame structure.

[0148] Figure 22 The bearer frame shown in FIG1 is composed of 1 S code block, 293 D code blocks, and 1 T code block. If the overhead is located on the first S code block, the bearer frame can be composed of 1 S code block, 292 D code blocks, and 1 T code block, as shown in FIG12. Figure 23 shown. Figure 23 The bearer frame shown is compared to Figure 22 For the bearer frame shown in FIG, one D code block is missing, and the overhead bytes are moved forward from being located in the D code block to being located in the S code block.

[0149] Figure 22 or Figure 23 When the bearer frame shown is mapped to a sub-timeslot for transmission, one such bearer frame can be mapped to 15 or 16 sub-timeslots for transmission. In the case where N such bearer frames carry the complete service of the VC4-N service, the N bearer frames can be mapped to N*15 or N*16 sub-timeslots for transmission.

[0150] Figure 22 or Figure 23The speed of the bearer frame shown is synchronized with the speed of the VC4-N client service, but not with the clock between server layer sub-timeslots. To accommodate this discrepancy, in practical applications, each VC4-N service bearer frame can be mapped to a sub-timeslot for each received VC4-N service content. Depending on the VC4-N bearer frame speed, when the speed of the VC4-N service bearer frame and the sub-timeslot speed are inconsistent, the gap between the two consecutive VC4-N service bearer frames is uncertain. A corresponding number of idle blocks is inserted based on the gap between the two VC4-N service bearer frames to fill the gap between the two consecutive VC4-N service bearer frames. In specific implementations, a certain number of VC4-N bytes are reserved for reception. This allows VC4-N services to be received, encapsulated into VC4-N service bearer frames, and transmitted in sub-timeslots simultaneously. This ensures that a complete VC4-N service bearer frame is transmitted continuously without interruption, as long as the VC4-N service bearer frame content is continuously transmitted before the VC4-N service bearer frame is transmitted. When a VC4-N service bearer frame is sent, an IDLE code block is inserted into the idle time segment before the next VC4-N service bearer frame is allowed to be sent.

[0151] It should be noted that Figure 22 and Figure 23 The bearer adjustment area is not set in the bearer frame of the VC4-N service shown. In some implementations, a bearer area can also be set in the bearer frame of the VC4-N service. For example, Figures 14 to 17 The bearer frame shown in any embodiment can also carry one-Nth of the VC4-N service. N such bearer frames can carry all the VC4-N services.

[0152] The bearer frame provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be used to carry all services of a VC4-N service. The following uses N as 2, 3, or 4 as an example to illustrate the possible frame structure of the VC4-N service bearer frame when carrying all services of the VC4-N service.

[0153] When N is 4 and a bearer frame is used to carry all services of a VC4-4 service, in some implementations, a bearer frame may consist of one S code block, 1174 D code blocks, and one T code block. The bearer frame's overhead area is located in the D code block. The bearer area is located between the D code block and the T code block. The bearer area does not include the bearer adjustment area and only includes a 9396-byte fixed bearer area. The four J1 bytes of the VC4-4 service are located in a fixed position in the fixed bearer area, which may be the first four bytes of the bearer area.

[0154] See Figure 24 . Figure 24The VC-4 service bearer shown consists of one S code block, 1174 D code blocks, and one T code block. The bearer frame's overhead area (OH area) is located in the first D code block and consists of three bytes. The bearer area is located between the D code block and the T code block. The bearer area does not include the bearer adjustment area and consists only of the 9396-byte fixed bearer area (white box). The four J1 bytes of the VC4-4 service are located in the first four bytes of the fixed bearer area.

[0155] Figure 24 The bearer frame shown consists of 1 S code block, 1174 D code blocks, and 1 T code block. If the overhead is located on the first S code block, the bearer frame can consist of 1 S code block, 1173 D code blocks, and 1 T code block, as shown in Figure 25 shown. Figure 25 The bearer frame shown is compared to Figure 24 For the bearer frame shown in FIG, one D code block is missing, and the overhead bytes are moved forward from being located in the D code block to being located in the S code block.

[0156] Figure 24 or Figure 25 When the bearer frame shown is mapped to the sub-time slot for transmission, one such bearer frame can be mapped to 4*15 or 4*16 sub-time slots for transmission. Figure 24 or Figure 25 When the bearer frame shown carries VC4-4 services, it can receive VC4-4 services while encapsulating the VC4-4 services into VC4-4 service bearer frames and simultaneously transmitting the VC4-4 service bearer frames in sub-timeslots. This is achieved by ensuring that a continuous stream of VC4-4 service bearer frames is transmitted before the VC4-4 service bearer frames are completed. This ensures that a complete VC4-4 service bearer frame is continuously transmitted without interruption. After a VC4-4 service bearer frame is transmitted, an IDLE block is inserted into the idle time segment before the next VC4-4 service bearer frame is allowed to be transmitted.

[0157] When N is 3 and a single bearer frame carries all services of a VC4-3 service, in some implementations, a bearer frame may consist of one S code block, 881 D code blocks, and one T code block. The bearer frame's overhead area is located within the D code block. The bearer area is located within the D code block and the T code block. The bearer area does not include the bearer adjustment area and consists only of a 7047-byte fixed bearer area. The three J1 bytes of the VC4-3 service are located in a fixed position in the fixed bearer area, which may be the first three bytes of the bearer area.

[0158] See Figure 26 . Figure 26The VC-3 service bearer shown consists of one S code block, 881 D code blocks, and one T code block. The bearer frame's overhead area (OH area) is located in the first D code block and consists of 8 bytes. The bearer area is located between the D code block and the T code block. The bearer area does not include the bearer adjustment area and only includes the 7047-byte fixed bearer area (white box area). The three J1 bytes of the VC4-3 service are located in the first three bytes of the fixed bearer area.

[0159] Figure 26 The bearer frame shown consists of 1 S code block, 881 D code blocks, and 1 T code block. If the overhead is located on the first S code block, the bearer frame can consist of 1 S code block, 880 D code blocks, and 1 T code block, as shown in Figure 27 shown. Figure 27 The bearer frame shown is compared to Figure 26 For the bearer frame shown in FIG, one D code block is missing, and the overhead bytes are moved forward from being located in the D code block to being located in the S code block.

[0160] Figure 26 or Figure 27 When the bearer frame shown is mapped to the sub-time slot for transmission, one such bearer frame can be mapped to 3*15 or 3*16 sub-time slots for transmission. Figure 26 or Figure 27 When the bearer frame shown carries VC4-3 services, it can receive VC4-3 services while encapsulating the VC4-3 services into VC4-3 service bearer frames and simultaneously transmitting the VC4-3 service bearer frames in sub-timeslots. This is achieved by ensuring that a continuous stream of VC4-3 service bearer frames is transmitted before the VC4-3 service bearer frames are completed. This ensures that a complete VC4-3 service bearer frame is continuously transmitted without interruption. After a VC4-3 service bearer frame is transmitted, an IDLE block is inserted into the idle time segment before the next VC4-3 service bearer frame is allowed to be transmitted.

[0161] When N is 2 and a single bearer frame carries all services of a VC4-2 service, in some implementations, a bearer frame may consist of one S code block, 587 D code blocks, and one T code block. The bearer frame's overhead area is located within the D code block. The bearer area is located within the D code block and the T code block. The bearer area does not include the bearer adjustment area and consists only of a 4698-byte fixed bearer area. The two J1 bytes of the VC4-2 service are located in a fixed position in the fixed bearer area, which may be the first two bytes of the bearer area.

[0162] See Figure 28 . Figure 28The VC-2 service bearer shown consists of one S code block, 587 D code blocks, and one T code block. The bearer frame's overhead area (OH area) is located in the first D code block and consists of 5 bytes. The bearer area is located between the D code block and the T code block. The bearer area does not include the bearer adjustment area and consists only of the 4698-byte fixed bearer area (white box). The two J1 bytes of the VC4-2 service are located in the first two bytes of the fixed bearer area.

[0163] Figure 28 The bearer frame shown consists of 1 S code block, 587 D code blocks, and 1 T code block. If the overhead is located on the first S code block, the bearer frame can consist of 1 S code block, 586 D code blocks, and 1 T code block, as shown in Figure 29 shown. Figure 29 The bearer frame shown is compared to Figure 28 For the bearer frame shown in FIG, one D code block is missing, and the overhead bytes are moved forward from being located in the D code block to being located in the S code block.

[0164] Figure 28 or Figure 29 When the bearer frame shown is mapped to the sub-time slot for transmission, one such bearer frame can be mapped to 2*15 or 2*16 sub-time slots for transmission. Figure 28 or Figure 29 When the bearer frame shown carries VC4-2 services, it can receive VC4-2 services while encapsulating the VC4-2 services into VC4-2 service bearer frames and simultaneously transmitting the VC4-2 service bearer frames in sub-timeslots. This is achieved by ensuring that a continuous stream of VC4-2 service bearer frames is transmitted before the VC4-2 service bearer frames are completed. This ensures that a complete VC4-2 service bearer frame is continuously transmitted without interruption. After a VC4-2 service bearer frame is transmitted, an IDLE block is inserted into the idle time segment before the next VC4-2 service bearer frame is allowed to be transmitted.

[0165] It should be noted that the above Figures 24 to 29 The bearer adjustment area is not set in the bearer frame of the VC4-N service shown. In some implementations, a bearer area can also be set in the bearer frame of the VC4-N service. The number of bytes included in the bearer adjustment area and the number of bytes used to carry customer content in the bearer adjustment area can be determined according to actual bearer requirements. For example, Figure 24The bearer frame shown can add a D code block. The overhead area is located in the first D code block and includes 8 bytes. The bearer adjustment area is located in the first six bytes of the first D code block. Of these six bytes, the first 3 bytes are the - adjustment area and the last 3 bytes are the + adjustment area. The bytes following the bearer adjustment area are all fixed bearer areas, which total 2346 bytes. During normal bearing, the - adjustment area does not carry customer content, while the + adjustment area and the 2346-byte fixed bearer area carry customer content. When the speed of the VC4-4 service is relatively high, the - adjustment area, the + adjustment area, and the 2346-byte fixed bearer area are used to carry customer content. When the speed of the VC4-4 service is relatively low, the - adjustment area and the + adjustment area do not carry customer content, and only the 2346-byte fixed bearer area carries customer content. For the bearer frames of VC4-3 and VC4-2 services, the bearer adjustment area can also be set based on the same idea, and examples will not be given here one by one.

[0166] above Figures 14 to 19 、 Figures 22 to 29 The bearer frame shown is an exemplary description of the bearer frame of the VC service provided in the embodiment of the present application. In other possible implementations, the bearer frame of the VC service may also be Figures 14 to 19 、 Figures 22 to 29 Bearer frame formats other than those shown, or Figures 14 to 19 、 Figures 22 to 29 Other variations of the bearer frame shown are not described here one by one. Figures 14 to 17 The bearer adjustment area in the bearer frame shown is illustrated by taking 6 bytes as an example. In other possible implementations, it may also include more bytes, which will not be illustrated one by one here.

[0167] The bearer frame provided in the embodiment of the present application is composed of an S code block, a D code block, and a T code block. The bearer frame includes an overhead area and a bearer area. The overhead area is used to carry overhead information of the VC service, and the bearer area is used to carry customer content of the VC service. The bearer frame is used to be mapped to a sub-timeslot of the service layer for transmission. One bearer frame is used to carry one VC service, which is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. In this way, when a VC4 service or VC4-N service is carried in a sub-timeslot based on the FlexE protocol standard, the VC4 service or VC4-N service to be carried can be mapped to the bearer frame, and then the bearer frame can be mapped to the sub-timeslot for transmission. In this way, the carrying of the VC4 service or VC4-N service can be realized, and the carrying requirements for the VC4 service or VC4-N service can be met.

[0168] Based on the bearer frame of the VC service provided in the embodiment of the present application, when carrying VC4 service or VC4-N service, for the transmitting end, its bearing method can be as follows: Figure 30 shown.

[0169] Figure 30 It is a flowchart of a method for carrying VC services according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 30 The shown bearing method may be executed by a sending end, and may specifically include the following steps.

[0170] S302: Map the VC service to be carried into a bearer frame, where the VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service.

[0171] The bearer frame here is the bearer frame of the VC service provided in the embodiment of the present application. The specific structure of the bearer frame can be found in the above Figures 6 to 29 The embodiment shown will not be described in detail here.

[0172] When carrying VC4 services or VC4-N services, the transmitting end can map the VC4 services or VC4-N services to be carried into the corresponding bearer frames. One VC service can be mapped into one bearer frame.

[0173] For example, when VC4 services need to be carried, VC4 services can be mapped to Figures 14 to 19 In any of the bearer frames shown in the embodiments, when VC4-N services need to be carried, the VC4-N services can be mapped to Figure 22 or Figure 23 In the bearer frame shown in FIG. , if VC4-4 services need to be carried, the VC4-4 services can be mapped to Figure 24 or Figure 25 In the bearer frame shown in FIG. , if VC4-3 services need to be carried, the VC4-3 services can be mapped to Figure 26 or Figure 27 In the bearer frame shown in FIG. , if VC4-2 services need to be carried, the VC4-2 services can be mapped to Figure 28 or Figure 29 In the bearer frame shown.

[0174] S304: Map the bearer frame to the sub-time slot.

[0175] When mapping bearer frames to sub-timeslots, one bearer frame can be mapped to multiple sub-timeslots. Figure 14 、 Figure 15 、 Figure 18 and Figure 19 The bearer frame shown in any embodiment can map one such bearer frame to 15 or 16 sub-time slots (one bearer frame is used to carry one VC4 service). Figure 16 or Figure 17 The bearer frame shown in FIG. 1 can be mapped to 16 sub-time slots (one bearer frame is used to carry one VC4 service). Figure 22 or Figure 23 The bearer frame shown in FIG. 1 can be mapped to 15 or 16 sub-time slots (one bearer frame is used to carry one-Nth of the VC4-N service). Figure 24 or Figure 25 As shown in the bearer frame, one such bearer frame can be mapped to 4*15 or 4*16 sub-time slots (one bearer frame is used to carry a complete VC4-4 service). Figure 26 or Figure 27 As shown in the bearer frame, one such bearer frame can be mapped to 3*15 or 3*16 sub-timeslots (one bearer frame is used to carry a complete VC4-3 service). Figure 28 or Figure 28 As shown in the bearer frame, one such bearer frame can be mapped to 2*15 or 2*16 sub-timeslots (one bearer frame is used to carry a complete VC4-2 service).

[0176] When mapping bearer frames to sub-timeslots, idle blocks can optionally be inserted between bearer frames. This allows intermediate devices in the network to adapt the block rate to the speed of their device clocks by adding or removing idle blocks. The number of idle blocks inserted must meet the bearer frame's load efficiency requirements.

[0177] When inserting idle blocks between bearer frames, you can also insert OAM blocks (abbreviated as O-blocks or O-blocks) based on actual needs. OAM blocks can be used to monitor the service quality of the service layer during bearer frame transmission, such as delay time and bit error status. When OAM monitoring is required, an appropriate number of OAM blocks can be inserted between bearer frames.

[0178] S306: Send the sub-time slot to the receiving end.

[0179] After the bearer frame is mapped into the sub-timeslot, the sub-timeslot can be sent to the receiving end, thereby realizing the bearing and transmission of the VC4 service or VC4-N service.

[0180] Figure 31 It is a flowchart of a method for carrying VC services according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 31 The shown bearing method may be executed by a receiving end, and may specifically include the following steps.

[0181] S312: Receive the sub-time slot sent by the transmitting end.

[0182] Based on the sending end Figure 30 In the method described in the illustrated embodiment, when the bearer frame is mapped to a sub-timeslot and the sub-timeslot is sent to the receiving end, the receiving end can receive the sub-timeslot.

[0183] S314: Parse the sub-timeslot and extract the bearer frame in the sub-timeslot.

[0184] In some embodiments, when the transmitting end maps the bearer frame to the sub-timeslot, the idle code block and / or the OAM code block can be inserted between the bearer frames. Then, when the receiving end parses the sub-timeslot, the OAM code block and the idle code block can be stripped off first, and then the bearer frame can be extracted.

[0185] S316: Parse the S code block, D code block, and T code block in the bearer frame to extract the customer content of the VC service carried by the bearer frame. The VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service.

[0186] After extracting the bearer frame from the sub-timeslot, the receiver can first parse the S and D blocks in the bearer frame to obtain the overhead fields in the overhead area of ​​the bearer frame. Based on the indications in the overhead fields, the receiver can determine the byte positions of the D and T blocks carrying the customer content and then extract the customer content carried in these byte positions. After parsing the T block, the customer content of the VC4 or VC4-N service carried in the bearer frame can be extracted.

[0187] In some embodiments, when the overhead area of ​​the bearer frame includes a second pointer indicator value, and the second pointer indicator value is valid only in a multi-frame situation, after parsing the overhead area and extracting the second pointer indicator value from the overhead area, the receiving end needs to use a majority judgment principle to determine the validity of the second pointer indicator value, and when it is determined that the second pointer indicator value is valid, determine the location information of the customer's specific content in the bearer frame and the number of bytes in the bearer adjustment area used to carry the customer content based on the second pointer indicator value. For specific implementation methods, please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 The embodiment shown will not be described in detail here.

[0188] Based on the VC bearer frame provided in the embodiment of the present application, when carrying VC4 services or VC4-N services based on the sub-timeslots in the FlexE protocol standard, one VC4 service or VC4-N service to be carried can be mapped into the bearer frame, and then the bearer frame is mapped into the sub-timeslot for transmission. In this way, the carrying of VC4 services or VC4-N services can be realized, meeting the carrying requirements for VC4 services or VC4-N services.

[0189] The foregoing description describes specific embodiments of the present application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that described in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order shown or the sequential order to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0190] Figure 32 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 32 At the hardware level, the electronic device includes a processor and, optionally, an internal bus, a network interface, and memory. The memory may include internal memory, such as high-speed random-access memory (RAM), or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk drive. Of course, the electronic device may also include other hardware required for its services.

[0191] The processor, network interface, and memory can be interconnected via an internal bus, which can be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus, or an EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) bus. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 32 Only one bidirectional arrow is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0192] The memory is used to store programs. Specifically, the program may include program code, which includes computer operating instructions. The memory may include internal memory and non-volatile memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor.

[0193] The processor reads the corresponding computer program from the non-volatile memory into the internal memory and then runs it, forming a carrier device for VC services at the logical level. The processor executes the program stored in the memory and is specifically used to perform the following operations:

[0194] Mapping the VC service to be carried into the bearer frame of the VC service, where the VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service;

[0195] Mapping the bearer frame into a sub-time slot;

[0196] The sub-time slot is sent to a receiving end.

[0197] Or, to do the following:

[0198] Receive the sub-time slot sent by the transmitter;

[0199] parsing the sub-timeslot to extract a bearer frame for carrying a VC service in the sub-timeslot;

[0200] The S code block, the D code block and the T code block in the bearer frame are parsed to extract the customer content of the VC service carried by the bearer frame, where the VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service.

[0201] The above application Figure 32 The method performed by the VC service carrier device disclosed in the illustrated embodiment can be applied to a processor or implemented by a processor. The processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, each step of the above method can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or by software instructions. The above processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this application can be directly implemented and executed by a hardware decoding processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module can be located in a storage medium well-known in the art, such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method.

[0202] The electronic device may also perform Figure 30 and Figure 31 The method is to realize the VC service bearing device in Figure 30 and Figure 31The functions of the illustrated embodiments will not be described in detail in this application.

[0203] Of course, in addition to software implementation, the electronic device of this application does not exclude other implementation methods, such as logic devices or a combination of software and hardware, etc. That is to say, the execution subject of the following processing flow is not limited to each logic unit, but can also be hardware or logic devices.

[0204] The present application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs include instructions that, when executed by a portable electronic device including a plurality of application programs, enable the portable electronic device to execute Figure 30 and Figure 31 The method of the embodiment shown is specifically used to perform the following operations:

[0205] Mapping the VC service to be carried into the bearer frame of the VC service, where the VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service;

[0206] Mapping the bearer frame into a sub-time slot;

[0207] The sub-time slot is sent to a receiving end.

[0208] Or, to do the following:

[0209] Receive the sub-time slot sent by the transmitter;

[0210] parsing the sub-timeslot to extract a bearer frame for carrying a VC service in the sub-timeslot;

[0211] The S code block, the D code block and the T code block in the bearer frame are parsed to extract the customer content of the VC service carried by the bearer frame, where the VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service.

[0212] Figure 33 This is a structural diagram of a VC service carrying device 330 according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 33 In a software implementation, the VC service bearer 330 may include: a first mapping module 331, a second mapping module 332, and a sending module 333, wherein:

[0213] A first mapping module 331 maps a VC service to be carried into the bearer frame, wherein the VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service;

[0214] A second mapping module 332 maps the bearer frame to a sub-time slot;

[0215] The sending module 333 sends the sub-time slot to the receiving end.

[0216] In some implementations, the second mapping module 332 maps the bearer frame to the sub-timeslot, including:

[0217] When one of the bearer frames is used to carry one VC4 service, mapping the bearer frame to the 15 sub-timeslots;

[0218] In the case where one of the bearer frames is used to carry one-Nth service of a VC4-N service, mapping the one bearer frame to 15 sub-timeslots;

[0219] In the case where one bearer frame is used to carry all services of one VC4-N service, the one bearer frame is mapped to N*15 sub-time slots.

[0220] The VC service carrying device 330 provided in this application can also execute Figure 30 The method is to realize the VC service bearing device 330 in Figure 30 The functions of the illustrated embodiments will not be described in detail in this application.

[0221] Figure 34 This is a structural diagram of a VC service carrying device 340 according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 34 In a software implementation, the VC service carrying device 340 may include: a receiving module 341, a first parsing module 342, and a second parsing module 343, wherein:

[0222] The receiving module 341 receives the sub-time slot sent by the transmitting end;

[0223] A first parsing module 342 parses the sub-timeslot to extract a bearer frame for carrying a VC service in the sub-timeslot;

[0224] The second parsing module 343 parses the S code block, the D code block and the T code block in the bearer frame to extract the customer content of the VC service carried by the bearer frame, where the VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service.

[0225] The VC service carrying device 340 provided in this application can also execute Figure 31 The method is to realize the VC service bearing device 340 in Figure 31 The functions of the illustrated embodiments will not be described in detail in this application.

[0226] In short, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

[0227] The systems, devices, modules, or units described in the above embodiments may be implemented by computer chips or entities, or by products having certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer. Specifically, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.

[0228] Computer-readable media includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. The information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transitory computer-readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0229] It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0230] The various embodiments in this application are described in a progressive manner. Similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to in conjunction with each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences between the other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiment is generally similar to the method embodiment, so the description is relatively simple. For relevant parts, refer to the partial description of the method embodiment.

Claims

1. A bearer frame for a VC service, the bearer frame comprising an S code block, a D code block, and a T code block, and including an overhead area and a bearer area; The overhead area is used to carry overhead information of VC services; The bearer area is used to carry customer content of VC services; The bearer frame is used for mapping to a sub-time slot of a service layer for transmission. One bearer frame is used for carrying one VC service. The VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2.

2. The bearer frame according to claim 1, wherein the overhead information includes at least one of the following: SDH frame overhead content, used to carry the regenerator section layer and multiplex section layer overhead; The first pointer indication value is used to indicate whether the second pointer indication value has changed abnormally; The second pointer indication value is used to indicate the location information of the client's specific content in the bearer frame.

3. The bearer frame according to claim 2, wherein the bearer area includes a bearer adjustment area and a fixed bearer area, or the bearer area includes the fixed bearer area but does not include the bearer adjustment area; In the case where the bearer area includes a bearer adjustment area, the second pointer indication value is further used to indicate a change in the number of bytes used to bear client content in the bearer adjustment area; In the case that the bearer area does not include the bearer adjustment area, the overhead information does not include the first pointer indication value and the second pointer indication value, and the customer's specific content is in a fixed position in the bearer area.

4. The bearer frame according to claim 3, wherein the second pointer indication value multiplexes the H1 byte and the H2 byte in the AU4 service bearer frame.

5. The bearer frame according to claim 3, wherein when the second pointer indicates a value incremented by one, the position information of the client's specific content in the bearer frame is shifted backward by one unit, and the number of bytes used to carry the client's content in the bearer adjustment area is reduced by one unit; When the second pointer indicates a value minus one, the position information of the client's specific content in the bearer frame moves forward by one unit, and the number of bytes used to carry the client's content in the bearer adjustment area increases by one unit; When the second pointer indication value remains unchanged, the location information of the client's specific content in the bearer frame remains unchanged, and the number of bytes used to carry the client's content in the bearer adjustment area remains unchanged; Wherein, the unit includes one or more bytes.

6. The bearer frame according to claim 3, wherein the second pointer indicator value comprises W bits, the W bits comprising a first group of bits and a second group of bits, the first group of bits comprising P bits, the second group of bits comprising Q bits, W is an integer greater than or equal to 4, P is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N, and Q is an integer greater than or equal to 1 and less than N; in, When at least half of the bit values ​​in the P bits are flipped, the position information of the client's specific content in the bearer frame is moved backward by one unit, and the number of bytes used to carry the client content in the bearer adjustment area is reduced by one unit; When at least half of the bit values ​​in the Q bits are flipped, the position information of the client's specific content in the bearer frame is moved forward by one unit, and the number of bytes used to carry the client content in the bearer adjustment area is increased by one unit; When the values ​​of the W bits remain unchanged, the location information of the client's specific content in the bearer frame remains unchanged, and the number of bytes used to carry the client's content in the bearer adjustment area remains unchanged; Wherein, the unit includes one or more bytes.

7. The bearer frame according to claim 5, wherein the bearer adjustment area comprises a first adjustment area and a second adjustment area, and the first adjustment area and the second adjustment area each comprise one or more bytes; in, When the second pointer indication value is used to indicate an increase of one unit, the first adjustment area and the second adjustment area do not carry customer content; In a case where the second pointer indication value is used to indicate a decrease of one unit, both the first adjustment area and the second adjustment area carry customer content; When the value indicated by the second pointer remains unchanged, the first adjustment area does not carry the user content, and the second adjustment area carries the user content.

8. The bearer frame according to claim 7, wherein the first adjustment area multiplexes the H3 byte in the AU4 service bearer frame, and the second adjustment area multiplexes the first byte to the third byte after the H3 byte.

9. According to the bearer frame as described in any one of claims 2 to 8, when the second pointer indication value in L of the consecutive M bearer frames undergoes the same change, the second pointer indication value takes effect in the last frame of the M bearer frames, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 3, and L is an integer greater than or equal to M / 2. 10 . The bearer frame according to claim 9 , wherein when M is equal to 3, L is equal to 2; and when M is equal to 4, L is equal to 3.

11. The bearer frame according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, when one of the bearer frames is used to carry one VC4 service, the bearer frame consists of one S code block, 293 D code blocks, and one T code block, the overhead area is located in the S code block, and the bearer area is located in the S code block, the D code block, and the T code block; or, the bearer frame consists of one S code block, 294 D code blocks, and one T code block, the overhead area is located in the D code block, and the bearer area is located in the D code block and the T code block. in, The bearer area includes a 6-byte bearer adjustment area and a 2346-byte fixed bearer area. The first 3 bytes of the bearer adjustment area are the first adjustment area, and the last 3 bytes are the second adjustment area. The fixed bearer area includes 782 groups of bytes, each group of bytes includes 3 bytes, and the J1 byte of the VC4 service is located at the first position of a group of bytes.

12. The bearer frame according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, when one of the bearer frames is used to carry one VC4 service, the bearer frame comprises one S code block, 293 D code blocks, and one T code block, the overhead area is located in the D code block, and the bearer area is located in the D code block and the T code block; or, the bearer frame comprises one S code block, 292 D code blocks, and one T code block, the overhead area is located in the S code block, and the bearer area is located in the S code block, the D code block, and the T code block. in, The bearer area includes a fixed bearer area of ​​2349 bytes, and the J1 byte of the VC4 service is located at the first byte of the fixed bearer area.

13. The bearer frame according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, when one bearer frame is used to carry one-Nth of a VC4-N service, and N bearer frames are used to carry all services of a VC4-N service, one bearer frame consists of one S code block, 293 D code blocks, and one T code block, the overhead area is located in the D code block, and the bearer area is located in the D code block and the T code block; or, one bearer frame consists of one S code block, 292 D code blocks, and one T code block, the overhead area is located in the S code block, and the bearer area is located in the D code block and the T code block; in, The bearer area includes a fixed bearer area of ​​2349 bytes, and the overhead area is used to indicate the positions of N J1 bytes of the VC4-N service in the N bearer frames.

14. The bearer frame according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, when one bearer frame is used to carry all services of a VC4-4 service, one bearer frame consists of one S code block, 1174 D code blocks, and one T code block, the overhead area is located in the D code block, and the bearer area is located in the D code block and the T code block; or, one bearer frame consists of one S code block, 1173 D code blocks, and one T code block, the overhead area is located in the S code block, and the bearer area is located in the D code block and the T code block; in, The bearer area includes a fixed bearer area of ​​9396 bytes, and the four J1 bytes of the VC4-4 service are located in the first four bytes of the fixed bearer area.

15. The bearer frame according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, when one bearer frame is used to carry all services of a VC4-3 service, one bearer frame consists of one S code block, 881 D code blocks, and one T code block, the overhead area is located in the D code block, and the bearer area is located in the D code block and the T code block; or, one bearer frame consists of one S code block, 880 D code blocks, and one T code block, the overhead area is located in the S code block, and the bearer area is located in the D code block and the T code block; in, The bearer area includes a fixed bearer area of ​​7047 bytes, and the three J1 bytes of the VC4-3 service are located in the first three bytes of the fixed bearer area.

16. The bearer frame according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, when one bearer frame is used to carry all services of a VC4-2 service, one bearer frame consists of one S code block, 587 D code blocks, and one T code block, the overhead area is located in the D code block, and the bearer area is located in the D code block and the T code block; or, one bearer frame consists of one S code block, 586 D code blocks, and one T code block, the overhead area is located in the S code block, and the bearer area is located in the S code block, the D code block, and the T code block. in, The bearer area includes a fixed bearer area of ​​4698 bytes, and the two J1 bytes of the VC4-2 service are located in the first two bytes of the fixed bearer area.

17. The bearer frame according to claim 1, wherein when one of the bearer frames is used to carry one VC4 service or one-Nth of one VC4-N service, the one bearer frame is used to be mapped to 15 or 16 of the sub-timeslots; In the case where one bearer frame is used to carry all services of one VC4-N service, one bearer frame is used to be mapped to N*15 or N*16 sub-timeslots.

18. A method for carrying a VC service based on the bearer frame of the VC service according to any one of claims 1 to 17, applied to a transmitting end, comprising: Mapping a VC service to be carried into the bearer frame, wherein the VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service; Mapping the bearer frame into the sub-time slot; The sub-time slot is sent to a receiving end.

19. The bearer method according to claim 18, wherein mapping the bearer frame to the sub-timeslot comprises: When one of the bearer frames is used to carry one VC4 service, mapping the bearer frame to the 15 sub-timeslots; In the case where one of the bearer frames is used to carry one-Nth service of a VC4-N service, mapping the one bearer frame to 15 sub-timeslots; In the case where one bearer frame is used to carry all services of one VC4-N service, the one bearer frame is mapped to N*15 sub-time slots.

20. A method for carrying a VC service based on the bearer frame of the VC service according to any one of claims 1 to 17, applied to a receiving end, comprising: Receive the sub-time slot sent by the transmitter; Parsing the sub-time slot to extract the bearer frame; The S code block, the D code block and the T code block in the bearer frame are parsed to extract the customer content of the VC service carried by the bearer frame, where the VC service is a VC4 service or a VC4-N service.

21. An electronic device comprising: processor; a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; The processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the method according to any one of claims 18 to 20.

22. A computer-readable storage medium, when instructions in the storage medium are executed by a processor of an electronic device, enables the electronic device to perform the method according to any one of claims 18 to 20.

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