Intelligent in-situ remediation system and method for river and lake polluted bottom mud

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent in-situ remediation system and method for river and lake polluted bottom mud, and relates to the technical field of river and lake bottom mud pollution remediation. The system comprises a bottom mud pollution enrichment and purification device, a bottom mud pollution in-situ monitoring device, a bottom mud water content in-situ tester, an intelligent monitoring and control system, a vacuum negative pressure device, a buoy and a floating ball. The bottom mud pollution enrichment and purification device, the bottom mud pollution in-situ monitoring device and the bottom mud water content in-situ tester are connected with floating balls and then inserted into bottom mud, and the intelligent monitoring and control system and the vacuum negative pressure device are installed on a buoy located on the water surface. According to the invention, the sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device, the sediment water content in-situ tester, the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device and the like are coupled with the intelligent monitoring and control system, so that rapid response and intelligent in-situ remediation of sediment pollution are realized, and the problems of hysteresis quality, blindness and the like in the existing remediation technology are solved; the bottom mud pollution remediation efficiency is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of environmental governance, and in particular to an intelligent in-situ remediation system and method for polluted river and lake sediments. Background Art

[0002] As global industrialization accelerates, water environmental issues in rivers and lakes are becoming increasingly prominent. Sediments serve as reservoirs of pollutants (such as heavy metals, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, and persistent organic pollutants) in rivers and lakes. Once external pollution is gradually controlled, effectively controlling the release of internal pollution is crucial for remediating river and lake sediment pollution and restoring aquatic ecosystems.

[0003] Phytoremediation relies primarily on the root adsorption and metabolism of aquatic plants to fix or degrade pollutants, offering eco-friendly advantages. However, it is less effective for severely polluted water bodies and often requires integration with other remediation technologies. Physical remediation, primarily based on sediment dredging and electric sediment drainage, can directly remove pollutants. Electric sediment drainage, in particular, allows for in-situ removal of sediment pollutants at a relatively low cost.

[0004] As river and lake water conditions change, the content of available pollutants in river and lake sediments and their potential for release also fluctuate, dramatically increasing the risk of water pollution. However, in remediation practices, the inability to promptly monitor and provide feedback on sediment contamination often leads to delayed and inaccurate remediation, missing the optimal opportunity for remediation and inadvertently increasing remediation costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention couples an intelligent monitoring and control system, an in-situ monitoring device for sediment pollution, an in-situ remediation device for sediment pollution, etc., and provides an intelligent in-situ remediation system and method for river and lake polluted sediment, and solves the problems of delayed remediation, inaccurate remediation, increased remediation costs, etc. that occur in the existing technology in the remediation of river and lake sediment pollution.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] An intelligent in-situ remediation system for polluted river and lake sediments, characterized in that it comprises: a sediment pollution enrichment and purification device, a sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device, a sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument, an intelligent monitoring and control system, a vacuum negative pressure device, a buoy, and a floating ball; the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device, the sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device, and the sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument are connected to the floating ball and then inserted into the sediment, the intelligent monitoring and control system and the vacuum negative pressure device are installed on the buoy located on the water surface; the sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device and the sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument are installed on the sediment pollution enrichment and Inside and outside the purification device, the sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device is used to quickly monitor the sediment pollutant concentration, and the sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument is used to quickly monitor the sediment moisture content; the intelligent monitoring and control system is used to receive the sediment pollutant concentration information from the sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device and the sediment moisture content information from the sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument, and based on this, issue instructions to control the operation of the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device; the vacuum negative pressure device is used to draw negative pressure to the internal cavity of the sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device under the intelligent monitoring and control system to quickly collect the sediment pore solution.

[0008] Furthermore, the sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device includes a filter tube, a water quality sensor, a water sampling tube, etc., which can monitor the conventional pollution indicators of the sediment pore solution online through the water quality sensor. The conventional pollution indicators include TN, NH4 + -N, COD, or one or more thereof; the water sampling pipe is used to extract sediment pore solution for indoor rapid detection of other pollution indicators, and the other pollution indicators include one or more of TP, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb heavy metals.

[0009] Furthermore, the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device is a semi-closed cap-shaped structure, including an electromagnetic valve switch, an overlying water isolation sealing cap, an annular electrode built into the lower end of the cap top, a central electrode, a sediment pore solution pollutant filter layer built into the middle end of the cap top, a multi-parameter water quality monitor and a micro water pump; when the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device is inserted into the sediment, the electromagnetic valve switch is used to discharge the overlying water in the cap; the overlying water isolation sealing cap is used to isolate the overlying water to prevent the pollutants in the cap from diffusing to the overlying water; the annular electrode and the central electrode quickly drain and collect the sediment pore solution under the action of the electric field; the pollutant filter layer works in conjunction with the micro water pump to circulate and purify the collected sediment pore solution; the multi-parameter water quality monitor works in conjunction with the micro water pump to quickly detect the water quality indicators of the purified liquid, and after receiving the purified liquid water quality compliance information issued by the intelligent monitoring and control system, the purified liquid is intelligently discharged through the micro water pump.

[0010] Furthermore, the device has a radius of 1-2m, an overlying water isolation sealing cap of 0.5-1m high, and an annular electrode and a central electrode of 10-30cm high; the pollutant filtering layer is 15-50cm, and 3-5 layers can be provided depending on the type of pollutants in the purified liquid.

[0011] An intelligent in-situ remediation method for polluted river and lake sediments is performed using the intelligent in-situ remediation system for polluted river and lake sediments, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0012] (1) With the help of a gondola, a gravity hammer and an underwater camera, the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device, the sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device and the sediment moisture content in-situ measuring device are fully inserted into the mud-water interface of the area to be repaired. The number of sediment pollution enrichment and purification devices, sediment pollution in-situ monitoring devices and sediment moisture content in-situ measuring devices to be installed is determined according to actual needs;

[0013] (2) According to the remediation objectives, set the sediment pollutant concentration threshold range and sediment moisture content threshold in the intelligent monitoring and control system;

[0014] (3) The sediment pollution status of area A and area B is regularly monitored by using an in-situ monitoring device for sediment pollution. The in-situ monitoring device for sediment pollution and the in-situ measuring instrument for sediment moisture content are installed inside the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device for area A and outside for area B. The monitoring cycle can be customized. Before each monitoring, the sediment pore solution collected in the filter tube is discharged through a vacuum negative pressure device, and then the filter tube is pumped under negative pressure through a vacuum negative pressure device to collect the sediment pore solution again. Finally, the conventional indicators of the sediment pore solution are monitored in real time through the water quality multi-parameter sensor in the tube. The conventional pollution indicators include TN, NH4 + -N, COD or one or more; or other pollution indicators are quickly detected by extraction, and the other pollution indicators include one or more heavy metals such as TP, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb;

[0015] (4) If the concentration of sediment pollutants exceeds the maximum value of the threshold range set in the intelligent monitoring and control system, the intelligent monitoring and control system starts to power the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device. Under the action of the electric field, the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device enriches the high-concentration polluted sediment pore solution in area B and stores it in the annular electrode, and enriches the high-concentration polluted sediment pore solution in area A to the annular electrode and the central electrode; then the collected sediment pore solution is sent to the filter layer at the middle end of the cap for purification through a micro pump, and the purified water is temporarily stored in the closed cavity of the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device, and the signal of meeting the standard is fed back to the intelligent monitoring and control system, which controls the self-priming pump and intelligently discharges the purified liquid;

[0016] (5) Each round of remediation may include multiple electric drainage enrichment. If the concentration of sediment pollutants reaches the minimum value of the threshold range after multiple electric drainage enrichment and purification treatments, the current round of remediation will be terminated; the time for each electric drainage enrichment is until the sediment moisture content drops to 40-50%. After the overlying water replenishes the sediment moisture content to above 50%, the electric remediation will continue.

[0017] Furthermore, when the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device is inserted into the area to be repaired, the repair area is divided into multiple units. Each unit is arranged in a circular array, with a sediment pollution enrichment and purification device installed in the middle and one installed every 2 meters on all sides. An in-situ sediment pollution monitoring device and an in-situ sediment moisture content meter are installed between the devices.

[0018] Furthermore, the annular electrode of the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device at the center of each unit is connected to the negative pole of the DC regulated power supply, and the central electrode is connected to the positive pole; the annular electrodes of the sediment pollution enrichment and purification devices around it are connected to the positive pole of the DC regulated power supply, and the central electrode is connected to the negative pole.

[0019] By adopting the above technical device and method, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0020] (1) For the first time, an intelligent monitoring and feedback mechanism was introduced into the field of in-situ electrokinetic remediation of polluted sediments in rivers and lakes. By real-time monitoring of the types and concentrations of sediment pore water pollution, dynamic tracking of the release potential of sediment pollution was achieved, breaking through the limitations of traditional electrokinetic remediation technology, which is unable to monitor and remediate in a timely manner. This innovative monitoring method ensures the accuracy and timeliness of the remediation process and significantly improves remediation efficiency.

[0021] (2) Based on preliminary research and experimental studies, a creative remediation strategy of "rapid response to sediment pollution, intelligent removal, and in-situ purification" was proposed. This creative design can reduce the lag and blindness of remediation, seize the best remediation opportunity, improve modification efficiency, and reduce remediation costs, providing a new solution for river and lake sediment remediation. This technology can be applied to key or critical areas of rivers and lakes with different pollution types, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 An overall schematic diagram of an intelligent in-situ remediation system for polluted river and lake sediments provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a sediment pollution enrichment and purification device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of an in-situ monitoring device for sediment pollution provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the layout of the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device, sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device, sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument, etc. provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1-sediment pollution enrichment and purification device, 2-sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device, 3-sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument, 4-intelligent monitoring and control system, 5-vacuum negative pressure device, 6-buoy, 7-float, 1-1-annular electrode, 1-2-center electrode, 1-3-overlying water isolation sealing cap, 1-4-solenoid valve switch, 1-5-multi-parameter water quality monitor, 1-6-sediment pore solution pollutant filter layer, 1-7-micro water pump, 2-1-filter tube, 2-2-water quality sensor, 2-3-water sampling pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, a lake with an area of ​​400m 2 , and lake bottom mud with a thickness of 30 cm as an example, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent in-situ remediation system for polluted river and lake sediments, comprising: a sediment contamination enrichment and purification device 1, a sediment contamination in-situ monitoring device 2, an in-situ sediment moisture content measuring instrument 3, an intelligent monitoring and control system 4, a vacuum negative pressure device 5, a buoy 6, and a floating ball 7. The sediment contamination enrichment and purification device 1, the sediment contamination in-situ monitoring device 2, and the sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument 3 are assembled, connected to the floating ball 7, and then inserted into the sediment. The intelligent monitoring and control system 4 and the vacuum negative pressure device 5 are mounted on the buoy 6 on the water surface.

[0031] The in-situ monitoring device for sediment pollution 2 and the in-situ measuring instrument for sediment moisture content 3 can be installed inside and outside the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1 to quickly monitor the concentration and moisture content of sediment pollutants; the intelligent monitoring and control system 4 can receive information such as the concentration and moisture content of sediment pollutants and issue instructions to control the operation of the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1; the vacuum negative pressure device 5 can draw negative pressure to the internal cavity of the in-situ monitoring device for sediment pollution 2 under the intelligent monitoring and control system 4 to quickly collect the sediment pore solution.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1 is a semi-closed cap-shaped structure, including an electromagnetic valve switch 1-4, an overlying water isolating sealing cap 1-3, a ring electrode 1-1 built into the lower end of the cap top, a central electrode 1-2, a sediment pore solution pollutant filter layer 1-6 built into the middle end of the cap top, a multi-parameter water quality monitor 1-5, a micro water pump 1-7, etc.; the electromagnetic valve switch 1-4 is used to discharge the overlying water in the cap during the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1 is inserted into the sediment; the overlying water isolating sealing cap 1-3 can isolate the overlying water to avoid The pollutants in the cap-free container diffuse toward the overlying water; the annular electrode 1-1 and the central electrode 1-2 can quickly drain and collect the sediment pore solution under the action of the electric field; the pollutant filtering layer 1-6 works in conjunction with the micro water pump 1-7 to circulate and purify the collected sediment pore solution; the multi-parameter water quality monitor 1-5 works in conjunction with the micro water pump 1-7 to quickly detect the water quality indicators of the purified liquid, and after receiving the purified liquid water quality compliance information issued by the intelligent monitoring and control system 4, it can be intelligently discharged through the micro water pump 1-7.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device 2 includes a filter tube 2-1, a water quality sensor 2-2 installed in the filter tube 2-1, a water sampling pipe 2-3, etc., and the conventional pollution indicators of the sediment pore solution (such as TN\NH 4+ -N\COD, etc.), the bottom mud pore solution can also be extracted through the water sampling pipe 2-3 to the filter tube 2-1, and other pollution indicators (such as TP, Cd / Cr / Cu / Pb and other heavy metals) can be quickly detected indoors using the water quality sensor 2-2.

[0034] The bottom sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1 has a radius of 2m, the overlying water isolation sealing cap 1-3 is 1m high, the annular electrode 1-1 and the central electrode 1-2 are 30cm high; the pollutant filtering layer 1-6 is 30cm thick and can be set up in 3 layers according to the type of pollutants in the purified liquid.

[0035] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: ① The vacuum negative pressure device 5 is controlled by the intelligent monitoring and control system 4 to draw negative pressure on the inner cavity of the sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device 2 to quickly collect the sediment pore solution, and then the pore solution water quality indicators are monitored in situ by the water quality sensor 2-2, or the pore solution water quality indicators are extracted by the micro pump 1-7 and quickly tested indoors, so as to quickly grasp the sediment pollution status. ② According to whether the sediment pollution concentration is within the range pre-set by the intelligent monitoring and control system 4, the working state of the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1 is controlled (within the range - open; outside the range - closed). ③ After receiving the working instructions of the intelligent monitoring and control system 4, the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1 can realize the drainage collection, circulation purification, and standard discharge of the sediment pore solution. ④ Based on the sediment moisture content emitted by the sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument 3 being lower than (higher than) the threshold, the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1 issues instructions and controls the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1 to stop (continue) work after receiving information from the intelligent monitoring and control system 4.

[0036] The present invention also provides an intelligent in-situ remediation method for polluted river and lake sediments, which is performed using the above-mentioned device and includes the following steps:

[0037] (1) Press Figure 3 As shown in the figure, with the help of a gondola, a gravity hammer and an underwater camera, the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1, the sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device 2, and the sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument 3 are completely inserted into the 400m 2 The mud-water interface of the area to be repaired is located below the surface; the repair area of ​​the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1 is divided into 4 units, each of which is arranged in a circular array, with a sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1 installed in the middle and 1 installed every 2 meters on all sides. A sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device 2 and a sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument 3 are installed between the devices. Each unit has a total of 7 sediment pollution enrichment and purification devices 1, which can cover about 100m 2 ;

[0038] (2) The annular electrode 1-1 of the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1 at the center of each unit is connected to the negative pole of the DC regulated power supply, and the central electrode 1-2 is connected to the positive pole; the annular electrodes of the six sediment pollution enrichment and purification devices 1 around it are connected to the positive pole of the DC regulated power supply, and the central electrode 1-2 is connected to the negative pole;

[0039] (3) According to the restoration objectives, the sediment pollutant concentration threshold range and sediment moisture content threshold are set in the intelligent monitoring and control system 4;

[0040] (4) The sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device 2 is used to regularly monitor the sediment pollution status in area A and area B (customizable settings). The sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device 2 and the sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument 3 are installed inside the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1 for area A, and installed outside for area B. Before each monitoring, the sediment pore solution collected in the filter tube 2-1 is discharged through the vacuum negative pressure device, and then the filter tube 2-1 is pumped with negative pressure through the vacuum negative pressure device to collect the sediment pore solution again. Finally, the conventional indicators of the sediment pore solution (such as TN\NH 4+ -N\COD, etc.), or quickly test other pollution indicators through water sampling pipes 2-3;

[0041] (5) If the concentration of sediment pollutants exceeds the maximum value of the threshold range set in the intelligent monitoring and control system 4, the intelligent monitoring and control system starts to power the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device. Under the action of the electric field, the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device 1 can enrich the high-concentration polluted sediment pore solution in area B and store it in the annular electrode 1-1, and enrich the high-concentration polluted sediment pore solution in area A to the annular electrode 1-1 and the central electrode 1-2; then the collected sediment pore solution is sent to the filter layer 1-6 at the middle end of the cap top for purification through the micro pump 1-7, and the purified water can be temporarily stored in the closed cavity of the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device, and the standard-reaching signal is fed back to the intelligent monitoring and control system 4, through which the vacuum negative pressure device in the intelligent monitoring and control system 4 is controlled to intelligently discharge the purified liquid;

[0042] (6) Each round of remediation may include multiple electrodynamic drainage enrichment. If the sediment pollutant concentration reaches the minimum value of the threshold range after multiple electrodynamic drainage enrichment and purification treatments, the current round of remediation will be terminated; each electrodynamic drainage enrichment will last until the sediment moisture content drops to 40%. Electrodynamic remediation will continue after the overlying water replenishes the sediment moisture content to above 50%.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0044] 1. Achieve accurate, real-time monitoring and dynamic tracking

[0045] Real-time data collection: This invention introduces an intelligent monitoring and feedback mechanism into the field of in-situ electric remediation of polluted river and lake sediments for the first time. By coupling an in-situ sediment pollution monitoring device, an in-situ sediment moisture content meter, and an intelligent monitoring and control system, it is possible to collect real-time data on the type, concentration, and moisture content of sediment pore water pollution. The in-situ sediment pollution monitoring device can monitor conventional sediment pore water pollution indicators (such as TN, NH4+-N, COD, etc.) online through water quality sensors. It can also extract sediment pore water through a water sampling pipe to conduct rapid indoor testing of other pollution indicators (such as TP, heavy metals such as Cd / Cr / Cu / Pb), thereby achieving a comprehensive understanding of the sediment pollution status.

[0046] 2. Dynamic Tracking of Pollution Potential: Based on real-time data, this system dynamically tracks the release potential of sediment pollution, overcoming the limitations of traditional electric remediation technologies, which often lack timely monitoring and remediation capabilities. Traditional remediation technologies often fail to promptly monitor changes in sediment pollution levels. This system, however, provides real-time data feedback, allowing the remediation process to be adjusted based on the actual level of sediment pollution, ensuring accuracy and timeliness, significantly improving remediation efficiency.

[0047] 3. Reduce repair costs

[0048] Innovative restoration concept: Based on preliminary research and experimental studies, we creatively proposed a restoration approach of "rapid response to sediment pollution, intelligent removal, and in-situ purification." This approach changes the lag and blindness of traditional restoration technologies and provides a brand-new solution for river and lake sediment restoration.

[0049] Reducing hysteresis and blindness: Through an intelligent monitoring and control system, the sediment contamination enrichment and purification device is intelligently controlled according to the set sediment contaminant concentration threshold range and sediment moisture content threshold. When the sediment contaminant concentration exceeds the maximum value of the set threshold range, the system responds quickly and activates the sediment contamination enrichment and purification device to timely enrich and purify the highly contaminated sediment pore solution, seizing the optimal remediation opportunity and effectively reducing hysteresis and blindness of remediation.

[0050] Reduced remediation costs: Accurate monitoring and timely response avoid unnecessary remediation operations, reducing waste of manpower and material resources, thereby lowering remediation costs. Furthermore, the sediment contamination enrichment and purification device utilizes a semi-enclosed cap-shaped structure. Through the coordinated operation of components such as the solenoid valve switch, overlying water isolation seal cap, annular electrode, center electrode, pollutant filter layer, multi-parameter water quality monitor, and micro-pump, it achieves the functions of drainage, collection, circulation, purification, and discharge of sediment pore solution to meet standards. This completes purification in situ, further reducing resource consumption and processing costs during the remediation process.

[0051] 4. The device is reasonably designed and has a wide range of applications

[0052] Structural advantages of the device: The semi-enclosed cap-shaped structure of the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device is ingeniously designed. The overlying water isolation sealing cap isolates the overlying water, preventing contaminants within the cap from diffusing into the overlying water and preventing secondary contamination. The ring electrode and center electrode, under the action of the electric field, quickly drain and collect sediment pore solution, improving pollution collection efficiency. The pollutant filtration layer works in conjunction with the micro-pump to circulate and purify the collected sediment pore solution. The multi-parameter water quality monitor works in conjunction with the micro-pump to quickly detect water quality indicators of the purified liquid and ensure that it meets the discharge standards. The entire device is compact and fully functional.

[0053] 5. Broad Applicability: This technology can be applied to key areas of rivers and lakes with varying pollution types. Whether it's heavy metal pollution, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient pollution, or persistent organic pollutants, the system and method of this invention can provide targeted remediation through real-time monitoring and intelligent control, offering broad application prospects.

[0054] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0055] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent in-situ remediation system for polluted river and lake sediments, characterized by: include: Bottom sediment pollution enrichment and purification device, bottom sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device, bottom sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument, intelligent monitoring and control system, vacuum negative pressure device, buoy, float; the bottom sediment pollution enrichment and purification device, bottom sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device, bottom sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument are connected to the float and then inserted into the bottom sediment, the intelligent monitoring and control system, and vacuum negative pressure device are installed on the buoy located on the water surface; the bottom sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device and bottom sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument are installed inside and outside the bottom sediment pollution enrichment and purification device, ... The in-situ monitoring device for mud pollution is used to quickly monitor the concentration of sediment pollutants, and the in-situ measuring instrument for sediment moisture content is used to quickly monitor the sediment moisture content; the intelligent monitoring and control system is used to receive sediment pollutant concentration information from the in-situ monitoring device for sediment pollution and sediment moisture content information from the in-situ measuring instrument for sediment moisture content, and based on this, issue instructions to control the operation of the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device; the vacuum negative pressure device is used to draw negative pressure to the internal cavity of the in-situ monitoring device for sediment pollution under the intelligent monitoring and control system to quickly collect the sediment pore solution.

2. The in-situ monitoring device for sediment pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device includes a filter tube, a water quality sensor, a water sampling tube, etc., and can monitor the conventional pollution indicators of the sediment pore solution online through the water quality sensor. The conventional pollution indicators include TN, NH4 + -N, COD, or one or more thereof; the water sampling pipe is used to extract sediment pore solution for indoor rapid detection of other pollution indicators, and the other pollution indicators include one or more of TP, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb heavy metals.

3. The sediment pollution enrichment and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sediment pollution enrichment and purification device is a semi-enclosed cap-shaped structure, including a solenoid valve switch, an overlying water isolating sealing cap, a ring electrode built into the lower end of the cap top, a central electrode, a sediment pore solution pollutant filter layer built into the middle end of the cap top, a multi-parameter water quality monitor, and a micro-pump. When the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device is inserted into the sediment, the solenoid valve switch is used to discharge the overlying water in the cap; the overlying water isolating sealing cap is used to isolate the overlying water to prevent pollutants in the cap from diffusing to the overlying water; the ring electrode and the central electrode, under the action of the electric field, quickly drain and collect the sediment pore solution. The pollutant filtering layer works in conjunction with the micro-pump to circulate and purify the collected sediment pore solution; the multi-parameter water quality monitor works in conjunction with the micro-pump to quickly detect the water quality indicators of the purified liquid, and after receiving the purified liquid water quality compliance information issued by the intelligent monitoring and control system, the purified liquid is intelligently discharged through the micro-pump.

4. The sediment pollution enrichment and purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device has a radius of 1-2m, an overlying water isolation sealing cap of 0.5-1m in height, and an annular electrode and a central electrode of 10-30cm in height; the pollutant filtering layer is 15-50cm in height, and can be provided with 3-5 layers according to the type of pollutants in the purified liquid.

5. An intelligent in-situ remediation method for polluted river and lake sediments, characterized in that: The method is carried out using the intelligent in-situ remediation system for polluted river and lake sediments according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) With the help of a gondola, a gravity hammer and an underwater camera, the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device, the sediment pollution in-situ monitoring device and the sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instrument are fully inserted into the mud-water interface of the area to be repaired. The number of sediment pollution enrichment and purification devices, sediment pollution in-situ monitoring devices and sediment moisture content in-situ measuring instruments to be installed is determined according to actual needs; (2) According to the remediation objectives, set the sediment pollutant concentration threshold range and sediment moisture content threshold in the intelligent monitoring and control system; (3) The sediment pollution status of area A and area B is regularly monitored by using an in-situ monitoring device for sediment pollution. The in-situ monitoring device for sediment pollution and the in-situ measuring instrument for sediment moisture content are installed inside the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device for area A and outside for area B. The monitoring cycle can be customized. Before each monitoring, the sediment pore solution collected in the filter tube is discharged through a vacuum negative pressure device, and then the filter tube is pumped under negative pressure through a vacuum negative pressure device to collect the sediment pore solution again. Finally, the conventional indicators of the sediment pore solution are monitored in real time through the water quality multi-parameter sensor in the tube. The conventional pollution indicators include TN, NH4 + -N, COD or one or more; or other pollution indicators are quickly detected by extraction, and the other pollution indicators include one or more heavy metals such as TP, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Pb; (4) If the concentration of sediment pollutants exceeds the maximum value of the threshold range set in the intelligent monitoring and control system, the intelligent monitoring and control system starts to power the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device. Under the action of the electric field, the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device enriches the high-concentration polluted sediment pore solution in area B and stores it in the annular electrode, and enriches the high-concentration polluted sediment pore solution in area A to the annular electrode and the central electrode; then the collected sediment pore solution is sent to the filter layer at the middle end of the cap top for purification through a micro pump, and the purified water is temporarily stored in the closed cavity of the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device, and the signal of meeting the standard is fed back to the intelligent monitoring and control system, which controls the self-priming pump and intelligently discharges the purified liquid; (5) Each round of remediation may include multiple electric drainage enrichment. If the concentration of sediment pollutants reaches the minimum value of the threshold range after multiple electric drainage enrichment and purification treatments, the current round of remediation will be terminated; the time for each electric drainage enrichment is until the sediment moisture content drops to 40-50%. After the overlying water replenishes the sediment moisture content to above 50%, the electric remediation will continue.

6. The intelligent in-situ remediation method for polluted river and lake sediments according to claim 5 is characterized in that: When inserting the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device into the area to be repaired, the repair area is divided into multiple units. Each unit is arranged in a circular array, with a sediment pollution enrichment and purification device installed in the middle and one installed every 2 meters on all sides. An in-situ sediment pollution monitoring device and an in-situ sediment moisture content meter are installed between the devices.

7. The intelligent in-situ remediation method for polluted river and lake sediments according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The annular electrode of the sediment pollution enrichment and purification device at the center of each unit is connected to the negative pole of the DC regulated power supply, and the central electrode is connected to the positive pole; the annular electrodes of the sediment pollution enrichment and purification devices around it are connected to the positive pole of the DC regulated power supply, and the central electrode is connected to the negative pole.

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