Saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to a saline-alkali soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof. The saline-alkali soil conditioner is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20 to 40 parts of decomposed animal manure, 1 to 5 parts of boric acid, 30 to 40 parts of desulfurized gypsum and 20 to 30 parts of potassium fulvate; wherein the decomposed animal waste contains 3-5 parts of biological enzyme and 4-6 parts of compound microorganisms; in the compound microorganism, the concentration ratio of paecilomyces lilacinus to bacillus subtilis to bacillus megatherium is (1-2): (1-2): (1-2). On the premise of reducing the dosage of the desulfurized gypsum, the soil acidity and alkalinity are regulated by utilizing the synergistic effect of the compositions, and the physicochemical properties of the saline-alkali soil are improved, the salinization degree of the soil is reduced, the aggregate and porosity of the soil are increased, and the salt elimination and stain reduction capabilities of the soil are improved through soil biochemical reaction; meanwhile, the aggregate stability of the soil is improved, the water storage capacity of the soil is improved, and the soil surface salt-alkali content is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agriculture, and in particular to a saline-alkali soil conditioner and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the existing technology, due to factors such as large investment, long cycle and immature technical methods in the treatment of saline-alkali land, the treatment of saline-alkali land has been slow, affecting normal agricultural production.

[0003] For example, prior art CN 106180161 A discloses a method for preventing secondary contamination of saline-alkali soil by using desulfurized gypsum to improve soil. The method comprises the following steps: S1: selection of improvement materials, S2: acquisition of raw materials for microbial fertilizer, S3: preparation of microbial fertilizer, S4: mixing of improvement materials, S5: initial tillage of the saline-alkali soil, S6: irrigation of the saline-alkali soil, S7: spreading of the mixture, S8: application of microbial fertilizer, S9: secondary tillage of the saline-alkali soil, and S10: planting of salt-tolerant plants. This invention utilizes a combination of chemical improvers, soil conditioners, and natural organic matter to modify saline-alkali soil, effectively optimizing the alkalinity of saline-alkali soil. However, desulfurized gypsum can cause secondary pollution when used in large quantities. While these improvers reduce pollution, they also reduce the effectiveness of treatment, resulting in a long treatment cycle.

[0004] Prior art CN 108633368 A provides a coastal saline-alkali soil conditioner and its use method. The coastal saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts desulfurized gypsum, 10-15 parts sulfur, 15-25 parts humic acid, 5-15 parts fermented pine needles, 0.2-1 part composite microbial inoculant, and 5-10 parts carbon source. The coastal saline-alkali soil conditioner provided by this invention is low-cost, simple to construct, and environmentally friendly. However, experimental data indicates that the results are not significant, the treatment cycle is long, and the investment is excessive. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a saline-alkali soil conditioner with a short treatment cycle and obvious treatment effect and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises, by weight, 20-40 parts of decomposed animal manure, 1-5 parts of boric acid, 30-40 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 20-30 parts of potassium fulvate; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 3-5 parts of biological enzymes and 4-6 parts of composite microorganisms; and in the composite microorganisms, the concentration ratio of Paecilomyces lilacinus, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus megaterium is 1-2:1-2:1-2 for Paecilomyces lilacinus:Bacillus subtilis:Bacillus megaterium. Wherein, the biological enzymes include gelatinase and casein.

[0007] Gelatinase and casein were purchased from Dongheng Huadao Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of gelatinase to casein in the biological enzyme is 1:1-5.

[0009] Biological enzymes are proteins with catalytic functions. The biological enzymes used in the present invention are gelatinase and casein secreted by the microorganism Bacillus subtilis, which can hydrolyze gelatin and casein; casein breaks down protein into peptides, which are then hydrolyzed into amino acids by peptidase.

[0010] Paecilomyces lilacinus ( Paecilomyces lilacinus ) is an endoparasitic fungus and a key natural enemy of some plant-parasitic nematodes. It can parasitize eggs and infect larvae and females, significantly reducing the damage caused by plant nematodes, including root-knot nematodes, cyst nematodes, and stem nematodes, in various crops. It was purchased from the Hangzhou branch of Wuhan Huizao Biotechnology Co., Ltd. and isolated from Artemisia annua stems.

[0011] Bacillus subtilis ( Bacillus subtilis Bacillus spp. is a species of Bacillus, with individual cells measuring 0.7-0.8 μm by 2-3 μm and uniformly colored. It lacks a capsule, but is motile with peritrichous flagella. This Gram-positive bacterium forms endogenous, stress-resistant spores measuring 0.6-0.9 μm by 1.0-1.5 μm, elliptical to cylindrical, and located centrally or slightly to the side of the cell. Spore formation does not result in expansion. It grows and reproduces rapidly, with a rough, opaque colony surface that is dirty white or slightly yellowish. When grown in liquid culture, it often forms wrinkled molds. It is an aerobic bacterium. Purchased from Shanghai Shifeng Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0012] Bacillus megaterium ( Bacillus megaterium de Bary , 1884): Rod-shaped with rounded ends, either singly or in short chains. 1.2-1.5 x 2.0-4.0 μm, strictly aerobic, motile, Gram-positive. Spores are 1.0-1.2 x 1.5-2.0 μm, oval, mesophotic or subterminal. Spores vary in shape from oval to elongated. The strain is unable to produce acetylmethyl carbinol. It is motile, but slow, requiring free oxygen. Purchased from Hubei Qiming Bioengineering Co., Ltd.

[0013] Paecilomyces lilacinus can parasitize nematodes in the soil, reducing their numbers and improving the structure of the soil microbial community. Furthermore, its metabolites promote the formation of soil aggregates, increase soil porosity, and enhance soil air permeability and water retention. During its growth and metabolism, Paecilomyces lilacinus produces organic substances such as sugars and amino acids. These substances serve as nutrients for Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium, providing essential carbon and nitrogen sources for their growth and reproduction, thereby promoting the growth of these two species. While active in the soil, Paecilomyces lilacinus helps improve the soil's microecological environment, such as by regulating soil pH and increasing soil air permeability. This more favorable living environment facilitates the survival and growth of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium. The presence of Paecilomyces lilacinus within the soil microbial community helps maintain relative stability, forming a mutually dependent and mutually restrictive relationship with other beneficial microorganisms. This stable community structure is conducive to the survival and functioning of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium, reducing the interference of external factors on their functions. Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium can decompose organic matter in the soil, such as cellulose and lignin, and convert it into humus. Humus can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and enhance its fertility. Moreover, the exopolysaccharides and other substances they secrete during their growth also help stabilize the soil aggregate structure. During their growth, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium can decompose organic matter in the soil and convert it into small-molecule nutrients, such as amino acids and vitamins. These nutrients provide the necessary nutrients for the growth and metabolism of Paecilomyces lilacinus, meeting its growth and development needs in the soil environment, thereby promoting its reproduction and increasing its population in the soil. Furthermore, the two Bacillus species can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil through their own metabolic activities. For example, they can adjust the soil's pH, bringing it closer to the optimal growth range for Paecilomyces lilacinus. They also increase soil air permeability and water retention, creating a more suitable living environment for Paecilomyces lilacinus and promoting its growth and reproduction. In the soil ecosystem, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium, along with Paecilomyces lilacinus, form a relatively stable microbial community. They collaborate and mutually restrict each other, maintaining the balance and stability of the community. Together, these three elements comprehensively optimize the soil environment.

[0014] At the same time, the three can also promote plant growth from multiple aspects such as promoting root growth, providing growth hormones and increasing nutrient supply.

[0015] This invention utilizes base replacement to regulate soil pH while reducing the amount of desulfurized gypsum used. It also improves the physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali soils through soil biochemical reactions, reducing the degree of soil salinization. Based on the principle of ion exchange, this method reduces the soil's adsorption of sodium ions, alters soil structure, increases soil aggregates and porosity, and enhances the soil's ability to drain salt and reduce waterlogging. This promotes soil desalination while increasing soil aggregate stability, boosting soil water storage capacity, accelerating the transfer of salt and alkali ions to deeper soil layers, and reducing the salinity and alkali content in the soil surface.

[0016] The main components of desulfurized gypsum are CaSO4 and a small amount of CaSO3. Its properties are similar to those of natural gypsum. It is rich in S, Ca, Si and other mineral nutrients that are essential or beneficial to plants. Adding desulfurized gypsum to the soil can reduce the alkalinity of the soil. The reason is that the Ca in the gypsum 2+ It reacts with free sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate in the soil to produce calcium carbonate or calcium bicarbonate, reducing soil alkalinity. The abundant calcium also activates many plant enzymes. However, excessive use of desulfurized gypsum can easily cause secondary pollution. This invention combines a small amount of desulfurized gypsum with potassium fulvic acid, decomposed animal feces, biological enzymes, and a complex microbial complex to synergistically reduce the salinity and alkalinity content in the soil surface.

[0017] Biological enzymes can inhibit the survival of harmful bacteria by activating the beneficial microbial flora in the soil to increase its proliferation, improve soil compaction and soil fertility, increase the proportion of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, thereby creating a soil environment conducive to crop growth, assisting the efficient function of beneficial microbial flora, and resisting the return of saline-alkali land through the soil's own repair.

[0018] The potassium fulvic acid and decomposed animal manure in the formula provide a better living environment for biological enzymes and beneficial microorganisms, reducing the use of chemical fertilizers. The main components of chemical fertilizers are inorganic salts. The reduction in the use of chemical fertilizers is very important for the subsequent treatment of salinization and alkali.

[0019] Boric acid can play a certain buffering role in the soil, adjusting the pH value of the soil. At the same time, boron is also one of the indispensable trace elements for plants.

[0020] The present invention can more quickly treat saline-alkali land with reduced investment and significant effect. It can repair and improve saline-alkali soil, making it suitable for the growth and development of crops and facilitating agricultural cultivation.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the method for preparing decomposed animal feces comprises the following steps: S1. Mixing animal feces, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus megaterium, and fermenting the mixture at 55-70° C. for 5-7 days to obtain a mixture; S2. Adding Paecilomyces lilacinus to the mixture, continuing fermentation at 25° C.-30° C. until the number of the three bacteria reaches the required number, then stopping the fermentation to obtain the decomposed animal feces.

[0022] The quantity requirement is that the decomposed animal feces contain 4-6 parts of composite microorganisms; in the composite microorganisms, the concentration ratio of Paecilomyces lilacinus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium is Paecilomyces lilacinus: Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus megaterium = 1-2:1-2:1-2.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the saline-alkali land soil conditioner comprises, by weight: 27-40 parts of decomposed animal manure, 1-5 parts of boric acid, 30-40 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 20-30 parts of potassium fulvic acid; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 3-5 parts of biological enzymes and 4-6 parts of complex microorganisms.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the saline-alkali land soil conditioner comprises, by weight: 27-40 parts of decomposed animal manure, 1-3 parts of boric acid, 30-40 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 20-30 parts of potassium fulvic acid; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 3-5 parts of biological enzymes and 4-6 parts of complex microorganisms.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the saline-alkali land soil conditioner comprises, by weight: 27-40 parts of decomposed animal manure, 1-3 parts of boric acid, 30-40 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 20-30 parts of potassium fulvic acid; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 3-5 parts of biological enzymes and 4-5 parts of complex microorganisms.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the decomposed animal manure is decomposed cow manure, decomposed sheep manure, decomposed chicken manure or decomposed duck manure.

[0027] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also claims protection for a method for preparing the saline-alkali soil conditioner, comprising the following steps: Add desulfurized gypsum, potassium fulvic acid and boric acid to the decomposed animal manure in sequence, mix them evenly, and then granulate them to make granules; Then 20-40wt% of the particles are coated to obtain coated particles; The coated particles are mixed evenly with the remaining particles to obtain the saline-alkali land soil conditioner.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the coating treatment is to preheat 20-40wt% of the particles to 60°C-80°C; then heat a mixture of sulfur and paraffin to 120°C-140°C to melt it, and spray it on the surface of the preheated particles to form a dense sulfur film on the surface of the particles.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of the mixture of sulfur and paraffin to the particles is 2-10:17; in the mixture of sulfur and paraffin, the mass ratio of sulfur to paraffin is 13:1-5.

[0030] The present invention adopts 20-40wt% of the particle coating process, reduces the use amount of coating material, reduces production cost, is lower than the cost of all coatings, and can balance cost and effect to a certain extent. The particles of the uncoated part can quickly contact with the soil and play a role, and can quickly adjust the soil salinity in the early stage of improving the soil, meeting the growth needs of plants in the short term. The sulfur in the coating part can slowly release acidic substances over a long period of time, continuously adjust the soil salinity, ensure that the soil maintains a suitable environment over a long period of time, provide stable soil conditions for plant growth, and overcome the shortcomings of uncontrollable and easy loss of fertility release of uncoated improvers. At the same time, the present invention adopts 20-40wt% of the particle coating process through multiple experiments, according to the characteristics of saline-alkali land, and its regulating effect is best.

[0031] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also claims protection for a method for improving saline-alkali soil, comprising the following steps: The saline-alkali land soil conditioner is evenly spread on the flat saline-alkali land surface, and then rotary tillage is carried out. After the tillage is completed, water is immediately added to the field, and rice is planted in due time; and the field is managed according to the rice field management technical method.

[0032] First, the cultivated paddy field is leveled, the saline-alkali land soil conditioner is evenly spread, and then rotary tillage is performed. The rotary tillage must be meticulous. The saline-alkali land itself has poor soil permeability. Good rotary tillage can enhance the permeability of the soil and also allow the soil conditioner to be more evenly distributed in the cultivated layer. After the rotary tillage is completed, water is immediately added to the field, and rice seedlings are transplanted in time. Field management is carried out in accordance with rice planting techniques.

[0033] The amount of spreading should be adjusted according to the nature of the saline-alkali land.

[0034] The saline-alkali soil conditioner of the present invention can effectively increase soil aggregate structure, improve soil water-holding capacity, and increase the number of beneficial microbial species in the soil, thus playing a positive role in forming a stable soil structure. When evenly applied to the surface of saline-alkali soil, mechanical tillage and soil pH, salinity, and bulk density were measured to significantly decrease.

[0035] The present invention optimizes the current technical means for improving saline-alkali land salt, adopts a long-term mode of sulfur-coated particles and a quick-acting mode of uncoated particles for mixing, reduces its operational complexity, and facilitates subsequent large-scale promotion. It effectively adapts to various types of saline-alkali soils, and is of great significance to improving the stability of saline-alkali land ecosystems and enhancing their productivity. It solves the current technical difficulties in improving and managing saline-alkali land. The present invention uses a saline-alkali land soil conditioner to efficiently manage saline-alkali land, avoid soil salinization, and provide strong technical support for the efficient, reasonable and sustainable utilization of water, soil and biological resources in saline-alkali land. The saline-alkali land soil conditioner of the present invention can also improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, while increasing the nutrient content of the soil, effectively curbing the process of soil salinization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a photo of the plot before improvement; Figure 2 This is a photo of the improved plot; Figure 3 The following are photos of the rice growing three years after improvement; Figure 4 This is a photo of the average ear weight of rice three years after improvement; Figure 5 This is a photo of the average 100-grain weight of rice three years after improvement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments. Based on the disclosure of the present invention, a person skilled in the art may adopt a variety of other specific embodiments to implement the present invention. Any simple changes or modifications made to the design structure and concept of the present invention fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other unless they conflict. Example

[0038] The experimental base is the paddy field in Tongyu County, Jilin Province. The rice experiment covers an area of ​​10 mu, with a pH value of 9.1 and a salt content of 0.4-0.6%.

[0039] The saline-alkali soil conditioner used includes, by weight, 30 parts of decomposed animal manure, 3 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 30 parts of potassium fulvic acid; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 5 parts of biological enzymes and 5 parts of composite microorganisms; and among the composite microorganisms, the concentration ratio of Paecilomyces lilacinus, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus megaterium is 1:1:1.

[0040] Gelatinase and casein were purchased from Dongheng Huadao Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0041] In the biological enzyme, the mass ratio of gelatinase to casein is 1:5.

[0042] The method for preparing the decomposed animal feces comprises the following steps: S1. Mixing cow dung, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium, fermenting them at 65° C. for 5-7 days to obtain a mixture; S2. Adding Paecilomyces lilacinus to the mixture, continuing fermentation at 30° C. until the number of the three types of bacteria reaches the required number, then stopping the fermentation to obtain the decomposed animal feces.

[0043] The preparation method of the saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises the following steps: Add desulfurized gypsum, potassium fulvic acid and boric acid to the decomposed animal manure in sequence, mix them evenly, and then granulate them to make granules; 30 wt% of the particles are then coated to form coated particles. The coating process involves preheating the particles to 80°C with a sulfur-paraffin mixture at a mass ratio of 3:17 to the particles. The sulfur-paraffin mixture is then heated to 120°C, with a mass ratio of 13:2, melted, and sprayed onto the preheated particles, forming a dense sulfur film.

[0044] The coated particles are mixed evenly with the remaining particles to obtain the saline-alkali land soil conditioner.

[0045] The method for improving saline-alkali land soil includes the following steps: first, leveling the cultivated paddy field, evenly spreading 20 kg of the saline-alkali land soil improver, and then performing rotary tillage. The rotary tillage must be meticulous. The saline-alkali land itself has poor soil permeability. Good rotary tillage can enhance the permeability of the soil and also allow the soil improver to be more evenly distributed in the cultivated layer. After the rotary tillage is completed, water is immediately added to the field, and rice seedlings are transplanted in a timely manner. Field management is carried out in accordance with rice planting techniques.

[0046] Usage amount: Use fertilizer with potassium sulfate>51% as base fertilizer at 40kg per mu. The experimental results show that 50-60 days after application, the pH value of the crops in the season dropped from 9.1 to 8, and the soil salt content dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.15-0.2%. After three years of continuous experiments, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 7.3, and the soil salt content dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.1-0.2%. Figure 1 The improved plot is shown as Figure 2 The growth of the rice after three years of improvement is shown in Figure 3 As shown in Figure 2. Three years after the improvement, the average weight of rice ears was 25g, and the average weight of 100 rice grains was 4g. Compared with the values ​​before the improvement, the saline-alkali land was completely unsuitable for growing rice. Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown. Example

[0047] The experimental base is the paddy field in Zhenlai County, with an area of ​​10 mu of rice, a pH value of 8.9, and a salt content of 0.3-0.4%.

[0048] The saline-alkali soil conditioner used, by weight, consists of 27 parts of decomposed animal manure, 5 parts of boric acid, 35 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 30 parts of potassium fulvate. The decomposed animal manure contains 4 parts of biological enzymes and 4 parts of a composite microorganism. The composite microorganisms contain Paecilomyces lilacinus, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus megaterium in a 1:1:1 ratio. Gelatinase and caseinase were purchased from Dongheng Huadao Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0049] In the biological enzyme, the mass ratio of gelatinase to casein is 1:3.

[0050] The method for improving saline-alkali land soil includes the following steps: first, leveling the cultivated paddy field, evenly spreading 20 kg of the saline-alkali land soil improver, and then performing rotary tillage. The rotary tillage must be meticulous. The saline-alkali land itself has poor soil permeability. Good rotary tillage can enhance the permeability of the soil and also allow the soil improver to be more evenly distributed in the cultivated layer. After the rotary tillage is completed, water is immediately added to the field, and rice seedlings are transplanted in a timely manner. Field management is carried out in accordance with rice planting techniques.

[0051] Usage amount: 45 kg per mu of fertilizer containing potassium sulfate>51% is used as base fertilizer. Other aspects are the same as those in Example 1.

[0052] Experimental results showed that within 50-60 days of application to the current crop, the pH value dropped from 8.9 to 7.9, and the soil salinity decreased from 0.4-0.6% to 0.13-0.2%. After three years of continuous experimentation, the pH value dropped from 8.9 to 7.5, and the soil salinity decreased from 0.4-0.6% to 0.1-0.2%. After three years of improvement, the average single ear weight of rice was 26g, and the average 100-grain weight was 4.8g. Example

[0053] The experimental base is the dry land in Yian County, Heilongjiang Province, with 2 acres of corn, a pH value of 8.7, and a salt content of 0.3-0.4%.

[0054] The saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises, by weight: 40 parts of decomposed animal manure, 3 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 25 parts of potassium fulvic acid; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 5 parts of biological enzymes and 6 parts of complex microorganisms.

[0055] In the composite microorganism, the concentration ratio of Paecilomyces lilacinus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium is 1:1:1. Gelatinase and casein were purchased from Dongheng Huadao Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0056] In the biological enzyme, the mass ratio of gelatinase to casein is 1:4.

[0057] The method for improving saline-alkali land soil includes the following steps: first, leveling the cultivated paddy field, evenly spreading 20 kg of the saline-alkali land soil improver, and then performing rotary tillage. The rotary tillage must be meticulous. The saline-alkali land itself has poor soil permeability. Good rotary tillage can enhance the permeability of the soil and also allow the soil improver to be more evenly distributed in the cultivated layer. After the rotary tillage is completed, water is immediately added to the field, and rice seedlings are transplanted in a timely manner. Field management is carried out in accordance with rice planting techniques.

[0058] Dosage: 50 kg per mu of fertilizer containing potassium sulfate > 51% was used as base fertilizer. Other aspects were the same as in Example 1.

[0059] Experimental results showed that within 50-60 days of application to the current crop, the pH value dropped from 8.7 to 7.8, and the soil salinity decreased from 0.3-0.4% to 0.12-0.2%. After three years of continuous experimentation, the pH value dropped from 8.7 to 7.2, and the soil salinity decreased from 0.3-0.4% to 0.1-0.2%. After three years of improvement, the average weight of a single rice ear was 25.8g, and the average weight of 100 grains was 4.7g.

[0060] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that the saline-alkali soil conditioner used, by weight, only includes: 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum and 30 parts of potassium fulvic acid.

[0061] The prepared soil conditioner was then evenly spread. Experimental results showed that 50-60 days after application to the current crop, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 8.5, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.3-0.4%. After three years of continuous experiments, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 8.0, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.25-0.35%. After three years of improvement, the average weight of a single rice ear was 18g, and the average weight of 100 rice grains was 3.2g.

[0062] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that the saline-alkali soil conditioner used includes, by weight, 3 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 30 parts of potassium fulvic acid.

[0063] The prepared soil conditioner was then evenly spread on the crops for 50-60 days. The pH value dropped from 9.1 to 8.3, and the soil salinity decreased from 0.4-0.6% to 0.3-0.4%. After three years of continuous experimentation, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 7.8, and the soil salinity decreased from 0.4-0.6% to 0.2-0.3%. After three years of improvement, the average weight of a single rice ear was 19g, and the average weight of 100 grains was 3.2g.

[0064] Comparative Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that the saline-alkali soil conditioner used includes, by weight, 30 parts of decomposed animal manure, 3 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 30 parts of potassium fulvic acid; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 5 parts of biological enzymes.

[0065] The prepared soil conditioner was then evenly spread. Experimental results showed that 50-60 days after application to the current crop, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 8.3, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.25-0.4%. After three years of continuous experiments, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 7.7, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.2-0.3%. After three years of improvement, the average weight of a single rice ear was 22g, and the average weight of 100 rice grains was 3.4g.

[0066] Comparative Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that the saline-alkali soil conditioner used includes, by weight, 30 parts of decomposed animal manure, 3 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 30 parts of potassium fulvic acid; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 5 parts of biological enzymes and 5 parts of composite microorganisms; and in the composite microorganisms, the concentration ratio of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium is 1:1.

[0067] The prepared soil conditioner was then evenly spread. Experimental results showed that 50-60 days after application to the current crop, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 8.2, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.15-0.2%. After three years of continuous experiments, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 7.6, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.1-0.2%. After three years of improvement, the average single ear weight of rice was 24g, and the average 100-grain weight of rice was 3.6g.

[0068] Comparative Example 5 The difference from Example 1 is that the saline-alkali soil conditioner used includes, by weight, 30 parts of decomposed animal manure, 3 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 30 parts of potassium fulvic acid; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 5 parts of biological enzymes and 5 parts of composite microorganisms; and in the composite microorganisms, the concentration ratio of Paecilomyces lilacinus and Bacillus megaterium is 1:1.

[0069] The prepared soil conditioner was then evenly spread. Experimental results showed that 50-60 days after application to the current crop, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 8.3, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.15-0.2%. After three years of continuous experiments, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 7.5, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.1-0.2%. After three years of improvement, the average weight of a single rice ear was 24.5g, and the average weight of 100 rice grains was 3.5g.

[0070] Comparative Example 6 The difference from Example 1 is that the saline-alkali soil conditioner used includes, by weight, 30 parts of decomposed animal manure, 3 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 30 parts of potassium fulvic acid; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 5 parts of biological enzymes and 5 parts of composite microorganisms; and in the composite microorganisms, the concentration ratio of Paecilomyces lilacinus and Bacillus subtilis is 1:1.

[0071] The prepared soil conditioner was then evenly spread. Experimental results showed that 50-60 days after application to the current crop, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 8.2, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.2-0.3%. After three years of continuous experiments, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 7.7, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.15-0.25%. After three years of improvement, the average weight of a single rice ear was 23g, and the average weight of 100 rice grains was 3.5g.

[0072] Comparative Example 7 The difference from Example 1 is that the saline-alkali soil conditioner used includes, by weight, 30 parts of decomposed animal manure, 3 parts of boric acid, 30 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 30 parts of potassium fulvic acid; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 5 parts of composite microorganisms; and among the composite microorganisms, the concentration ratio of Paecilomyces lilacinus, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus megaterium is 1:1:1.

[0073] The prepared soil conditioner was then evenly spread. Experimental results showed that 50-60 days after application to the current crop, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 8.2, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.15-0.2%. After three years of continuous experiments, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 7.5, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.1-0.2%. After three years of improvement, the average weight of a single rice ear was 20g, and the average weight of 100 rice grains was 3.4g.

[0074] Comparative Example 8 The difference from Example 1 is that the method for preparing the decomposed animal manure is as follows: cattle manure, Bacillus subtilis, Paecilomyces lilacinus, and Bacillus megaterium are mixed, fermented at 65°C for 7-10 days, and the decomposed animal manure is obtained. The prepared soil conditioner is then evenly spread.

[0075] Because the conditions in the early stages of fermentation are not conducive to the reproduction of Paecilomyces lilacinus, there is a serious shortage of Paecilomyces lilacinus in decomposed animal manure. Therefore, the experimental results show that 50-60 days after application to the current crop, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 8.2, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.15-0.25%. After three years of continuous experiments, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 7.5, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.1-0.2%. After three years of improvement, the average weight of a single rice ear was 22g, and the average weight of 100 rice grains was 3.7g.

[0076] Comparative Example 9 The difference from Example 1 is that all the particles are coated to obtain coated particles. The coating treatment involves preheating 30 wt% of the particles to 80°C. Then, sulfur is heated to 120°C to melt it and sprayed on the surface of the preheated particles to form a dense sulfur film. The prepared soil conditioner is then evenly spread.

[0077] Experimental results showed that within 50-60 days of application to the current crop, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 8.8, and the soil salinity decreased from 0.4-0.6% to 0.35-0.45%. After three years of continuous experimentation, the pH value dropped from 9.1 to 7.3, and the soil salinity decreased from 0.4-0.6% to 0.15-0.25%. After three years of improvement, the average weight of a single rice ear was 24g, and the average weight of 100 grains was 3.7g.

[0078] Comparative Example 10 The difference from Example 1 is that all the particles are not coated to obtain a soil conditioner. The prepared soil conditioner is then evenly spread. The experimental results show that 50-60 days after the application of the current crop, the pH value dropped from the original 9.1 to 7.6, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.15-0.2%. After three years of continuous experiments, the pH value dropped from the original 9.1 to 7.5, and the soil salinity dropped from 0.4-0.6% to 0.15-0.25%. After three years of improvement, the average single ear weight of rice was 20g, and the average 100-grain weight of rice was 3.1g.

[0079] Comparative Example 11 The difference from Example 1 is that 50wt% of the particles are coated to obtain coated particles. The coating treatment involves preheating 50wt% of the particles to 80°C; then, sulfur is heated to 120°C to melt it and sprayed onto the surface of the preheated particles, forming a dense sulfur film. The prepared soil conditioner is then evenly spread. Experimental results show that 50-60 days after application to the current crop, the pH value drops from 9.1 to 8.2, and the soil salinity drops from 0.4-0.6% to 0.2-0.3%. After three years of continuous testing, the pH value drops from 9.1 to 7.4, and the soil salinity drops from 0.4-0.6% to 0.15-0.25%. After three years of improvement, the average single ear weight of rice is 24.6g, and the average 100-grain weight is 3.8g.

[0080] It should be noted that the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. A person skilled in the art would be able to make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is not possible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any obvious variations or modifications arising from the technical solution of the present invention remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A saline-alkali soil conditioner, characterized in that: The invention comprises, by weight, 20-40 parts of decomposed animal manure, 1-5 parts of boric acid, 30-40 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 20-30 parts of potassium fulvic acid; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 3-5 parts of biological enzymes and 4-6 parts of composite microorganisms; and among the composite microorganisms, the concentration ratio of Paecilomyces lilacinus, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus megaterium is Paecilomyces lilacinus: Bacillus subtilis: Bacillus megaterium = 1-2:1-2:1-2.

2. The saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that The method for preparing the decomposed animal feces comprises the following steps: S1. Mixing animal feces, Bacillus subtilis, and Bacillus megaterium, and fermenting the mixture at 55-70° C. for 5-7 days to obtain a mixture; S2. Adding Paecilomyces lilacinus to the mixture, continuing fermentation at 25° C.-30° C. until the number of the three bacteria reaches the required number, then stopping the fermentation to obtain the decomposed animal feces.

3. The saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that The decomposed animal excrement includes decomposed cow dung, decomposed sheep dung, decomposed chicken dung or decomposed duck dung.

4. The saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that The saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises, by weight, 27-40 parts of decomposed animal manure, 1-5 parts of boric acid, 30-40 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 20-30 parts of potassium fulvic acid; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 3-5 parts of biological enzymes and 4-6 parts of composite microorganisms.

5. The saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that The saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises, by weight, 27-40 parts of decomposed animal manure, 1-3 parts of boric acid, 30-40 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 20-30 parts of potassium fulvic acid; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 3-5 parts of biological enzymes and 4-6 parts of composite microorganisms.

6. The saline-alkali soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that The saline-alkali soil conditioner comprises, by weight, 27-40 parts of decomposed animal manure, 1-3 parts of boric acid, 30-40 parts of desulfurized gypsum, and 20-30 parts of potassium fulvic acid; wherein the decomposed animal manure contains 3-5 parts of biological enzymes and 4-5 parts of composite microorganisms.

7. The method for preparing the saline-alkali soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Add desulfurized gypsum, potassium fulvic acid and boric acid to the decomposed animal manure in sequence, mix them evenly, and then granulate them to make granules; Then 20-40wt% of the particles are coated to obtain coated particles; The coated particles are mixed evenly with the remaining particles to obtain the saline-alkali land soil conditioner.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that The coating treatment is to preheat 20-40wt% of the particles to 60-80°C; then heat a mixture of sulfur and paraffin to 120-140°C to melt it, and spray it on the surface of the preheated particles to form a dense sulfur film on the surface of the particles.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that The mass ratio of the mixture of sulfur and paraffin to the particles is 2-10:17; in the mixture of sulfur and paraffin, the mass ratio of sulfur to paraffin is 13:1-5.

10. A method for improving saline-alkali soil, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The saline-alkali land soil conditioner is evenly spread on the flat saline-alkali land surface, and then rotary tillage is carried out. After the tillage is completed, water is immediately added to the field, and rice is planted in due time; and the field is managed according to the rice field management technical method.

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