Preparation method of amphiphilic Janus particle and durable hydrophobic coating

Abstract

The invention discloses an amphiphilic Janus particle and a preparation method of a durable hydrophobic coating. The Janus particle is prepared from a high-surface-energy light-cured resin prepolymer and a low-surface-energy light-cured prepolymer and has two surface areas, and the two sides of the Janus particle show polar and non-polar properties respectively; the surface energy of the high-surface-energy light-cured resin prepolymer is higher than 20mN / m; the surface energy of the low-surface-energy light-cured resin prepolymer is lower than 20 mN / m. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly dispersing Janus particles, film-forming resin and an organic solvent to prepare a Janus particle dispersion liquid, spraying the dispersion liquid on a base material to prepare a coating, and then drying and curing to prepare the durable hydrophobic coating. By regulating and controlling the two ends of the Janus particles, the problem that durability is insufficient when a hydrophobic coating is prepared through a spraying method can be solved, the service life of the hydrophobic coating is prolonged, and the method has wide application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of microspheres, and in particular to a method for preparing amphiphilic Janus particles and a durable hydrophobic coating. Background Art

[0002] Since the discovery of the lotus effect, the field of wettability research has received widespread attention from academia and industry, and has made significant progress. As an important research direction in this field, hydrophobic surfaces have been applied to many aspects of industrial production, agricultural technology, and daily life. Specifically, hydrophobic surfaces have shown important application value in the fields of glass waterproof and anti-fog coatings, self-cleaning functions of radar and satellite antennas, anti-adhesion technology, antibacterial surface treatment of medical devices, and drag-reducing coatings on the inner walls of pipelines. From the perspective of preparation methods, the construction of hydrophobic surfaces is mainly based on two strategies: one is to construct micro-nanoscale rough structures on low surface energy materials, and the other is to chemically modify the rough surface with low surface energy materials. At present, a variety of mature preparation technologies have been applied to the research and development of hydrophobic surfaces, including chemical vapor deposition, self-assembly technology, chemical etching, electrospinning, sol-gel method, anodization, and spraying method. Among them, the spraying method can be widely used on the surfaces of various substrates due to its high efficiency and flexibility. However, the widespread adoption of spray coating in practical engineering applications still faces challenges. The most prominent issue is that the functional particles, due to their low surface energy, lack sufficient adhesion to the substrate, resulting in insufficient durability of the resulting coating. This limitation severely limits the lifespan and reliability of hydrophobic surfaces after wear. Improving the mechanical strength of hydrophobic surfaces while maintaining excellent wetting properties remains a key research challenge.

[0003] Janus particles (JPs) are a class of particles with two or more surface regions. Compared to single-component particles, they exhibit anisotropic physical and chemical properties and have attracted considerable attention in areas such as coatings, surfactants, electronic sensors, and drug delivery. Compared to homogeneous particles, Janus particles have the potential to combine low surface energy with adhesion in the preparation of hydrophobic coatings. By preparing dual-sided functional particles, with one side containing a non-polar material to provide hydrophobic properties and the other containing a polar material, the compatibility of the particles with polar resin substrates can be improved, thereby enhancing the bonding ability between the particles and the substrate and extending the performance and service life of the coating after wear. Currently, there is little research on hydrophobic coatings constructed with Janus particles, and it is still unclear how the morphology of Janus particles affects the performance of hydrophobic coatings. Therefore, the development of a durable hydrophobic coating using Janus particles as a filler has significant practical significance and application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention application provides a method for preparing amphiphilic Janus particles and a durable hydrophobic coating. The present invention application combines the internal phase separation of emulsion droplets and photopolymerization technology to develop a simple method for preparing anisotropic JPs with controllable leaf components. A co-solvent is used to dissolve two incompatible photocurable resin prepolymers to form an oil phase, and then the solvent is emulsified and volatilized to induce phase separation of the droplets and then UV curing is performed to prepare JPs. The present invention has the advantages of simplicity and high efficiency, mild conditions, high yield, scalable preparation, and strong adjustability. It does not require the preparation of a template in advance to achieve preparation, and the particle components can be expanded without being limited to linear polymers. It represents an advancement in the field of anisotropic material synthesis.

[0005] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] The first object of the present invention is to provide an amphiphilic Janus particle made of a high surface energy photocurable resin prepolymer and a low surface energy photocurable prepolymer, having two surface regions, with two sides exhibiting polar and non-polar properties respectively;

[0007] The surface energy of the high surface energy photocurable resin prepolymer is higher than 20mN / m;

[0008] The surface energy of the low-surface-energy photocurable resin prepolymer is lower than 20 mN / m.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the high surface energy photocurable resin prepolymer is one or more of polyurethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, and polyester acrylate; the low surface energy photocurable resin prepolymer is one or more of silicone-modified acrylate, epoxidized soybean oil acrylate, fluorine-modified acrylate, photocurable silicone rubber, and dodecyl acrylate.

[0010] A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned amphiphilic Janus particles, comprising the following steps:

[0011] (1) dissolving a high surface energy photocurable resin prepolymer and a low surface energy photocurable resin prepolymer in an organic solvent as an oil phase, and using an aqueous dispersion of an emulsifier as a water phase;

[0012] (2) The aqueous phase and the oil phase are mixed, and an emulsion is prepared by high-speed emulsification. The organic solvent in the emulsion is removed by heating to 25-40° C., and the emulsion is irradiated and cured by a photocuring system. After washing and drying, the amphiphilic Janus particles are obtained.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the weight proportions of the raw materials in the oil phase are:

[0014]

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the organic solvent is one or more of aromatic hydrocarbons, alicyclic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, ethers, and esters.

[0016] Preferably, the organic solvent is one or more of diethyl ether, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methyl acetate.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the photoinitiator is one or more of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone, bis(1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-pyrrolyl)titanocene, 2-methyl-1-(4-methylthiophenyl)-2-morpholinyl-1-propanone, and 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)butanone.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the concentration of the aqueous dispersion of the emulsifier is 0.5-5wt%; the emulsifier is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, polysorbate 80, and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the mass ratio of the oil phase to the water phase is 1:4-10.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), high-speed emulsification is performed using a homogenizer at a speed of 5000-20000 rpm for 2-10 minutes.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, in step (2), the light curing system is UV light curing, the UV light source wavelength is 230-420 nm, and the irradiation curing time is 1-10 min.

[0022] A third object of the present invention is to provide a durable hydrophobic coating based on amphiphilic Janus particles.

[0023] A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a durable hydrophobic coating containing the above-mentioned amphiphilic Janus particles, comprising the following steps:

[0024] The amphiphilic Janus particles, film-forming resin, and organic solvent are mixed and dispersed at high speed to obtain a Janus particle dispersion. The obtained dispersion is evenly sprayed on various substrates using a spray gun at a certain spraying pressure and spraying distance to obtain a coating. After the coating is dried at room temperature, it is subsequently cured to obtain a durable hydrophobic coating.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, the weight proportions of the raw materials in the dispersion are:

[0026] 3-20 parts of amphiphilic Janus particles;

[0027] 4-10 parts of film-forming resin;

[0028] 100-300 parts of organic solvent.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present invention, the film-forming resin is a photocurable resin, a water-based resin, or a thermosetting resin.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the photocurable resin is one or more of polyurethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, and polyester acrylate; the water-based resin is one or more of water-based polyurethane resin, water-based acrylic resin, and water-based epoxy resin; and the thermosetting resin is one or more of epoxy resin, polyester resin, polybutadiene resin, silicone resin, and fluorocarbon resin.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, the organic solvent is one or more of ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, cyclohexanone, cyclohexane, turpentine, dichloromethane, chloroform, and toluene.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the spraying pressure is 0.1-1.0 MPa, and the spraying distance is 10-30 cm.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the substrate is one of steel plate, wood, non-woven fabric, glass, and paper.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, the subsequent curing method is one of light curing, room temperature curing and heat curing.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the light curing system used for light curing is UV light curing, the wavelength of the UV light source is 230-420 nm, and the irradiation curing time is 1-10 minutes.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, room temperature curing is curing at room temperature for 24 hours.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, thermal curing is performed at 70-90° C. for 6-10 h.

[0038] The durable hydrophobic coating prepared by the present invention has excellent hydrophobic properties, and its static water contact angle is higher than 90°. After being rubbed with sandpaper 200 times, the static water contact angle is still higher than 90°, showing excellent mechanical stability and durability after the coating is worn.

[0039] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0040] The amphiphilic Janus particles of this invention are prepared in a single step using photopolymerization technology. Composed of a high-surface-energy material and a low-surface-energy photocurable material, they possess two surface regions and two sides with distinct chemical structures, exhibiting polar and non-polar properties, respectively. Photopolymerization technology offers advantages such as high efficiency, rapidity, and simplicity, making it suitable for industrial production of Janus particles. Furthermore, the durable hydrophobic coating is achieved by spraying a Janus particle dispersion directly onto the substrate surface, making it applicable to a variety of substrates and offering greater versatility and applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the preparation process of the amphiphilic Janus particles in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the preparation process of the durable hydrophobic coating in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 Scanning electron microscope images of (a) Janus particles prepared in Example 1 of the present invention and (b) their cross-sections.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the durable hydrophobic coating prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the coating prepared in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the coating prepared in Comparative Example 2 of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 7 The water contact angles of the coatings prepared in Example 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 2 before and after being rubbed 200 times with sandpaper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0049] Figure 1 This figure is a schematic diagram of the preparation process for the amphiphilic Janus particles of the present invention. Two prepolymers with different surface energies can be mixed into a homogeneous phase in an organic solvent. As the solvent evaporates, the resin precipitates from the oil phase. Due to their poor compatibility, the resin phase separates and ultimately accumulates at both ends of the droplet, forming an anisotropic structure. After UV irradiation, the photocurable prepolymer undergoes a curing reaction, resulting in the production of Janus particles.

[0050] Figure 2This figure shows the process flow for preparing the durable hydrophobic coating of the present invention. Janus particles are mixed with a film-forming resin in a solvent and sprayed onto the substrate surface. After curing, the film forms. The high-surface-energy end of the Janus particles binds to the resin for stable dispersion, while the low-surface-energy end is exposed, lowering the surface energy of the coating. This dual effect synergistically ensures substrate strength while imparting hydrophobicity to the coating.

[0051] Source of raw materials:

[0052] Changxing Special Materials (Zhuhai) Co., Ltd.: Difunctional polyurethane acrylate 6164, trifunctional polyurethane acrylate 6170, hexafunctional polyurethane acrylate 6145-100, epoxy acrylate RY1101, epoxy acrylate 6215-100, polyester acrylate DR-E524, silicone-modified acrylate 6225, light-curing silicone resin E4629H, silicone oil-modified acrylate resin Si-350, epoxy soybean oil acrylate 6261, fluorine-modified polyurethane acrylate 61998, aliphatic polyurethane acrylate 61967; Zicai Chemical Co., Ltd.: polyether polyurethane acrylate ZC6203.

[0053] Test method:

[0054] (1) Surface energy calculation: The Young equation and the harmonic mean method were used to calculate the interfacial energy between polymer and water phase and between polymer and polymer. The interfacial energy between polymer and water phase (γ sl ) According to the Young equation, formula 1 is as follows:

[0055] γ sg =γ sl +γ lg cosθ sl (1)

[0056] The surface energy γ of aqueous phase containing different emulsifiers at 40℃ was measured by surface tension meter (DCAT25). lg The contact angle (θ sl ), where the volume of the aqueous solution is 5 μL, and all contact angles are the average of three tests. The surface energy of the polymer (γ sg ) is obtained by calculating the surface energy components of the polymer using the Owens-Wendt method. The specific process is to calculate the surface energy components of the polymer using formula 2 Then, the surface energy can be obtained by substituting the surface energy components into Formula 3. The contact angle (θ) of two standard liquids, glycerol and water, on the polymer film was tested by optical contact angle measurement. lg 、 and The polymer can be calculated by establishing a binary linear equation through formula 2. and Then, we can obtain γ by formula 3. sg Finally, according to formula 1, we know that γ sg , γ lg and θ sl You can get γ sl .

[0057]

[0058] Wherein, the subscripts s, l, and g represent solid, liquid, and gas, respectively; the superscripts d and p represent dispersion component and polar component, respectively. is the solid-gas surface dispersion force, is the liquid-gas surface dispersion force, is the solid-gas surface polar force, is the liquid-gas surface polar force, γ sg is the solid surface energy, γ lg is the surface energy of the liquid, and the units are all (mN / m); θ is the solid-liquid contact angle (°).

[0059] (2) Wettability Test: Static contact angle measurements were performed using a contact angle goniometer (Theta Flow, Sweden) using the sessile drop method, with a liquid volume of 5 μL of distilled water used as the test liquid. During the water contact angle (WCA) test, 5 μL of water was carefully dropped onto the sample, and the average WCA value was obtained by measuring the sample at five different locations.

[0060] (3) Durability test: The sample was placed face down on 600-grit aluminum oxide sandpaper and a 100-g weight was placed on top. The sample was then linearly displaced 10 cm to complete one abrasion cycle. To avoid frictional heating, the sample was allowed to rest for 5 minutes after every 10 abrasion cycles. Wettability was then evaluated at specific time intervals until the sample completed 20 abrasion cycles.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] A method for preparing amphiphilic Janus particles and a durable hydrophobic coating thereof comprises the following steps:

[0063] (1) 16.7 parts of polyether polyurethane acrylate (ZC6203; surface energy 26.28 mN / m), 33.3 parts of light-curable silicone resin (E4629H; surface energy 10.97 mN / m), 1 part of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, and 350 parts of dichloromethane were added to a 250 mL beaker and vortexed to mix uniformly to obtain an oil phase component;

[0064] The oil phase was slowly added to 2000 parts of an aqueous phase containing 40 parts of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (carried out in a 500 mL flask), and emulsified at 5000 rpm for 5 minutes in a homogenizer to obtain a polymer emulsion. The prepared emulsion was stirred at 35° C. for 4 hours to evaporate the organic solvent, and then the emulsion was placed under a UV-LED ultraviolet light source for curing for 5 minutes. After washing and drying, Janus particles were obtained, which were recorded as JP-12.

[0065] SEM images of Janus particles Figure 3 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the particles are dumbbell-shaped and present an anisotropic structure with obvious dividing lines.

[0066] (2) 5 parts of JP-12 particles, 6 parts of epoxy acrylate 6215-100, and 200 parts of anhydrous ethanol were mixed and dispersed at high speed; the obtained dispersion was evenly sprayed on a steel plate using a spray gun at a certain spraying pressure and spraying distance to obtain a coating. After the coating was dried at room temperature, a subsequent curing operation was performed to obtain a durable hydrophobic coating.

[0067] The scanning electron microscopy images of the coating are as follows Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the Janus particles are stacked tightly on the coating to form an obvious rough surface structure; and the Janus particles form a relatively regular orientation in the coating, with one end inside the coating and the other end on the coating surface.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] A method for preparing amphiphilic Janus particles and a durable hydrophobic coating thereof comprises the following steps:

[0070] (1) 25 parts of polyether polyurethane acrylate (ZC6203; surface energy 26.28 mN / m), 25 parts of light-curable silicone resin (E4629H; surface energy 10.97 mN / m), 1 part of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, and 140 parts of dichloromethane were added to a 250 mL beaker and vortexed to mix uniformly to obtain an oil phase component;

[0071] The oil phase was slowly added to 2000 parts of an aqueous phase containing 40 parts of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (carried out in a 500 mL flask), and emulsified at 5000 rpm in a homogenizer for 5 minutes to obtain a polymer emulsion. The prepared emulsion was stirred at 35° C. for 4 hours to evaporate the organic solvent, and then the emulsion was placed under a UV-LED ultraviolet light source for curing for 5 minutes. After washing and drying, Janus particles were obtained, which were recorded as JP-11.

[0072] (2) 5 parts of JP-11 particles, 6 parts of epoxy acrylate 6215-100, and 200 parts of anhydrous ethanol were mixed and dispersed at high speed; the obtained dispersion was evenly sprayed on a steel plate using a spray gun at a certain spraying pressure and spraying distance to obtain a coating. After the coating was dried at room temperature, a subsequent curing operation was performed to obtain a durable hydrophobic coating.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] A method for preparing amphiphilic Janus particles and a durable hydrophobic coating thereof comprises the following steps:

[0075] (1) 33.3 parts of polyether polyurethane acrylate (ZC6203; surface energy 26.28 mN / m), 16.7 parts of light-curable silicone resin (E4629H; surface energy 10.97 mN / m), 1 part of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, and 140 parts of dichloromethane were added to a 250 mL beaker and vortexed to mix uniformly to obtain an oil phase component;

[0076] The oil phase was slowly added to 2000 parts of an aqueous phase containing 40 parts of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (carried out in a 500 mL flask), and emulsified at 5000 rpm in a homogenizer for 5 minutes to obtain a polymer emulsion. The prepared emulsion was stirred at 35° C. for 4 hours to evaporate the organic solvent, and then the emulsion was placed under a UV-LED ultraviolet light source for curing for 5 minutes. After washing and drying, Janus particles were obtained, which were recorded as JP-21.

[0077] (2) 5 parts of JP-21 particles, 6 parts of epoxy acrylate 6215-100, and 200 parts of anhydrous ethanol were mixed and dispersed uniformly at high speed; under a certain spraying pressure and spraying distance, the prepared dispersion was evenly sprayed on a steel plate using a spray gun to prepare a coating. After the coating was dried at room temperature, a subsequent curing operation was performed to obtain a durable hydrophobic coating.

[0078] Comparative Example 1

[0079] A method for preparing high surface energy particles and their coatings comprises the following steps:

[0080] (1) 50 parts of polyether polyurethane acrylate (ZC6203; surface energy 26.28 mN / m), 1 part of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, and 350 parts of dichloromethane were added to a 250 mL beaker and vortexed to mix uniformly to obtain an oil phase component;

[0081] The oil phase was slowly added to 2000 parts of an aqueous phase containing 40 parts of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (carried out in a 500 mL flask), and emulsified at 5000 rpm for 5 minutes in a homogenizer to obtain a polymer emulsion. The prepared emulsion was stirred at 35°C for 4 hours to evaporate the organic solvent, and then the emulsion was placed under a UV-LED ultraviolet light source for curing for 5 minutes. After washing and drying, Janus particles were obtained, which were recorded as E-PUA particles.

[0082] (2) 5 parts of E-PUA particles, 6 parts of epoxy acrylate 6215-100, and 200 parts of anhydrous ethanol were mixed and dispersed at high speed. The resulting dispersion was evenly sprayed onto a steel plate using a spray gun at a specific spray pressure and spray distance to form a coating. After the coating dried at room temperature, a subsequent curing operation was performed to obtain a coating.

[0083] The scanning electron microscopy images of the coating are as follows Figure 5 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the E-PUA particles are evenly dispersed on the coating and embedded in the coating resin, and cannot form a rough structure of the coating.

[0084] Comparative Example 2

[0085] A method for preparing low surface energy particles and their coatings comprises the following steps:

[0086] (1) 50 parts of a light-curable silicone resin (E4629H; surface energy 10.97 mN / m), 1 part of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, and 350 parts of dichloromethane were added to a 250 mL beaker and vortexed to mix uniformly to obtain an oil phase component;

[0087] The oil phase was slowly added to 2000 parts of an aqueous phase containing 40 parts of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (carried out in a 500 mL flask), and emulsified at 5000 rpm for 5 minutes in a homogenizer to obtain a polymer emulsion. The prepared emulsion was stirred at 35° C. for 4 hours to evaporate the organic solvent, and then the emulsion was placed under a UV-LED ultraviolet light source for curing for 5 minutes. After washing and drying, Janus particles were obtained, which were recorded as SiA particles.

[0088] (2) 5 parts of SiA particles, 6 parts of epoxy acrylate 6215-100, and 200 parts of anhydrous ethanol were mixed and dispersed at high speed. The resulting dispersion was evenly sprayed onto a steel plate using a spray gun at a certain spray pressure and spray distance to form a coating. After the coating dried at room temperature, a subsequent curing operation was performed to form a coating.

[0089] The scanning electron microscopy images of the coating are as follows Figure 6 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the SiA particles are evenly dispersed on the coating surface and cannot form a rough structure of the coating.

[0090] Test example:

[0091] The water contact angles of the coatings prepared in Example 1, Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were measured before and after being rubbed 200 times with sandpaper. Figure 7 As shown, the water contact angle of the hydrophobic coating containing Janus particles does not change much after friction, while the coatings prepared in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 cannot have both hydrophobicity and durability, indicating the feasibility of constructing a durable hydrophobic coating with Janus particles.

[0092] The embodiments provided above are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, nor are the steps described to limit their execution order. Any obvious improvements to the present invention made by those skilled in the art in combination with existing common knowledge shall fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An amphiphilic Janus particle, characterized in that: The amphiphilic Janus particles are made of a high surface energy photocurable resin prepolymer and a low surface energy photocurable prepolymer, and have two surface regions, with two sides exhibiting polar and non-polar properties respectively; The surface energy of the high surface energy photocurable resin prepolymer is higher than 20mN / m; The surface energy of the low-surface-energy photocurable resin prepolymer is lower than 20 mN / m.

2. The amphiphilic Janus particles according to claim 1, characterized in that The high surface energy photocurable resin prepolymer is one or more of polyurethane acrylate, epoxy acrylate, and polyester acrylate; the low surface energy photocurable resin prepolymer is one or more of silicone-modified acrylate, epoxidized soybean oil acrylate, fluorine-modified acrylate, photocurable silicone rubber, and dodecyl acrylate.

3. A method for preparing the amphiphilic Janus particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving a high surface energy photocurable resin prepolymer and a low surface energy photocurable resin prepolymer in an organic solvent as an oil phase, and using an aqueous dispersion of an emulsifier as a water phase; (2) The aqueous phase and the oil phase are mixed, and an emulsion is prepared by high-speed emulsification. The organic solvent in the emulsion is removed by heating to 25-40° C., and the emulsion is irradiated and cured by a photocuring system. After washing and drying, the amphiphilic Janus particles are obtained.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step (1), the weight parts of each raw material in the oil phase are:

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that The organic solvent is one or more of aromatic hydrocarbons, alicyclic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, ethers, and esters; the photoinitiator is one or more of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-1-propanone, 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone, bis(1-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-pyrrolyl)titanocene, 2-methyl-1-(4-methylthiophenyl)-2-morpholinyl-1-propanone, and 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1-(4-morpholinophenyl)butanone.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step (1), the concentration of the aqueous dispersion of the emulsifier is 0.5-5wt%; the emulsifier is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, polysorbate 80, and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether.

7. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that In step (2), the mass ratio of the oil phase to the water phase is 1:4-10; the light curing system is UV light curing, the UV light source wavelength is 230-420nm, and the irradiation curing time is 1-10min.

8. A durable hydrophobic coating comprising the amphiphilic Janus particles of claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: The amphiphilic Janus particles, film-forming resin and organic solvent are mixed and dispersed at high speed to obtain a Janus particle dispersion, which is then sprayed on a substrate to obtain a coating. After the coating is dried at room temperature, it is subsequently cured to obtain a durable hydrophobic coating.

9. The durable hydrophobic coating according to claim 8, wherein The weight parts of each raw material in the dispersion are: 3-20 parts of amphiphilic Janus particles; 4-10 parts of film-forming resin; 100-300 parts of organic solvent.

10. The durable hydrophobic coating according to claim 9, wherein: The film-forming resin is one of a light-curing resin, a water-based resin, and a heat-curing resin; the organic solvent is one or more of ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, acetone, cyclohexanone, cyclohexane, turpentine, dichloromethane, chloroform, and toluene.

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