Visual target device for monitoring large-fall gully surface collapse and layout method

Abstract

The invention provides a visual target device for monitoring large-fall gully surface collapse and a layout method, and relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring. The device comprises: a target; a target protection cover, wherein the target is fixedly arranged in the target protection cover; the target protective cover is fixedly arranged at one end of the buffer reset connecting rod; the supporting and fixing platform is arranged at one end, far away from the target protective cover, of the buffering and resetting connecting rod, is used for supporting the target protective cover and is fixed on the earth surface of the large-fall gully; when the target protection cover is impacted by an external disaster source, the buffer reset connecting rod generates elastic deformation to absorb and disperse the impact force, and drives the target protection cover to restore to the original position when the impact is finished. According to the scheme, the continuity, accuracy and reliability of surface collapse dynamic monitoring can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of geological disaster monitoring, and in particular to a visual target device and a deployment method for monitoring surface collapse in large-drop gullies. Background Art

[0002] Mountainous areas with large drop-off gullies have complex terrain and unstable geological conditions. The downstream areas of the gullies are formed by long-term accumulations, especially at the narrowest part of the gully, where the accumulation layer is shallow, typically less than 50 cm. Furthermore, the accumulation layer downstream of the gully is prone to natural disasters such as surface collapse and rockfall. These disasters not only damage the local ecological environment but also pose a serious threat to the safety of life and property of nearby residents and the normal operation of infrastructure.

[0003] Currently, monitoring methods for surface collapse in mountainous areas with large drop-off gullies have limitations. Traditional total station prism monitoring is not only inefficient but also lacks real-time continuous monitoring. In inclement weather or complex terrain, manual inspections are difficult and prone to oversight. While surface displacement monitoring methods based on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) can obtain real-time deformation information, the supporting equipment, such as solar panels and mainframes, is easily damaged, and on-site image information cannot be observed.

[0004] Visual monitoring technology, with its ability to capture large-area image information, has gradually gained attention in the field of geological disaster monitoring. However, in the unique environment of mountainous areas with large drop-off gullies, visual monitoring faces numerous challenges. For example, targets can be easily damaged by landslides, rockfall, and other disasters in these areas, compromising monitoring continuity. Targets can also become misaligned and difficult to reset after physical impact. Without manual intervention to straighten them, some targets can make it difficult for the visual monitoring system to accurately identify their position and status, compromising the continuous and accurate monitoring of surface collapse dynamics.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a visual target device that can adapt to the complex environment of large drop and gully in mountainous areas to improve the continuity, accuracy and reliability of dynamic monitoring of surface collapse. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a visual target device and deployment method for monitoring surface collapse in large-drop gullies, thereby improving the continuity, accuracy and reliability of dynamic monitoring of surface collapse.

[0007] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.

[0008] According to one aspect of the present application, a visual target device for monitoring surface collapse in large-drop gullies is provided, comprising: target; A target protective cover, wherein the target is fixedly arranged inside the target protective cover; A buffer reset connecting rod, wherein the target protection cover is fixedly arranged at one end of the buffer reset connecting rod; A supporting and fixing platform is provided on the end of the buffer reset connecting rod away from the target protective cover, used for supporting the target protective cover and fixed on the surface of the gully with a large drop; When the target protection cover is impacted by an external disaster source, the buffer reset link generates elastic deformation to absorb and disperse the impact force, and drives the target protection cover to return to its original position when the impact ends.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present application, the target protective cover includes: a basic structural frame, which is welded by multiple structural tubes and is used to form a protective support base; at least two extended protection frames, which are arranged on both sides of a side surface of the basic structural frame, are welded by multiple structural tubes, and the extension direction is perpendicular to the side surface, and are used to protrude from the side surface to form a protective boss to prevent external disaster sources from contacting the target; a target fixing plate, which is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the basic structural frame where the extended protection frame is located, and the target includes a connecting platform, and the target fixing plate is used to fix the target inside the target protective cover through the connecting platform; a protective plate, which is laid on the outside of the basic structural frame and the extended protection frame, and constitutes the protective surface of the basic structural frame and the extended protection frame.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present application, the target protection cover includes: at least two buffer rubber plates, which are respectively arranged on the side of the extended protection frame away from the basic structure frame, and are used to buffer the impact force exerted on the extended protection frame or the target when the target protection cover is impacted by an external disaster source.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present application, the buffer reset link includes: a buffer reset spring; a first vertical pole, including a first rod body, a connecting plate and a reinforcing rib, the connecting plate is arranged at one end of the first rod body, and the plane on which it is located is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first rod body, the reinforcing rib is arranged between the connecting plate and the first rod body, the connecting plate is used to fixedly connect the target shield, and one end of the first rod body away from the connecting plate is sleeved with one end of the buffer reset spring; a second vertical pole, including a second rod body, one end of the second rod body is sleeved on the end of the buffer reset spring away from the target shield, and the supporting fixed platform is sleeved on the other end of the second rod body.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present application, the supporting and fixing platform includes: a fixing assembly, including a basic sleeve and a fixing screw, the basic sleeve can be movably sleeved on the second rod body and fixed to the target position on the second rod body by the fixing screw; at least three supporting legs, one end of which is fixedly connected to the basic sleeve and radially evenly distributed, for adjusting the inclination angle between the second vertical pole and the horizontal plane; an anchoring base, including a vertical pole sleeve, a vertical pole fixing plate and a vertical pole fixing bolt, the end of the second rod body away from the buffer return spring is sleeved in the vertical pole sleeve and fastened by the vertical pole fixing bolt, the vertical pole fixing plate is arranged at the end of the vertical pole sleeve away from the second rod body, and is provided with a plurality of fixing holes, and the vertical pole fixing plate is fixed to the bedrock surface of the gully with a large drop through the fixing holes and expansion screws.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present application, the fixing assembly also includes at least three connecting ears, a partition plate, a fastening screw and at least three connecting tubes; wherein, the connecting ears are evenly arranged on the basic sleeve tube in the radial direction, the connecting tube is connected to the connecting ears at an adjustable angle through a set connecting arm, one end of the support leg is fastened to the connecting tube by a fastening screw, and the partition plate is arranged on the basic sleeve tube closer to one end of the buffer reset connecting rod.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present application, the support leg includes a support outer tube, a support inner tube and an adjusting screw, one end of the support outer tube is sleeved and fixed in the connecting tube, one end of the support inner tube is sleeved on the end of the support outer tube away from the connecting tube, and the length extending out of the support outer tube is adjusted by the adjusting screw, and the other end of the support inner tube is a support tip.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present application, the fixing assembly further comprises a circular level bubble fixedly arranged on the side of the partition plate away from the connecting ear, for indicating the verticality of the second upright pole when adjusting the supporting leg.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present application, the supporting and fixing platform also includes a multi-way pipe fitting and a connecting rod; the multi-way pipe fitting includes a fixed pipe and a connecting pipe, the multi-way pipe fitting is fixed to the second vertical pole through the fixed pipe, the connecting pipe is formed by extending radially outward along the fixed pipe, and the multi-way pipe fitting is located between the fixed assembly and the anchor base; the connecting rod can be sleeved in the connecting pipe to connect the multi-way pipe fittings on adjacent visual target devices to achieve horizontal connection and / or vertical connection of multiple visual target devices.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present application, a method for deploying a visual target device is also provided, comprising: selecting a deployment location in a surface area with a large drop in the gully to be monitored, and excavating a tunnel with a depth of not less than 50 cm at the deployment location until the bedrock surface is exposed; placing the anchor base on the bedrock surface so that its bottom is in contact with the bedrock surface, passing expansion screws through multiple fixing holes on the anchor base, and tightening and fixing them to achieve an anchoring connection between the anchor base and the bedrock surface; inserting the bottom end of the second vertical pole into the vertical pole sleeve of the anchor base, and fastening the second vertical pole to the vertical pole sleeve by vertical pole fixing bolts; sleeve the fixing assembly supporting the fixed platform on the second vertical pole, and position it at a preset height by fixing screws, and install at least three support legs on the fixing assembly, which are fixedly connected to the fixing assembly by connecting ears and connecting pipes, and the extension length is adjusted by supporting outer tubes, supporting inner tubes and adjusting screws, and the reference Adjust according to the circular level bubble set on the supporting and fixing platform to ensure that the circular level bubble is centered to achieve vertical positioning of the second upright pole and ensure the triangular stability of the visual target device; sleeve the buffer reset spring between the first upright pole and the second upright pole in sequence, and fix the target protective cover on the first upright pole through the connecting plate, and fix the target inside the target protective cover through the target fixing plate and the connecting platform; according to the on-site terrain requirements, sleeve the multi-way pipe fitting on the second upright pole, and insert the connecting rod for horizontal connection and / or vertical connection into the connecting pipe of the multi-way pipe fitting to achieve horizontal connection and / or vertical connection between multiple visual target devices to form a target frame network; after completing the assembly, backfill the soil in layers in the tunnel to the bottom of the supporting and fixing platform in a sloped shape, so that the center height of the target is about 40 cm above the ground surface, which is used for subsequent visual monitoring equipment to perform viewpoint tracking and displacement identification.

[0018] It can be seen from the above technical solution that this application has at least one of the following advantages and positive effects: By setting a target protection cover in the visual target device and fixing the target inside the target protection cover, the target can be effectively prevented from being directly impacted in a disaster environment, thereby improving the structural integrity and recognition stability of the target. The target protection cover plays a primary isolation and energy dispersion role against external impacts, providing multiple structural protections for the internal target. By setting a buffer reset link under the target protection cover and adopting an elastic connection structure, when an external disaster source impact occurs, the buffer reset link can undergo elastic deformation to absorb the impact energy, effectively reducing the destructive force transmitted to the device body, and improving the impact resistance of the entire device. After the impact, the buffer Under the action of elastic recovery, the reset link can automatically drive the protective cover to return to its initial installation position, realize the reset of the target spatial position and the self-recovery of the target direction, and ensure the continuity and benchmark stability of the visual system recognition; the supporting fixed platform is arranged at the end of the buffer reset link away from the target protective cover, which is used to provide stable installation support for the entire device in complex surface terrain. The platform structure can adapt to irregular basic environments such as gully surfaces, and improve the overall stability through anchoring and fixation, providing a stable bearing foundation for the upper elastic structure and target protective cover. The rigid connection relationship between the platform and the link ensures the effective transmission of force and the consistency of structural response.

[0019] Therefore, the visual target device provided in the present invention, while ensuring the structural impact resistance, has multiple functions such as automatic reset, stable support, and protection of internal targets, which effectively improves the operational reliability of the device under long-term field deployment conditions and the continuity and accuracy of visual target recognition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The above and other features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by describing in detail example embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure at a first angle of a visual target device used for surface collapse monitoring in large-drop gullies in some embodiments of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the front view of the visual target device in.

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic side view of the visual target device in FIG.

[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a top view of the visual target device in FIG.

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the visual target device in FIG.

[0026] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of the visual target device in FIG.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure at a second angle of a visual target device used for surface collapse monitoring in large-drop gullies in some embodiments of the present application.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the target protection cover in some embodiments of the present application.

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly connection of the target and the target protection cover in some embodiments of the present application.

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal connection of the visual target device in some embodiments of the present application.

[0031] The main components in the figure are described as follows: 1. Target; 11. Connecting platform; 2. Target protection cover; 21. Basic structure frame; 22. Extension protection frame; 23. Target fixing plate; 24. Guard plate; 25. Buffer rubber plate; 3. Buffer reset connecting rod; 31. Buffer reset spring; 32. First vertical rod; 321. First rod body; 322. Connecting plate; 323. Reinforcement rib; 33. Second vertical rod; 331. Second rod body; 4. Support and fixing platform; 41. Fixing assembly; 411. Foundation sleeve; 412. Fixing screw; 413. Connecting ear; 414. Partition plate; 415. Fastening screw; 416. Connecting pipe; 417. Circular level bubble; 42. Support leg; 421. Support outer tube; 422. Support inner tube; 423. Adjusting screw; 424. Support tip; 43. Anchor base; 431. Pole sleeve; 432. Pole fixing plate; 433. Pole fixing bolt; 434. Expansion screw; 44. Multi-way pipe fitting; 45. Connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals in the figures represent like or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

[0033] In this application, the terms "a", "an", "the", "said" and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms "comprising", "including" and "having" are used to express open-ended inclusion and mean that additional elements / components / etc. may exist in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms "first", "second" and "third" etc. are used only as labels and are not intended to limit the quantity of their objects.

[0034] When traditional visual monitoring technology is applied to surface collapse monitoring in large-drop gullies, the target is prone to irreversible displacement or structural damage after being impacted by landslides or rolling stones, resulting in interruption or distortion of monitoring data. The root cause of this problem lies in the lack of target protection structure and reset mechanism, its insufficient impact load resistance and inability to return to its original position after being subjected to external forces. As a result, the monitoring system is unable to continuously obtain a stable benchmark for the target's spatial coordinates, which directly affects the continuity and reliability of the displacement data, thereby reducing the timeliness and accuracy of collapse warnings.

[0035] For example, the visual target device deployed in the accumulation layer downstream of the gully has its target support structure directly exposed to the surface due to the insufficient thickness of the accumulation layer and loose geology in this area. When the collapse body or rolling stone impacts the longitudinal direction of the gully, the target tilts or shifts under the action of the lateral shear force. Its protective structure lacks an energy dissipation path, resulting in an irreversible change in the relative position relationship between the target and the bedrock surface. At this time, the coordinates of the target image feature points collected by the monitoring system deviate from the actual physical position, and the system cannot automatically correct this deviation through the visual algorithm, resulting in discontinuous jumps in the displacement monitoring curve and misjudging the dynamic evolution trend of the surface collapse.

[0036] If these issues are not addressed, the monitoring system's data continuity will be periodically disrupted, leading to false alarms or missed warnings in the collapse warning model due to data loss. In extreme cases, complete target destruction will force the system offline, requiring manual intervention to repair or recalibrate the benchmarks, significantly increasing the monitoring blind spot window. Such systemic flaws will directly affect the accuracy of geological hazard risk assessments, hinder the effective activation of emergency response mechanisms, and increase the risk of further disaster losses.

[0037] Based on one or more problems in the relevant technologies, this application first analyzes the mechanical mechanism of irreversible displacement of the target under impact load, and finds that the traditional target lacks an effective energy absorption and structural reset mechanism. In this regard, this application explores the construction of a support system with multi-level protection and elastic recovery functions, the core of which is to establish a dynamic connection relationship between the target and the bedrock surface. In view of the problem that the target is easily damaged by lateral shear force, it is considered to set up a rigid protection structure on the periphery of the target, but it is found that a single rigid protection cannot effectively dissipate the impact energy. Further research found that the introduction of a connecting rod structure with elastic deformation ability can not only absorb the impact kinetic energy, but also drive the target to reset through elastic potential energy. Finally, it was chosen to combine the protective cover with the elastic connecting rod to form a mechanical system with the dual functions of impact buffering and automatic reset. At the same time, a stable connection with the bedrock is achieved through a fixed platform to ensure the recoverability of the target's reference position.

[0038] In this regard, the present application embodiment first proposes a visual target device for monitoring surface collapse in large drop gullies, referring to Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the visual target device may include: a target 1; a target protective cover 2, wherein the target 1 is fixedly arranged inside the target protective cover 2; a buffer reset link 3, wherein the target protective cover 2 is fixedly arranged at one end of the buffer reset link 3; a supporting fixed platform 4, which is arranged on the end of the buffer reset link 3 away from the target protective cover 2, and is used to support the target protective cover 2 and is fixed on the surface of a large drop gully; wherein, when the target protective cover 2 is impacted by an external disaster source, the buffer reset link 3 generates elastic deformation to absorb and disperse the impact force, and drives the target protective cover 2 to return to its original position when the impact ends.

[0039] Among them, target 1 refers to a visual identification marker with a specific shape or pattern, which can be specifically realized by using a metal plate coated with high-reflectivity material or fluorescent paint, and is used to provide a stable image recognition reference point for the visual monitoring equipment. When laying out the target 1, one side of the visual identification marker with a specific shape or pattern on the target 1 is set toward the direction of the visual displacement meter, so that the visual displacement meter can visually track and monitor the target 1, and the layout positions of all targets 1 are within the monitoring field of view of the visual displacement meter.

[0040] The target protection cover 2 refers to a protective structure surrounding the outside of the target 1, which can be specifically realized by a shell structure composed of a welded steel pipe frame and a guard plate, and is used to prevent debris or landslides from directly hitting the target 1 when an external disaster source impacts.

[0041] The buffer reset link 3 refers to a connecting rod with elastic deformation capability, which can be specifically realized by adopting a vertical rod structure with a sleeve spring combined with a metal rod body. The impact kinetic energy is absorbed by the compression deformation of the spring, and the target protective cover 2 returns to its original position through the elastic restoring force after the impact.

[0042] The supporting and fixing platform 4 refers to a bearing base anchored to the bedrock, which can be specifically implemented by a component with an anchoring base, a sleeve and adjustable support legs, and is used to fix the entire device to the bedrock surface and adjust the vertical posture to ensure that the target 1 remains stable in complex terrain.

[0043] This application uses the integrated design of the buffer reset link 3 and the target protective cover 2 to absorb energy and automatically reset the target 1 by elastic deformation when it is subjected to external impact. At the same time, combined with the bedrock anchoring and adjustable support structure of the supporting fixed platform 4, the impact resistance and position stability of the target 1 in a collapse disaster environment are achieved, thereby ensuring the continuity of visual monitoring and data reliability.

[0044] The working process and principle of the present application are as follows: the visual target device includes a target 1, a target protective cover 2, a buffer reset link 3, and a support and fixing platform 4. The target 1 is fixed inside the target protective cover 2, the target protective cover 2 is fixed to one end of the buffer reset link 3, and the support and fixing platform 4 is arranged at the other end of the buffer reset link 3 and fixed on the surface of a large drop gully. When an external disaster source impacts the target protective cover 2, the buffer reset link 3 produces elastic deformation to absorb and disperse the impact force. After the impact ends, the elastic recovery force of the buffer reset link 3 drives the target protective cover 2 to return to its original position.

[0045] The buffer reset link 3 is made of elastic material and has good elastic deformation ability. The target protection cover 2 is made of rigid material and can effectively protect the internal target 1. The supporting and fixing platform 4 is firmly fixed to the bedrock on the surface of the large drop gully by expansion bolts and the like, providing stable support for the entire device. When disaster sources such as landslides and falling rocks impact the target protection cover 2, the impact force is first borne by the target protection cover 2. The rigid structure of the target protection cover 2 can disperse part of the impact force to avoid direct action on the target 1. The remaining impact force is transmitted to the buffer reset link 3, causing it to produce elastic deformation. During the deformation process, the buffer reset link 3 converts the impact kinetic energy into elastic potential energy, thereby absorbing the impact force.

[0046] After the impact, the elastic potential energy stored in the buffer reset link 3 is released, driving the target shield 2 to return to its original position. This automatic reset mechanism ensures the stability of the target 1 position and maintains the continuity and accuracy of the visual monitoring system. The supporting fixed platform 4 serves as the foundation of the entire device. Through its secure connection to the ground, it provides a stable support point for the buffer reset process. This design enables the device to maintain stability in complex environments with large drop heights and ravines, effectively responding to various disaster impacts.

[0047] In some optional embodiments, the target 1 can be made of highly reflective material, be round or square in shape, and have a specific pattern printed on the surface for easy visual identification; the target 1 can be fixed to the center position inside the target protective cover 2 by bolts.

[0048] The target shield 2 can be made of high-strength steel and is hemispherical or rectangular in shape, with openings around it for easy visual monitoring. A flange is provided at the bottom of the shield, which is connected to the top of the buffer reset connecting rod 3 by bolts.

[0049] The buffer reset connecting rod 3 can be made of spring steel and is cylindrical. The top end of the connecting rod is connected to the target shield 2, and the bottom end is connected to the supporting fixed platform 4. The middle part of the connecting rod is designed to be spiral to increase the elastic deformation space.

[0050] The supporting and fixing platform 4 includes a base and an adjustment mechanism. The base can be welded from steel plates and be triangular or circular. The adjustment mechanism can include multiple adjustable support legs for adjusting the levelness of the platform. The base is fixed to the leveled bedrock surface by expansion bolts.

[0051] During installation, first excavate a foundation pit at the selected location to expose the bedrock, then fix the support fixing platform 4, adjust it to the horizontal level, connect the bottom end of the buffer reset connecting rod 3 to the support fixing platform 4, install the target protective cover 2 on the top, and finally fix the target 1 in the protective cover to complete the installation.

[0052] During use, the target 1 is monitored in real time through visual monitoring equipment. When a landslide or rockfall occurs, the target protective cover 2 is impacted, and the buffer reset connecting rod 3 produces elastic deformation to absorb the impact force. After the impact, the connecting rod returns to its original state, driving the target 1 back to its initial position.

[0053] Through the above scheme, the present application solves the problem that traditional visual targets are easily damaged and cannot be automatically reset in the monitoring of surface collapse in large-drop gullies. The target protective cover 2 provides effective physical protection, reducing the risk of damage to the target 1; the buffer reset link 3 can absorb impact force and achieve automatic reset, ensuring the continuity and accuracy of the monitoring data; the supporting fixed platform 4 provides stable support for the entire device, adapting to complex terrain conditions; this design significantly improves the reliability and sustainability of the visual monitoring system in harsh environments, and provides more reliable technical support for real-time monitoring and early warning of surface collapse in large-drop gullies.

[0054] The following combination Figures 1 to 10 The visual target device in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail.

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, reference is made to Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the target protection cover 2 includes a basic structure frame 21, at least two extension protection frames 22, a target fixing plate 23 and a guard plate 24. Among them: The base structure frame 21 is constructed from multiple welded structural tubes, forming a protective support foundation. At least two extended protection frames 22 are arranged on either side of a side of the base structure frame 21. These frames are welded from multiple structural tubes and extend perpendicularly to the side. These extend beyond the side to form protective bosses, preventing external sources of damage from contacting the target 1. A target fixing plate 23 is fixed to the side of the base structure frame 21 where the extended protection frame 22 is located. The target 1 includes a connecting platform 11, and the target fixing plate 23 is used to secure the target 1 within the target protective cover 2 via the connecting platform 11. A protective plate 24 is laid on the outside of the base structure frame 21 and the extended protection frame 22, forming the protective surface of the base structure frame 21 and the extended protection frame 22.

[0056] Specifically, the basic structural frame 21 can be welded by multiple structural pipes to form a stable frame, providing a support base for the extended protection frame 22 and the guard plate 24. The extended protection frame 22 can be arranged to protrude perpendicularly to the side of the basic structural frame 21, and is used to prevent external disaster sources from directly impacting the target 1, such as rolling stones or landslides. The target fixing plate 23 can lock the connection platform 11 of the target 1 on the side of the basic structural frame 21 to prevent the target 1 from shaking or falling off during impact. The guard plate 24 can cover the outside of the structural pipe. For example, the guard plate 24 can be made of steel plate or high-strength composite material with a thickness of 3-5mm to disperse the impact force and prevent the structural pipe from deforming. The length of the extended protection frame 22 can be 30-50mm to ensure that the target 1 maintains a safe distance from the external impact source. The extended protection frame 22 welded by the structural pipe is combined with the guard plate 24 to further transmit the impact force to the buffer reset link 3, reducing the risk of damage to the target 1.

[0057] Optionally, the base frame 21 can be welded together using one or more combinations of square steel tubes, round steel tubes, or triangular steel tubes to form a frame structure resembling a cube or triangular prism. The extension protection frame 22 can be welded together using one or more combinations of square steel tubes, round steel tubes, or triangular steel tubes and secured to the left and right sides of the base frame 21, with the extension protection frame 22 on the upper side of the base frame 21 extending longer than the extension protection frame 22 on the lower side. The target fixing plate 23 can be made of steel plate and secured to the front side of the base frame 21 by bolts or welding. The guard plate 24 can be made of steel plate or a composite material plate and secured to the outer surfaces of the base frame 21 and extension protection frame 22 by bolts or welding. Of course, the shape, size, and thickness of the base frame 21, extension protection frame 22, target fixing plate 23, and guard plate 24 can be customized based on actual application needs and are not limited to this embodiment.

[0058] The base structure frame 21 provides a stable support base for target 1. The protective projection formed by the extended protection frame 22 effectively blocks external sources of damage from directly contacting target 1. The target fixing plate 23 ensures the reliable fixation of target 1, and the guard plate 24 provides comprehensive protection for the entire structure. As a result, target 1 can be effectively protected in harsh environments, improving the reliability and durability of the monitoring system. At the same time, this structural design facilitates assembly and maintenance, enhancing the convenience of practical application.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, reference is made to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 8 As shown, the target protection cover 2 includes at least two buffer rubber plates 25, which are respectively arranged on the side of the extension protection frame 22 away from the basic structure frame 21, and are used to buffer the impact force exerted on the extension protection frame 22 or the target 1 when the target protection cover 2 is impacted by an external disaster source.

[0060] The buffer rubber plate 25 absorbs impact energy through elastic deformation, dispersing the impact force transmission path. It is located on the side of the extended protection frame 22 away from the basic structural frame 21, forming a composite buffer structure with the structural tube of the extended protection frame 22. The installation position of the buffer rubber plate 25 covers the side of the extended protection frame 22 away from the basic structural frame 21, preventing the impact force from directly acting on the target 1 or the extended protection frame 22. The buffer rubber plate 25 can be fastened to the structural tube of the extended protection frame 22 with bolts or adhesives to ensure that it does not fall off during the impact. For example, the thickness of the buffer rubber plate 25 can be set to 10-20mm, and the material used is a highly elastic and wear-resistant rubber with a Shore hardness of 60-80HA.

[0061] Specifically, when an external rolling stone or collapsed object hits the extension protection frame 22, the buffer rubber plate 25 first contacts the impact object and absorbs part of the impact energy through its own elastic compression deformation. The remaining impact force is dispersed to the basic structural frame 21 through the structural tube of the extension protection frame 22. In this process, the buffer rubber plate 25 converts the concentrated impact force into a distributed load, reducing the peak force of the extension protection frame 22 or the target 1. Since the buffer rubber plate 25 is set on the impact surface of the extension protection frame 22, its deformation space is limited by the structural tube, avoiding excessive deformation and resulting in protection failure. After the impact is over, the buffer rubber plate 25 relies on the material's resilience to restore its original shape, ensuring that the internal space of the target protective cover 2 remains stable and avoiding displacement errors of the target 1. This process weakens the impact energy in advance before the buffer reset link 3 plays its elastic reset role, forming a multi-level buffering mechanism to reduce the probability of position displacement of the target 1 after the impact.

[0062] By providing the buffer rubber plate 25, the direct impact of external disaster sources on the target 1 and the extended protection frame 22 can be effectively reduced, and the impact resistance of the target protective cover 2 can be improved; the buffer rubber plate 25 can absorb part of the impact energy, reduce the impact force transmitted to the target 1 and the extended protection frame 22, thereby extending the service life of the target 1 and the target protective cover 2, and improving the reliability and sustainability of the monitoring system; in addition, the provision of the buffer rubber plate 25 can also reduce the displacement amplitude of the target 1 when it is impacted, which helps to maintain the stability of the target 1 and improve the accuracy of visual monitoring.

[0063] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, reference is made to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the buffer reset link 3 includes a buffer reset spring 31, a first vertical rod 32 and a second vertical rod 33. The first vertical pole 32 includes a first rod body 321, a connecting plate 322 and a reinforcing rib 323. The connecting plate 322 is arranged at one end of the first rod body 321, and the plane where the connecting plate 322 is located is perpendicular to the extension direction of the first rod body 321. The reinforcing rib 323 is arranged between the connecting plate 322 and the first rod body 321. The connecting plate 322 is used to fix the target protective cover 2. The end of the first rod body 321 away from the connecting plate 322 is sleeved with one end of the buffer return spring 31. The second vertical pole 33 includes a second rod body 331. One end of the second rod body 331 is sleeved with the end of the buffer return spring 31 away from the target protective cover 2. The supporting fixed platform 4 is sleeved on the other end of the second rod body 331.

[0064] Among them, the buffer reset spring 31 serves as a core buffer component and is sleeved between the first vertical pole 32 and the second vertical pole 33 to form an elastic connection structure. The reinforcement rib 323 of the first vertical pole 32 can be welded between the connecting plate 322 and the first rod body 321 using a triangular steel plate to increase the bending strength of the connection part. The sleeve length of the first rod body 321 and the buffer reset spring 31 is designed to be one-third of the total length of the spring to ensure a stable sleeve. The surface of the second rod body 331 of the second vertical pole 33 is processed with an annular groove, and the support and fixing platform 4 is locked in position by embedding a fixing screw into the groove. The support and fixing platform 4 is sleeved on the end of the second rod body 331 and is fixed to the bedrock surface through an anchor base 43.

[0065] Specifically, when the target shield 2 is impacted, the impact force is transmitted to the first rod 321 through the connecting plate 322. The reinforcing rib 323 can disperse the stress concentration at the junction of the connecting plate 322 and the first rod 321, preventing structural deformation. The socket structure of the first rod 321 and the buffer reset spring 31 allows the spring to be compressed along the axial direction of the rod while limiting lateral displacement. The second rod 331 of the second vertical rod 33 is socketed with the supporting fixed platform 4 to ensure the verticality of the vertical rod, and the height position of the supporting platform can be adjusted by fixing the screw. The rebound force generated by the buffer reset spring 31 after compression pushes the first vertical rod 32 to reset, allowing the target shield 2 to return to its initial position. For example, the spring can be wound with 65Mn steel wire with a diameter of 12mm, a free length of 200mm, and can provide an elastic recovery force of 800N.

[0066] Optionally, the first rod 321 has an internal thread at one end away from the connecting plate 322, and one end of the buffer return spring 31 is fixed to the first rod 321 via the threaded connection. The second rod 331 also has an internal thread at one end, and the other end of the buffer return spring 31 is fixed to the second rod 331 via the threaded connection. The internal thread allows the buffer return spring 31 to be securely connected to the first upright rod 32 and the second upright rod 33, while also facilitating removal and replacement.

[0067] The supporting and fixing platform 4 can adopt a sleeve structure with an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the second rod body 331, and is fastened to the second rod body 331 by fixing screws, allowing the supporting and fixing platform 4 to be adjusted in height on the second rod body 331 to adapt to different terrain conditions.

[0068] The buffer return spring 31 effectively absorbs external impact forces, protecting the target 1 and target shield 2. The connecting plate 322 and reinforcing ribs 323 of the first vertical pole 32 enhance the connection strength with the target shield 2, improving the stability of the overall structure. The adjustable connection between the second vertical pole 33 and the supporting fixed platform 4 enables the device to adapt to different terrain conditions and improves installation flexibility. In addition, the threaded connection method for securing the buffer return spring 31 facilitates maintenance and replacement, extending the service life of the device. These design features collectively improve the reliability and adaptability of the visual target device in monitoring surface collapse in large-drop gullies.

[0069] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, reference is made to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the supporting and fixing platform 4 includes a fixing assembly 41, a supporting leg 42 and an anchoring base 43. Among them: The fixing assembly 41 includes a base sleeve 411 and a fixing screw 412. The base sleeve 411 is movably sleeved on the second rod 331 and fixed to the target position on the second rod 331 by the fixing screw 412; the support legs 42 are provided with at least three, one end of which is fixedly connected to the base sleeve 411 and is evenly distributed radially, and is used to adjust the inclination angle between the second vertical pole 33 and the horizontal plane; the anchor base 43 includes a vertical pole sleeve 431, a vertical pole fixing plate 432 and a vertical pole fixing bolt 433. The end of the second rod 331 away from the buffer return spring 31 is sleeved in the vertical pole sleeve 431 and fastened by the vertical pole fixing bolt 433; the vertical pole fixing plate 432 is provided at the end of the vertical pole sleeve 431 away from the second rod 331 and is provided with a plurality of fixing holes; the vertical pole fixing plate 432 is fixed to the bedrock surface of the large drop gully surface through the fixing holes and expansion screws 434.

[0070] The base sleeve 411 adjusts the installation height of the fixing assembly 41 by moving axially along the second rod 331. The fixing screw 412, when screwed in, presses against the surface of the second rod 331, creating a friction lock. The support leg 42 is connected to the base sleeve 411 via the connecting lug 413, forming an adjustable angle. The exposed length of the support inner tube 422 is controlled by the adjusting screw 423, and the support tip 424 is inserted into the ground to provide multi-point support. When the vertical pole fixing plate 432 contacts the bedrock surface, multiple fixing holes can accommodate uneven bedrock surfaces. Expansion screws 434 secure the support at different angles, creating a spatial anchoring mechanism.

[0071] Specifically, during installation, after the base sleeve 411 slides up and down along the second rod 331 to the target height, the fixing screws 412 are tightened to create friction between the inner wall of the sleeve and the surface of the rod to achieve positioning. When the foundation is flat, the three support legs 42 form an adjustable angle connection with the base sleeve 411 via the connecting ears 413. The exposed length of the support inner tube 422 is controlled by the adjusting screws 423, and the support tip 424 is inserted into the ground to form multi-point support. After the vertical pole sleeve 431 is sleeved onto the bottom end of the second rod 331, the vertical pole fixing bolts 433 radially compress the sleeve wall and the rod surface to achieve a rigid connection. The vertical pole fixing plate 432 is fixed at different points by multiple expansion screws 434, effectively dispersing the anchoring stress.

[0072] When the ground is inclined, the length adjustment function of the support legs 42 can compensate for the difference in terrain elevation. The circular level bubble 417 guides vertical adjustment by observing the bubble's centering, ensuring that the axis of the second vertical pole 33 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. After the multi-way pipe fitting 44 is inserted into the middle of the second vertical pole 33, the connecting rods 45 of adjacent devices are inserted into the connecting pipes to form a rigid horizontal and / or vertical connection. The multiple target devices form a spatial network structure to enhance the overall anti-overturning capability.

[0073] Through the above technical solution, this application achieves a stable installation of the visual target device on a surface with a large drop and gullies. The design of the supporting and fixing platform 4 allows the inclination angle of the second vertical pole 33 to be adjusted, ensuring that the target 1 remains in the optimal observation position. The anchor base 43 is firmly connected to the bedrock surface via expansion screws 434, enhancing the stability of the entire device. This design not only improves the adaptability of the visual target device in complex terrain conditions, but also enhances its ability to resist external impact and vibration, thereby ensuring the accuracy and continuity of monitoring data.

[0074] In an optional embodiment of the present application, reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the fixing assembly 41 further includes at least three connecting ears 413, a partition plate 414, a fastening screw 415 and at least three connecting pipes 416. The connecting ears 413 are evenly arranged on the basic sleeve tube 411 along the radial direction, and the connecting tube 416 is connected to the connecting ears 413 at an adjustable angle through a set connecting arm. One end of the support leg 42 is fastened to the connecting tube 416 by a fastening screw 415, and the partition plate 414 is arranged on the basic sleeve tube 411 closer to one end of the buffer reset connecting rod 3.

[0075] Among them, the connecting ears 413 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer wall of the basic sleeve tube 411, so that the support leg 42 can be adjusted to multiple angles around the basic sleeve tube 411. A rotatable structure is formed between the connecting tube 416 and the connecting ears 413 through a connecting arm, allowing the support leg 42 to adjust the deployment angle in the horizontal plane. After the support leg 42 is inserted into the connecting tube 416, the fastening screw 415 passes through the side wall of the connecting tube 416 and contacts the outer wall of the support leg 42. The support leg 42 and the connecting tube 416 are locked and fixed by tightening the fastening screw 415. The partition plate 414 is located at one end of the basic sleeve tube 411 close to the buffer return spring 31, and is used to limit the installation position of the fixing component 41 on the second vertical pole 33 to avoid interference between the support leg 42 and the buffer return spring 31.

[0076] During the installation process, the basic sleeve 411 is sleeved on the outside of the second vertical pole 33, and after sliding and adjusting to the target position, the fixing screw 412 is tightened to fix it. After the support leg 42 is inserted into the connecting tube 416, the connecting tube 416 is rotated according to the terrain conditions to adjust the deployment angle of the support leg 42, so that the support leg 42 extends in different directions. After the adjustment is completed, the fastening screw 415 is tightened to fasten the support leg 42 to the connecting tube 416 to form a stable triangular support structure. The partition plate 414 is close to the top of the basic sleeve 411 and maintains a distance from the buffer return spring 31 to ensure that the support leg 42 will not collide with the spring when the angle is adjusted. Through the above structure, the deployment angle of the support leg 42 can be flexibly adjusted according to the undulations of the surface, thereby enhancing the adaptability of the support and fixing platform 4 to different terrains, while maintaining the structural strength of the support assembly.

[0077] Specifically, three connecting lugs 413 are welded evenly radially to the outer wall of the base sleeve 411, each with a circular hole. One end of the connecting arm is hingedly connected to the connecting lug 413 via bolts, and the other end is welded to the connecting tube 416. The connecting tube 416 is a cylindrical tubular structure with an inner diameter slightly larger than the outer diameter of the support leg 42 to facilitate insertion. Fastening screws 415 pass through threaded holes in the wall of the connecting tube 416 to secure the support leg 42 within the connecting tube 416. A disc-shaped partition plate 414 is welded to the upper end surface of the base sleeve 411, providing reinforcement and sealing.

[0078] Through the above technical solution, the present application realizes an adjustable connection between the support leg 42 and the base sleeve 411. The hinged structure of the connecting ear 413 and the connecting arm allows the angle of the support leg 42 to be flexibly adjusted to adapt to different terrain conditions. The provision of the partition plate 414 further enhances the stability of the overall structure. This design enables the visual target device to better adapt to the complex terrain of large drop and gully surfaces, improves the stability and reliability of the device, and thus ensures the accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0079] In an optional embodiment of the present application, reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the support leg 42 includes a support outer tube 421, a support inner tube 422 and an adjustment screw 423. One end of the outer support tube 421 is sleeved and fixed in the connecting tube 416. One end of the inner support tube 422 is sleeved on the end of the outer support tube 421 away from the connecting tube 416, and the length of the inner support tube 422 extending out of the outer support tube 421 can be adjusted by adjusting screw 423. The other end of the inner support tube 422 is a support tip 424.

[0080] The outer support tube 421 and the connecting tube 416 are secured by a sleeve connection, forming a rigid connection. The inner support tube 422 is designed as a telescopic sleeve connection with the outer support tube 421. An adjustment screw 423 penetrates the sidewall of the outer support tube 421 and locks the connection with the surface of the inner support tube 422. The support tip 424 is a conical metal component welded to the end of the inner support tube 422. The adjustment screw 423 is a standard M8 screw with a locknut, with a thread length of no less than 20 mm. A 9 mm diameter adjustment hole is provided in the sidewall of the outer support tube 421, and annular grooves are spaced apart on the surface of the inner support tube 422.

[0081] After the fixing assembly 41 completes the positioning of the base sleeve 411 and the second vertical pole 33, the support outer tube 421 is inserted into the connecting tube 416 and axially fixed by screws. The operator can insert the support inner tube 422 from the free end of the support outer tube 421, manually pull the support inner tube 422 to the appropriate length according to the ground slope, and use the adjustment screw 423 to pass through the adjustment hole on the side wall of the support outer tube 421 so that the tip of the screw is embedded in the annular groove on the surface of the support inner tube 422 to complete the length locking. When the support tip 424 contacts the ground, its conical structure can penetrate into the loose soil layer to form an anti-slip anchor point. Through the independent adjustment of multiple groups of support legs 42, the support fixing platform 4 can maintain a horizontal state on the inclined bedrock surface, and the anti-loosening design of the adjustment screw 423 can prevent the support inner tube 422 from accidentally retracting under a vibration environment. This structure ensures the bearing strength of the support leg 42 while achieving stepless length adjustment within the range of 10-50cm. The contact area between the support tip 424 and the ground is reduced to 3cm², and the pressure is increased to more than 8 times that of traditional flat-plate support legs, significantly enhancing the device's anti-overturning ability on loose stacking layers.

[0082] Through the above-mentioned technical solution, the present application achieves adjustable length of support leg 42, improving the adaptability of support leg 42 to various terrains. As a result, the visual target device can adapt to different terrain conditions and ensure the stability of the device. Furthermore, the design of support tip 424 effectively improves the contact stability between support leg 42 and the ground, reducing the risk of the device tipping in harsh environments. The sliding structure of the inner and outer support tubes and the fixing method of adjustment screw 423 make length adjustment simple and quick, improving on-site installation efficiency and flexibility.

[0083] In an optional embodiment of the present application, reference Figure 1 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the fixing assembly 41 further includes a circular level bubble 417 , which is fixedly disposed on the side of the partition plate 414 away from the connecting ear 413 , and is used to indicate the verticality of the second upright pole 33 when adjusting the supporting leg 42 .

[0084] The circular level bubble 417 is a round, sealed, transparent container filled with liquid and containing bubbles. The circular level bubble 417 is mounted on the side of the partition plate 414, away from the connecting lug 413. The partition plate 414 is located at the end of the base sleeve 411 near the buffer reset link 3. When adjusting the support leg 42, the position of the bubble in the circular level bubble 417 can be observed to determine whether the second upright 33 is vertical. The support leg 42 is connected to the base sleeve 411 via a connecting tube 416 and a connecting lug 413. The angle between the connecting tube 416 and the connecting lug 413 is adjustable. The support leg 42 includes an outer support tube 421, an inner support tube 422, and an adjustment screw 423. The inner support tube 422 can be extended or retracted to adjust the length of the support leg 42. The installation position of the circular level bubble 417 allows it to directly reflect the tilt of the second upright 33. The adjustment screw 423 is used to fix the extension and retraction of the inner support tube 422, thereby locking the final length of the support leg 42.

[0085] When installing the support leg 42, the overall height of the support leg 42 is changed by adjusting the length of the support inner tube 422 extending out of the support outer tube 421, thereby adjusting the inclination angle of the second vertical pole 33. The bubble of the circular level bubble 417 is automatically centered when the second vertical pole 33 is vertical. If the second vertical pole 33 is tilted, the bubble shifts from the center position. The operator adjusts the extension and contraction of the support leg 42 according to the direction of the bubble offset until the bubble is centered, at which point the second vertical pole 33 is in a vertical state. The length of the support leg 42 is fixed by locking the adjustment screw 423 to ensure that the support leg 42 and the base sleeve 411 form a stable triangular support structure. This process achieves fast and precise adjustment through real-time visual feedback, avoids manual visual errors, and ensures that the verticality of the second vertical pole 33 meets the installation requirements, thereby enhancing the overall stability of the visual target device and avoiding displacement monitoring errors of the target 1 or uneven force on the buffer reset link 3 due to tilt.

[0086] Through the above technical solution, the present application can provide real-time feedback on the vertical state deviation of the second upright 33 during the adjustment of the support leg 42 through the circular level bubble 417, ensuring that the axis of the upright is strictly perpendicular to the horizontal plane when the device is installed, and avoiding the overall tilt of the device due to the adjustment error of the support leg 42, thereby ensuring the positioning stability of the visual target device in complex terrain and providing an accurate benchmark reference for subsequent visual monitoring equipment.

[0087] In an optional embodiment of the present application, reference Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 7 and Figure 10 As shown, the supporting and fixing platform 4 may further include a multi-way pipe 44 and a connecting rod 45. The multi-way pipe fitting 44 includes a fixed pipe and a connecting pipe. The multi-way pipe fitting 44 is fixed to the second vertical pole 33 through the fixed pipe sleeve. The multi-way pipe fitting 44 is located between the fixed component 41 and the anchor base 43; the connecting rod 45 can be sleeved in the connecting pipe to connect the multi-way pipe fittings 44 on adjacent visual target devices to achieve horizontal connection of multiple visual target devices.

[0088] The multi-way pipe fitting 44 may be a hollow structural member including a fixed pipe and at least one connecting pipe, forming a "T"-shaped, "cross"-shaped, or "M"-shaped channel layout. For example, the multi-way pipe fitting 44 may be a four-way pipe fitting, in which case there may be two connecting pipes. The multi-way pipe fitting 44 may also be a six-way pipe fitting, an eight-way pipe fitting, or a twelve-way pipe fitting, in which case there may be four, six, or ten connecting pipes, respectively. The connecting pipes may all be arranged on radial planes at the same height on the fixed pipe, or may be arranged on radial planes at different heights on the fixed pipe. This exemplary embodiment does not impose any special restrictions on the number or arrangement positions of the connecting pipes of the multi-way pipe fitting 44.

[0089] The multi-way pipe fitting 44 is sleeved on the second vertical pole 33 through its fixed pipe. The installation position is located between the fixed component 41 and the anchor base 43. It is fixed in the middle area of ​​the second vertical pole 33 by bolt fastening or welding. This setting method can ensure that the multi-way pipe fitting 44 provides an additional horizontal connection interface without affecting the normal operation of the upper buffer reset mechanism and the lower anchor structure.

[0090] The connecting pipe is arranged on the circumferential side of the multi-way pipe 44 and extends outward along the radial direction of the fixed pipe. The internal diameter of the connecting pipe is adapted to the outer diameter of the connecting rod 45, so that the connecting rod 45 can be inserted into it and achieve a tight connection. The connecting rod 45 is a solid or hollow structural rod used to connect the multi-way pipes 44 on two adjacent visual target devices to form a transverse rigid connection, such as Figure 10 As shown; of course, the connecting rod 45 can also realize the longitudinal connection of multiple visual target devices through the multi-way pipe fitting 44, or, multiple groups of transversely rigidly connected visual target devices can be longitudinally connected through the connecting rod 45 to obtain a target frame network composed of multiple visual target devices, thereby further improving the stability of the visual target device.

[0091] The length of the connecting rod 45 can be customized according to the spacing of the target layout on site. Standard profiles such as round tubes and square tubes are usually used, and it is fixed with the multi-way pipe fitting 44 by pins, bolts or a clamping structure to ensure a firm and detachable connection.

[0092] During the on-site deployment process, multiple visual target devices can be arranged along the contour lines or sight lines on the gully slope. By connecting the connecting rods 45 one by one in series, a grid-like target frame network is formed, so that when subjected to external impact (such as local landslide of the slope), a certain horizontal and / or vertical restraint and linkage support can be formed, thereby significantly improving the stability of the entire device under lateral disturbances, especially in the slope foot or gully mouth area, the connecting rod network can form a stable "truss-type" deployment system, effectively reducing the risk of single-point tilting and sliding, and extending the system service life.

[0093] In addition, the horizontal and / or vertical grid connection structure also has the advantages of auxiliary positioning and rapid deployment. During the initial deployment of the device, the multi-way pipe fittings 44 can be used as a physical guide reference for the relative positions of multiple devices, combined with the connecting rods 45 of uniform length to achieve rapid networking installation with equal spacing and height, which facilitates the subsequent visual monitoring system's perspective calibration and target recognition algorithm optimization.

[0094] By introducing a multi-way pipe fitting 44 and a connecting rod 45 structure into the supporting fixed platform 4, it is possible to achieve stable connection, coordinated layout and structural complementarity of the visual target device in the horizontal and / or vertical directions, and to form a grid-like target frame network of the visual target device, thereby further improving the overall stability of the device under complex working conditions in the field and the long-term reliability of the visual recognition system.

[0095] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, a method for deploying a visual target device used in the embodiment of the present application is also proposed, comprising: Select the deployment location in the surface area with large drop gullies to be monitored, and dig a tunnel with a depth of not less than 50cm at the deployment location until the bedrock surface is exposed; Place the anchor base 43 on the bedrock surface so that its bottom is in contact with the bedrock surface. Insert the expansion screws 434 through the multiple fixing holes on the anchor base 43 and tighten them to achieve an anchor connection between the anchor base 43 and the bedrock surface. Insert the bottom end of the second vertical pole 33 into the vertical pole sleeve 431 of the anchor base 43, and fasten the second vertical pole 33 to the vertical pole sleeve 431 with the vertical pole fixing bolt 433; The fixing assembly 41 of the support fixing platform 4 is sleeved on the second vertical pole 33 and positioned at a preset height by fixing screws 412. At least three support legs 42 are installed on the fixing assembly 41. The support legs 42 are fixedly connected to the fixing assembly 41 through connecting ears 413 and connecting tubes 416. The extension length is adjusted by using the support outer tube 421, the support inner tube 422 and the adjustment screw 423. The circular level bubble 417 provided on the support fixing platform 4 is adjusted to ensure that the circular level bubble 417 is centered to achieve vertical positioning of the second vertical pole 33 and ensure the triangular stability of the visual target device. The buffer return spring 31 is sequentially sleeved between the first vertical rod 32 and the second vertical rod 33, and the target protection cover 2 is fixed to the first vertical rod 32 through the connecting plate 322. The target 1 is fixedly installed inside the target protection cover 2 through the target fixing plate 23 and the connecting platform 11. According to the requirements of the on-site terrain, the multi-way pipe fitting 44 is sleeved on the second vertical pole 33, and the connecting rod 45 for horizontal and / or vertical connection is inserted into the connecting pipe of the multi-way pipe fitting 44 to achieve horizontal and / or vertical connection between multiple visual target devices to form a target frame network; After assembly is completed, the soil is backfilled in layers in the tunnel to the bottom of the supporting fixed platform 4 in a slope shape, so that the center height of the target 1 is about 40 cm above the ground surface, which is used for subsequent visual monitoring equipment to perform viewpoint tracking and displacement identification.

[0096] First, conduct an on-site survey of the gully surface area to be monitored, select a number of deployment points with representative or high-risk characteristics, and excavate a tunnel at each deployment point. The tunnel depth is preferably set to no less than 50 cm until a stable bedrock surface is exposed to ensure that the subsequent anchoring structure has a good bearing foundation and improve the structural stability and anti-interference performance of the overall device. Subsequently, the anchor base 43 is placed on the bedrock surface so that its bottom is fully in contact with the bedrock surface, and the expansion screws 434 are passed through the multiple fixing holes preset on the anchor base 43 to reliably fix the base to the bedrock by mechanical expansion. This anchoring method can adapt to a variety of foundation conditions such as rock, concrete or compacted soil, and has the characteristics of simple construction, large pull-out force, and strong anti-loosening ability. Next, the bottom end of the second vertical pole 33 is inserted into the vertical pole sleeve 431 of the anchor base 43, and locked with the sleeve by the vertical pole fixing bolt 433 to complete the basic installation of the vertical body of the device. In order to ensure the adjustability of the installation height of the device and facilitate structural docking, the second vertical pole 33 and the supporting fixed platform 4 are slidably matched through the basic sleeve pipe 411. The fixing assembly 41 is installed on the supporting fixed platform 4, and the supporting legs 42 are arranged according to the connecting ears 413 and the connecting pipes 416 on the platform. The length of the supporting legs 42 is adjusted by the relative telescopic structure of the supporting outer tube 421 and the supporting inner tube 422 in combination with the adjusting screw 423 to adapt to the different slopes and uneven terrain conditions on site. A circular level bubble 417 is provided on the upper part of the supporting fixed platform 4. The construction personnel can adjust the length and angle of each supporting leg 42 by observing the position of the bubble until the circular bubble is centered, ensuring the stability of the vertical state of the second vertical pole 33, thereby improving the verticality and measurement accuracy of the target 1 of the entire device. After completing the leveling of the support structure, the buffer return spring 31 is sequentially sleeved on the second vertical pole 33 and connected to the first vertical pole 32, and then the target shield 2 is fixed to the upper end of the first vertical pole 32, and finally the target 1 is set on the target fixing plate 23 inside the target shield 2 through the connecting platform 11 to complete the assembly of the upper structure. During the assembly process, the various structures are connected by bolts or welding to ensure reliable connection. If necessary, stoppers or anti-loosening washers can be added at the connection to prevent vibration and loosening. According to actual layout requirements, if a target array or multi-point collaborative monitoring system needs to be constructed on site, a multi-way pipe fitting 44 can be installed in the middle of the second vertical pole 33, and a horizontal connection network can be constructed with adjacent target devices by horizontally inserting connecting rods 45 to form a linkage support system to improve the overall wind load resistance and anti-sliding performance. After the device is assembled, layered backfill is carried out in the tunnel. It is preferred to use graded gravel or original soil to be layered and compacted to the bottom of the support and fixing platform 4, and the transition area of ​​the platform edge is leveled. Finally, the fill height was adjusted so that the center of target 1 was about 40 cm from the ground surface, ensuring that it was within the optimal range of the field of view of the video monitoring equipment, facilitating the long-term implementation of subsequent image recognition, displacement tracking, and visual registration operations.

[0097] It is understandable that, while deploying a visual target device for risk monitoring, a reference point with high stability can be determined in the surrounding area, and a visual target device can be set at the reference point to monitor the relative displacement between the reference point and the risky deployment point through a visual displacement meter during visual tracking detection, thereby achieving displacement monitoring of the risky deployment point. Of course, in some optional embodiments, the visual displacement meter can issue a warning notification message when it detects that the relative displacement between the reference point and the risky deployment point is greater than or equal to a safe displacement threshold.

[0098] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the detailed structure and arrangement of the components proposed in this application. The present application can have other embodiments and can be implemented and executed in a variety of ways. The aforementioned variations and modifications fall within the scope of this application. It should be understood that the present application disclosed and defined in this application extends to all alternative combinations of two or more individual features mentioned or apparent in the text and / or the drawings. All of these different combinations constitute multiple alternative aspects of the present application. The embodiments described in this application illustrate the best known methods for implementing the present application and will enable those skilled in the art to utilize the present application.

Claims

1. A visual target device for monitoring surface collapse in large-drop gullies, characterized in that: include: target; A target protective cover, wherein the target is fixedly arranged inside the target protective cover; A buffer reset connecting rod, wherein the target protection cover is fixedly arranged at one end of the buffer reset connecting rod; A supporting and fixing platform is provided on the end of the buffer reset connecting rod away from the target protective cover, used for supporting the target protective cover and fixed on the surface of the gully with a large drop; When the target protection cover is impacted by an external disaster source, the buffer reset link generates elastic deformation to absorb and disperse the impact force, and drives the target protection cover to return to its original position when the impact ends.

2. The visual target device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The target protection cover comprises: The basic structural frame is composed of multiple structural pipes welded together to form a protective support foundation; At least two extended protection frames, disposed on both sides of a side surface of the basic structural frame, formed by welding a plurality of structural tubes and extending in a direction perpendicular to the side surface, and configured to protrude from the side surface to form a protective boss to prevent external sources of disaster from contacting the target; a target fixing plate, fixedly arranged on the side of the base structure frame where the extension protection frame is located, the target including a connecting platform, and the target fixing plate is used to fix the target inside the target protection cover through the connecting platform; The guard plate is laid on the outer sides of the basic structure frame and the extension protection frame to form the protection surface of the basic structure frame and the extension protection frame.

3. The visual target device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The target protection cover comprises: At least two buffer rubber plates are respectively arranged on the side of the extension protection frame away from the basic structure frame, and are used to buffer the impact force on the extension protection frame or the target when the target protection cover is impacted by an external disaster source.

4. The visual target device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer reset connecting rod comprises: Buffer return spring; A first upright pole, comprising a first rod body, a connecting plate, and a reinforcing rib, wherein the connecting plate is provided at one end of the first rod body and lies in a plane perpendicular to the extension direction of the first rod body, the reinforcing rib is provided between the connecting plate and the first rod body, the connecting plate is used to fixedly connect the target shield, and an end of the first rod body away from the connecting plate is sleeved with one end of the buffer return spring; The second vertical pole includes a second rod body, one end of the second rod body is sleeved on the end of the buffer reset spring away from the target protective cover, and the supporting and fixing platform is sleeved on the other end of the second rod body.

5. The visual target device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The supporting and fixing platform comprises: a fixing assembly, comprising a basic sleeve and a fixing screw, wherein the basic sleeve can be movably sleeved on the second rod and fixed at a target position on the second rod by the fixing screw; at least three supporting legs, one end of which is fixedly connected to the base sleeve and is evenly distributed radially, for adjusting the inclination angle between the second upright pole and the horizontal plane; The anchoring base includes a pole sleeve, a pole fixing plate and a pole fixing bolt. The end of the second rod body away from the buffer return spring is sleeved in the pole sleeve and fastened by the pole fixing bolt. The pole fixing plate is arranged at the end of the pole sleeve away from the second rod body and is provided with multiple fixing holes. The pole fixing plate is fixed to the bedrock surface of the gully with a large drop through the fixing holes and expansion screws.

6. The visual target device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixing assembly further comprises at least three connecting ears, a partition plate, a fastening screw and at least three connecting pipes; In which, the connecting ears are evenly arranged on the basic sleeve tube in the radial direction, the connecting tube is connected to the connecting ears at an adjustable angle through a connecting arm, one end of the support leg is fastened to the connecting tube by a fastening screw, and the partition plate is arranged on the basic sleeve tube closer to one end of the buffer reset connecting rod.

7. The visual target device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support leg includes a support outer tube, a support inner tube and an adjusting screw. One end of the support outer tube is sleeved and fixed in the connecting tube. One end of the support inner tube is sleeved on the end of the support outer tube away from the connecting tube, and the length extending out of the support outer tube is adjusted by the adjusting screw, and the other end of the support inner tube is a support tip.

8. The visual target device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixing assembly also includes a circular level bubble, which is fixedly arranged on the side of the partition plate away from the connecting ear and is used to indicate the verticality of the second upright pole when adjusting the supporting leg.

9. The visual target device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The supporting and fixing platform also includes a multi-way pipe fitting and a connecting rod; The multi-way pipe member includes a fixed pipe and a connecting pipe. The multi-way pipe member is fixed to the second vertical pole by sleeve-engaging the fixed pipe. The connecting pipe is formed by extending radially outward from the fixed pipe. The multi-way pipe member is located between the fixed assembly and the anchor base. The connecting rod can be sleeved in the connecting pipe to connect the multi-way pipes on adjacent visual target devices, thereby achieving transverse and / or longitudinal connection of multiple visual target devices.

10. A method for deploying a visual target device, applied to the visual target device for monitoring surface collapse in large-drop gullies as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises: Select the deployment location in the surface area with large drop gullies to be monitored, and dig a tunnel with a depth of not less than 50cm at the deployment location until the bedrock surface is exposed; Place the anchor base on the bedrock surface so that its bottom is in contact with the bedrock surface, insert expansion screws into the multiple fixing holes on the anchor base, and tighten them to achieve anchor connection between the anchor base and the bedrock surface; Insert the bottom end of the second vertical pole into the vertical pole sleeve of the anchor base, and fasten the second vertical pole to the vertical pole sleeve through the vertical pole fixing bolts; The fixing assembly of the support fixing platform is placed on the second vertical pole and positioned at a preset height by fixing screws. At least three support legs are installed on the fixing assembly. The support legs are fixedly connected to the fixing assembly through connecting ears and connecting tubes. The extension length is adjusted by using the support outer tube, support inner tube and adjustment screws. The circular level bubble set on the support fixing platform is adjusted to ensure that the circular level bubble is centered to achieve vertical positioning of the second vertical pole and ensure the triangular stability of the visual target device. The buffer return spring is sequentially sleeved between the first vertical pole and the second vertical pole, and the target protection cover is fixed to the first vertical pole through the connecting plate, and the target is fixedly installed inside the target protection cover through the target fixing plate and the connecting platform; According to the requirements of the on-site terrain, the multi-way pipe fitting is sleeved on the second vertical pole, and the connecting rods for horizontal and / or vertical connection are inserted into the connecting pipes of the multi-way pipe fitting to achieve horizontal and / or vertical connection between multiple visual target devices to form a target frame network; After assembly is completed, the soil is backfilled in layers in the tunnel to the bottom of the supporting fixed platform in a slope shape, so that the center height of the target is about 40 cm above the ground surface, which is used for subsequent visual monitoring equipment to perform viewpoint tracking and displacement identification.

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