Idle speed control method, device and equipment of fuel cell system and medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses an idle speed control method and device of a fuel cell system, equipment and a medium, and relates to the technical field of fuel cell systems. The method comprises the following steps: if an instruction for indicating the fuel cell system to enter an idle running state is received, controlling a target accessory to enter an enabling state; determining the total operation power of the target accessory in the enabled state as the operation power of the electric pile, and controlling the electric pile based on the operation power of the electric pile; inputting the difference value between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the single cell of the electric pile into a proportional integral controller to obtain the opening degree of an air inlet pile stop valve, and controlling the air inlet pile stop valve and an air bypass valve according to the opening degree of the air inlet pile stop valve; the duty ratio of the hydrogen injection valve is determined according to the amount of air actually entering the electric pile, and the hydrogen injection valve is controlled according to the duty ratio. According to the technical scheme, when the fuel cell system is in an idling running state, the fuel consumption is reduced while the external output power is zero.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell systems, and in particular to an idle speed control method, device, equipment and medium for a fuel cell system. Background Art

[0002] As fuel cell vehicles evolve from extended-range to full-power models, the capacity of power batteries is trending downward. To maintain the battery's SOC balance and address certain charging power limitations, the fuel cell must remain operational and output no power at idle, while also being able to quickly respond to vehicle power demands.

[0003] Currently, the control scheme for fuel cell systems in the idle state mainly relies on other system accessories to consume the power output by the fuel cell stack. For example, a PTC heater or air compressor is used to consume the excess electricity generated by the fuel cell stack when the vehicle is idling, so as to achieve zero output of the fuel cell stack driving power. Although this method can simply and effectively achieve the goal of zero idle power for the fuel cell system, it will greatly increase the fuel consumption of the system for automotive fuel cell systems, and its economic efficiency is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an idle speed control method, device, equipment and medium for a fuel cell system, which can reduce the amount of fuel consumed while outputting zero external power in the idle operation state of the fuel cell system.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an idle speed control method for a fuel cell system, the method comprising:

[0006] If an instruction for instructing the fuel cell system to enter an idle operation state is received, controlling a target accessory to enter an enabled state; the target accessory is an accessory used to maintain the operation of the fuel cell system;

[0007] Determining the total operating power of the target accessory in an enabled state as the stack operating power, and controlling the stack based on the stack operating power;

[0008] The difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the battery stack cell is input into the proportional-integral controller to obtain the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve, and the air inlet cut-off valve and the air bypass valve are controlled according to the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve;

[0009] Based on the correspondence between the amount of air entering the stack and the amount of hydrogen entering the stack, the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve is determined according to the actual amount of air entering the fuel cell stack, and the hydrogen injection valve is controlled according to the duty cycle.

[0010] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an idle speed control device for a fuel cell system, comprising:

[0011] a target accessory control module, configured to control a target accessory to enter an enabled state upon receiving an instruction for instructing the fuel cell system to enter an idle operation state; the target accessory being an accessory for maintaining the operation of the fuel cell system;

[0012] a stack control module, configured to determine the total operating power of the target accessory in an enabled state as the stack operating power, and control the stack based on the stack operating power;

[0013] The air inlet cut-off valve control module is used to input the difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the battery stack single cell into the proportional-integral controller to obtain the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve, and control the air inlet cut-off valve and the air bypass valve according to the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve;

[0014] The hydrogen injection valve control module is used to determine the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve based on the corresponding relationship between the amount of air entering the stack and the amount of hydrogen entering the stack, according to the actual amount of air entering the fuel cell stack, and control the hydrogen injection valve according to the duty cycle.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, comprising:

[0016] at least one processor; and

[0017] a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0018] The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor. The computer program is executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the idle speed control method of the fuel cell system according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the idle speed control method of the fuel cell system according to any embodiment of the present invention when executed.

[0020] The present technical solution includes: upon receiving an instruction for instructing a fuel cell system to enter an idle operating state, controlling a target accessory to enter an enabled state; the target accessory being an accessory used to maintain the operation of the fuel cell system; determining the total operating power of the target accessory in the enabled state as the stack operating power, and controlling the stack based on the stack operating power; inputting the difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the stack cell voltage into a proportional-integral controller to obtain the opening of the air-inlet shutoff valve, and controlling the air-inlet shutoff valve and the air bypass valve based on the opening of the air-inlet shutoff valve; determining the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve based on the actual amount of air entering the stack based on the correspondence between the amount of air entering the stack and the amount of hydrogen entering the stack, and controlling the hydrogen injection valve based on the duty cycle. By controlling the stack power to be the total operating power of the target accessory in the enabled state, the present technical solution reduces the amount of fuel consumed while outputting zero power to the outside in the idle operating state of the fuel cell system, thereby significantly improving the economic efficiency of the entire fuel cell system.

[0021] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of an idle speed control method for a fuel cell system provided in accordance with the first embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of an idle speed control method for a fuel cell system provided in accordance with the second embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an idle speed control device for a fuel cell system according to the third embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device for implementing an idle speed control method of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", "target", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] Figure 1 A flowchart of an idle speed control method for a fuel cell system is provided for the first embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the present application is applicable to the case of performing idle speed control on a fuel cell system. The method can be executed by an idle speed control device of the fuel cell system. The idle speed control device of the fuel cell system can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software. The idle speed control device of the fuel cell system can be configured in an electronic device with data processing capabilities. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0031] S110 : If an instruction for instructing the fuel cell system to enter an idle operation state is received, a target accessory is controlled to enter an enabled state; the target accessory is an accessory for maintaining the operation of the fuel cell system.

[0032] The fuel cell system is the power source of a fuel cell vehicle. It converts the chemical energy of fuel (such as hydrogen, methanol, etc.) directly into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. The electrical energy is used to drive the vehicle or is stored in a power battery. The operation of a fuel cell system can be divided into multiple stages, such as wake-up, startup, power generation, shutdown, idle, and fault hold. The methods described in the embodiments of this application are applicable to the idle stage.

[0033] It should be noted that after the fuel cell system enters the idle operation state, the output power of the fuel cell system is 0, but the fuel cell system is still running. Specifically, the power output by the fuel cell system's stack is consumed by the accessories of the fuel cell system, so that the output power of the entire fuel cell system is 0. The stack is used to process fuel (such as hydrogen) and air and output current. In addition to the fuel cell controller, the fuel cell system also includes but is not limited to: a CVM controller (cell voltage monitoring controller), a stack voltage boost controller DCDC, an air compressor, a water pump, a hydrogen circulation pump, an air bypass valve, an air inlet shut-off valve, an air back pressure valve, an inlet air flow sensor, and a hydrogen injection valve; wherein the accessories used to maintain the operation of the fuel cell system are target accessories. Exemplarily, the target accessories are an air compressor, a water pump, a hydrogen circulation pump, and a stack voltage boost controller.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present application, the CVM controller is used to collect the voltage of a single cell in the fuel cell stack and can output the maximum, minimum, and average single cell voltage; the DCDC is used to stabilize the output voltage of the fuel cell stack, and to increase the voltage of the fuel cell stack according to a certain boost ratio and output it to the power battery of the entire vehicle; the air compressor is an air flow providing device, and the air flow control entering the fuel cell stack is ultimately realized by it; the water pump is the power source of the coolant of the fuel cell system, and is used to transport the coolant to the components that need cooling; the hydrogen circulation pump is used to re-introduce the hydrogen at the outlet of the fuel cell stack to the inlet of the fuel cell stack to achieve hydrogen recycling; the air bypass valve is used to bypass the air entering the fuel cell stack; the air inlet shut-off valve is used to directly control the air entering the stack. If this valve is closed, air cannot enter the stack; the air back pressure valve is installed in the air pipe at the outlet of the fuel cell stack, and adjusts the air pressure inside the fuel cell stack by changing the opening; the air inlet flow sensor is used to collect the actual air flow entering the fuel cell stack; the hydrogen injection valve is used to control the flow and pressure of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack.

[0035] Specifically, the method described in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by a fuel cell controller, which receives sensor data through a data interface and outputs control instructions to the actuator through a microprocessor to realize the operation control of the fuel cell stack and system accessories. If an instruction is received from the vehicle controller for the fuel cell system to enter the idle operation state, it is necessary to control the fuel cell system to enter the idle operation state. In this case, the target accessory can be controlled to enter the enabled state, that is, the target accessory operation state is kept at the minimum output power state of the power generation output stage. The purpose is to quickly enter the power generation output stage after exiting the idle state and entering the startup stage, and quickly respond to the vehicle power request. The control target accessory enters the enabled state, namely: the air compressor speed, water pump speed, hydrogen circulation pump speed, and DCDC remain in the enabled state.

[0036] S120: Determine the total operating power of the target accessory in an enabled state as the fuel cell stack operating power, and control the fuel cell stack based on the fuel cell stack operating power.

[0037] Specifically, when the fuel cell system is in the idling state, in order to make the total output power zero, the output power of the fuel cell stack needs to be completely consumed by the target accessories. In this case, the operating power of the fuel cell stack is equal to the total operating power of the target accessories in the enabled state.

[0038] S130 , inputting the difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the battery stack cell into a proportional-integral controller to obtain the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve, and controlling the air inlet cut-off valve and the air bypass valve according to the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve.

[0039] Specifically, when the power of the fuel cell stack is controlled to reach the fuel cell stack operating power, a higher single cell voltage will be pulled out after the fuel cell stack is ventilated with hydrogen and air. In this case, the amount of air entering the fuel cell stack needs to be controlled. Specifically, the amount of air entering the fuel cell stack can be controlled by controlling the opening of the air inlet shut-off valve. The difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the single cell in the fuel cell stack is processed by a proportional-integral controller, and the opening of the air inlet shut-off valve is output. The air inlet shut-off valve is controlled based on the opening of the air inlet shut-off valve. At the same time, in order to bypass the air entering the fuel cell stack, the opening of the air bypass valve that matches the opening of the air inlet shut-off valve needs to be determined according to the opening of the air inlet shut-off valve, and the air bypass valve is controlled based on the opening of the air bypass valve.

[0040] S140 , based on the correspondence between the amount of air entering the stack and the amount of hydrogen entering the stack, determine the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve according to the actual amount of air entering the stack, and control the hydrogen injection valve according to the duty cycle.

[0041] Furthermore, when the hydrogen flow entering the fuel cell stack is controlled to match the air flow during the idling phase, the amount of air entering the stack can be obtained (the amount of air entering the stack is the amount of air entering the stack), and the amount of hydrogen entering the stack that matches the amount of air entering the stack is calculated (the amount of hydrogen entering the stack is the amount of hydrogen entering the stack), and then the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve is calculated based on the amount of hydrogen entering the stack, and the hydrogen injection valve is controlled according to the duty cycle.

[0042] The present technical solution includes: upon receiving an instruction for instructing a fuel cell system to enter an idle operating state, controlling a target accessory to enter an enabled state; the target accessory being an accessory used to maintain the operation of the fuel cell system; determining the total operating power of the target accessory in the enabled state as the stack operating power, and controlling the stack based on the stack operating power; inputting the difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the stack cell voltage into a proportional-integral controller to obtain the opening of the air-inlet shutoff valve, and controlling the air-inlet shutoff valve and the air bypass valve based on the opening of the air-inlet shutoff valve; determining the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve based on the actual amount of air entering the stack based on the correspondence between the amount of air entering the stack and the amount of hydrogen entering the stack, and controlling the hydrogen injection valve based on the duty cycle. By controlling the stack power to be the total operating power of the target accessory in the enabled state, the present technical solution reduces the amount of fuel consumed while outputting zero power to the outside in the idle operating state of the fuel cell system, thereby significantly improving the economic efficiency of the entire fuel cell system.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of an idle speed control method for a fuel cell system provided in Example 2 of the present application. This embodiment of the present application is optimized based on the above embodiment.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, the method of the embodiment of the present application specifically includes the following steps:

[0046] S210 : If an instruction for instructing the fuel cell system to enter an idle operation state is received, a target accessory is controlled to enter an enabled state; the target accessory is an accessory for maintaining the operation of the fuel cell system.

[0047] Illustratively, the method described in the embodiment of the present application is stored in a fuel cell controller in the form of C code, and the method described in the embodiment of the present application is executed by the fuel cell controller.

[0048] It should be noted that the method described in the embodiment of the present application is universal and can be flexibly adapted according to different fuel cell system architectures, component characteristic parameters and stack characteristic parameters. The parameters exemplified in the embodiment of the present application are only for a certain model of equipment. Obviously, the parameters for different models of equipment may be different.

[0049] For example, when the fuel cell system is started for the first time, it first enters the system wake-up stage, then the startup stage, and after a successful startup, it enters the power generation output stage. If the startup fails, it enters the fault holding stage, and the fault is reset after the system is powered on again; when the controller determines that the conditions for entering the idle operation stage are met, the fuel cell system enters the idle operation stage; when the controller determines that the conditions for exiting the idle operation stage are met, the fuel cell system exits the idle operation stage and enters the startup stage, and the cycle continues; when the system receives a shutdown command sent by the entire vehicle, it enters the shutdown stage, and the system loses power after the shutdown is completed. If the shutdown fails, it enters the fault holding stage and the fault is reset after the system is powered on again.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present application, optionally, the method also includes: when the fuel cell system does not report an emergency fault, if the power request received from the vehicle controller is 0 and no shutdown command is received, it is determined that an instruction for instructing the fuel cell system to enter an idle operation state is received.

[0051] For example, when the power request signal sent by the vehicle controller to the fuel cell controller through the CAN network is 0kw, the fuel cell controller has not received a shutdown command and the fuel cell system has not reported a level 3 fault, the fuel cell system enters the idle operation stage and executes power control in the idle state, so that the fuel cell system is in an idle operation state and does not output power to the vehicle's power battery.

[0052] It should be noted that the fuel cell system fault level is determined by the software in the fuel cell controller based on the current operating status of the fuel cell system. The fault is divided into three levels, where the first level fault is a warning, the second level fault requires limiting the output power, and the third level fault is an emergency fault, requiring the fuel cell system to be shut down immediately.

[0053] This solution is set up in this way to clarify the triggering conditions for the fuel cell system to enter idle operation, which can be used to quickly determine whether it has entered the idle operation stage.

[0054] S220, determining the sum of the air compressor operating power, the water pump operating power, the hydrogen circulation pump operating power and the power consumption of the stack voltage boost controller in the enabled state as the stack operating power, and controlling the stack based on the stack operating power.

[0055] In an embodiment of the present application, optionally, the method further includes: determining the product of the operating voltage and the operating current of the air compressor in the enabled state as the operating power of the air compressor; determining the product of the operating voltage and the operating current of the water pump in the enabled state as the operating power of the water pump; determining the product of the operating voltage and the operating current of the hydrogen circulation pump in the enabled state as the operating power of the hydrogen circulation pump; determining the difference between the output power and the input power of the stack voltage boost controller in the enabled state as the power consumption of the stack voltage boost controller; the output power is the product of the output side voltage and the output side current of the stack voltage boost controller, and the input power is the product of the input side voltage and the input side current of the stack voltage boost controller.

[0056] In a specific example, assume that the operating voltage of the air compressor in the enabled state is Uacp, and the current is Iacp; the operating voltage of the water pump in the enabled state is Uwp, and the current is Iwp; the operating voltage of the hydrogen circulation pump in the enabled state is Uhcp, and the current is Ihcp; the input side voltage of the DCDC in the enabled state is Udci, and the input side current is Idci; the output side voltage is Udco, and the output side current is Idco; then the air compressor operating power Pacp = Uacp*Iacp, the water pump operating power Pwp = Uwp*Iwp, the hydrogen circulation pump operating power Phcp = Uhcp*Ihcp, and the DCDC consumption power Pdc = Udco*Idco-Udci*Idci; assume that the set power of the stack in the idle running state is Pset, then in order to make all the output power of the stack used for consumption of the fuel cell system accessories, so that the overall output power of the system is 0, the set power for the stack in the idle running state is Pset = Pacp+Pwp+Phcp+Pdc.

[0057] This solution is configured so that all the power output by the fuel cell stack is used to maintain the operation of the target accessories, and the operating power of the target accessories is the minimum power. This configuration minimizes the amount of fuel consumed by the fuel cell system, greatly improving the economy of the fuel cell system in the idle state.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present application, optionally, the fuel cell stack is controlled based on the fuel cell stack operating power, including: determining the operating current of the fuel cell stack according to the volt-ampere characteristics of the fuel cell stack and the fuel cell stack operating power; and controlling the fuel cell stack based on the fuel cell stack operating current.

[0059] For example, under normal circumstances, the voltage of the stack is stable during the idling phase. After determining the stack operating power, the stack operating current (the stack operating current is the set current) can be calculated based on the stack's volt-ampere characteristics, and the stack can be controlled based on this current. This configuration of the present solution can accurately control the stack current, thereby ensuring that the stack power is the stack operating power.

[0060] S230 , inputting the difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the battery stack cell into a proportional-integral controller to obtain the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve, and controlling the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve according to the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present application, optionally, the difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the battery stack cell voltage is input into a proportional-integral controller to obtain the opening of the air inlet shutoff valve, including: inputting the difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the battery stack cell voltage into the proportional-integral controller to obtain the output of the proportional part and the output of the integral part of the proportional-integral controller; determining the sum of the output of the proportional part and the output of the integral part as the opening of the air inlet shutoff valve; the opening corresponding to the air inlet shutoff valve being closed is 0, and the opening corresponding to the air inlet shutoff valve being fully open is 100%. The proportional coefficient of the proportional part of the proportional-integral controller is a positive value; and the integral coefficient of the integral part of the proportional-integral controller is a positive value.

[0062] This scheme is set up in this way, and the opening of the air inlet shut-off valve can be dynamically adjusted through the proportional-integral controller. By adjusting the integral coefficient of the integral controller, the opening change speed can be adjusted, avoiding the situation of roughly controlling the valve opening and greatly improving the life of the fuel cell stack.

[0063] For example, the DCDC output mode is the current mode, that is, the set current is kept unchanged; in the idling stage, the air compressor speed is kept at the speed when the system generates the minimum output power in the power output stage. Under the normal pressure regulation state of the air back pressure valve, if the air inlet shut-off valve is fully open and the bypass valve is fully closed, that is, all the air enters the fuel cell stack, in this case, the actual air flow entering the fuel cell stack is too much, and the system output power cannot be 0, so it is necessary to reduce the air flow entering the stack and reduce the hydrogen supply at the same time; the set current of the fuel cell stack in the idling stage is Iset, which is a small current value. According to the volt-ampere characteristics, the fuel cell stack will inevitably pull up a higher average single cell voltage after hydrogen and air are passed through the stack. A higher single cell voltage is not good for the life of the fuel cell stack, so the fuel cell stack voltage should be reduced by bypassing the fuel cell stack air and reducing the amount of air entering the stack; the average voltage safety value of the fuel cell stack in the stable state is set to Uavesf, Uave sf is a calibratable voltage value, the unit is V, and the range is 0.8-0.85V; assuming that the actual single cell average voltage is Uaveact, the difference between the set and actual single cell average voltage is Uavedif = Uavesf-Uaveact, and the PI controller (proportional-integral algorithm) is used to calculate the opening of the air inlet shut-off valve in the idle stage, and the difference between the set and actual single cell average voltage is used as the input of the PI controller of the air inlet shut-off valve opening, and the opening of the air inlet shut-off valve in the closed state is specified to be 0, and the opening in the fully open state is specified to be 100%; the calculated output of the proportional part (P) of the PI controller is Dkp, and the proportional coefficient is a positive value; the calculated output of the integral part (I) of the PI controller is Dki, and the integral coefficient is a positive value; assuming that the final air inlet shut-off valve opening setting value is Distset, then Distset = Dkp+Dki. This solution is set up in such a way that the proportional-integral controller is used to stably control the valve opening, and the integral coefficient of the proportional-integral controller is adjustable, so that the speed of change of the air inlet shut-off valve opening can be adjusted. Compared with the crude control method of directly adjusting the opening to a fixed value in other solutions, it can maintain the stability of the stack voltage and extend the life of the stack.

[0064] S240 , subtracting the air inlet shut-off valve opening from 1 to obtain the air bypass valve opening.

[0065] S250: Control the opening of the air bypass valve according to the opening of the air bypass valve.

[0066] For example, after obtaining the opening of the air inlet shutoff valve, the opening of the air bypass valve is calculated so that the sum of the opening of the air bypass valve and the opening of the air inlet shutoff valve is 1. This scheme is set up in this way so that the air flow either flows into the fuel cell stack through the air inlet shutoff valve or bypasses through the air bypass valve, making the air flow stable and avoiding the situation where all the air is squeezed into a certain valve.

[0067] S260 , based on the correspondence between the amount of air entering the stack and the amount of hydrogen entering the stack, determine the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve according to the actual amount of air entering the stack, and control the hydrogen injection valve according to the duty cycle.

[0068] In an embodiment of the present application, optionally, based on the correspondence between the amount of air entering the stack and the amount of hydrogen entering the stack, the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve is determined according to the actual amount of air entering the fuel cell stack, including: determining the product of the hydrogen-air reaction coefficient and the amount of air entering the stack as the hydrogen flow value; and determining the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve by multiplying the hydrogen flow value and the hydrogen flow-duty cycle conversion coefficient.

[0069] The hydrogen-air reaction coefficient is the hydrogen-air reaction coefficient, which can be represented by A. The hydrogen flow-duty cycle conversion coefficient is the hydrogen flow-duty cycle conversion coefficient, which can be represented by B.

[0070] For example, during the idling phase, the hydrogen supply should correspond to the air flow rate entering the stack to avoid abnormal reactant ratios on the cathode or anode sides, which could lead to cathode and anode starvation and damage to the stack. Assuming the actual air flow rate entering the stack as measured by the air flow sensor is Mairact (in kg / h), and the set value for the hydrogen flow rate entering the stack is Mh2set, then based on the specific chemical reaction principle of a particular stack, Mh2set = A*Mairact, where A is the hydrogen-air reaction coefficient. Assuming the hydrogen injection valve duty cycle set value is DCh2set, then based on the relationship between the hydrogen injection flow rate and duty cycle of a particular hydrogen injection valve model, DCh2set = B*Mh2set, where B is the hydrogen flow-to-duty cycle conversion coefficient. Both A and B are calibrable values ​​that can be determined based on actual bench testing. This scheme is configured so that the amount of hydrogen entering the stack matches the amount of air, allowing the stack to operate stably.

[0071] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the execution of the method makes use of the existing mature sensors and actuators of the fuel cell system, without adding new sensors and actuators, simplifying the system architecture and realizing efficient use of sensors and actuators. The method described in the embodiment of the present application is universal and can be flexibly adapted according to different fuel cell system architectures, component characteristic parameters and stack characteristic parameters. The method described in the embodiment of the present application stably controls the valve opening through a proportional-integral controller, and the speed of the opening change is adjustable, avoiding the situation of crude control of the valve opening in other schemes. The method described in the embodiment of the present application ensures that the main system accessories maintain a state of being able to enter the power generation stage at any time during the idling stage without significantly increasing the useless power consumption (that is, the amount of fuel consumed is the minimum amount of fuel required to maintain the fuel cell system), which is conducive to rapid power response.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an idle speed control device for a fuel cell system provided in the third embodiment of the present application. The device can execute the idle speed control method for the fuel cell system provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. Figure 3 As shown, the device includes:

[0074] The target accessory control module 310 is configured to control a target accessory to enter an enabled state upon receiving an instruction for instructing the fuel cell system to enter an idle operation state; the target accessory is an accessory used to maintain the operation of the fuel cell system;

[0075] A stack control module 320 is configured to determine the total operating power of the target accessory in an enabled state as the stack operating power, and control the stack based on the stack operating power;

[0076] The air inlet shut-off valve control module 330 is used to input the difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the fuel cell voltage into the proportional-integral controller to obtain the air inlet shut-off valve opening, and control the air inlet shut-off valve and the air bypass valve according to the air inlet shut-off valve opening;

[0077] The hydrogen injection valve control module 340 is used to determine the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve according to the actual amount of air entering the fuel cell stack based on the correspondence between the amount of air entering the stack and the amount of hydrogen entering the stack, and control the hydrogen injection valve according to the duty cycle.

[0078] The present technical solution includes: a target accessory control module 310, which is used to control the target accessory to enter an enabled state if it receives an instruction for instructing the fuel cell system to enter an idle operating state; the target accessory is an accessory used to maintain the operation of the fuel cell system; a stack control module 320, which is used to determine the total operating power of the target accessory in the enabled state as the stack operating power, and control the stack based on the stack operating power; an air inlet shut-off valve control module 330, which is used to input the difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the stack cell into a proportional-integral controller to obtain the air inlet shut-off valve opening, and control the air inlet shut-off valve and the air bypass valve according to the air inlet shut-off valve opening; a hydrogen injection valve control module 340, which is used to determine the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve according to the actual amount of air entering the stack based on the correspondence between the amount of air entering the stack and the amount of hydrogen entering the stack, and control the hydrogen injection valve according to the duty cycle. This technical solution controls the stack power to the total operating power of the target accessories in the enabled state, so that when the fuel cell system is in the idling state, the external output power is 0 while reducing the amount of fuel consumed, thereby greatly improving the economy of the entire fuel cell system.

[0079] In the embodiment of the present application, optionally, the stack control module 320 includes:

[0080] The stack operating power determination unit is used to determine the sum of the air compressor operating power, water pump operating power, hydrogen circulation pump operating power and the power consumption of the stack voltage boost controller in the enabled state as the stack operating power.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present application, optionally, the device further includes:

[0082] An air compressor operating power determination unit, configured to determine the product of the operating voltage and the operating current of the air compressor in an enabled state as the air compressor operating power;

[0083] a water pump operating power determination unit, configured to determine the product of the operating voltage and the operating current of the water pump in an enabled state as the water pump operating power;

[0084] a hydrogen circulation pump operating power determination unit, configured to determine the product of the operating voltage and the operating current of the hydrogen circulation pump in an enabled state as the operating power of the hydrogen circulation pump;

[0085] The stack voltage boost controller power consumption determination unit is used to determine the difference between the output power and input power of the stack voltage boost controller in the enabled state as the stack voltage boost controller power consumption; the output power is the product of the output side voltage and the output side current of the stack voltage boost controller, and the input power is the product of the input side voltage and the input side current of the stack voltage boost controller.

[0086] In the embodiment of the present application, optionally, the stack control module 320 includes:

[0087] A stack operating current determining unit, configured to determine the stack operating current according to the volt-ampere characteristic of the stack and the stack operating power;

[0088] A fuel cell stack control unit is used to control the fuel cell stack based on the operating current of the fuel cell stack.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present application, optionally, the air inlet shut-off valve control module 330 includes:

[0090] An air inlet to stack stop valve opening control unit, configured to control the opening of the air inlet to stack stop valve according to the opening of the air inlet to stack stop valve;

[0091] an air bypass valve opening determination unit, configured to obtain an air bypass valve opening by subtracting the air inlet shut-off valve opening from 1;

[0092] The air bypass valve opening control unit is used to control the opening of the air bypass valve according to the opening of the air bypass valve.

[0093] In the embodiment of the present application, optionally, the air inlet shut-off valve control module 330 includes:

[0094] A proportional-integral controller processing unit is used to input the difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the battery stack cell into the proportional-integral controller to obtain the output of the proportional part and the output of the integral part of the proportional-integral controller;

[0095] The air inlet stack cut-off valve opening determination unit is used to determine the sum of the output of the proportional part and the output of the integral part as the air inlet stack cut-off valve opening; when the air inlet stack cut-off valve is closed, the corresponding opening is 0, and when the air inlet stack cut-off valve is fully opened, the corresponding opening is 100%.

[0096] In the embodiment of the present application, optionally, the proportional coefficient of the proportional part of the proportional-integral controller is a positive value; the integral coefficient of the integral part of the proportional-integral controller is a positive value.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present application, optionally, the hydrogen injection valve control module 340 includes:

[0098] A hydrogen flow value determination unit, configured to determine the hydrogen flow value by multiplying the hydrogen-air reaction coefficient by the amount of air entering the stack;

[0099] The duty cycle determination unit of the hydrogen injection valve is used to determine the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve by multiplying the hydrogen flow rate value by the hydrogen flow rate-duty cycle conversion coefficient.

[0100] In the embodiment of the present application, optionally, the device further includes:

[0101] The instruction determination module is used to determine that an instruction for instructing the fuel cell system to enter an idle operation state is received if the power request received from the vehicle controller is 0 and no shutdown instruction is received when the fuel cell system does not report an emergency fault.

[0102] An idle speed control device for a fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application can execute an idle speed control method for a fuel cell system provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has functional modules and beneficial effects corresponding to the execution method.

[0103] Example 4

[0104] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 10 that can be used to implement an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0105] like Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., which is communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11. The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor. The processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 into the random access memory (RAM) 13. Various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored in the RAM 13. The processor 11, ROM 12, and RAM 13 are connected to each other via a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0106] Multiple components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0107] The processor 11 can be any general-purpose and / or specialized processing component with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various specialized artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors that run machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the idle speed control method for the fuel cell system.

[0108] In some embodiments, the idle speed control method of the fuel cell system may be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the idle speed control method of the fuel cell system described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 may be configured to execute the idle speed control method of the fuel cell system by any other appropriate means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0109] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on a chip (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include being implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpreted on a programmable system that includes at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0110] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0111] In the context of the present invention, computer-readable storage media can be tangible media that can contain or store a computer program for use with an instruction execution system, device or equipment or used in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. Computer-readable storage media can include but are not limited to electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, computer-readable storage media can be machine-readable signal media. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media can include electrical connections based on one or more lines, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memories (RAM), read-only memories (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memories (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memories (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0112] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0113] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such back-end components, middleware components, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0114] A computing system may include clients and servers. The clients and servers are typically remote from each other and typically interact via a communication network. This client-server relationship arises through computer programs running on the respective computers, creating a client-server relationship. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host. This server is a hosting product within the cloud computing service ecosystem that addresses the management difficulties and limited scalability of traditional physical hosting and VPS services.

[0115] It should be understood that the various forms of the processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved. This is not limited herein.

[0116] The above specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system idle speed control method, characterized in that: include: If a command for instructing the fuel cell system to enter an idle operation state is received, the target accessory is controlled to enter an enabled state; The target accessory is an accessory used to maintain the operation of the fuel cell system; Determining the total operating power of the target accessory in an enabled state as the stack operating power, and controlling the stack based on the stack operating power; The difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the battery stack cell is input into the proportional-integral controller to obtain the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve, and the air inlet cut-off valve and the air bypass valve are controlled according to the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve; Based on the correspondence between the amount of air entering the stack and the amount of hydrogen entering the stack, the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve is determined according to the actual amount of air entering the fuel cell stack, and the hydrogen injection valve is controlled according to the duty cycle.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The total operating power of the target accessories in the enabled state is determined as the stack operating power, including: The sum of the air compressor operating power, water pump operating power, hydrogen circulation pump operating power and the power consumed by the stack voltage boost controller in the enabled state is determined as the stack operating power.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The method further comprises: The product of the operating voltage and the operating current of the air compressor in the enabled state is determined as the operating power of the air compressor; The product of the operating voltage and the operating current of the water pump in the enabled state is determined as the operating power of the water pump; The product of the operating voltage and the operating current of the hydrogen circulation pump in the enabled state is determined as the operating power of the hydrogen circulation pump; The difference between the output power and the input power of the stack voltage boost controller in the enabled state is determined as the power consumption of the stack voltage boost controller; the output power is the product of the output side voltage and the output side current of the stack voltage boost controller, and the input power is the product of the input side voltage and the input side current of the stack voltage boost controller.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein Controlling the fuel cell stack based on the fuel cell stack operating power includes: Determining the operating current of the fuel cell stack according to the volt-ampere characteristics of the fuel cell stack and the operating power of the fuel cell stack; The fuel cell stack is controlled based on the operating current of the fuel cell stack.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein Controlling the air inlet shutoff valve and the air bypass valve according to the opening of the air inlet shutoff valve includes: controlling the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve according to the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve; Subtracting the air inlet shut-off valve opening from 1 to obtain the air bypass valve opening; The opening of the air bypass valve is controlled according to the opening of the air bypass valve.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the battery stack cell is input into the proportional-integral controller to obtain the opening of the air inlet shut-off valve, including: The difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the battery stack cell is input into the proportional-integral controller to obtain the output of the proportional part and the output of the integral part of the proportional-integral controller; The sum of the output of the proportional part and the output of the integral part is determined as the opening of the air inlet cutoff valve; when the air inlet cutoff valve is closed, the corresponding opening is 0, and when the air inlet cutoff valve is fully opened, the corresponding opening is 100%.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The proportional coefficient of the proportional part of the proportional-integral controller is a positive value; the integral coefficient of the integral part of the proportional-integral controller is a positive value.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the corresponding relationship between the amount of air entering the stack and the amount of hydrogen entering the stack, the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve is determined according to the actual amount of air entering the stack, including: The product of the hydrogen-air reaction coefficient and the amount of air entering the reactor is determined as the hydrogen flow rate value; The duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve is determined by multiplying the hydrogen flow rate value by the hydrogen flow rate-duty cycle conversion coefficient.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: When the fuel cell system does not report an emergency fault, if the power request received from the vehicle controller is 0 and no shutdown command is received, it is determined that an instruction for instructing the fuel cell system to enter an idle operation state is received.

10. An idle speed control device for a fuel cell system, characterized in that: include: a target accessory control module, configured to control the target accessory to enter an enabled state upon receiving an instruction for instructing the fuel cell system to enter an idle operation state; The target accessory is an accessory used to maintain the operation of the fuel cell system; a stack control module, configured to determine the total operating power of the target accessory in an enabled state as the stack operating power, and control the stack based on the stack operating power; The air inlet cut-off valve control module is used to input the difference between the voltage safety value and the actual value of the battery stack single cell into the proportional-integral controller to obtain the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve, and control the air inlet cut-off valve and the air bypass valve according to the opening of the air inlet cut-off valve; The hydrogen injection valve control module is used to determine the duty cycle of the hydrogen injection valve based on the corresponding relationship between the amount of air entering the stack and the amount of hydrogen entering the stack, according to the actual amount of air entering the fuel cell stack, and control the hydrogen injection valve according to the duty cycle.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the computer program is executed by the at least one processor so as to enable the at least one processor to execute the idle speed control method of the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable a processor to implement the idle speed control method of the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 9 when executed.

Images