Ice and snow covered pavement simulation experiment test method and system

Abstract

The invention provides an ice and snow pavement simulation experiment test method and system, and relates to the technical field of intelligent construction of road engineering, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining test pavement data; acquiring molten accumulated water data; acquiring simulation test data; determining a test environment severe coefficient according to the pavement ice and snow density and the simulation test data; determining a comprehensive melting effect coefficient according to the pavement friction coefficient, the pavement ice and snow thickness and the melting accumulated water data; determining a snow-melting agent effect coefficient according to the test environment severe coefficient and the comprehensive melting effect coefficient; obtaining a second pavement ice and snow thickness; determining an anti-re-freezing effect coefficient according to the second pavement ice and snow thickness; and determining a test report according to the snow-melting agent effect coefficient and the anti-re-freezing effect coefficient. According to the invention, a low-cost repeated road ice and snow melting experiment under a controllable ice and snow environment condition can be realized, and the data stability is relatively good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent construction of road engineering, and in particular to a method and system for testing an ice and snow road surface simulation experiment. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, the melting process of ice and snow on a full-scale road surface under real conditions can be simulated. However, the related art does not evaluate the melting effect and anti-refrosting effect of the de-icing agent, that is, it is difficult to evaluate the melting effect and anti-refrosting effect of the de-icing agent and improve the accuracy of the test results of the ice and snow road simulation experiment.

[0003] The information disclosed in the background technology section of this application is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background technology of this application, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method and system for testing an icy and snowy road surface simulation experiment, which can solve the technical problem that related technologies are difficult to evaluate the melting effect and anti-refreezing effect of snow-melting agents, and improve the accuracy of the test results of icy and snowy road surface simulation experiments.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a method for simulating an icy and snowy road surface is provided, comprising:

[0006] In a first test cycle, test road surface data is acquired through sensors disposed at preset positions, wherein the test road surface data includes: road surface friction coefficient, road surface ice and snow density, and road surface ice and snow thickness;

[0007] In a first test cycle, simulated test data is obtained, wherein the simulated test data includes: test environment temperature, test environment humidity, test rainfall, and test snowfall;

[0008] At the end of the first test cycle, melt water accumulation data is obtained;

[0009] Determining a test environment severity coefficient based on the road surface ice and snow density and the simulation test data;

[0010] Determining a comprehensive melting effect coefficient based on the road surface friction coefficient, the road surface ice and snow thickness, and the melted water accumulation data;

[0011] Determining a deicing agent effect coefficient according to the test environment severity coefficient and the comprehensive melting effect coefficient;

[0012] In a second test cycle, the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface is obtained by using a sensor set at a preset position;

[0013] determining an anti-refreezing effect coefficient according to the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface;

[0014] A test report is determined based on the de-icing agent effect coefficient and the anti-refreeze effect coefficient.

[0015] According to the present invention, determining the test environment severity coefficient based on the road surface ice and snow density and the simulation test data includes:

[0016] determining the type of ice and snow on the road surface according to the density of ice and snow on the road surface;

[0017] Determining the severity coefficient of ice and snow environment according to the ice and snow type of the road surface;

[0018] Acquire historical test data during a historical test period, wherein the historical test data includes: historical test temperature, historical test humidity, historical test wind speed, historical test rainfall, historical test snowfall, and historical test ice thickness;

[0019] determining a first relationship function between the historical test ice thickness and the historical test temperature, the historical test humidity, the historical test wind speed, the historical test rainfall, and the historical test snowfall;

[0020] determining a comprehensive environmental severity coefficient according to the first relationship function and the simulation test data;

[0021] The test environment severity coefficient is determined according to the ice and snow environment severity coefficient and the comprehensive environment severity coefficient.

[0022] According to the present invention, determining a first relationship function between the historical test ice thickness and the historical test temperature, the historical test humidity, the historical test wind speed, the historical test rainfall, and the historical test snowfall includes: according to the formula:

[0023]

[0024] Determine the first undetermined coefficient equation of the first relationship function, where: is the historical test ice thickness at the start of the j-th historical test cycle, is the historical test ice thickness at the end of the j-th historical test cycle, is the length of the j-th historical testing period, To preset the icing speed threshold, is the historical test wind speed of the jth historical test period, To preset the wind speed threshold, is the historical test rainfall in the jth historical test period, is the preset rainfall threshold, is the historical test snowfall in the jth historical test period, is the preset snowfall threshold, is the historical test humidity of the jth historical test cycle, is the preset humidity threshold, is the historical test temperature of the jth historical test cycle, is the preset temperature threshold, 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 and is the first undetermined coefficient of the first undetermined coefficient equation;

[0025] Solving the first undetermined coefficient according to the historical test ice thickness, the historical test temperature, the historical test humidity, the historical test wind speed, the historical test rainfall, and the historical test snowfall to obtain a solution value of the first undetermined coefficient;

[0026] A first relationship function is determined according to the solved value of the first undetermined coefficient and the first undetermined coefficient equation.

[0027] According to the present invention, determining a comprehensive melting effect coefficient based on the road surface friction coefficient, the road surface ice and snow thickness, and the melted water accumulation data includes:

[0028] Determining metal corrosion quality, heavy metal content, chloride ion concentration, and oxygen demand ratio based on the meltwater data;

[0029] determining an environmental protection effect coefficient according to the metal corrosion quality, the heavy metal content, the chloride ion concentration, and the oxygen demand ratio;

[0030] determining a melting effect coefficient according to the road surface friction coefficient and the thickness of ice and snow on the road surface;

[0031] A comprehensive melting effect coefficient is determined according to the environmental protection effect coefficient and the melting effect coefficient.

[0032] According to the present invention, determining the environmental protection effect coefficient based on the metal corrosion quality, the heavy metal content, the chloride ion concentration and the oxygen demand ratio includes:

[0033] determining a first ratio according to the metal corrosion quality and a preset metal corrosion quality threshold;

[0034] determining a second ratio according to the heavy metal content and a preset heavy metal content threshold;

[0035] determining a third ratio according to the chloride ion concentration and a preset chloride ion concentration threshold;

[0036] determining a fourth ratio according to the oxygen demand ratio and a preset oxygen demand ratio threshold;

[0037] An environmental protection effect coefficient is determined according to the first ratio, the second ratio, the third ratio, and the fourth ratio.

[0038] According to the present invention, determining the melting effect coefficient based on the road surface friction coefficient and the thickness of ice and snow on the road surface includes:

[0039] Determining the ice and snow thickness change rate at multiple moments in a first test cycle based on the ice and snow thickness on the road surface;

[0040] Determining a friction coefficient increase value according to the road surface friction coefficient;

[0041] Determining a melting value of ice and snow according to the thickness of ice and snow on the road surface;

[0042] A melting effect coefficient is determined according to the change rate of the road surface ice and snow thickness, the friction coefficient increase value and the road surface ice and snow thickness melting value.

[0043] According to the present invention, the melting effect coefficient is determined based on the change rate of the road surface ice and snow thickness, the friction coefficient increase value and the road surface ice and snow thickness melting value, including: according to the formula:

[0044]

[0045] Determine the melting effect coefficient of the kth first test cycle ,in, and is the preset weight, is the rate of change of ice and snow thickness at the i-th moment of the k-th first test cycle, To preset the threshold value of ice and snow thickness change rate, is the melting value of ice and snow thickness in the kth first test cycle, To preset the ice and snow thickness melting value threshold, is the friction coefficient increase value of the kth first test cycle, It is the preset friction coefficient increase value threshold.

[0046] According to the present invention, determining the anti-refreezing effect coefficient according to the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface includes:

[0047] determining a rate of change of ice and snow thickness on the second road surface according to the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface;

[0048] determining an expected road surface ice and snow thickness change rate based on the first relationship function and the simulation test data;

[0049] An anti-refreezing effect coefficient is determined according to the second road surface ice and snow thickness change rate and the expected road surface ice and snow thickness change rate.

[0050] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for simulating an ice and snow road surface test, comprising:

[0051] A first testing module is configured to obtain test road surface data in a first test cycle through sensors disposed at preset positions, wherein the test road surface data includes: road surface friction coefficient, road surface ice and snow density, and road surface ice and snow thickness;

[0052] A test data module is used to obtain simulation test data in a first test cycle, wherein the simulation test data includes: test environment temperature, test environment humidity, test rainfall and test snowfall;

[0053] The water accumulation data module is used to obtain melt water accumulation data at the end of the first test cycle;

[0054] A severity coefficient module, configured to determine a test environment severity coefficient based on the road ice and snow density and the simulated test data;

[0055] A melting coefficient module, configured to determine a comprehensive melting effect coefficient based on the road surface friction coefficient, the road surface ice and snow thickness, and the melted water accumulation data;

[0056] An effect coefficient module, configured to determine an effect coefficient of a deicing agent based on the test environment severity coefficient and the comprehensive melting effect coefficient;

[0057] A second testing module is configured to obtain, during a second testing cycle, a second road surface ice and snow thickness using a sensor disposed at a preset position;

[0058] a refreezing coefficient module, configured to determine an anti-refreezing effect coefficient according to the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface;

[0059] The test report module is used to determine a test report based on the deicing agent effect coefficient and the anti-refreezing effect coefficient.

[0060] Technical effect: According to the present invention, the ice and snow melting process of a highway pavement under a real environment can be accurately simulated. In the first test cycle, the test pavement data, simulation test data and melted water accumulation data can be accurately collected, and the comprehensive melting effect of the snow-melting agent can be accurately analyzed. In the second test cycle, the anti-refrosting effect of the snow-melting agent can be accurately analyzed, and low-cost repeated road ice and snow melting tests under controllable ice and snow environmental conditions can be realized, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of ice and snow pavement simulation tests. When determining the first relationship function, the first relationship function can be determined based on the historical test ice thickness, historical test temperature, historical test humidity, historical test wind speed, historical test rainfall and historical test snowfall. It can accurately describe the positive and negative effects of wind speed on the growth rate of ice thickness, as well as the effects of temperature, humidity, rainfall and snowfall on the growth rate of ice thickness, thereby improving the accuracy of the first relationship function. When determining the melting effect coefficient, the comprehensive snow-melting performance of the snow-melting agent can be determined based on the change rate of the road ice and snow thickness, the friction coefficient increase value and the road ice and snow thickness melting value. The snow-melting agent's friction recovery performance can be determined based on the friction coefficient increase value. The melting effect coefficient is determined based on the comprehensive snow-melting performance and the friction recovery performance, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of the melting effect coefficient.

[0061] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and not limiting of the present invention. Other features and aspects of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on these drawings without inventive efforts.

[0063] Figure 1 A schematic diagram exemplarily illustrates a flow chart of a test method for simulating an ice and snow road surface according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating, by way of example, determining a test environment severity coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating, by way of example, determining a comprehensive melting effect coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 4A schematic diagram illustrating, by way of example, determining an anti-refreezing effect coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 5 The following is a block diagram of a snow and ice road simulation test system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] The following specific embodiments are used to describe the technical solution of the present invention in detail. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described in detail in some embodiments.

[0070] Figure 1 The following is a flow chart showing a method for simulating an ice and snow road surface according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes:

[0071] Step S1, in a first test cycle, obtaining test road surface data through sensors set at preset positions, wherein the test road surface data includes: road surface friction coefficient, road surface ice and snow density, and road surface ice and snow thickness;

[0072] Step S2, in the first test cycle, obtaining simulation test data, wherein the simulation test data includes: test environment temperature, test environment humidity, test rainfall, and test snowfall;

[0073] Step S3, at the end of the first test cycle, obtaining melt water accumulation data;

[0074] Step S4, determining a test environment severity coefficient based on the road surface ice and snow density and the simulation test data;

[0075] Step S5, determining a comprehensive melting effect coefficient based on the road surface friction coefficient, the road surface ice and snow thickness, and the melted water accumulation data;

[0076] Step S6, determining the snow-melting agent effect coefficient according to the test environment severity coefficient and the comprehensive melting effect coefficient;

[0077] Step S7, in a second test cycle, obtaining the second road surface ice and snow thickness through a sensor set at a preset position;

[0078] Step S8, determining an anti-refreezing effect coefficient according to the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface;

[0079] Step S9: determining a test report based on the deicing agent effect coefficient and the anti-refreezing effect coefficient.

[0080] According to the ice and snow road simulation test method of the embodiment of the present invention, the ice and snow melting process of the highway road surface can be accurately simulated. In the first test cycle, the test road surface data, simulation test data and melted water data can be accurately collected, and the comprehensive melting effect of the snow-melting agent can be accurately analyzed. In the second test cycle, the anti-refrosting effect of the snow-melting agent can be accurately analyzed, and low-cost repeated road ice and snow melting tests under controllable ice and snow environment conditions can be realized, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the ice and snow road simulation test.

[0081] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S1, in a first test cycle, test road surface data is acquired by sensors set at preset positions, wherein the test road surface data includes: road surface friction coefficient, road surface ice and snow density, and road surface ice and snow thickness.

[0082] For example, before the start of the first test cycle, the experimental road surface is sprayed or snowed on to create a snow and ice layer of a certain density and thickness on the surface of the experimental road surface. In multiple first test cycles, different types of snow melting agents (e.g., OL organic liquid snow melting agent with concentrations of 20%, 30% and 50%, IL inorganic liquid snow melting agent with concentrations of 20%, 30% and 50%, and MS solid mixed snow melting agent with concentrations of 0%, 30% and 50%) are used to remove snow from the snow layer on the experimental road surface. The thickness of the snow and ice on the road surface is obtained through remote sensing road surface sensors, and the snow and ice layer on the surface of the experimental road surface is sampled to test the road surface friction coefficient and the density of snow and ice on the road surface.

[0083] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S2, in a first test cycle, simulated test data is acquired, wherein the simulated test data includes: test environment temperature, test environment humidity, test rainfall, and test snowfall.

[0084] For example, in the first test cycle, rain and precipitation are applied to the test road surface through a snowmaking machine and a sprinkler system to simulate the effect of snowfall or rain on snow melting on the road surface. The test rainfall and test snowfall are obtained through the control systems of the snowmaking machine and the sprinkler system, and the test environment temperature and test environment humidity of the environment where the test road surface is located are obtained through temperature sensors and humidity sensors.

[0085] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, melt water accumulation data is acquired at the end of the first test cycle.

[0086] For example, in the first test cycle, the speed at which the thickness of ice and snow on the road surface decreases is determined based on the thickness of ice and snow on the road surface. When the speed at which the thickness of ice and snow on the road surface decreases is less than 0.05 mm / min, the moment corresponding to the speed at which the thickness decreases is set as the end time of the first test cycle. At the end time of the first test cycle, the melted water is tested to obtain the melted water data, such as the heavy metal content and chloride ion concentration in the water.

[0087] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the test environment severity coefficient is determined based on the road surface ice and snow density and the simulation test data.

[0088] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of determining a test environment severity coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention is exemplarily shown.

[0089] According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S4 includes:

[0090] Step S41, determining the type of ice and snow on the road surface according to the density of ice and snow on the road surface;

[0091] Step S42, determining the severity coefficient of the ice and snow environment according to the type of ice and snow on the road surface;

[0092] Step S43, in a historical test cycle, obtaining historical test data, wherein the historical test data includes: historical test temperature, historical test humidity, historical test wind speed, historical test rainfall, historical test snowfall, and historical test ice thickness;

[0093] Step S44, determining a first relationship function between the historical test ice thickness and the historical test temperature, the historical test humidity, the historical test wind speed, the historical test rainfall, and the historical test snowfall;

[0094] Step S45, determining a comprehensive environmental severity coefficient based on the first relationship function and the simulation test data;

[0095] Step S46: determining the test environment severity coefficient according to the ice and snow environment severity coefficient and the comprehensive environment severity coefficient.

[0096] For example, if the density of ice and snow on the road surface is between 0.05-0.3 (g / cubic centimeter), the type of ice and snow on the road surface is "fresh snow"; if the density of ice and snow on the road surface is between 0.3-0.7 (g / cubic centimeter), the type of ice and snow on the road surface is "compacted snow"; if the density of ice and snow on the road surface is greater than 0.7 (g / cubic centimeter), the type of ice and snow on the road surface is "black ice"; if the type of ice and snow on the road surface is "fresh snow", the density is low and it is easier to handle, and the severe coefficient of ice and snow environment is 1; if the type of ice and snow on the road surface is "compacted snow", it is difficult to handle, and the severe coefficient of ice and snow environment is 2. If the type of ice and snow on the road surface is "black ice", it is more difficult to handle, and the ice and snow environment severity coefficient is 3; in the historical test cycle, the growth rate of the ice and snow layer on the experimental road surface under certain environmental conditions without the use of snow melting agents is tested, and the historical test temperature, historical test humidity, historical test wind speed, historical test rainfall, historical test snowfall and historical test ice layer thickness of multiple historical test cycles are obtained; the ice layer thickness is related to the temperature, humidity, wind speed, rainfall and snowfall to a certain extent. For example, when the temperature is high, the ice layer thickness may be thinner. Based on the correlation of the above data, the first relationship function between the historical test ice layer thickness and the historical test temperature, historical test humidity, historical test wind speed, historical test rainfall and historical test snowfall can be determined; the simulated test data is substituted into the first relationship function to determine the predicted growth rate of the ice and snow layer thickness in the first test cycle without using snow melting agents, and the comprehensive environmental harshness coefficient is determined according to the ratio of the predicted growth rate and the preset growth rate threshold. The larger the comprehensive environmental harshness coefficient is, the faster the ice and snow layer thickness naturally grows under the first test cycle environment, and the more difficult it is to remove ice and snow. The preset growth rate threshold can be set to 1mm / min; the test environment harshness coefficient is determined by summing the ice and snow environment harshness coefficient and the comprehensive environmental harshness coefficient.

[0097] According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S45 includes: determining a first undetermined coefficient equation of the first relationship function according to formula (1),

[0098] (1)

[0099] in, is the historical test ice thickness at the start of the j-th historical test cycle, is the historical test ice thickness at the end of the j-th historical test cycle, is the length of the j-th historical testing period, To preset the icing speed threshold, is the historical test wind speed of the jth historical test period, To preset the wind speed threshold, is the historical test rainfall in the jth historical test period, is the preset rainfall threshold, is the historical test snowfall in the jth historical test period, is the preset snowfall threshold, is the historical test humidity of the jth historical test cycle, is the preset humidity threshold, is the historical test temperature of the jth historical test cycle, is the preset temperature threshold, 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 and is the first undetermined coefficient of the first undetermined coefficient equation;

[0100] Solving the first undetermined coefficient according to the historical test ice thickness, the historical test temperature, the historical test humidity, the historical test wind speed, the historical test rainfall, and the historical test snowfall to obtain a solution value of the first undetermined coefficient;

[0101] A first relationship function is determined according to the solved value of the first undetermined coefficient and the first undetermined coefficient equation.

[0102] According to one embodiment of the present invention, 、 、 、 、 and All are dimensionless values.

[0103] According to one embodiment of the present invention, is the ratio of the difference between the historical test ice thickness at the end and the start of the j-th historical test cycle to the duration of the j-th historical test cycle, indicating the average growth rate of the test ice thickness in the j-th historical test cycle. is the ratio of the average growth rate of the test ice layer thickness in the jth historical test cycle to the preset icing speed threshold. The preset icing speed threshold can be set to 0.5 mm / min. is the ratio of the historical test wind speed in the jth historical test period to the preset wind speed threshold. The preset wind speed threshold can be set to 2m / s. It indicates that the average growth rate of the test ice thickness in the jth historical test cycle has a positive correlation with the historical test wind speed. For example, the greater the wind speed, the faster the heat loss, and the faster the average growth rate of the test ice thickness. It indicates that the average growth rate of the test ice thickness in the jth historical test cycle has a negative correlation with the historical test wind speed. For example, the greater the wind speed, the more likely it is to blow away the surface water film and reduce the amount of freezable water. The lower the average growth rate of the test ice thickness, is the ratio of the historical test rainfall in the jth historical test period to the preset rainfall threshold. The preset rainfall threshold can be set to 1 mm. It indicates that the average growth rate of the test ice layer thickness in the jth historical test cycle has a positive correlation with the historical test rainfall. For example, the greater the rainfall, the more water can be used to freeze and produce ice and snow layers, and the faster the average growth rate of the test ice layer thickness. is the ratio of the historical test snowfall in the jth historical test period to the preset snowfall threshold. The preset snowfall threshold can be set to 1 mm. It indicates that the average growth rate of the test ice thickness in the jth historical test cycle is positively correlated with the historical test snowfall. For example, the greater the snowfall, the more likely the accumulated new snow is to melt and form ice, and the faster the average growth rate of the test ice thickness is. is the ratio of the historical test humidity of the jth historical test cycle to the preset humidity threshold. The preset humidity threshold can be set to 60% RH. It indicates that the average growth rate of the test ice layer thickness in the jth historical test cycle has a positive correlation with the historical test humidity. For example, the higher the ambient humidity, the more water vapor condenses and replenishes the ice layer, and the faster the average growth rate of the test ice layer thickness. is the ratio of the historical test temperature of the jth historical test cycle to the preset temperature threshold. The preset temperature threshold can be set to 1 degree Celsius. This indicates that the average growth rate of the ice layer thickness during the jth historical test cycle is negatively correlated with the historical test temperature. For example, the higher the temperature, the faster liquid water freezes, and the slower the average growth rate of the ice layer thickness. Based on this correlation, the first undetermined coefficient equation of the first relationship function can be obtained.

[0104] According to one embodiment of the present invention, fitting can be performed based on multiple parameters involved in the above first undetermined coefficient equation, that is, fitting can be performed based on historical test ice thickness, historical test temperature, historical test humidity, historical test wind speed, historical test rainfall, and historical test snowfall to solve the above multiple first undetermined coefficients. There are 12 first undetermined coefficients, namely, 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 and , solving the above 12 first undetermined coefficients according to the historical test ice thickness, historical test temperature, historical test humidity, historical test wind speed, historical test rainfall and historical test snowfall in at least 12 historical test cycles to obtain the solution values ​​of the above 12 first undetermined coefficients, and substituting the solution values ​​of the above 12 first undetermined coefficients into the first undetermined coefficient equation to determine the first relationship function.

[0105] In this way, the first relationship function can be determined based on the historical test ice thickness, historical test temperature, historical test humidity, historical test wind speed, historical test rainfall and historical test snowfall. It can accurately describe the positive and negative effects of wind speed on the growth rate of ice thickness, as well as the influence of temperature, humidity, rainfall and snowfall on the growth rate of ice thickness, thereby improving the accuracy of the first relationship function.

[0106] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, a comprehensive melting effect coefficient is determined based on the road surface friction coefficient, the road surface ice and snow thickness, and the melted water accumulation data.

[0107] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of determining a comprehensive melting effect coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention is exemplarily shown.

[0108] According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S5 includes:

[0109] Step S51, determining metal corrosion quality, heavy metal content, chloride ion concentration and oxygen demand ratio based on the melt water data;

[0110] Step S52, determining an environmental protection effect coefficient according to the metal corrosion mass, the heavy metal content, the chloride ion concentration, and the oxygen demand ratio;

[0111] Step S53, determining a melting effect coefficient according to the road friction coefficient and the thickness of ice and snow on the road;

[0112] Step S54: determining a comprehensive melting effect coefficient according to the environmental protection effect coefficient and the melting effect coefficient.

[0113] For example, a metal test piece is immersed in accumulated water and subjected to accelerated aging in a constant temperature chamber to detect the mass loss of the metal test piece, that is, the metal corrosion mass. The heavy metal content in the accumulated water is detected by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The chloride ion concentration in the accumulated water is detected by ion chromatography. The chemical oxygen demand is determined by potassium dichromate digestion-spectrophotometry. The biological oxygen demand is detected by a five-day incubation method. The oxygen demand ratio is determined based on the ratio of the biological oxygen demand to the chemical oxygen demand. The impact of the accumulated water after the melting of the ice and snow layer on the environment is evaluated based on the metal corrosion mass, heavy metal content, chloride ion concentration and oxygen demand ratio, and the environmental protection effect coefficient is determined. The melting effect of the snow-melting agent on the ice and snow layer is evaluated based on the road friction coefficient and the thickness of ice and snow on the road surface, and the melting effect coefficient is determined. The comprehensive melting effect coefficient is determined by summing the environmental protection effect coefficient and the melting effect coefficient.

[0114] According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S52 includes:

[0115] Step S521, determining an environmental protection effect coefficient according to the metal corrosion quality, the heavy metal content, the chloride ion concentration, and the oxygen demand ratio, includes:

[0116] Step S522, determining a first ratio according to the metal corrosion quality and a preset metal corrosion quality threshold;

[0117] Step S523, determining a second ratio according to the heavy metal content and a preset heavy metal content threshold;

[0118] Step S524, determining a third ratio according to the chloride ion concentration and a preset chloride ion concentration threshold;

[0119] Step S525, determining a fourth ratio according to the oxygen demand ratio and a preset oxygen demand ratio threshold;

[0120] Step S526: Determine an environmental protection effect coefficient according to the first ratio, the second ratio, the third ratio, and the fourth ratio.

[0121] For example, a first ratio is determined based on a ratio of a preset metal corrosion mass threshold and the metal corrosion mass; a second ratio is determined based on a ratio of a preset heavy metal content threshold and the heavy metal content; a third ratio is determined based on a ratio of a preset chloride ion concentration threshold and the chloride ion concentration; a fourth ratio is determined based on a ratio of a preset oxygen demand ratio threshold and the difference between the preset oxygen demand ratio threshold and the oxygen demand ratio; and an environmental protection effect coefficient is determined by summing the first ratio, the second ratio, the third ratio and the fourth ratio; wherein, the preset metal corrosion mass threshold can be set to 1g, the larger the ratio of the preset metal corrosion mass threshold and the metal corrosion mass, the smaller the metal corrosion mass, the less corrosive the accumulated water after the ice and snow layer melts to the vehicle tires and chassis metal parts, and the larger the environmental protection effect coefficient, the preset heavy metal content threshold can be set to 0.001mg / L, the larger the ratio of the preset heavy metal content threshold and the heavy metal content, the The lower the heavy metal content, the less harm the accumulated water will cause to the environment, and the greater the environmental protection effect coefficient. The preset chloride ion concentration threshold can be set to 250 mg / L. The greater the ratio of the preset chloride ion concentration threshold to the chloride ion concentration, the lower the chloride ion concentration, the less harm the accumulated water after the ice and snow layer melts to the environment, and the greater the environmental protection effect coefficient. The preset oxygen demand ratio threshold can be set to 0.3. The greater the ratio of the preset oxygen demand ratio threshold and the difference between the preset oxygen demand ratio threshold and the oxygen demand ratio, the closer the oxygen demand ratio is to the preset oxygen demand ratio threshold, the less harm the accumulated water after the ice and snow layer melts to the environment, and the greater the environmental protection effect coefficient. When the oxygen demand ratio is too large, it may cause accumulation of difficult-to-degrade organic matter, resulting in long-term toxic effects (such as carcinogen enrichment). When the oxygen demand ratio is too small, it may cause rapid reproduction of microorganisms, resulting in hydration or red tide phenomena. The greater the environmental protection effect coefficient, the less harm the accumulated water after the ice and snow layer melts to the environment.

[0122] According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S53 includes:

[0123] Step S531, determining the ice and snow thickness change rate at multiple moments in the first test cycle according to the ice and snow thickness on the road surface;

[0124] Step S532, determining a friction coefficient increase value according to the road surface friction coefficient;

[0125] Step S533, determining the ice and snow melting thickness value according to the ice and snow thickness on the road surface;

[0126] Step S534: determining a melting effect coefficient according to the road surface ice and snow thickness change rate, the friction coefficient increase value, and the road surface ice and snow thickness melting value.

[0127] For example, based on the thickness of ice and snow on the road surface at two adjacent moments in the first test cycle, the rate of change of ice and snow thickness at multiple moments in the first test cycle is determined; based on the road friction coefficient at the end moment of the first test cycle minus the road friction coefficient at the start moment, the friction coefficient increase is determined; based on the road ice and snow thickness at the start moment of the first test cycle minus the road ice and snow thickness at the end moment, the ice and snow thickness melting value is determined; based on the rate of change of ice and snow thickness on the road surface, the friction coefficient increase value and the road ice and snow thickness melting value, the snow removal effect of the snow melting agent is evaluated to determine the melting effect coefficient.

[0128] According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S534 includes: determining the melting effect coefficient of the kth first test cycle according to formula (2): ,

[0129] (2)

[0130] in, and is the preset weight, is the rate of change of ice and snow thickness at the i-th moment of the k-th first test cycle, To preset the threshold value of ice and snow thickness change rate, is the melting value of ice and snow thickness in the kth first test cycle, To preset the ice and snow thickness melting value threshold, is the friction coefficient increase value of the kth first test cycle, It is the preset friction coefficient increase value threshold.

[0131] According to one embodiment of the present invention, It is the ratio of the average ice and snow thickness change rate at the i-th moment of the k-th first test cycle to the preset ice and snow thickness change rate threshold. The larger the ratio is, the stronger the snow melting speed performance of the snow melting agent used in the k-th first test cycle is. The preset ice and snow thickness change rate threshold can be set to 1mm / min. The ratio of the ice and snow thickness melting value of the kth first test cycle to the preset ice and snow thickness melting value threshold value is as large as possible. The larger the ratio is, the better the snow melting performance of the snow melting agent used in the kth first test cycle is. , The ratio of the snow melting speed performance to the snow melting amplitude performance of the snow melting agent used in the kth first test cycle indicates the balance of the snow melting performance of the snow melting agent used in the kth first test cycle. The closer the ratio is to 1, the better the balance of the snow melting performance. It indicates the imbalance of the snow melting performance of the snow melting agent used in the kth first test cycle. The larger the value, the more imbalanced the snow melting speed and snow melting amplitude. It is the ratio of the sum of the snow melting speed performance and the snow melting amplitude performance of the snow melting agent to the imbalance of the snow melting performance of the snow melting agent. The larger the ratio, the stronger the snow melting speed performance and the snow melting amplitude performance of the snow melting agent, or the better the balance of the snow melting performance, and the stronger the comprehensive snow melting performance of the snow melting agent.

[0132] According to one embodiment of the present invention, It is the relative difference between the friction coefficient increase value of the kth first test cycle and the preset friction coefficient increase value threshold. The larger the ratio, the greater the friction coefficient increase value of the kth first test cycle, the more suitable the road surface is for vehicles to pass after the snow and ice layer is melted by the snow-melting agent used in the kth first test cycle, and the stronger the friction recovery performance of the snow-melting agent used in the kth first test cycle.

[0133] According to one embodiment of the present invention, It indicates that the melting effect coefficient is determined based on the comprehensive snow melting performance and friction recovery performance of the snow melting agent used in the kth first test cycle.

[0134] In this way, the comprehensive snow-melting performance of the snow-melting agent can be determined according to the change rate of the road surface ice and snow thickness, the increase value of the friction coefficient and the melting value of the road surface ice and snow thickness during the calculation process. The friction recovery performance of the snow-melting agent can be determined according to the increase value of the friction coefficient. The melting effect coefficient can be determined based on the two aspects of the comprehensive snow-melting performance and the friction recovery performance, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of the melting effect coefficient.

[0135] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S6, the snow-melting agent effect coefficient is determined based on the test environment severity coefficient and the comprehensive melting effect coefficient.

[0136] For example, the de-icing agent effect coefficient is determined by summing the test environment severity coefficient and the comprehensive melting effect coefficient. The larger the de-icing agent effect coefficient is, the better the comprehensive de-icing effect of the de-icing agent under severe conditions.

[0137] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S7, in the second test cycle, the second road surface ice and snow thickness is obtained by a sensor arranged at a preset position.

[0138] For example, the second test cycle is used to simulate the secondary icing condition of the test road surface after snow melting. The second test cycle starts three hours after the end time of the first test cycle. At the beginning of the second test cycle, the concentration of the deicing agent has basically dropped to the failure threshold. In the second test cycle, the thickness of ice and snow on the road surface is obtained by the remote sensing road surface sensor, that is, the second road surface ice and snow thickness.

[0139] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S8, the anti-refreezing effect coefficient is determined according to the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface.

[0140] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of determining an anti-refreezing effect coefficient according to an embodiment of the present invention is exemplarily shown.

[0141] According to one embodiment of the present invention, step S8 includes:

[0142] Step S81, determining a change rate of the second road surface ice and snow thickness according to the second road surface ice and snow thickness;

[0143] Step S82, determining an expected road surface ice and snow thickness change rate based on the first relationship function and the simulation test data;

[0144] Step S83: determining an anti-refreezing effect coefficient according to the second road surface ice and snow thickness change rate and the expected road surface ice and snow thickness change rate.

[0145] For example, based on the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface at multiple moments in the second test cycle, the rate of change of the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface is determined; the simulated test data is substituted into the first relationship function to determine the predicted growth rate of the thickness of the ice and snow layer in the first test cycle under the circumstances, that is, the expected rate of change of the thickness of ice and snow on the road surface; based on the ratio of the expected rate of change of the thickness of ice and snow on the road surface and the rate of change of the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface, the anti-refreezing effect coefficient is determined. The smaller the rate of change of the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface, the smaller the anti-refreezing effect coefficient, which means that the secondary freezing speed of the test road surface is slower and the anti-refreezing effect coefficient is better.

[0146] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S9, a test report is determined based on the deicing agent effect coefficient and the anti-refreezing effect coefficient.

[0147] The ice and snow road simulation test method according to an embodiment of the present invention can accurately simulate the ice and snow melting process on a highway road surface under real-world conditions. In the first test cycle, it can accurately collect test road surface data, simulated test data, and melted water accumulation data, accurately analyzing the comprehensive melting effect of the deicing agent. In the second test cycle, it can accurately analyze the anti-refrosting effect of the deicing agent, thereby achieving low-cost repeated road ice and snow melting tests under controllable ice and snow environmental conditions, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of ice and snow road simulation test tests. When determining the first relationship function, the first relationship function can be determined based on historical test ice layer thickness, historical test temperature, historical test humidity, historical test wind speed, historical test rainfall, and historical test snowfall. This can accurately describe the positive and negative effects of wind speed on the ice layer thickness growth rate, as well as the effects of temperature, humidity, rainfall, and snowfall on the ice layer thickness growth rate, thereby improving the accuracy of the first relationship function. When determining the melting effect coefficient, the comprehensive snow-melting performance of the snow-melting agent can be determined based on the change rate of the road ice and snow thickness, the friction coefficient increase value and the road ice and snow thickness melting value. The snow-melting agent's friction recovery performance can be determined based on the friction coefficient increase value. The melting effect coefficient is determined based on the comprehensive snow-melting performance and the friction recovery performance, thereby improving the comprehensiveness of the melting effect coefficient.

[0148] Figure 5 A block diagram of a snow and ice road simulation test system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown as an example. The system includes:

[0149] A first testing module is configured to obtain test road surface data in a first test cycle through sensors disposed at preset positions, wherein the test road surface data includes: road surface friction coefficient, road surface ice and snow density, and road surface ice and snow thickness;

[0150] A test data module is used to obtain simulation test data in a first test cycle, wherein the simulation test data includes: test environment temperature, test environment humidity, test rainfall and test snowfall;

[0151] The water accumulation data module is used to obtain melt water accumulation data at the end of the first test cycle;

[0152] A severity coefficient module, configured to determine a test environment severity coefficient based on the road ice and snow density and the simulated test data;

[0153] A melting coefficient module, configured to determine a comprehensive melting effect coefficient based on the road surface friction coefficient, the road surface ice and snow thickness, and the melted water accumulation data;

[0154] An effect coefficient module, configured to determine an effect coefficient of a deicing agent based on the test environment severity coefficient and the comprehensive melting effect coefficient;

[0155] A second testing module is configured to obtain, during a second testing cycle, a second road surface ice and snow thickness using a sensor disposed at a preset position;

[0156] a refreezing coefficient module, configured to determine an anti-refreezing effect coefficient according to the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface;

[0157] The test report module is used to determine a test report based on the deicing agent effect coefficient and the anti-refreezing effect coefficient.

[0158] The present invention may be a method, an apparatus, a system and / or a computer program product. The computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for executing various aspects of the present invention.

[0159] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present invention described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are intended to be illustrative only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The objectives of the present invention have been fully and effectively achieved. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been demonstrated and illustrated in the embodiments. Any variations or modifications may be made to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the principles described.

Claims

1. A method for simulating an ice and snow road surface test, characterized in that: include: In a first test cycle, test road surface data is acquired through sensors disposed at preset positions, wherein the test road surface data includes: road surface friction coefficient, road surface ice and snow density, and road surface ice and snow thickness; In a first test cycle, simulated test data is obtained, wherein the simulated test data includes: test environment temperature, test environment humidity, test rainfall, and test snowfall; At the end of the first test cycle, melt water accumulation data is obtained; Determining a test environment severity coefficient based on the road surface ice and snow density and the simulation test data; Determining a comprehensive melting effect coefficient based on the road surface friction coefficient, the road surface ice and snow thickness, and the melted water accumulation data; Determining a deicing agent effect coefficient according to the test environment severity coefficient and the comprehensive melting effect coefficient; In a second test cycle, the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface is obtained by using a sensor set at a preset position; determining an anti-refreezing effect coefficient according to the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface; A test report is determined based on the de-icing agent effect coefficient and the anti-refreeze effect coefficient.

2. The ice and snow road simulation test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining a test environment severity coefficient based on the road surface ice and snow density and the simulated test data includes: determining the type of ice and snow on the road surface according to the density of ice and snow on the road surface; Determining the severity coefficient of ice and snow environment according to the ice and snow type of the road surface; Acquire historical test data during a historical test period, wherein the historical test data includes: historical test temperature, historical test humidity, historical test wind speed, historical test rainfall, historical test snowfall, and historical test ice thickness; determining a first relationship function between the historical test ice thickness and the historical test temperature, the historical test humidity, the historical test wind speed, the historical test rainfall, and the historical test snowfall; determining a comprehensive environmental severity coefficient according to the first relationship function and the simulation test data; The test environment severity coefficient is determined according to the ice and snow environment severity coefficient and the comprehensive environment severity coefficient.

3. The ice and snow road simulation test method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Determining a first relationship function between the historical test ice thickness and the historical test temperature, the historical test humidity, the historical test wind speed, the historical test rainfall, and the historical test snowfall includes: according to the formula: Determine the first undetermined coefficient equation of the first relationship function, where: is the historical test ice thickness at the start of the j-th historical test cycle, is the historical test ice thickness at the end of the j-th historical test cycle, is the length of the j-th historical testing period, To preset the icing speed threshold, is the historical test wind speed of the jth historical test period, To preset the wind speed threshold, is the historical test rainfall in the jth historical test period, is the preset rainfall threshold, is the historical test snowfall in the jth historical test period, is the preset snowfall threshold, is the historical test humidity of the jth historical test cycle, is the preset humidity threshold, is the historical test temperature of the jth historical test cycle, is the preset temperature threshold, 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 and is the first undetermined coefficient of the first undetermined coefficient equation; Solving the first undetermined coefficient according to the historical test ice thickness, the historical test temperature, the historical test humidity, the historical test wind speed, the historical test rainfall, and the historical test snowfall to obtain a solution value of the first undetermined coefficient; A first relationship function is determined according to the solved value of the first undetermined coefficient and the first undetermined coefficient equation.

4. The ice and snow road simulation test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determining a comprehensive melting effect coefficient based on the road surface friction coefficient, the road surface ice and snow thickness, and the melted water accumulation data includes: Determining metal corrosion quality, heavy metal content, chloride ion concentration, and oxygen demand ratio based on the meltwater data; determining an environmental protection effect coefficient according to the metal corrosion quality, the heavy metal content, the chloride ion concentration, and the oxygen demand ratio; determining a melting effect coefficient according to the road surface friction coefficient and the thickness of ice and snow on the road surface; A comprehensive melting effect coefficient is determined according to the environmental protection effect coefficient and the melting effect coefficient.

5. The ice and snow road simulation test method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Determining an environmental protection effect coefficient based on the metal corrosion quality, the heavy metal content, the chloride ion concentration, and the oxygen demand ratio includes: determining a first ratio according to the metal corrosion quality and a preset metal corrosion quality threshold; determining a second ratio according to the heavy metal content and a preset heavy metal content threshold; determining a third ratio according to the chloride ion concentration and a preset chloride ion concentration threshold; determining a fourth ratio according to the oxygen demand ratio and a preset oxygen demand ratio threshold; An environmental protection effect coefficient is determined according to the first ratio, the second ratio, the third ratio, and the fourth ratio.

6. The ice and snow road simulation test method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Determining a melting effect coefficient according to the road surface friction coefficient and the thickness of ice and snow on the road surface includes: Determining the ice and snow thickness change rate at multiple moments in a first test cycle based on the ice and snow thickness on the road surface; Determining a friction coefficient increase value according to the road surface friction coefficient; Determining a melting value of ice and snow according to the thickness of ice and snow on the road surface; A melting effect coefficient is determined according to the change rate of the road surface ice and snow thickness, the friction coefficient increase value and the road surface ice and snow thickness melting value.

7. The ice and snow road simulation test method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Determining a melting effect coefficient according to the road surface ice and snow thickness change rate, the friction coefficient increase value, and the road surface ice and snow thickness melting value includes: determining a melting effect coefficient according to the formula: Determine the melting effect coefficient of the kth first test cycle ,in, and is the preset weight, is the rate of change of ice and snow thickness at the i-th moment of the k-th first test cycle, To preset the threshold value of ice and snow thickness change rate, is the melting value of ice and snow thickness in the kth first test cycle, To preset the ice and snow thickness melting value threshold, is the friction coefficient increase value of the kth first test cycle, It is the preset friction coefficient increase value threshold.

8. The ice and snow road simulation test method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Determining an anti-refreezing effect coefficient based on the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface includes: determining a rate of change of ice and snow thickness on the second road surface according to the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface; determining an expected road surface ice and snow thickness change rate based on the first relationship function and the simulation test data; An anti-refreezing effect coefficient is determined according to the second road surface ice and snow thickness change rate and the expected road surface ice and snow thickness change rate.

9. An ice and snow road simulation test system, used to perform the ice and snow road simulation test method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: A first testing module is configured to obtain test road surface data in a first test cycle through sensors disposed at preset positions, wherein the test road surface data includes: road surface friction coefficient, road surface ice and snow density, and road surface ice and snow thickness; A test data module is used to obtain simulation test data in a first test cycle, wherein the simulation test data includes: test environment temperature, test environment humidity, test rainfall and test snowfall; The water accumulation data module is used to obtain melt water accumulation data at the end of the first test cycle; A severity coefficient module, configured to determine a test environment severity coefficient based on the road ice and snow density and the simulated test data; A melting coefficient module, configured to determine a comprehensive melting effect coefficient based on the road surface friction coefficient, the road surface ice and snow thickness, and the melted water accumulation data; An effect coefficient module, configured to determine an effect coefficient of a deicing agent based on the test environment severity coefficient and the comprehensive melting effect coefficient; A second testing module is configured to obtain, during a second testing cycle, a second road surface ice and snow thickness using a sensor disposed at a preset position; a refreezing coefficient module, configured to determine an anti-refreezing effect coefficient according to the thickness of ice and snow on the second road surface; The test report module is used to determine a test report based on the deicing agent effect coefficient and the anti-refreezing effect coefficient.

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