Optical detection device with protection function

Abstract

An optical detection device with a protection function comprises a main control unit which is in communication connection with an optical detection module and an unmanned aerial vehicle deployment unit, and the main control unit is configured to process and display target information and receive a control instruction; dynamic parameters of an external target are obtained through an optical detection module, and an unmanned aerial vehicle interception instruction is generated; the optical detection module is configured to actively scan a target area and obtain space parameters of a target; the light beam guiding mechanism is used for dynamically adjusting the laser emission direction and the optical imaging view field. The unmanned aerial vehicle deployment unit comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle storage mechanism and a launching mechanism; and the communication module realizes real-time data interaction between the main control unit and the unmanned aerial vehicle. According to the device, on the basis of the function of detecting and tracking multiple targets at the same time, the unmanned aerial vehicles are launched through the unmanned aerial vehicle storage unit, and the multiple unmanned aerial vehicles can be guided to track and strike multiple flying targets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of optical detection, and in particular relates to an optical detection device with a protective function. Background Art

[0002] Small drones play a crucial role in modern warfare. Due to their low altitude, slow speed, and small size, their radar signals are easily obscured by background noise, making their detection and strike capabilities a key area of ​​global weapons research. Small drones have a wide range of military applications, including reconnaissance, surveillance, and strike missions. However, their low-altitude flight and compact size pose significant challenges to traditional radar and other detection equipment in identifying and tracking these targets.

[0003] To adapt to the development of modern aviation and the demands of the low-altitude economy, research on drone detection, strike, and capture technologies has become an inevitable trend. The widespread use of small drones, particularly in urban environments, poses numerous potential risks, including terrorist attacks, illegal surveillance, and other security threats. Therefore, effectively monitoring and managing small drone activity has become a pressing issue.

[0004] Under current technological conditions, small drone detection and strike systems are continuously evolving. For example, the application of advanced radar technology, optical sensors, acoustic sensors, and integrated detection systems are all enhancing small drone detection capabilities. Furthermore, the introduction of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies has enabled automated identification and tracking of small drones, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of defense systems.

[0005] However, detecting and striking small drones operated by individual soldiers remains a global challenge. Using missiles to strike small drones after detection is prohibitively expensive, and the launchers are too bulky for individual soldiers to deploy in large numbers. Battlefield realities have also proven that simple single-gun fire is inaccurate. Furthermore, the small size, lightness, and portability of drones, along with their flexible flight paths and unpredictable trajectory, make conventional detection and strike measures difficult to achieve.

[0006] The inventor's patent application 2024114003776 discloses an off-axis optical device and patent application 2024108918246 discloses a method for detecting and attacking drones. However, as mentioned above, the flexible flight and unpredictable trajectory of drones make it impossible for detection and attack measures to achieve a satisfactory success rate.

[0007] The inventor's patent applications 2025104329069 and 2025104329088 disclose an optical detection device with a double wedge mirror compensation unit. However, such optical detection can achieve target warning detection and thus discover the target, but it cannot provide accurate azimuth, pitch angle and distance of multiple targets, and cannot achieve rapid guidance and tracking.

[0008] The inventor's 2024103275936 discloses an optical device of laser dot matrix, which can realize laser detection and tracking. However, it is limited by the scanning field angle, has a small scanning detection range, and cannot intercept the target.

[0009] The information disclosed in this background technology section is only intended to enhance understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that the information constitutes the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an optical device with a protective function, which can quickly locate a drone and launch the drone to collide with the drone.

[0011] An optical detection device with a protective function, comprising: a main control unit, communicatively connected to the optical detection module and the UAV deployment unit, the main control unit being configured to: process and display target information, receive control instructions; obtain dynamic parameters of external targets through the optical detection module, and generate UAV interception instructions; Optical detection module, including: Optical imaging components for capturing optical signals of targets; a laser detection assembly, including a laser emitting unit and a laser receiving unit, configured to actively scan a target area and obtain spatial parameters of the target; Beam guiding mechanism, used to dynamically adjust the laser emission direction and optical imaging field of view; UAV deployment unit, including: a drone storage mechanism configured to accommodate a plurality of drones; a launching mechanism, for releasing the UAV in response to the interception instruction; The communication module realizes real-time data interaction between the main control unit and the drone.

[0012] Further preferably, the main control unit includes: A display, used for displaying image signals and inputting commands; The flight control component is configured to detect external flying targets through the optical scanning head, and control the launch of the UAV and guide it to approach the target.

[0013] Further preferably, the flight control component performs the following steps: Obtain the azimuth, pitch angle, distance, and speed of the target drone through the optical scanning head; Obtain the coordinates and attitude information of your own drone through wireless networks or optical scanning heads; Calculate the relative position of the target and your own drone, and control your own drone to intercept along a preset path.

[0014] Further preferably, the optical imaging assembly includes: An optical imaging camera is used to receive reflected light from an external target.

[0015] Further preferably, the optical imaging assembly further includes: an image rotation compensation assembly, which has any of the following structures: Structure 1, a dual-wedge mirror compensation assembly, comprising a first wedge mirror, a second wedge mirror, a transmission pair, and a drive motor. The drive motor drives the two wedge mirrors to rotate in opposite directions at the same angular velocity via the transmission pair, causing the light beam to shift within the compensation plane. The offset between the central axis of the rotation axes of the two wedge mirrors and the centerline of the imaging optical path is less than 5 mm. Structure 2, a fast-reflecting mirror compensation component, is driven by electromagnetic, electrical, or piezoelectric ceramics and compensates for image rotation by rapid deflection of a reflector or beam splitter.

[0016] The image rotation compensation component causes the optical imaging to shift rapidly, thereby offsetting the image shift of the imaging camera caused by the rotation of the rotating platform or the pitch mirror to obtain a clear image.

[0017] Further preferably, the initial state of the double-wedge mirror compensation assembly satisfies: The maximum thickness points of the two wedge-shaped mirrors are located in the same plane, namely, plane-1, and the plane-1 contains the central axis of the rotation axis of the wedge-shaped mirror and the Y axis intersecting perpendicularly thereto; The plane-1 is parallel or perpendicular to the rotation plane of the rotating platform to compensate for the image shift caused by the rotation of the rotating platform or the pitch mirror.

[0018] Further preferably, the beam guiding mechanism comprises: a rotating platform disposed in the optical scanning head, an imaging camera, a laser emitting unit and a laser receiving unit being disposed on one side or both sides of the rotating platform; A secondary mirror and a rotating mirror are provided on the other side of the rotating platform. The rotating mirror is arranged at 45° to the optical path center axis of the secondary mirror. The rotating mirror is driven by a pitch motor to rotate 360° around the optical path center axis. A through hole is provided on the rotating platform, and the outgoing light path of the secondary mirror passes through the through hole to reach the imaging camera; At least one angle sensor is used to obtain the azimuth and pitch angle parameters of the rotating platform.

[0019] Further preferably, a laser scanning unit is provided in the optical path of the laser emitting unit and the laser receiving unit, for outward scanning emission of the laser beam and receiving the reflected beam, and the laser scanning unit includes: The third wedge-shaped mirror and the fourth wedge-shaped mirror are driven by independent motors and are equipped with angle encoders; The optical scanning head can operate in any of the following modes: Laser warning mode: The rotating platform rotates at ω1=0.1 rps-2 rps, and the rotating mirror rotates at ω2=50 rps-100 rps, forming a spherical scan of the laser beam and point cloud imaging; Vision + laser warning mode: The rotating platform rotates at ω1 = 0.1 rps-2 rps, and the rotating mirror rotates at ω2 = 0.02 rps-0.4 rps, forming imaging camera scanning imaging and spherical scanning and point cloud imaging of the laser beam; Laser tracking mode: The rotating platform and the rotating mirror are stationary or rotate at a low speed to align with the target. The third and fourth wedge mirrors are driven at angular velocities ω3 and ω4, respectively, to form a conical scan with a field of view angle of 4β, where β = 0.5°-10°, and β is the wedge angle of the wedge mirror; Drone guidance mode: The drone launch is triggered according to the target distance L = 20-550 m. The optical detection module works in laser tracking mode and calculates the target azimuth and pitch angles through the angle sensor and angle encoder to guide the interception.

[0020] Further preferably, the deflection bevel angles of the third wedge-shaped mirror and the fourth wedge-shaped mirror satisfy: bevel angle = βsin(ω3t+φ)+βsin(ω4t+ψ), where ω3≠ω4, the scanning trajectory is lotus-shaped, and the scanning period is determined by the smaller value of ω3 and ω4.

[0021] Further preferably, the drone storage mechanism includes: The fixed-wing drone cabin is equipped with a long launch track, a pneumatic piston and a lock, which uses compressed air to drive the drone along the track for launch; The rotor drone warehouse is equipped with a square warehouse and an openable and closable protective cover, allowing the drone to take off directly.

[0022] Further preferably, the drone is equipped with a positioning module, which is a combination of one or more of satellite positioning, visual positioning, inertial navigation, time-of-flight positioning, laser positioning or geomagnetic positioning, and is used to feedback real-time position and posture to the main control unit; the drone is also equipped with an accelerometer, a gyroscope, an electronic compass, a barometer and an optical camera, and the optical camera is connected to the main control unit via a communication module.

[0023] A method for protecting an optical detection device, wherein a flight control component performs the following steps: Obtain the azimuth, pitch angle, distance, and speed of the target drone through the optical scanning head; Obtain the coordinates and attitude information of your own drone through wireless networks or optical scanning heads; Calculate the relative position of the target and your own drone, and control your own drone to intercept along a preset path.

[0024] Further preferably, after the drone is launched, the main control unit controls the optical camera of the drone to aim at the target location, and after the target is found, the optical camera locks the target; or the control unit controls the drone to fly towards the target according to the visual signal of the optical detection module, the azimuth and pitch parameters, and the distance and speed parameters and the visual signal of the optical camera until the interception is successful; Or the drone, under the guidance of an optical camera, can autonomously control the drone to fly towards the target until the interception is successful.

[0025] Technical advantages of this case: It can detect in multiple modes or combine multiple detection schemes to improve detection efficiency. This solution has visible light + infrared light + laser multi-band detection, which can also be combined for detection.

[0026] Realizing common aperture detection by imaging cameras and laser detection is beneficial to improving detection accuracy and reducing the occurrence of false detection and missed detection.

[0027] Alternatively, a rotating mirror and a rotating platform can be used to drive an imaging camera to perform a guarded scan, and a double wedge mirror can be used to perform image rotation compensation to obtain a clear image of the target.

[0028] Alternatively, a rotating mirror and a rotating platform can be used to drive a high-speed warning scan of the laser beam to detect the target at high speed, determine the target azimuth, pitch angle and flight distance, and have the characteristics of high-speed detection.

[0029] Alternatively, a double wedge mirror can be used to drive high-speed scanning of the laser beam to perform high-speed tracking detection on multiple targets, determine the target azimuth, pitch angle and flight distance, and has the characteristics of high-speed detection and can achieve high-speed tracking of multiple targets.

[0030] Alternatively, laser detection can detect a target and then use an imaging camera for visual tracking and monitoring. These different detection solutions can reduce the laser's operating time and extend its service life.

[0031] By using a high-speed laser detection system composed of a rotating mirror and a rotating platform, the target high-speed point cloud data can be obtained in a timely manner, and the detection of the spiral hemispherical space can be completed within 1-5 seconds. Alternatively, a double wedge mirror can be used to form a high-speed laser detection system when the rotating mirror and the rotating platform rotate slowly for directional tracking. Therefore, it has the performance of high detection speed, multi-directional, simultaneous multi-target detection and tracking, and has the ability to detect and track multiple targets.

[0032] Based on the ability to detect and track multiple targets at the same time, drones can be launched using drone storage units to guide multiple drones to track and attack multiple flying targets.

[0033] The technical solution in this case can also be used for border protection, releasing drones for verification after discovering a target, and automatically driving away birds at airports. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure where the imaging camera and laser transmitting and receiving units are placed on both sides of the rotating platform Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure where the imaging camera and laser transmitting and receiving units are placed on both sides of the rotating platform Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure where the imaging camera and laser transmitting and receiving unit are placed on one side of the rotating platform Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure where the imaging camera and laser transmitting and receiving unit are placed on one side of the rotating platform Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the laser transmitting and receiving unit with scanning components Figure 6 and Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure and coordinated movement of two wedge mirrors; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the launch of a fixed-wing aircraft; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the launch of a rotary-wing aircraft; Figure 10 is a scanning schematic diagram of an optical scanning head; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of wedge mirror scanning; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the laser scanning unit. Specific embodiments

[0035] Example 1

[0036] An optical device with a protective function comprises: a main control unit, an optical scanning head, and a UAV storage and launch array unit.

[0037] A main control unit, communicatively connected to the optical scanning head and the UAV storage and launch array unit, includes a display and a flight control component. The display is used to output image signals and display commands input from a local keyboard or a remote input device. The main control unit detects flying objects in external space through the optical scanning head, and the flight control component controls the launch of the UAV and guides the UAV to approach the flying object. The optical scanning head includes an optical imaging camera for receiving reflected light from an external observation object, as well as a laser emitting unit and a laser receiving unit. The optical scanning head is also provided with at least one angle sensor-1 for obtaining the current rotation azimuth angle and deflection and pitch angle parameters of the optical scanning head. The angle sensor-1 is electrically connected to the main control unit. The optical scanning head includes a rotating mirror, a secondary mirror 1, a laser emitting unit and a laser receiving unit arranged on one side of a rotating platform, and an imaging camera on the other side, or includes a rotating mirror, a secondary mirror 1, an imaging camera, a laser emitting unit and a laser receiving unit arranged on one side of a rotating platform, wherein the rotating platform is provided with a through hole, and the output light path of the secondary mirror 1 passes through the through hole to reach the imaging camera; The angle between the rotating mirror and the optical path center axis of the secondary mirror 1 is 45 degrees, and the rotating mirror can rotate 360 ​​degrees around the optical path center axis between the rotating mirror and the secondary mirror 1 driven by the pitch motor; The drone storage and launch array unit includes several drone storage compartments, each of which houses a drone. It also includes a wireless network component for wireless communication between the main control unit and the drones after launch.

[0038] The optical scanning head also includes an imaging camera and an image rotation compensation component, which causes the output light beam to deflect or swing back, thereby keeping the image on the CCD of the imaging camera stable and not moving with the rotation of the rotating platform or the pitch rotating mirror, thereby achieving compensation for image rotation.

[0039] The image rotation compensation component includes a double wedge mirror compensation component and a fast reflection mirror compensation component; The double wedge mirror type compensation assembly includes a transmission pair, mechanically connecting a first wedge mirror and a second wedge mirror; at least one drive motor, drivingly connected to the transmission pair; An angle sensor is provided on the rotation transmission shaft of the wedge mirror or the motor shaft; The driving motor drives the two wedge-shaped mirrors to rotate in opposite directions at the same angular velocity ω through the transmission pair, so that the light beam produces a compensating displacement along the Y-axis in plane-1.

[0040] The offset between the central axis of the rotation axis of the two wedge-shaped mirrors and the center line of the imaging optical path is less than 5mm; The fast-reflecting mirror compensation component is a reflector or beam splitter driven by electromagnetic, electrical or piezoelectric ceramics. The beam splitter is driven by electromagnetic, electrical or piezoelectric ceramics to generate rapid deflection, thereby compensating for the image rotation caused by the rotation of the rotating platform or the pitch mirror. The image rotation compensation assembly can set the initial state of the two wedge mirrors by rotating the drive motor. During the initial setting, the points A of the two wedge mirrors are located in the same plane -1. The plane -1 contains the central axis of the wedge mirror rotation axis and the Y axis that intersects the central axis at point o and is perpendicular to it. Point A is the point of maximum wedge thickness. In this way, the plane -1 of the image rotation compensation assembly can be made parallel or perpendicular to the rotation plane of the rotating platform, thereby compensating for the image movement caused by the rotation scanning of the rotating platform or the rotation scanning of the pitch mirror respectively; The optical scanning head includes a laser scanning unit arranged in the optical path of the laser emitting and receiving units. The laser scanning unit includes a wedge mirror-3 and a wedge mirror-4 driven by respective motors. The optical scanning head has the following working modes: ① During laser warning detection, the pulsed laser beam emitted by the laser emitting unit passes through the secondary mirror 1 or passes through the through hole and is reflected by the secondary mirror 1 to reach the rotating mirror, and then is reflected to the external space by the rotating mirror. During this period, the rotating platform continuously rotates horizontally at a speed of ω1 and a rotating mirror at a speed of ω2.

[0041] At this point, ω2 is much greater than ω1, with ω1 = 0.1-2.rps and ω2 = 50-100rps. The high-speed rotation of the rotating mirror drives the laser emission, forming a scanning zone of the external space approximately perpendicular to the rotating platform's rotation plane. Combined with the rotation of the rotating platform, this creates a spherical scanning detection of the external space. Simultaneously, the laser receiving unit receives the reflected beam from the external target, thereby detecting the target and calculating information such as the target's distance and speed. Angle sensor-1 then obtains the target's azimuth and pitch angles. ② During vision + laser warning detection, the pulsed laser beam emitted by the laser emitting unit passes through the secondary mirror 1 or passes through the through hole and is reflected by the secondary mirror 1 to reach the rotating mirror, and then reflected to the external space by the rotating mirror. During this period, the rotating platform continuously rotates horizontally at a speed of ω1 and a rotating mirror rotation speed of ω2.

[0042] At this point, ω1 is much larger than ω2, with ω1 = 0.1-2.rps and ω2 = 0.02-0.4rps. The rotating platform drives the laser emission, forming a horizontal strip of scanning space approximately parallel to the rotating platform. Combined with the rotating mirror's rotational reflection, the two form a spiral spherical scanning detection of the external space. At the same time, the laser receiving unit receives the reflected beam from the external target, thereby calculating the target distance, and the target azimuth and pitch angles are obtained by angle sensor-1. During this period, the imaging camera takes photos of the external space, and the image rotation compensation unit works to make the Y-axis plane parallel to the rotating platform, so that the camera obtains a stable image; ③ During laser tracking detection: the pulsed laser beam emitted by the laser emitting unit passes through the secondary mirror 1 or passes through the through hole and is reflected by the secondary mirror 1 to reach the rotating mirror, and is then reflected to the external space by the rotating mirror. During this period, the rotation speed ω1 of the rotating platform and the rotation speed ω2 of the rotating mirror are almost 0 or the rotating platform and the rotating mirror rotate slowly, so that the center line of the beam can be aligned with the target area.

[0043] During this period, the pulsed laser beam emitted by the laser emitting unit is driven by the rotation of wedge mirrors 3 and 4 to form a beam scan. The beam passes through secondary mirror 1 or passes through the through hole and is reflected by secondary mirror 1 to reach the rotating mirror. The rotating mirror is then reflected to the external space to form a conical scanning and tracking area with a field of view angle of 4β. ④ UAV launch and guidance: The pulsed laser beam emitted by the laser emitting unit scans the target area at high speed, thus having the ability to detect multiple targets simultaneously. At the same time, the laser receiving unit receives the reflected beam of the external target to calculate the distance of each target, and the angle sensor-1 and angle encoder-3 and angle encoder-4 are combined to obtain the azimuth and pitch angle of each target. When the target distance reaches L, preferably L=20m--550m, the UAV launch command is issued to control the launch of the own UAV, and the flight control component controls the own UAV to fly towards the target UAV.

[0044] The drone storage bin of the drone storage and launch array unit includes a long strip bin suitable for fixed-wing drones and a square bin suitable for quad-rotor drones. The long strip storage bin is provided with a launch track, a power air source, a pneumatic piston, a control switch and a drive lock along the length direction. When launching, the control switch is actuated, compressed air enters the pneumatic piston, and drives the drive lock to drive the drone to fly out along the launch guide rail.

[0045] The square storage bin is provided with a protective cover. When launching, the protective cover is opened, the drone is started, and the drone flies directly out of the storage bin; The drone is a small fixed-wing drone or a rotary-wing drone. The drone is equipped with a positioning module, which is a combination of one or more of satellite positioning, visual positioning, inertial navigation, time-of-flight positioning, laser positioning or geomagnetic positioning, and is used to feedback real-time position and attitude to the main control unit; the drone is also equipped with an accelerometer, a gyroscope, an electronic compass, a barometer and an optical camera. The optical camera is connected to the main control unit through a communication module. The positioning module obtains the relative position and flight attitude information of the drone, and sends it to the flight control component of the main control unit through wireless network component communication.

[0046] The flight control component performs the following steps: Obtain the azimuth, pitch angle, distance, and speed of the target drone through the optical detection module; Obtain the coordinates and attitude information of your own drone through wireless networks or optical scanning heads; Calculate the relative position of the target and your own drone, and control your own drone to intercept along a preset path.

[0047] After the drone is launched, the main control unit controls the drone's optical camera to aim at the target. Once the target is found, the optical camera locks onto the target. Alternatively, the control unit controls the drone to fly towards the target based on the visual signal from the optical detection module, the azimuth and pitch parameters, the distance and speed parameters, and the visual signal from the optical camera until the interception is successful. Or the drone, under the guidance of an optical camera, can autonomously control the drone to fly towards the target until the interception is successful.

[0048] The flight control component of the main control unit detects external flying targets through an optical scanning head, and obtains the azimuth, pitch angle, distance, flight speed and other attitude information of the target UAV through a laser detection unit, and then obtains the positioning information and attitude information of its own UAV through wireless network component communication, or obtains the positioning information and attitude information of its own UAV through optical scanning head detection, including azimuth, pitch angle, distance, flight speed and other information. The flight control component calculates the relative position and attitude information of its own UAV and the target UAV, and controls its own UAV to approach the target UAV.

[0049] The optical scanning head is set at point O in the X / Y / Z coordinate system, and the storage and transmission unit is set at point Oa in the coordinate system. The optical scanning head detects the coordinate position c (azimuth, pitch angle, distance, direction, and speed) of the target drone. The flight control component obtains the coordinate position b (azimuth, pitch angle, distance, direction, and speed) of the own drone through the positioning module. The main control unit calculates the relative position between the target drone and the own drone, and controls the own drone to intercept in advance based on the direction and speed of the target drone.

[0050] A variation of the optical scanning head structure, wherein the laser emitting and receiving units may also include a laser scanning unit. The laser scanning unit comprises wedge mirrors 3 and 4, each driven by a motor. Wedge mirrors 3 and 4 are also equipped with angle encoders 3 and 4, respectively. The wedge mirrors operate at independent angular velocities ω3 and ω4 and rotational directions. The wedge angle β of the two wedge mirrors ensures that the laser output from the laser emitting assembly forms a scanning angle of up to 4β. Simultaneously, a laser receiving camera receives the target's reflected signal, with β being 0.5-10°. During laser tracking detection, the pulsed laser beam emitted by the laser emitting unit is driven by the rotation of wedge mirrors 3 and 4 to form a beam scan. The beam passes through secondary mirror 1 or passes through the through hole and is reflected by secondary mirror 1 to reach the rotating mirror. The rotating mirror is then reflected to the external space to form a circular scanning tracking area with a field of view angle of 4β. The deflection angles of the wedge mirror 3 and the wedge mirror 4 satisfy: Bevel angle = β sin(ω 3 t+φ)+β sin(ω 4 t+ψ), where β is the slope of the wedge mirror, ω3 and ω4 are the rotation angular velocities of wedge mirror-3 and wedge mirror-4 respectively, and φ and ψ are the initial phases; When ω4≠ω3, the laser scanning trajectory is lotus-shaped, the scanning density is determined by ω4 / ω3, and the time to complete a circle of scanning is determined by the smaller value of ω4 and ω3.

[0051] At the same time, the laser receiving unit receives the reflected light beam from the external target, thereby calculating the target distance, and the angle sensor-1, angle encoder-3 and angle encoder-4 are combined to obtain the azimuth and pitch angle of each target.

Claims

1. An optical detection device with a protective function, characterized in that: include: a main control unit, communicatively connected to the optical detection module and the UAV deployment unit, the main control unit being configured to: process and display target information, and receive or generate control instructions; Acquiring dynamic parameters of external targets through the optical detection module and generating target interception instructions; Optical detection module, including: Optical imaging components for capturing optical signals of targets; a laser detection assembly, including a laser emitting unit and a laser receiving unit, configured to actively scan a target area and obtain spatial parameters of the target; Beam steering mechanism, used to dynamically adjust the laser emission and reception directions and the optical imaging field of view; The drone deployment unit includes: a drone storage mechanism configured to accommodate a plurality of drones; a launching mechanism, for releasing the UAV in response to the interception instruction; The communication module realizes real-time data interaction between the main control unit and the drone.

2. The optical detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that The main control unit includes: A display, used for displaying image signals and inputting commands; The flight control component is configured to detect external flying targets through the optical detection module, and control the launch of the UAV and guide it to approach the target.

3. The optical detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that The flight control assembly performs the following steps: Obtain the azimuth, pitch angle, distance, and speed of the target drone through the optical detection module; Obtain the coordinates and attitude information of your own drone through wireless networks or optical detection modules; Calculate the relative position of the target and your own drone, and control your own drone to intercept along a preset path.

4. The optical detection device according to claim 1, wherein Optical imaging components include: An optical imaging camera is used to receive reflected light from an external target.

5. The optical detection device according to claim 4, characterized in that The optical imaging assembly further includes an image rotation compensation assembly, which has any of the following structures: Structure 1, a dual-wedge mirror compensation assembly, comprising a first wedge mirror, a second wedge mirror, a transmission pair, and a drive motor. The drive motor drives the two wedge mirrors to rotate in opposite directions at the same angular velocity via the transmission pair, causing the light beam to shift within the compensation plane. The offset between the central axis of the rotation axes of the two wedge mirrors and the centerline of the imaging optical path is less than 5 mm. Structure 2, a fast-reflecting mirror compensation component, driven by electromagnetic, electrical, or piezoelectric ceramics, compensates for image rotation by rapidly deflecting a reflector or beam splitter; The image rotation compensation component causes the optical imaging to shift rapidly, thereby offsetting the image movement of the imaging camera caused by the rotation of the rotating platform or the pitch mirror to obtain clear imaging.

6. The optical detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that The initial state of the double-wedge mirror compensation assembly satisfies: The maximum thickness points of the two wedge-shaped mirrors are located in the same plane, namely, plane-1, and the plane-1 contains the central axis of the rotation axis of the wedge-shaped mirror and the Y axis intersecting perpendicularly thereto; The plane-1 is parallel or perpendicular to the rotation plane of the rotating platform to compensate for the image shift caused by the rotation of the rotating platform or the pitch mirror.

7. The optical detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that The beam guiding mechanism includes: a rotating platform arranged in the optical detection module, an imaging camera, a laser emitting unit and a laser receiving unit arranged on one or both sides of the rotating platform; A secondary mirror and a rotating mirror are provided on the other side of the rotating platform. The rotating mirror is arranged at 45° to the optical path center axis of the secondary mirror. The rotating mirror is driven by a pitch motor to rotate 360° around the optical path center axis. A through hole is provided on the rotating platform, and the outgoing light path of the secondary mirror passes through the through hole to reach the imaging camera; At least one angle sensor is used to obtain the azimuth and pitch angle parameters of the rotating platform.

8. The optical detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that A laser scanning unit is provided in the optical path of the laser emitting unit and the laser receiving unit, for scanning and emitting the laser beam outward and receiving the reflected beam. The laser scanning unit includes: The third wedge-shaped mirror and the fourth wedge-shaped mirror are driven by independent motors and are equipped with angle encoders; The optical scanning head can operate in any of the following modes: Laser warning mode: The rotating platform rotates at ω1=0.1 rps-2 rps, and the rotating mirror rotates at ω2=50 rps-100 rps, forming a spherical scan of the laser beam and point cloud imaging; Vision + laser warning mode: The rotating platform rotates at ω1 = 0.1 rps-2 rps, and the rotating mirror rotates at ω2 = 0.02 rps-0.4 rps, forming imaging camera scanning and spherical scanning of the laser beam and point cloud imaging; Laser tracking mode: The rotating platform and the rotating mirror are stationary or rotate at a low speed to align with the target. The third and fourth wedge-shaped mirrors are driven at angular velocities ω3 and ω4, respectively, to form a conical scan with a field of view angle of 4β, where β = 0.5°-10°, and β is the wedge angle of the wedge-shaped mirror; Drone guidance mode: The drone is launched when the target distance L=20-550 m. The optical detection module works in laser tracking mode and calculates the target azimuth and pitch angle through the angle sensor and angle encoder to guide the interception.

9. The optical detection device according to claim 8, characterized in that The deflection bevel angles of the third and fourth wedge-shaped mirrors satisfy: bevel angle = βsin(ω3t+φ)+βsin(ω4t+ψ), where ω3≠ω4, the scanning trajectory is lotus-shaped, and the scanning period is determined by the smaller value of ω3 and ω4.

10. The optical detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that The drone storage mechanism includes: The fixed-wing UAV cabin is equipped with a long launch track, a pneumatic piston and a lock, which uses compressed air to drive the UAV along the track for launch; The rotor drone warehouse is equipped with a square warehouse and an openable and closable protective cover, allowing the drone to take off directly.

11. The optical detection device according to claim 1 or 10, characterized in that: The drone is equipped with a positioning module, which is a combination of one or more of satellite positioning, visual positioning, inertial navigation, time-of-flight positioning, laser positioning or geomagnetic positioning, and is used to feedback real-time position and attitude to the main control unit; the drone is also equipped with an accelerometer, gyroscope, electronic compass, barometer and optical camera, and the optical camera is connected to the main control unit through a communication module.

12. A protection method for an optical detection device, characterized in that: The flight control component performs the following steps: Obtain the azimuth, pitch angle, distance, and speed of the target drone through the optical detection module; Obtain the coordinates and attitude information of your own drone through wireless networks or optical scanning heads; Calculate the relative position of the target and your own drone, and control your own drone to intercept along a preset path.

13. The protection method according to claim 12, characterized in that: After the drone is launched, the main control unit controls the drone's optical camera to aim at the target. Once the target is found, the optical camera locks onto the target. Alternatively, the control unit controls the drone to fly towards the target based on the visual signal from the optical detection module, the azimuth and pitch parameters, the distance and speed parameters, and the visual signal from the optical camera until the interception is successful. Or the drone, under the guidance of an optical camera, can autonomously control the drone to fly towards the target until the interception is successful.

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