Spine-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nano material preparation, in particular to spine-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles and a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that green tea extract powder is subjected to gamma-ray irradiation treatment, green tea polyphenol obtained through extraction treatment is mixed with a zinc source and an alkali solution, the pH is adjusted, and precipitates are obtained after a reaction; and calcining the precipitate to obtain the spine-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles. Green tea polyphenol is obtained from the green tea extract powder subjected to gamma-ray irradiation treatment and serves as a reducing agent and a stabilizing agent; the green tea polyphenol reacts with a zinc source, so that the spine-shaped ZnO nanoparticles are synthesized in a green manner. The zinc oxide nanoparticle prepared by the preparation method has a spine-shaped structure and good crystallinity, the median inhibitory concentration of the zinc oxide nanoparticle in a castration resistant type prostate cancer cell line is obviously lower than that of a hormone sensitive type prostate cancer cell line, and the zinc oxide nanoparticle shows a more obvious cytotoxic effect on invasive prostate cancer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nanomaterial preparation, and in particular to spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have been widely used in biomedical applications, including drug delivery, medical imaging, and biosensors, due to their unique physicochemical properties, such as their large surface area and excellent photocatalytic activity. Previous studies have demonstrated that ZnO NPs exhibit selective cytotoxicity against tumor cells, while exhibiting low toxicity against normal cells. Furthermore, the toxicity responses of different tumor cell lines to ZnO NPs vary. Therefore, ZnO NPs are considered a novel drug with intrinsic anti-tumor potential, and multiple studies have confirmed their cytotoxic effects on tumor cells.

[0003] However, current research is largely limited to spherical ZnO NPs. The synthesis and clinical anti-tumor applications of non-spherical, particularly spiky, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO SNPs) are very limited. Furthermore, current ZnO NP synthesis methods often utilize traditional chemical synthesis pathways, which often involve high temperatures or the use of toxic reagents, increasing environmental burdens and potentially affecting the biocompatibility and stability of the nanoparticles. Furthermore, existing ZnO NPs have limited efficacy in treating tumors, particularly prostate cancer. There is an urgent need to improve their efficacy in treating aggressive or castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

[0004] Therefore, the existing technology still needs to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticle and a preparation method and application thereof, aiming to solve the problem that the existing preparation of zinc oxide nanoparticles involves high temperatures or the use of toxic reagents, which affects the biocompatibility and stability of the nanoparticles.

[0006] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0007] A method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles comprises the following steps:

[0008] Green tea extract powder is subjected to gamma ray irradiation treatment and then subjected to extraction treatment to obtain green tea polyphenols;

[0009] Mixing a zinc source, an alkaline solution and the green tea polyphenols, adjusting the pH, and obtaining a precipitate after reaction;

[0010] The precipitate is calcined to obtain spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles.

[0011] In the method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles, the gamma ray irradiation treatment adopts cobalt-60 gamma ray irradiation; the dose rate of the gamma ray irradiation treatment is 1-20 kGy / h, and the dose range of the gamma ray irradiation treatment is 1-20 kGy.

[0012] The method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles, wherein the extraction process comprises the steps of:

[0013] dissolving the green tea extract powder irradiated with gamma rays in water, adding an organic solvent, and incubating the mixture to obtain a mixed solution;

[0014] The mixed solution is centrifuged and dried to obtain green tea polyphenols.

[0015] In the method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles, the organic solvent comprises one or more of ethanol, ether, and chloroform; the incubation treatment is performed at room temperature for 25-50 minutes.

[0016] The method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles, wherein the centrifugal treatment is carried out at a temperature of 4-8°C, a rotation speed of 10,000-20,000 rpm, and a time of 10-30 minutes.

[0017] The method for preparing spiky zinc oxide nanoparticles, wherein the zinc source includes one or more of zinc acetate, zinc nitrate, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, and zinc carbonate; and the alkaline solution includes one or more of sodium hydroxide solution, lithium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, and ammonia water.

[0018] The method for preparing the spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles, wherein the mass ratio of the zinc source to the green tea polyphenols is (2-20):(1-100); and the pH is between 9-10.

[0019] The method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles, wherein the calcination temperature is 500-1000° C., and the calcination time is 5-20 hours.

[0020] A spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticle is prepared by utilizing the preparation method of the spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticle.

[0021] Application of spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles in the preparation of prostate cancer drugs.

[0022] Beneficial Effects: The present invention provides spiky zinc oxide nanoparticles, a preparation method, and applications thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: irradiating green tea extract powder with gamma rays, followed by extraction to obtain green tea polyphenols; mixing a zinc source and an alkaline solution with the green tea polyphenols, adjusting the pH, and reacting to obtain a precipitate; and calcining the precipitate to obtain spiky zinc oxide nanoparticles. The present invention utilizes green tea polyphenols obtained from green tea extract powder irradiated with gamma rays as a reducing agent and stabilizer; and then reacting the green tea polyphenols with a zinc source to synthesize spiky ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO SNPs) in a green manner. The zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared by this preparation method have a spiky structure and good crystallinity, and their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) in castration-resistant prostate cancer cell lines (CRPC) is significantly lower than that in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer cell lines (HSPC), showing a more significant cytotoxic effect on invasive prostate cancer; at the same time, the IC50 value of ZnO SNPs for benign prostatic hyperplasia cell lines (BPH-1) is significantly higher than that for prostate cancer cells, indicating that they have extremely low toxicity to normal cells and excellent selectivity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process flow of a method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 Fourier transform infrared spectra of traditional ZnO NPs and ZnO SNPs prepared in Example 1;

[0025] Figure 3 XRD patterns of traditional ZnO NPs and ZnO SNPs prepared in Example 1;

[0026] Figure 4 Transmission electron micrographs of conventional ZnO NPs and ZnO SNPs prepared in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 5 The figure shows the results of cell proliferation detection using MTT method for traditional ZnO NPs and ZnO SNPs prepared in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 6 A comparison diagram of three-dimensional cell spheroid models. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention provides spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles and their preparation method and application. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of the present invention more clear and explicit, the present invention is further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0030] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the art to which the present invention belongs. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in common dictionaries should be understood to have meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined as herein.

[0031] The main chemical components of dried green tea leaves are polyphenols, which have significant antioxidant properties. Furthermore, polyphenols can inhibit cancer cell growth and induce apoptosis through various signaling pathways, and can be used as reducing agents in the synthesis of metal nanoparticles. Therefore, the present invention proposes using green tea extract as a reducing agent in the preparation of zinc oxide nanoparticles, fully utilizing its reducing and stabilizing effects.

[0032] Based on this, Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles, comprising the steps of:

[0033] Step S10: irradiating the green tea extract powder with gamma rays and then extracting the green tea polyphenols;

[0034] Step S20: mixing the zinc source, the alkaline solution and the green tea polyphenols, adjusting the pH, and obtaining a precipitate after reaction;

[0035] Step S30: calcining the precipitate to obtain spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles.

[0036] In this embodiment, green tea polyphenols (TP) are obtained from green tea extract powder treated with gamma rays and used as a reducing agent and stabilizer. This green tea polyphenol (TP) reacts with a zinc source to synthesize spike-shaped ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO SNPs) in a green manner. The zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared by this preparation method have a spike-like structure and good crystallinity. Their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) in castration-resistant prostate cancer cell lines (CRPC) is significantly lower than that in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer cell lines (HSPC), demonstrating a more pronounced cytotoxic effect against aggressive prostate cancer. Furthermore, the IC50 value of ZnO SNPs against benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH-1) cell lines is significantly higher than that against prostate cancer cells, indicating that they have extremely low toxicity to normal cells and excellent selectivity.

[0037] Specifically, the present application uses gamma ray irradiation to treat green tea extract powder to prepare high-purity polyphenols, which can increase the content of total polyphenols in the extract and enhance the antioxidant activity of the extract. The irradiation process can also remove the undesirable color of the green tea extract without affecting its beneficial physiological activity. Meanwhile, gamma rays can improve the efficiency of the extraction process, thereby facilitating the extraction of polyphenols from green tea. Gamma rays can also destroy the cell walls of green tea leaves, thereby facilitating the extraction of polyphenols. Gamma rays can also improve the ability of green tea extract to scavenge free radicals. The high-purity polyphenols prepared by gamma ray irradiation of green tea extract powder are used as a reducing agent and stabilizer for the synthesis of ZnO SNPs, and then by adjusting the reaction conditions, ZnO SNPs with sharp spikes are synthesized. The sharp spike-shaped ZnO SNPs prepared by the preparation method have a significantly better treatment effect on prostate cancer, especially the invasive subtype, than traditional nanoparticles.

[0038] In some embodiments, the gamma ray irradiation treatment uses cobalt-60 gamma ray irradiation. The dose rate of the gamma ray irradiation treatment is 1-20 kGy / h, and the dose range of the gamma ray irradiation treatment is 1-20 kGy. Under these conditions, gamma ray irradiation treatment of green tea extract powder can obtain high-purity green tea polyphenols, so that they can completely react with zinc sources in the subsequent process to obtain sharp spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles.

[0039] In a preferred mode, the dose range of the gamma ray irradiation treatment is 1-10 kGy.

[0040] In some embodiments, the extraction process includes the steps of dissolving the green tea extract powder treated by gamma ray irradiation in water, adding an organic solvent, and obtaining a mixed solution after incubation treatment. The mixed solution is subjected to centrifugal treatment, and green tea polyphenols are obtained after drying. By gamma ray irradiation treatment of green tea extract powder, the 1, 2-diphenyl-2-pyrrole hydrazine radical scavenging activity and the iron reducing capacity of the green tea extract powder can be improved, and higher-purity green tea polyphenols can be obtained.

[0041] In some embodiments, the organic solvent includes one or more of ethanol, diethyl ether, and chloroform. The incubation treatment is carried out at room temperature, and the incubation treatment time is 25-50 min.

[0042] Specifically, 0.5-50 mg of green tea extract powder treated by gamma ray irradiation is dissolved in 10-30 ml of deionized water, and an equal volume of 50%-60% ethanol, diethyl ether, or chloroform solution (w / v) is added. Then, it is incubated at room temperature for 25-50 minutes to obtain a mixed solution.

[0043] In some embodiments, the centrifugal treatment is performed at a temperature of 4-8℃, a speed of 10000-20000 rpm, and a time of 10-30 min. The centrifugal treatment can separate the green tea polyphenols from the mixed solution and obtain green tea polyphenols with high purity.

[0044] In some embodiments, the drying is performed at a temperature of 40-60℃ for 24-48 h. The drying treatment can obtain dried green tea polyphenols.

[0045] In some embodiments, the zinc source comprises one or more of zinc acetate, zinc nitrate, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, and zinc carbonate; and the alkaline solution comprises one or more of sodium hydroxide solution, lithium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, and ammonia water. The zinc source provides zinc ions for the reaction, which react with the green tea polyphenols under the alkaline solution condition to realize the green synthesis of the ZnO SNPs.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the zinc source is zinc acetate dihydrate, and the alkaline solution is NaOH solution with a concentration of 0.5-1.5% (w / v).

[0047] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the zinc source to the green tea polyphenols is (2-20):(1-100), and the pH is 9-10.

[0048] In some embodiments, the calcination treatment is performed at a temperature of 500-1000℃ for 5-20 h. The calcination treatment can make the ZnO particles grow anisotropically to obtain ZnO SNPs with a sharp or needle-like morphology.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the calcination treatment is performed at a temperature of 500℃ for 6 h.

[0050] In addition, the application also provides a ZnO SNP prepared by the above method.

[0051] In this embodiment, the ZnO SNPs prepared by the above method have a sharp structure and good crystallinity, and the IC50 in CRPC is significantly lower than that in HSPC, which shows a more significant cytotoxic effect on invasive prostate cancer. Meanwhile, the IC50 of the ZnO SNPs in BPH-1 is significantly higher than that in prostate cancer cells, which indicates that the cytotoxicity of the ZnO SNPs to normal cells is extremely low, and the ZnO SNPs have excellent selectivity.

[0052] In addition, the application also provides a use of the spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles in the preparation of a prostate cancer drug.

[0053] In this embodiment, the effective administration dose of ZnO SNPs on different types of prostate cancer cell lines, including hormone-sensitive prostate cancer cell lines (HSPC, such as LNCaP, 22RV1) and castration-resistant prostate cancer cell lines (CRPC, such as PC-3, DU-145), is determined, and it is found that the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of ZnO SNPs in CRPC cells is significantly lower than that in HSPC cells, which shows that ZnO SNPs have more significant cytotoxicity on invasive prostate cancer. At the same time, it is also found that the IC50 value of ZnO SNPs on benign prostatic hyperplasia cell line (BPH-1) is significantly higher than that on prostate cancer cells, which indicates that ZnO SNPs have very low cytotoxicity on normal cells and have excellent selectivity. In addition, the effective dissociation of ZnO SNPs on 3D spheroids of HSPC and CRPC cells is further confirmed by using a three-dimensional (3D) spheroid cell model, which suggests that ZnO SNPs also have significant anti-cancer potential in a complex model that is closer to the physiological environment.

[0054] The application will be further described in detail by the following examples. It should also be understood that the following examples are only used to further illustrate the application, and cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the application. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art according to the above content of the application are within the protection scope of the application.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] Materials: Green tea (GT, scientific name: Camellia sinensis) extract powder was purchased from APOperations Company in Samut Prakan, Thailand. Zinc acetate dihydrate was purchased from Merck in Damstadt, Germany, and distilled water was used throughout the experiment. Gallic acid was purchased from Sisco Research Laboratories Ltd. in Maharashtra, India, and Folin & Ciocalteu phenol reagent was also purchased from Sisco Research Laboratories Ltd. in Maharashtra, India.

[0057] This embodiment provides a spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticle, and the preparation process thereof comprises the following steps:

[0058] 1) Preparation of green tea polyphenols (TP)

[0059] Green tea extract powder was irradiated using cobalt-60 (60Co) gamma rays (gamma ray source from Gamma Cell 220 irradiator) at a dose rate of 8.11 kGy / h and a dose range of 10 kGy, under ambient air conditions. The GT-10 powder obtained after irradiation was extracted to obtain green tea polyphenols.

[0060] The specific extraction steps are as follows: 0.5-50 mg of irradiated GT-10 powder was dissolved in 10-30 mL of deionized water, and an equal volume of 50% ethanol solution (w / v) was added. After incubating the mixed solution at room temperature for 25-50 minutes, centrifugation was performed at 15000 rpm for 15 minutes at 4-8°C. After centrifugation, the supernatant was discarded, and the TP precipitate was collected and dried at 50°C for 24-48 hours. After extraction, the green tea polyphenols obtained were characterized and confirmed by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis).

[0061] 2) Synthesis of sharp zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO SNPs)

[0062] Zinc acetate dihydrate powder was dissolved in a 1% (w / v) NaOH solution to obtain a mixed solution, such that the concentration of zinc acetate in the mixed solution was 5 g / 100 mL. At the same time, the green tea polyphenols extracted in step 1) were added to the mixed solution, and the mixture was continuously stirred. The pH of the mixed solution was monitored using a handheld pH meter and adjusted to pH = 10. To ensure complete reaction, the mixture was continuously stirred for 36 hours. Subsequently, the generated precipitate was washed with deionized water 3 times and transferred to a crucible for calcination in a muffle furnace at about 500°C for 6 hours. Finally, the obtained ZnO SNPs powder was dried and stored for future use.

[0063] The traditional ZnO NPs and the ZnO SNPs prepared in this embodiment were characterized. To determine the chemical structure of ZnO NPs and ZnO SNPs, a Tensor 27 Bruker Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) was used for analysis, with a scan number of 32 times and a resolution of 2 cm -1 -400 cm -1 -1, and the Fourier transform infrared spectra are shown in Figure 2 (a is ZnO NPs and b is ZnO SNPs); it can be seen that the Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) = O-H stretching intensity changes, such as ZnO SNPs (3319 cm -1 ) and ZnO NPs (3899 cm -1 ) compared with a wider or sharper band, which may indicate differences in surface hydroxylation or hydration, which may affect dispersibility, stability and reactivity. 1600-1750 cm-1 (C=O stretch) and 2800-3000 cm -1 The presence or absence of peaks near 2800-3000 cm

[0064] X-ray diffraction measurements were performed using a D8 ADVANCE X-ray diffractometer (XRD) from Bruker, Karlsruhe, Germany, with a copper target radiation (Cu Ka) at a wavelength of The working voltage was 40 kV and the working current was 25 mA. The XRD pattern scanning range was 2 theta = 20° to 70° with a step rate of 0.02°, and its XRD pattern is shown in Figure 3 As can be seen from FIG. 6 (wherein a is ZnO NPs and b is ZnO SNPs), the XRD patterns of ZnO NPs and ZnO SNPs (labeled with Miller indices (hkl) of hexagonal wurtzite phase) show characteristic diffraction peaks corresponding to the ZnO crystal planes. The crystal planes of ZnO NPs correspond to (100), (200), (101) and (102). ZnO NPs show diffraction peaks at 31.90°, 34.54°, 36.36° and 47.70° (JCPDS Card No. 36-1451), while ZnO SNPs show clearer and stronger peaks at 33.40°, 37.86°, 38.01° and 48.67° for (100), (200), (101) and (102) crystal planes, indicating that it has a higher degree of crystallinity. The wider peaks in ZnO NPs indicate smaller crystalline size or possible amorphous content.

[0065] Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging was performed using a JEOL JEM 1400 TEM at an operating voltage of 120 kV, and its transmission electron microscopy pattern is shown in Figure 4 As can be seen from FIG. 7 (wherein a is ZnO NPs and b is ZnO SNPs), the TEM images show significant differences in structural morphology, with ZnO NPs being almost spherical, indicating uniform growth, while ZnO SNPs exhibit a sharp or needle-like morphology, indicating anisotropic growth.

[0066] Cell proliferation was detected using the MTT method (methylthiazolyl tetrazolium salt method) using conventional ZnO NPs and ZnO SNPs prepared in this embodiment. Before the experiment, the dried ZnO SNPs powder was diluted with deionized water to prepare different concentrations (0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 μg / mL) for subsequent cell experiments.

[0067] Cell proliferation assays were performed using the MTT assay kit I (Roche, Switzerland) and stored at -20°C. Cells were seeded in 96-well plates at a seeding density of 2,000 cells per well for PC-3 and DU-145 cells and 4,000 cells per well for LNCaP, 22RV1, and BPH-1 cells. Cells were treated with various concentrations of ZnO SNPs (0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 μg / mL) for 48 hours. Subsequently, 10 μL of MTT labeling reagent (5 mg / mL) was added to each well and incubated at 37°C for 4 hours. The MTT reagent and culture medium were then completely aspirated, and 100 μL of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was added to each well and incubated at 37°C for 15 minutes. Absorbance at 570 nm was measured using a Thermo Varioskan Flash microplate reader. GraphPad Prism statistical analysis software was used for analysis, and the percentage of cell viability and half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) after ZnO SNPs treatment were calculated using a dose-response curve. The experiment was repeated three times internally and externally. Figure 5 As shown (where a is ZnONPs and b is ZnO SNPs), it can be seen that ZnO SNPs has a lower IC50 and a better effect.

[0068] The three-dimensional cell spheroid model was used to compare the traditional ZnO NPs and the ZnO SNPs prepared in this example. The preparation method of the three-dimensional spheroid model is as follows: the complete culture medium for generating three-dimensional spheroids of prostate cancer cell line includes: RPMI 1640 culture medium (Gibco, USA), N2 supplement (Gibco, USA), B-27 without vitamin A, TM Supplement (50X) (Gibco, USA), L-glutamine (Gibco, USA), recombinant human epidermal growth factor (EGF, 100 ng / μL, Gibco, USA), and recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF, 100 ng / μL, Gibco, USA) were added. Spheroid size was normalized using Aggrewell400 24-well plates (Stemcell Technologies) according to standard cell culture protocols. PC-3 and DU-145 cells were seeded at 1.2 × 10 cells per well to achieve a target density of 1000 or 2000 cells per well, respectively. 6 LNCaP and 22RV1 cells were seeded in each well at a density of 2.4 × 10 6Before inoculating cells, the Aggrewell plate was pretreated as follows: 500 μL of anti-adhesion rinse solution was added to each well and centrifuged at 1300 x g for 5 minutes. Subsequently, the anti-adhesion rinse solution was aspirated and 2 mL of warm RPMI 1640 basal medium was added to each well for rinsing. Finally, 1 mL of warm complete medium was added to each well for later use. The final three-dimensional cell spheroid model is shown in Figure 1. Figure 6 As shown in the results, ZnO SNPs demonstrated an effective dissociation effect on HSPC and CRPC cell 3D spheroids, suggesting that they also have significant anti-cancer potential in complex models that are closer to the physiological environment.

[0069] In summary, the present invention provides spiky zinc oxide nanoparticles, a preparation method, and applications thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: irradiating green tea extract powder with gamma rays, followed by extraction to obtain green tea polyphenols; mixing a zinc source and an alkaline solution with the green tea polyphenols, adjusting the pH, and reacting to obtain a precipitate; and calcining the precipitate to obtain spiky zinc oxide nanoparticles. The present invention utilizes green tea polyphenols obtained from green tea extract powder irradiated with gamma rays as a reducing agent and stabilizer; and then reacting the green tea polyphenols with a zinc source to produce green-synthesized spiky ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO SNPs). The zinc oxide nanoparticles prepared by this preparation method have a spiky structure and good crystallinity, and their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) in castration-resistant prostate cancer cell lines (CRPC) is significantly lower than that in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer cell lines (HSPC), showing a more significant cytotoxic effect on invasive prostate cancer; at the same time, the IC50 value of ZnO SNPs for benign prostatic hyperplasia cell lines (BPH-1) is significantly higher than that for prostate cancer cells, indicating that they have extremely low toxicity to normal cells and excellent selectivity.

[0070] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For those skilled in the art, improvements or changes can be made based on the above description. All these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles, characterized in that: Including steps: Green tea extract powder is subjected to gamma ray irradiation treatment and then subjected to extraction treatment to obtain green tea polyphenols; Mixing a zinc source, an alkaline solution and the green tea polyphenols, adjusting the pH, and obtaining a precipitate after reaction; The precipitate is calcined to obtain spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles.

2. The method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles according to claim 1, wherein The gamma ray irradiation treatment adopts cobalt 60 gamma ray irradiation; the dosage rate of the gamma ray irradiation treatment is 1-20 kGy / h, and the dosage range of the gamma ray irradiation treatment is 1-20 kGy.

3. The method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles according to claim 1, wherein The extraction process comprises the steps of: dissolving the green tea extract powder irradiated with gamma rays in water, adding an organic solvent, and incubating the mixture to obtain a mixed solution; The mixed solution is centrifuged and dried to obtain green tea polyphenols.

4. The method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles according to claim 3, wherein: The organic solvent includes one or more of ethanol, ether, and chloroform; the incubation treatment is performed at room temperature, and the incubation treatment time is 25-50 minutes.

5. The method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles according to claim 3, wherein: The centrifugal treatment is performed at a temperature of 4-8° C., a rotation speed of 10,000-20,000 rpm, and a time of 10-30 min.

6. The method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles according to claim 1, wherein: The zinc source includes one or more of zinc acetate, zinc nitrate, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, and zinc carbonate; and the alkaline solution includes one or more of sodium hydroxide solution, lithium hydroxide solution, potassium hydroxide solution, and ammonia water.

7. The method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles according to claim 1, wherein: The mass ratio of the zinc source to the green tea polyphenols is (2-20):(1-100); and the pH is between 9-10.

8. The method for preparing spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles according to claim 1, wherein: The temperature of the calcination treatment is 500-1000° C., and the time of the calcination treatment is 5-20 hours.

9. A spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticle, characterized in that: The nanoparticles are prepared by the method for preparing the spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the spike-shaped zinc oxide nanoparticles according to claim 9 in preparing a drug for prostate cancer.

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