Electric displacement oil as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lubricating oil for vehicle power systems, and discloses electric displacement oil as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The electric displacement oil is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 75 to 95 parts of synthetic base oil, 0.5 to 10 parts of a lubricant, 1.5 to 5 parts of a viscosity index improver, 0.2 to 3 parts of an antioxidant, 0.1 to 1.5 parts of a purification dispersant, 0.1 to 2 parts of an antirust agent, 0.2 to 3 parts of a pour point depressant, 0.1 to 1.5 parts of an air releasing agent and 0.1 to 1.2 parts of an antistatic agent, the synthetic base oil comprises fatty acid ester and poly-alpha-olefin; the fatty acid ester comprises lauric acid-2-ethylhexyl ester; the antistatic agent comprises polyethylene glycol stearate and octadecyl diethanolamine in a mass ratio of (1-5): 1. The electric drive oil has excellent lubricating performance, wear resistance, foam resistance, corrosion resistance and antistatic performance, is not prone to spontaneous combustion and low in noise during use, can meet the use requirements of an electric drive system of a new energy automobile, reduces dry friction between parts in the start-stop process, reduces wear, improves the reliability of the system and prolongs the service life of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lubricating oil for vehicle power systems and discloses an electric drive oil and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the booming new energy vehicle industry, the electric drive system, as the vehicle's core power unit, has a performance and reliability that directly determines its quality and safety. However, specialized oils for electric drive systems (electric drive oils) are facing significant challenges. While current electric drive oil products on the market can initially meet basic lubrication and heat dissipation requirements, they exhibit a series of key technical bottlenecks in practical applications, severely restricting the safety and performance improvements of new energy vehicles. The primary and most pressing issue is safety. The flash point and auto-ignition temperature of current mainstream electric drive oil formulations are generally low, making them unable to effectively withstand the enormous heat generated by electric drive systems under extreme operating conditions such as high temperature, high pressure, and high load. Once the system temperature reaches a critical value, the oil can easily spontaneously combust, posing a direct threat to the lives of drivers and passengers, resulting in serious safety accidents. It also poses a significant risk to the healthy and sustainable development of the new energy vehicle industry.

[0003] At the same time, the performance problems of existing electric drive oils go far beyond safety. The inadequacies in lubrication and heat dissipation are equally prominent. Many electric drive oil product formulas are relatively outdated, and the synergy between the base oil and additives is poor. This makes it difficult to form a sufficiently tough and stable lubricating oil film on the surface of key electric drive components (such as bearings and gears) under complex operating conditions such as high temperature and high speed. This increases friction between components, accelerates the wear process, and generates a large amount of additional heat. If this heat cannot be effectively conducted and dissipated through the oil, the electric drive system will fall into an overheating dilemma, which will at best reduce transmission efficiency and at worst cause irreversible performance degradation of components, significantly shortening the service life of new energy vehicles and weakening their power performance.

[0004] Furthermore, existing electric drive oils also have significant shortcomings in other performance aspects: (1) Insufficient anti-wear performance: Faced with the impact loads of urban driving conditions and rugged road conditions caused by the frequent start-stop of new energy vehicles, the anti-wear agent formula in some electric drive oils is not effective and cannot build an effective protective barrier on the friction surface at high load moments, resulting in components (such as motor bearings and reducer gears) being directly exposed to the risk of dry friction, causing serious wear such as pits and scratches, making it difficult to meet the vehicle's stringent requirements for high reliability; (2) Poor low-temperature fluidity: The base oil used in some products has poor viscosity-temperature performance. In low-temperature environments, the viscosity of the oil increases sharply and the fluidity deteriorates significantly. When the vehicle is cold started, the electric drive components are subjected to severe dry friction and high wear due to lack of timely and sufficient lubrication, which greatly shortens the service life of key components.

[0005] Therefore, with the advancement of new energy vehicle technology and consumers' increasing demands for vehicle performance, quality, and safety, the market demand for electric drive oils with high safety, excellent efficiency, and comprehensive reliability is unprecedentedly urgent. Especially in the severe situation of frequent spontaneous combustion accidents, developing a new generation of electric drive oils that have high spontaneous combustion temperatures at high speeds (to eliminate the risk of spontaneous combustion), while also possessing excellent lubrication, heat dissipation, anti-wear properties, and good low-temperature fluidity, has become a core technological fortress that the industry urgently needs to overcome. This not only affects the safe operation of new energy vehicles, but is also a key step in pushing the entire industry to break through bottlenecks and move towards a higher level of development. It is of extremely important strategic significance for ensuring the long-term competitiveness and sustainable development of the industry. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an electric drive oil and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an electric flooding oil, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 75-95 parts of a synthetic base oil, 0.5-10 parts of a lubricant, 1.5-5 parts of a viscosity index improver, 0.2-3 parts of an antioxidant, 0.1-1.5 parts of a detergent dispersant, 0.1-2 parts of a rust inhibitor, 0.2-3 parts of a pour point depressant, 0.1-1.5 parts of an air release agent, and 0.1-1.2 parts of an antistatic agent; the synthetic base oil comprises a fatty acid ester and a polyalphaolefin; the fatty acid ester comprises 2-ethylhexyl laurate; and the antistatic agent comprises polyethylene glycol stearate and octadecyl diethanolamine in a mass ratio of (1-5):1.

[0009] The electric drive oil obtained by compounding a synthetic base oil system of specific components, a lubricant, a viscosity index improver, an antioxidant, a detergent dispersant, a rust inhibitor, a pour point depressant, an air release agent and an antistatic agent has excellent lubrication performance, anti-wear performance, anti-foaming performance, corrosion resistance and antistatic performance, is not easy to spontaneously combust during use, has low noise, can meet the use requirements of the electric drive system of new energy vehicles, reduce dry friction between components during starting and stopping, reduce wear, effectively dissipate heat, and improve the reliability and life of the system. Among them, the synthetic base oil system of specific components can cooperate with other components to make the electric drive oil have a higher flash point and ignition point, and is not easy to spontaneously combust. During the operation of the electric drive system, even if encountering abnormal conditions such as high temperature and electric sparks, it can effectively reduce the fire risk and ensure the safety of equipment and personnel; secondly, the synthetic base oil system of specific components can cooperate with other components to form a uniform and dense lubricating film on the surface of the electric drive system components. During the frequent start and stop of the electric drive system, relative movement and friction will occur between the components. The lubricating film can effectively isolate the metal surface, reduce direct contact, significantly reduce the friction coefficient, reduce wear, ensure the long-term stable operation of the electric drive system, and extend the service life of the components; in addition, the synthetic base oil system of specific components can cooperate with other components to further enhance the anti-wear performance, anti-foaming performance, corrosion resistance, and anti-static performance of the electric drive oil to meet the use requirements of the electric drive system of new energy vehicles. Among them, the antistatic agent of the specific component of the present application can, on the one hand, cooperate with other components to reduce the resistivity of the electric drive oil, and on the premise of meeting the use requirements of the electric drive oil, enable static electricity to be smoothly conducted to the ground, avoid static electricity accumulation, effectively reduce electric sparks caused by static electricity, and reduce the possibility of spontaneous combustion of oil products; on the other hand, it can cooperate with other components to change the surface tension of the oil film, help vapor-liquid equilibrium, accelerate the speed at which the air dissolved in the electric drive oil is released to the surface of the oil product, reduce the generation of foam while taking away heat, enhance the heat dissipation capacity of the electric drive oil, maintain the stability of the oil product, and thus protect the performance of the equipment.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the electric flooding oil of the present invention, the mass ratio of the polyethylene glycol stearate to the octadecyl diethanolamine is (2-3.5):1.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyethylene glycol stearate to the octadecyl diethanolamine is in the range of any one of 2:1, 2.5:1, 3:1, 3.5:1 or both.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the electric flooding oil of the present invention, the mass ratio of the fatty acid ester to the poly-α-olefin is (0.5-2.8):1.

[0013] Preferably, the mass ratio of the fatty acid ester to the poly-α-olefin is (0.75-2):1.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the electric drive oil of the present invention, the lubricant includes at least one of dialkyl zinc dithiophosphate, triphenyl thiophosphate, and molybdenum disulfide.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the electric flooding oil of the present invention, the viscosity index improver includes at least one of polyalkylene ether, polymethacrylate, and ethylene propylene copolymer.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the electric flooding oil of the present invention, the antioxidant includes at least one of di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, dilauryl thiodipropionate, and phenolic resin.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the electric flooding oil of the present invention, the detergent dispersant includes at least one of calcium petroleum sulfonate, succinimide, and calcium alkylphenate.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the electric drive oil of the present invention, the rust inhibitor includes at least one of calcium sulfonate, diethanolamine oleate, and sebacic acid.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the electric flooding oil of the present invention, the pour point depressant is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the electric flooding oil of the present invention, the air release agent includes at least one of dimethylsiloxane, methylphenylsiloxane, and polyacrylate.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the electric flooding oil, comprising the following steps:

[0022] (1) uniformly mixing the antioxidant, pour point depressant, viscosity index improver, and lubricant to obtain a mixture A;

[0023] (2) adding the synthetic base oil and the air release agent to the mixture A and mixing them uniformly to obtain a mixture B;

[0024] (3) Add the detergent dispersant, rust inhibitor, and antistatic agent to the mixture B and mix them evenly to obtain the electric flooding oil.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the present invention, in step (1), the mixing temperature is 40°C-60°C.

[0026] Preferably, in step (1), the mixing time is 1 h to 1.5 h.

[0027] In a third aspect, the present invention provides the application of the electric drive oil in new energy vehicles.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: (1) the synergistic synthetic base oil system in the electric drive oil of the present application can synergize with other components to make the electric drive oil have good heat conduction performance, can quickly take away heat from the surface of the electric drive system components, and reduce the system temperature; at the same time, the electric drive oil has a high flash point and ignition point, which ensures that it is not easy to cause safety accidents such as spontaneous combustion during high-speed operation, and provides a reliable guarantee for the high-speed operation of the electric drive system; it can also synergize with other components to form a uniform and dense lubricating film on the surface of the electric drive system components, effectively isolate the metal surface, reduce direct contact, significantly reduce the friction coefficient, reduce wear, ensure long-term stable operation of the electric drive system, and prolong the service life of the components; (2) the antistatic agent in the electric drive oil of the present application can on the one hand synergize with other components to reduce the resistivity of the electric drive oil, on the condition that the use requirements of the electric drive oil are met, make the static electricity conduct smoothly to the ground, avoid static electricity accumulation, effectively reduce the electric spark caused by static electricity, and reduce the possibility of oil spontaneous combustion; on the other hand, it can synergize with other components to change the surface tension of the oil film, help the vapor-liquid balance, accelerate the release of air dissolved in the electric drive oil to the surface of the oil product, reduce the generation of foam while taking away heat, enhance the heat dissipation capacity of the electric drive oil, maintain the stability of the oil product, and further protect the efficiency of the equipment; (3) the electric drive oil of the present application realizes the synergistic optimization of multiple functions such as lubrication, wear resistance, anti-foaming, corrosion resistance, anti-static, high speed, low noise, etc. by compounding multiple components, provides comprehensive and reliable protection for the electric drive system of new energy vehicles, improves the performance, reliability and service life of the system, and reduces the maintenance cost and safety risk. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to better illustrate the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application, the present application will be further described below in combination with specific examples. Those skilled in the art should understand that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0030] The following specific examples are described to illustrate the actual effect of the present application scheme.

[0031] The test methods used in the examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents, equipment, etc. used are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

[0032] The raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples are described as follows, but are not limited to these materials:

[0033] Table 1: Raw materials and manufacturers

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] The preparation method of the electric flooding oil involved in the following Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-8 comprises the following steps:

[0037] (1) Weigh each component of the raw material according to weight;

[0038] (2) mixing an antioxidant, a pour point depressant, a viscosity index improver, and a lubricant at 50° C. to obtain a mixture A;

[0039] (3) adding the synthetic base oil and the air release agent to the mixture A and mixing them uniformly to obtain a mixture B;

[0040] (4) Add the detergent dispersant, rust inhibitor, and antistatic agent to the mixture B in order and mix them evenly. Stir at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain the electric drive oil.

[0041] The raw materials (by weight) of the electric flooding oils of the following Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-8 are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0042] Table 2: Raw material ratios of electric flooding oils of Examples 1-9 of the present invention (parts by weight)

[0043]

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] Table 3: Raw material ratios of electric flooding oils of Comparative Examples 1-8 of the present invention (parts by weight)

[0047]

[0048] Comparative Example 9:

[0049] The only difference between the electric displacement oil in this comparative example and that in Example 1 is that the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0050] (1) mixing an antioxidant, a pour point depressant, a viscosity index improver, and a lubricant at 70° C. to obtain a mixture A;

[0051] (2) adding the synthetic base oil and the air release agent to the mixture A and mixing them uniformly to obtain a mixture B;

[0052] (3) Add the detergent dispersant, rust inhibitor, and antistatic agent to the mixture B in sequence and mix them evenly. Stir at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain the electric drive oil.

[0053] Comparative Example 10:

[0054] The only difference between the electric displacement oil in this comparative example and that in Example 1 is that the preparation method comprises the following steps:

[0055] (1) mixing an antioxidant, a pour point depressant, a viscosity index improver, and a lubricant at 50° C. to obtain a mixture A;

[0056] (2) adding the synthetic base oil and the air release agent to the mixture A and mixing them uniformly to obtain a mixture B;

[0057] (3) Add the detergent dispersant, rust inhibitor, and antistatic agent to the mixture B in order and mix them evenly. Stir at room temperature for 0.5 h to obtain the electric drive oil.

[0058] Test example: Performance test of electric drive oil

[0059] The performance of the electric flooding oils obtained in the above examples and comparative examples was tested.

[0060] (1) Viscosity test: The viscosity of the electric drive oil at 40°C was tested according to GB / T 265.

[0061] (2) Viscosity index: The viscosity of the electric drive oil at 40°C is tested according to GB / T 1995.

[0062] (3) Open-cup flash point test: Test the open-cup flash point of electric drive oil according to GB / T 3536.

[0063] (4) Pour point test: Test the pour point of electric drive oil according to GB / T 510.

[0064] (5) Wear spot diameter test: The wear resistance of the electric flooding oil is tested according to ASTM D4172 and expressed as wear spot diameter. The smaller the wear spot diameter, the better the wear resistance of the electric flooding oil.

[0065] (6) Friction coefficient test: The lubrication performance of the electric drive oil is tested according to ASTM D4172 and expressed as the friction coefficient. The smaller the friction coefficient, the better the lubrication performance of the electric drive oil.

[0066] (7) Foaming test: The high-temperature foaming performance of the electric flooding oil was tested according to ASTM D6082.

[0067] (8) Volume resistivity test: The volume resistivity of the electric drive oil was tested according to JIS C2101.

[0068] (9) Noise test: Using a decibel meter, under the condition of basically keeping the environmental factors the same, test the noise generated by the electric drive assembly of the transmission at 1000r / min.

[0069] Table 4: Performance test results of electric flooding oil in the embodiment

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] Table 5: Performance test results of the comparative electric drive oil

[0073]

[0074] From the data in Table 4 and Table 5, it can be seen that the electric drive oil prepared by the embodiment of the present application with specific content of components has excellent lubricating performance, anti-wear performance, anti-foaming performance, corrosion resistance, anti-static performance and is not easy to self-ignite when used, has low noise, can meet the use requirements of the electric drive system of new energy vehicles, effectively reduces the dry friction between components during the start-stop process, reduces wear, effectively dissipates heat, and improves the reliability and service life of the system.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. An electric flooding oil, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following components in parts by weight: 75-95 parts of synthetic base oil, 0.5-10 parts of lubricant, 1.5-5 parts of viscosity index improver, 0.2-3 parts of antioxidant, 0.1-1.5 parts of detergent dispersant, 0.1-2 parts of rust inhibitor, 0.2-3 parts of pour point depressant, 0.1-1.5 parts of air release agent and 0.1-1.2 parts of antistatic agent; the synthetic base oil comprises fatty acid ester and poly-α-olefin; the fatty acid ester comprises 2-ethylhexyl laurate; and the antistatic agent comprises polyethylene glycol stearate and octadecyl diethanolamine in a mass ratio of (1-5):

1.

2. The electric drive oil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the polyethylene glycol stearate to the octadecyl diethanolamine is (2-3.5):

1.

3. The electric drive oil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The mass ratio of the fatty acid ester to the poly-α-olefin is (0.5-2.8):

1.

4. The electric drive oil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The lubricant includes at least one of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, triphenyl thiophosphate, and molybdenum disulfide.

5. The electric drive oil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The antioxidant includes at least one of di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, dilauryl thiodipropionate, and phenolic resin.

6. The electric drive oil according to claim 1, characterized in that The detergent dispersant includes at least one of calcium petroleum sulfonate, succinimide, and calcium alkylphenate.

7. The electric flooding oil according to claim 1, characterized in that The rust inhibitor includes at least one of calcium sulfonate, diethanolamine oleate, and sebacic acid.

8. The method for preparing the electric drive oil according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) uniformly mixing the antioxidant, pour point depressant, viscosity index improver, and lubricant to obtain a mixture A; (2) adding the synthetic base oil and the air release agent to the mixture A and mixing them uniformly to obtain a mixture B; (3) Add the detergent dispersant, rust inhibitor, and antistatic agent to the mixture B and mix them evenly to obtain the electric flooding oil.

9. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein In step (1), the mixing temperature is 40°C-60°C.

10. Use of the electric drive oil according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in new energy vehicles.

Images