Method for preparing matrix laid in saline-alkali soil planting groove by utilizing white gourd waste

Abstract

The invention provides a substrate laid in a saline-alkali soil planting groove and prepared from wax gourd waste, the substrate comprises 10% of a potassium polyacrylate polymer, 10% of hydrolytic polymaleic anhydride, 15% of sesbania gum, 40% of humic acid and 25% of CMC gum, a solvent is acidified melon water, and the acidified melon water is obtained by acidifying the wax gourd waste and diluting the wax gourd waste by 100-300 times; a physical crushing and mixing process is adopted in the whole process, high-temperature treatment is not needed, energy consumption is low, the method is suitable for large-scale production, raw materials and additives are natural or degradable components, heavy metal and harmful chemical residues are avoided, and the requirement for agricultural green development is met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a method for preparing a substrate laid in a planting groove in saline-alkali soil by using discarded wax gourd. BACKGROUND

[0002] Saline-alkali soil refers to a type of land where the soil contains excessive soluble salts and alkaline substances, which deteriorates the physical and chemical properties of the soil and further affects the normal growth and development of plants. The existence of such land not only wastes land resources, but also brings many negative impacts on the local ecological environment, agricultural production and economic development. Specifically, it is characterized by low vegetation coverage, decreased land productivity, intensified soil erosion, and reduced biodiversity.

[0003] In the prior art, the repair of saline-alkali soil mainly adopts physical repair method, chemical repair method and biological repair method. Although the physical repair method is simple to operate, it has the problems of high labor cost and limited repair effect; the chemical repair method has quick effect, but needs to be applied multiple times, resulting in high cost of chemicals and easy accumulation of heavy metal ions in the soil, which has potential harm to the soil ecological environment; the biological repair method has good ecological and economic benefits, but the repair period is long and the effect cannot be shown for a long time. In addition, the effect of microbial agents is greatly affected by the soil environmental conditions and has insufficient stability. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application aim to provide a method for preparing a substrate laid in a planting groove in saline-alkali soil by using discarded wax gourd, so as to solve or alleviate the technical problems in the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial alternative.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application is to prepare a substrate laid in a planting groove in saline-alkali soil by using discarded wax gourd, which contains the following raw materials: crushed discarded wax gourd, crushed straw, 10% potassium acrylate polymer solution, 10% hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride solution, 15% tianqing glue solution, 40% humic acid solution, 25% CMC glue solution, and acidified melon water.

[0006] Specifically, the crushed discarded wax gourd accounts for 30% to 40% of the total mass, the crushed straw accounts for 15% to 25% of the total mass, the potassium acrylate polymer solution accounts for 5% to 8% of the total mass, the hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride solution accounts for 3% to 5% of the total mass, the tianqing glue solution accounts for 2% to 4% of the total mass, the humic acid solution accounts for 8% to 12% of the total mass, the CMC glue solution accounts for 3% to 5% of the total mass, and the acidified melon water accounts for 10% to 20% of the total mass.

[0007] The method for preparing the substrate laid in the planting groove in the saline-alkali soil by using discarded wax gourd at least includes the following steps:

[0008] S1 adopts double-shaft spiral crusher to crush fresh wax gourd waste to 0.5cm-2cm particle size, for standby;

[0009] The crop straw is crushed by a hammer mill, and the particle size distribution is controlled by a grading screen, and dried to a water content of <15% for standby;

[0010] S2: According to the percentage of the total mass, the crushed wax gourd waste and the crushed straw are weighed, and then added to a horizontal spiral ribbon mixer for pre-mixing for 5-10 minutes, and then the potassium acrylate polymer solution, the hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride solution, the tianqing glue solution, the humic acid solution, and the CMC glue solution are added in sequence, and the mixing is continued for 10-15 minutes, until a uniform semi-solid mixture is formed

[0011] S3: The acidified melon water is diluted by 100-300 times, and slowly added to the above mixture by a metering pump;

[0012] The stirring paddle is started, and the rotation speed is controlled at 150rpm-450rpm (initially 150rpm-200rpm for 10 minutes, and then increased to 300rpm-450rpm for 10-50 minutes), and the total stirring time is 20-60 minutes, until the material forms a uniform sprayable slurry.

[0013] The acidified melon water preparation method comprises:

[0014] S3-1: The wax gourd waste (homologous to the crushed raw material in S1) is crushed by a colloid mill at a rotation speed of 3000min-5000rpm, until the particle size is less than 0.5mm, and then pressed by a plate and frame filter press, and the pressure during pressing is 0.3-0.5MPa, and the wax gourd residue and wax gourd juice are separated;

[0015] S3-2: 10% acidifying agent solution is slowly added to the wax gourd juice, and stirred at a rotation speed of 100rpm-150rpm, and the pH is adjusted to 3.5-4.5, and then filtered by a filter membrane after standing for 2 hours, and the filter membrane pore size is 0.45μm, and the clear acidified melon water is obtained.

[0016] Preferably, the acidifying agent solution is a combination of one or more of organic acids and inorganic phosphate salts.

[0017] Further, the substrate use method comprises:

[0018] Pre-treatment of planting tank: remove the 20-30cm saline-alkali soil on the inner surface of the planting tank.

[0019] Matrix laying: the prepared sprayable slurry is uniformly sprayed in the planting tank by a high-pressure spray gun, and the laying thickness is adjusted according to the salinization degree (5-6 cm for light salinization, 6-8 cm for moderate salinization, and 8-10 cm for heavy salinization), and then the rotary plough is used to flatten, and the natural air-drying is performed for 24-48 h (to 40-50% of water content);

[0020] Leaching activation: after the laying is completed, the deionized water (or low-salt groundwater) is slowly leached (1-2 L / m 2 2 L / m 2 ), to promote the initial release of soluble salts in the matrix, and then the pH value of the matrix in the planting tank is measured after 24 h, and then planting is performed.

[0021] The embodiment of the present application has the following advantages due to the use of the above technical solutions.

[0022] 1. Raw material innovation: taking the winter melon waste as the core, the agricultural waste is turned into treasure, and the raw material cost is reduced compared with the traditional matrix.

[0023] 2. Functional synergy: through the three-dimensional synergy of physical skeleton (straw), chemical regulation (hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride and humic acid), and biological activity (acidified watermelon juice natural ingredients), the small space improvement demand of the planting tank is adapted.

[0024] 3. Simple process: the whole process adopts physical crushing and mixing process, without high-temperature treatment, low energy consumption, and suitable for large-scale production.

[0025] 4. Environmentally friendly: the raw materials and additives are natural or degradable components, without heavy metals and harmful chemical residues, and meet the requirements of agricultural green development.

[0026] The above summary is only for the purpose of the description and is not intended to limit in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the present application will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art by reference to the schemes and the following detailed description. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be described in detail in combination with the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0028] It should be clear that the following embodiments of the present disclosure are described through specific concrete examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present disclosure from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. The present disclosure can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other in the absence of conflict. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0029] It should be noted that various aspects of the embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any specific structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on this disclosure, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that an aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects described herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. In addition, other structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects described herein can be used to implement this device and / or practice this method.

[0030] Existing technologies primarily rely on physical, chemical, and biological methods for saline-alkali soil remediation. Physical remediation requires extensive manpower for deep plowing and tillage, chemical remediation carries the risk of high reagent costs and heavy metal accumulation, and biological remediation cycles are lengthy and inconsistent. When rapid improvement of the soil environment in saline-alkali planter beds is required, traditional methods struggle to balance remediation efficiency, cost control, and ecological safety.

[0031] To address these issues and considering the feasibility of agricultural waste resource utilization, researchers are experimenting with combining winter melon waste with straw as a matrix. To enhance water and fertilizer retention, they are exploring the addition of natural polymers and colloidal materials. To address the high pH environment of saline-alkali soils, they are proposing the use of acidified melon water to regulate the matrix's acid-base balance. Through the synergistic action of multiple components, a sprayable composite repair material is formed.

[0032] Therefore, the present application proposes a matrix preparation scheme comprising wax gourd, straw, potassium acrylate polymer, hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, tianqing gum, humic acid, CMC glue and acidified melon water.

[0033] The winter melon is a fresh winter melon waste after crushing, which can be treated by mechanical cutting or extrusion, and provides an organic matter source and improves soil porosity. The straw is a crushed crop residue, and the particle size range is controlled in 0.1mm-5mm, which is used to enhance the supportability of the substrate structure. The potassium acrylate polymer is a water-soluble polymer compound with a concentration of 10%, which reduces the content of sodium ions in the soil through ion exchange. The hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride is an organic acid derivative with a concentration of 10%, which promotes the decomposition of straw cellulose. The tianqing glue is a plant colloid with a concentration of 15%, which forms a three-dimensional network structure with CMC glue with a concentration of 25% to improve the adhesion performance of the substrate. The humic acid is an organic acid mixture with a concentration of 40%, which is used to provide trace elements required for plant growth. The acidified melon water is a product of winter melon juice treated by a pH regulator, which is used as a liquid carrier to regulate the pH value of the substrate after dilution.

[0034] Specifically, first, the winter melon is crushed to fully expose the fiber tissue. The straw is crushed to a specific particle size range to balance the air permeability and water retention. The potassium acrylate polymer, the hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, the tianqing glue, the humic acid and the CMC glue are mixed in proportion to form a composite modifier. The crushed winter melon and the crushed straw are used as the substrate skeleton, and are uniformly mixed with the composite modifier. The acidified melon water is diluted and added to the mixture as a solvent, and a flowable shot is formed by mechanical stirring to realize uniform coverage and rapid film formation of the substrate material.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the traditional soil replacement method needs to transport a large amount of soil and destroys the original ecology, while the present scheme uses agricultural waste on site to reduce transportation costs. Compared with single chemical modifier which is easy to cause soil compaction, the combination of multiple colloids and polymers can simultaneously improve the soil aggregate structure and ion balance. Compared with the problem of environmental constraints of microbial agents, the combination of acidified melon water and humic acid provides a stable growth environment for microbial communities.

[0036] Through the above technical scheme, the present application realizes the rapid laying and soil improvement of the saline-alkali land planting tank substrate. The porous structure formed by the crushed winter melon and the straw enhances the air permeability of the soil, the potassium acrylate polymer and the humic acid cooperatively reduce the soil salt concentration, and the colloid network constructed by the tianqing glue and the CMC glue effectively fixes the nutrients. The acidified melon water continuously adjusts the local microenvironment pH value to promote the root development of salt-tolerant plants. The substrate forms a continuous cover layer after spraying, which blocks the upward movement of salt and gradually releases the improved components, significantly shortening the improvement period of the saline-alkali land.

[0037] The present application further proposes that the winter melon is a product of fresh winter melon after crushing.

[0038] The crushing treatment refers to a process of mechanically decomposing the whole fresh wax gourd into fine particles, and can be realized by using a blade crusher or a hammer crusher. The particle size of the crushed product can be controlled within the range of 0.5 mm to 10 mm. The crushing treatment can increase the surface area of the wax gourd waste, and promote the subsequent mixing reaction with the high molecular polymer and the acidified melon water. The fresh wax gourd refers to the wax gourd raw material that has not been dehydrated, fermented or high-temperature treated, and the water content is usually higher than 90%. The use of fresh wax gourd can retain natural plant fibers and soluble organic matter, and release juice during the preparation process, thereby providing raw material basis for the preparation of acidified melon water.

[0039] Specifically, after the fresh wax gourd is crushed, the internal juice and fiber tissue are fully separated, and the particle morphology after crushing is beneficial to uniform mixing with straw, humic acid and other materials. The juice released during the crushing process can be directly used for the preparation of acidified melon water, avoiding the loss of organic matter caused by traditional drying treatment. After the crushed wax gourd particles are compounded with straw and other materials, a porous structure can be formed, which enhances the water retention and air permeability of the substrate, and provides a carrier for microbial colonization.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the traditional saline-alkali soil repair material is usually prepared by using dry plant raw materials, and additional water regulator needs to be added. The fresh wax gourd after crushing can directly provide water and organic matter, reducing the use of external additives. The method of retaining the natural ingredients of wax gourd by crushing is not disclosed in the prior art, and the present application realizes efficient utilization of waste resources by controlling the crushing particle size and raw material state.

[0041] Through the above technical solution, the present application solves the problem of uneven mixing when fresh wax gourd is directly used. The particle morphology and fiber structure after crushing can form an interlocking effect with straw, enhancing the stability of the substrate. The juice released by crushing provides raw material for acidified melon water, avoiding the energy consumption required for separately processing wax gourd juice. Meanwhile, the fiber network after crushing can adsorb sodium ions in saline-alkali soil, improving the soil aggregate structure.

[0042] The present application further proposes that the straw is crushed to a particle size of 0.1 mm to 5 mm.

[0043] The straw refers to the stem part remaining after the harvest of crops, and can be processed by using stem materials after the harvest of corn, wheat or rice. As a source of organic matter, it can improve the soil pore structure and enhance the water retention capacity. The particle size of 0.1 mm to 5 mm means that the particle size of the straw is controlled within this range by mechanical crushing, and can be realized by using a hammer crusher or a blade crusher. This particle size range is beneficial to uniform mixing with other materials and accelerating the decomposition process.

[0044] Specifically, the crop straw is crushed to form particles with a size of 0.1mm to 5mm. This size range avoids the problem of caking caused by too fine particles and prevents uneven mixing caused by too large particles. When the crushed straw is mixed with winter melon waste and other additives, the increased surface area facilitates the combination with colloidal materials, thereby forming a stable composite substrate structure. In addition, this particle size range helps the straw to gradually decompose in the soil, continuously releasing organic matter to improve the physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali soil.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the straw used in the existing saline-alkali soil remediation material is usually not crushed or only roughly broken, resulting in poor uniformity of the mixed material and slow decomposition rate. The present application controls the particle size range of the straw to make the material mixing more complete, the substrate structure more stable, and the humification process of the straw faster, thereby shortening the saline-alkali soil improvement period.

[0046] Through the above technical solution, the present application solves the problems of poor dispersibility and low decomposition efficiency of straw in saline-alkali soil remediation material, optimizes the uniformity of material mixing and degradation rate through particle size control, and thereby improves the improvement effect of the substrate on the structure of saline-alkali soil.

[0047] The present application further proposes a method for preparing a substrate laid in a planting groove in a saline-alkali soil using winter melon waste, comprising the following steps: crushing the winter melon and crushing the straw; weighing the potassium acrylate polymer, hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, field blue glue, humic acid, CMC glue, crushed winter melon, and crushed straw according to the proportion, mixing them uniformly to obtain a mixed material; diluting the acidified melon water by 100 to 300 times and adding it to the mixed material, stirring until a uniform sprayable slurry is formed, and the composite soil remediation spray coating material is obtained. The preparation method of the acidified melon water comprises: crushing and pressing the winter melon waste, and separating the winter melon residue and winter melon juice; adding an acidifying agent to the winter melon juice, adjusting the pH to 3.5 to 4.5, and obtaining acidified winter melon juice.

[0048] The crushing treatment refers to the decomposition of the whole winter melon into small particles by mechanical cutting or extrusion, which can be realized by a blade type crusher or a roller press. The crushed winter melon is easier to mix with other materials and release internal organic components. The uniform mixing refers to the full contact of different forms of solid and liquid components through mechanical stirring, which can be realized by a double-shaft mixer or a spiral mixer to ensure the uniformity of material distribution. The dilution by 100 to 300 times refers to the mixing of acidified melon water and water according to the volume ratio, which can be controlled by a quantitative pump, for example, 99L to 299L of water is added to each liter of acidified melon water. The diluted liquid is easier to penetrate into the interior of the mixed material. The acidifying agent refers to a chemical substance that can reduce the pH value of the solution, which can be realized by citric acid and acetic acid bacteria. Adjusting the pH to 3.5 to 4.5 can inhibit the reproduction of harmful microorganisms and enhance the activity of humic acid.

[0049] Specifically, the wax gourd is broken down to form a porous structure, which, together with the crushed straw, forms the matrix framework. The potassium acrylate polymer and the tianqing glue form a three-dimensional network structure during the stirring process. The humic acid is activated by diluting and acidifying the wax gourd water and then cooperates with the CMC glue to enhance the water retention performance. The acidic environment of the acidified wax gourd water promotes the dissociation of active groups in the humic acid and dissolves the lignin components in the straw, so that the spray film material forms a breathable and stable cover layer on the surface of the saline-alkali soil.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the existing chemical remediation method needs to be applied multiple times and is prone to heavy metal accumulation. The present scheme forms a long-acting slow-release structure after a single spray through the synergistic effect of wax gourd waste and acidified wax gourd water. The existing biological remediation method depends on the growth cycle of salt-tolerant plants, while the present scheme uses the prefabricated spray film material to quickly build a planting groove matrix environment, shortening the soil improvement cycle before planting crops.

[0051] Through the above technical scheme, the present application solves the problem of low desalination efficiency of saline-alkali soil. The organic acid released by the broken wax gourd and the acidified wax gourd water jointly neutralize the alkalinity of the soil, and the colloidal structure formed by the humic acid and the CMC glue adsorbs the free salt ions. At the same time, the pore structure constructed by the straw and the potassium acrylate polymer enhances the soil permeability, promotes the colonization and reproduction of microorganisms in the matrix, and provides a stable environment for the growth of the subsequent crop roots.

[0052] The present application further proposes a preparation method of acidified wax gourd water, which at least includes the following steps: crushing and pressing the wax gourd waste, separating the wax gourd residue and wax gourd juice water, adding an acidifying agent to the wax gourd juice water, and adjusting the pH to 3.5-4.5 to obtain acidified wax gourd juice water.

[0053] The acidifying agent refers to a chemical substance used to adjust the pH of a liquid. Specifically, acidic substances such as citric acid and acetic acid bacteria can be used to achieve this. By controlling the pH value, the wax gourd juice water forms an acidic environment suitable for microbial activity. Adjusting the pH to 3.5-4.5 means adjusting the acidity of the wax gourd juice water to a weakly acidic range. This can be achieved by adding the acidifying agent drop by drop and monitoring the pH value in real time. This range can inhibit the reproduction of harmful microorganisms and promote the release of active ingredients in the subsequent spray film material.

[0054] Specifically, the wax gourd waste is crushed and pressed to separate into solid residue and liquid juice. The juice contains natural organic acids and soluble nutrients. The addition of the acidifying agent stabilizes the pH of the juice in the weakly acidic range. This condition can effectively activate the activity of components such as humic acid and tianqing glue, while avoiding the premature coagulation of colloidal substances caused by alkaline environment. When the acidified juice is combined with the mixture, its acidic environment can promote the synergistic effect of potassium acrylate polymer and humic acid, forming a colloidal network structure with ion exchange capacity.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the existing chemical repair method needs to rely on purchased acidic reagents for soil acidification treatment, while the method directly utilizes the characteristics of the wax gourd juice itself, accurately regulates the pH value of the acidifying agent, reduces the raw material cost, and avoids soil pollution caused by the introduction of exogenous chemicals. The traditional acidification process usually uses a single strong acid to adjust, which is easy to cause local over-acidification and damage the effective components. However, the method realizes uniform control of the pH value by adding the acidifying agent in stages and combining real-time monitoring.

[0056] Through the above technical scheme, the application can fully utilize the natural organic acid resources of wax gourd waste, form a stable active carrier through controllable acidification treatment, improve the ion adsorption capacity and colloidal stability of the spray film material in saline-alkali soil, and reduce the use amount of exogenous chemical additives, realizing the dual improvement of waste resource utilization and soil repair effect.

[0057] The application further proposes that the stirring speed is 150 rpm to 450 rpm, and the stirring time is 20 min to 60 min.

[0058] The stirring speed refers to the rotational speed of the mixed materials in the container under the action of mechanical force, which can be realized by using a variable frequency speed regulation stirring device. The speed range can ensure that the solid particles and liquid components are in full contact without excessive shearing. The stirring time refers to the duration of the continuous mixing of the materials in the stirring container, which can be set by a timing controller. The time range ensures that the components are fully reacted and avoids excessive energy consumption.

[0059] Specifically, when preparing the composite soil repair spray film material, after the diluted acidified wax gourd water and the mixed materials are added to the stirring device, the stirring device is controlled to operate at a speed of 150 rpm to 450 rpm to make the slurry form a uniform flow state, and the stirring time is maintained for 20 min to 60 min to promote the cross-linking of the potassium acrylate polymer, the straw, and the wax gourd residue, and form a spray film slurry with stable viscoelasticity.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the stirring parameters in the existing saline-alkali soil repair material preparation process lack targeted design, which can easily lead to uneven dispersion of colloids or incomplete reaction. However, the present scheme limits the cooperative range of speed and time, which avoids the destruction of colloidal structure caused by high-speed stirring and prevents the stratification of components caused by insufficient stirring time.

[0061] Through the above technical scheme, the application can ensure that the spray film material forms a uniform viscoelastic structure, improve its adhesion and water retention performance on the surface of saline-alkali soil, and avoid colloidal aggregation or reaction residues caused by insufficient stirring intensity or time, so that the repair material forms a continuous and stable cover after spraying.

[0062] The stirring speed is 150 rpm to 450 rpm, and the stirring time is 20 to 60 minutes.

[0063] The stirring speed is the number of revolutions per minute of the mechanical device during the stirring process of the mixed materials, which can be realized by using a variable frequency speed regulation stirring device, and by controlling the speed range, the materials are fully mixed but the component structure is avoided from being damaged by excessive shearing. The stirring time is the time length of the continuous mixing of the materials in the stirring container, which can be realized by using a timing controller, and by setting the time range, the materials are uniformly dispersed but the energy waste is avoided.

[0064] Specifically, the mixed materials are mechanically stirred at a speed of 150 rpm to 450 rpm, so that the potassium acrylate polymer, the tianqing glue and the like are fully contacted with the crushed wax gourd residues and straws. The stirring process for 20 to 60 minutes promotes the reaction of the humic acid and the active substances in the acidified wax gourd water, and forms a viscous slurry with a three-dimensional network structure. In this process, too low a speed may lead to uneven dispersion of the colloid components, and too high a speed may easily lead to the breaking of the straw fibers; too short a time cannot realize sufficient reaction, and too long a time causes energy loss.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the stirring parameters in the preparation of conventional saline-alkali soil repair materials are usually not systematically optimized, for example, a fixed speed or a random stirring time is used, which leads to uneven mixing of the materials or degradation of the effective components. The present scheme limits the cooperative range of the speed and the time, avoids the material layering or agglomeration phenomenon in the traditional method, and reduces the energy consumption caused by excessive stirring.

[0066] Through the above technical scheme, the present application realizes the uniform dispersion of the colloid components and the organic carrier in the mixed materials, promotes the sufficient reaction of the humic acid and the acidified wax gourd water, and forms a stable spray film material structure; at the same time, by optimizing the stirring parameter range, the device energy consumption is reduced under the premise of ensuring the mixing effect, and the technical contradiction between low mixing efficiency and difficult energy consumption control in the preparation process of the traditional saline-alkali soil repair material is solved.

[0067] The stirring speed is 150 rpm to 450 rpm, and the stirring time is 20 to 60 minutes.

[0068] The stirring speed is the speed of the mechanical device during the stirring process of the mixed materials, which can be controlled by using a speed regulation motor or a frequency converter, and by adjusting the speed range, the materials are ensured to form a uniform fluid state during the mixing process. The stirring time is the time length of the materials staying in the stirring device, which can be set by using a timer or an automatic control system, so as to ensure that the components are fully contacted and form a stable colloid structure.

[0069] Specifically, after the broken wax gourd and the crushed straw are mixed with potassium acrylate polymer, hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, Tianqing glue, humic acid and CMC glue, the diluted acidified wax gourd water is added, the stirring speed is controlled in the range of 150 rpm to 450 rpm, and the stirring time is controlled in the range of 20 min to 60 min, so that the material gradually forms a viscous and uniformly dispersed slurry under the action of shear force. In this process, moderate speed avoids the destruction of colloid structure caused by excessive shear force, and prevents insufficient mixing caused by too low speed; reasonable stirring time ensures that the colloid molecular chain is fully stretched and stably combined with ions in saline-alkali soil.

[0070] Compared with the prior art, the uniformity of the material is poor or the stability of the colloid is insufficient in the preparation process of the existing saline-alkali soil repair material, and the present application solves the problem of performance fluctuation of the material caused by uneven mixing or insufficient reaction in the prior art by limiting the cooperative range of speed and time.

[0071] Through the above technical scheme, the present application realizes uniform coverage of the spray film material in the saline-alkali soil, avoids the difference in desalination efficiency caused by uneven dispersion of the material in the local area, and reduces the loss of the repair material in the soil through the stable colloid structure, prolonging the effective action period of the soil improvement.

[0072] The present application further proposes a method for preparing a substrate laid in a planting groove in a saline-alkali soil using wax gourd waste, the stirring speed is 150 rpm to 450 rpm, and the stirring time is 20 min to 60 min.

[0073] The stirring speed refers to the rotation speed of the stirrer when mixing the material, which can be realized by adjusting the motor power through a mechanical stirring device, and the speed range can balance the shear force and mixing efficiency of the material. The stirring time refers to the duration of continuous mixing of the material in the stirring container, which can be controlled by setting a timing device to ensure that the material is fully dispersed and forms a uniform slurry.

[0074] Specifically, in the preparation process, the mixed material is composed of broken wax gourd, crushed straw and various polymer components, and the stirring speed and time are controlled to ensure that the components are fully contacted in the medium of diluted acidified wax gourd water. Too low speed may cause uneven dispersion of the material, and too high speed may damage the polymer structure; too short time may leave unmixed particles, and too long time may increase energy consumption. By limiting the cooperative range of speed and time, a spray slurry with stable rheological properties can be formed, which is convenient for subsequent laying and application.

[0075] In some specific embodiments, the stirring device can be a planetary stirrer with variable frequency speed regulation function, for example, the speed is set to 300 rpm and the stirring time is 40 min, so that the slurry reaches the appropriate viscosity.

[0076] Compared with the prior art, the mixing process of the conventional saline-alkali soil repair material usually does not clearly define the stirring parameters, resulting in uneven dispersion of the materials or excessive energy consumption. The present scheme optimizes the stirring conditions, avoids local salinity fluctuations caused by insufficient mixing, and reduces invalid stirring time, thereby improving the material performance stability and preparation efficiency.

[0077] Through the above technical scheme, the present application can ensure the uniform dispersion of each component of the repair material, form a continuous cover layer on the saline-alkali soil surface, effectively block the upward movement of salt and improve the soil structure, and at the same time reduce the energy consumption in the preparation process.

[0078] The present application further proposes a method for preparing a substrate for laying in a saline-alkali soil planting groove using discarded wax gourd, the stirring speed is 150 rpm to 450 rpm, and the stirring time is 20 min to 60 min.

[0079] The stirring speed refers to the speed of the mechanical device rotating during the mixing of the materials, which can be realized by a variable frequency speed stirring machine. This parameter range can ensure that the materials are fully dispersed and avoid local overheating. The stirring time refers to the duration of the materials staying in the stirring container, which can be set by a timing controller. This time range can ensure that the colloid is fully dissolved and forms a stable combination with organic matter.

[0080] Specifically, when the diluted acidified wax gourd water is added to the mixed materials, the stirring device is controlled to operate at a speed of 150 rpm to 450 rpm for 20 min to 60 min, so that the potassium acrylate polymer and humic acid are uniformly dispersed under the action of shear force, and the Tianqing glue and CMC glue form a three-dimensional network structure under the action of mechanical energy. During this process, the straw and wax gourd broken materials are intertwined under the action of fluid, the active groups of hydrolyzed poly-maleic anhydride react with the surface of organic matter, and finally a continuous phase structure of the sprayed body is formed.

[0081] Compared with the prior art, conventional soil repair material preparation usually uses fixed speed or short time stirring, which easily leads to colloid aggregation or uneven distribution of fibers. The present scheme overcomes the problem of easy stratification of high-viscosity materials by limiting the speed and time range, and avoids energy waste caused by long-time high-speed stirring.

[0082] Through the above technical scheme, the present application realizes the full compounding of the colloid modifier and the organic waste, and the sprayed body formed can maintain a stable porous structure after being laid on the saline-alkali soil, promoting soil granulation and improving water retention capacity. The material mixing efficiency is improved, and the energy consumption in the preparation process is controlled within a reasonable range.

[0083] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0084] The above description has been presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Furthermore, the purpose of the above description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure to the form disclosed herein. Although various example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate a variety of modifications, alternatives, permutations, additions, and sub-combinations of the described aspects and embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a substrate for laying in a saline-alkali land planting trough using wax gourd waste, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials: wax gourd, straw, 10% potassium acrylate polymer, 10% hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, 15% tianqing gum, 40% humic acid, 25% CMC glue, and acidified wax gourd water.

2. The method for preparing a substrate for laying in a saline-alkali land planting trough using wax gourd waste according to claim 1, wherein: The wax gourd is a product obtained by crushing fresh wax gourd.

3. The method of preparing a substrate for laying in a saline-alkali land planting trough using wax gourd waste according to claim 1, wherein: The straw is crop straw that is crushed to a particle size of 0.1 to 5 mm.

4. The method for preparing a substrate for laying in a saline-alkali land planting trough using wax gourd waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 crushes the wax gourd and pulverizes the straw; S2: Weigh potassium acrylate polymer, hydrolyzed polymaleic anhydride, tianqing gum, humic acid, CMC gum, crushed wax gourd and crushed straw according to proportion and mix them evenly to obtain a mixed material; S3: diluting the acidified melon water by 100 to 300 times, adding the mixture to the above-mentioned mixed material, and stirring until a uniform sprayable slurry is formed, thereby obtaining the composite soil remediation spray film material. The method for preparing the acidified melon juice comprises at least the following steps: S3-1: crushing and squeezing the wax gourd waste to separate the wax gourd residue and wax gourd juice; S3-2: adding an acidifier to the wax gourd juice and adjusting the pH to 3.5-4.5 to obtain acidified wax gourd juice.

5. The method for preparing a substrate for laying in a saline-alkali land planting trough using wax gourd waste according to claim 4, wherein: The stirring speed is 150-450 rpm, and the stirring time is 20-60 min.