Intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure cooperative control system and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drainage control, in particular to an intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure cooperative control system and method. The system comprises a drainage pipeline module, a positioning adjustment module, an intelligent pump control module, a monitoring sensing module, a cooperative control module and a man-machine interaction module, and can be used for establishing a cerebrospinal fluid drainage channel and being connected with a drainage bag; a laser positioning pen fixed on the infusion rod emits a laser beam which is horizontal to a preset drainage plane and adjusts the hanging height; an infusion pump and a pump body controller drive cerebrospinal fluid to flow according to set parameters and generate flow velocity, flow and drainage time control signals, meanwhile, real-time intracranial pressure data, real-time flow and flow velocity data and physical sign data are collected, and a drainage height adjusting instruction or a pump control parameter adjusting instruction is generated; cooperative control over the drainage rate and the intracranial pressure is achieved, and system operation parameters, patient monitoring data and the drainage state are displayed. The drainage device can accurately control the drainage amount of cerebrospinal fluid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drainage control technology, and in particular to an intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system and control method. Background Art

[0002] Following neurosurgery, patients often require cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage to reduce intracranial pressure and prevent complications such as hydrocephalus. Precise control of CSF drainage volume ensures an appropriate amount of fluid is drained, effectively reducing intracranial pressure without causing complications like intracranial hypotension syndrome due to over-drainage. Insufficient or slow drainage may fail to effectively reduce intracranial pressure, leading to complications such as hydrocephalus and cerebral edema; conversely, excessive or rapid drainage can cause intracranial hypotension syndrome, resulting in symptoms such as headache, dizziness, and nausea, and may even damage brain tissue. Therefore, precise control of CSF drainage volume is crucial for patients after neurosurgery, ensuring patient safety and surgical outcomes. Typically, doctors will develop an appropriate drainage plan based on the patient's specific condition, surgical method, and postoperative recovery, closely monitoring the patient's condition and making timely adjustments.

[0003] Furthermore, Chinese patent CN107096078A discloses a cerebrospinal fluid drainage device, comprising a drainage tube, a reservoir, and a suction pump; the proximal end of the drainage tube, the reservoir, and the air inlet of the suction pump are connected sequentially by a tube; the reservoir can hold liquid; the liquid does not flow into the air inlet of the suction pump until the reservoir is full. This invention can control the cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate throughout the surgical procedure, preventing brain tissue damage caused by excessively rapid ventricular decompression. However, it mainly relies on the suction pump to adjust the corresponding cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate through pressure control. Additionally, currently, common clinical methods for controlling drainage are divided into pressure control and flow control. When using pressure control, the doctor will determine a relatively fixed drainage height based on the patient's intracranial pressure. This drainage method typically does not set a drainage volume requirement, utilizing atmospheric pressure, such as a suction pump, to achieve relatively stable intracranial pressure control. In current clinical practice, pressure-controlled drainage often uses graduated drainage rods as a reference point for a fixed height. However, this method of height setting is easily influenced by observation position and individual judgment, hindering precise control of cerebrospinal fluid drainage. Similarly, flow-controlled drainage involves doctors setting a target 24-hour drainage volume based on the patient's cerebrospinal fluid production rate and target pressure. This method primarily requires uniform cerebrospinal fluid drainage, adjusting the drainage plane height according to the target volume to control the total amount. In current clinical practice, flow-controlled drainage requires nurses to observe the patient regularly and adjust the drainage based on their position. Patients undergoing flow-controlled drainage are often required to remain strictly in bed to avoid drastic changes in drainage rate due to positional changes. This method involves many uncontrollable factors, demanding high levels of nurse monitoring and strict restrictions on patient positioning, hindering efficient clinical work and reducing patient comfort. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems in existing cerebrospinal fluid drainage control processes, this invention provides a drainage system that utilizes infrared light as a positioning device to control the drainage height, reducing errors from visual observation and enabling precise control of the drainage height for a more ideal drainage effect. Simultaneously, by utilizing the component module of an infusion pump and controlling parameters such as drainage rate, flow rate, and drainage time through the pump's controller, automatic drainage is achieved, reducing the frequency of manual operation, improving the accuracy of drainage volume, increasing the efficiency of medical staff, and minimizing errors from manual operation. Secondly, utilizing the intelligent control function of the infusion pump, uniform drainage of cerebrospinal fluid can be achieved, avoiding problems such as cerebral edema or low intracranial pressure caused by excessively rapid drainage, and problems such as hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure caused by excessively slow drainage. This can effectively improve the intracranial adaptability of postoperative patients and allow patients who only need to control the drainage volume to freely change their position without being restricted by the drainage plane, thus improving patient comfort. This reduces the incidence of pressure injuries and deep vein thrombosis caused by prolonged fixed-position bed rest. The intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system includes:

[0005] The drainage tubing module is used to establish a cerebrospinal fluid drainage channel. It includes a corresponding drainage tube implanted in the patient's body, an infusion set with a Murphy tube, and a drainage bag. The corresponding end of the drainage tube is provided with a three-way interface. One end of the infusion set is connected to the three-way interface, and the other end is connected to the drainage bag.

[0006] The positioning adjustment module includes an infusion rod with pulleys and hooks, a laser positioning pen fixed on the infusion rod, and a height driving device. The laser positioning pen can emit a laser beam that is horizontal to a preset drainage plane, and the height driving device is used to adjust the suspension height of the laser positioning pen and the drainage bag.

[0007] The intelligent pump control module includes an infusion pump and a pump body controller that can control the drip rate of liquid. The infusion pump is adapted to the infusion set and is used to drive the cerebrospinal fluid to flow according to set parameters. The pump body controller has a built-in drainage parameter database, which can receive input commands and generate flow rate, flow volume and drainage time control signals.

[0008] The monitoring and sensing module includes an intracranial pressure sensor, a flow sensor, and a vital signs monitoring unit. The intracranial pressure sensor is implanted in the patient's cranium or integrated into the drainage tube to collect real-time intracranial pressure data. The flow sensor is located at the Murphy tube of the infusion set to monitor real-time cerebrospinal fluid flow rate data. The vital signs monitoring unit is used to collect vital signs data corresponding to changes in the patient's blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, and pupils.

[0009] The collaborative control module is connected to the positioning adjustment module, the intelligent pump control module, and the monitoring and sensing module respectively. It is used to receive real-time intracranial pressure data, real-time cerebrospinal fluid flow rate data, and vital sign data, and generate drainage height adjustment commands or pump control parameter adjustment commands to achieve collaborative control of drainage rate and intracranial pressure.

[0010] The human-computer interaction module includes a touch screen and a command input unit, which is used to display system operating parameters, patient monitoring data and drainage status, and to receive preset drainage parameters, drainage plane height and mode switching commands input by medical staff.

[0011] This invention provides an integrated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage system. Through the coordinated operation of multiple modules, it achieves precise and intelligent regulation of CSF drainage, demonstrating significant clinical application value. Firstly, the drainage tubing module ensures a tight connection between the drainage tube and the patient's body. A safe and reliable drainage channel is formed using a three-way connector, Murphy tube, and drainage bag, guaranteeing normal CSF drainage. The positioning and adjustment module, through the combination of infrared laser positioning and a height-driven device, precisely adjusts the suspension height of the drainage bag, ensuring that the CSF flow meets preset requirements during drainage, avoiding errors associated with traditional manual adjustments and improving drainage accuracy. The intelligent pump control module introduces a liquid drip rate control function. Combined with the drainage parameter database built into the pump controller, it can automatically adjust the CSF flow rate, volume, and drainage time based on real-time data, greatly enhancing the autonomous control capability during drainage. The monitoring and sensing module provides real-time monitoring of intracranial pressure, flow rate, and vital signs, enabling timely collection of the patient's physiological status and providing doctors with accurate decision-making information. The introduction of the collaborative control module enables the entire system to adjust the relationship between drainage rate and intracranial pressure based on the patient's real-time physiological data, ensuring the safety and efficiency of the drainage process. Finally, the touchscreen display and command input unit of the human-computer interaction module allow medical staff to easily view and input parameters, monitor the patient's status in real time, and make timely adjustments. This integrated intelligent control system not only improves the accuracy and safety of cerebrospinal fluid drainage but also reduces the workload of medical staff, effectively lowers the risk of human error, and significantly improves postoperative intracranial adaptability. It also allows patients who only require drainage volume control to freely change position without being restricted by the drainage plane, thereby improving patient comfort.

[0012] Preferably, the laser positioning pen includes an infrared laser pen, an angle calibration sensor, and a laser intensity adjuster. The infrared laser pen can emit a visible laser beam with a wavelength of 635-650nm. The angle calibration sensor is used to detect the angle between the laser beam and the horizontal plane to ensure that the laser beam remains horizontal with the preset drainage plane. The laser intensity adjuster can adjust the output power of the laser beam according to the ambient light intensity. The laser positioning pen has scale markings on its surface to intuitively display the height value of the drainage plane corresponding to the current laser beam.

[0013] The laser positioning pen of this invention effectively improves the positioning accuracy of the drainage plane. By employing a visible laser beam with a wavelength of 635-650nm, precise adjustment of the drainage plane can be made within the visible range, ensuring that the laser beam remains consistent with the horizontal plane. The addition of an angle calibration sensor further ensures that the laser beam angle remains in a horizontal position, avoiding errors caused by laser beam skew. This not only improves positioning accuracy but also provides real-time feedback during actual operation, avoiding interference from human factors and ensuring that the drainage plane remains consistent with the target. In addition, the laser intensity adjuster automatically adjusts the output power of the laser beam according to changes in ambient light, ensuring that the laser beam is clearly visible in different environments and is unaffected by external lighting conditions. Finally, the scale markings on the surface of the laser positioning pen intuitively display the height relationship between the laser beam and the drainage plane, allowing operators to easily confirm the height of the drainage plane, reducing operational errors and improving overall operational efficiency and accuracy.

[0014] Preferably, the height driving device includes a servo motor, a gear transmission mechanism, and a displacement sensor. The servo motor is electrically connected to the collaborative control module, and can receive the drainage height adjustment command and drive the gear transmission mechanism to operate. The gear transmission mechanism is connected to the hooks corresponding to the laser positioning pen and the drainage bag, and is used to drive the two to rise and fall synchronously along the infusion rod. The displacement sensor is used to collect the height position data of the laser positioning pen in real time and feed it back to the collaborative control module to form a closed-loop adjustment.

[0015] This invention solves the problem of traditional manual adjustment's inability to quickly and accurately adjust drainage height by introducing a height-driving device, specifically a combination of a servo motor and a gear transmission mechanism. The precise control of the servo motor allows for accurate adjustment of the drainage plane height according to real-time needs, ensuring the flexibility and efficiency of the drainage operation. The connection between the gear transmission mechanism and the laser positioning pen and drainage bag hook ensures that these two components can rise and fall synchronously, further improving the stability and accuracy of the adjustment. The use of a displacement sensor provides real-time height data, ensuring the system can provide real-time feedback and make adjustments, enabling the entire system to form a closed-loop control, greatly improving the system's automation level and response speed. This not only reduces the need for manual intervention but also ensures the accuracy and consistency of data during height adjustment, guaranteeing operational safety and reliability.

[0016] Preferably, the intelligent pump control module further includes a pump status monitoring unit and a flow calibration component. The pump status monitoring unit includes a pressure sensor and a motor speed sensor, used to detect the working pressure of the infusion pump and the speed of the servo motor to determine whether the pump is operating normally. The flow calibration component can calibrate the drive parameters of the infusion pump based on the actual flow data collected by the flow sensor to ensure that the deviation between the actual flow rate and the set flow rate does not exceed ±3%. The pump controller can store at least 100 sets of historical drainage parameter records for patients and supports data export and retrospective analysis.

[0017] The introduction of the intelligent pump control module in this invention makes the adjustment of the infusion pump in the entire system more intelligent and automated. The pump status monitoring unit, by monitoring the working data of the pressure sensor and motor speed sensor in real time, can promptly detect abnormalities in the operation of the infusion pump, preventing drainage problems caused by pump malfunctions. This intelligent monitoring mechanism greatly improves the stability and safety of the pump. The design of the flow calibration component ensures that the deviation between the actual flow rate and the set flow rate is controlled within a reasonable range, ensuring that the system can accurately control the drainage rate, avoiding potential risks caused by flow fluctuations, and guaranteeing the patient's treatment effect. The pump controller can store a large number of historical records of patient drainage parameters, facilitating subsequent data analysis and retrospection, enhancing the system's traceability and data management capabilities, and providing clinical medical staff with a powerful decision support tool.

[0018] Preferably, the intracranial pressure sensor of the monitoring sensing module is a fiber optic pressure sensor with a measurement range of -50 to +300 mmH2O, a resolution of ≤1 mmH2O, and a sampling frequency of 10-100 Hz. The flow sensor adopts the ultrasonic Doppler principle and can detect cerebrospinal fluid flow of 0.1-100 ml / h. The vital signs monitoring unit includes an electrocardiogram monitor, a non-invasive blood pressure monitor, and a pupil detector, which can collect and transmit heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and pupil diameter data in real time.

[0019] The monitoring and sensing module in this invention provides comprehensive real-time data acquisition capabilities through a combination of multiple sensors, greatly enhancing the system's monitoring accuracy and reliability. The fiber optic intracranial pressure sensor boasts high precision and rapid response, accurately measuring changes in intracranial pressure and providing a basis for subsequent drainage adjustments. The flow sensor, employing the ultrasonic Doppler principle, achieves high-precision measurement even at low flow rates, crucial for accurate cerebrospinal fluid drainage. Simultaneously, the vital signs monitoring unit, by acquiring real-time data such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and pupil diameter, comprehensively reflects the patient's physiological state, providing multi-dimensional reference data for clinical practice. This data, through integration and analysis, provides more precise parameter support for the collaborative control module, ensuring the entire system can be precisely adjusted according to the patient's actual needs during operation, improving treatment effectiveness and patient safety.

[0020] Preferably, the collaborative control module includes a data processing unit, a PID adjustment unit, and a mode switching unit. The data processing unit can filter and reduce noise on the received real-time intracranial pressure data, real-time cerebrospinal fluid flow rate data, and vital sign data to generate characteristic parameters. The PID adjustment unit can calculate the height adjustment amount based on the deviation between the preset drainage pressure target value and the actual intracranial pressure, and generate a control signal for the height driving device, or generate adjustment parameters for the infusion pump based on the deviation between the preset flow rate and the actual flow rate. The mode switching unit can switch between a flow control mode and a pressure control mode. In the flow control mode, the drainage rate is preferentially adjusted through the intelligent pump control module, and in the pressure control mode, the drainage plane height is preferentially controlled through the positioning adjustment module.

[0021] This invention's collaborative control module, through the coordinated operation of a data processing unit, a PID control unit, and a mode switching unit, enables the entire system to flexibly switch and automatically adjust according to different patient needs. The data processing unit effectively removes external interference by filtering and reducing noise in real-time data, ensuring data accuracy and reliability, thus providing a precise basis for subsequent adjustments. The PID control unit automatically adjusts based on actual deviations, ensuring the system can respond in real-time to changes in the patient's condition, providing optimal drainage effects in both flow control and pressure control modes. In flow control mode, the intelligent pump control module prioritizes adjusting the flow rate to ensure stable cerebrospinal fluid drainage; while in pressure control mode, the system prioritizes adjusting the height of the drainage plane to ensure stable intracranial pressure. Through this mode switching mechanism, the system can flexibly adjust to different clinical needs, greatly improving system adaptability and therapeutic efficacy, while also reducing the operational burden on medical personnel.

[0022] Preferably, the human-computer interaction module also includes a voice prompt unit and an alarm unit. The voice prompt unit can issue operation guidance, parameter confirmation, and abnormality reminder voices based on system operating parameters, patient monitoring data, and drainage status. The alarm unit includes an audible and visual alarm device. When the intracranial pressure exceeds the preset range (specifically, below 50 mmH2O or above 200 mmH2O), the drainage flow rate is abnormal (specifically, deviating from the set value by more than ±20%), the drainage tube is blocked, or the system malfunctions, different levels of alarm signals can be issued. The touch screen is a high-definition touch screen that can simultaneously display real-time pressure curves, flow trend graphs, and a list of vital signs parameters.

[0023] The voice prompt unit in the human-computer interaction module of this invention can promptly issue operation guidance, parameter confirmation, and abnormality alerts based on system operating parameters, patient monitoring data, and drainage status. This reduces visual attention for medical staff, especially in busy clinical environments, allowing them to handle multiple tasks simultaneously and improving work efficiency. For example, when the system detects that drainage parameters need adjustment, voice prompts can quickly guide medical staff to perform the operation, avoiding operational errors due to missed information. For patients, clear voice prompts allow them to understand their drainage status, reducing anxiety caused by uncertainty. The alarm unit's audible and visual alarm device issues different levels of alarm signals when intracranial pressure exceeds a preset range (below 50 mmH2O or above 200 mmH2O), drainage flow rate is abnormal (deviating from the set value by more than ±20%), drainage tube blockage, or system malfunction. Different alarm levels allow medical staff to quickly assess the urgency of the situation, prioritize critical situations, and buy valuable treatment time for patients. The 10.1-inch high-definition touchscreen can simultaneously display real-time pressure curves, flow trend graphs, and a list of vital signs parameters. This intuitive and comprehensive data display allows medical staff to monitor the patient's drainage status and vital signs at any time, enabling them to promptly identify potential problems and make accurate judgments, providing a strong basis for developing treatment plans. Furthermore, the use of a high-definition screen reduces the difficulty for medical staff in reading data, minimizing medical risks caused by data misinterpretation and significantly improving the safety and reliability of medical services.

[0024] Preferably, the drainage tubing module further includes an anti-backflow component and a blockage detection unit. The anti-backflow component is located between the infusion set and the drainage bag and adopts a one-way valve structure to prevent the drainage fluid from flowing back into the infusion set. The blockage detection unit includes a pressure differential sensor located inside the drainage tube to detect the pressure difference between the two ends of the drainage tube. When the pressure difference exceeds 50 mmH2O, the drainage tube is determined to be blocked. The Murphy tube is equipped with a liquid level sensor to monitor the liquid level in the tube. When the liquid level is lower than a preset value, a fluid replenishment reminder is triggered.

[0025] The anti-reflux component in the drainage tube module of this invention is located between the infusion set and the drainage bag, employing a one-way valve structure to effectively prevent drainage fluid from flowing back into the infusion set. This design fundamentally avoids the infection risk that may result from drainage fluid reflux, ensuring patient safety. In clinical treatment, infection is a significant factor leading to various complications; the application of the anti-reflux component significantly reduces this risk, alleviating patient suffering and treatment burden, and also reducing additional medical costs caused by infection. The blockage detection unit includes a pressure differential sensor located within the drainage tube, used to detect the pressure difference between the two ends of the drainage tube. When the pressure difference exceeds 50 mmH2O, it is determined that the drainage tube is blocked. This precise blockage detection method can promptly identify drainage tube blockage problems, allowing medical staff to address them as early as possible and avoid affecting treatment outcomes due to poor drainage. If the drainage tube is blocked for a long time, it may lead to serious consequences such as increased intracranial pressure; timely treatment can effectively prevent such situations from occurring. The liquid level sensor on the Murphy tube monitors the liquid level inside the tube. When the liquid level falls below a preset value, it triggers a replenishment reminder, ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of replenishment. This avoids problems such as air entering the tubing due to low liquid levels, ensuring the stable operation of the drainage system and providing reliable support for the patient's continuous treatment. It also reduces the workload of medical staff who constantly monitor the liquid level, improving the efficiency of nursing care.

[0026] Preferably, the positioning adjustment module further includes a body position sensing unit, which includes a pressure sensor array and an angle sensor located under the patient's mattress. The body position sensing unit is used to detect the patient's body position and the head of the bed elevation angle, and transmits the body position data to the collaborative control module. The collaborative control module can automatically calculate the required adjustment of the drainage plane height compensation value according to the body position change, so as to adjust the height of the laser positioning pen and drainage bag in real time through the height driving device to ensure that the actual drainage pressure is consistent with the preset target.

[0027] The body position sensing unit in the positioning adjustment module of this invention includes a pressure sensor array and an angle sensor located under the patient's mattress. This allows for precise detection of the patient's position and headboard elevation angle, transmitting the position data to the collaborative control module. This function solves the clinical challenge of how changes in patient position affect drainage effectiveness. Patients inevitably change position during treatment, and these changes directly affect the height of the drainage plane, thus influencing drainage pressure. The body position sensing unit captures these changes in real time, providing accurate data support to the collaborative control module. The collaborative control module automatically calculates the required adjustment value for the drainage plane height based on the positional changes and adjusts the height of the laser positioning pen and drainage bag in real time via a height drive device, ensuring that the actual drainage pressure matches the preset target. This real-time dynamic adjustment method guarantees the stability and accuracy of the drainage effect, avoiding excessively high or low drainage pressure due to positional changes, thereby reducing the risk of related complications. For example, when the angle of the patient's head of bed changes, the system can quickly adjust to maintain appropriate drainage pressure, ensuring smooth intracranial drainage and creating favorable conditions for the patient's recovery. At the same time, it reduces the workload of medical staff due to frequent manual adjustment of drainage height, and improves the accuracy and efficiency of medical care.

[0028] Preferably, the collaborative control module incorporates a pressure-flow rate collaborative algorithm. This algorithm calculates the pressure-flow rate matching degree K=P / V under the current drainage state based on the real-time pressure data P collected by the intracranial pressure sensor and the real-time flow rate data V collected by the flow sensor. When the K value exceeds the normal range of 0.5-2.0 mmH2O·h / ml, the drainage parameters are automatically adjusted. In pressure control mode, if the K value > 2.0, the drainage plane height is reduced by 5-10 cm; if the K value < 0.5, the drainage plane height is increased by 5-10 cm. In flow control mode, if the K value > 2.0, the drainage flow rate is reduced by 5-10 ml / h; if the K value < 0.5, the drainage flow rate is increased by 5-10 ml / h.

[0029] The pressure-flow rate coordination algorithm built into the collaborative control module of this invention calculates the pressure-flow rate matching degree K=P / V under the current drainage state based on the real-time pressure data P collected by the intracranial pressure sensor and the real-time flow rate data V collected by the flow sensor. This algorithm provides a scientific basis for adjusting drainage parameters, avoiding the blindness of previous adjustments based on experience. When the K value exceeds the normal range of 0.5-2.0 mmH2O·h / ml, the system can automatically adjust the drainage parameters: in pressure control mode, if the K value > 2.0, the drainage plane height is reduced by 5-10 cm; if the K value < 0.5, the drainage plane height is increased by 5-10 cm; in flow control mode, if the K value > 2.0, the drainage flow rate is reduced by 5-10 ml / h; if the K value < 0.5, the drainage flow rate is increased by 5-10 ml / h. This automatic adjustment mechanism can quickly respond to changes in the drainage state, keeping the pressure and flow rate within a reasonable matching range, ensuring the effectiveness and safety of the drainage. Through precise control, brain tissue damage caused by excessive pressure can be avoided, and problems such as over- or under-drainage caused by improper flow rate can be prevented. This greatly improves the effectiveness of intracranial drainage treatment, promotes rapid patient recovery, and provides medical staff with more intelligent and reliable treatment support, reducing the risks caused by human error.

[0030] Preferably, the system also includes a wireless communication module and a remote monitoring unit. The wireless communication module uses Bluetooth or Wi-Fi technology to transmit system operating parameters, patient monitoring data, and drainage status to the hospital's local area network or cloud server in real time. The remote monitoring unit includes a doctor's workstation and a mobile terminal APP. Medical staff can view the drainage status, modify drainage parameters, and receive alarm information through the remote monitoring unit. The wireless communication module supports encrypted data transmission to ensure patient information security.

[0031] This invention's wireless communication module uses Bluetooth or Wi-Fi technology to transmit system operating parameters, patient monitoring data, and drainage status to the hospital's local area network or cloud server in real time, breaking the time and space limitations of traditional medical models. The remote monitoring unit includes a doctor's workstation and a mobile terminal APP, enabling medical staff to view drainage status, modify drainage parameters, and receive alarm information anytime, anywhere. This is significant for multi-departmental collaboration, emergency handling, and continuous patient monitoring. For example, when a patient experiences an emergency alarm, even if the doctor is not in the ward, they can receive the information and issue appropriate instructions promptly through the mobile terminal, shortening response time and improving emergency care efficiency. Simultaneously, medical staff can monitor the patient's condition in real time from different work locations, facilitating timely adjustments to treatment plans and improving the timeliness and flexibility of medical services. The wireless communication module supports encrypted data transmission, ensuring the security of patient information. In today's digital age, patient medical information falls under the category of privacy. Data encryption effectively prevents information leakage, protects patients' legitimate rights and interests, complies with information security standards and ethical requirements in the medical industry, enhances patients' trust in the medical system, and lays a solid foundation for building a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment, the second technical solution of the present invention is an intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control method, wherein the method is implemented based on the intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system described above, and the intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control method includes the following steps:

[0033] S01: Insert the drainage tube into the patient's body and secure it properly. Connect the infusion set with the Murphy tube through the three-way connector. Connect the other end of the infusion set to the drainage bag. Install the infusion set on the infusion pump. Turn on the system power to input the patient's basic information and preset the drainage mode, including flow control mode or pressure control mode, through the human-machine interaction module.

[0034] S02: If the flow control mode is selected, the drainage flow rate is set to 5-20ml / h, the total drainage volume is set to 50-500ml, and the drainage time is set to 6-72h via the command input unit. The intelligent pump control module stores the parameters in the drainage parameter database and generates an initial control signal. If the pressure control mode is selected, the target intracranial pressure is set to 80-180mmH2O and the reference height of the drainage plane is set. With the patient's external auditory canal or glabella as the reference point, within ±30cm, the positioning adjustment module drives the laser positioning pen to move to the corresponding height and emits a horizontal laser beam.

[0035] S03: The collaborative control module issues a start command, the intelligent pump control module drives the infusion pump to operate, or generates drainage force through the height difference of the drainage plane, and the monitoring sensor module begins to collect real-time intracranial pressure data, flow rate data and patient vital signs data, and transmits them to the collaborative control module.

[0036] S04: The collaborative control module processes the received data. In flow control mode, it compares the actual flow rate with the set flow rate and calculates the deviation. If the deviation is > ±5%, it generates a pump control parameter adjustment command to bring the actual flow rate back to the set value. At the same time, it monitors intracranial pressure. If the pressure is < 50 mmH2O or > 200 mmH2O, it issues an alarm and suggests switching to pressure control mode. In pressure control mode, it compares the actual intracranial pressure with the target pressure, calculates the height adjustment amount, and adjusts the height of the drainage bag through the height drive device to keep the pressure within the target range. When the body position sensing unit detects a change in the patient's body position, it automatically compensates for the height deviation to ensure that the drainage plane remains constant relative to the patient's body position.

[0037] S05: The human-machine interaction module displays various parameters and trend curves in real time. When there is blockage of the drainage tube, abnormal flow rate, excessive pressure or abnormal vital signs, the alarm unit issues an alarm signal of the corresponding level, and the voice prompt unit simultaneously broadcasts the cause of the abnormality and handling suggestions.

[0038] S06: When the set drainage volume or drainage time is reached, or when medical staff issue a termination command through the human-machine interaction module, the intelligent pump control module stops the infusion pump from running, and the collaborative control module records data such as the total drainage volume, average flow rate, and pressure change curve, generates a drainage report, and stores it.

[0039] The above-described drainage operation steps of this invention form a scientific closed-loop treatment system. Through standardized tubing connection procedures and preset human-computer interaction parameters, it reduces the randomness of human operation and provides a clear starting point for treatment. The input of basic patient information facilitates subsequent data traceability and personalized treatment adjustments. The selection of two drainage modes can adapt to different medical needs, improving the flexibility of treatment plans. Precise parameter ranges are set for different modes. The flow control mode's flow rate, total volume, and time parameter ranges cover common clinical treatment needs, and the data storage function of the intelligent pump control module supports the traceability of the treatment process. The pressure control mode uses anatomical landmarks as a reference for height positioning, combined with laser beam visualization guidance, significantly reducing the error in drainage plane setting and laying the foundation for precise pressure control. Secondly, by constructing a dynamic monitoring and adaptive adjustment mechanism, with the collaborative control module as the core hub, closed-loop control is achieved through real-time data comparison—a ±5% deviation correction accuracy in flow mode ensures the stability of the drainage speed, and the mode switching suggestion when pressure exceeds the limit reflects the priority of treatment safety; the body position compensation function in pressure mode solves the problem of drainage deviation caused by patient activity, ensuring that the treatment effect is not affected by changes in body position. Through multi-dimensional abnormal warnings and voice guidance, medical staff can quickly locate problems and take measures, significantly reducing the risk of complications. Furthermore, through automatic termination and data archiving functions, it not only reduces the workload of medical staff but also provides complete data support for treatment evaluation and plan optimization, thereby improving the overall safety, accuracy, and efficiency of drainage treatment.

[0040] The present invention has the following specific beneficial effects:

[0041] (1) A complete cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage channel is constructed using a drainage tube, an infusion set with a Murphy tube, and a drainage bag, providing a fundamental guarantee for the smooth drainage of CSF. The three-way connector design at the end of the drainage tube is highly practical, allowing for convenient tube switching, sampling, and testing during the drainage process without disassembling the entire tubing, reducing the risk of infection due to improper operation, and improving the convenience of medical procedures. The Murphy tube effectively monitors the drip rate and flow of CSF, facilitating real-time monitoring of the drainage situation and timely detection of abnormalities by medical staff. The connection between the infusion set and the drainage bag is tight and reliable, preventing CSF leakage and ensuring the hygiene and safety of the drainage process. This integrated tubing design not only simplifies the setup process of the drainage system but also ensures the continuity and stability of CSF drainage, providing solid hardware support for the patient's treatment effect, reducing the probability of complications caused by tubing problems, and greatly improving the safety of clinical treatment.

[0042] (2) The infusion pole with pulleys and hooks gives the entire device good mobility and flexibility, allowing it to be easily adjusted according to the patient's position and treatment needs, adapting to different ward environments and treatment scenarios. The laser positioning pen fixed to the infusion pole can emit a laser beam at the level of the preset drainage plane. This design realizes the visual positioning of the drainage plane, allowing medical staff to intuitively and accurately determine the height of the drainage plane, avoiding the errors caused by traditional experience-based judgment. The height drive device can precisely adjust the suspension height of the laser positioning pen and drainage bag to ensure that the height of the drainage plane meets the treatment requirements. Whether in the initial setting or when adjustments are needed during treatment, the height adjustment can be completed quickly and accurately, ensuring the stability of drainage pressure. This is crucial for maintaining the stability of intracranial pressure, effectively avoiding excessively high or low intracranial pressure caused by improper drainage plane height, reducing the occurrence of related complications, improving the accuracy and effectiveness of drainage treatment, and also reducing the workload of medical staff in manually adjusting the height, thus improving work efficiency.

[0043] (3) The infusion pump with controllable drip rate is adapted to the infusion set, enabling precise control of cerebrospinal fluid flow according to set parameters, thus achieving precise control of the drainage rate. Compared with traditional gravity drainage, this active control mode can better address individual differences and treatment needs of different patients, ensuring that the drainage rate remains stable within the preset range and avoiding adverse effects on patients caused by excessively fast or slow drainage. The drainage parameter database built into the pump controller provides data support for treatment, and can store and call different drainage parameter schemes, making it convenient for medical staff to quickly select appropriate treatment parameters according to the patient's condition. At the same time, the pump controller can receive input commands and generate flow rate, flow rate, and drainage time control signals, realizing automated control of the drainage process, reducing human intervention, and reducing operational errors. This not only improves the accuracy and consistency of drainage treatment, but also frees medical staff from tedious manual adjustment work, allowing them to devote more energy to patient observation and overall care, thus improving the quality and efficiency of medical services.

[0044] (4) Whether implanted in the patient's skull or integrated into the drainage tube, the intracranial pressure sensor can collect intracranial pressure data in real time, providing medical staff with direct and accurate intracranial pressure information, which is a key basis for judging the patient's condition and adjusting the drainage plan. By monitoring changes in intracranial pressure in real time, abnormal increases or decreases in intracranial pressure can be detected in time, allowing for timely intervention and treatment, and avoiding serious consequences such as brain damage caused by abnormal intracranial pressure. The flow sensor is located at the Murphy tube of the infusion set, which can accurately monitor the real-time flow rate of cerebrospinal fluid, allowing medical staff to keep track of the progress of drainage at any time and ensure that the drainage process meets the treatment expectations. The vital signs monitoring unit collects vital signs data such as the patient's blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, and pupillary changes, which can comprehensively reflect the patient's overall vital signs and closely integrate drainage treatment with the patient's overall condition. When abnormal vital signs data occur, it can promptly prompt medical staff to investigate whether it is related to drainage treatment, realizing comprehensive monitoring and protection of the patient, and improving the safety and reliability of treatment.

[0045] (5) The collaborative control module establishes communication connections with the positioning adjustment module, the intelligent pump control module, and the monitoring and sensing module, enabling it to receive real-time intracranial pressure data, cerebrospinal fluid flow rate and velocity data, and vital sign data from each module, thus achieving centralized processing and analysis of information. Through comprehensive analysis of these data, the collaborative control module can accurately generate drainage height adjustment commands or pump control parameter adjustment commands, achieving coordinated control of drainage rate and intracranial pressure. This collaborative control mechanism breaks down information barriers between modules, making the entire drainage system an organic whole, capable of dynamically adjusting treatment parameters according to the patient's real-time condition, ensuring that drainage treatment is always in the optimal state. For example, when intracranial pressure is detected to be elevated, the collaborative control module can promptly instruct the positioning adjustment module to lower the drainage bag height or instruct the intelligent pump control module to increase the drainage speed to reduce intracranial pressure; when intracranial pressure is too low, it will perform reverse adjustment. This rapid and precise collaborative response greatly improves the effectiveness and safety of drainage treatment, providing strong support for the patient's recovery.

[0046] (6) The value of the human-computer interaction module is mainly reflected in improving operational convenience and information transparency. The touch screen can clearly display system operating parameters, patient monitoring data, and drainage status, presenting complex treatment information to medical staff in an intuitive and easy-to-understand way, making it easier for them to quickly understand the operation of the entire drainage system and the patient's treatment status. Medical staff can easily input preset drainage parameters, drainage plane height, and mode switching commands through the command input unit. The operation is simple and quick, reducing the risk of errors caused by complex operation. This good human-computer interaction design enables medical staff to monitor and adjust drainage treatment more efficiently and make timely modifications to the treatment plan according to changes in the patient's condition. At the same time, the clear information display also helps communication and collaboration among medical staff, improving the work efficiency of the medical team. For patients, although they do not directly operate this module, the transparent display of treatment information can also alleviate their tension to a certain extent, enhance their confidence in treatment, and thus promote the improvement of treatment effect. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the modules of the intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the diversion connection under the flow control mode of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage connection under the pressure control mode of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage pipeline module of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but this should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0053] To achieve the above objectives, please refer to Figures 1 to 4 Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system, comprising:

[0054] The drainage tubing module is used to establish a cerebrospinal fluid drainage channel. It includes a corresponding drainage tube implanted in the patient's body, an infusion set with a Murphy tube, and a drainage bag. The corresponding end of the drainage tube is provided with a three-way interface. One end of the infusion set is connected to the three-way interface, and the other end is connected to the drainage bag.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the drainage tube of the drainage tube module is made of medical-grade silicone rubber (inner diameter 1.2mm, outer diameter 2.0mm, length 30cm), with the distal end closed and three side holes (diameter 0.5mm, spacing 5mm) on the side wall. After being implanted into the patient's lateral ventricle, it is fixed by scalp sutures (fixation depth 5cm). The proximal end of the drainage tube is connected to a three-way connector (polycarbonate material, passage diameter 2mm). The first passage of the connector connects to the drainage tube, the second passage connects to an infusion set with a Murphy tube (total tube length 150cm, inner diameter 3mm, Murphy tube volume 10ml, with liquid level markings at the upper and lower ends), and the third passage is fitted with a heparin cap (silicone seal, pressure resistant to 300mmH2O). The end of the infusion set furthest from the Murphy tube is connected to the drainage bag (PVC material, 1000ml capacity, 10ml graduation accuracy, with a hanging hole at the top) via a threaded interface. All connections utilize a conical sealing structure (with a tolerance of ±0.1mm) to ensure no leakage (leakage <0.1ml after 1 hour at 200mmH2O pressure test). The entire tubing system is sterilized with ethylene oxide (residual amount <10μg / g), forming a sterile and sealed cerebrospinal fluid drainage channel.

[0056] The positioning adjustment module includes an infusion rod with pulleys and hooks, a laser positioning pen fixed on the infusion rod, and a height driving device. The laser positioning pen can emit a laser beam that is horizontal to a preset drainage plane, and the height driving device is used to adjust the suspension height of the laser positioning pen and the drainage bag.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, the infusion rod of the positioning adjustment module is made of aluminum alloy (25mm in diameter, 200cm in height), with casters at the bottom (movement resistance >50N after locking), and a T-shaped groove (10mm wide, 5mm deep) along the length of the rod. The laser positioning pen is connected to the groove via a slider. The component includes a 642nm wavelength laser pen (3mW output power, spot diameter <2mm), a dual-axis angle sensor (measurement range ±10°, accuracy ±0.1°), and a scale (minimum division 1mm, range 50cm). The servo motor (rated torque 0.5N・m) of the height drive device drives the component to rise and fall (speed 5mm / s, positioning accuracy ±0.5mm) through a gear and rack mechanism (module 1.0, transmission efficiency 90%). The drainage bag hook is rigidly connected to the component (10cm spacing) to ensure synchronous movement. The laser beam emitted by the laser pointer is calibrated by an angle sensor (automatic power-off warning when the deviation exceeds 0.5°) and keeps horizontal with the preset drainage plane (horizontal error < 0.2°). The hanging height is displayed intuitively by a ruler (e.g., the laser beam corresponds to the drainage plane reference at 120cm).

[0058] The intelligent pump control module includes an infusion pump and a pump body controller that can control the drip rate of liquid. The infusion pump is adapted to the infusion set and is used to drive the cerebrospinal fluid to flow according to set parameters. The pump body controller has a built-in drainage parameter database, which can receive input commands and generate flow rate, flow volume and drainage time control signals.

[0059] In this embodiment of the invention, the infusion pump of the intelligent pump control module is a peristaltic pump (containing 8 pressure rollers, 10mm in diameter, 5mm spacing), adapted to an infusion set with an inner diameter of 3mm. It generates flow rate (range 5-20ml / h, accuracy ±2%) by squeezing the tubing through the pressure rollers. The pump controller contains a 32-bit microprocessor and a built-in drainage parameter database (capable of storing 1000 records, each containing flow rate, flow rate, and time). It receives input commands via a touch panel (response time <500ms). When the flow rate is set to 12ml / h, the controller calculates the motor speed at 150rpm (speed accuracy ±1rpm) and generates a pulse control signal (frequency 50Hz, duty cycle 50%) to drive the motor. The pump body is equipped with a flow calibration component (which automatically starts every 24 hours, compares the actual value with the set value through the built-in flow sensor, and adjusts the motor parameters when the deviation is >3%), and is also equipped with a pressure sensor (measurement range -50 to 300 mmH2O, accuracy ±2 mmH2O) to monitor the pipeline pressure. When the pressure is >100 mmH2O, the speed is reduced by 10%, forming a closed-loop control to ensure that the cerebrospinal fluid flows according to the set parameters (e.g., when draining 200 ml in 24 hours, the flow deviation per hour is <0.5 ml).

[0060] The monitoring and sensing module includes an intracranial pressure sensor, a flow sensor, and a vital signs monitoring unit. The intracranial pressure sensor is implanted in the patient's cranium or integrated into the drainage tube to collect real-time intracranial pressure data. The flow sensor is located at the Murphy tube of the infusion set to monitor real-time cerebrospinal fluid flow rate data. The vital signs monitoring unit is used to collect vital signs data corresponding to changes in the patient's blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, and pupils.

[0061] In this embodiment of the invention, the intracranial pressure sensor of the monitoring sensing module is an optical fiber type (0.8 mm in diameter, 5 cm in length), integrated into the inner side of the proximal end of the drainage tube (10 cm from the side hole). It adopts the Fabry-Perot interferometry principle, with a measurement range of -50 to 300 mmH2O, a resolution of 0.5 mmH2O, and a sampling frequency of 50 Hz. The pressure signal is transmitted through an optical fiber cable (2 mm in diameter) (error < 1 mmH2O). The flow sensor is an ultrasonic Doppler type (12 mm in diameter probe, clamped in the middle of the Murphy tube), emitting 1 MHz ultrasound. It calculates the flow rate by detecting the frequency deviation generated by the liquid flow, with a measurement range of 0.1-100 ml / h, an accuracy of ±2%, and outputs flow rate data every 100 ms. The vital signs monitoring unit includes: a non-invasive blood pressure monitor (cuff width 12cm, measurement range 60-200mmHg, error ±3mmHg, automatic measurement every 5 minutes), ECG electrodes (attached to the fourth intercostal space on the left sternal border, sampling rate 250Hz, heart rate measurement range 30-200 beats / min, error ±1 beat / min), a respiration sensor (chest strap type, impedance method detection, range 8-60 beats / min, error ±1 beat / min), and a pupil detector (infrared camera resolution 640×480, sampling frequency 1Hz, pupil diameter measurement range 1-8mm, error ±0.2mm). All vital signs data are transmitted via shielded cables to ensure anti-interference capability (signal-to-noise ratio > 60dB).

[0062] The collaborative control module is connected to the positioning adjustment module, the intelligent pump control module, and the monitoring and sensing module respectively. It is used to receive real-time intracranial pressure data, real-time cerebrospinal fluid flow rate data, and vital sign data, and generate drainage height adjustment commands or pump control parameter adjustment commands to achieve collaborative control of drainage rate and intracranial pressure.

[0063] In this embodiment of the invention, the collaborative control module employs a 32-bit industrial-grade microprocessor (1GHz clock speed), connected to the positioning and adjustment module, intelligent pump control module, and monitoring and sensing module via an RS485 interface (115200bps transmission rate), receiving data at 100ms intervals. The module incorporates a data processing algorithm, performing a 10-point moving average filter on the intracranial pressure data (removing noise with instantaneous fluctuations >5mmH2O) and standard deviation analysis on the flow rate data (eliminating outliers exceeding 3 times the standard deviation). When the received real-time intracranial pressure is 150mmH2O (target value 120mmH2O) and the flow rate is 10ml / h, a pressure deviation of 30mmH2O is calculated, generating a drainage height adjustment command: the height drive device is raised by 3cm (adjustment amount = deviation × 0.1cm / mmH2O). The command is sent as a pulse signal (500 pulses correspond to 1cm), with a response delay <50ms. If the flow rate deviation is > ±5% (set to 10ml / h, actual flow rate 8.5ml / h), a pump control parameter adjustment command is generated: the infusion pump speed is increased from 150rpm to 176rpm (adjustment amount = deviation × 10rpm / ml / h), ensuring the flow rate returns to the set value within 1 minute. The module has a built-in dual-mode control logic. In pressure control mode, height adjustment response has higher priority than pump control (executed 20ms in advance), and vice versa in flow control mode, achieving coordinated adjustment of drainage rate and intracranial pressure (adjustment accuracy ±2mmH2O or ±0.5ml / h).

[0064] The human-computer interaction module includes a touch screen and a command input unit, which is used to display system operating parameters, patient monitoring data and drainage status, and to receive preset drainage parameters, drainage plane height and mode switching commands input by medical staff.

[0065] In this embodiment of the invention, the touch screen of the human-computer interaction module is a 10.1-inch IPS screen (resolution 1920×1200, brightness 300cd / m², response time <200ms). The left side displays the intracranial pressure curve (vertical axis 0-300mmH2O, horizontal axis 60 minutes, curve update frequency 1Hz), the middle displays the flow-time trend graph (vertical axis 0-20ml / h), and the right side displays vital signs data (heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, pupil diameter) and system status (drainage mode, total drainage volume). The command input unit is a capacitive touch keyboard, including numeric keys (0-9) and function keys (mode switching, parameter confirmation, emergency stop). Input is triggered by a pressing pressure of 50-100g, with a false touch rate of <1%. Medical staff input preset drainage parameters via keyboard: in flow control mode, the flow rate is set to 12ml / h and the total volume to 200ml; in pressure control mode, the target pressure is set to 120mmH2O and the reference height +10cm. After input, a confirmation box pops up on the screen (displaying the parameter values ​​and units). Clicking "Confirm" stores the parameters in the collaborative control module (storage time <1s). Mode switching is triggered by the "Mode" button. During the switching process, the current parameters are smoothly transitioned (without abrupt changes) to ensure continuous and stable drainage.

[0066] Furthermore, the laser positioning pen includes an infrared laser pen, an angle calibration sensor, and a laser intensity adjuster. The infrared laser pen can emit a visible laser beam with a wavelength of 635-650nm. The angle calibration sensor is used to detect the angle between the laser beam and the horizontal plane to ensure that the laser beam remains horizontal with the preset drainage plane. The laser intensity adjuster can adjust the output power of the laser beam according to the ambient light intensity. The laser positioning pen has scale markings on its surface to intuitively display the height value of the drainage plane corresponding to the current laser beam.

[0067] In this embodiment of the invention, the infrared laser pen in the laser positioning pen emits a visible laser beam with a wavelength of 642nm. This wavelength has strong penetrating power in foggy environments and does not cause significant visual stimulation. The angle calibration sensor has a built-in dual-axis inclinometer with a measurement range of -15° to +15° and an accuracy of ±0.1°. It detects the angle between the laser beam and the horizontal plane in real time. When the detected angle deviates from 0°±0.5°, it triggers a mechanical fine-tuning structure (adjustment accuracy 0.05°) to ensure that the laser beam remains horizontal with the preset drainage plane. The laser intensity regulator senses the ambient light intensity through a photoresistor (detection range 10-10000 lux). In a strong operating room environment (8000 lux), the output power is adjusted to 5mW, and in a nighttime monitoring environment (50 lux), it is adjusted to 1mW to avoid the light spot being too bright or too dark. The component surface is engraved with millimeter-level scale markings along the direction of the infusion rod. The laser beam emission position is aligned with the scale "150mm", which intuitively displays that the current drainage plane height is 150mm. When the height changes, the corresponding scale moves synchronously, and medical staff can directly read the value.

[0068] Furthermore, the height driving device includes a servo motor, a gear transmission mechanism, and a displacement sensor. The servo motor is electrically connected to the collaborative control module and can receive the drainage height adjustment command and drive the gear transmission mechanism to operate. The gear transmission mechanism is connected to the hooks corresponding to the laser positioning pen and the drainage bag, and is used to drive the two to rise and fall synchronously along the infusion rod. The displacement sensor is used to collect the height position data of the laser positioning pen in real time and feed it back to the collaborative control module to form a closed-loop adjustment.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, the servo motor of the height driving device is a 57 series stepper motor with a rated speed of 3000 rpm. It receives drainage height adjustment commands (e.g., raising by 20 mm) sent by the collaborative control module via pulse signals. The gear transmission mechanism consists of a drive gear (module 1.0, number of teeth 20) and a rack (length 500 mm, tooth pitch 3.14 mm). The motor drives the drive gear to rotate, causing the rack to move vertically along the infusion rod. The rack is simultaneously connected to the laser positioning pen and the drainage bag hook, enabling synchronous raising and lowering of both (raising and lowering speed 5 mm / s). The displacement sensor is a grating ruler (resolution 0.1 mm, measurement range 0-500 mm), which collects the height position data of the laser positioning component in real time (e.g., current 150 mm, target 170 mm). It feeds back to the collaborative control module every 10 ms. When the deviation between the feedback value and the command value is ≤0.5 mm, the motor stops operating, forming a closed-loop adjustment. The entire adjustment process is completed within 4 seconds, and the operating noise is ≤50 dB, avoiding interference with the patient's rest.

[0070] Furthermore, the intelligent pump control module also includes a pump status monitoring unit and a flow calibration component. The pump status monitoring unit includes a pressure sensor and a motor speed sensor, used to detect the working pressure of the infusion pump and the speed of the servo motor to determine whether the pump is operating normally. The flow calibration component can calibrate the drive parameters of the infusion pump based on the actual flow data collected by the flow sensor to ensure that the deviation between the actual flow rate and the set flow rate does not exceed ±3%. The pump controller can store at least 100 sets of historical drainage parameter records for patients and supports data export and retrospective analysis.

[0071] In this embodiment of the invention, in the pump status monitoring unit of the intelligent pump control module, a pressure sensor (measuring range -100 to +500 mmHg, accuracy ±2 mmHg) is installed at the inlet of the infusion pump to detect the working pressure in the pipeline (e.g., -10 mmHg during normal drainage); a motor speed sensor (Hall effect type, resolution 1 rpm) monitors the servo motor speed (set speed 150 rpm, actual 149 rpm). When the pressure > 50 mmHg (pipeline blockage) or the speed deviation > 5 rpm, the module triggers an audible and visual alarm (buzzer frequency 2 kHz, red light flashing). The flow calibration component automatically starts every 30 minutes, calculates the deviation rate of 2% based on the actual flow rate collected by the flow sensor (accuracy ±2%) (e.g., set 10 ml / h, actual 9.8 ml / h), and adjusts the motor pulse frequency (from 1000 Hz to 1020 Hz) to control the deviation between the actual flow rate and the set value within 1.5%. The pump controller has a built-in storage chip that records drainage parameters for 100 patients by timestamp (accurate to the second) (e.g., 2023-10-01 08:00, flow rate 8ml / h, pressure -8mmHg). It can export CSV files via USB interface and supports retrospective analysis of parameter change curves for a patient over a continuous 24 hours.

[0072] Furthermore, the intracranial pressure sensor of the monitoring sensing module is a fiber optic pressure sensor with a measurement range of -50 to +300 mmH2O, a resolution of ≤1 mmH2O, and a sampling frequency of 10-100 Hz. The flow sensor adopts the ultrasonic Doppler principle and can detect cerebrospinal fluid flow of 0.1-100 ml / h. The vital signs monitoring unit includes an electrocardiogram monitor, a non-invasive blood pressure monitor, and a pupil detector, which can collect and transmit heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and pupil diameter data in real time.

[0073] In this embodiment of the invention, the intracranial pressure sensor of the monitoring sensing module is a fiber optic Fabry-Perot interferometric sensor with a probe diameter of 1.2 mm, implanted in the intracranial epidural space. The measurement range is -50 to +300 mmH2O, with a resolution of 0.5 mmH2O in the 0-100 mmH2O range. The sampling frequency is set to 50 Hz, outputting pressure data every 20 ms (e.g., 15 mmHg, or 204 mmH2O). The flow sensor uses a 1 MHz ultrasonic Doppler probe, clipped to the outside of the drainage tube (3 mm in diameter), with a 60° angle between the transmitting and receiving probes. Cerebrospinal fluid flow is calculated by detecting the velocity of red blood cells. When the flow rate is 5 ml / h, the measurement error is ≤0.15 ml / h. The vital signs monitoring unit uses an electrocardiogram monitor (sampling rate 250Hz) to collect heart rate (75 beats / min), a non-invasive blood pressure monitor (measurement cycle 5 minutes) to obtain systolic blood pressure of 120 mmHg, respiratory rate monitoring uses the chest impedance method (range 8-60 beats / min, accuracy ±1 beat / min), and a pupil detector uses an infrared camera (resolution 640×480) to capture pupil images, with an analysis diameter of 3.2 mm. All data are converted from A / D (16-bit accuracy) and then transmitted to the collaborative control module via wired Ethernet (100Mbps).

[0074] Furthermore, the collaborative control module includes a data processing unit, a PID adjustment unit, and a mode switching unit. The data processing unit can filter and reduce noise on the received real-time intracranial pressure data, real-time cerebrospinal fluid flow rate data, and vital sign data to generate characteristic parameters. The PID adjustment unit can calculate the height adjustment amount based on the deviation between the preset drainage pressure target value and the actual intracranial pressure, and generate a control signal for the height driving device, or generate adjustment parameters for the infusion pump based on the deviation between the preset flow rate and the actual flow rate. The mode switching unit can switch between a flow control mode and a pressure control mode. In the flow control mode, the drainage rate is preferentially adjusted through the intelligent pump control module, and in the pressure control mode, the drainage plane height is preferentially controlled through the positioning adjustment module.

[0075] In this embodiment of the invention, the data processing unit of the collaborative control module uses a mean filtering algorithm (window size of 5 sampling points) to process real-time intracranial pressure data (50Hz sampling), cerebrospinal fluid flow velocity data (10Hz sampling) and vital sign data to remove high-frequency noise (such as intracranial pressure instantaneous fluctuation >5mmH2O being judged as noise) and generate characteristic parameters: mean intracranial pressure (1-minute moving average), flow standard deviation, and heart rate variability. The PID control unit parameters are set to a proportional gain of 8, an integral time of 120 seconds, and a derivative time of 30 seconds. When the preset drainage pressure target value of 120 mmH2O deviates from the actual intracranial pressure of 135 mmH2O by 15 mmH2O, the height adjustment is calculated as 15 × 8 / 100 = 1.2 mm, generating a pulse signal for the height drive device (240 pulses correspond to 1.2 mm). When the preset flow rate of 10 ml / h deviates from the actual flow rate of 8.5 ml / h by 1.5 ml / h, the infusion pump adjustment parameter is calculated as 1.5 × 8 / 10 = 1.2, adjusting the motor speed from 150 rpm to 150 × 1.2 = 180 rpm. The mode switching unit is triggered by a mechanical button. In flow control mode, the intelligent pump control module has higher priority than the positioning adjustment module (response delay < 100 ms), while in pressure control mode, the positioning adjustment module has priority (response delay < 50 ms). There are no parameter abrupt changes during the switching process.

[0076] Furthermore, the human-computer interaction module also includes a voice prompt unit and an alarm unit. The voice prompt unit can issue operation guidance, parameter confirmation, and abnormality reminder voices based on system operating parameters, patient monitoring data, and drainage status. The alarm unit includes an audible and visual alarm device. When the intracranial pressure exceeds the preset range (specifically, below 50 mmH2O or above 200 mmH2O), the drainage flow rate is abnormal (specifically, deviating from the set value by more than ±20%), the drainage tube is blocked, or the system malfunctions, different levels of alarm signals can be issued. The touch screen uses a high-definition touch screen and can simultaneously display real-time pressure curves, flow trend graphs, and a list of vital signs parameters.

[0077] In this embodiment of the invention, the voice prompt unit of the human-computer interaction module uses a 16-bit DAC converter to output a voice signal with a frequency of 300-3400Hz. Upon system startup, it announces "Drainage system ready, please confirm parameters." After parameter modification, it prompts "Flow rate set to 10ml / h, please confirm." In case of an anomaly, it issues "Intracranial pressure too high, please be careful." In the audible and visual alarm device of the alarm unit, the first-level alarm (flow rate deviation 15%) is a flashing yellow light (frequency 1Hz) + a 1kHz intermittent buzzer sound (interval of 1 second); the second-level alarm (intracranial pressure > 200mmH2O) is a solid red light + a continuous 2kHz buzzer sound; and the third-level alarm (tubular blockage) is a flashing red light (frequency 5Hz) + a continuous 3kHz buzzer sound + a voice call for help. The touchscreen display is a 10.1-inch IPS screen (1920×1200 resolution). The left side displays the intracranial pressure curve (vertical axis 0-300mmH2O, horizontal axis 30 minutes), the middle displays the flow trend graph (vertical axis 0-20ml / h, horizontal axis 30 minutes), and the right side lists the heart rate (75 beats / min), blood pressure (120 / 80mmHg), and respiration (18 breaths / min). The data refresh rate is 1Hz, and the touch response time is <200ms.

[0078] Furthermore, the drainage tubing module also includes an anti-backflow component and a blockage detection unit. The anti-backflow component is located between the infusion set and the drainage bag and adopts a one-way valve structure to prevent the drainage fluid from flowing back into the infusion set. The blockage detection unit includes a pressure differential sensor located inside the drainage tube to detect the pressure difference between the two ends of the drainage tube. When the pressure difference exceeds 50 mmH2O, it is determined that the drainage tube is blocked. The Murphy tube is equipped with a liquid level sensor to monitor the liquid level in the tube. When the liquid level is lower than a preset value, a fluid replenishment reminder is triggered.

[0079] In this embodiment of the invention, the anti-reflux component of the drainage tubing module is a silicone one-way valve (0.5mm thick, opening pressure 2mmH2O), installed in the tubing (4mm inner diameter) between the infusion set outlet and the drainage bag inlet. When the pressure on the drainage bag side is 3mmH2O higher than that on the infusion set side, the valve automatically closes, completely blocking the reflux path (leakage rate 0ml / h). The pressure difference sensors (measuring range 0-200mmH2O, accuracy ±1mmH2O) of the blockage detection unit are installed at both ends of the drainage tube (50cm apart). During normal drainage, the pressure difference is 15mmH2O. When it rises to 55mmH2O, a blockage is detected, and a signal is simultaneously sent to the collaborative control module. The liquid level sensor on the Murphy tube (10ml volume) is an infrared pair (emission wavelength 940nm), with a preset liquid level of 3ml. When the liquid level drops to 2.8ml, the sensor outputs a low level to trigger a replenishment reminder (displayed as "Please replenish liquid" via the human-machine interface module). The liquid level detection error is ±0.2ml.

[0080] Furthermore, the positioning adjustment module also includes a body position sensing unit, which includes a pressure sensor array and an angle sensor located under the patient's mattress. These sensors are used to detect the patient's body position and the head of the bed elevation angle, and transmit the body position data to the collaborative control module. The collaborative control module can automatically calculate the required adjustment of the drainage plane height compensation value based on the body position change, so as to adjust the height of the laser positioning pen and drainage bag in real time through the height driving device to ensure that the actual drainage pressure is consistent with the preset target.

[0081] In this embodiment of the invention, the body position sensing unit of the positioning adjustment module includes 32 pressure sensors (distributed in 16 areas of the mattress, 2 in each area). Each sensor measures 0-100 kPa (accuracy ±1 kPa), determining the patient's position based on pressure distribution (back pressure >80 kPa when supine, unilateral hip pressure >60 kPa when lateral). An angle sensor (range 0-90°, accuracy ±0.5°) is installed on the headboard support to detect the headboard elevation angle (e.g., 30°). When the patient changes from supine to left lateral, the body position data shows a leftward shift of the pressure center of gravity. The collaborative control module calculates the drainage plane height compensation value = 30° × 0.5 mm / ° = 15 mm, generates a height adjustment command, and raises the laser positioning pen and drainage bag by 15 mm via a height drive device (adjustment time <5 seconds), maintaining the actual drainage pressure within the preset target value ±2 mmH2O range. The body position change detection response time is <1 second, ensuring timely pressure compensation.

[0082] Furthermore, the collaborative control module incorporates a pressure-flow rate collaborative algorithm. This algorithm calculates the pressure-flow rate matching degree K=P / V under the current drainage state based on the real-time pressure data P collected by the intracranial pressure sensor and the real-time flow rate data V collected by the flow sensor. When the K value exceeds the normal range of 0.5-2.0 mmH2O·h / ml, the drainage parameters are automatically adjusted. In pressure control mode, if the K value > 2.0, the drainage plane height is reduced by 5-10 cm; if the K value < 0.5, the drainage plane height is increased by 5-10 cm. In flow control mode, if the K value > 2.0, the drainage flow rate is reduced by 5-10 ml / h; if the K value < 0.5, the drainage flow rate is increased by 5-10 ml / h.

[0083] In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure-flow rate coordination algorithm built into the collaborative control module receives real-time pressure data P (sampling frequency 50Hz, current value 180mmH2O) collected by the intracranial pressure sensor and real-time flow rate data V (sampling frequency 10Hz, current value 70ml / h) collected by the flow sensor. It calculates the pressure-flow rate matching degree K = P / V = 180 / 70 ≈ 2.57mmH2O・h / ml, which exceeds the normal range of 0.5-2.0mmH2O・h / ml. At this time, the system is in pressure control mode. Because K > 2.0, the algorithm triggers a drainage plane height adjustment command, lowering the drainage plane height by 8cm via a height drive device (adjustment speed 5mm / s, time 16 seconds). After adjustment, pressure and flow rate changes are monitored in real time. After 1 minute, P drops to 150mmH2O, and V rises to 85ml / h. K is recalculated as 150 / 85 ≈ 1.76mmH2O・h / ml, returning to the normal range, and the adjustment stops. In flow control mode, when K = 2.3 mmH2O·h / ml (P = 160 mmH2O, V = 70 ml / h), the algorithm generates a command to reduce the drainage flow rate by 7 ml / h. The intelligent pump control module adjusts the infusion pump speed from 200 rpm to 180 rpm, reducing V to 63 ml / h. Ultimately, the K value stabilizes at 2.54 / 63 ≈ 2.54 → 160 / 63 ≈ 2.54 → after adjustment, P = 155 mmH2O, V = 80 ml / h, and K = 155 / 80 ≈ 1.94 mmH2O·h / ml. Throughout the process, the algorithm calculates the K value every 2 seconds to ensure timely adjustment and no overshoot.

[0084] Furthermore, it also includes a wireless communication module and a remote monitoring unit. The wireless communication module uses Bluetooth or Wi-Fi technology to transmit system operating parameters, patient monitoring data, and drainage status to the hospital's local area network or cloud server in real time. The remote monitoring unit includes a doctor's workstation and a mobile terminal APP. Medical staff can view the drainage status, modify drainage parameters, and receive alarm information through the remote monitoring unit. The wireless communication module supports encrypted data transmission to ensure patient information security.

[0085] In this embodiment of the invention, the wireless communication module uses Wi-Fi technology (IEEE 802.11n standard, transmission rate 300Mbps) to transmit system operating parameters (such as drainage plane height 120cm, infusion pump speed 180rpm), patient monitoring data (intracranial pressure 150mmH2O, heart rate 75 bpm), and drainage status (normal drainage) to the cloud server in real time via the hospital's local area network (encryption protocol WPA2-PSK) (transmission interval 10 seconds, delay <50ms). The doctor's workstation of the remote monitoring unit (installed at the nurse's station, 27-inch monitor) displays the received data in real time. The left interface shows the pressure-flow rate dynamic curve (horizontal axis 30 minutes, vertical axis pressure 0-300mmH2O, flow rate 0-100ml / h), and the right side shows the parameter list (refresh frequency 1Hz). When the mobile terminal APP (compatible with Android 10.0 system) receives alarm information, it notifies medical staff via vibration (frequency 2Hz, lasting 3 seconds) and pop-up notification (displaying "Intracranial pressure too high: 210mmH2O"). It supports remote modification of drainage parameters (e.g., changing the preset flow rate from 70ml / h to 65ml / h; command transmission encryption uses the AES-256 algorithm). The wireless communication module de-identifies patient information (removing names, medical record numbers, etc.) before data transmission, retaining only the device serial number and monitoring data to ensure information security complies with medical data protection standards.

[0086] Furthermore, Embodiment 2 of the present invention also provides an intelligent method for coordinated control of cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure. This method is implemented based on the intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system described above. The intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control method includes the following steps:

[0087] S01: Insert the drainage tube into the patient's body and secure it properly. Connect the infusion set with the Murphy tube through the three-way connector. Connect the other end of the infusion set to the drainage bag. Install the infusion set on the infusion pump. Turn on the system power to input the patient's basic information and preset the drainage mode, including flow control mode or pressure control mode, through the human-machine interaction module.

[0088] In this embodiment of the invention, a drainage tube (1.2 mm in diameter) is inserted into the patient's lateral ventricle through a burr hole in the skull and fixed to the scalp with sutures (fixation depth 5 cm). The end of the drainage tube is connected to a three-way connector (medical-grade PVC material). One end of the connector is connected to an infusion set with a 10 ml Murphy tube (3 mm inner diameter), and the other end is connected to a heparin cap for later use. The other end of the infusion set is fixed to the inlet of a 1000 ml drainage bag with a clip. The middle section of the infusion set is installed on the peristaltic pump head of the infusion pump (pressure roller spacing 2 mm). The system power is turned on (input voltage 220V, standby power 5W), and the 10.1-inch touchscreen display lights up. The patient's basic information is entered using a stylus: age 55 years, weight 65 kg, diagnosis of cerebral hemorrhage. Clicking the "Flow Control Mode" icon on the mode selection interface and confirming the selection enters the parameter setting interface. All connection points are wrapped with sterile gauze to ensure that the operation meets the aseptic standards for intracranial surgery.

[0089] S02: If the flow control mode is selected, the drainage flow rate is set to 5-20ml / h, the total drainage volume is set to 50-500ml, and the drainage time is set to 6-72h via the command input unit. The intelligent pump control module stores the parameters in the drainage parameter database and generates an initial control signal. If the pressure control mode is selected, the target intracranial pressure is set to 80-180mmH2O and the reference height of the drainage plane is set. With the patient's external auditory canal or glabella as the reference point, within ±30cm, the positioning adjustment module drives the laser positioning pen to move to the corresponding height and emits a horizontal laser beam.

[0090] In this embodiment of the invention, after selecting the flow control mode, parameters are set via the numeric keypad on the touchscreen display: drainage flow rate 12ml / h (range 5-20ml / h), total drainage volume 200ml, and drainage time 24h (range 6-72h). The storage chip of the intelligent pump control module immediately records these parameters and generates an initial control signal: infusion pump speed 150rpm (corresponding to a flow rate of 12ml / h) and start-up delay 0 seconds. If the pressure control mode is selected, the target intracranial pressure is set to 120mmH2O (80-180mmH2O), and the drainage plane reference height is set to +10cm (within the range of ±30cm) with the patient's external auditory canal as the reference point. The servo motor of the positioning adjustment module drives the laser positioning pen to rise along the infusion rod. When the displacement sensor detects that the height reaches 10cm, it stops, and the laser pen emits a 642nm horizontal laser beam, with the light spot projected onto the scale line of the drainage bag hook, confirming that the height setting is accurate.

[0091] S03: The collaborative control module issues a start command, the intelligent pump control module drives the infusion pump to operate, or generates drainage force through the height difference of the drainage plane, and the monitoring sensor module begins to collect real-time intracranial pressure data, flow rate data and patient vital signs data, and transmits them to the collaborative control module.

[0092] In this embodiment of the invention, the collaborative control module issues a start command (5V voltage signal), and the servo motor of the intelligent pump control module drives the peristaltic pump head to rotate (initial speed 150rpm), squeezing the infusion tube to generate drainage force. The fiber optic intracranial pressure sensor (implanted at a depth of 3cm) of the monitoring sensor module begins to collect data (sampling frequency 50Hz), the ultrasonic Doppler flow sensor (clamped in the infusion tube 10cm from the pump head) detects the flow rate in real time (sampling frequency 10Hz), the electrode pads of the vital signs monitoring unit are attached to the patient's chest to collect heart rate (sampling rate 250Hz), and the non-invasive blood pressure cuff is strapped to the upper arm (measured every 5 minutes). All data is transmitted to the collaborative control module via a shielded cable (transmission rate 9600bps). The module's built-in filter processes the raw data (removing 50Hz power frequency interference) to ensure stable data output. Within 10 seconds of startup, all sensors display valid values.

[0093] S04: The collaborative control module processes the received data. In flow control mode, it compares the actual flow rate with the set flow rate and calculates the deviation. If the deviation is > ±5%, it generates a pump control parameter adjustment command to bring the actual flow rate back to the set value. At the same time, it monitors intracranial pressure. If the pressure is < 50 mmH2O or > 200 mmH2O, it issues an alarm and suggests switching to pressure control mode. In pressure control mode, it compares the actual intracranial pressure with the target pressure, calculates the height adjustment amount, and adjusts the height of the drainage bag through the height drive device to keep the pressure within the target range. When the body position sensing unit detects a change in the patient's body position, it automatically compensates for the height deviation to ensure that the drainage plane remains constant relative to the patient's body position.

[0094] In this embodiment of the invention, the collaborative control module processes the received data as follows: In flow control mode, the actual flow rate of 12.8 ml / h deviates from the set value of 12 ml / h by 6.7% > ±5%. The adjustment amount is calculated as (12.8 - 12) / 12 × 100% × 150 rpm = 8.3 rpm. A pump control parameter adjustment command is generated, reducing the rotation speed to 141.7 rpm. After 1 minute, the actual flow rate stabilizes at 12.1 ml / h (deviation 0.8%). Simultaneously, intracranial pressure is monitored. When the pressure drops to 48 mmH2O (< 50 mmH2O), an alarm is triggered, and a "Suggest switching to pressure control mode" prompt appears on the display. In pressure control mode, the actual intracranial pressure of 135 mmH2O deviates from the target value of 120 mmH2O by 15 mmH2O. The height adjustment amount is calculated as 15 mmH2O × 0.1 cm / mmH2O = 1.5 cm. The height drive device raises the drainage bag by 1.5 cm. After 2 minutes, the pressure drops to 122 mmH2O. The body position sensing unit detects that the patient changes from a supine to a semi-recumbent position (head of bed raised 30°) and automatically compensates for the height by 1.5cm to ensure that the drainage plane remains at the same height relative to the external auditory canal.

[0095] S05: The human-machine interaction module displays various parameters and trend curves in real time. When there is blockage of the drainage tube, abnormal flow rate, excessive pressure or abnormal vital signs, the alarm unit issues an alarm signal of the corresponding level, and the voice prompt unit simultaneously broadcasts the cause of the abnormality and handling suggestions.

[0096] In this embodiment of the invention, the human-computer interaction module's display screen shows a real-time intracranial pressure curve (vertical axis 0-300 mmH2O, horizontal axis 60 minutes) on the left, a flow rate trend graph (vertical axis 0-20 ml / h) in the middle, and a list on the right showing a heart rate of 72 beats / min, blood pressure of 130 / 85 mmHg, and a total drainage volume of 85 ml. When the drainage tube is blocked (pressure differential sensor detection value 55 mmH2O > 50 mmH2O), the alarm unit issues a level three alarm: a flashing red light (frequency 5Hz) + a continuous 3kHz buzzer sound, and a voice prompt unit announces "Drainage tube blocked, please check if the tube is bent." When the flow rate deviates from the set value by 22% (actual 9.4 ml / h, set value 12 ml / h), a level two alarm is triggered: a solid yellow light + an intermittent 2kHz buzzer sound, and a voice prompt "Flow rate abnormal, currently below the set value," and all alarm information is simultaneously displayed scrolling at the top of the screen.

[0097] S06: When the set drainage volume or drainage time is reached, or when medical staff issue a termination command through the human-machine interaction module, the intelligent pump control module stops the infusion pump from running, and the collaborative control module records data such as the total drainage volume, average flow rate, and pressure change curve, generates a drainage report, and stores it.

[0098] In this embodiment of the invention, when the total drainage volume reaches the set value of 200ml, the flow sensor sends a termination signal, the intelligent pump control module stops the infusion pump (speed drops to 0rpm), and simultaneously closes the tubing clamp (clamping force 5N) to block drainage. The collaborative control module automatically records the drainage data: total flow 200ml, average flow rate 12.05ml / h, highest intracranial pressure 140mmH2O, lowest 48mmH2O, generates a drainage report (including pressure-flow rate trend graph and alarm records), and stores it to the built-in hard drive (capacity 1TB). If medical staff click the "Terminate Drainage" button on the touchscreen, the system performs the same operation, and the report can be exported in PDF format via USB interface, containing timestamps (accurate to the second) of all parameters and adjustment records to ensure data traceability.

[0099] Therefore, the embodiments should be considered as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the application are intended to be included within the invention.

[0100] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the invention herein.

Claims

1. An intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system, characterized in that, include: The drainage tubing module is used to establish a cerebrospinal fluid drainage channel. It includes a corresponding drainage tube implanted in the patient's body, an infusion set with a Murphy tube, and a drainage bag. The corresponding end of the drainage tube is provided with a three-way interface. One end of the infusion set is connected to the three-way interface, and the other end is connected to the drainage bag. The positioning adjustment module includes an infusion rod with pulleys and hooks, a laser positioning pen fixed on the infusion rod, and a height driving device. The laser positioning pen can emit a laser beam that is horizontal to a preset drainage plane, and the height driving device is used to adjust the suspension height of the laser positioning pen and the drainage bag. The intelligent pump control module includes an infusion pump and a pump body controller that can control the drip rate of liquid. The infusion pump is adapted to the infusion set and is used to drive the cerebrospinal fluid to flow according to set parameters. The pump body controller has a built-in drainage parameter database, which can receive input commands and generate flow rate, flow volume and drainage time control signals. The monitoring and sensing module includes an intracranial pressure sensor, a flow sensor, and a vital signs monitoring unit. The intracranial pressure sensor is implanted in the patient's cranium or integrated into the drainage tube to collect real-time intracranial pressure data. The flow sensor is located at the Murphy tube of the infusion set to monitor real-time cerebrospinal fluid flow rate data. The vital signs monitoring unit is used to collect vital signs data corresponding to changes in the patient's blood pressure, heart rate, respiration, and pupils. The collaborative control module is connected to the positioning adjustment module, the intelligent pump control module, and the monitoring and sensing module respectively. It is used to receive real-time intracranial pressure data, real-time cerebrospinal fluid flow rate data, and vital sign data, and generate drainage height adjustment commands or pump control parameter adjustment commands to achieve collaborative control of drainage rate and intracranial pressure. The human-computer interaction module includes a touch screen and a command input unit, which is used to display system operating parameters, patient monitoring data and drainage status, and to receive preset drainage parameters, drainage plane height and mode switching commands input by medical staff.

2. The intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser positioning pen includes an infrared laser pen, an angle calibration sensor, and a laser intensity adjuster. The infrared laser pen can emit a visible laser beam with a wavelength of 635-650nm. The angle calibration sensor is used to detect the angle between the laser beam and the horizontal plane to ensure that the laser beam remains horizontal with the preset drainage plane. The laser intensity adjuster can adjust the output power of the laser beam according to the ambient light intensity. The laser positioning pen has scale markings on its surface to intuitively display the height value of the drainage plane corresponding to the current laser beam.

3. The intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height driving device includes a servo motor, a gear transmission mechanism, and a displacement sensor. The servo motor is electrically connected to the collaborative control module and can receive the drainage height adjustment command and drive the gear transmission mechanism to operate. The gear transmission mechanism is connected to the hooks corresponding to the laser positioning pen and the drainage bag, and is used to drive the two to rise and fall synchronously along the infusion rod. The displacement sensor is used to collect the height position data of the laser positioning pen in real time and feed it back to the collaborative control module to form a closed-loop adjustment.

4. The intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The intelligent pump control module also includes a pump status monitoring unit and a flow calibration component. The pump status monitoring unit includes a pressure sensor and a motor speed sensor, used to detect the working pressure of the infusion pump and the speed of the servo motor to determine whether the pump is operating normally. The flow calibration component can calibrate the drive parameters of the infusion pump based on the actual flow data collected by the flow sensor to ensure that the deviation between the actual flow rate and the set flow rate does not exceed ±3%. The pump controller can store at least 100 sets of historical drainage parameters of patients and supports data export and retrospective analysis.

5. The intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collaborative control module includes a data processing unit, a PID adjustment unit, and a mode switching unit. The data processing unit can filter and reduce noise on the received real-time intracranial pressure data, real-time cerebrospinal fluid flow rate data, and vital sign data to generate characteristic parameters. The PID adjustment unit can calculate the height adjustment amount based on the deviation between the preset drainage pressure target value and the actual intracranial pressure, and generate a control signal for the height drive device, or generate adjustment parameters for the infusion pump based on the deviation between the preset flow rate and the actual flow rate. The mode switching unit can switch between a flow control mode and a pressure control mode. In the flow control mode, the drainage rate is preferentially adjusted through the intelligent pump control module, while in the pressure control mode, the drainage plane height is preferentially controlled through the positioning adjustment module.

6. The intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The human-computer interaction module also includes a voice prompt unit and an alarm unit. The voice prompt unit can issue operation guidance, parameter confirmation, and abnormality reminder voices based on system operating parameters, patient monitoring data, and drainage status. The alarm unit includes an audible and visual alarm device. When the intracranial pressure exceeds the preset range (specifically, below 50 mmH2O or above 200 mmH2O), the drainage flow rate is abnormal (specifically, deviating from the set value by more than ±20%), the drainage tube is blocked, or the system malfunctions, different levels of alarm signals can be issued. The touch screen display adopts a high-definition touch screen, which can simultaneously display real-time pressure curves, flow trend graphs, and a list of vital signs parameters.

7. The intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage tubing module also includes an anti-backflow component and a blockage detection unit. The anti-backflow component is located between the infusion set and the drainage bag and adopts a one-way valve structure to prevent drainage fluid from flowing back into the infusion set. The blockage detection unit includes a pressure differential sensor located inside the drainage tube to detect the pressure difference between the two ends of the drainage tube. When the pressure difference exceeds 50 mmH2O, the drainage tube is determined to be blocked. The Murphy tube is equipped with a liquid level sensor to monitor the liquid level in the tube. When the liquid level is lower than a preset value, a fluid replenishment reminder is triggered.

8. The intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning adjustment module also includes a body position sensing unit, which includes a pressure sensor array and an angle sensor located under the patient's mattress. These sensors are used to detect the patient's body position and the head of the bed elevation angle, and transmit the body position data to the collaborative control module. The collaborative control module can automatically calculate the required adjustment of the drainage plane height compensation value based on the body position change, so as to adjust the height of the laser positioning pen and drainage bag in real time through the height driving device to ensure that the actual drainage pressure is consistent with the preset target.

9. The intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a wireless communication module and a remote monitoring unit. The wireless communication module uses Bluetooth or Wi-Fi technology to transmit system operating parameters, patient monitoring data, and drainage status to the hospital's local area network or cloud server in real time. The remote monitoring unit includes a doctor's workstation and a mobile terminal APP. Medical staff can view the drainage status, modify drainage parameters, and receive alarm information through the remote monitoring unit. The wireless communication module supports encrypted data transmission to ensure patient information security.

10. An intelligent method for coordinated control of cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure, characterized in that, The method is implemented based on the intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control system described in any one of claims 1-9 above. This intelligent cerebrospinal fluid drainage rate and pressure coordinated control method includes the following steps: S01: Insert the drainage tube into the patient's body and secure it properly. Connect the infusion set with the Murphy tube through the three-way connector. Connect the other end of the infusion set to the drainage bag. Install the infusion set on the infusion pump. Turn on the system power to input the patient's basic information and preset the drainage mode, including flow control mode or pressure control mode, through the human-machine interaction module. S02: If the flow control mode is selected, the drainage flow rate is set to 5-20ml / h, the total drainage volume is set to 50-500ml, and the drainage time is set to 6-72h via the command input unit. The intelligent pump control module stores the parameters in the drainage parameter database and generates an initial control signal. If the pressure control mode is selected, the target intracranial pressure is set to 80-180mmH2O and the reference height of the drainage plane is set. With the patient's external auditory canal or glabella as the reference point, within ±30cm, the positioning adjustment module drives the laser positioning pen to move to the corresponding height and emits a horizontal laser beam. S03: The collaborative control module issues a start command, the intelligent pump control module drives the infusion pump to operate, or generates drainage force through the height difference of the drainage plane, and the monitoring sensor module begins to collect real-time intracranial pressure data, flow rate data and patient vital signs data, and transmits them to the collaborative control module. S04: The collaborative control module processes the received data. In flow control mode, it compares the actual flow rate with the set flow rate and calculates the deviation. If the deviation is > ±5%, it generates a pump control parameter adjustment command to bring the actual flow rate back to the set value. At the same time, it monitors intracranial pressure. If the pressure is < 50 mmH2O or > 200 mmH2O, it issues an alarm and suggests switching to pressure control mode. In pressure control mode, it compares the actual intracranial pressure with the target pressure, calculates the height adjustment amount, and adjusts the height of the drainage bag through the height drive device to keep the pressure within the target range. When the body position sensing unit detects a change in the patient's body position, it automatically compensates for the height deviation to ensure that the drainage plane remains constant relative to the patient's body position. S05: The human-machine interaction module displays various parameters and trend curves in real time. When there is blockage of the drainage tube, abnormal flow rate, excessive pressure or abnormal vital signs, the alarm unit issues an alarm signal of the corresponding level, and the voice prompt unit simultaneously broadcasts the cause of the abnormality and handling suggestions. S06: When the set drainage volume or drainage time is reached, or when medical staff issue a termination command through the human-machine interaction module, the intelligent pump control module stops the infusion pump from running, and the collaborative control module records data such as the total drainage volume, average flow rate, and pressure change curve, generates a drainage report, and stores it.

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