Double-layer glass reaction kettle, reaction method and application of double-layer glass reaction kettle in laboratory

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-layer glass reaction kettle, a reaction method and application of the double-layer glass reaction kettle in a laboratory, and relates to the technical field of glass reaction kettles.The double-layer glass reaction kettle comprises a rack, a kettle body and a condensing device, the kettle body and the condensing device are connected to the rack, and the condensing device is communicated with the kettle body and comprises a shell and a condensing coil arranged in the shell in a sleeved mode; the condensing coil comprises an inner coil body and an outer coil body, the bottoms of the inner coil body and the outer coil body are communicated, the inner coil body and the outer coil body are opposite in rotating direction, a threaded rod coaxial with the inner coil body is connected to the interior of the shell, homodromous threads are formed in the threaded rod, the distance between the homodromous threads and the inner coil body is consistent, and the threaded rod is in threaded connection with a cleaning frame. According to the double-layer glass reaction kettle, the reaction method and the application thereof in the laboratory, a liquid heat insulation layer can be prevented from being formed on the condensation pipe, and the effect of improving the efficiency of the condensation pipe is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of glass reactor technology, and more specifically to double-walled glass reactors, reaction methods, and their applications in the laboratory. Background Technology

[0002] A double-walled glass reactor, also known as a double-walled glass autoclave, is a widely used experimental and production device in fields such as chemistry, fine chemicals, and biopharmaceuticals. It is primarily used for conducting chemical reactions under controlled conditions, such as synthesis, crystallization, extraction, and concentration. The unique feature of this reactor is its double-walled glass structure design.

[0003] Chinese patent application number 202010388156.7 discloses a high-temperature constant-pressure reaction vessel system. The system includes a reaction vessel, a water bath, a stirrer, an oil-water separator, and a constant-pressure dropping funnel. The oil-water separator comprises a round-bottom flask, a condenser, and a guide tube. The condenser is connected to the upper end of the round-bottom flask. One end of the guide tube is connected to the round-bottom flask, and the other end extends into the reaction vessel. A drain port is provided at the bottom of the round-bottom flask. A replenishment tube is also installed in the upper middle part of the round-bottom flask, with the lower end of the replenishment tube higher than the upper end of the guide tube. An overflow tube with an overflow valve is connected to the bottom surface of the guide tube, and the diameter of the overflow tube is not less than the diameter of the replenishment tube. This device enables the internal solution to react.

[0004] Chinese patent application number 202011231931.4 discloses a double-layered glass reactor for preparing aerogel sols. The structure includes: a reactor body with a jacketed structure; the reactor body includes a circulating medium inlet and a circulating medium outlet; a through-hole insertion tube located slightly above the center of the reactor body; a sol outlet at the bottom of the reactor body; a reactor lid located above the reactor body and connected to the reactor body via a flange; the reactor lid has a feed inlet, a titration flask interface, a distillation condenser interface, a thermocouple interface, a pressure gauge interface, and a stirrer interface; a mounting frame on which the reactor body is fixedly mounted; and a stirrer including a stirring shaft and a stirring paddle; the stirring shaft extends from outside the reactor lid through the stirrer interface into the reactor body; and the stirring paddle is mounted on the stirring shaft extending into the reactor body. This equipment allows for precise control of the reaction effect.

[0005] Current double-walled glass reactors still have the following problems: 1. When the gas and water vapor generated by the reaction solution enter the condenser, it will cause high cooling pressure at the condenser inlet and low condensation efficiency at the far end. At the same time, the condensed liquid will adhere to the condenser tube to form a heat insulation layer, which will not only reduce the efficiency of heat conduction, but also reduce the condensation efficiency.

[0006] 2. When the gas temperature is low, the condensing medium needs to be even lower to create a temperature difference and achieve condensation. At the same time, after the gas is condensed into a liquid, the collected liquid will drip from the condenser tube. Not only will it fall onto the lower condenser tube, but the splashed water will also re-adhere to the condenser tube, affecting the condensation efficiency.

[0007] 3. After the gas condenses back into the liquid droplets, it flows into the return bend at the bottom. By settling, it separates liquids of different masses into layers. However, the continuous flow of condensed liquid from the top affects the liquid in the settling state, prolonging the stratification time and reducing the settling efficiency. At the same time, the condensate after stratification needs to be controlled and discharged for collection.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a double-layered glass reactor, reaction method, and its laboratory application to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a double-layered glass reactor, a reaction method and its application in the laboratory, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0010] The technical solution is as follows: The present invention includes a frame, a vessel body connected to the frame, and a condensing device. The condensing device is connected to the vessel body and includes a shell and a condensing coil sleeved inside the shell. The condensing coil includes an inner coil and an outer coil connected at their bottoms. The inner coil and the outer coil are arranged in opposite directions. A threaded rod coaxial with the inner coil is connected inside the shell. The threaded rod has threads in the same direction as the spacing between the inner coils. A cleaning frame is threaded onto the threaded rod. A rotating ring is sleeved between the inner coil and the outer coil. A rotating drive device is connected to the rotating ring. The inner ring surface of the rotating ring has symmetrically arranged sliding grooves. The two ends of the cleaning frame are slidably connected to the sliding grooves. The cleaning rack has a through hole for the inner coil pipe to pass through, and a scraper ring is connected inside the through hole; The bottom of the condensation device is connected to a collection bottle, and the bottom of the collection bottle is connected to a settling bottle. The inside of the collection bottle and the settling bottle are connected. The bottom of the settling bottle is connected to a discharge component and a control component. The control component controls the discharge component to perform liquid discharge.

[0011] Furthermore, the wiper ring has a triangular cross-section, and the wiper ring has equally spaced notches. The cleaning frame has a water guide groove inside that connects to the bottom of the wiper ring. The upper and lower ends of the threaded rod are connected to support rings. The bottom of the support ring at the top is connected to an upper threaded tube. The bottom of the upper threaded tube is rotatably connected to the cleaning frame. The top of the rotating ring at the bottom is connected to an internal threaded tube and an external threaded tube. The tops of the internal threaded tube and the external threaded tube are rotatably connected to the cleaning frame. A through hole for water leakage is opened on the rotating ring. The through hole on the rotating ring and the outlet of the water guide groove are both located between the internal threaded tube and the external threaded tube.

[0012] Furthermore, a drain rack is connected to the inner wall of the outer casing, and water baffles are connected to the drain rack at equal intervals. The water baffles are connected to the pipes on the outer coil, and the interior of the water baffles and the drain rack are connected. One side of the water baffle is open, and the opening on the water baffle faces the higher side of the pipe. The bottom of the housing is connected to a sloping frame, and the sloping frame is connected to splash guards that are evenly spaced. The top of the splash guards is oriented away from the axis, and the bottom of the splash guards is provided with water passage holes for liquid flow at equal intervals. The bottom of the sloping frame is provided with through holes for liquid passage.

[0013] Furthermore, a gas supply pipe is connected between the condensation device and the vessel body, and an airflow rack is connected to the outer shell. The gas supply pipe and the airflow rack are internally connected. A first guide plate and a second guide plate are connected inside the airflow rack. The ends of the first guide plate and the second guide plate away from the gas supply pipe are both set towards the rotating ring. A slot for downward airflow is opened at the bottom of the airflow rack. A fixed frame is connected to the top of the housing, the rotating ring is rotatably connected to the fixed frame, a rotary motor is connected to the outside of the housing, and a chain drive assembly is connected between the top of the rotating ring and the rotary motor.

[0014] Furthermore, a driven ring is connected to the top of the outer wall of the rotating ring, a lifting rod is slidably connected to the top of the fixed frame, a groove is provided on the driven ring, a roller located in the groove is connected to the bottom of the lifting rod, a driven rod is provided at the top of the lifting rod, one end of the driven rod is rotatably connected to the outer shell, a drive groove is provided on the driven rod, a top cover is connected to the top of the outer shell, an exhaust port is provided on the top cover, a sealing cover is provided at the end of the driven rod away from the outer shell, a groove is provided at the bottom of the sealing cover, the driven rod is slidably connected in the groove, a guide frame is connected inside the top cover, and the sealing cover is slidably connected to the guide frame; The top cover is internally connected to an upper limit plate and a lower limit plate, and a conical ring is slidably connected between the upper limit plate and the lower limit plate. The top of the sealing cover is connected to a conical block corresponding to the conical ring. The bottom of the upper limit plate is connected to an electromagnet, and the top of the conical ring is connected to a permanent magnet corresponding to the electromagnet. The top cover is internally connected to a pressure sensor, which is signal-connected to the electromagnet.

[0015] Furthermore, the inside of the collection bottle is provided with a discharge cavity, and the discharge assembly includes a fan-shaped frame and a connecting pipe connected to the bottom of the fan-shaped frame. The fan-shaped frame is rotatably connected to the discharge cavity, and an opening is provided on the fan-shaped frame. A drainage groove extending into the discharge cavity is provided on the inner wall of the inner layer of the collection bottle, and the drainage groove is obliquely arranged. The connecting pipe has a water trough inside that communicates with the opening. The bottom outlet of the water trough is located at the bottom of the settling bottle. The bottom of the settling bottle is connected to an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate. The bottom of the outer wall of the connecting pipe is connected to a rotating plate located between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate. Both the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate have through drainage holes. The rotating plate has fan-shaped control holes.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the settling bottle is equipped with a discharge motor, which is connected to the frame. The output end of the discharge motor is connected to a worm gear, and the bottom of the connecting pipe is connected to a worm wheel that meshes with the worm gear. The inside of the collection bottle is connected to an arc panel, and a water drop hole is opened on the circumference of the arc panel. A spiral water guide is connected to the top of the arc panel. A storage bottle located below the settling bottle is connected to the frame. One drain hole on the lower cover is connected to the storage bottle, and a guide tube is connected to the other drain hole.

[0017] Furthermore, the control component includes a central rod, an upper floating plate and a lower floating plate slidably connected to the central rod. The density of the upper floating plate is less than the density of the liquid at the top of the stratified liquid, and the density of the lower floating plate is greater than the density of the liquid at the top of the stratified liquid but less than the density of the liquid at the bottom. A contact sensor is connected to the bottom of both the upper and lower floating plates, and the contact sensor is connected to the discharge motor signal. The top of the central rod is threaded with a disassembly plate, and the bottom of the central rod is connected with a mounting platform, which is threaded to the bottom of the standing bottle.

[0018] Double-walled glass reactors are used in laboratories.

[0019] The reaction method in a double-glass reactor includes the following steps: S1. Reaction: Add the reaction solution into the reactor, put the added material into the dropping funnel, start the stirring device on the frame, open the dropping switch at the bottom of the dropping funnel, and the added material will react with the stirred solution. S2. Condensation: The water vapor generated by the solution enters the condenser through the gas supply pipe. It will first move downwards and come into contact with the outer coil, and then come into contact with the inner coil, gradually condensing. Finally, it will be discharged from the top of the condenser. S3, Scraping: Start the rotary motor. The rotary motor drives the rotating ring to rotate through the chain drive assembly, and drives the cleaning frame to rotate around the threaded rod. When rotating, the internal scraper ring scrapes off the condensed liquid, and the scraped liquid will flow to the bottom of the condensation device. S4. Settling: The liquid at the bottom of the condenser will flow into the collection bottle. When the liquid level in the collection bottle is reached, the discharge motor is started to discharge the settled liquid in the settling bottle. After the liquid at the bottom is discharged, the lower float will sink to the bottom and then drive the discharge motor to rotate to the second drain hole until the liquid inside is drained. Finally, the liquid in the collection bottle is transported into the settling bottle for settling.

[0020] Compared with existing known technologies, the technical solution provided by this invention has the following significant advantages: 1. This device is equipped with a cleaning rack and a scraper ring structure inside the condenser, which can scrape off the condensed liquid adhering to the condenser tube, preventing the formation of a liquid insulation layer on the condenser tube and improving the efficiency of the condenser tube. At the same time, it works in conjunction with gradient cooling to prevent excessive condensation pressure at the inlet, which would reduce the condensation efficiency at the inlet.

[0021] 2. This device has a sealing cap on the top of the condenser. The intermittent opening and closing of the sealing cap can increase the internal pressure, thereby increasing the temperature of the internal gas, increasing the temperature difference between the gas and the condenser tube, and improving the condensation efficiency of the gas. At the same time, the internal pressure sensor can detect the internal pressure and adjust the exhaust volume accordingly to avoid excessive internal pressure and prevent gas backflow.

[0022] 3. This device has a collection bottle component at the top of the settling bottle. The condensate flowing down will first enter the collection bottle, which separates it from the settling bottle and prevents the continuously flowing condensate from affecting the settling and stratification. At the same time, the collection bottle has the function of pre-setting the liquid, which improves the liquid stratification effect.

[0023] 4. This device is equipped with a control component inside the settling bottle. The control component can monitor the stratification interface of the liquid inside, which facilitates the controlled discharge of the stratified liquid and avoids discharge errors. At the same time, the float plate can be replaced to adapt to the stratification of liquids with different densities. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vessel body and condensation device in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning frame and wiper ring structure in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the inner and outer coil structures in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the outer shell and collection bottle structure in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first guide plate and the second guide plate in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the top cover and conical ring structure in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the driven ring and lifting rod structure in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow of liquid from the collection bottle to the settling bottle in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sector-shaped frame and connecting pipe structure in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the settling bottle and the discharge motor in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the central rod and upper floating plate structure in this invention.

[0025] Figure label: 101. Frame; 102. Vessel body; 103. Outer shell; 104. Inner coil; 105. Outer coil; 106. Threaded rod; 107. Cleaning rack; 108. Rotating ring; 109. Sliding groove; 110. Scraper ring; 111. Collection bottle; 112. Settling bottle; 201. Water guide groove; 202. Support ring; 203. Upper threaded pipe; 204. Internal threaded pipe; 205. External threaded pipe; 206. Drainage rack; 207. Water baffle; 208. Inclined rack; 209. Splash guard; 301. Air supply pipe; 302. Airflow rack; 303. First guide plate; 304. Second guide plate; 305. Fixing frame; 306. Rotary motor; 307. Chain drive assembly; 401. Driven ring; 402. Lifting rod; 403. Groove; 404. Driven rod; 405. 406. Drive chute; 407. Top cover; 408. Guide frame; 409. Upper limit plate; 410. Lower limit plate; 411. Conical ring; 412. Conical block; 413. Electromagnet; 414. Sealing cover; 505. Discharge cavity; 506. Sector frame; 507. Connecting pipe; 508. Opening; 509. Drainage trough; 5000. Flow trough; 501. Top cover plate; 502. Lower limit plate; 503. 509. Cover plate; 510. Rotating plate; 511. Drain hole; 512. Control hole; 603. Discharge motor; 604. Worm gear; 605. Worm wheel; 606. Arc panel; 607. Spiral water guide; 608. Storage bottle; 609. Flow guide pipe; 700. Center rod; 701. Upper float plate; 702. Lower float plate; 703. Contact sensor; 704. Disassembly plate; 705. Mounting platform. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Depend on Figures 1 to 11The device includes a frame 101, a reactor body 102 connected to the frame 101, and a condenser. The frame 101 also has a dropping funnel, a stirring device, a control panel, etc., for controlling the reactor body 102 to ensure normal reaction operation. The reactor body 102 is a glass-lined or glass-inner-lined reactor, a special type of reaction vessel mainly used in chemical reaction processes in industries such as chemical, pharmaceutical, dye, pesticide, and food. It is known for its unique corrosion resistance and is particularly suitable for handling corrosive chemicals. It is equipped with a feed port, an exhaust port, etc. This is an existing device and will not be described in detail here. The condensing device is connected to the vessel body 102. The condensing device includes a shell 103 and a condensing coil fitted inside the shell 103. The condensing coil includes an inner coil 104 and an outer coil 105 connected at the bottom. The condensing medium inside the condensing coil enters from the top of the inner coil 104, then from the bottom into the outer coil 105, and finally exits from the top of the outer coil 105. Water vapor entering the condensing device enters from the top of one side of the outer coil 105, then flows downwards. After reaching the bottom, it enters the side of the inner coil 104 and moves upwards, finally exiting from the top of the condensing device. This flow direction is consistent with the flow direction of the condensing medium. Conversely, the inner coil 104 and outer coil 105 are arranged in opposite directions to allow the condensing medium to slowly cool the incoming water vapor, preventing excessive condensation pressure at the inlet. The inner coil 104 and outer coil 105 are connected internally to a threaded rod 106 coaxial with the inner coil 104. The threaded rod 106 has threads in the same direction as the inner coil 104. A cleaning frame 107 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 106. When the cleaning frame 107 moves upward, it rotates along the threads on the threaded rod 106, ensuring it maintains the same positional relationship with the inner coil 104, facilitating internal scraping. The ring 110 maintains contact with the pipe to perform a scraping action on the liquid. A rotating ring 108 is sleeved between the inner coil 104 and the outer coil 105. The rotating ring 108 is externally connected to a rotation drive device. The rotating ring 108 maintains a rotating state to drive the cleaning frame 107 to rotate, so that the cleaning frame 107 can rotate around the thread on the threaded rod 106. The inner ring surface of the rotating ring 108 has symmetrically arranged sliding grooves 109. The sliding grooves 109 are vertically arranged, and the cleaning frame 107 can move up and down along the sliding grooves 109. The two ends of the cleaning frame 107 are slidably connected in the sliding grooves 109. The cleaning frame 107 has a through hole for the inner coil 104 pipe to pass through. The pipe of the inner coil 104 passes through the through hole on the cleaning frame 107. A wiper ring 110 is connected in the through hole. Preferably, the wiper ring 110 is made of corrosion-resistant rubber. The inner ring surface contacts the outer wall of the pipe of the inner coil 104, while the softness avoids damage to the pipe. In conventional condenser devices, the bottom is directly connected to the settling bottle 112. When the condenser is in operation, condensed liquid flows into the settling bottle 112. Since the settling bottle 112 is undergoing liquid settling and stratification, the continuous inflow of liquid can affect the settling process, thus prolonging the stratification time. The following structure provides a way to prevent the inflowing liquid from affecting the settling process: [Reference] Figure 1 The bottom of the condensing device is connected to a collection bottle 111. The condensed liquid first enters the collection bottle 111. The bottom of the collection bottle 111 is connected to a settling bottle 112, which is used for settling. After the internal liquid has settled and separated, the settled liquid is discharged. Then, the condensed liquid in the collection bottle 111 flows into the settling bottle 112 for a new round of settling. The inside of the collection bottle 111 and the settling bottle 112 are connected. The bottom of the settling bottle 112 is connected to a discharge component and a control component. The control component controls the discharge component to discharge liquid. In use, the settled liquid in the settling bottle 112 is discharged first, and then the solution that needs to be settling in the collection bottle 111 enters the settling bottle 112.

[0028] During use, the diameter of each pipe in the inner coil 104 will not be the same. Even slight variations in pipe diameter will affect the wiping efficiency of the wiper ring 110. The following is a structure to increase the adaptability of the wiper ring 110: (Reference) Figure 2 The wiper ring 110 has a triangular cross-section and is provided with equally spaced notches. The notches allow the wiper ring 110 to adapt to changes in the pipeline. Preferably, the inner ring surface of the wiper ring 110 is interference-fitted with the pipeline wall, so that the wiper ring 110 can maintain contact with the pipeline even when there are slight changes in the pipeline. The cleaning frame 107 has a water guide groove 201 connected to the bottom of the wiper ring 110. The water guide groove 201 is located at the bottom of the wiper ring 110 and is used to discharge the condensate scraped off by the wiper ring 110. The wiper ring 110 is located in the through hole on the cleaning frame 107. The two sides of the wiper ring 110 are a certain distance away from the plane of the cleaning frame 107, so that the condensate scraped off by the wiper ring 110 will enter the water guide groove 201 at the bottom. The condensate scraped off by the scraper ring 110 will be discharged from the water guide trough 201. During its descent, the condensate will come into contact with rising water vapor at the bottom, thus affecting the condensation efficiency. Additionally, the condensate may splash as it falls to the bottom. The following is a structure for guiding the condensate flow: [Reference] Figure 3The threaded rod 106 has support rings 202 connected to its upper and lower ends. The bottom of the top support ring 202 is connected to an upper threaded tube 203. Preferably, the threaded tube is a spring-loaded telescopic tube, which has a telescopic function and protects the threaded rod 106 from liquid or gas intrusion. The bottom of the upper threaded tube 203 is rotatably connected to the cleaning frame 107. The top of the bottom rotating ring 108 is connected to an internal threaded tube 204 and an external threaded tube 205. The upper threaded tube 203 protects the threaded rod 106 and the internal threaded tube 204. The external threaded tube 205, located outside the internal threaded tube 204, can cooperate with the internal threaded tube 204. The space between them is used for the flow of condensate, allowing the condensate to flow smoothly to the bottom. The tops of the internal threaded tube 204 and the external threaded tube 205 are rotatably connected to the cleaning frame 107. Preferably, the internal threaded tube 204 is a spring-loaded telescopic tube, which protects the threaded rod 106 from liquid or gas intrusion. Both the internally threaded tube 204 and the externally threaded tube 205 are provided with a rotating structure at their top. The rotating structure is preferably a pressure bearing, which allows the internally threaded tube 204 and the externally threaded tube 205 to be rotatably connected to the cleaning frame 107. When the cleaning frame 107 rotates, the internally threaded tube 204 and the externally threaded tube 205 will not rotate. In another embodiment, the internally threaded tube 204 and the externally threaded tube 205 are fixedly connected to the top cleaning frame 107, while the bottom support ring 202 is rotatably connected to the threaded rod 106. The bottom rotating ring 108 is provided with a through hole for water leakage. The through hole on the rotating ring 108 and the outlet of the water guide groove 201 are both located between the internally threaded tube 204 and the externally threaded tube 205. After the condensate comes out of the water guide groove 201, it will enter the area between the internally threaded tube 204 and the externally threaded tube 205 and flow downwards, finally flowing out from the through hole on the bottom support ring 202.

[0029] Condensate generated on one side of the externally threaded pipe 205 adheres to the pipe and flows downwards. This flowing condensate forms a heat-insulating layer, affecting the condensation efficiency of the externally threaded pipe 205. The following provides a structure to intercept the flowing condensate: Specifically, refer to... Figure 3A drain rack 206 is connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 103. Water baffles 207 are connected to the drain rack 206 at equal intervals. The water baffles 207 are connected to the pipes on the outer coil 105. The water baffles 207 also support the externally threaded pipe 205. The drain rack 206 is hollow, and the condensate intercepted by the water baffles 207 enters the drain rack 206 and is guided to the bottom of the condensation device, preventing the dripping condensate from affecting the pipes. The interior of the water baffles 207 is connected to the interior of the drain rack 206. One side of the water baffles 207 is open, allowing the condensate flowing on the pipes to be blocked and thus enter the drain rack 206. The opening on the water baffles 207 faces the higher side of the pipe. The water vapor flowing downwards at the externally threaded pipe 205 drives the condensate on the outer coil 105 downwards, accelerating the downward flow of the liquid. Even with a condensate drainage system, some condensate will still drip from the pipes, causing splashing. The following is a design to prevent liquid splashing: [Reference] Figure 3 The bottom of the outer casing 103 is connected to a ramp 208, with the center of the ramp 208 facing downwards, so that liquid falling on the ramp 208 will flow towards the center. The ramp 208 is connected to equally spaced anti-splash plates 209, which are used to change the direction of the falling liquid and also to capture it. Preferably, the anti-splash plates 209 are made of corrosion-resistant rubber and have a certain degree of elasticity. The top of the anti-splash plates 209 is oriented away from the axis. In another embodiment, the anti-splash plates 209 are configured as needle-like structures and are inclined to capture falling condensate. The bottom of the anti-splash plates 209 has equally spaced water passage holes for liquid flow, and the bottom of the ramp 208 has through holes for liquid passage. The water passage holes and through holes allow liquid to flow, enabling condensate to flow towards the lowest point.

[0030] Water vapor and gas entering the condenser tend to accumulate on the side near the air inlet, causing uneven air intake. The following provides a structure to ensure uniform gas contact with the inner coil 104: Specifically, refer to... Figure 4 and Figure 5A gas supply pipe 301 is connected between the condensing device and the vessel body 102. The gas generated in the vessel body 102 enters the condensing device through the gas supply pipe 301. An airflow rack 302 is connected to the outer shell 103. The gas supply pipe 301 and the airflow rack 302 are internally connected. A first guide plate 303 and a second guide plate 304 are connected inside the airflow rack 302. The water vapor entering the airflow rack 302 is divided into multiple streams to reduce the flow rate of a single stream of gas. The ends of the first guide plate 303 and the second guide plate 304 away from the gas supply pipe 301 are both set towards the rotating ring 108. The bottom of the airflow rack 302 has a slot for the airflow to move downwards. The gas that is divided into multiple streams will flow towards the inner coil 104 from different positions, so that the water vapor enters with uniformity. The rotating ring 108 located inside the condenser requires power to rotate. The following provides a structure for externally driving the rotating ring 108: [Reference] Figure 6 The top of the housing 103 is connected to a fixed frame 305. It should be noted that the airflow frame 302 only has an opening at its lower part, so no gas will enter the area between the airflow frame 302 and the fixed frame 305. The rotating ring 108 is rotatably connected to the fixed frame 305. The outside of the housing 103 is connected to a rotary motor 306. A chain drive assembly 307 is connected between the top of the rotating ring 108 and the rotary motor 306. The rotary motor 306 drives the rotating ring 108 to rotate through the chain drive assembly 307. It should be noted that when the cleaning frame 107 moves to the end of the threaded rod 106, the rotary motor 306 reverses, driving the cleaning frame 107 to move in the opposite direction, thereby achieving the effect of reciprocating movement.

[0031] The gas passing through the inner coil 104 will be directly discharged from the top of the condenser, resulting in gas backflow and low condensation efficiency. The following is a structure to improve condensation efficiency and prevent backflow: Specifically, refer to... Figure 6 and Figure 7A driven ring 401 is connected to the top of the outer wall of the rotating ring 108. The driven ring 401 rotates synchronously with the rotating ring 108. A lifting rod 402 is slidably connected to the top of the fixed frame 305. A groove 403 is provided on the driven ring 401. A roller located in the groove 403 is connected to the bottom of the lifting rod 402. When the driven ring 401 rotates, the roller at the bottom of the lifting rod 402 will contact the driven ring 401. When it rotates to the position of the groove 403, the lifting rod 402... The lifting rod 402 moves downwards. A driven rod 404 is located at the top of the lifting rod 402. One end of the driven rod 404 is rotatably connected to the outer casing 103. A drive groove 405 is provided on the driven rod 404. When the lifting rod 402 moves downwards, it drives the driven rod 404 to rotate downwards. As the driven rod 404 rotates, it rotates along the hinged position with the outer casing 103. The other end drives the top cover 406 to move downwards, thereby causing the sealing cover 413 to disengage from the top cover 406. The top of the outer casing 103 is connected to... A top cover 406 is attached, and an exhaust port is provided on the top cover 406. A sealing cap 413 is provided at the end of the driven rod 404 away from the outer casing 103. A sliding groove is provided at the bottom of the sealing cap 413, and the driven rod 404 is slidably connected to the sliding groove. When the lifting rod 402 is at the top, it will cause the sealing cap 413 to press against the outlet, preventing the internal gas from escaping. This increases the internal pressure. When the internal pressure increases, the temperature of the internal gas and water vapor will rise, thereby increasing the gas and condenser coil temperature. The temperature difference between them improves the condensation efficiency. When the lifting rod 402 moves to the bottom, it will drive the sealing cover 413 to move downward, thereby opening the air outlet and allowing the gas to be discharged. It has the function of intermittently discharging gas. The intermittently discharged gas can make the gas flow and increase the internal air pressure. The top cover 406 is connected to the guide frame 407. The sealing cover 413 is slidably connected to the guide frame 407. The guide frame 407 has a guiding function, so that the sealing cover 413 can only move up and down.

[0032] When the internal pressure is too high or too low, the gas discharge flow rate is crucial to prevent excessive pressure. When the internal pressure is high, more gas needs to be discharged; when the internal pressure is low, less gas needs to be discharged. The following provides a structure that can control the gas discharge volume based on the internal gas pressure: An upper limit plate 408 and a lower limit plate 409 are connected inside the top cover 406. A conical ring 410 is slidably connected between the upper limit plate 408 and the lower limit plate 409. A conical block 411 corresponding to the conical ring 410 is connected to the top of the sealing cover 413. When the conical ring 410 is at its bottom and in contact with the lower limit plate 409, the distance between it and the conical block 411 is minimized, allowing gas to be discharged more efficiently. The amount of gas discharged from the vent is also the smallest. When the conical ring 410 moves to the top, the amount of gas discharged is the largest. The bottom of the upper limit plate 408 is connected to an electromagnet 412, and the top of the conical ring 410 is connected to a permanent magnet corresponding to the electromagnet 412. A pressure sensor is connected inside the top cover 406. The pressure sensor is used to detect the internal pressure and thus control the operation state of the electromagnet 412. The pressure sensor is signal-connected to the electromagnet 412. The greater the internal pressure, the greater the magnetic force of the electromagnet 412, and the stronger its attraction to the permanent magnet. At this time, the distance between the conical ring 410 and the conical block 411 is greater. The upper limit plate 408 and the conical ring 410 are connected by a spring.

[0033] While collecting the condensate flowing down from the top, the collecting bottle 111 also undergoes a settling process, serving as a pre-settling stage. When the liquid in the collecting bottle 111 flows into the settling bottle 112 for further settling, the pre-settled liquid will be disturbed, thus affecting the settling time in the settling bottle 112. The following provides a structure where the condensate flowing into the collecting bottle 111 does not affect the pre-settling stratification: Specifically, refer to... Figure 8 and Figure 9 The collection bottle 111 has a discharge cavity 501 inside. The discharge assembly includes a fan-shaped frame 502 and a connecting pipe 503 connected to the bottom of the fan-shaped frame 502. The fan-shaped frame 502 is rotatably connected to the discharge cavity 501 and can rotate within the discharge cavity 501. An opening 504 is provided on the fan-shaped frame 502. A drainage groove 505 extending into the discharge cavity 501 is provided on the inner wall of the collection bottle 111. The opening 504 and the drainage groove 505 are configured to cooperate. When the fan-shaped frame 502 rotates, the opening 504 will rotate to the position of the water trough 506. Since the drainage groove 505 is set at an angle, the top of the drainage groove 505 will leak out first, allowing the solution at the top to flow first and then be discharged downwards in sequence. The drainage groove 505 is set at an angle. The connecting pipe 503 is provided with a water flow channel 506 that communicates with the opening 504. The liquid entering the opening 504 will enter the water flow channel 506 and then flow into the settling bottle 112. The bottom outlet of the water flow channel 506 is located at the bottom of the settling bottle 112. The liquid at the top of the collection bottle 111 will enter the settling bottle 112 first. As the liquid at the bottom enters, it will lift up the liquid that enters first, so as to avoid the solution remixing and the increase of the settling time.

[0034] After the solution in settling bottle 112 has settled, it needs to be drained according to its stratification. This structure is used to collect liquids of different densities. The following is a structure for controlling the drainage order: [Reference] Figure 8 The bottom of the settling bottle 112 is connected to an upper cover plate 507 and a lower cover plate 508. The bottom of the outer wall of the connecting pipe 503 is connected to a rotating plate 509 located between the upper cover plate 507 and the lower cover plate 508. The upper cover plate 507 and the lower cover plate 508 are fixedly connected to the settling bottle 112. The rotating plate 509 rotates between the upper cover plate 507 and the lower cover plate 508. Both the upper cover plate 507 and the lower cover plate 508 have through drain holes 510. The rotating plate 509 has a fan-shaped control hole 511. When the rotating plate 509 rotates, the control hole 511 on the rotating plate 509 will rotate to the position corresponding to the drain hole 510, so that the internal solution can be discharged. The collection bottle 111 is equipped with a liquid level sensor to detect the collected liquid. When there is a lot of collected liquid, the discharge motor 601 is driven to rotate to transport the condensate. Specifically, when a new solution needs to be replaced in the settling bottle 112, the connecting tube 503 rotates. At this time, the control hole 511 on the rotating plate 509 will align with the first drain hole 510, and the solution with a larger mass at the bottom will be discharged through the guide tube 607. When it is detected that the solution at the bottom has been drained, the connecting tube 503 continues to rotate. When it rotates to the second drain hole 510, the solution inside will be discharged into the storage bottle 606. When the internal solution is detected to be drained, the connecting tube 503 continues to rotate, offsetting from the drain hole 510. At this time, the opening 504 will rotate to the position of the drain trough 505, thereby enabling the solution in the collection bottle 111 to be transported into the settling bottle 112. In another embodiment, the control hole 511 is teardrop-shaped, with the larger end contacting the drain hole 510 first. When draining, the larger end of the control hole 511 will align with the drain hole 510 first, resulting in the maximum drainage volume. When the solution at the bottom is about to be drained, the smaller end of the control hole 511 will align with the drain hole 510, reducing the drainage volume.

[0035] The connecting pipe 503 requires a driving device to drive it to rotate. The following provides a structure for driving the connecting pipe 503 to rotate: Specifically, refer to... Figure 10The bottom of the standing bottle 112 is provided with a discharge motor 601. Preferably, both the discharge motor 601 and the rotary motor 306 are servo motors. The discharge motor 601 is connected to the frame 101. The output end of the discharge motor 601 is connected to a worm gear 602. The bottom of the connecting pipe 503 is connected to a worm wheel 603 that meshes with the worm gear 602. The output end of the discharge motor 601 drives the worm wheel 603 to rotate through the worm gear 602, thereby driving the connecting pipe 503 to rotate. When liquid from the condenser enters the collection bottle 111, it splashes, affecting the pre-settling effect. The following is a structure for guiding the liquid and preventing splashing: [Reference] Figure 8 The inside of the collection bottle 111 is connected to an arc panel 604. The arc panel 604 is used to guide the liquid toward the inner wall of the collection bottle 111, so that the liquid flows downward from the inner wall. The arc panel 604 has a drainage hole on its circumferential surface. The top of the arc panel 604 is connected to a spiral water guide 605. The liquid flowing downward from the inclined frame 208 will flow onto the spiral water guide 605 and flow onto the arc panel 604 through the spiral blades. The separated liquids need to be stored separately. The following is a structure for guiding the separated liquids individually: [Reference] Figure 10 The frame 101 is connected to a storage bottle 606 located below the settling bottle 112. The storage bottle 606 is used to store the required liquid. One drain hole 510 on the lower cover plate 508 is connected to the storage bottle 606, and another drain hole 510 is connected to a guide tube 607. The guide tube 607 is used to guide the unwanted liquid out. The positions of the storage bottle 606 and the guide tube 607 can be interchanged and adjusted according to different solutions.

[0036] Due to differences in mass, the liquid inside the settling bottle 112 may separate into layers. When draining the liquid from the settling bottle 112, the drainage of the connecting pipe 503 needs to be controlled according to the separation of the different liquids. The following provides a structure capable of detecting the separation: Specifically, refer to... Figure 11The control assembly includes a central rod 701, an upper float plate 702 and a lower float plate 703 slidably connected to the central rod 701. The lower float plate 703 and the upper float plate 702 are made of materials with different densities. In another embodiment, the upper float plate 702 and the lower float plate 703 are hollow structures filled with solutions of different densities. The density of the upper float plate 702 is less than the density of the liquid at the top of the layered liquid, and the density of the lower float plate 703 is greater than the density of the liquid at the top of the layered liquid but less than the density of the liquid at the bottom. When stationary, the upper float plate 702, due to its lower density than the liquid at the top, will be located at the top of the central rod 701, while the lower float plate 703, with a density greater than the liquid at the top but less than the liquid at the bottom, will be located at the boundary between the two liquids. The bottom of the upper float plate 702 and the lower float plate 703... Each component is connected to a contact sensor 704, which is signal-connected to the discharge motor 601. When the high-density liquid at the bottom is discharged, the lower float 703 will be located at the bottom of the center rod 701, and the contact sensor 704 at the bottom of the lower float 703 will activate, driving the discharge motor 601 to rotate and switch the discharge port. When all the liquid inside is discharged, the upper float 702 will press on top of the lower float 703, and the contact sensor 704 at the bottom will activate, driving the discharge motor 601 to continue rotating, so that the opening 504 and the water tank 506 coincide. It should be noted that when the liquid in the collection bottle 111 triggers the liquid level sensor, it indicates that the liquid inside the collection bottle 111 is full, and only then will the discharge motor 601 be driven to rotate, thereby transferring the liquid. During the experiment, because each reaction solution is different, the resulting condensate is also different, and the density of the stratified liquid will also be different. The fixed-density upper float plate 702 and lower float plate 703 cannot adapt to experiments with different solutions. The following provides a structure that allows the upper float plate 702 and lower float plate 703 to be replaced: The top of the central rod 701 is threadedly connected to a disassembly plate 705, which can be removed from the central rod 701, and then the upper float plate 702 and lower float plate 703 can be replaced. The bottom of the central rod 701 is connected to a mounting platform 706, which is threadedly connected to the bottom of the standing bottle 112. The mounting platform 706 is provided with a sealing structure, such as a sealing ring, to increase the sealing performance.

[0037] Double-walled glass reactors are used in laboratories.

[0038] The reaction method in a double-glass reactor includes the following steps: S1. Reaction: The reaction solution is added into the vessel 102 through the material cover at the top. The added material is placed into the dropping funnel. The stirring device on the frame 101 is started. The stirring device drives the solution to rotate. The dropping switch at the bottom of the dropping funnel is opened. The added material will react with the stirred solution and produce gas and water vapor. S2. Condensation: The water vapor generated by the solution enters the condenser through the gas supply pipe 301. It will first move downward and come into contact with the outer coil 105, and then come into contact with the inner coil 104, and gradually condense. Finally, it will be discharged from the top of the condenser. S3, Scraping: Start the rotary motor 306. The rotary motor 306 drives the rotating ring 108 to rotate through the chain transmission assembly 307. The rotating ring 108 will drive the cleaning frame 107 to rotate around the threaded rod 106. When rotating, the internal scraper ring 110 scrapes off the condensed liquid. The scraped liquid will flow to the bottom of the condensation device. S4. Settling: The liquid at the bottom of the condenser flows into the collection bottle 111. When the liquid level in the collection bottle 111 is reached, the discharge motor 601 is started to discharge the settled liquid in the settling bottle 112. After the liquid at the bottom is discharged, the lower float 703 sinks to the bottom, and the upper contact sensor 704 is triggered. Then, the discharge motor 601 is driven to rotate to the second drain hole 510. When the upper float 702 is at the bottom, the internal contact sensor 704 is activated, indicating that the internal liquid has been drained. Finally, the connecting pipe 503 continues to rotate to transport the liquid in the collection bottle 111 into the settling bottle 112 for settling.

[0039] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-layered glass reactor, comprising a frame (101), a reactor body (102) connected to the frame (101), and a condensing device, wherein the condensing device is connected to the reactor body (102), characterized in that: The condensation device includes a housing (103) and a condensation coil sleeved inside the housing (103). The condensation coil includes an inner coil (104) and an outer coil (105) connected at the bottom. The inner coil (104) and the outer coil (105) are arranged in opposite directions. A threaded rod (106) coaxially arranged with the inner coil (104) is connected inside the housing (103). The threaded rod (106) is provided with threads in the same direction as the spacing of the inner coil (104). A cleaning rack (107) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (106). A rotating ring (108) is sleeved between the inner coil (104) and the outer coil (105). The rotating ring (108) is externally connected to a rotation drive device. The inner ring surface of the rotating ring (108) is provided with symmetrically arranged sliding grooves (109). The two ends of the cleaning rack (107) are slidably connected in the sliding grooves (109). The cleaning rack (107) has a through hole for the inner coil (104) pipe to pass through, and a scraper ring (110) is connected inside the through hole. The bottom of the condensation device is connected to a collection bottle (111), and the bottom of the collection bottle (111) is connected to a settling bottle (112). The inside of the collection bottle (111) and the settling bottle (112) are connected. The bottom of the settling bottle (112) is connected to a discharge assembly and a control assembly. The control assembly controls the discharge assembly to perform liquid discharge.

2. The double-layered glass reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the wiper ring (110) is triangular, and the wiper ring (110) has equally spaced notches. The cleaning frame (107) has a water guide groove (201) inside that is connected to the bottom of the wiper ring (110). The threaded rod (106) is connected to a support ring (202) at both ends. The support ring (202) at the top is connected to an upper threaded tube (203) at the bottom. The bottom of the upper threaded tube (203) is rotatably connected to the cleaning frame (107). The rotating ring (108) at the bottom is connected to an inner threaded tube (204) and an outer threaded tube (205) at the top. The tops of the inner threaded tube (204) and the outer threaded tube (205) are rotatably connected to the cleaning frame (107). The rotating ring (108) at the bottom is provided with a through hole for water leakage. The through hole on the rotating ring (108) and the outlet of the water guide groove (201) are both located between the inner threaded tube (204) and the outer threaded tube (205).

3. The double-layered glass reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A drain rack (206) is connected to the inner wall of the outer shell (103). A water baffle (207) is connected to the drain rack (206) at equal intervals. The water baffle (207) is connected to the pipe on the outer coil (105). The water baffle (207) is connected to the interior of the drain rack (206). One side of the water baffle (207) is open. The opening on the water baffle (207) faces the higher side of the pipe. The bottom of the outer casing (103) is connected to a ramp (208), and the ramp (208) is connected to a splash guard (209) arranged at equal intervals. The top of the splash guard (209) is arranged in a direction away from the axis. The bottom of the splash guard (209) is provided with water passage holes for liquid flow at equal intervals. The bottom of the ramp (208) is provided with through holes for liquid to pass through.

4. The double-layered glass reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: A gas supply pipe (301) is connected between the condenser and the vessel body (102). An airflow rack (302) is connected to the outer shell (103). The gas supply pipe (301) and the airflow rack (302) are internally connected. A first guide plate (303) and a second guide plate (304) are connected inside the airflow rack (302). The ends of the first guide plate (303) and the second guide plate (304) away from the gas supply pipe (301) are both set towards the rotating ring (108). A slot for downward airflow is opened at the bottom of the airflow rack (302). A fixed frame (305) is connected to the top inside the outer shell (103). The rotating ring (108) and the fixed frame (305) are rotatably connected. A rotary motor (306) is connected to the outside of the outer shell (103). A chain drive assembly (307) is connected between the top of the rotating ring (108) and the rotary motor (306).

5. The double-layered glass reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: A driven ring (401) is connected to the top of the outer wall of the rotating ring (108). A lifting rod (402) is slidably connected to the top of the fixed frame (305). A groove (403) is provided on the driven ring (401). A roller located in the groove (403) is connected to the bottom of the lifting rod (402). A driven rod (404) is provided on the top of the lifting rod (402). One end of the driven rod (404) is rotatably connected to the outer shell (103). A groove (404) is provided on the driven rod (404). A drive slide (405) is provided. A top cover (406) is connected to the top of the outer shell (103). An exhaust port is provided on the top cover (406). A sealing cover (413) is provided at the end of the driven rod (404) away from the outer shell (103). A slide is provided at the bottom of the sealing cover (413). The driven rod (404) is slidably connected in the slide. A guide frame (407) is connected inside the top cover (406). The sealing cover (413) is slidably connected to the guide frame (407). The top cover (406) is internally connected to an upper limit plate (408) and a lower limit plate (409). A conical ring (410) is slidably connected between the upper limit plate (408) and the lower limit plate (409). The top of the sealing cover (413) is connected to a conical block (411) corresponding to the conical ring (410). The bottom of the upper limit plate (408) is connected to an electromagnet (412). The top of the conical ring (410) is connected to a permanent magnet corresponding to the electromagnet (412). The top cover (406) is internally connected to a pressure sensor, which is signal-connected to the electromagnet (412).

6. The double-layered glass reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The collection bottle (111) has a discharge cavity (501) inside. The discharge assembly includes a fan-shaped frame (502) and a connecting pipe (503) connected to the bottom of the fan-shaped frame (502). The fan-shaped frame (502) is rotatably connected to the discharge cavity (501). An opening (504) is provided on the fan-shaped frame (502). A drainage groove (505) extending into the discharge cavity (501) is provided on the inner wall of the collection bottle (111). The drainage groove (505) is obliquely arranged. The interior of the connecting pipe (503) is provided with a water trough (506) that communicates with the opening (504). The bottom outlet of the water trough (506) is located at the bottom of the settling bottle (112). The bottom of the settling bottle (112) is connected to an upper cover plate (507) and a lower cover plate (508). The bottom of the outer wall of the connecting pipe (503) is connected to a rotating plate (509) located between the upper cover plate (507) and the lower cover plate (508). Both the upper cover plate (507) and the lower cover plate (508) are provided with through drainage holes (510). The rotating plate (509) is provided with a fan-shaped control hole (511).

7. The double-layered glass reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the standing bottle (112) is provided with a discharge motor (601), which is connected to the frame (101). The output end of the discharge motor (601) is connected to a worm (602), and the bottom of the connecting pipe (503) is connected to a worm wheel (603) that meshes with the worm (602). The inside of the collection bottle (111) is connected to an arc panel (604), and a water drop hole is provided on the circumferential surface of the arc panel (604). A spiral water guide frame (605) is connected to the top of the arc panel (604). The frame (101) is connected to a storage bottle (606) located below the standing bottle (112). One drain hole (510) on the lower cover plate (508) is connected to the storage bottle (606), and another drain hole (510) is connected to a guide tube (607).

8. The double-layered glass reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control component includes a central rod (701), an upper floating plate (702) and a lower floating plate (703) slidably connected to the central rod (701). The density of the upper floating plate (702) is less than the density of the liquid at the top of the stratified liquid, and the density of the lower floating plate (703) is greater than the density of the liquid at the top of the stratified liquid and less than the density of the liquid at the bottom. A contact sensor (704) is connected to the bottom of both the upper floating plate (702) and the lower floating plate (703). The contact sensor (704) is connected to the discharge motor (601) via a signal. The top of the central rod (701) is threaded with a disassembly plate (705), and the bottom of the central rod (701) is connected with a mounting platform (706), which is threaded to the bottom of the standing bottle (112).

9. A reaction method using a double-layered glass reactor, characterized in that, Using the double-layered glass reactor as described in claim 8 includes the following steps: S1, Reaction: Add the reaction solution into the vessel body (102), put the added material into the dropping funnel, start the stirring device on the frame (101), open the dropping switch at the bottom of the dropping funnel, and the added material will react with the stirred solution; S2, Condensation: The water vapor generated by the solution enters the condenser through the gas supply pipe (301), and will first move downward to contact the outer coil (105), and then contact the inner coil (104) to gradually condense, and finally be discharged from the top of the condenser. S3, Scraping: Start the rotary motor (306). The rotary motor (306) drives the rotating ring (108) to rotate through the chain drive assembly (307), and drives the cleaning frame (107) to rotate around the threaded rod (106). When rotating, the internal scraper ring (110) scrapes off the condensed liquid, and the scraped liquid will flow to the bottom of the condensation device. S4. Settling: The liquid at the bottom of the condenser will flow into the collection bottle (111). When the liquid level in the collection bottle (111) is reached, the discharge motor (601) is started to discharge the settled liquid in the settling bottle (112). After the liquid at the bottom is discharged, the lower float (703) will sink to the bottom. Then the discharge motor (601) is driven to rotate to the second drain hole (510) until the internal liquid is drained. Finally, the liquid in the collection bottle (111) is transported into the settling bottle (112) for settling.

10. The double-layered glass reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that: Double-walled glass reactors are used in laboratories.

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