Dioscorea opposita water culture device and water culture method

Abstract

According to the technical scheme, the Chinese yam water planting device is characterized in that the device comprises a pot body with an opening in one end, a plurality of cultivation plates are arranged in the pot body, a plurality of guiding mechanisms corresponding to the cultivation plates one to one are arranged on the pot body, the cultivation plates are movably arranged on the guiding mechanisms, and the guiding mechanisms are arranged on the pot body. The guide mechanism is used for driving the cultivation tray to move up and down; a through hole for the root of the Chinese yam to penetrate out is formed in the cultivation plate, and a fixing mechanism for fixing the head of the Chinese yam is arranged on the cultivation plate and located at the through hole; the heads of Chinese yams are fixed to the cultivation plates through the fixing mechanisms, the roots of the Chinese yams penetrate through the through holes and then are immersed into the nutrient solution, the Chinese yams make contact with the bottom wall of the pot body after growing, the cultivation plates are pushed to move upwards along the guiding mechanisms, and therefore the Chinese yams can grow vertically; during harvesting, the Chinese yams can be taken out from the through holes only by separating the fixing mechanism from the heads of the Chinese yams, and harvesting of the Chinese yams is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crop cultivation technology, and more specifically, to a hydroponic device and method for growing yams. Background Technology

[0002] Chinese yam, also known as Chinese yam, is the rhizome of a plant belonging to the genus Dioscorea in the family Dioscoreaceae. It is mainly distributed in North China, Northwest China, and the Yangtze River basin, including Jiangsu, Jiangxi, and Hubei provinces. Rich in saponins, mucilage, starch, glycoproteins, amino acids, vitamins, and various trace elements, Chinese yam possesses beneficial effects such as nourishing the skin and improving complexion, anti-tumor activity, anti-aging, enhancing immune function, and regulating endocrine function. It is a highly promising nutritional and health-promoting food.

[0003] Traditional yam cultivation techniques require deep trench planting and deep digging for harvesting, which is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and easily damages the tubers. For example, an invention patent with Chinese patent application number 200510018294.1 discloses a method for directional tuber formation cultivation of yam. The technical solution is as follows: after directly ridging, a plastic film or other rigid material is laid as a base in the soil at a depth of 10-15cm from the ridge slope, with the slope forming an angle of 25-45 degrees with the horizontal plane. Yam seeds are sown in the soil 4-10cm above the rigid material on the ridge, allowing the tubers to grow and elongate directionally along the material when forming tubers.

[0004] Although this cultivation method can reduce the depth of digging, the yam tubers still need to be removed from the soil during harvesting, making harvesting difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a hydroponic device and method for yam cultivation. A fixing mechanism secures the yam head to a cultivation tray, allowing the yam roots to penetrate through a hole and immerse in nutrient solution. As the yam grows, it contacts the bottom wall of the tray and pushes the cultivation tray upwards along a guide mechanism, facilitating vertical growth of the yam. During harvesting, simply separating the fixing mechanism from the yam head allows the yam to be easily removed from the hole, simplifying the harvesting process.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hydroponic device for yam, comprising: a basin with one end open, a plurality of cultivation trays disposed in the basin, a plurality of guide mechanisms corresponding one-to-one with the cultivation trays disposed on the basin, the cultivation trays being movably disposed on the guide mechanisms, the guide mechanisms being used to drive the cultivation trays to move up and down; the cultivation trays having through holes for the yam roots to pass through, and a fixing mechanism for fixing the yam heads disposed on the cultivation trays and located at the through holes.

[0007] Specifically, when planting yams, first place the pre-grown yam seedlings into a cultivation tray, ensuring the yam roots pass through the holes. Secure the yam heads to the fixing mechanism. Then, place the cultivation tray into a container filled with nutrient solution for yam growth, with the yam roots submerged below the solution's surface. As the yam absorbs nutrients, it initially contacts the bottom of the container. Because the yam heads are secured, the cultivation tray gradually moves upwards along the guide mechanism during growth, keeping the yam roots constantly submerged in the nutrient solution. Once the yam is mature, separate the yam heads from the fixing mechanism and remove the yam from the holes for harvesting.

[0008] The yam head is fixed to the cultivation tray by a fixing mechanism, and the yam root is immersed in the nutrient solution after passing through the through hole. After the yam grows, it comes into contact with the bottom wall of the pot and pushes the cultivation tray upward along the guide mechanism to facilitate the vertical growth of the yam. When harvesting, the fixing mechanism is simply separated from the yam head, and the yam can be taken out from the through hole, making the harvesting of yam convenient.

[0009] Optionally, the guiding mechanism includes two guide rods disposed on both sides of the through hole, both guide rods being disposed in the pot body, and two guide holes corresponding to the two guide rods being opened on the cultivation tray, the guide rods passing through the corresponding guide holes and being slidably connected to the cultivation tray.

[0010] Specifically, when the yam grows in the pot, the yam root contacts the bottom of the pot and pushes the cultivation tray upward along the guide rod. Since the two guide rods are symmetrically set on the cultivation tray and located on both sides of the through hole pair, the cultivation tray can only be pushed upward when the yam grows vertically, thus restricting the growth direction of the yam.

[0011] Optionally, the guiding mechanism includes: a mounting plate and two guide rods disposed on both sides of the through hole. Both guide rods are disposed in the pot body, and the lower ends of the two guide rods are fixed to the cultivation tray. A guide rail is disposed at the top of the pot body and at the opening of the pot body. Sliding grooves are disposed on both sides of the mounting plate. The guide rails are slidably connected to the sliding grooves. A connecting hole is provided on the mounting plate for the guide rods to pass through. The guide rods are slidably connected to the connecting hole.

[0012] Specifically, when the yams grow in the pot, their roots contact the bottom of the pot, pushing the cultivation tray upwards. Since two guide rods are fixed to the cultivation tray, the tray can move the guide rods within the connecting holes. By using an installation plate, during harvesting, all guide rods only need to be moved to their highest point, and then the installation plate is pulled, causing it to move along the guide rail. The installation plate then moves all the cultivation trays outside the pot, enabling simultaneous harvesting of multiple yams.

[0013] Optionally, the guiding mechanism further includes a lifting motor and a detection component for detecting the position of the yam root; the lifting motor is mounted on the mounting plate, and a toothed groove extending along its length is provided on the guide rod. A drive gear is provided at the output end of the lifting motor, and the drive gear meshes with the toothed groove. The detection component is located inside the pot and below the cultivation tray. When the detection component detects that the position of the yam root has reached a preset position, the lifting motor drives the drive gear to rotate a specified number of revolutions, and the guide rod moves upward under the action of the drive gear and the toothed groove, causing the yam on the cultivation tray to move upward a preset distance.

[0014] Specifically, when the yam is growing in the pot, the detection component detects that the yam root has grown to a preset position. Then, the lifting motor starts, causing the drive gear to rotate a specified number of times. Because the drive gear meshes with the toothed groove on the guide rod, the guide rod is lifted a preset distance under the action of the drive gear. The cultivation tray connected to the guide rod also moves upward a preset distance, raising the yam root above the preset position. Since the yam root can be detected by the detection component before it contacts the bottom wall of the pot, the yam root does not come into contact with the bottom wall, and the yam's growth is not affected by the bottom wall, thereby increasing the yam's growth rate.

[0015] Optionally, the detection component includes an infrared sensor and a controller. The infrared sensor is disposed in the pot and located below the cultivation tray. The infrared sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the lifting motor. When the infrared sensor detects that the position of the yam root has reached a preset position, the controller drives the lifting motor to start, causing the drive gear to rotate a specified number of times. The guide rod moves upward under the action of the drive gear and the toothed groove, and the yam on the cultivation tray moves upward a preset distance.

[0016] Specifically, the infrared sensor includes a transmitter and a receiver, located on opposite sides of the pot at the same height. When there are no obstructions between the transmitter and receiver, the infrared radiation emitted by the transmitter can be received by the receiver. However, once the yam roots grow between the transmitter and receiver, the infrared radiation emitted by the transmitter is blocked by the yam roots, preventing the receiver from receiving the infrared feedback signal from the transmitter and sending it to the controller. The controller then activates the lifting motor, causing it to rotate a specified number of times, moving the guide rod upwards a preset distance, thereby moving the yam on the cultivation tray upwards a preset distance.

[0017] Optionally, a clearance groove is provided on one side of the basin, and the clearance groove is connected to the opening of the basin. After the yam matures, the mounting plate is moved along the length of the guide rail, and the cultivation tray can pass through the clearance groove and move out of the basin.

[0018] Specifically, when moving the cultivation trays via the mounting plate, the clearance grooves connected to the opening of the pot allow the cultivation trays to pass through, enabling convenient batch placement of cultivation trays into the pot.

[0019] Optionally, the cultivation tray includes: a connecting part and a cultivation part; the connecting part is connected to a guiding mechanism, the cultivation part is located in the middle of the connecting part, the cultivation part is in the shape of a hollow frustum, the through hole is located at the bottom end of the cultivation part, and the fixing mechanism is located inside the cultivation part.

[0020] Specifically, the fixing mechanism secures the yam seed to the cultivation section and allows the yam roots to penetrate through holes. As the yam grows, it pushes the cultivation section upward, which in turn moves the connecting section on the guiding mechanism, thus enabling hydroponics of the yam.

[0021] Optionally, the fixing mechanism is an elastic sleeve, which is disposed inside the cultivation section and has a fixing hole for the yam head to pass through.

[0022] Specifically, the outer end of the elastic sleeve is fixed to the inner wall of the cultivation tray, and the opening of the fixing hole in the elastic sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the yam head of the seed yam. In use, first open the fixing hole of the elastic sleeve, pass the yam root through the fixing hole, ensuring the root extends deep enough to contact the nutrient solution. Then, remove the support from the fixing hole, and the elastic sleeve returns to its original position, fitting tightly against the yam head at the fixing hole, thus securing the seed yam. After the yam matures, the fixing hole can be opened again, allowing the yam root to be removed from the cultivation tray.

[0023] Optionally, the elastic sleeve divides the cultivation area into a soiled area and a soilless area; the soiled area is located above the elastic sleeve, and the soilless area is located below the elastic sleeve.

[0024] Specifically, because the fixing holes of the elastic sleeve can fit tightly with the yam head, after fixing the yam head to the elastic sleeve, soil can be laid on the soil-covered area above the elastic sleeve. Since the soil-covered area is isolated by the elastic sleeve, the soil will not fall into the pot. By setting up a soil-covered area and laying soil in it, the fixing effect of the yam can be improved.

[0025] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for hydroponic cultivation of yam, using the hydroponic yam device described above, comprising:

[0026] The yam seed is fixed in the cultivation tray with the head of the yam facing upwards and the root facing downwards using a fixing mechanism.

[0027] Pour nutrient solution into the pot, with the cultivation tray positioned above the nutrient solution surface, and the yam roots immersed in the nutrient solution.

[0028] After the yam roots absorb the nutrient solution and grow, they come into contact with the bottom of the pot and push the cultivation tray upwards along the guide mechanism;

[0029] After the yam seed tubers develop into marketable tubers, the cultivation tray is moved along the guide mechanism and removed from the pot, and the marketable tubers are removed from the fixing mechanism.

[0030] Specifically, the yam head is fixed to the cultivation tray by a fixing mechanism, and the yam root is immersed in the nutrient solution after passing through the through hole. After the yam grows, it comes into contact with the bottom wall of the pot and pushes the cultivation tray upward along the guide mechanism to facilitate the vertical growth of the yam. When harvesting, it is only necessary to separate the fixing mechanism from the yam head to remove the yam from the through hole, which is convenient for harvesting the yam.

[0031] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] The yam head is fixed to the cultivation tray by a fixing mechanism, and the yam root is immersed in the nutrient solution after passing through the through hole. After the yam grows, it comes into contact with the bottom wall of the pot and pushes the cultivation tray upward along the guide mechanism to facilitate vertical growth of the yam and realize hydroponics. When harvesting, the fixing mechanism is simply separated from the yam head, and the yam can be taken out from the through hole, making the harvesting of yam convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the yam hydroponic device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the yam hydroponic device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the yam hydroponic device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the yam hydroponic device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the yam hydroponic device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the yam hydroponic device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 These are schematic diagrams of the cultivation trays in Embodiments 2 and 3 of the present invention.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Pot body; 2. Cultivation tray; 21. Connecting part; 22. Cultivation part; 3. Guiding mechanism; 31. Guide rod; 32. Lifting motor; 33. Detection component; 4. Through hole; 5. Fixing mechanism; 6. Mounting plate; 7. Guide rail; 8. Toothed groove; 9. Drive gear; 10. Relief groove; 11. Soiled area; 12. Soilless area; 13. Fixing protrusion; 14. Sliding groove. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0042] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0043] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] This embodiment provides a hydroponic device for yam cultivation, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a basin 1 with one end open, several cultivation trays 2 are arranged inside the basin 1, several guide mechanisms 3 corresponding one-to-one with the cultivation trays 2 are arranged on the basin 1, the cultivation trays 2 are movably arranged on the guide mechanisms 3; the cultivation trays 2 have through holes 4 for the yam roots to pass through, and a fixing mechanism 5 for fixing the yam head is arranged on the cultivation trays 2 at the through holes 4.

[0046] Specifically, when planting yams, first place the completed yam seedlings into the cultivation tray 2, ensuring the yam roots pass through the through-hole 4, and fix the yam head in the fixing mechanism 5. Then, place the cultivation tray 2 into the pot 1 along the guide mechanism 3. The pot 1 contains nutrient solution for yam growth, with the yam roots below the surface of the nutrient solution. As the yam absorbs nutrients from the solution, it first contacts the bottom wall of the pot 1. Because the yam head is fixed by the fixing mechanism 5, the cultivation tray 2 gradually moves upward along the guide mechanism 3 during the yam's growth, keeping the yam roots always within the nutrient solution. Once the yam is mature, separate the yam head from the fixing mechanism 5 and remove the yam from the through-hole 4 to harvest it.

[0047] The yam head is fixed to the cultivation tray 2 by the fixing mechanism 5, and the yam root is immersed in the nutrient solution after passing through the through hole 4. After the yam grows, it contacts the bottom wall of the pot 1 and pushes the cultivation tray 2 upward along the guide mechanism 3 to facilitate the vertical growth of the yam. When harvesting, it is only necessary to separate the fixing mechanism 5 from the yam head to take the yam out of the through hole 4, which is convenient for yam harvesting.

[0048] Optionally, the guiding mechanism 3 includes two guide rods 31 disposed on both sides of the through hole 4. Both guide rods 31 are disposed inside the pot body 1. Two guide holes corresponding to the two guide rods 31 are opened on the cultivation tray 2. The guide rods 31 pass through the corresponding guide holes and are slidably connected to the cultivation tray 2.

[0049] Specifically, when the yam grows in the pot 1, the yam root contacts the bottom of the pot 1 and pushes the cultivation tray 2 upward along the guide rod 31. Since the two guide rods 31 are symmetrically arranged on the cultivation tray 2 and located on both sides of the through hole 4, the cultivation tray 2 can only be pushed upward when the yam grows vertically, thus restricting the growth direction of the yam.

[0050] Optionally, the cultivation tray 2 includes: a connecting part 21 and a cultivation part 22; the connecting part 21 is connected to the guide mechanism 3, the cultivation part 22 is located in the middle of the connecting part 21, the cultivation part 22 is in the shape of a hollow frustum, the through hole 4 is located at the bottom of the cultivation part 22, and the fixing mechanism 5 is located inside the cultivation part 22.

[0051] Specifically, the fixing mechanism 5 fixes the yam seed to the cultivation part 22 and allows the yam root to pass through the through hole 4. As the yam grows, it pushes the cultivation part 22 upward, and the cultivation part 22 drives the connecting part 21 to move on the guide mechanism 3, thus realizing hydroponics of the yam. In this embodiment, the cultivation part 22 and the connecting part 21 are integrally formed.

[0052] Optionally, the fixing mechanism 5 is an elastic sleeve, which is set inside the cultivation section 22 and has fixing holes for the yam head to pass through.

[0053] Specifically, the outer end of the elastic sleeve is fixed to the inner wall of the cultivation section 22, and the opening of the fixing hole of the elastic sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the yam head of the yam seed. In use, first open the fixing hole of the elastic sleeve, pass the yam root of the yam seed through the fixing hole, and ensure that the yam root extends out of the through hole 4 to contact the nutrient solution. Then, remove the support from the fixing hole, and the elastic sleeve returns to its original position, fitting tightly against the yam head at the fixing hole, thus completing the fixing of the yam seed. After the yam matures, by opening the fixing hole, the yam root can be removed from the cultivation tray 2 through the fixing hole.

[0054] Optionally, the elastic sleeve divides the cultivation section 22 into a soil-containing area 11 and a soilless area 12; the soil-containing area 11 is located above the elastic sleeve, and the soilless area 12 is located below the elastic sleeve.

[0055] Specifically, since the fixing holes of the elastic sleeve can fit tightly with the yam head, after the yam head is fixed on the elastic sleeve, soil can be laid on the soil area 11 above the elastic sleeve. Because the soil area 11 is isolated by the elastic sleeve, the soil will not fall into the pot body 1. By setting up the soil area 11 and laying soil in the soil area 11, the fixing effect of the yam can be improved.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] This embodiment provides a hydroponic device for yam cultivation, such as... Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, it includes: a basin 1 with one end open, several cultivation trays 2 are arranged inside the basin 1, several guide mechanisms 3 corresponding one-to-one with the cultivation trays 2 are arranged on the basin 1, the cultivation trays 2 are movably arranged on the guide mechanisms 3; the cultivation trays 2 have through holes 4 for the yam roots to pass through, and a fixing mechanism 5 for fixing the yam head is arranged on the cultivation trays 2 at the through holes 4.

[0058] Specifically, when planting yams, first place the completed yam seedlings into the cultivation tray 2, ensuring the yam roots pass through the through-hole 4, and fix the yam head in the fixing mechanism 5. Then, place the cultivation tray 2 into the pot 1 along the guide mechanism 3. The pot 1 contains nutrient solution for yam growth, with the yam roots below the surface of the nutrient solution. As the yam absorbs nutrients from the solution, it first contacts the bottom wall of the pot 1. Because the yam head is fixed by the fixing mechanism 5, the cultivation tray 2 gradually moves upward along the guide mechanism 3 during the yam's growth, keeping the yam roots always within the nutrient solution. Once the yam is mature, separate the yam head from the fixing mechanism 5 and remove the yam from the through-hole 4 to harvest it.

[0059] The yam head is fixed to the cultivation tray 2 by the fixing mechanism 5, and the yam root is immersed in the nutrient solution after passing through the through hole 4. After the yam grows, it contacts the bottom wall of the pot 1 and pushes the cultivation tray 2 upward along the guide mechanism 3 to facilitate the vertical growth of the yam. When harvesting, it is only necessary to separate the fixing mechanism 5 from the yam head to take the yam out of the through hole 4, which is convenient for yam harvesting.

[0060] Optionally, the guiding mechanism 3 includes: a mounting plate 6 and two guide rods 31 disposed on both sides of the through hole 4. Both guide rods 31 are disposed inside the pot body 1. The lower ends of the two guide rods 31 are fixed to the cultivation tray 2. A guide rail 7 is disposed at the top of the pot body 1 and at the opening of the pot body 1. Sliding grooves are disposed on both sides of the mounting plate 6. The guide rail 7 is slidably connected to the sliding grooves. A connecting hole is provided on the mounting plate 6 for the guide rods 31 to pass through. The guide rods 31 are slidably connected to the connecting hole.

[0061] Specifically, when the yam grows in the pot 1, the yam roots contact the bottom of the pot 1, pushing the cultivation tray 2 upwards. Since the two guide rods 31 are fixed on the cultivation tray 2, the cultivation tray 2 drives the guide rods 31 to slide within the connecting holes. By setting the mounting plate 6, during harvesting, it is only necessary to move all the guide rods 31 to the highest point, and then pull the mounting plate 6 to move it along the guide rail 7. The mounting plate 6 drives all the cultivation trays 2 to move outside the pot 1, realizing the simultaneous harvesting of multiple yams.

[0062] Optionally, a relief groove 10 is provided on one side of the pot 1. The relief groove 10 is connected to the opening of the pot 1. After the yam matures, the mounting plate 6 is moved along the length of the guide rail 7, and the cultivation tray 2 can pass through the relief groove 10 and move to the outside of the pot 1.

[0063] Specifically, when the cultivation tray 2 is moved by the mounting plate 6, the clearance groove 10 connected to the opening of the pot 1 allows the cultivation tray 2 to pass through, which enables convenient batch placement of the cultivation tray 2 into the pot 1.

[0064] Optionally, the cultivation tray 2 includes: a connecting part 21 and a cultivation part 22; the connecting part 21 is connected to the guide mechanism 3, the cultivation part 22 is located in the middle of the connecting part 21, the cultivation part 22 is in the shape of a hollow frustum, the through hole 4 is located at the bottom of the cultivation part 22, and the fixing mechanism 5 is located inside the cultivation part 22.

[0065] Specifically, the fixing mechanism 5 fixes the yam seed in the cultivation part 22 and makes the yam root penetrate the through hole 4. As the yam grows, the yam pushes the cultivation part 22 to move upward. The cultivation part 22 drives the connecting part 21 to move on the guide mechanism 3, thus realizing the hydroponics of yam.

[0066] In this embodiment, the cultivation part 22 and the connecting part 21 are detachably connected. The connecting part 21 has several fixing protrusions 13, and the cultivation part 22 has several sliding grooves 14 corresponding to the fixing protrusions 13. A limiting block is provided at the upper end of each fixing protrusion 13, and the width of the limiting block is greater than the width of the opening of the sliding groove 14. When assembling the cultivation part 22 and the connecting part 21, simply position the fixing protrusions 13 outside the sliding grooves 14, then rotate the cultivation part 22 to embed the fixing protrusions 13 into the sliding grooves 14. The limiting block then limits the upper surface of the cultivation part 22, allowing the cultivation part 22 and the connecting part 21 to move up and down synchronously. When disassembling the cultivation part 22 and the connecting part 21, simply rotate the cultivation part 22 to separate the fixing protrusions 13 from the sliding grooves 14, allowing the cultivation part 22 to be directly removed from the connecting part 21.

[0067] Optionally, the fixing mechanism 5 is an elastic sleeve, which is set inside the cultivation section 22 and has fixing holes for the yam head to pass through.

[0068] Specifically, the outer end of the elastic sleeve is fixed to the inner wall of the cultivation section 22, and the opening of the fixing hole of the elastic sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the yam head of the yam seed. In use, first open the fixing hole of the elastic sleeve, pass the yam root of the yam seed through the fixing hole, and ensure that the yam root extends out of the through hole 4 to contact the nutrient solution. Then, remove the support from the fixing hole, and the elastic sleeve returns to its original position, fitting tightly against the yam head at the fixing hole, thus completing the fixing of the yam seed. After the yam matures, by opening the fixing hole, the yam root can be removed from the cultivation tray 2 through the fixing hole.

[0069] Optionally, the elastic sleeve divides the cultivation section 22 into a soil-containing area 11 and a soilless area 12; the soil-containing area 11 is located above the elastic sleeve, and the soilless area 12 is located below the elastic sleeve.

[0070] Specifically, since the fixing holes of the elastic sleeve can fit tightly with the yam head, after the yam head is fixed on the elastic sleeve, soil can be laid on the soil area 11 above the elastic sleeve. Because the soil area 11 is isolated by the elastic sleeve, the soil will not fall into the pot body 1. By setting up the soil area 11 and laying soil in the soil area 11, the fixing effect of the yam can be improved.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] This embodiment provides a hydroponic device for yam cultivation, such as... Figure 5-7 As shown, it includes: a basin 1 with one end open, several cultivation trays 2 are arranged inside the basin 1, several guide mechanisms 3 corresponding one-to-one with the cultivation trays 2 are arranged on the basin 1, the cultivation trays 2 are movably arranged on the guide mechanisms 3; the cultivation trays 2 have through holes 4 for the yam roots to pass through, and a fixing mechanism 5 for fixing the yam head is arranged on the cultivation trays 2 at the through holes 4.

[0073] Specifically, when planting yams, first place the completed yam seedlings into the cultivation tray 2, ensuring the yam roots pass through the through-hole 4, and fix the yam head in the fixing mechanism 5. Then, place the cultivation tray 2 into the pot 1 along the guide mechanism 3. The pot 1 contains nutrient solution for yam growth, with the yam roots below the surface of the nutrient solution. As the yam absorbs nutrients from the solution, it first contacts the bottom wall of the pot 1. Because the yam head is fixed by the fixing mechanism 5, the cultivation tray 2 gradually moves upward along the guide mechanism 3 during the yam's growth, keeping the yam roots always within the nutrient solution. Once the yam is mature, separate the yam head from the fixing mechanism 5 and remove the yam from the through-hole 4 to harvest it.

[0074] The yam head is fixed to the cultivation tray 2 by the fixing mechanism 5, and the yam root is immersed in the nutrient solution after passing through the through hole 4. After the yam grows, it contacts the bottom wall of the pot 1 and pushes the cultivation tray 2 upward along the guide mechanism 3 to facilitate the vertical growth of the yam. When harvesting, it is only necessary to separate the fixing mechanism 5 from the yam head to take the yam out of the through hole 4, which is convenient for yam harvesting.

[0075] Optionally, the guiding mechanism 3 includes: a mounting plate 6 and two guide rods 31 disposed on both sides of the through hole 4. Both guide rods 31 are disposed inside the pot body 1. The lower ends of the two guide rods 31 are fixed to the cultivation tray 2. A guide rail 7 is disposed at the top of the pot body 1 and at the opening of the pot body 1. Sliding grooves are disposed on both sides of the mounting plate 6. The guide rail 7 is slidably connected to the sliding grooves. A connecting hole is provided on the mounting plate 6 for the guide rods 31 to pass through. The guide rods 31 are slidably connected to the connecting hole.

[0076] Specifically, when the yam grows in the pot 1, the yam roots contact the bottom of the pot 1, pushing the cultivation tray 2 upwards. Since the two guide rods 31 are fixed on the cultivation tray 2, the cultivation tray 2 drives the guide rods 31 to slide within the connecting holes. By setting the mounting plate 6, during harvesting, it is only necessary to move all the guide rods 31 to the highest point, and then pull the mounting plate 6 to move it along the guide rail 7. The mounting plate 6 drives all the cultivation trays 2 to move outside the pot 1, realizing the simultaneous harvesting of multiple yams.

[0077] Optionally, the guide mechanism 3 also includes a lifting motor 32 and a detection component 33 for detecting the position of the yam root. The lifting motor 32 is mounted on the mounting plate 6, and a toothed groove 8 extending along its length is provided on the guide rod 31. A drive gear 9 is provided at the output end of the lifting motor 32, and the drive gear 9 meshes with the toothed groove 8. The detection component 33 is located inside the pot 1 and below the cultivation tray 2. When the detection component 33 detects that the position of the yam root has reached a preset position, the lifting motor 32 drives the drive gear 9 to rotate a specified number of times. Under the action of the drive gear 9 and the toothed groove 8, the guide rod 31 moves upward, and the yam on the cultivation tray 2 moves upward a preset distance.

[0078] Specifically, when the yam grows in the pot 1, after the detection component 33 detects that the yam root has grown to a preset position, the lifting motor 32 starts, driving the drive gear 9 to rotate a specified number of times. Since the drive gear 9 meshes with the toothed groove 8 on the guide rod 31, the guide rod 31 is lifted a preset distance under the action of the drive gear 9. The cultivation tray 2 connected to the guide rod 31 also moves upward a preset distance, causing the yam root to rise above the preset position. Because the yam root can be identified by the detection component 33 before it contacts the bottom wall of the pot 1, the yam root does not contact the bottom wall of the pot 1, and the growth of the yam is not affected by the bottom wall, thereby improving the growth rate of the yam.

[0079] Optionally, the detection component 33 includes an infrared sensor and a controller. The infrared sensor is installed inside the pot 1 and located below the cultivation tray 2. The infrared sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the lifting motor 32. When the infrared sensor detects that the position of the yam root has reached a preset position, the controller drives the lifting motor 32 to start, causing the drive gear 9 to rotate a specified number of times. The guide rod 31 moves upward under the action of the drive gear 9 and the toothed groove 8, and the yam on the cultivation tray 2 moves upward a preset distance.

[0080] Specifically, the infrared sensor includes a transmitter and a receiver, located on opposite sides of the pot 1 at the same height. When there is no obstruction between the transmitter and receiver, the infrared radiation emitted by the transmitter can be received by the receiver. However, after the yam roots grow between the transmitter and receiver, the infrared radiation emitted by the transmitter is blocked by the yam roots, preventing the receiver from receiving the infrared feedback signal from the transmitter and sending it to the controller. The controller then controls the lifting motor 32 to start and rotate a specified number of times, causing the guide rod 31 to move upwards a preset distance, thereby moving the yam on the cultivation tray 2 upwards a preset distance. The controller is a commonly used existing controller, such as an MCU, PLC, microcontroller, or PC. In this embodiment, a PLC processor is selected. The PLC processor stores a program that controls the lifting motor to rotate a specified number of times after receiving an electrical signal from the receiver. The number of rotations of the lifting motor can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0081] Optionally, a relief groove 10 is provided on one side of the pot 1. The relief groove 10 is connected to the opening of the pot 1. After the yam matures, the mounting plate 6 is moved along the length of the guide rail 7, and the cultivation tray 2 can pass through the relief groove 10 and move to the outside of the pot 1.

[0082] Specifically, when the cultivation tray 2 is moved by the mounting plate 6, the clearance groove 10 connected to the opening of the pot 1 allows the cultivation tray 2 to pass through, which enables convenient batch placement of the cultivation tray 2 into the pot 1.

[0083] Optionally, the cultivation tray 2 includes: a connecting part 21 and a cultivation part 22; the connecting part 21 is connected to the guide mechanism 3, the cultivation part 22 is located in the middle of the connecting part 21, the cultivation part 22 is in the shape of a hollow frustum, the through hole 4 is located at the bottom of the cultivation part 22, and the fixing mechanism 5 is located inside the cultivation part 22.

[0084] Specifically, the fixing mechanism 5 fixes the yam seed in the cultivation part 22 and makes the yam root penetrate the through hole 4. As the yam grows, the yam pushes the cultivation part 22 to move upward. The cultivation part 22 drives the connecting part 21 to move on the guide mechanism 3, thus realizing the hydroponics of yam.

[0085] In this embodiment, the cultivation part 22 and the connecting part 21 are detachably connected. The connecting part 21 has several fixing protrusions 13, and the cultivation part 22 has several sliding grooves 14 corresponding to the fixing protrusions 13. A limiting block is provided at the upper end of each fixing protrusion 13, and the width of the limiting block is greater than the width of the opening of the sliding groove 14. When assembling the cultivation part 22 and the connecting part 21, simply position the fixing protrusions 13 outside the sliding grooves 14, then rotate the cultivation part 22 to embed the fixing protrusions 13 into the sliding grooves 14. The limiting block then limits the upper surface of the cultivation part 22, allowing the cultivation part 22 and the connecting part 21 to move up and down synchronously. When disassembling the cultivation part 22 and the connecting part 21, simply rotate the cultivation part 22 to separate the fixing protrusions 13 from the sliding grooves 14, allowing the cultivation part 22 to be directly removed from the connecting part 21.

[0086] Optionally, the fixing mechanism 5 is an elastic sleeve, which is set inside the cultivation section 22 and has fixing holes for the yam head to pass through.

[0087] Specifically, the outer end of the elastic sleeve is fixed to the inner wall of the cultivation section 22, and the opening of the fixing hole of the elastic sleeve is smaller than the diameter of the yam head of the yam seed. In use, first open the fixing hole of the elastic sleeve, pass the yam root of the yam seed through the fixing hole, and ensure that the yam root extends out of the through hole 4 to contact the nutrient solution. Then, remove the support from the fixing hole, and the elastic sleeve returns to its original position, fitting tightly against the yam head at the fixing hole, thus completing the fixing of the yam seed. After the yam matures, by opening the fixing hole, the yam root can be removed from the cultivation tray 2 through the fixing hole.

[0088] Optionally, the elastic sleeve divides the cultivation section 22 into a soil-containing area 11 and a soilless area 12; the soil-containing area 11 is located above the elastic sleeve, and the soilless area 12 is located below the elastic sleeve.

[0089] Specifically, since the fixing holes of the elastic sleeve can fit tightly with the yam head, after the yam head is fixed on the elastic sleeve, soil can be laid on the soil area 11 above the elastic sleeve. Because the soil area 11 is isolated by the elastic sleeve, the soil will not fall into the pot body 1. By setting up the soil area 11 and laying soil in the soil area 11, the fixing effect of the yam can be improved.

[0090] Example 4

[0091] This embodiment provides a method for hydroponic cultivation of yam, using the hydroponic yam device from Embodiment 1, including:

[0092] The yam seed is fixed in the cultivation tray 2 by the fixing mechanism 5, so that the yam head is facing up and the yam root is facing down;

[0093] Pour nutrient solution into pot 1, place cultivation tray 2 above the nutrient solution surface, and immerse the yam roots in the nutrient solution.

[0094] After the yam roots absorb the nutrient solution and grow, they come into contact with the bottom of the pot 1 and push the cultivation tray 2 upward along the guide mechanism 3;

[0095] After the yam seed tubers develop into marketable tubers, the cultivation tray 2 is moved along the guide mechanism 3 and removed from the basin 1, and the marketable tubers are removed from the fixing mechanism 5.

[0096] Specifically, the yam head is fixed to the cultivation tray 2 by the fixing mechanism 5, and the yam root is immersed in the nutrient solution after passing through the through hole 4. After the yam grows, it contacts the bottom wall of the pot 1 and pushes the cultivation tray 2 upward along the guide mechanism 3 to facilitate the vertical growth of the yam. When harvesting, it is only necessary to separate the fixing mechanism 5 from the yam head to take the yam out of the through hole 4, which is convenient for harvesting the yam.

[0097] In this process, when fixing the yam seed tuber in the cultivation tray 2, first open the fixing hole of the elastic sleeve, pass the yam seed tuber through the fixing hole so that the yam root is immersed in the nutrient solution, then remove the support for the fixing hole, and the elastic sleeve returns to its original position and fits tightly against the yam head. During the yam growth process, the yam root contacts the bottom of the pot 1 and pushes the cultivation tray 2 upward along the two guide rods 31. After the yam seed tuber develops into marketable tubers, remove the cultivation tray 2 from the two guide rods 31, open the fixing hole, and the marketable tuber can be removed from the hydroponic device, completing the harvesting of the marketable tuber.

[0098] Example 5

[0099] This embodiment provides a method for hydroponic cultivation of yam, using the hydroponic yam device from Embodiment 2, including:

[0100] The yam seed is fixed in the cultivation tray 2 by the fixing mechanism 5, so that the yam head is facing up and the yam root is facing down;

[0101] Pour nutrient solution into pot 1, place cultivation tray 2 above the nutrient solution surface, and immerse the yam roots in the nutrient solution.

[0102] After the yam roots absorb the nutrient solution and grow, they come into contact with the bottom of the pot 1 and push the cultivation tray 2 upward along the guide mechanism 3;

[0103] After the yam seed tubers develop into marketable tubers, the cultivation tray 2 is moved along the guide mechanism 3 and removed from the basin 1, and the marketable tubers are removed from the fixing mechanism 5.

[0104] Specifically, the yam head is fixed to the cultivation tray 2 by the fixing mechanism 5, and the yam root is immersed in the nutrient solution after passing through the through hole 4. After the yam grows, it contacts the bottom wall of the pot 1 and pushes the cultivation tray 2 upward along the guide mechanism 3 to facilitate the vertical growth of the yam. When harvesting, it is only necessary to separate the fixing mechanism 5 from the yam head to take the yam out of the through hole 4, which is convenient for harvesting the yam.

[0105] In this process, when fixing the yam seed in the cultivation tray 2, the fixing hole of the elastic sleeve is first opened, and the yam seed is passed through the fixing hole so that the yam root is immersed in the nutrient solution. Then, the support for the fixing hole is removed, the elastic sleeve is reset, and it fits tightly against the yam head. During the growth of the yam, the yam root contacts the bottom of the pot 1 and pushes the cultivation tray 2, causing the two guide rods 31 to move upward. After the yam seed has formed marketable tubers, the guide rods 31 are first pulled to make the upper end of the cultivation tray 2 fit against the mounting plate 6. Then, the mounting plate 6 is pulled, and the mounting plate 6 moves all the cultivation trays 2 through the clearance groove 10 and then horizontally outside the pot 1, realizing the batch harvesting of marketable tubers.

[0106] Example 6

[0107] This embodiment provides a method for hydroponic cultivation of yam, using the hydroponic yam device from Embodiment 3, including:

[0108] The yam seed is fixed in the cultivation tray 2 by the fixing mechanism 5, so that the yam head is facing up and the yam root is facing down;

[0109] Pour nutrient solution into pot 1, place cultivation tray 2 above the nutrient solution surface, and immerse the yam roots in the nutrient solution.

[0110] After the yam roots absorb the nutrient solution and grow, they come into contact with the bottom of the pot 1 and push the cultivation tray 2 upward along the guide mechanism 3;

[0111] After the yam seed tubers develop into marketable tubers, the cultivation tray 2 is moved along the guide mechanism 3 and removed from the basin 1, and the marketable tubers are removed from the fixing mechanism 5.

[0112] Specifically, the yam head is fixed to the cultivation tray 2 by the fixing mechanism 5, and the yam root is immersed in the nutrient solution after passing through the through hole 4. After the yam grows, it contacts the bottom wall of the pot 1 and pushes the cultivation tray 2 upward along the guide mechanism 3 to facilitate the vertical growth of the yam. When harvesting, it is only necessary to separate the fixing mechanism 5 from the yam head to take the yam out of the through hole 4, which is convenient for harvesting the yam.

[0113] In this process, when fixing the yam seed in the cultivation tray 2, the fixing hole of the elastic sleeve is first opened, and the yam seed is passed through the fixing hole so that the yam root is immersed in the nutrient solution. Then, the support for the fixing hole is removed, the elastic sleeve is reset, and it fits tightly against the yam head. During the yam growth process, the yam root blocks the infrared rays emitted by the infrared sensor's transmitter. The infrared sensor's receiver sends an electrical signal to the controller, which controls the lifting motor 32 to drive the drive gear 9 to rotate a specified number of times. The guide rod 31 moves upward under the action of the drive gear 9 and the toothed groove 8, and the yam on the cultivation tray 2 moves upward a preset distance. After the yam seed has formed commercial potatoes, the mounting plate 6 is pulled. The mounting plate 6 drives all the cultivation trays 2 to move horizontally outside the basin 1 after passing through the clearance groove 10, realizing the batch harvesting of commercial potatoes.

[0114] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of the present invention's concept are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydroponic device for yam cultivation, characterized in that, include: A basin with one open end has several cultivation trays inside. Several guide mechanisms corresponding to the cultivation trays are provided on the basin. The cultivation trays are movably mounted on the guide mechanisms, which are used to drive the cultivation trays to move up and down. The cultivation trays have through holes for the roots of yams to pass through. A fixing mechanism for fixing the head of the yam is provided on the cultivation tray at the through holes.

2. The yam hydroponic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guiding mechanism includes two guide rods disposed on both sides of the through hole. Both guide rods are disposed in the pot body. Two guide holes corresponding to the two guide rods are opened on the cultivation tray. The guide rods pass through the corresponding guide holes and are slidably connected to the cultivation tray.

3. The yam hydroponic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guiding mechanism includes: a mounting plate and two guide rods disposed on both sides of the through hole. Both guide rods are disposed in the pot body, and the lower ends of the two guide rods are fixed to the cultivation tray. A guide rail is provided at the top of the pot body and at the opening of the pot body. Sliding grooves are provided on both sides of the mounting plate, and the guide rails are slidably connected to the sliding grooves. A connecting hole is provided on the mounting plate for the guide rods to pass through, and the guide rods are slidably connected to the connecting hole.

4. The yam hydroponic device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guiding mechanism also includes a lifting motor and a detection component for detecting the position of the yam root. The lifting motor is mounted on the mounting plate, and a toothed groove extending along the length of the guide rod is provided. A drive gear is provided at the output end of the lifting motor, and the drive gear meshes with the toothed groove. The detection component is located inside the pot and below the cultivation tray. When the detection component detects that the position of the yam root has reached a preset position, the lifting motor drives the drive gear to rotate a specified number of times. Under the action of the drive gear and the toothed groove, the guide rod moves upward, and the yam on the cultivation tray moves upward a preset distance.

5. A hydroponic yam cultivation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detection component includes an infrared sensor and a controller. The infrared sensor is disposed inside the pot and below the cultivation tray. The infrared sensor is electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected to the lifting motor. When the infrared sensor detects that the position of the yam root has reached a preset position, the controller drives the lifting motor to start, causing the drive gear to rotate a specified number of times. The guide rod moves upward under the action of the drive gear and the toothed groove, and the yam on the cultivation tray moves upward a preset distance.

6. A hydroponic yam cultivation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A clearance groove is provided on one side of the basin, and the clearance groove is connected to the opening of the basin. After the yam matures, the mounting plate is moved along the length of the guide rail, and the cultivation tray can be moved out of the basin through the clearance groove.

7. A hydroponic yam cultivation device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The cultivation tray includes a connecting part and a cultivation part; the connecting part is connected to a guiding mechanism, the cultivation part is located in the middle of the connecting part, the cultivation part is in the shape of a hollow frustum, the through hole is located at the bottom end of the cultivation part, and the fixing mechanism is located inside the cultivation part.

8. A hydroponic yam cultivation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism is an elastic sleeve, which is disposed inside the cultivation part, and the elastic sleeve is provided with fixing holes for the yam head to pass through.

9. A hydroponic yam cultivation device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The elastic sleeve divides the cultivation area into a soiled area and a soilless area; the soiled area is located above the elastic sleeve, and the soilless area is located below the elastic sleeve.

10. A method for hydroponic cultivation of yam, using the hydroponic yam device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The yam seed is fixed in the cultivation tray with the head of the yam facing upwards and the root facing downwards using a fixing mechanism. Pour nutrient solution into the pot, with the cultivation tray positioned above the nutrient solution surface, and the yam roots immersed in the nutrient solution. After the yam roots absorb the nutrient solution and grow, they come into contact with the bottom of the pot and push the cultivation tray upwards along the guide mechanism; After the yam seed tubers develop into marketable tubers, the cultivation tray is moved along the guide mechanism and removed from the pot, and the marketable tubers are removed from the fixing mechanism.

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