Device for simulating goaf gangue compression lateral impact and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for simulating lateral impact of goaf gangue compression and a use method of the device, and relates to the technical field of goaf gangue compression simulation detection. The two first fixed side walls are symmetrically and fixedly mounted on the base; the first sliding side walls are arranged on the first fixed side walls in a penetrating and sliding mode, and the space between the two first fixed side walls and the space between the two first sliding side walls are first gangue containing cavities; the end fixing wall is fixedly installed on the base, and the first fixing side wall and the first sliding side wall abut against the end fixing wall. According to the pressure simulation assembly, a pressure head of a press machine abuts against the end, away from a first fixed side wall, of a first sliding side wall; a drop hammer of the punching machine can fall into the first gangue containing cavity. The device has the effects that the stable load and the impact load can be applied to the filling body pattern, and the reducibility and the accuracy of simulation detection are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of goaf gangue compression simulation detection, in particular to a simulation goaf gangue compression lateral impact device and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the fully mechanized caving mining process, the stability control of thick and hard roof is one of the core challenges of the safety of roadway surrounding rock. Due to the dramatic increase in the suspended area of the roof after coal mining, the thick and hard rock is prone to large-scale breakage under the coupling action of self-weight stress and tectonic stress, causing severe mine pressure behavior, leading to asymmetric large deformation of the gob-side entry retaining surrounding rock, and seriously threatening the safety of underground personnel and equipment. In order to alleviate such problems, the engineering field generally uses the roof cutting and pressure relief technology to cut off the stress transmission path of the thick and hard roof through directional pre-splitting blasting or hydraulic fracturing, so as to promote the roof to collapse in advance on the side of the goaf, thereby reducing the dynamic load damage of the roof breakage to the gob-side entry. However, with the significant increase in the mining height of fully mechanized caving mining, the collapse height and impact kinetic energy of the thick and hard roof increase after the roof cutting. The collapsed rock mass has a large impact kinetic energy acting on the gangue in the goaf, and the gangue produces transient high-energy lateral impact on the filling body or the entry-protecting coal pillar on the side after being compressed, resulting in instability of the supporting structure and uncontrollable deformation of the surrounding rock. This dynamic impact effect has become a key bottleneck restricting the popularization of the gob-side entry retaining technology.

[0003] At present, the simulation of roof collapse lateral impact in the laboratory mainly relies on the static loading method. The static loading method adopts two ways of traditional press loading method and equivalent uniform load method. The traditional press loading method uses a servo press to slowly compress the gangue sample, simulating the quasi-static lateral pressure of the gangue in the goaf on the side of the entry after being gradually compacted by the overlying rock. The equivalent uniform load method applies uniform load to the sample by a hydraulic bag or an air bag, which approximately replaces the lateral force in the compaction process of the gangue.

[0004] When the above-mentioned method is used to simulate the impact, the dynamic impact process cannot be restored. When the thick and hard roof collapses, the gangue obtains instantaneous kinetic energy under the action of gravity, and the interaction between the gangue with instantaneous kinetic energy and the supporting structure presents significant transient impact characteristics. However, the static loading can only simulate long-term stable load and cannot simulate the impact momentum transmission and energy dissipation mechanism. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to apply both stable load and impact load to the filling body pattern and improve the restoration and accuracy of simulation detection, the present application provides a simulation goaf gangue compression lateral impact device and a use method thereof.

[0006] The simulation goaf gangue compression lateral impact device and the use method thereof provided by the present application adopt the following technical solutions: The first aspect of the present application provides a goaf gangue compression lateral impact device, which adopts the following technical scheme: A goaf gangue compression lateral impact device, comprising: A detection assembly, comprising: A base; Two first fixed side walls, which are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the base; A first sliding side wall, which is penetratingly and slidingly installed on the first fixed side wall, and the space between the two first fixed side walls and the space between the two first sliding side walls form a first gangue placement cavity; An end fixed wall, which is fixedly installed on the base, and the first fixed side wall and the first sliding side wall are in abutment with the end fixed wall; A pressure simulation assembly, comprising: A press, and one end of the first sliding side wall away from the first fixed side wall and one end of the second sliding side wall away from the second fixed side wall are in abutment with the pressure head of the press; A punch press, and the drop hammer of the punch press can fall into the first gangue placement cavity.

[0007] Optionally, the detection assembly further comprises: Two second fixed side walls, which are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the base with the two first fixed side walls as the center; A second sliding side wall, which is penetratingly and slidingly installed on the second fixed side wall, and the space between the adjacent first fixed side wall and the second fixed side wall and the space between the adjacent first sliding side wall and the second sliding side wall together form a second gangue placement cavity, the drop hammer of the punch press can fall into the second gangue placement cavity, and the second fixed side wall and the second sliding side wall are in abutment with the end fixed wall.

[0008] Optionally, a guide groove is formed in each of the first fixed side wall and the second fixed side wall, and the first sliding side wall and the second sliding side wall are slidingly arranged in the guide groove; A reset spring is arranged in the guide groove, one end of the reset spring is fixedly installed on the groove wall of the guide groove, and the other end of the reset spring is fixedly connected with the first sliding side wall or the second sliding side wall.

[0009] Optionally, an end limiting wall is fixedly installed on the base, and the end limiting wall is embedded in the first gangue placement cavity and the second gangue placement cavity.

[0010] Optionally, further comprising a support assembly, wherein the support assembly comprises: A fixed support wall is arranged on the side of the second fixed side wall away from the first fixed side wall, and the fixed support wall is fixedly installed on the base; A first support rod is fixedly installed at one end on the fixed support wall, and the other end of the first support rod is fixedly installed on the second fixed side wall.

[0011] Optionally, a sliding groove is formed in the fixed support wall, and the support assembly further comprises a second support rod, one end of the second support rod is fixedly installed on the second sliding side wall, and the other end of the second support rod is slidingly installed in the sliding groove.

[0012] Optionally, a roller is rotatably installed at the end of the second support rod close to the sliding groove, and the roller is rollingly installed in the sliding groove.

[0013] Optionally, a third support rod is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed support wall away from the first support rod, and the other end of the third support rod is fixedly installed on the base.

[0014] In a second aspect, the application provides a use method of a goaf gangue compression lateral impact device, which adopts the following technical scheme: A use method of a goaf gangue compression lateral impact device, comprising the following steps: S1: placing a filling body pattern in the first gangue placing cavity and the second gangue placing cavity, and adjusting the position of the filling body pattern so that the filling body pattern abuts against the end limiting wall; S2: filling goaf gangue into the first gangue placing cavity and the second gangue placing cavity so that the goaf gangue fills in the first gangue placing cavity and the second gangue placing cavity; S3: starting the press machine, so that the press head of the press machine applies a stable load in the direction close to the base to the first sliding side wall and the second sliding side wall; S4: starting the punch press, and the drop hammer of the punch press falls into the first gangue placing cavity and the second gangue placing cavity and applies an impact load to the gangue; S5: the gangue is jointly acted on by the press machine and the punch press, and then generates a lateral impact on the filling pattern body, and the filling pattern body is detected.

[0015] Optionally, in step S2, goaf gangues with different particle sizes are respectively filled into the first gangue placing cavity and the second gangue placing cavity.

[0016] In summary, the application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The filling body pattern to be detected is placed on the detection assembly, and gangue is filled into the detection assembly, and the gangue is subjected to stable load and impact load by the pressure simulation assembly, so that the stable load and impact load are applied to the filling body pattern, and the reducibility and accuracy of simulation detection are improved; 2. The goaf gangue in the two second gangue placing cavities is compressed and deformed after being subjected to the load from the pressure simulation assembly, and then loads are applied to the first fixed side wall and the first sliding side wall, the goaf gangue in the two second gangue placing cavities applies loads to the first fixed side wall and the first sliding side wall, and then the first fixed side wall and the first sliding side wall are supported, deformation of the first fixed side wall and the first sliding side wall due to the load of the gangue in the first gangue placing cavity is avoided, and the structural stability of the goaf gangue compression lateral impact device is improved; 3. The stability of the second fixed side wall is improved by cooperation of the fixed support wall and the first support rod. The stability of the second sliding side wall is improved by cooperation of the fixed support wall and the second support rod, the roller rolls in the sliding groove in the sliding process of the second sliding side wall, the stability of the second sliding side wall is improved, and then the stability of the detection assembly is improved, and deformation of the second sliding side wall in the sliding process is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram for showing the detection assembly; Figure 3 is a partial structural sectional view for showing the guide groove; Figure 4 is a partial structural sectional view for showing the sliding groove.

[0018] MARKING OF THE DRAWINGS: 1. Detection assembly; 11, base; 12, first fixed side wall; 121, first sliding side wall; 122, first gangue placing cavity; 13, end fixed wall; 14, second fixed side wall; 141, second sliding side wall; 142, second gangue placing cavity; 15, guide groove; 151, return spring; 16, end limiting wall; 2. Pressure simulation assembly; 21, press; 22, punch; 3. Support assembly; 31, fixed support wall; 311, sliding groove; 32, first support rod; 33, second support rod; 34, roller; 35, third support rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following will be described in detail in combination with the drawings Figures 1-4 The present application is further described in detail.

[0020] This application discloses a device for simulating the compression and lateral impact of gangue in a goaf.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A device for simulating the lateral impact of gangue compression in a goaf includes a detection component 1, a pressure simulation component 2, and a support component 3. Both the pressure simulation component 2 and the support component 3 are mounted on the detection component 1.

[0022] The filler sample to be tested is placed on the testing component 1, and gangue is filled into the testing component 1. The pressure simulation component 2 applies stable load and impact load to the gangue, thereby applying stable load and impact load to the filler sample, improving the realism and accuracy of the simulation test.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The detection component 1 includes a base 11, a first fixed sidewall 12, a first sliding sidewall 121, and an end fixed wall 13.

[0024] Two first fixed sidewalls 12 are provided, symmetrically and fixedly installed on the base 11. A first sliding sidewall 121 passes through and is slidably installed on the first fixed sidewalls 12. The two first fixed sidewalls 12, the two first sliding sidewalls 121, the end fixed wall 13, and the filling sample to be tested together form the first gangue placement cavity 122. The end fixed wall 13 is fixedly installed on the base 11, and one end of each of the first fixed sidewalls 12 and the first sliding sidewalls 121 abuts against the end fixed wall 13.

[0025] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The detection component 1 also includes a second fixed sidewall 14, a second sliding sidewall 141, and an end limiting wall 16.

[0026] Two second fixed sidewalls 14 are provided. The two second fixed sidewalls 14 are symmetrical about the two first fixed sidewalls 12 and are fixedly installed on the base 11. The second sliding sidewall 141 passes through and is slidably installed on the second fixed sidewalls 14. The adjacent first fixed sidewalls 12 and second fixed sidewalls 14, the adjacent first sliding sidewalls 121 and second sliding sidewalls 141, the end fixed wall 13, and the filling sample to be tested together form the second gangue placement cavity 142. The second fixed sidewalls 14 and the second sliding sidewalls 141 abut against the end fixed wall 13.

[0027] Guide grooves 15 are provided on both the first fixed sidewall 12 and the second fixed sidewall 14. The guiding direction of the guide grooves 15 is perpendicular to the plane of the base 11. The first sliding sidewall 121 and the second sliding sidewall 141 are slidably disposed in the guide grooves 15 by means of a slider cooperating with the guide grooves 15. A return spring 151 is provided in the guide groove 15. One end of the return spring 151 is fixedly installed on the groove wall of the guide groove 15, and the other end of the return spring 151 is fixedly connected to the first sliding sidewall 121 or the second sliding sidewall 141. The return spring 151 always applies a force to the first sliding sidewall 121 or the second sliding sidewall 141 in a direction away from the base 11.

[0028] The end limiting wall 16 is fixedly installed on the base 11 and is embedded in the first gangue placement cavity 122 and the second gangue placement cavity 142.

[0029] Before conducting the simulation experiment, the filler sample to be tested is embedded in the first gangue placement cavity 122 and the second gangue placement cavity 142, with the filler sample abutting against the end limiting wall 16. Then, gangue from the goaf is used to fill the first gangue placement cavity 122 and the second gangue placement cavity 142, with the top height of the gangue not exceeding the first sliding sidewall 121 and the second sliding sidewall 141.

[0030] When filling the first gangue placement cavity 122 and the two second gangue placement cavities 142 with gangue from the goaf, gangue with different particle sizes can be filled into different first gangue placement cavities 122 and two second gangue placement cavities 142, so that the density of gangue from the goaf in the first gangue placement cavity 122 and the two gangue placement cavities 142 is different, so as to achieve the effect of a control experiment.

[0031] By adjusting the density of the gangue in the goaf within the first gangue placement cavity 122 and the second gangue placement cavity 142, the limit state of the filling sample can be detected.

[0032] The goaf gangue in the two second gangue placement cavities 142 is compressed and deformed after being subjected to the load from the pressure simulation component 2, thereby applying a load to the first fixed sidewall 12 and the first sliding sidewall 121. The goaf gangue in the two second gangue placement cavities 142 applies a load to the first fixed sidewall 12 and the first sliding sidewall 121, thereby supporting the first fixed sidewall 12 and the first sliding sidewall 121 and preventing the first fixed sidewall 12 and the first sliding sidewall 121 from deforming due to the gangue load in the first gangue placement cavity 122, thus improving the structural stability of a simulated goaf gangue compression lateral impact device.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 The pressure simulation component 2 includes a press 21 and a stamping press 22.

[0034] The end of the first sliding sidewall 121 away from the first fixed sidewall 12 and the end of the second sliding sidewall 141 away from the second fixed sidewall 14 both abut against the pressure head of the press 21, and the drop hammer of the stamping machine 22 can fall into the first gangue placement cavity 122 and the second gangue placement cavity 142 (both the press 21 and the stamping machine 22 are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. The accompanying drawings of the specification only show the pressure head part of the press 21 and the drop hammer part of the stamping machine 22).

[0035] A stabilizing load is applied to the gangue by the press 21, and an impact load is applied to the gangue by the stamping press 22. In this way, a stabilizing load and an impact load are applied to the filling sample, thereby improving the realism and accuracy of the simulation experiment.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The support assembly 3 includes a fixed support wall 31, a first support rod 32, a second support rod 33, a roller 34, and a third support rod 35.

[0037] There are two fixed support walls 31, which are symmetrical and fixedly installed on the base 11. The fixed support walls 31 are located on the side of the second fixed side wall 14 away from the first fixed side wall 12. Several evenly arranged sliding grooves 311 are opened on the fixed support walls 31. The guiding direction of the sliding grooves 311 is perpendicular to the plane of the base 11. There is no less than one first support rod 32. One end of several first support rods 32 is evenly and fixedly installed on the fixed support walls 31, and the other end of several first support rods 32 is evenly and fixedly installed on the second fixed side wall 14.

[0038] The number of second support rods 33 is not less than one, and the number of second support rods 33 is the same as the number of slide grooves 311. One end of several second support rods 33 is evenly and fixedly installed on the second sliding side wall 141, and the other end of several second support rods 33 is slidably installed in the slide grooves 311 in a corresponding manner. Rollers 34 are rotatably installed on the end of the second support rods 33 near the slide grooves 311, and rollers 34 are rolled in the slide grooves 311.

[0039] There is at least one third support rod 35. One end of several third support rods 35 is evenly and fixedly installed on the side of the fixed support wall 31 away from the first support rod 32, and the other end of several third support rods 35 is evenly and fixedly installed on the base 11.

[0040] Since the gangue is not uniformly distributed in the first gangue placement cavity 122 and the second gangue placement cavity 142, when the gangue in the second gangue placement cavity 142 is subjected to load, it is impossible to apply a uniform lateral load to the second fixed sidewall 14 and the second sliding sidewall 141. This will result in uneven stress on the second fixed sidewall 14 and the second sliding sidewall 141, and the second sliding sidewall 141 is prone to deformation during sliding.

[0041] The stability of the second fixed sidewall 14 is improved by the cooperation of the fixed support wall 31 and the first support rod 32. By cooperating with the fixed support wall 31 and the second support rod 33, the roller 34 rolls in the slide groove 311 during the sliding process of the second sliding sidewall 141, which improves the stability of the second sliding sidewall 141, thereby improving the stability of the detection component 1 and preventing the second sliding sidewall 141 from easily deforming during the sliding process.

[0042] This application also discloses a method for using a simulated goaf gangue compression lateral impact device.

[0043] A method for using a simulated goaf gangue compression lateral impact device, comprising the following steps: S1: Place the filler sample in the first gangue placement cavity 122 and the second gangue placement cavity 142, and adjust the position of the filler sample so that the filler sample abuts against the end limiting wall 16. S2: Fill the first gangue placement cavity 122 and the second gangue placement cavity 142 with gangue from the goaf, so that the goaf gangue fills the first gangue placement cavity 122 and the second gangue placement cavity 142. Fill the first gangue placement cavity 122 and the second gangue placement cavity 142 with gangue from the goaf of different particle sizes respectively. S3: Start the press 21, so that the press head of the press 21 applies a stable load close to the base 11 to the first sliding sidewall 121 and the second sliding sidewall 141. S4: Start the press 22. The hammer of the press 22 falls into the first gangue placement cavity 122 and the second gangue placement cavity 142 and applies an impact load to the gangue. S5: The gangue is subjected to the combined action of the press 21 and the punch 22, which in turn generates a lateral impact on the filled sample, and the filled sample is tested.

[0044] By applying stable and impact loads to the gangue using the pressure simulation component 2, and then applying stable and impact loads to the filling sample, the realism and accuracy of the simulation test are improved.

[0045] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the compression and lateral impact of gangue in a goaf, characterized in that, include: Detection component (1), the detection component (1) includes: Base (11); Two first fixed sidewalls (12) are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the base (11); The first sliding sidewall (121) passes through and is slidably installed on the first fixed sidewall (12). The space between the two first fixed sidewalls (12) and between the two first sliding sidewalls (121) is the first gangue placement cavity (122). An end fixing wall (13) is fixedly installed on the base (11), and the first fixed side wall (12) and the first sliding side wall (121) abut against the end fixing wall (13); Pressure simulation component (2), the pressure simulation component (2) comprising: The press (21) has the end of the first sliding sidewall (121) away from the first fixed sidewall (12) and the end of the second sliding sidewall (141) away from the second fixed sidewall (14) both abutting against the press head of the press (21); A press (22) whose hammer can fall into the first gangue placement cavity (122).

2. The simulated goaf gangue compression lateral impact device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection component (1) further includes: Two second fixed sidewalls (14) are symmetrical about the two first fixed sidewalls (12) and fixedly installed on the base (11); The second sliding sidewall (141) passes through and slides on the second fixed sidewall (14). The space between the adjacent first fixed sidewall (12) and the second fixed sidewall (14) and the space between the adjacent first sliding sidewall (121) and the second sliding sidewall (141) together form the second gangue placement cavity (142). The drop hammer of the press (22) can fall into the second gangue placement cavity (142). The second fixed sidewall (14) and the second sliding sidewall (141) both abut against the end fixed wall (13).

3. The simulated goaf gangue compression lateral impact device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Guide grooves (15) are provided on both the first fixed sidewall (12) and the second fixed sidewall (14), and the first sliding sidewall (121) and the second sliding sidewall (141) are slidably disposed in the guide grooves (15); A reset spring (151) is provided in the guide groove (15). One end of the reset spring (151) is fixedly installed on the groove wall of the guide groove (15), and the other end of the reset spring (151) is fixedly connected to the first sliding side wall (121) or the second sliding side wall (141).

4. The simulated goaf gangue compression lateral impact device according to claim 2, characterized in that, An end limiting wall (16) is fixedly installed on the base (11), and the end limiting wall (16) is embedded in the first gangue placement cavity (122) and the second gangue placement cavity (142).

5. A lateral impact device for simulating the compression of gangue in a goaf according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a support component (3), which comprises: A fixed support wall (31) is provided on the side of the second fixed side wall (14) away from the first fixed side wall (12), and the fixed support wall (31) is fixedly installed on the base (11); The first support rod (32) has one end fixedly installed on the fixed support wall (31) and the other end fixedly installed on the second fixed side wall (14).

6. The simulated goaf gangue compression lateral impact device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed support wall (31) is provided with a sliding groove (311), and the support assembly (3) also includes a second support rod (33). One end of the second support rod (33) is fixedly installed on the second sliding side wall (141), and the other end of the second support rod (33) is slidably installed in the sliding groove (311).

7. A lateral impact device for simulating the compression of gangue in a goaf according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second support rod (33) has a roller (34) rotatably mounted on one end near the slide groove (311), and the roller (34) is rolled in the slide groove (311).

8. A simulated goaf gangue compression lateral impact device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A third support rod (35) is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed support wall (31) away from the first support rod (32), and the other end of the third support rod (35) is fixedly installed on the base (11).

9. A method for using a simulated goaf gangue compression lateral impact device, characterized in that, The simulated goaf gangue compression lateral impact device according to any one of claims 1-8 comprises the following steps: S1: Place the filler sample in the first gangue placement cavity (122) and the second gangue placement cavity (142), and adjust the position of the filler sample so that the filler sample abuts against the end limiting wall (16); S2: Fill the goaf gangue into the first gangue placement cavity (122) and the second gangue placement cavity (142) so that the goaf gangue fills the first gangue placement cavity (122) and the second gangue placement cavity (142); S3: Start the press (21) so that the press head of the press (21) applies a stable load in the direction close to the base (11) to the first sliding sidewall (121) and the second sliding sidewall (141); S4: Start the press (22), the press (22) drop hammer falls into the first gangue placement cavity (122) and the second gangue placement cavity (142) and applies an impact load to the gangue; S5: The gangue is subjected to the combined action of the press (21) and the stamping machine (22) to generate a lateral impact on the filled sample, and the filled sample is tested.

10. The method of using a simulated goaf gangue compression lateral impact device according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S2, gangue of different particle sizes is filled into the first gangue placement cavity (122) and the second gangue placement cavity (142).

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