Shapeable surgical instrument with locking device

Abstract

The invention discloses a shapeable surgical instrument with a locking device, relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and is particularly suitable for single-port endoscopic surgery. The device comprises an outer rod assembly, an inner rod assembly and a handle assembly, the outer rod can be shaped into any continuous space curve by hands and keep the shape, and the problems that a traditional straight rod instrument cannot reach a narrow operation area, and a pre-bending instrument cannot be shaped secondarily are solved. The inner rod is a flexible force transmission element, the far end is connected with the tong head assembly, and the near end is connected with the handle assembly through a detachable locking device. The locking device drives a radial movable block (a sphere or a cylinder) to clamp the inner rod through an axial movable block, so that quick disassembly and assembly are realized; and the tong head can be synchronously driven to rotate (through the rotating wheel) and open and close (through the rear handle) in cooperation with the handle assembly. According to the design, the instrument is divided into three independent parts, namely the handle, the outer rod and the inner rod, an inner hole of the outer rod is thoroughly exposed, the problem that postoperative cleaning and sterilization are not thorough is solved, and the infection risk is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a shapeable surgical instrument suitable for single-port laparoscopy. BACKGROUND

[0002] The outer rod of the conventional laparoscopic instrument is a rigid straight rod structure. In single-port laparoscopic surgery, multiple instruments enter the body through the same incision, which easily forms a "chopstick effect", the instruments interfere with each other, the operating angle is fixed, and it is difficult to reach the deep narrow surgical area (such as mediastinum, pelvic cavity, etc.) or bypass important blood vessels and nerve structures, resulting in an increase in visual field blind area and an increase in the risk of tissue damage.

[0003] To solve the straight rod defect, the prior art has developed a pre-bent instrument, the outer rod of which is pre-set with a fixed bending angle before leaving the factory. However, such an instrument has two major problems: one is that it cannot be reshaped during surgery: the anatomical differences of individual patients (such as organ position, lesion size) make it difficult to match the pre-bent angle to all surgical scenarios, and the doctor needs to frequently change instruments of different angles, which increases the average surgery preparation time; the other is that the mechanical transmission is lost: the pre-bent section easily causes the pincer head to rotate / open / close action to lag, the operation precision decreases, and especially when fine separation (such as lymph node dissection) is required, the target tissue may be torn.

[0004] The comparative patent "CN119344828B Shapeable surgical instrument" realizes manual shaping of the outer rod, but its core defect is that it solves the shaping requirement but cannot solve the requirement of real-time adjustment of the angle of the instrument head by the doctor during surgery, especially when the instrument enters the human body, the doctor adjusts the angle in real time according to the requirement. At the same time, it also does not solve the problem of cleaning the instrument, because the rod assembly and the handle cannot be disassembled by the doctor in the hospital environment, so it cannot meet the cleaning and secondary sterilization requirements during repeated use of the instrument.

[0005] As can be seen from the above, the existing technical solutions all have some unsolved problems. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a shapeable surgical instrument for solving the problem of reaching some angle areas in single-port surgery.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present application: A shapeable surgical instrument with a locking device, comprising an outer rod assembly, the outer rod assembly comprising an outer rod; an inner rod assembly comprising an inner rod passing through the outer rod, the distal end of the inner rod being connected to a pincer head assembly, and the proximal end being detachably connected to a locking device, the pincer head assembly comprising pincer blades moving around the pincer seat; The handle assembly comprises a front handle, a rear handle and a rotating wheel, the rotating wheel is rotatably mounted on the front handle, the rear handle is connected to the front handle, and the front handle is detachably connected to the outer rod; The locking device is detachably connected to the rear handle, and the locking device and the rotating wheel are fixed in the circumferential direction and axially relatively slid by the non-circular cross-section cooperation.

[0008] Further, the locking device comprises: The shell is provided with an inner hole for the inner rod to pass through, and the inner hole comprises a tapered section; The axial movable block is sleeved in the inner hole; The radial movable block is arranged in the lateral hole of the axial movable block; The locking nut is connected to the axial movable block; The locking nut is driven to move, thereby driving the axial movable block to move axially, forcing the radial movable block to move radially under the extrusion of the tapered section, thereby clamping or releasing the inner rod.

[0009] Further, the radial movable block is a block structure, which is configured to be radially movable in the lateral hole, has a force receiving surface interacting with the tapered section of the shell, and a clamping surface for extruding the inner rod.

[0010] Further, the radial movable block comprises a spherical body or a cylindrical body.

[0011] Further, when the radial movable block is a cylindrical body, the force receiving surface thereof is a bevel surface matched with the tapered section of the shell.

[0012] Further, the locking nut and the axial movable block are connected by threads.

[0013] Further, the proximal end of the shell is provided with a lock wire tail shaft, and the lock wire tail shaft and the rotating wheel are fixed in the circumferential direction by non-circular cross-section cooperation.

[0014] Further, the lock wire tail shaft is provided with a clamping protrusion or a clamping groove, and the rear handle is provided with a matching clamping groove or clamping protrusion, thereby achieving detachable connection.

[0015] Further, the outer rod is a tubular member that can be plastically deformed and can maintain its shape, and the material includes annealed metal with a yield strength of 50MPa to 300MPa. Further, the material of the outer rod includes pure copper or copper alloy or annealed steel.

[0016] Further, the inner rod is a flexible force transmission element, which is a rope cable twisted by one or more strands, or a monofilament or multifilament made of super-elastic material.

[0017] Furthermore, the locking device is a set screw locking structure, including an inner hole through which the inner rod passes and a threaded hole communicating with the inner hole, as well as a screw screwed into the threaded hole to tighten the inner rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the inner rod assembly includes a first limiting surface and a second limiting surface, and the outer rod assembly includes a third limiting surface and a fourth limiting surface. The second limiting surface and the fourth limiting surface each include mutually cooperating Alley tooth groove structures. The inner rod assembly is connected to the rear handle and the rotating wheel corresponding to the handle. By driving the rear handle or the rotating wheel, the inner rod assembly can move or rotate in the axial direction.

[0019] A method of using a malleable surgical instrument with a locking device includes: Step 1: After opening the handle, drive the inner pull rod to move to the far end, thereby moving the clamp seat to the far end until the first limiting surface contacts the third limiting surface, and the clamp seat stops moving; Step 2: Continue to open the handle, drive the inner pull rod to continue moving to the far end, the inner pull rod pushes the jaws of the clamp head assembly to open; Step 3: During Step 1 and Step 2, as long as the bending and separation of the second and fourth limiting surfaces do not affect each other's rotation, rotate the handle wheel and simultaneously drive the inner rod assembly to rotate around the axis, thereby causing the jaws of the pliers assembly to rotate by an angle. Step 4: After the clamps have completed their operation on the target tissue, close the handle and drive the inner pull rod to move proximally, thereby moving the clamp seat proximally until the second limiting surface contacts the fourth limiting surface, at which point the clamp seat stops moving. Step 5: Continue closing the handle, drive the inner pull rod to continue moving towards the proximal end, and the inner pull rod pushes the jaws of the clamp assembly to perform a closing motion.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects through the above technical solution: The present invention provides a malleable surgical instrument that allows for arbitrary shaping of the outer rod. It can be manually shaped into any continuous spatial curve and maintain its shape, perfectly adapting to narrow or deep surgical areas (such as the mediastinum and pelvis). It allows for secondary shaping at any time during surgery, overcoming the shortcomings of pre-bent instruments with fixed angles that cannot match individual anatomical differences, significantly improving surgical flexibility and operational range.

[0021] Simultaneously, the drive handle wheel or rear handle drives the instrument forceps head to rotate and open / close, enabling flexible operation of the working end of the malleable instrument within the body and improving surgical efficiency.

[0022] Meanwhile, this invention further proposes superior material selection for the malleable outer rod and inner rod, enabling the inner rod to function normally even when the malleable outer rod is bent and deformed. It can still stably transmit rotation and opening / closing actions even when the outer rod is bent, with low rotational torque, ensuring sensitive response and precise action of the clamp head, making it suitable for fine separation operations.

[0023] The innovative locking device (tapered section compression structure or set screw structure) enables rapid clamping and release of the inner rod, allowing for tool-free assembly and disassembly. The modular design divides the instrument into three independent parts: handle, outer rod, and inner rod, fully exposing the inner hole of the outer rod for easy cleaning with high-pressure water jets, ultrasonic cleaning, etc., eliminating residues and meeting the stringent sterilization requirements of reusable instruments, effectively reducing the risk of infection. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a front view of the rod portion of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 2 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the rod portion of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a front view of the suture shaft of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the suture shaft of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the head region of the inner rod assembly of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the head region of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the proximal end of the outer rod assembly of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the handle nut of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the handle assembly of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall assembly of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the shaping operation of the outer rod of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 12 This is a front view of the rod portion with a locking device of another type of malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 13 This is a partial sectional view of the rod portion with locking device of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 14 This is a perspective view of the locking device of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 15 This is a perspective view of the rotating wheel of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view of the suture tail shaft of another shape-adjustable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional view of the suture tail shaft of another shape-adjustable surgical instrument of the present invention. Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the clinical use of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention; Figure 19 This is a disassembly diagram of the malleable surgical instrument of the present invention; In the diagram: 10-Inner rod assembly; 11-Inner rod; 12-Pliers seat; 13-Pliers seat pin; 14-First clamp piece; 15-Second clamp piece; 16-Locking spool; 17-Set screw; 18-Pliers seat nut; 19-Locking device; 20-Outer rod assembly; 21-Outer rod; 22-Outer rod distal end connector; 24-Handle nut; 25-Outer rod limit; 30-Handle assembly; 31-Front handle; 32-Rear handle; 33-Rotating wheel; 34-Handle pin; 100-Pliers head assembly; 111-Inner long rod; 114-Inner rod eccentric pin; 112-Inner drive block; 113-Sleeve; 123-Pliers seat eccentric hole; 141-Pliers plate eccentric pin; 142-First clamp piece... 152-Second clamping plate sliding hole; 161-Driving boss; 162-First locking protrusion; 163-Locking hole; 164-Setting thread hole; 191-Housing; 192-Axial moving block; 193-Radial moving block; 194-Locking nut; 195-Locking rear cover; 196-Locking tail shaft; 197-Second locking protrusion; 221-First external thread; 222-Fourth limiting surface; 241-Internal thread; 296-First locking tail shaft; 311-Second external thread; 312-Positioning notch; 331-Rotating wheel inner hole; 396-Second locking tail shaft; 1911-Inner hole; 1912-Tapered section; 1922-Side hole. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a malleable surgical instrument with a locking device includes an outer rod assembly 20 and an inner rod assembly 10. The inner rod assembly 10 includes an inner rod 11 that passes through the outer rod 21 of the outer rod assembly 20. The distal end of the inner rod 11 is connected to a forceps head assembly 100. The forceps head assembly 100 includes a forceps seat 12, a forceps seat pin 13, a first forceps plate 14, a second forceps plate 15, and a forceps seat nut 18. The proximal end of the inner rod 11 is detachably connected to a suture locking shaft 16. The suture locking shaft 16 includes a drive boss 161 and a first locking protrusion 162. The outer rod... Component 20 includes an outer rod 21, the proximal end of which is fitted with a handle nut 24, and the distal end is fixedly connected to an outer rod distal connector 22. The outer rod distal connector 22 includes a first external thread 221. The inner hole of the clamp seat nut 18 includes an internal thread that matches the first external thread 221. After the inner rod 11 is passed through the outer rod 21, the distal end of the clamp seat nut 18 and the outer rod distal connector 22 are fixedly connected by threads. The proximal end of the clamp seat nut 16 is fixedly connected to the inner rod 11, thereby completing the assembly of the entire instrument rod part.

[0028] Figure 3 and Figure 4 The front view and partial sectional view of the locking shaft 16 are shown respectively. The locking shaft 16 includes a locking hole 163 and a set screw hole 164 is provided perpendicular to the locking hole 163. A set screw 17 is installed in the set screw hole 164 by means of a tool. Those skilled in the art will understand that when the inner rod 11 is inserted into the locking hole 163, tightening the set screw 17 to hold the inner rod 11 in place can achieve a fixed connection between the inner rod 11 and the locking shaft 16.

[0029] Figure 5The diagram shows a schematic of the inner rod assembly 10 after an explosion, corresponding to the jaw assembly 100. The inner rod 11 specifically includes an inner long rod 111, an inner drive block 112, and a sleeve 113. The sleeve 113 connects and fixes the inner long rod 111 and the inner drive block 112 into a single rigid component. Those skilled in the art will understand that the three parts—inner long rod 111, inner drive block 112, and sleeve 113—can be fixedly connected to form a single component, or they can be directly manufactured into a single piece through machining; only the processing technology differs. Essentially, it is the same technical solution, therefore, the following description of this part will uniformly refer to it as the inner rod 11. The first jaw 14 includes a jaw eccentric pin 141 and a first jaw sliding groove hole 142. The structure of the second jaw 15 is equivalent to that of the first jaw 14. The jaw seat 12 includes a jaw seat eccentric hole 123. The inner rod 11 includes the inner rod eccentric pin 114. Along the axial direction of the clamp seat pin 13, the hierarchical structure consists of the first clamp plate 14, the inner rod 11, and the second clamp plate 15, which are assembled together and inserted into the inner hole of the clamp seat 12. Then, the clamp seat pin 13 is inserted, passing sequentially through one side of the clamp seat 12, the sliding groove hole of the second clamp plate 15 (not shown in the figure, but can be understood by referring to the equivalent structure of the first clamp plate 14), the inner rod hole 115 of the inner rod 11, the first clamp plate sliding groove hole 142 of the first clamp plate 14, and the other side of the clamp seat 12, thus achieving the structural assembly of the clamp head assembly 100. The clamp seat nut 18 is fitted onto the outside of the clamp seat 12.

[0030] Figure 5 The image shows the first limiting surface 121 and the second limiting surface 122 on the clamp seat 12. These two limiting surfaces have a mating relationship with relevant parts on the outer rod assembly 20, as detailed below. Further reference is provided. Figure 6 As shown, the clamp seat nut 18 and the distal end connector 22 of the outer rod are detachably connected by threads. The clamp seat nut includes a third limiting surface 231, while the distal end face of the distal end connector 22 of the outer rod includes a fourth limiting surface 222. After the clamp seat nut 18 and the distal end connector 22 of the outer rod are connected, the third limiting surface 231 and the fourth limiting surface 222 together form an axial movement space within a certain range, and the clamp seat 12 can move or rotate axially within this axial movement space. The corresponding first limiting surface 121 and second limiting surface 122 on the clamp seat 12 contact the third limiting surface 231 and the fourth limiting surface 222 respectively during the reciprocating linear motion to form a fitting limit.

[0031] Furthermore, if the second limiting surface 122 and the fourth limiting surface 222 are designed with multiple protrusions and grooves, such as a toothed structure that matches each other, similar to an Alley tooth structure, then when the second limiting surface 122 and the fourth limiting surface 222 come into contact and limit each other, the axial rotation of the clamp seat 12 is also limited, thus preventing rotation.

[0032] at the same time, Figure 6 The assembly relationship between the clamp seat nut 18 and the clamp seat 12 is also shown. That is, after the clamp seat nut 18 is fitted on the outside of the clamp seat 12, due to the external structure of the clamp seat 12, the clamp seat nut 18 can slide relative to the clamp seat 12 along the axis, but it cannot be completely removed from the clamp seat 12.

[0033] Figure 7 A detailed structural diagram of the proximal region of the outer rod assembly 20 is shown. In the diagram, the handle nut 24 can slide along the outer side of the outer rod 21. The proximal end of the outer rod 21 also includes an outer rod limiter 25, which prevents the handle nut 24 from disengaging from the outer rod 21. (Refer to...) Figure 8 As shown, the inner hole of the handle nut 24 includes an internal thread 241.

[0034] Figure 9 A handle assembly 30 is shown, including a front handle 31, a rear handle 32, and a rotating wheel 33. The rotating wheel 33 is rotatably mounted on the front handle 31, and the rear handle 32 is movably connected to the front handle 31. The distal end of the front handle 31 includes a second external thread 311 and a positioning notch 312. The rear handle 32 rotates relative to the front handle 31 via a handle pin 34.

[0035] like Figure 10 As shown, after assembling the inner rod assembly 10 and the outer rod assembly 20, they are inserted into the handle assembly 30. Specifically, the handle nut 24 is threadedly connected to the second external thread 311 at the distal end of the front handle. At this time, the outer rod limiter 25 is aligned and inserted into the positioning notch 312 to achieve radial positioning, thereby finally fixing the outer rod 21 relative to the handle assembly 30. Simultaneously, the drive boss 161 on the inner rod assembly 10 is inserted into the corresponding matching inner hole of the rotating wheel 33, achieving the effect of rotating synchronously with the rotating wheel 33 while also being able to move axially. At the same time, the first locking protrusion 162 cooperates with the corresponding locking groove 321 of the rear handle 32 to achieve the connection between the inner rod 11 and the rear handle 32. Thus, by rotating the rear handle 32, the inner rod 11 can perform axial reciprocating linear motion, and by driving the rotating wheel 33, the inner rod 11 can perform axial rotational motion.

[0036] like Figure 11As shown, the outer rod 21 can be shaped and bent by hand. Depending on the surgical requirements, the bending deformation can be any continuous spatial curve. At this point, the inner rod 11 also needs to achieve the same function of being driven to rotate by the wheel 33 within the bent outer rod 21. Furthermore, the outer rod 21 is made of a malleable material with a yield strength between 50 MPa and 300 MPa, including pure copper, copper alloys, or annealed steel. When the outer rod is bent into any continuous spatial curve, the rotational torque required to drive the inner rod to rotate around its own axis is no greater than 0.05 N·m. Furthermore, the inner rod 11 is a flexible force transmission element, its structure being one or more strands of twisted rope, or a monofilament or multifilament made of a superelastic material, such as a nickel-titanium alloy spool. This material allows for multiple bending deformations and returns to its initial state in a natural state, for example, a straight line after natural drooping. Even after multiple shaping deformations, it can still recover. Simultaneously, the resistance to overcome during rotation within the bent outer rod is small, facilitating one-handed operation by the doctor.

[0037] However, when the device of the present invention is used repeatedly, it requires repeated cleaning and sterilization. Therefore, it is necessary to expose the inner hole of the outer rod 21 and disassemble the device as much as possible to expose the confined internal space. Therefore, how to easily remove the inner rod is a problem that requires a better solution. The set screw solution adopted in the aforementioned embodiments requires the use of special tools, and the set screw is relatively small, making it easy to fall out during disassembly, causing the device to malfunction. Neither solution is optimal. Therefore, referring to… Figure 12 A locking device 19 is proposed to enable quick fixing and quick disassembly of the inner rod 11.

[0038] Figure 13 The detailed structure of the locking device 19 is shown, which includes: (1) Housing 191, which has an inner hole 1911 through which the inner rod passes, the inner hole including a tapered section 1912; (2) An axially movable block 192 is fitted into the inner hole 1911; (3) Radial movable block 193, disposed in the lateral hole 1922 of the axial movable block 192. The radial movable block 193 includes a sphere (such as a steel ball) or a cylinder or other shape, and is characterized by a block structure. It is configured to move radially within the lateral hole 1922 and has a force-bearing surface that interacts with the tapered section of the housing, and a clamping surface for pressing the inner rod 11 inserted at the center. Further, when the radial movable block is a cylinder, its force-bearing surface is an inclined surface that matches the tapered section of the housing.

[0039] (4) Locking nut 194 is connected to the axial movable block 192 by thread.

[0040] (5) Locking wire rear cover 195 and locking wire tail shaft 196, the locking wire rear cover 195 and locking wire tail shaft 196 are fixedly connected and fixedly connected to the housing 191. Those skilled in the art will understand that the locking wire rear cover 195 and locking wire tail shaft 196 can be designed as a single part, with only slight differences in the manufacturing process.

[0041] The locking nut 194 is driven to move, thereby causing the axial movable block 192 to move axially. This forces the radial movable block 193 to move radially due to the pressure of the tapered section 1912, thus clamping or releasing the inner rod 11. Both the locking nut 194 and the outer side of the housing 191 are provided with anti-slip threads, which can be easily tightened or loosened manually without the aid of tools, thereby fixing or releasing the inner rod 11.

[0042] like Figure 14 As shown, the locking tail shaft 196 includes a hexagonal cylindrical outer surface and a second locking protrusion 197 at its proximal end. Figure 15 As shown, the inner hole 331 of the corresponding rotating wheel 33 matches the outer surface of the hexagonal cylindrical shaft of the locking tail shaft 196. When the locking tail shaft 196 is inserted into the inner hole 331 of the rotating wheel, the two can slide relative to each other in the axial direction and rotate synchronously around the axis. Figure 16 and 17 The structural forms of the locking tail shafts in two other embodiments are shown. It can be seen that the cross-sections of the first locking tail shaft 296 and the second locking tail shaft 396, as long as the corresponding inner hole 331 of the rotating wheel also has a matching inner hole shape, can achieve the aforementioned hexagonal shape function. In summary, the locking tail shaft and the rotating wheel achieve circumferential fixation through a non-circular cross-section fit.

[0043] Figure 18 This invention demonstrates a single-port thoracoscopic surgery via a mediastinal approach to access lung-related lesions. Utilizing the malleable instrument proposed in this invention, the external rod can be shaped and bent to achieve the desired surgical approach. The instrument head reaches areas inaccessible to traditional straight instruments, thus expanding the surgical scope. Simultaneously, it avoids the problem of existing pre-bent instruments being unable to undergo secondary shaping during surgery, significantly improving surgical efficiency.

[0044] Figure 19 The diagram shows the disassembled components of the surgical instrument proposed in this invention, which include an independent inner rod assembly 10 (including an independently detachable locking device 19), an outer rod assembly 20, and a handle assembly 30. The inner hole areas of the outer rod and handle are exposed, facilitating cleaning with a high-pressure water gun, ultrasonic vibration cleaning, and sterilization.

[0045] A method of using a malleable surgical instrument with a locking device includes: Step 1: After opening the handle, drive the inner pull rod to move to the far end, thereby moving the clamp seat to the far end until the first limiting surface contacts the third limiting surface, and the clamp seat stops moving; Step 2: Continue to open the handle, drive the inner pull rod to continue moving to the far end, the inner pull rod pushes the jaws of the clamp head assembly to open; Step 3: During Step 1 and Step 2, as long as the bending and separation of the second and fourth limiting surfaces do not affect each other's rotation, rotate the handle wheel and simultaneously drive the inner rod assembly to rotate around the axis, thereby causing the jaws of the pliers assembly to rotate by an angle. Step 4: After the clamps have completed their operation on the target tissue, close the handle and drive the inner pull rod to move proximally, thereby moving the clamp seat proximally until the second limiting surface contacts the fourth limiting surface, at which point the clamp seat stops moving. Step 5: Continue closing the handle, drive the inner pull rod to continue moving towards the proximal end, and the inner pull rod pushes the jaws of the clamp assembly to perform a closing motion.

[0046] The present invention provides a malleable surgical instrument solution through the above-described method, which has the following beneficial effects: This surgical instrument allows for arbitrary shaping of the outer rod, enabling it to be manually shaped into any continuous spatial curve and maintain its shape, perfectly adapting to narrow or deep surgical areas (such as the mediastinum and pelvis). It allows for secondary shaping at any time during surgery, overcoming the limitations of pre-bent instruments with fixed angles and inability to match individual anatomical differences, significantly improving surgical flexibility and operational range.

[0047] Simultaneously, the drive handle wheel or rear handle drives the instrument forceps head to rotate and open / close, enabling flexible operation of the working end of the malleable instrument within the body and improving surgical efficiency.

[0048] Meanwhile, this invention further proposes superior material selection for the malleable outer rod and inner rod, enabling the inner rod to function normally even when the malleable outer rod is bent and deformed. It can still stably transmit rotation and opening / closing actions even when the outer rod is bent, with low rotational torque, ensuring sensitive response and precise action of the clamp head, making it suitable for fine separation operations.

[0049] The innovative locking device (tapered section compression structure or set screw structure) enables rapid clamping and release of the inner rod, allowing for tool-free assembly and disassembly. The modular design divides the instrument into three independent parts: handle, outer rod, and inner rod, fully exposing the inner hole of the outer rod for easy cleaning with high-pressure water jets, ultrasonic cleaning, etc., eliminating residues and meeting the stringent sterilization requirements of reusable instruments, effectively reducing the risk of infection.

[0050] In the figures of this invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figure, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the figures are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0051] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component; when a component is referred to as being "fixed" to another component, it can be directly fixed to the other component or there may be an intermediate component, which can be done by effective means such as bonding, welding, riveting, bolting, etc., which will not be listed in this application; when a component is referred to as being "movable" to another component, it can be done by rotation or sliding.

[0052] This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any new feature or combination disclosed in this specification, as well as any new method or process step or combination disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A malleable surgical instrument with a locking device, characterized in that: Including Outer rod assembly, the outer rod assembly including an outer rod; The inner rod assembly includes an inner rod that extends through the outer rod, the distal end of the inner rod being connected to a clamping head assembly, and the proximal end being detachably connected to a locking device; A handle assembly includes a front handle, a rear handle, and a rotating wheel, wherein the rotating wheel is rotatably mounted on the front handle, the rear handle is connected to the front handle, and the front handle is detachably connected to the outer rod; The locking device is detachably connected to the rear handle, and the locking device and the rotating wheel achieve circumferential fixation and axial relative sliding through a non-circular cross-section fit.

2. The malleable surgical instrument with a locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking device includes: A housing having an inner hole through which the inner rod passes, the inner hole including a tapered section; An axially movable block is fitted into the inner hole; A radial movable block is disposed within the lateral hole of the axial movable block; A locking nut is connected to the axially movable block; The locking nut is driven to move, thereby causing the axial movable block to move axially, which in turn forces the radial movable block to move radially due to the pressure of the tapered section, thereby clamping or releasing the inner rod.

3. A malleable surgical instrument with a locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radially movable block is a block-shaped structure configured to move radially within the lateral hole and has a force-bearing surface that interacts with the tapered section of the housing, and a clamping surface for pressing the inner rod.

4. A malleable surgical instrument with a locking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radially movable block includes a sphere or a cylinder.

5. A malleable surgical instrument with a locking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the radial movable block is a cylinder, the force-bearing surface of the cylinder is an inclined surface that matches the tapered section of the shell.

6. A malleable surgical instrument with a locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking nut is connected to the axial movable block by a thread.

7. A malleable surgical instrument with a locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The near end of the housing is provided with a locking tail shaft, which is circumferentially fixed to the wheel through a non-circular cross-section fit.

8. A malleable surgical instrument with a locking device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The locking tail shaft is provided with a locking protrusion or a locking groove, and the rear handle is provided with a matching locking groove or locking protrusion, so that the two can be detachably connected.

9. A malleable surgical instrument with a locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner rod is a flexible force transmission element, and its structure is a rope made of one or more strands twisted together, or a monofilament or multifilament made of a superelastic material.

10. A malleable surgical instrument with a locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking device is a set screw locking structure, including an inner hole through which the inner rod passes and a threaded hole communicating with the inner hole, as well as a screw screwed into the threaded hole to tighten the inner rod.

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