Electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function and control system thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electronic musical instruments, and discloses an electronic blowpipe instrument with an automatic accompaniment function and a control system thereof.The electronic blowpipe instrument comprises an electronic blowpipe body, a blowing nozzle is arranged at one end of the electronic blowpipe body, and a strap hanging ring is fixedly connected to the back face of the electronic blowpipe body; a main melody input assembly and a parameter adjusting and displaying assembly are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the electronic blowpipe body, and a control system and a sound output assembly are integrated in the electronic blowpipe body. The main melody input assembly comprises a plurality of touch note keys, and the touch note keys are arranged on the front face of the electronic blowpipe body in an array mode. By means of the control system, the problems that an existing electronic blowpipe automatic accompaniment machine cannot respond to expressive force of a player and musical instruments lack impromptu music interaction ability are solved, accompaniment and the main melody can change cooperatively, and a new form of man-machine music interaction is provided for the player.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electronic musical instrument technology, specifically to an electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function and its control system. Background Technology

[0002] As a modern electronic instrument, electronic wind instruments have gained popularity among music lovers due to their portability, rich tonal selection, and subtle expressiveness in playing techniques. Traditional electronic wind instruments primarily focus on playing the main melody, with players using fingering and breath control to simulate the timbre and dynamics of various wind instruments.

[0003] With technological advancements, some electronic instruments (such as keyboards and synthesizers) have integrated automatic accompaniment functions to enable individual performers to create more complete band-like effects. This function typically allows users to select preset rhythm styles and chord progressions, and the instrument will automatically play a multi-part accompaniment including drums, bass, and strings. In recent years, this function has also been introduced into electronic wind instruments, allowing wind instrument players to perform with accompaniment even without a band.

[0004] However, existing electronic wind instruments with integrated automatic accompaniment functions still fall short in terms of the depth of human-computer interaction and musicality. Their automatic accompaniment systems are essentially still preset program players. Once the accompaniment style and tempo are selected, the accompaniment loops in a relatively fixed pattern, lacking perception and response to the performer's real-time emotions and expressiveness. For example, when the melody played by the performer changes from gentle and lyrical to passionate and powerful, the existing accompaniment cannot automatically match and adjust in terms of orchestration, dynamic intensity, or rhythmic complexity, resulting in a disconnect between the main melody and the accompaniment, making the overall musical performance sound mechanical. Although some technologies have achieved overall volume control through breath, this single-dimensional control is far from meeting the needs of the dynamic changes in musical structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function and its control system, which solves the problems of existing electronic wind instrument automatic accompaniment systems being mechanical, unable to respond to changes in the performer's real-time expressiveness, and lacking improvisational musical interaction capabilities.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: an electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function and its control system, comprising: an electronic wind instrument body, a mouthpiece provided at one end of the electronic wind instrument body, a strap ring fixedly connected to the back of the electronic wind instrument body, a main melody input component and a parameter adjustment and display component fixedly connected to the upper surface of the electronic wind instrument body, and an integrated control system and a sound output component.

[0007] The main melody input component includes multiple touch note buttons, which are arranged in an array on the front of the electronic wind instrument body. A slide bar is provided on the back of the electronic wind instrument body, and a down-bend button is provided on the back of the electronic wind instrument body. The down-bend button is located below the slide bar.

[0008] The parameter adjustment and display component includes a display screen, which is located on the back of the electronic blowpipe body. Below the display screen are two encoders, A and B, for adjusting parameters. Addition and subtraction buttons are located on both sides of the down-bend tone button.

[0009] Preferably, the main melody input component further includes a first semitone control unit and a second semitone control unit. The first semitone control unit includes a first raised semitone button and a first lower semitone button, which are fixedly connected to the front of the electronic wind instrument body and disposed between the upper touch note buttons. The second semitone control unit includes a second raised semitone button and a second lower semitone button, which are fixedly connected to the front of the electronic wind instrument body and disposed between the lower touch note buttons. An accompaniment control component is provided on the electronic wind instrument body.

[0010] Preferably, the accompaniment control component includes chord keys, which are fixedly connected below the semitone-lowering key. A chord mode switching key is fixedly connected to the upper side wall of the touch note key, which is used to control the chord triggering and mode selection of automatic accompaniment. The electronic wind instrument body is provided with a function expansion button component, which is used to realize the quick recall of playing techniques or the triggering of custom functions.

[0011] Preferably, the function extension button assembly includes a TA button, which is located below the chord buttons; a TB button is located between the lower touch note buttons; a TC button is located between the upper touch note buttons; and a thumb control assembly is located on the back of the electronic wind instrument body.

[0012] Preferably, the thumb control component includes a thumb rest, which is fixedly connected to the back of the electronic blowpipe body. A roller-type octave assembly is provided on the upper side of the thumb rest, and the roller-type octave assembly is rotatably connected inside the electronic blowpipe body.

[0013] Preferably, the sound output component includes a speaker built into the electronic wind instrument body. The bottom back of the electronic wind instrument body is provided with a stereo headphone output jack and a stereo audio output jack. A drainage hole is provided at the bottom of the electronic wind instrument body. A power supply and interface component is provided on the side wall of the electronic wind instrument body.

[0014] Preferably, the power supply and interface assembly includes a power button, which is located on the bottom side of the back of the electronic blowpipe body. A Tee-C charging port is located below the power button, and power indicator lights are located on both sides of the power button. A battery cover is located on the back of the electronic blowpipe body.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a control system for an electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function, the control system comprising:

[0016] The real-time performance parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the breath pressure signal generated by the performer and the pitch signal input through the melody input component in real time.

[0017] The accompaniment dynamic control module is used to analyze the breath pressure signal collected by the real-time performance parameter acquisition module, and dynamically modulate the accompaniment parameters of the automatic accompaniment based on the analysis results.

[0018] The improvisation motif generation module is used to capture and analyze call phrases composed of pitch signals in a preset improvisation mode, and generate response phrases corresponding to the call phrases based on preset transformation rules.

[0019] The audio signal synthesis module is used to synthesize the main melody audio played by the performer with the accompaniment audio modulated by the accompaniment dynamic control module or the response phrase audio generated by the improvisation motif generation module and then output the result.

[0020] In a specific example, the working principle of the accompaniment dynamic control module is as follows:

[0021] The real-time performance parameter acquisition module acquires the raw breath pressure signal P. raw The pressure curve P(t) is obtained by low-pass filtering.

[0022] The accompaniment dynamic control module calculates two core expressive features based on P(t):

[0023] Duration mean pressure S avg (t), which reflects the average blowing force within a time window W, is defined as:

[0024]

[0025] S avg (t) is used to adjust the volume of the automatic accompaniment through a preset mapping function, and through a set of preset level thresholds Θ. L,i Compare the layers to determine the current accompaniment layer that should be activated.

[0026] Attack slope It reflects the dynamics at the start of a note and is defined as the starting time t of the note.onset First derivative of the pressure curve:

[0027]

[0028] When A slope Exceeding a preset accent threshold Θ A When a beat occurs, the system determines that an accent event has occurred and automatically triggers an embellishment event at the predetermined beat position.

[0029] In another specific embodiment, the working principle of the improvisation generation module is as follows:

[0030] 1. Phrase Capture: This module analyzes the pitch signal stream to detect phrases between consecutive notes.

[0031] The pause

[0032] Duration t rest .

[0033] When t rest Exceeding a preset rest threshold Θ D At that time, the system will repeat the previous continuous notes.

[0034] Sequence points

[0035] Cut and capture into a complete call phrase M call .

[0036] 2. Feature Extraction: This module extracts features from the captured call phrase M. call Perform analysis and extract

[0037] Its core sound

[0038] Musical characteristics, including:

[0039] Melody Outline C mel : That is, the sequence of notes between adjacent notes in a musical phrase.

[0040] Rhythm gene R dna : That is, the relative time value sequence of each note in a musical phrase after being normalized to standard time value units.

[0041] At the same time, record the harmonic environment H of the accompaniment system when the musical phrase occurs. ctx .

[0042] 3. Response Generation: This module applies a transformation function T that includes multiple transformation rules, based on the provided...

[0043] Extracted melody outline C mel Rhythm gene R dna And the current harmonic environment H ctx Generate response musical phrase M resp .

[0044] The transformation rules include algorithms such as sequence imitation, melody reversal, and rhythm change.

[0045] The performer can expand the operation of the key assembly by using the TA button 26, TB button 27, or...

[0046] Use TC button 22 to select or intervene in the transformation rules of the current application.

[0047] This invention provides an electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function and its control system. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] 1. This invention enables automatic accompaniment to respond to the performer's real-time expressiveness, improving the synergy between accompaniment and main melody. By setting up an accompaniment dynamic control module, the system can analyze breath pressure signals in real time and adjust the accompaniment volume and orchestration level according to the average pressure during its duration. At the same time, it can determine the accent event based on the onset slope to automatically trigger embellishments. This design makes the accompaniment effect no longer limited to a fixed loop pattern, but can be synchronously adjusted according to changes in performance intensity, making the combination of accompaniment and main melody closer.

[0049] 2. This invention adds an algorithm-based improvisational motif generation function to musical instruments, providing musical interactivity for solo performances. In the preset improvisational mode, the improvisational motif generation module can capture the call phrases played by the performer, extract their melodic outlines and rhythmic genes, and combine them with the current harmonic environment to generate musically relevant response phrases by applying transformation rules. This provides performers with tools to develop musical motifs and enriches the expressive forms of performance.

[0050] 3. This invention systematically integrates the accompaniment dynamic control module with the improvisational motif generation module, enabling solo performances to possess a stronger sense of wholeness and musical layering. The dynamically changing accompaniment provides a harmonious and real-time harmonic foundation for the generation of improvisational motifs, while the generated response phrases serve as new musical elements, further enriching the overall musical texture. The performer can therefore control the form of the background accompaniment and the interaction of the foreground melody through unified performance actions, thereby achieving more precise control over the overall musical expression. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the back of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a front perspective view of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4This is a functional block diagram of the control system of the present invention.

[0055] The components include: 1. Electronic wind instrument body; 2. Mouthpiece; 3. Display screen; 4. Encoder A; 5. Encoder B; 6. Roller-type octave assembly; 7. Slide bar; 8. Ribbon loop; 9. Thumb rest; 10. Add / subtract buttons; 11. Down-bend button; 12. Battery cover; 13. Speaker; 14. Power button; 15. Tee-C charging port; 16. Power indicator light; 17. Stereo headphone output jack; 18. Stereo audio output jack; 19. Drain hole; 20. Chord mode switch button; 21. Touch note button; 22. TC button; 23. Sharp / half-tone button 1; 24. Flat / half-tone button 1; 25. Chord button; 26. A / T button; 27. Tb button; 28. Sharp / half-tone button 2; 29. ​​Flat / half-tone button 2. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 This invention provides an electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function and its control system, including an electronic wind instrument body 1, a mouthpiece 2 at one end of the electronic wind instrument body 1, a hanging ring 8 fixedly connected to the back of the electronic wind instrument body 1, a main melody input component and a parameter adjustment and display component fixedly connected to the upper surface of the electronic wind instrument body 1, and an integrated control system and a sound output component.

[0058] The main melody input component includes multiple touch note buttons 21, which are arranged in an array on the front of the electronic wind instrument body 1. A slide bar 7 is provided on the back of the electronic wind instrument body 1, and a down-bend button 11 is provided on the back of the electronic wind instrument body 1. The down-bend button 11 is located below the slide bar 7.

[0059] The parameter adjustment and display components include a display screen 3, which is located on the back of the electronic blowpipe body 1. Below the display screen 3 are two encoders A4 and B5 for adjusting parameters. On both sides of the down-bend tone button 11 are plus and minus buttons 10.

[0060] Specifically, the electronic wind instrument body 1 serves as the mounting carrier for all components. The mouthpiece 2 has a built-in breath pressure sensor, which converts the intensity and changes of the breath blown by the performer into electrical signals that the control system can recognize. This serves as the basic data source for controlling volume, timbre dynamics, and triggering specific accompaniment effects. The strap ring 8 is used to connect the strap, making it convenient for the performer to carry and hold the instrument stably. The control system, as the core processing unit, is responsible for receiving and processing all input signals and executing automatic accompaniment and improvisation generation algorithms.

[0061] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 The main melody input component also includes a first semitone control unit and a second semitone control unit. The first semitone control unit includes a raised semitone button 23 and a lower semitone button 24, which are fixedly connected to the front of the electronic wind instrument body 1 and are located between the upper touch note buttons 21. The second semitone control unit includes a raised semitone button 28 and a lower semitone button 29, which are fixedly connected to the front of the electronic wind instrument body 1 and are located between the lower touch note buttons 21. An accompaniment control component is provided on the electronic wind instrument body 1.

[0062] Specifically, the first semitone control unit and the second semitone control unit are used to adjust the tonic pitch input by touching the note button 21 in real time during the performance, so as to fully realize the performance of all pitches of the twelve equal temperament and meet the performance needs of complex music. The accompaniment control component is used to directly control the start, stop and core parameters of the automatic accompaniment function.

[0063] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 The accompaniment control component includes a chord button 25, which is fixedly connected below the semitone lower button 24. A chord mode switching button 20 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the upper touch note button 21, which is used to control the chord triggering and mode selection of automatic accompaniment. The electronic wind instrument body 1 is equipped with a function expansion button component, which is used to realize the quick call of playing techniques or the triggering of custom functions.

[0064] Specifically, the chord button 25 is used to trigger the chord progression in real time according to the performer's instructions during automatic accompaniment playback, controlling the harmonic direction of the music. The chord mode switching button 20 is used to select from a variety of preset chord types such as major triads, minor triads, and seventh chords to adapt to the harmonic style requirements of different music. The function extension button component provides a physical interaction interface for the core control system of this invention, used to trigger special control functions.

[0065] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3The extended button assembly includes a TA button 26, which is located below the chord button 25. A TB button 27 is located between the lower touch note buttons 21, and a TC button 22 is located between the upper touch note buttons 21. A thumb control assembly is located on the back of the electronic wind instrument body 1.

[0066] Specifically, the TA button 26, TB button 27, and TC button 22 can be used as modifier keys. In the improvisational motif generation mode, they are used to intervene in real time and select the specific generation algorithm of the response phrase, such as switching rules for melody reversal or rhythm changes, thereby enabling the performer to have deep control over the human-computer interaction content.

[0067] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 The thumb control component includes a thumb rest 9, which is fixedly connected to the back of the electronic blowpipe body 1. A roller-type octave component 6 is provided on the upper side of the thumb rest 9, and the roller-type octave component 6 is rotatably connected inside the electronic blowpipe body 1.

[0068] Specifically, the thumb rest 9 provides a stable physical support point for the performer when holding the instrument, ensuring the stability of the instrument body when performing complex fingering operations, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the performance. The roller-type octave component 6 allows the performer to quickly switch between multiple octaves of the current playing range by rolling the thumb, so as to conveniently expand the effective playing range of the instrument.

[0069] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3 The sound output component includes a speaker 13, which is built into the electronic wind instrument body 1. The bottom back of the electronic wind instrument body 1 is provided with a stereo headphone output jack 17 and a stereo audio output jack 18. A drainage hole 19 is provided at the bottom of the electronic wind instrument body 1. A power supply and interface component is provided on the side wall of the electronic wind instrument body 1.

[0070] Specifically, the speaker 13 is used to output the instrument's own audio to meet the needs of daily practice or informal performances. The stereo headphone output jack 17 allows the player to connect headphones for silent practice to avoid disturbing others. The stereo audio output jack 18 is used to output the internally synthesized high-quality stereo audio signal to an external professional amplification system or recording equipment. The drain hole 19 is a physical structure used to drain water that accumulates inside the tube due to condensation caused by the player's playing, protecting the internal electronic components.

[0071] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 3The power supply and interface components include a power button 14, which is located on the bottom back of the electronic blowpipe body 1. Below the power button 14 is a Tee-C charging port 15. Power indicator lights 16 are located on both sides of the power button 14. A battery cover 12 is located on the back of the electronic blowpipe body 1.

[0072] Specifically, the power button 14 is used to control the circuit on / off of the entire device, the Type-C charging port 15 is used to power the rechargeable battery inside the device, and can also serve as an interface for MIDI data transmission or firmware upgrades, the power indicator light 16 is used to intuitively display the current power status and working status of the device to the user through different colors or flashing patterns, and the battery cover 12 is used to protect the internal battery compartment and facilitate the user to inspect or replace the battery.

[0073] See attached document Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a functional block diagram of a control system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] The control system 30 provided by the present invention is integrated inside the electronic blowpipe body 1.

[0075] The control system 30 may include a central processing unit 31, a non-volatile memory 32, and a volatile memory 33.

[0076] The central processing unit 31, as the core of the system, is responsible for executing stored instructions and processing data.

[0077] The central processing unit 31 is electrically connected to the breath pressure sensor located inside the mouthpiece 2 via its built-in or external analog-to-digital converter (ADC).

[0078] This connection is used to acquire the continuously changing analog pressure signal generated by the performer while playing and convert it into a digital raw breath pressure data stream, which serves as the basis for subsequent dynamic accompaniment control.

[0079] The central processing unit 31 is also electrically connected to each button and sensor in the main melody input component, accompaniment control component and function expansion button component through its multiple general purpose input / output (GPIO) ports.

[0080] Specifically, these connections include:

[0081] Touch note button 21, slide bar 7, down bend button 11, sharp button 1 23, flat button 1 24, sharp button 2 28, flat button 2 29, chord button 25, chord mode switch button 20, TA button 26, TB button 27 and TC button 22.

[0082] The central processing unit 31 obtains discrete digital signals for defining the main melody pitch, performance techniques, and control commands by scanning the status of these ports.

[0083] Non-volatile memory 32, such as flash memory, is used to store the firmware code of the storage control system 30.

[0084] The firmware code logically defines several functional modules of the present invention, including:

[0085] The system includes a real-time performance parameter acquisition module 34, an accompaniment dynamic control module 35, an improvisational motif generation module 36, and an audio signal synthesis module 37.

[0086] The volatile memory 33, such as random access memory (RAM), provides high-speed data reading, writing, and temporary storage space for the central processing unit 31 when performing the functions of the above modules.

[0087] During system operation, the program instructions executed by the central processing unit 31 constitute the various functional modules.

[0088] The real-time performance parameter acquisition module 34 is responsible for receiving and initially processing the raw data from the analog-to-digital converter and GPIO port.

[0089] The accompaniment dynamic control module 35 and the improvisational motif generation module 36 receive the performance parameters processed by module 34, and respectively execute the corresponding algorithms to generate accompaniment control data and response phrase data.

[0090] The audio signal synthesis module 37 receives the original main melody pitch data, accompaniment control data, and response phrase data.

[0091] The audio signal synthesis module 37 converts the processed digital audio signal into an analog audio signal through a digital-to-analog converter (DAC).

[0092] After being amplified by the amplifier circuit, the analog audio signal is transmitted to the sound output component, where it can be played by the built-in speaker 13 or output through the stereo headphone output jack 17 and the stereo audio output jack 18.

[0093] Meanwhile, the central processing unit 31 is also responsible for driving the display screen 3 in the parameter adjustment and display component to visually present the current instrument status, accompaniment mode or parameter settings to the user.

[0094] The function of the real-time performance parameter acquisition module 34 is to convert the analog and discrete inputs generated by the performer through physical operation into a standardized digital data stream that can be calculated and processed within the control system 30.

[0095] The processing of the breath pressure signal includes the following steps.

[0096] First, the analog voltage output by the breath pressure sensor is periodically sampled at a preset sampling frequency (e.g., 1 kHz) by an analog-to-digital converter connected to the central processing unit 31 to obtain a discrete, quantized raw digital sequence P. raw [n].

[0097] To eliminate sensor noise and glitches introduced by the vibration of the blowing airflow, the real-time performance parameter acquisition module 34 applies a digital low-pass filter to the original sequence.

[0098] In a specific implementation, a first-order infinite impulse response (IIR) filter can be used, and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0099] P[n]=α·P raw [n]+(1-α)·P[n-1];

[0100] Where P[n] is the filtered air pressure value at the nth sampling time, and P[n-1] is the filtered result P at the previous sampling time. raw [n] is the original sampled value at the current time, and α is the filter coefficient, which takes values ​​in the range of (0,1). This value determines the smoothness of the filter.

[0101] Subsequently, the real-time performance parameter acquisition module 34 normalizes the filtered pressure value P[n], linearly mapping it from the inherent numerical range of the analog-to-digital converter (e.g., 0-4095) to a standardized control range (e.g., 0-127, corresponding to the velocity or expression controller values ​​in the MIDI protocol).

[0102] The normalized data stream, denoted as P(t), is output to the accompaniment dynamic control module 35 as the basis for analyzing performance expressiveness.

[0103] For discrete input signals, the real-time performance parameter acquisition module 34 uses the central processing unit 31 to poll and scan the input ports connected to each key at fixed time intervals.

[0104] To prevent signal misinterpretation due to unstable touch or electromagnetic interference, the real-time performance parameter acquisition module 34 integrates a software de-jitter logic.

[0105] When a change in the state of a key is detected, such as from never being pressed to being pressed, the system starts a counter. Only when the key maintains the new state for a preset number of scan cycles, such as 3, is the state change recognized as a valid key event.

[0106] Once a valid key event is confirmed, the real-time performance parameter acquisition module 34 immediately encodes the event.

[0107] In one embodiment, the encoding conforms to the MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) protocol standard.

[0108] For example, a valid touch note key 21 press event will be encoded as a MIDINoteOn message.

[0109] The message contains a note number representing a specific pitch, and a velocity value, which is taken from the normalized breath pressure P(t) at the moment the key press event occurs.

[0110] Similarly, the release of a key is encoded as a MIDINoteOff message.

[0111] The change in the touch position of the slide bar 7 is encoded as a series of consecutive MIDIPitchBend messages.

[0112] Finally, the real-time performance parameter acquisition module 34 synchronously and in real-time transmits the processed continuous breath pressure data stream P(t) and discrete, encoded MIDI event data stream to the accompaniment dynamic control module 35, the improvisational motif generation module 36 and the audio signal synthesis module 37 in the control system 30 for subsequent processing.

[0113] After receiving the standardized breath pressure data stream P(t) provided by the real-time performance parameter acquisition module 34, the accompaniment dynamic control module 35 performs analysis and modulation functions.

[0114] The accompaniment dynamic control module 35 operates independently of pitch information, adjusting the parameters of the automatic accompaniment solely based on the performer's breath control.

[0115] The accompaniment dynamic control module 35 analyzes breath pressure in parallel across two time dimensions.

[0116] The first dimension is a macroscopic intensity analysis of the duration of a note.

[0117] Accompaniment dynamic control module 35 calculates the duration mean pressure S through a sliding window. avg (t).

[0118] In a specific implementation, this value is obtained by integrating or averaging the air pressure values ​​over a past time window W, and is defined as follows:

[0119]

[0120] Where P(τ) is the respiratory pressure value at time point τ, and W is the preset time window width, such as 500 milliseconds.

[0121] This S avgThe (t) value was used for two parallel control paths.

[0122] Firstly, it is directly converted into a value of a MIDI expression controller ControlChange11 through a preset mapping function, which is used to control the overall volume of all current accompaniment tracks in real time.

[0123] Secondly, this value is related to a set of ligand hierarchy thresholds Θ stored in non-volatile memory 32. L,i (e.g. Θ) L,1 ,Θ L,2 ,…,Θ L,n (Compare)

[0124] When S avg (t) exceeds a certain threshold Θ L,i At that time, the accompaniment dynamic control module 35 activates one or more preset accompaniment parts (e.g., when the frequency exceeds Θ). L,1 Add piano chords when the time exceeds Θ L,2 (At this time, string instruments are added as a base), thereby achieving dynamic addition or subtraction of orchestration layers.

[0125] The second dimension is a micro-dynamic analysis of the moment a note begins, used to detect accented events.

[0126] When the real-time performance parameter acquisition module 34 reports a note start event, the accompaniment dynamic control module 35 immediately records the time t of the event occurrence. onset Analyze the nearby breath pressure curves to calculate the onset slope A. slope .

[0127] In a digital system, this slope can be approximated as the pressure increment within a very short time Δt after the note begins, and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0128]

[0129] Wherein, P(t) onset ) is the breath pressure value at the start of the note, and Δt is a fixed short time interval, such as 20 milliseconds.

[0130] Calculated A slope The value will be compared with an accent threshold Θ stored in non-volatile memory 32, which can be adjusted and set by the user via parameter adjustment and display components. A Compare them.

[0131] If A slope >Θ A Then module 35 determines that an accent event has occurred.

[0132] After the accent event is confirmed, the accompaniment dynamic control module 35 immediately executes an embellishment trigger process.

[0133] The accompaniment dynamic control module 35 selects a short musical clip from a preset MIDI embellishment clip library in the non-volatile memory 32 that matches the current accompaniment style and harmonic environment.

[0134] To ensure the synchronization of the music, the playback command for this segment is not executed immediately, but is marked as a pending event and sent to a beat quantizer.

[0135] The quantizer waits until the next preset beat point (e.g., the start of the next eighth or sixteenth note) arrives before sending a command to the audio signal synthesis module 37 to play the MIDI segment, thereby achieving an automatic embellishment effect that is precisely aligned with the accompaniment beat and triggered by the performance accents.

[0136] After receiving the encoded MIDI event data stream provided by the real-time performance parameter acquisition module 34, the improvisation motif generation module 36 performs the capture, analysis and generation of musical phrases in the preset improvisation mode.

[0137] The first step in the improvisational motive generation module 36 is the capture and segmentation of call phrases.

[0138] The improvisational motif generation module 36 continuously monitors the timing information in the input MIDI event stream.

[0139] Specifically, it calculates the time interval between any two consecutive note events, that is, the duration from the NoteOff event of the previous note to the NoteOn event of the next note, denoted as the rest duration t. rest .

[0140] This duration is related to a pause threshold Θ stored in non-volatile memory 32, which can be preset by the user. D Real-time comparisons are performed (e.g., every 500 milliseconds).

[0141] When t is detected rest >Θ D At that time, the system determined that the performer had completed an independent musical phrase statement.

[0142] At this point, the improvisational motif generation module 36 separates the previously accumulated series of continuous MIDI note events from the input stream, forming a complete call phrase M. call It is then stored in a dedicated data buffer of volatile memory 33.

[0143] The second step of the improvisational motif generation module 36 is to process the captured call phrase M. callAnalyze and extract motivational characteristics. call It is a sequence of note data structures that contains information such as pitch, start time, and duration.

[0144] The improvisational motif generation module 36 extracts two core musical features from this structural sequence:

[0145] 1. Melody Outline C mel .

[0146] This is a sequence of notes representing the relative pitch relationships of musical phrases.

[0147] If the musical phrase M is called call It contains k notes, whose MIDI pitches are p1, p2, ..., p k The melody outline is then defined as: C mel ={p2-p1,p3-p2,…,p k -p k-1};

[0148] 2. Rhythm gene R dna .

[0149] This is a sequence representing the relative time values ​​of musical phrases.

[0150] It is composed of the intervals between the starting notes of each note in the musical phrase, and is normalized by the current accompaniment tempo.

[0151] If the note i begins at time t onset,i The duration of each smallest beat unit (e.g., a sixteenth note) in the current accompaniment is T. unit Then the i-th element in the rhythm gene is defined as:

[0152] At the same time, the improvisational motif generation module 36 obtains the harmonic environment H at the time the musical phrase occurs from the accompaniment dynamic control module 35 or a shared system state manager. ctx This information includes the root note of the current accompaniment and the chord type.

[0153] The third step of the improvisational motif generation module 36 is to generate algorithmic response phrases based on the extracted features.

[0154] The improvisational motive generation module 36 applies a preset transformation function T, with C mel R dna and H ctx For input, generate a new MIDI note sequence, i.e., a response phrase M. respFunction T contains various transformation rules, and the performer can select the currently active rule by operating the TA button 26, TB button 27, or TC button 22 in the extended function button component.

[0155] These rules include:

[0156] Sequence imitation: Select a sequence based on the current harmonic environment H ctx The determined target pitch is used as the starting pitch of the response phrase, and then the melodic contour C is applied sequentially. mel The intervals in the intervals are used to generate new pitch sequences.

[0157] The rhythm uses the original rhythm gene R. dna .

[0158] Melody Reversal: Reverse the melody outline C mel By reversing the sign of each interval value, we obtain the reverse profile C′. mel ={-(p2-p1),-(p3-p2),…}, and then generate response musical phrases based on this.

[0159] Rhythm variation: on rhythm gene R dna Multiplying all elements by a coefficient (e.g., 2.0 or 0.5) increases or decreases the tempo, then combining this with the original melodic outline C mel Generate a response musical phrase.

[0160] The generated response phrase M resp It is transmitted to the audio signal synthesis module 37 for final sound synthesis and output.

[0161] The audio signal synthesis module 37 is the execution unit in the control system 30 responsible for generating the final audible audio signal.

[0162] The audio signal synthesis module 37 receives three parallel, encoded digital control data streams from the upstream module: the main melody MIDI data stream from the real-time performance parameter acquisition module 34, the accompaniment MIDI data stream from the accompaniment dynamic control module 35, and the response phrase MIDI data stream from the improvisation motif generation module 36.

[0163] The audio signal synthesis module 37 integrates a multi-channel digital sound generator.

[0164] The timbre data of the generator is stored in non-volatile memory 32.

[0165] In one specific implementation, these data are instrument timbre libraries based on wavetable synthesis or multi-layer sampling, containing the acoustic characteristics of main melody instruments and various accompaniment instruments (such as drums, bass, piano, strings, etc.).

[0166] When the audio signal synthesis module 37 receives a MIDI note event (e.g., a NoteOn message containing pitch, velocity, and channel number) from any data stream, it performs the following operations:

[0167] Select the corresponding instrument timbre based on the channel number, select the corresponding waveform data or sample segment from the timbre library based on the pitch number, and set its initial amplitude based on the velocity value to generate a discrete digital audio waveform.

[0168] For continuous controller data, such as MIDI expression controller values ​​(CC#11) converted from breath pressure, the audio signal synthesis module 37 uses it to modulate the volume envelope or cutoff frequency of the note during continuous sounding in real time, thereby achieving dynamic changes in sound.

[0169] For the pitch bend data generated by the glissando strip, the audio signal synthesis module 37 is used to adjust the playback sampling rate of the produced sound notes in real time, thereby achieving smooth pitch changes.

[0170] The audio signals from the main melody, automatic accompaniment, and response phrases are generated inside the digital sound generator and then sent to a multi-channel digital mixer.

[0171] Each mixing channel can have its volume and panning parameters set independently.

[0172] The volume of the channel related to automatic accompaniment is directly modulated by the control signal output by the accompaniment dynamic control module 35, while the volume of the main melody and response phrases is determined by its real-time performance intensity or generation algorithm.

[0173] The signals from each channel are superimposed and mixed in the mixer to form a total stereo dry signal.

[0174] The dry signal can be fed into a digital effects processing unit to apply global effects, such as reverb or chorus, to increase the spatiality and fullness of the sound.

[0175] The final stereo digital audio signal stream, after effects processing, is transmitted to the digital-to-analog converter in the control system 30.

[0176] The digital-to-analog converter converts the digital signal into an analog audio signal.

[0177] The analog signal is then amplified by the internal audio amplifier circuit to drive the built-in speaker 13 to produce sound, or output to external devices through the stereo headphone output jack 17 and the stereo audio output jack 18.

Claims

1. An electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function, characterized in that, include: An electronic wind instrument body (1) is provided with a mouthpiece (2) at one end. A hanging ring (8) is fixedly connected to the back of the electronic wind instrument body (1). A main melody input component and a parameter adjustment and display component are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the electronic wind instrument body (1). A control system and a sound output component are integrated inside. The main melody input component includes multiple touch note buttons (21), which are arranged in an array on the front of the electronic wind instrument body (1). A slide bar (7) is provided on the back of the electronic wind instrument body (1), and a down-curve button (11) is provided on the back of the electronic wind instrument body (1). The down-curve button (11) is located below the slide bar (7). The parameter adjustment and display component includes a display screen (3), which is located on the back of the electronic blowpipe body (1). Below the display screen (3) are two encoders A (4) and B (5) for adjusting parameters. Addition and subtraction buttons (10) are located on both sides of the down-bend tone button (11).

2. The electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main melody input component also includes a first semitone control unit and a second semitone control unit. The first semitone control unit includes a raised semitone button (23) and a lower semitone button (24). The raised semitone button (23) and the lower semitone button (24) are fixedly connected to the front of the electronic wind instrument body (1) and are located between the upper touch note buttons (21). The second semitone control unit includes a raised semitone button (28) and a lower semitone button (29). The raised semitone button (28) and the lower semitone button (29) are fixedly connected to the front of the electronic wind instrument body (1) and are located between the lower touch note buttons (21). The electronic wind instrument body (1) is provided with an accompaniment control component.

3. An electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The accompaniment control component includes a chord key (25), which is fixedly connected below the semitone lower key (24). A chord mode switching key (20) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the upper touch note key (21) to control the chord triggering and mode selection of automatic accompaniment. The electronic wind instrument body (1) is provided with a function expansion key component to realize the quick call of playing techniques or the triggering of custom functions.

4. An electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The extended function button assembly includes a TA button (26), which is located below the chord button (25). A TB button (27) is located between the lower touch note buttons (21), and a TC button (22) is located between the upper touch note buttons (21). A thumb control assembly is located on the back of the electronic wind instrument body (1).

5. An electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function according to claim 4, characterized in that, The thumb control component includes a thumb rest (9), which is fixedly connected to the back of the electronic blowpipe body (1). A roller-type octave assembly (6) is provided on the upper side of the thumb rest (9), and the roller-type octave assembly (6) is rotatably connected inside the electronic blowpipe body (1).

6. An electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sound output component includes a speaker (13), which is built into the electronic blowpipe body (1). The bottom back of the electronic blowpipe body (1) is provided with a stereo headphone output jack (17) and a stereo audio output jack (18). The bottom of the electronic blowpipe body (1) is provided with a drainage hole (19). The side wall of the electronic blowpipe body (1) is provided with a power supply and interface component.

7. An electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power supply and interface components include a power button (14), which is located on the bottom back of the electronic blowpipe body (1). A Tee-C charging port (15) is located below the power button (14). Power indicator lights (16) are located on both sides of the power button (14). A battery cover (12) is located on the back of the electronic blowpipe body (1).

8. An electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function and its control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system includes: The real-time performance parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the breath pressure signal generated by the performer and the pitch signal input through the main melody input component in real time. The accompaniment dynamic control module is used to analyze the breath pressure signal collected by the real-time performance parameter acquisition module, and dynamically modulate the accompaniment parameters of the automatic accompaniment based on the analysis results. The improvisational motif generation module is used to capture and analyze the call phrases composed of the pitch signals in a preset improvisational mode, and generate response phrases corresponding to the call phrases based on preset transformation rules. The audio signal synthesis module is used to synthesize the main melody audio played by the performer with the accompaniment audio modulated by the accompaniment dynamic control module or the response phrase audio generated by the improvisation motif generation module and then output the result.

9. An electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function and its control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The accompaniment dynamic control module is specifically used to calculate the onset slope of the breath pressure signal and determine whether the onset slope exceeds the preset accent threshold to determine the accent event. The accompaniment dynamic control module is also used to: adjust the volume and orchestration level of the automatic accompaniment according to the average pressure of the duration of the breath pressure signal. Furthermore, when the accent event is determined to have occurred, a preset embellishment event is automatically triggered.

10. An electronic wind instrument with automatic accompaniment function and its control system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The improvisational motivation generation module is specifically used for: The call phrase is segmented and captured by detecting performance rests in the pitch signal; The improvisational motif generation module is also used to extract the melodic outline and rhythmic genes of the call phrase; The improvisational motif generation module is also used to generate the response phrase based on the melody outline and rhythmic genes, and in combination with the harmonic environment of the automatic accompaniment, by applying the preset transformation rules.

Images