First-aid device for filling thoracic cavity to stop bleeding for open thoracic trauma

Abstract

The invention discloses a first-aid device for filling thoracic cavity for hemostasis of an open thoracic wound, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments, the first-aid device for filling thoracic cavity for hemostasis of the open thoracic wound comprises an imbedding unit, a pressure management unit and a fixing unit, the imbedding unit is used for entering the thoracic cavity through the wound; the pressure management unit is connected with the implantation unit and can be used for pressurizing the implantation unit and monitoring the pressure, so that the implantation unit which is deformed after being pressurized is subjected to compression hemostasis in the chest; the fixing unit is connected with the end, located outside the wound, of the imbedding unit and can be fixed to the body surface of a patient and seal the wound. The first-aid device for filling the chest cavity for hemostasis of the open chest wound can be rapidly placed in an external field environment, and the two core problems of wound closing and intracavitary bleeding can be effectively solved at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to an emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in open chest wounds. Background Technology

[0002] Open chest injuries, especially penetrating injuries caused by shrapnel, bullets, or sharp objects, are a common and critical injury. The leading causes of death are hemorrhagic shock and tension pneumothorax. On-site treatment of the injured within one hour before arrival at a medical facility is crucial.

[0003] Currently, the on-site first aid techniques and devices for this type of injury mainly include the following categories: Chest wall closure dressings: such as sealing chest patches with one-way valves or simple dressings. Their core function is to convert an open pneumothorax into a closed pneumothorax, preventing air from being drawn into the pleural cavity during inspiration, thereby stabilizing the mediastinum. However, these products only focus on solving the pneumothorax problem and have little effect on stopping concurrent active intrapleural bleeding (such as pulmonary parenchymal tears, rupture of pulmonary arteries or veins, or chest wall arteries). The injured person may die from continuous internal bleeding, even if the pneumothorax is temporarily controlled.

[0004] External compression devices: These include bandages, pressure dressings, or airbags applied to the body surface for external compression. However, the pressure from these methods is attenuated by the chest wall and is difficult to effectively transmit to the bleeding points deep within the chest cavity, resulting in uncertain hemostasis. More importantly, forceful external compression can easily aggravate rib fractures and even artificially induce or worsen tension pneumothorax, posing an extremely high risk.

[0005] Closed thoracic drainage: Although it is the standard procedure for treating hemothorax and pneumothorax in hospitals, it is completely unavailable on battlefields or disaster sites. It is mainly used to drain accumulated fluid and gas, rather than to actively control active bleeding.

[0006] In summary, there is an urgent need to design a technical solution that can be rapidly implanted in an outdoor environment and can simultaneously and effectively solve the two core problems of wound closure and intracavitary bleeding. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in open chest wounds, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It can be quickly inserted in an outdoor environment and can simultaneously and effectively solve the two core problems of wound closure and intracavitary bleeding.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides an emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in open chest wounds, comprising: An implantation unit is used to enter the thoracic cavity through the incision; A pressure management unit, connected to the implantation unit, is capable of pressurizing the implantation unit and monitoring the pressure, so that the pressurized and deformed implantation unit can compress and stop bleeding inside the thoracic cavity. The fixation unit is connected to the end of the insertion unit located outside the wound, and can be fixed to the patient's body surface and seal the wound.

[0009] Optionally, the insertion unit includes a balloon body and a catheter, one end of the catheter being connected to the balloon body and the other end being connected to the fixation unit; and the end of the catheter away from the balloon body being connected to the pressure management unit, which can pressurize the balloon body through the catheter.

[0010] Optionally, the balloon body is made of a flexible material and has a hydrophilic coating on its outer surface.

[0011] Optionally, the balloon body is an ellipsoidal structure that mimics the shape of a lung, comprising an inner layer, a middle layer, and an outer layer. The inner layer is made of medical-grade silicone, the middle layer is made of nylon mesh, and the outer surface of the outer layer is coated with a hydrophilic coating.

[0012] Optionally, a shape memory nickel-titanium alloy scaffold is implanted within the balloon body, and the balloon body can expand to a predetermined shape after being inflated.

[0013] Optionally, the catheter is a hollow tubular balloon, with its distal end connected to the balloon body and its proximal end extending outside the body and connected to the pressure management unit.

[0014] Optionally, the catheter has an inflation chamber and a pressure measuring chamber arranged along the axial direction of the catheter. The inflation chamber is used to deliver the inflation medium to the balloon body. The pressure measuring chamber is equipped with a pressure sensor to transmit the pressure signal inside the balloon body to the pressure management unit.

[0015] Optionally, the pressure management unit includes a pressure source, a pressure sensor, and a control module; the pressure source is connected to the catheter and is used to fill the balloon body with a pressurizing medium; the pressure sensor can sense the pressure value inside the balloon body in real time and convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal; the control module receives the electrical signal sent by the pressure sensor and adjusts the pressure value inside the balloon body accordingly.

[0016] Optionally, the pressure management unit further includes a human-machine interface, which is used to display the current pressure value in real time and set the target pressure parameter.

[0017] Optionally, the fixation unit includes a fixation base, a sealing pad, and a fixation strap; the fixation base is fixedly sleeved on the external part of the catheter and can slide along the side wall of the external part of the catheter to fit against the patient's skin; the sealing pad is applied to the side of the fixation base that is close to the skin; the fixation strap is connected to both sides of the fixation base and is used to wrap around the chest and fix it.

[0018] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: This invention involves inserting an implantable unit into the thoracic cavity through a trauma channel. A pressure management unit inflates the unit, causing it to expand. This effectively controls bleeding from the lung parenchyma, pulmonary artery / vein, or chest wall arteries by filling the thoracic cavity, compressing lung tissue, and closing bleeding vessels. Simultaneously, it restores the integrity of the thoracic cavity and maintains mediastinal balance and hemodynamic stability. The external component is equipped with a fixation unit that securely adheres to the body surface, preventing air leakage and displacement. Integrated real-time pressure monitoring and feedback functions dynamically maintain a preset pressure even as lung tissue gradually collapses or the condition changes, ensuring the continuity and safety of hemostasis. This provides valuable time and life support for transporting injured patients to higher-level medical units for decisive treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in one or more embodiments of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the balloon body of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the deployed state of the balloon body of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 100-Insertion unit, 101-Balloon body, 1011-Inner layer, 1012-Middle layer, 1013-Outer layer, 1014-Memory nickel-titanium alloy stent, 102-Catheter, 1021-Inflation chamber, 1022-Pressure measurement chamber, 200-Pressure management unit, 201-Pressure source, 202-Pressure sensor, 203-Control module, 204-Human machine interface, 300-Fixing unit, 301-Fixing base, 302-Sealing gasket, 303-Fixing strap. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The purpose of this invention is to provide an emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in open chest wounds, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It can be quickly inserted in an outdoor environment and can simultaneously and effectively solve the two core problems of wound closure and intracavitary bleeding.

[0024] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] For open chest trauma, existing technologies cannot effectively control active intrapleural bleeding in the pre-hospital stage. To address this issue, this invention provides an emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in open chest trauma, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, it includes an insertion unit 100, a pressure management unit 200, and a fixation unit 300. The insertion unit 100 is used to enter the thoracic cavity through the wound. The pressure management unit 200 is connected to the insertion unit 100 and can pressurize and monitor the pressure of the insertion unit 100 so that the pressurized and deformed insertion unit 100 can compress and stop bleeding inside the thoracic cavity. The fixation unit 300 is connected to the end of the insertion unit 100 located outside the wound and can fix it to the patient's body surface and seal the wound. This invention involves inserting the implantation unit 100 into the thoracic cavity through a trauma channel. The pressure management unit 200 inflates the unit, filling the thoracic cavity, compressing lung tissue, and closing bleeding vessels. This effectively controls bleeding from the lung parenchyma, pulmonary artery / vein, or chest wall arteries. Simultaneously, it restores the integrity of the thoracic cavity and maintains mediastinal balance and hemodynamic stability. The external component is equipped with a fixation unit 300, which securely adheres to the body surface, preventing air leakage and displacement. Integrated real-time pressure monitoring and feedback functions dynamically maintain a preset pressure even as lung tissue gradually collapses or the condition changes, ensuring the continuity and safety of hemostasis. This provides valuable time and life support for transporting injured patients to higher-level medical units for decisive treatment.

[0026] In one embodiment, the insertion unit 100 includes a balloon body 101 and a catheter 102. One end of the catheter 102 is connected to the balloon body 101, and the other end is connected to the fixing unit 300. The end of the catheter 102 away from the balloon body 101 is connected to the pressure management unit 200. The pressure management unit 200 can pressurize the balloon body 101 through the catheter 102. In this embodiment, the pressurizing medium is gas.

[0027] In this embodiment, the insertion unit 100 is used to enter the thoracic cavity through the wound to perform compression hemostasis. Its balloon body 101 is made of a biocompatible flexible material, such as medical-grade silicone or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Its initial state is an uninflated, wrinkled, contracted state, facilitating passage through a small wound. Its inflated shape is preferably a lung-shaped ellipsoid to increase the contact area with lung tissue and achieve uniform compression. The lung-shaped design provides a larger contact area, achieving more uniform compression and reducing the risk of tissue necrosis due to excessive local pressure. Medical-grade silicone / TPU is superior to materials such as latex in terms of biocompatibility, tear resistance, and long-term stability. In another embodiment, the balloon body 101 can be designed as a sphere, cylinder, or other geometric shapes, and can be made of other flexible biocompatible materials such as latex or natural rubber.

[0028] In one embodiment, the balloon body 101 includes an inner layer 1011, a middle layer 1012, and an outer layer 1013. The inner layer 1011 is made of medical-grade silicone with a thickness of 0.5 mm, exhibiting good biocompatibility and elasticity. The middle layer 1012 is made of nylon mesh as a reinforcing layer with a mesh density of 120 mesh, providing mechanical support. The outer surface of the outer layer 1013 is coated with a hydrophilic coating to reduce tissue adhesion and lower the risk of secondary damage during removal. A shape memory nickel-titanium alloy scaffold 1014 is implanted within the balloon body 101, which can unfold into a predetermined shape to provide a support frame.

[0029] In this embodiment, the catheter 102 is a hollow, thick tube that can accommodate a balloon. Its distal end is connected to and communicates with the balloon body 101, and its proximal end extends outside the body. The catheter 102 has multiple independent cavities inside, including a pressure chamber 1021 and a pressure measuring chamber 1022. The pressure chamber 1021 is used to deliver the pressure medium to the balloon body 101. The pressure measuring chamber 1022 can accommodate a pressure-sensing optical fiber or wire for transmitting pressure signals from inside the balloon body 101 to the pressure management unit 200.

[0030] In one embodiment, the pressure management unit 200 includes a pressure source 201, a pressure sensor 202, a control module 203, and a human-machine interface 204. The pressure source 201 is connected to the catheter 102 and is used to fill the balloon body 101 with a pressurizing medium. The pressure sensor 202 can sense the pressure value inside the balloon body 101 in real time and convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal. The control module 203 receives the electrical signal sent by the pressure sensor 202 and adjusts the pressure value inside the balloon body 101 accordingly.

[0031] In one embodiment, the pressure source 201 can be a manually operated syringe or a miniature electric air / liquid pump. The pressure sensor 202 senses the pressure value inside the balloon body 101 in real time through the pressure measuring chamber 1022 and converts the pressure signal into an electrical signal. The control module 203 receives the electrical signal sent by the pressure sensor 202. The control module 203 is configured to: preset a safe and effective target pressure range; when the pressure inside the balloon body 101 is detected to be lower than the lower limit of the target pressure range, control the pressure source 201 to replenish the medium inside the balloon body 101; when the pressure is detected to be higher than the upper limit of the target pressure range, control the vent valve on the catheter 102 to perform a small amount of venting, thereby dynamically maintaining the pressure inside the balloon body 101 within the preset range. The pressure control system adopts a three-level control strategy: in the coarse adjustment stage, rapid inflation to 80% of the target pressure; in the fine adjustment stage, slow inflation to the target pressure, with the speed controlled at 5 mmHg / s; and in the maintenance stage, dynamic adjustment using a PID algorithm, with a pressure fluctuation range of ±2 mmHg. The algorithm utilizes mature technology and includes the following special processing: Respiratory fluctuation filtering: eliminates pressure interference caused by breathing. Postural compensation: a built-in accelerometer automatically compensates for the effects of changes in body position. Leak detection: real-time monitoring of the pressure drop rate and early warning of system leaks. The human-machine interface 204 can be a display screen for real-time display of the current pressure value and allows setting of target pressure parameters.

[0032] In one embodiment, the fixation unit 300 includes a fixation base 301, a sealing pad 302, and a fixation strap 303. The fixation base 301 is fixedly sleeved on the external portion of the catheter 102 and can slide along the sidewall of the external portion of the catheter 102 to fit against the patient's skin. The sealing pad 302 is applied to the side of the fixation base 301 closest to the skin. The fixation strap 303 is connected to both sides of the fixation base 301 and is used to wrap around the chest and fix it. In this embodiment, the fixation base 301 adopts a biomimetic design, with a radius of curvature matching the average curvature of the adult thoracic cavity (male: 12.5cm, female: 11.8cm). The material is medical-grade polyurethane with a hardness of 60 Shore A, balancing comfort and support. The thickness of the fixation base 301 gradually decreases from 3mm at the center to 1mm at the edge to reduce pressure. The sealing pad 302 is made of a soft and elastic material, such as medical-grade silicone foam, to ensure a close fit to the skin surface and achieve wound sealing. The fixation strap 303, using high-strength Velcro or quick-release buckles, is used to wrap around the chest to secure the entire device. The fixation strap 303 employs a dual-point locking mechanism to ensure it will not loosen in any position. It is made of antibacterial fabric and can be used continuously for 72 hours. In one embodiment, the fixation unit 300 can be omitted, and instead, the external portion of the catheter 102 can be directly wrapped and secured to the patient's chest wall with a large amount of bandage or adhesive tape.

[0033] This invention provides a more direct, reliable, and efficient hemostatic effect. It can quickly control active bleeding in the lung parenchyma, pulmonary vessels, and chest wall vessels, with a success rate and efficiency far exceeding existing devices that only apply pressure to the body surface. The balloon body 101 is directly inserted into the thoracic cavity through the wound and inflated. This direct intracavitary compression method allows the pressure to act directly and concentratedly on the bleeding source without being attenuated by the chest wall tissue, resulting in more thorough and efficient hemostasis.

[0034] This invention can dynamically adapt to changes in injury condition, maintaining continuous and stable hemostatic pressure, thus enhancing safety. During patient evacuation, even with continuous lung tissue collapse or changes in patient position, this invention maintains effective pressure on the bleeding point, avoiding the risk of secondary bleeding caused by pressure loss in traditional static compression devices. The pressure sensor 202 monitors the balloon pressure in real time, and the control module 203 compares and makes decisions based on the real-time pressure with a preset target range, thereby driving the pressure source 201 or the exhaust valve to perform compensatory actions. This closed-loop feedback intelligent control logic gives the device dynamic pressure maintenance capabilities, a feature completely absent in existing devices that can only be inflated once.

[0035] This invention features a high degree of integration, greatly simplifying on-site emergency procedures and lowering the operational threshold. It integrates multiple functions such as wound closure, chest packing, compression hemostasis, and pressure monitoring into a single device, eliminating the need for operators to handle multiple devices separately. This makes it particularly suitable for non-professional medical personnel in extreme environments such as battlefields and disasters. The fixation unit 300 for wound closure and fixation, the insertion unit 100 for hemostasis, and the pressure management unit 200 for monitoring are physically integrated into one unit. Operators only need to perform simple steps such as insertion, fixation, and activation to complete all operations. Especially when using the intelligent mode with preset pressure parameters, the control module 203 will automatically complete all subsequent pressure management tasks, greatly reducing the judgment load and operational complexity for rescue personnel.

[0036] This invention simultaneously solves the problems of open pneumothorax and hemothorax, demonstrating outstanding comprehensive treatment efficacy. While achieving hemostasis, it also effectively seals the chest wall wound using an inflatable balloon and a fixing base 301 with a sealing pad 302, transforming an open pneumothorax into a closed one. The balloon body 101, after inflating within the cavity, itself constitutes an internal blockage of the wound, while the sealing pad 302 of the fixing unit 300 and the fixing base 301 provide the final seal from the outside. This dual internal and external sealing mechanism is more reliable than simple external dressing closure.

[0037] The method of using the above-mentioned device of the present invention is as follows: S101: Insertion Procedure. Measure the incision size and select a suitable device. Immerse the balloon body 101 in sterile saline to activate the hydrophilic coating, gently insert it at a 30° angle to a depth not exceeding 15cm, and then push it until a click is heard, indicating that the alloy stent has deployed.

[0038] S102: Closure and Initial Fixation Steps. The fixation base 301 of the fixation unit 300 is placed against the skin around the chest wall wound, and an initial seal is achieved using the sealing pad 302. Initial binding and fixation are then performed using the fixation strap 303. The compression of the sealing pad 302 is 25%-30% to ensure a tight seal. The fixation strap pressure is 20-30 mmHg to prevent tissue ischemia, and the tilt angle is less than 5° to ensure proper fit.

[0039] S103: Initial inflation step. The balloon body 101 is inflated by pressure source 201. Pressure sensor 202 monitors pressure changes in real time. This step inflates the balloon body 101 to contact and compress the bleeding point and lung tissue, achieving initial hemostasis. The initial inflation rate is 100 mL / min to quickly build up pressure, then decreases to 20 mL / min as it approaches the target pressure to prevent overshoot. The pressure stabilization time is less than 5 seconds, ensuring rapid onset of action.

[0040] S104: Pressure Monitoring and Intelligent Maintenance Step. The control module 203 continuously reads the real-time pressure data monitored by the pressure sensor 202 and compares the real-time pressure value with the preset target pressure range. If the real-time pressure value is lower than the lower limit of the target pressure range, the control module 203 determines that the compression force may be insufficient due to lung tissue collapse, and then triggers the pressure source 201 to automatically supplement the pressure, or issues an alarm to prompt the operator to manually supplement the pressure. When the pressure source 201 is an electric pump, automatic supplementary pressure can be achieved. If the real-time pressure value is higher than the upper limit of the target pressure range, the control module 203 controls the exhaust valve to perform a small amount of venting. The purpose of this step is to dynamically adapt to changes in the intrathoracic environment, intelligently and continuously maintain a stable and effective compression force throughout the entire transport process, and ensure that the hemostatic effect does not fail due to changes in the injury.

[0041] S105: Continuous Securing and Transfer Procedure. After confirming that the pressure has stabilized, reinforce the securing unit 300. Transfer the injured person while the device is still operational.

[0042] S106: Handover and depressurization procedure. Upon arrival at a medical unit equipped for surgery, hand the balloon over to the receiving personnel. Release the gas or liquid pressurizing medium inside the balloon body 101 via the pressure management unit 200 to cause it to retract, and then remove the device.

[0043] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. An emergency device for packing the pleural cavity to stop bleeding in open chest wounds, characterized in that: include: An implantation unit is used to enter the thoracic cavity through the incision; A pressure management unit, connected to the implantation unit, is capable of pressurizing the implantation unit and monitoring the pressure, so that the pressurized and deformed implantation unit can compress and stop bleeding inside the thoracic cavity. The fixation unit is connected to the end of the insertion unit located outside the wound, and can be fixed to the patient's body surface and seal the wound.

2. The emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in open chest wounds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insertion unit includes a balloon body and a catheter. One end of the catheter is connected to the balloon body, and the other end is connected to the fixation unit. The end of the catheter away from the balloon body is connected to the pressure management unit, which can pressurize the balloon body through the catheter.

3. The emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in open chest wounds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The balloon body is made of a flexible material and has a hydrophilic coating on its outer surface.

4. The emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in open chest wounds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The balloon body is an ellipsoidal structure that mimics the shape of a lung, comprising an inner layer, a middle layer, and an outer layer. The inner layer is made of medical-grade silicone, the middle layer is made of nylon mesh, and the outer surface of the outer layer is coated with a hydrophilic coating.

5. The emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in open chest wounds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The balloon body is implanted with a shape memory nickel-titanium alloy scaffold, and the balloon body can expand to a predetermined shape after being inflated.

6. The emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in open chest wounds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The catheter is a hollow tubular balloon, with its distal end connected to the balloon body and its proximal end extending outside the body and connected to the pressure management unit.

7. The emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in open chest wounds according to claim 6, characterized in that: The catheter has an internal filling chamber and a pressure measuring chamber arranged along the axial direction of the catheter. The filling chamber is used to deliver the filling medium to the balloon body. The pressure measuring chamber is equipped with a pressure sensor to transmit the pressure signal inside the balloon body to the pressure management unit.

8. The emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in open chest wounds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure management unit includes a pressure source, a pressure sensor, and a control module. The pressure source is connected to the catheter and is used to fill the balloon body with a pressurizing medium. The pressure sensor can sense the pressure value inside the balloon body in real time and convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal. The control module receives the electrical signal sent by the pressure sensor and adjusts the pressure value inside the balloon body accordingly.

9. The emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in open chest wounds according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressure management unit also includes a human-machine interface, which is used to display the current pressure value in real time and set the target pressure parameters.

10. The emergency device for pleural packing to stop bleeding in open chest wounds according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixation unit includes a fixation base, a sealing gasket, and a fixation strap; the fixation base is fixedly sleeved on the external part of the catheter and can slide along the side wall of the external part of the catheter to fit against the patient's skin; the sealing gasket is applied to the side of the fixation base that is close to the skin; the fixation strap is connected to both sides of the fixation base and is used to wrap around the chest and fix it.

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