Industrial steam supply intelligent charging control method and system based on DCS

Abstract

The invention discloses an industrial steam supply intelligent charging control method and system based on a DCS, and relates to the technical field of industrial automatic control metering, and the method comprises the steps: collecting instantaneous flow through a flowmeter, carrying out the integration in the DCS to form an accumulated amount, carrying out the synchronous updating of the balance according to the recharging information, and carrying out the automatic control. And constructing a hash chain for the usage and the balance according to a time sequence, and signing an output token by a trusted execution environment. The balance is mapped into a watermark amplitude, and the token derives a phase, is embedded into a phase jump sequence and then is superposed to a valve control instruction. A plurality of monitoring points synchronously collect response signals, time delay distribution comparison and phase echo matching are carried out, a control quantity is generated in combination with token verification, the control quantity is mapped into a duty ratio, a valve is driven in a pulse mode, and real-time charging, abnormal protection and account book traceability are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of industrial automatic control and metering technology, and in particular to an intelligent charging control method and system for industrial steam supply based on DCS. Background Technology

[0002] Existing industrial steam supply billing methods mostly rely on independent IC card pre-paid systems, manual meter reading, or decentralized data collection based on a single flow meter. A common problem with these methods is the disconnect between the metering process and the distributed control system (DCS). User steam consumption data cannot be synchronized in real time within the DCS, often requiring manual entry or additional transmission, which easily leads to data delays, errors, and disputes. Furthermore, IC card pre-paid models are vulnerable to hacking or forgery, and user recharge information is difficult to fully link with actual steam consumption, easily causing billing disputes.

[0003] At the control and safety level, existing steam supply charging methods are mostly "post-event statistics," lacking verification of the consistency between valve execution signals and actual response signals, making it difficult to promptly detect illegal steam use, bypass steam theft, or attacks. When data is tampered with or signals are forged, independent charging systems typically cannot provide effective authentication mechanisms and struggle to implement timely control measures at the process level. Furthermore, traditional systems often use centralized ledger storage, resulting in a lack of immutability and continuity in steam usage data and fee records, and insufficient dispute resolution and traceability capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the aforementioned existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, this invention provides an intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply based on DCS to solve the problems of poor reliability, insufficient security and lack of control loop in the existing industrial steam supply charging methods, such as the asynchronous collection of steam consumption data and DCS system, easy tampering of recharge information, lack of real-time authentication in the billing process, difficulty in timely verification of monitoring signals and lack of traceability of expense ledgers.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply based on DCS, which includes: collecting flow data through flow meters in the steam supply pipeline and inputting it into the DCS system; calculating the cumulative usage in the DCS system; updating the remaining amount based on user recharge information; generating a hash chain using the cumulative usage and the remaining amount; and outputting a token by a trusted execution environment.

[0008] The remaining amount is used for amplitude mapping, and a physical watermark signal is generated by combining the phase derived from the token. The physical watermark signal is then superimposed and injected into the valve control command. Based on the short-term challenge information provided by the trusted execution environment, the phase transition sequence is modulated onto the physical watermark signal.

[0009] The response signals after valve execution are collected at multiple monitoring points. The propagation delay distribution of the response signals is compared with the preset topological delay characteristics. Echo matching is performed on the phase jump sequence of the watermark signal, and the control quantity is formed by combining the token validity.

[0010] Based on the control quantity mapping, the duty cycle is obtained, a valve target opening signal is generated, and the valve is driven to perform pulse control to realize real-time intelligent charging for industrial steam supply.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the DCS-based intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply described in this invention, the generation of the hash chain includes: concatenating the cumulative usage, remaining amount, and timestamp with the hash value of the previous moment, and generating a new hash value through hash operation to form a continuous ledger; and signing the hash value by a trusted execution environment based on the cumulative usage and the remaining amount, and outputting a token containing the cumulative usage, remaining amount, and timestamp.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the DCS-based intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply described in this invention, the generation of the physical watermark signal includes: setting a corresponding watermark amplitude based on the user's remaining amount, wherein the watermark amplitude is dynamically adjusted according to a preset functional relationship as the remaining amount changes; deriving a random phase using the token information output by the trusted execution environment, and combining the watermark amplitude with the random phase to generate a narrowband sine wave signal as the physical watermark signal.

[0013] The physical watermark signal is superimposed onto the valve control command, and after superposition, amplitude limits and safety boundary constraints are applied to the valve control command so that the valve control command carries the physical watermark signal within the process allowable range.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the DCS-based intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply described in this invention, the propagation delay of the response signal is compared with the preset topology delay characteristics obtained in the calibration stage to obtain the deviation between the measured propagation delay and the expected propagation delay; and a delay consistency result is generated based on whether the deviation is within a preset tolerance range.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the DCS-based intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply described in this invention, the echo matching includes: the trusted execution environment including short-term challenge information when generating a token, mapping the short-term challenge information into a phase transition sequence and modulating it into the physical watermark signal;

[0016] Multiple monitoring points perform phase demodulation on the response signal to obtain the echo phase trajectory, and match the echo phase trajectory with the phase transition sequence to generate a phase matching result.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the DCS-based intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply described in this invention, the control quantity is formed by the time delay consistency result, the phase matching result, and the token validity, and is determined according to preset gating rules.

[0018] The valve operates at its normal duty cycle only when the delay consistency result is passed, the phase matching result is passed, and the token validity is valid; when any of the determinations fails, the valve enters a graded protection mode, which includes current limiting operation, minimum survival duty cycle, and power outage.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the DCS-based intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply described in this invention, the pulse control of the driving valve includes mapping the control quantity to a duty cycle, generating a target valve opening signal according to the duty cycle, and converting the target valve opening signal into a pulse width modulation command to control the valve to alternate between opening and closing durations within the control cycle.

[0020] When the control quantity is below the set threshold, the valve performs flow-limiting operation to maintain the minimum steam supply demand; when the control quantity is zero, the valve performs a supply shutdown action.

[0021] The duty cycle refers to the proportion of time the valve remains open within a control cycle.

[0022] Secondly, the present invention provides an intelligent charging control system for industrial steam supply based on DCS, including: a data acquisition module, used to collect flow data through flow meters in the steam supply pipeline and input it into the DCS system;

[0023] The ledger generation module is used to calculate the cumulative usage in the DCS system, update the remaining amount, and concatenate the cumulative usage, remaining amount, and timestamp with the hash value of the previous moment to generate a hash chain, and output the token by the trusted execution environment.

[0024] The watermark generation module is used to set the watermark amplitude based on the remaining amount, combine the token-derived phase to generate a physical watermark signal, and superimpose the physical watermark signal onto the valve control command.

[0025] The multi-point verification module is used to collect the response signal after the valve is executed at multiple monitoring points, compare the propagation delay of the response signal with the preset topological delay characteristics, perform echo matching on the phase jump sequence, and form a control quantity by combining the token validity.

[0026] The duty cycle control module is used to obtain the duty cycle based on the control quantity mapping, generate the target valve opening signal, and drive the valve to perform steam supply control in a pulse manner, so as to realize real-time intelligent billing of industrial steam supply.

[0027] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements any step of the DCS-based intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0028] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements any step of the DCS-based intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply as described in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By directly connecting the flow meter within the DCS system, real-time acquisition of instantaneous flow data and cumulative usage calculation are achieved. A hash chain is generated when recharge information is updated, ensuring the continuity and immutability of the expense ledger. A physical watermark signal is generated using balance amplitude mapping and token-derived phase, and the phase transition sequence is modulated into the valve control command, giving the control command verifiable identity characteristics within the allowable process range. Response signals after valve execution are simultaneously acquired at multiple monitoring points. Dual authentication at the physical and token layers is achieved through topology delay comparison and echo phase matching, effectively preventing bypass steam use and signal forgery. The control quantity generated based on the verification results is mapped to a duty cycle, further converted into a valve target opening signal, and executed in a pulse manner, binding the steam supply flow to the user's credit status in real time. Through tiered modes such as flow-limited operation, minimum survival duty cycle, and supply interruption, both the safety boundary of energy supply is guaranteed, and the transparency and traceability of the charging process are improved. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply based on DCS. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0034] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 This is one embodiment of the present invention, which provides an intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply based on DCS, including the following steps:

[0036] S1: Collect flow data through flow meters in the steam supply network and input it into the DCS system. Calculate the cumulative usage in the DCS system, update the remaining amount based on user recharge information, generate a hash chain using the cumulative usage and remaining amount, and output a token from the trusted execution environment.

[0037] Flow meters are installed on each branch or main pipe of the steam supply network, and the instantaneous flow rate Q(t) is collected and input into the DCS system through the 485→COMII channel.

[0038] DCS system at sampling period T s The cumulative usage C(t) is calculated using internal points; the cumulative usage data is updated in real time within the DCS and used for subsequent billing logic and hash chain generation.

[0039] User recharge information is synchronized from the finance or marketing system to the DCS, and the DCS updates the remaining amount R(t). When the network is interrupted or the system is offline, the local backup accounting module maintains an offline balance R. loc (t), and decreases according to cumulative usage. The switching logic between online and offline balances is protected by built-in security features in the DCS to ensure data continuity.

[0040] Construct a ledger input by displaying the cumulative usage and remaining amount in a time-series format:

[0041] H k =Hash(H k-1 ||Ck ||R k ||t k )

[0042] Among them, H k-1 C is the hash value of the previous period. k R represents the cumulative usage for this period. k The remaining amount for this period, t k For timestamps; H k Represents the hash value of the k-th time slice; Hash(·) represents the hash function; C k R represents the cumulative usage in the k-th time slice; k This represents the remaining amount in the k-th time slice (updated in real-time based on recharge information or decreased locally); t k This represents the timestamp of the k-th time slice, used to mark the time of ledger entries.

[0043] In a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) within a field flow meter or RTU, based on private key k TEE Sign the latest ledger state to generate a token:

[0044]

[0045] Where Token(t) represents the token generated at time t; This represents the signature function, using the private key k of the trusted execution environment. TEE Digitally sign the input data; H k This represents the hash chain value of the k-th time slice; t k R represents the timestamp of the k-th time slice; loc,k This represents the local remaining amount in the k-th time slice.

[0046] The token contains core parameters such as hash chain value, timestamp, cumulative usage, and offline balance, making it unforgeable. The DCS system receives and caches the token for subsequent watermark generation, token verification, and duty cycle calculation.

[0047] Most existing industrial steam supply charging systems use separate data acquisition terminals and DCS systems, which can easily lead to delays or asynchrony in usage data. S1 addresses this by installing flow meters on each branch or main pipe of the steam supply network and directly inputting instantaneous flow into the DCS system via the 485→COMII channel, allowing data acquisition and control logic to be completed within the same system. The DCS system performs integral calculations within the sampling period to obtain the cumulative usage and updates it internally in real time, ensuring complete synchronization between usage data and control logic. This improvement eliminates manual data entry and secondary transmission, effectively avoiding the risks of delays, errors, and data loss.

[0048] Regarding the processing of recharge information, the DCS synchronizes information with the financial or marketing systems. When the network is functioning normally, the remaining amount can be updated in real time. In the event of a network outage or offline status, a local backup accounting module maintains an offline balance, which decreases based on cumulative usage. The switching logic between online and offline balances is managed by a security mechanism within the DCS, ensuring the continuity and integrity of balance data. Compared to traditional methods, user recharge data and cumulative usage data are dynamically linked within the same system. Even if the network is interrupted, it will not cause data interruption or incorrect accounting, ensuring the continuity and stability of real-time billing.

[0049] Regarding ledger and security authentication, the cumulative usage and remaining amount are constructed in a time-series manner, with timestamps recorded in each time slice to ensure data order and integrity. Ledger data is signed with a private key within a trusted execution environment on-site, either by the flow meter or the RTU, generating tokens. These tokens contain core parameters such as hash chain values, timestamps, cumulative usage, and offline balances, ensuring data immutability and forgery resistance. The DCS system receives and caches these tokens, ensuring that subsequent watermark generation, token verification, and duty cycle calculations are all based on authenticated data. In this way, the billing logic not only enhances security but also provides reliable traceability for dispute resolution and reconciliation.

[0050] S2: Call the remaining amount to perform amplitude mapping, combine the phase derived from the token to generate a physical watermark signal, and superimpose the physical watermark signal into the valve control command.

[0051] First, the DCS system obtains the current user's valid remaining balance R. eff (t). When the system is online, the R eff R(t) represents the online balance; when the system is offline or the network is unstable, the offline balance R is maintained by the local accounting module. loc (t), and this balance is processed as a valid balance. Based on the valid balance, the DCS system performs nonlinear amplitude mapping to generate the amplitude of the watermark signal. This amplitude is not only related to the balance size, but also considers the balance consumption rate, thereby suppressing sudden abnormal consumption. The mapping relationship is as follows:

[0052]

[0053] Where A(t) represents the amplitude of the watermark signal generated at time t; α represents the adjustment coefficient for the balance amplitude mapping; R eff (t) represents the effective remaining amount at time t; R max β represents the set maximum balance benchmark value; β represents the adjustment coefficient for the balance consumption rate; σ(t) represents the rate of change of the balance at time t, i.e.

[0054] This mapping allows the amplitude to decrease rapidly when the balance is nearing depletion or the consumption rate increases abnormally, forming a detectable risk characteristic.

[0055] Simultaneously, the phase of the watermark signal is derived from the token(t) output by the trusted execution environment. The phase not only depends on the pseudo-random value generated by the token but is also further coupled to the user's balance, thus binding the watermark signal to both token randomness and credit limit. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] Wherein, PRF(·) is a pseudo-random function that takes token data as input and outputs a random phase base; γ is the balance phase adjustment coefficient; φ(t) represents the phase of the watermark signal generated at time t; and Token(t) represents the token output by the trusted execution environment at time t.

[0058] This design ensures that even if an attacker can intercept part of the watermark waveform, they will not be able to forge the correct phase pattern without a real balance and token.

[0059] Finally, based on the amplitude A(t) and phase φ(t), a physical watermark signal is generated at a specified frequency f0:

[0060] w(t)=A(t)·sin(2πf0t+φ(t))

[0061] Where w(t) represents the physical watermark signal generated at time t; f0 represents the set watermark frequency.

[0062] The physical watermark signal is injected into the valve target opening command in a micro-amplitude superimposed manner. Since the watermark amplitude is much smaller than the valve control range (typically less than 3% of the control range), it will not affect process operation, but it provides verifiable physical characteristics for subsequent multi-point demodulation. Through this design, the watermark signal simultaneously carries balance information and token authentication, realizing the integrated binding of economic credit and physical control, providing a foundation for subsequent consistency verification and intelligent charging control.

[0063] In the process of generating the physical watermark signal, in addition to setting the watermark amplitude based on the user's remaining balance and combining it with the token-derived phase, the short-term challenge information contained in the token by the trusted execution environment is further utilized. This challenge information is mapped into a phase transition sequence, and the phase transition sequence is modulated into the physical watermark signal. This allows the physical watermark signal to carry balance information and token authentication features while also possessing verifiable challenge response characteristics, thereby enhancing anti-counterfeiting capabilities.

[0064] Traditional steam supply control methods typically rely on simple logical judgments based on cumulative usage and valve opening, failing to directly embed user payment status into the control signals. S2, by accessing the updated remaining balance from the user's recharge information, maps the balance data to a watermark amplitude, achieving real-time binding between payment status and physical signals. The watermark amplitude dynamically adjusts as the balance changes, ensuring the control signals always reflect the latest credit status. In this way, billing and steam supply control are no longer independent processes but are deeply coupled through amplitude mapping, avoiding billing and control deviations caused by data asynchrony.

[0065] A single amplitude mapping is easily bypassed by bypassing or analog signals, lacking authenticity assurance. S2 derives phase information from a token generated by a trusted execution environment and modulates the phase onto a physical watermark signal, making control commands unique and unpredictable. Simultaneously, the short-term challenge information contained in the token is mapped as a phase transition sequence and modulated into the watermark signal, forming a verifiable challenge-response mechanism. During subsequent demodulation, monitoring points can directly compare the phase trajectory with the challenge sequence to ensure that the control signal carries both payment information and security authentication capabilities.

[0066] When superimposing the physical watermark signal onto the valve control command, S2 simultaneously sets amplitude limits and safety boundary constraints to ensure that the watermark signal does not interfere with the process safety of the steam supply process. While maintaining normal execution functionality, the control command embeds payment and authentication information, making every control operation in the steam supply network verifiable and traceable. Compared to traditional methods, watermark injection neither adds extra hardware burden nor compromises the real-time performance of control commands, while providing additional anti-counterfeiting and security guarantees. This watermark embedding method under security constraints lays a solid data foundation for subsequent multi-point verification and duty cycle control.

[0067] S3: Collect response signals after valve execution at multiple monitoring points, compare the propagation delay distribution of the response signals with the preset topological delay characteristics, perform echo matching on the phase transition sequence of the watermark signal, and form a control quantity by combining the token validity.

[0068] After the valve executes control, the DCS system collects response signals y at multiple monitoring points in the steam supply network. j (t), where j = 1, ..., n, is used to reflect the propagation characteristics of the injected watermark in the pipeline topology.

[0069] Using the expected propagation delay distribution {τ} obtained during the system calibration phase i,j}, where τ i,j This represents the theoretical propagation delay from the injection point to the j-th monitoring point. For each window starting point t... k The system records the measured response time of each monitoring point. Construct the measured time delay vector The delay consistency index is obtained by calculating the residual between the measured delay vector and the expected delay distribution:

[0070]

[0071] Among them, D k This represents the latency consistency index calculated within the k-th time window; ||·|| represents the norm operator, used to calculate the overall degree of difference between vectors; τ represents the measured propagation delay vector of multiple monitoring points within the k-th time window; expected This represents the topology delay distribution vector preset during the calibration phase.

[0072] When D k When the delay is less than the set threshold δ, the delay characteristics are considered to be consistent with the pipeline topology.

[0073] Meanwhile, the physical watermark signal superimposed within the window not only contains a sine wave component derived from the balance amplitude and token phase, but is also modulated by a short-term challenge sequence generated by the trusted execution environment. This transition sequence consists of a set of phase transitions {Δφ}. i The signature is entered into the token. The monitoring point demodulates the response signal to obtain the phase trajectory. The sequence is then matched with the challenge sequence using echo detection. If the matching degree is greater than a preset threshold ρ, the phase challenge is considered passed.

[0074] After obtaining the latency consistency index and phase challenge matching degree, the DCS system performs signature verification and time freshness check on the token. If the signature verification passes and the token is valid within the specified time window ΔT, the token is deemed valid and denoted as G. k =1, otherwise G k =0. Ultimately, the system unifies the above three types of verification results into a single unique control variable:

[0075]

[0076] Among them, S k S represents the unique control quantity generated within the k-th time window; the function F(·) represents the gating fusion function, which is applied only when the time delay is consistent, the phase echo is matched, and the token is valid. k It is close to 1; if any condition is not met, then S k Dropped to near 0; G represents the measured phase trajectory obtained by demodulation at time t; k G represents the token validity parameter within the k-th time window, where G is valid when the token has been verified and has not expired. k =1, otherwise 0.

[0077] The control quantity Sk The pulse control is directly mapped to the duty cycle within the DCS and used to drive the valve, thereby enabling real-time billing and safety management of the steam supply process.

[0078] Existing steam supply charging systems typically rely on single-point flow data, making it difficult to verify the consistency between valve execution and the actual response in the pipeline network, thus making them susceptible to bypass or falsification. S3 addresses this by collecting response signals from multiple monitoring points in the pipeline network after valve execution and using the expected propagation delay distribution obtained during the calibration phase as a reference. It compares the measured delay vector with the preset topology delay characteristics to generate a delay consistency index. Only when the measured distribution matches the preset distribution can the valve operation be confirmed to have truly propagated within the pipeline network. This design effectively solves the problem of difficulty in verifying signal authenticity in traditional systems, ensuring a strong binding between control signals and the physical topology.

[0079] Single amplitude detection is susceptible to noise or bypass interference, making reliable authentication difficult. S3 introduces a short challenge sequence generated by a trusted execution environment into the watermark signal. Phase transition information is signed and written into the token, and then superimposed on the balance amplitude and token phase into the control command. After demodulating the response signal, the monitoring point obtains the phase trajectory and performs echo matching with the challenge sequence. Only when the matching degree exceeds a threshold is it considered valid. In this way, the control signal possesses verifiable challenge-response characteristics, ensuring that even if an attacker can replicate the amplitude characteristics, it is difficult to maintain consistency on the phase trajectory, thereby improving security capabilities.

[0080] After completing the delay consistency determination and phase echo matching, the DCS system performs signature and time validity checks on the token to ensure that the ledger state is controlled in both time and identity dimensions. Finally, the system unifies the delay consistency result, phase matching result, and token validity into a single control quantity, which serves as the sole entry point for valve control. Through this fusion mechanism, control commands must simultaneously meet the requirements of topology verification, phase challenge, and token verification; failure in any one of these steps will lead to a reduction or even cessation of the control quantity. Unlike traditional distributed verification, this compressed fusion not only reduces system complexity but also achieves a real-time closed loop for payment, authentication, and control, providing a secure and reliable input for subsequent duty cycle mapping and pulse control.

[0081] S4: Based on the control quantity mapping, the duty cycle is obtained, the valve target opening signal is generated, and the valve is driven to perform pulse control to realize real-time intelligent charging of industrial steam supply.

[0082] In step S3, the system has integrated the latency consistency index, phase challenge matching degree, and token validity to generate a unique control quantity S. kIts value ranges from [0, 1]. Step S4's task is to convert this control quantity into a target opening signal acceptable to the valve actuator and drive the valve in a pulse manner, achieving real-time binding between the steam supply process and the user's credit status. First, the control quantity S... k Mapped to duty cycle d k Duty cycle represents the period of time T during a control cycle. p In this example, the internal valve remains open for the following duration. The calculation method is as follows:

[0083] d k =clip(β·S) k ,0,1)

[0084] Where, d k represents the duty cycle in the k-th control cycle, i.e., the ratio of valve opening time to the total cycle time; clip(·) represents the limiting function; β represents the proportional gain, used to adjust the mapping relationship between the control quantity and the duty cycle; S k This represents the unique control variable generated within the k-th time window, with a value range of [0, 1].

[0085] When S k When the duty cycle approaches 1, it approaches its maximum value, and the steam supply remains at a normal level; when S k When the duty cycle is 0, the valve closes, thus stopping the power supply.

[0086] Subsequently, the system generates the target valve opening signal based on the duty cycle. The minimum safe valve opening is set to u. min The maximum allowable opening is u max The magnitude of the target opening over one period is given by the following formula:

[0087] u k =u min +d k ·(u max -u min )

[0088] Among them, u k This represents the target valve opening signal generated during the k-th control cycle; u min Indicates the minimum safe opening degree of the valve; u max This indicates the maximum permissible opening degree of the valve.

[0089] This formula ensures that even if the control input is reduced, the valve opening will not fall below the safe minimum, while smoothly adjusting within the safe upper limit. In terms of timing execution, the DCS uses pulse width modulation to drive the valve, that is, in each cycle T... p Inside, the valve opening time is T. on,k =d k ·T pThe valve closure time is T. off,k =T p -T on,k The opening and closing times must both meet the minimum operating time constraints of the valve actuator to avoid damage to the equipment caused by frequent start-stop cycles.

[0090] Among them, T on,k T represents the length of time the valve remains open during the k-th period; p T represents the length of a complete control cycle; off,k This indicates the length of time the valve remains closed during the k-th cycle.

[0091] To ensure operational stability, the system sets a limit on the rate of change of the duty cycle; that is, the difference in duty cycle between adjacent cycles must not exceed a set threshold, thereby preventing the valve from "suddenly opening and closing." Furthermore, when S... k continuously below the set threshold S th When S... k When the duty cycle is 0, the supply stop logic is immediately triggered. Throughout the process, the DCS will adjust the duty cycle d for each cycle. k Target opening degree u k Valve execution feedback and corresponding control quantity S k This information is recorded in the ledger and its continuity is maintained through a hash chain mechanism. This data can be used for subsequent reconciliation and dispute resolution, ensuring the transparency and traceability of the billing process.

[0092] Traditional steam supply control typically uses simple valve opening adjustment, which cannot establish a direct link with real-time billing status. S4 maps a unique control variable to a duty cycle, ensuring a close correlation between the valve's opening and closing durations within a control cycle and the verification results. The introduction of the duty cycle establishes a real-time binding relationship between credit status and valve action, avoiding the problem of disconnect between control and billing logic. This approach ensures consistency between the valve's physical execution and the results of account balance and security authentication, achieving direct quantitative constraints on steam supply.

[0093] After obtaining the duty cycle, the system converts it into a target valve opening signal and drives the valve to open and close proportionally within the cycle using pulse width modulation (PWM). Compared to continuous opening regulation, pulse control offers higher execution stability and verifiability, while also facilitating the recording of precise action durations in a ledger. The target opening setting also incorporates minimum safe opening and maximum permissible opening boundaries to ensure that the valve does not affect pipeline stability due to excessive opening or closing. This pulse method improves control traceability and execution accuracy while ensuring process safety.

[0094] When the controlled quantity continuously falls below the threshold, the valve enters a flow-limiting mode, maintaining only the minimum steam supply demand; when the controlled quantity drops to zero, a supply shutdown is immediately triggered. This tiered protection mechanism maintains a secure energy supply while preventing malicious steam usage or illegal operations from impacting the system. During execution, the system records the duty cycle, valve target opening signal, and feedback information along with the controlled quantity in the ledger, providing a complete data chain for reconciliation and dispute resolution. Unlike traditional centralized accounting, this design achieves synchronization between the execution and accounting layers, improving both billing transparency and traceability.

[0095] This embodiment also provides an intelligent charging control system for industrial steam supply based on DCS, including:

[0096] The data acquisition module is used to collect flow data through flow meters in the steam supply pipeline network and input it into the DCS system.

[0097] The ledger generation module is used to calculate the cumulative usage in the DCS system, update the remaining amount, and concatenate the cumulative usage, remaining amount, and timestamp with the hash value of the previous moment to generate a hash chain, and output the token by the trusted execution environment.

[0098] The watermark generation module is used to set the watermark amplitude based on the remaining amount, combine it with the token-derived phase to generate a physical watermark signal, and then superimpose the physical watermark signal onto the valve control command.

[0099] The multi-point verification module is used to collect the response signal after the valve is executed at multiple monitoring points, compare the propagation delay of the response signal with the preset topology delay characteristics, perform echo matching on the phase jump sequence, and form a control quantity by combining the token validity.

[0100] The duty cycle control module is used to obtain the duty cycle based on the control quantity mapping, generate the target valve opening signal, and drive the valve to perform steam supply control in a pulse manner, so as to realize real-time intelligent billing of industrial steam supply.

[0101] Reference Figure 1 As an embodiment of the present invention, an intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply based on DCS is provided. In order to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention, a simulation experiment is conducted for scientific demonstration.

[0102] In the steam supply network of a chemical plant, one main pipeline and three branch pipelines were selected as experimental subjects. Before the experiment, electromagnetic flowmeters were installed on each branch pipeline and the main pipeline. Each flowmeter had a 485 communication interface and transmitted data in real time to the DCS system via a 485→COMII channel. The DCS system was set to a sampling period of 1 second and used an integral algorithm to accumulate instantaneous flow rates to generate usage data. Recharge information was transmitted from the enterprise's marketing system to the DCS system via the local area network. In the event of a network interruption, the backup accounting module automatically maintained the local offline balance and decremented it according to the accumulated usage, achieving automatic switching between online and offline balances.

[0103] Within the DCS system, cumulative usage, remaining balance, and timestamp are cascaded to generate a hash chain. The hash result is signed by a trusted execution environment (TEU) installed in the field RTU, outputting a token. The token contains the cumulative usage, remaining balance, timestamp, and hash chain value, and carries a digital signature to ensure the data is tamper-proof. Subsequently, the DCS uses the remaining balance for amplitude mapping and combines it with random phase information derived from the token to generate a physical watermark signal. To further enhance security, the TEU embeds short-term challenge information into the token; this information is mapped as a phase transition sequence and modulated into the physical watermark signal. Finally, the physical watermark signal is superimposed on and injected into the valve control command, forming a watermarked execution command within the process-permissible range.

[0104] After the valve action is executed, three monitoring points deployed at different locations synchronously collect response signals. The system compares the collected propagation delay distribution with the preset topological characteristics of the calibration phase. If the residual is less than the tolerance threshold, the delay consistency result is considered passed. Simultaneously, the monitoring points demodulate the phase trajectory and perform echo matching with the phase transition sequence. When the matching degree exceeds a set threshold, the phase challenge is confirmed as valid. After verifying the token's validity, the DCS system combines the delay consistency result, phase matching result, and token validity to form a control quantity. Finally, the control quantity is mapped to a duty cycle, generating the valve target opening signal, and driving the valve using pulse width modulation. When the control quantity is insufficient, the valve enters flow-limiting operation; when the control quantity is zero, the valve stops supplying power. The entire experimental process achieves a closed-loop operation of "acquisition—authentication—execution—accounting".

[0105] The experiment was conducted under different recharge amounts and gas usage scenarios, and some key results are recorded below:

[0106] When the recharge amount is 500.00 yuan, after the cumulative usage reaches 2.35 tons, the remaining balance is updated to 470.50 yuan, the hash chain is continuously generated, and the token signature verification is successful. At this time, the valve duty cycle is 0.85, the average valve opening signal is 72.40%, the propagation delay deviation of the monitoring point is ±0.03 seconds, and the phase echo matching degree is 96.20%.

[0107] When the recharge amount is 200.00 yuan, after the cumulative usage is 4.80 tons, the balance is updated to 110.40 yuan, the token verification still passes, the duty cycle is reduced to 0.62, the average valve opening is 54.10%, the propagation delay deviation is ±0.04 seconds, and the phase matching degree is 93.50%.

[0108] When the balance is below 20.00 yuan, the system automatically enters the current limiting mode, the duty cycle drops to 0.28, the average valve opening is 23.70%, the propagation delay deviation is ±0.06 seconds, and the phase matching degree is maintained at 90.40%.

[0109] When the balance is 0.00 yuan, the control quantity is determined to be zero, the duty cycle is directly reduced to 0, the valve is closed, the supply stop logic is triggered, and the data record is completely written into the ledger.

[0110] Experimental data shows that, using this method, the recharge amount and cumulative usage are synchronized in real time within the DCS system. The decrease in balance strictly corresponds to the increase in usage, with no delays or errors, ensuring the continuity of the expense ledger. Compared to traditional independent billing systems, data is directly generated into a hash chain within the DCS and signed by a trusted execution environment, avoiding the possibility of human intervention and tampering, thus significantly improving security.

[0111] The comparison results of propagation delay show that the multi-monitoring point data collection is in good consistency with the preset topology features, with the deviation controlled within ±0.06 seconds, effectively identifying illegal bypassing or signal spoofing. The phase echo matching degree remains above 90%, proving that the phase challenge mechanism can maintain stable and reliable authentication performance under different steam usage scenarios. Compared with existing methods relying on a single flow meter, this experiment not only verifies the actual propagation characteristics in the pipeline network but also introduces verifiable authentication elements at the physical signal level, enabling the system to resist spoofing and attacks.

[0112] In valve control, after the control quantity is mapped to the duty cycle, the valve opening signal is closely related to the user's credit status. When the balance is sufficient, the valve duty cycle remains at a high level to ensure normal steam supply; when the balance is insufficient, the duty cycle gradually decreases, entering flow-limiting operation to ensure system safety; when the balance is zero, the supply stop action is triggered to prevent unauthorized steam use. Compared with the traditional "manual valve closure when balance is insufficient" mode, this experiment achieves automated hierarchical protection, significantly shortening the response time and improving the real-time performance and fairness of the steam supply process.

[0113] In summary, experimental data demonstrates that this method significantly outperforms existing technologies in terms of synchronization, security, and real-time performance. By introducing a hash chain ledger and physical watermark signals into the DCS system, a closed-loop process for data acquisition, authentication, control, and billing is achieved. The experimental results not only verify the feasibility of the technology but also demonstrate its practical value and application prospects in industrial energy management.

[0114] This embodiment also provides a computer device applicable to the industrial steam supply intelligent toll control method based on DCS, including: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to implement the industrial steam supply intelligent toll control method based on DCS as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0115] The computer device can be a terminal, comprising a processor, memory, communication interface, display screen, and input devices connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, carrier networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input devices can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device's casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0116] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing a computer program. When executed by a processor, the program implements the intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply based on DCS as proposed in the above embodiment. The storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM), Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), Programmable Red-Only Memory (PROM), Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0117] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent charging control of industrial steam supply based on DCS, characterized in that, include: Flow data is collected by flow meters in the steam supply pipeline network and input into the DCS system. The cumulative usage is calculated in the DCS system, and the remaining amount is updated based on the user's recharge information. A hash chain is generated using the cumulative usage and the remaining amount, and a token is output by the trusted execution environment. The remaining amount is used for amplitude mapping, and a physical watermark signal is generated by combining the phase derived from the token. The physical watermark signal is then superimposed and injected into the valve control command. Based on the short-term challenge information provided by the trusted execution environment, the phase transition sequence is modulated onto the physical watermark signal. The response signals after valve execution are collected at multiple monitoring points. The propagation delay distribution of the response signals is compared with the preset topological delay characteristics. Echo matching is performed on the phase jump sequence of the watermark signal, and the control quantity is formed by combining the token validity. Based on the control quantity mapping, the duty cycle is obtained, a valve target opening signal is generated, and the valve is driven to perform pulse control to realize real-time intelligent charging for industrial steam supply.

2. The intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply based on DCS as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The generation of the hash chain includes concatenating the cumulative usage, remaining amount, and timestamp with the hash value of the previous moment, and generating a new hash value through hash operation to form a continuous ledger; The hash value is then signed by a trusted execution environment based on the cumulative usage and the remaining amount, and a token containing the cumulative usage, the remaining amount, and a timestamp is output.

3. The intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply based on DCS as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The generation of the physical watermark signal includes setting a corresponding watermark amplitude based on the user's remaining balance, wherein the watermark amplitude is dynamically adjusted according to a preset functional relationship as the remaining balance changes. A random phase is derived using the token information output by the trusted execution environment, and the watermark amplitude is combined with the random phase to generate a narrowband sine wave signal as a physical watermark signal. The physical watermark signal is superimposed onto the valve control command, and after superposition, amplitude limits and safety boundary constraints are applied to the valve control command so that the valve control command carries the physical watermark signal within the process allowable range.

4. The intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply based on DCS as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The propagation delay of the response signal is compared with the preset topology delay characteristics obtained in the calibration stage to obtain the deviation between the measured propagation delay and the expected propagation delay; a delay consistency result is generated based on whether the deviation is within the preset tolerance range.

5. The intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply based on DCS as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The echo matching includes the trusted execution environment including short-term challenge information when generating tokens, mapping the short-term challenge information into a phase transition sequence and modulating it into the physical watermark signal; Multiple monitoring points perform phase demodulation on the response signal to obtain the echo phase trajectory, and match the echo phase trajectory with the phase transition sequence to generate a phase matching result.

6. The intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply based on DCS as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The control quantity is formed by combining the delay consistency result, the phase matching result, and the token validity, and is determined according to the preset gating rules; The valve operates at its normal duty cycle only when the delay consistency result is passed, the phase matching result is passed, and the token validity is valid; when any of the determinations fails, the valve enters a graded protection mode, which includes current limiting operation, minimum survival duty cycle, and power outage.

7. The intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply based on DCS as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The pulse control of the driving valve includes mapping the control quantity to a duty cycle, generating a target valve opening signal based on the duty cycle, and converting the target valve opening signal into a pulse width modulation command to control the valve to alternate between opening and closing durations within the control cycle. When the control quantity is below the set threshold, the valve performs flow-limiting operation to maintain the minimum steam supply demand; when the control quantity is zero, the valve performs a supply shutdown action. The duty cycle refers to the proportion of time the valve remains open within a control cycle.

8. A DCS-based intelligent charging control system for industrial steam supply, based on the DCS-based intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The data acquisition module is used to collect flow data through flow meters in the steam supply pipeline network and input it into the DCS system; The ledger generation module is used to calculate the cumulative usage in the DCS system, update the remaining amount, and concatenate the cumulative usage, remaining amount, and timestamp with the hash value of the previous moment to generate a hash chain, and output the token by the trusted execution environment. The watermark generation module is used to set the watermark amplitude based on the remaining amount, combine the token-derived phase to generate a physical watermark signal, and superimpose the physical watermark signal onto the valve control command. The multi-point verification module is used to collect the response signal after the valve is executed at multiple monitoring points, compare the propagation delay of the response signal with the preset topological delay characteristics, perform echo matching on the phase jump sequence, and form a control quantity by combining the token validity. The duty cycle control module is used to obtain the duty cycle based on the control quantity mapping, generate the target valve opening signal, and drive the valve to perform steam supply control in a pulse manner, so as to realize real-time intelligent billing of industrial steam supply.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the DCS-based intelligent toll control method for industrial steam supply as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the DCS-based intelligent charging control method for industrial steam supply as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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