Lower limb length measuring and positioning assistor in horizontal position direct anterior approach hip joint replacement and measuring method

Abstract

The invention provides a lower limb length measuring and positioning assistor in horizontal position direct anterior approach hip joint replacement and a measuring method.The lower limb length measuring and positioning assistor comprises a first main body structure, a second main body structure, a first longitudinal connecting rod, a second longitudinal connecting rod and a transverse rod; the first groove structure is connected with a first extension rod, and the first extension rod is connected with one end of the cross rod through a first longitudinal connecting rod; the second main body structure comprises a second groove structure and a second extension rod, the second groove structure is connected with the second extension rod, and the second extension rod is connected with the other end of the cross rod through a second longitudinal connecting rod; the first extension rod and the second extension rod are parallel to the cross rod, the first groove structure is clamped at the anterior superior spine of one side of a patient, and the second groove structure is clamped at the anterior superior spine of the other side of the patient. The anterior superior spine bony marker can be accurately positioned, the angle consistency of the two lower limbs is ensured, the length measurement accuracy of the two lower limbs is ensured, and the length consistency of the two lower limbs after operation is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a lower limb length measurement and positioning aid and measurement method in supine direct anterior approach hip replacement surgery. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the main approaches for hip replacement surgery are the anterolateral and posterolateral approaches. The anterolateral approach uses a 45° semi-lateral decubitus position during surgery, while the posterolateral approach uses a lateral decubitus position. In both approaches, it is impossible to measure and compare the lengths of both lower limbs intraoperatively. The direct anterior approach to hip replacement is a minimally invasive approach that has emerged in recent years. Because it allows for a supine position during surgery, it makes it possible to measure and compare the lengths of both lower limbs intraoperatively. Equal lengths of both lower limbs are crucial for patients. Inconsistent lengths can cause pelvic tilt, which in turn alters the normal physiological curvature of the spine and the force lines of the lower limbs. Most hip replacement patients are over 50 years old, and their spine and knee and ankle joints already undergo degeneration. These alterations to the normal physiological curvature of the spine and the force lines of the lower limbs further exacerbate this degeneration. Although the supine position makes intraoperative measurement and comparison of lower limb length possible, inaccurate measurements often occur due to inaccurate positioning of bony landmarks and inconsistent lower limb angles. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a lower limb length measurement and positioning aid and measurement method for direct anterior approach hip arthroplasty in the supine position. The technical means employed in this invention are as follows: A lower limb length measurement and positioning aid in supine direct anterior approach hip arthroplasty includes: a first main structure, a second main structure, a first longitudinal connecting rod, a second longitudinal connecting rod, and a crossbar. The first main structure includes a first groove structure and a first extension rod. The first groove structure is connected to one end of the first extension rod, the other end of the first extension rod is connected to one end of the first longitudinal connecting rod, and the other end of the first longitudinal connecting rod is connected to one end of the crossbar. The second main structure includes a second groove structure and a second extension rod. The second groove structure is connected to one end of the second extension rod, the other end of the second extension rod is connected to one end of the second longitudinal connecting rod, and the other end of the second longitudinal connecting rod is connected to the other end of the crossbar. Both the first extension rod and the second extension rod are parallel to the crossbar. The first groove structure and the second groove structure are positioned opposite each other. The first groove structure is used to lock onto the anterior superior iliac spine on one side of the patient, and the second groove structure is used to lock onto the anterior superior iliac spine on the other side of the patient.

[0004] Furthermore, the first extension rod is perpendicular to the first longitudinal connecting rod, and the first longitudinal connecting rod is perpendicular to the crossbar.

[0005] Furthermore, both ends of the first longitudinal connecting rod are provided with clamps, and both ends of the first longitudinal connecting rod are fixedly connected to the first extension rod and the crossbar respectively through clamps.

[0006] Furthermore, the opening directions of the clamps at both ends of the first longitudinal connecting rod are consistent.

[0007] Furthermore, the second extension rod is perpendicular to the second longitudinal connecting rod, and the second longitudinal connecting rod is perpendicular to the crossbar.

[0008] Furthermore, both ends of the second longitudinal connecting rod are provided with clamps, and both ends of the second longitudinal connecting rod are fixedly connected to the second extension rod and the crossbar respectively through clamps.

[0009] Furthermore, the opening directions of the clamps at both ends of the second longitudinal connecting rod are consistent.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a metal boot for abutting against the heel bone, the metal boot having a semi-circular diameter of 10cm, a height of 5cm, and a depth of 15cm.

[0011] This invention also provides a method for measuring and positioning an auxiliary device for lower limb length measurement during supine direct anterior approach hip arthroplasty, comprising the following steps: First, the first and second groove structures are clamped onto the bilateral anterior superior iliac spines. Then, each longitudinal connecting rod is connected to the transverse rod and the corresponding extension rod via clamps. The opening directions of the two clamps connected to the two extension rods are consistent, as are the opening directions of the two clamps connected to the two ends of the transverse rod. Next, the length of both lower limbs is measured. When measuring the length of one lower limb, the lower end of the measuring line is fixed to the tip of the lateral malleolus. The measuring line extends upward, closely adhering to the longitudinal connecting rod on that side and in the same direction as the longitudinal connecting rod. The longitudinal connecting rod is perpendicular to the transverse rod, thus ensuring that the lower limb is clearly in a neutral position, without adduction or abduction, and with consistent angles. The measuring line is clamped tightly against the upper edge of the extension rod with hemostatic forceps. The length of the other lower limb is measured in the same way, and then compared. Based on the difference in length between the two lower limbs, a femoral head prosthesis with a suitable neck length is selected. Before measuring the length of both lower limbs, a trial mold of the femoral head with the shortest neck length is used. Metal boots can also be made, with the metal boot sole pressed against the bottom of the calcaneus. The distance between the vertical line connecting the upper or lower edge of the metal boot and the transverse bar of the proximal anterior superior iliac spine can be measured to accurately measure and compare the length of both lower limbs.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The lower limb length measurement and positioning aid and measurement method provided by the present invention in supine direct anterior approach hip arthroplasty can be applied in supine direct anterior approach hip arthroplasty to help locate the bony landmark of the anterior superior iliac spine when measuring the length of both lower limbs, and can also help determine the angle of both lower limbs to ensure that the angle of both lower limbs is consistent, so as to make the length measurement of both lower limbs more accurate and ensure that the length of both lower limbs is consistent after hip arthroplasty.

[0013] 2. The present invention provides a lower limb length measurement and positioning aid and measurement method for direct anterior approach hip replacement surgery in supine position. When measuring the length of both lower limbs, the measuring line and the longitudinal connecting rod are consistent, so that both lower limbs are clearly in a neutral position, without adduction or abduction, and with consistent angles.

[0014] Based on the above reasons, this invention can be widely applied in fields such as medicine. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a physical illustration of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the external morphology of the bony landmark of the anterior superior iliac spine.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the groove structure and extension rod 3D printed according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of one side of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the other side of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the measurement of the left lower limb length according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the measurement of the right lower limb length according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal boot of the present invention.

[0025] In the figure: 1. First groove structure; 2. First extension rod; 3. First longitudinal connecting rod; 4. Second groove structure; 5. Second extension rod; 6. Second longitudinal connecting rod; 7. Crossbar; 8. Clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0026] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0029] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0031] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0032] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0033] Routine measurement of lower limb length involves measuring the distance between the anterior superior iliac spine and the bony landmark at the tip of the medial malleolus. The anterior superior iliac spine is located by the surgeon's palpation. Since the vast majority of hip replacement patients are over 50 years old, and the anterior superior iliac spine is located on the lower abdomen where skin and soft tissue are loose, and some patients are obese, especially with abdominal obesity, location is difficult and the spine is prone to shifting during measurement. Furthermore, due to aseptic requirements during surgery, except for a certain area around the surgical incision, it is difficult to ensure that the adduction and abduction angles of both lower limbs are consistent during the operation. The bony landmark at the tip of the medial malleolus is not prominent, and since the medial malleolus is also covered with aseptic drapes during surgery, it is difficult to accurately determine the position of the medial malleolus tip. These three problems seriously affect the accuracy of lower limb length measurement.

[0034] To address this issue, the present invention provides a lower limb length measurement and positioning aid for supine direct anterior approach hip arthroplasty. This aid can be applied in supine direct anterior approach hip arthroplasty to ensure more accurate measurement of both lower limb lengths, guaranteeing consistent lower limb lengths post-operatively. This invention solves the problems of inaccurate bony landmark positioning and inconsistent adduction and abduction angles of the two lower limbs, which lead to inaccurate lower limb length measurements during supine direct anterior approach hip arthroplasty.

[0035] This invention discloses a lower limb length measurement and positioning aid for direct anterior approach hip arthroplasty in a supine position, comprising: a first main structure, a second main structure, a first longitudinal connecting rod 3, a second longitudinal connecting rod 6, and a crossbar 7. The first main structure includes a first groove structure 1 and a first extension rod 2. The first groove structure 1 is connected to one end of the first extension rod 2, and the other end of the first extension rod 2 is connected to one end of the first longitudinal connecting rod 3. The other end of the first longitudinal connecting rod 3 is connected to one end of the crossbar 7. The second main structure includes a second groove structure 4 and a second extension rod 5. The second groove structure 4 is connected to one end of the second extension rod 5, and the other end of the second extension rod 5 is connected to one end of the second longitudinal connecting rod 6. The other end of the second longitudinal connecting rod 6 is connected to the other end of the crossbar 7. Both the first extension rod 2 and the second extension rod 5 are parallel to the crossbar 7. The first groove structure 1 and the second groove structure 4 are positioned opposite each other. The first groove structure 1 is used to engage with the anterior superior iliac spine on one side of the patient, and the second groove structure 4 is used to engage with the anterior superior iliac spine on the other side of the patient.

[0036] Preferably, the first extension rod 2 is perpendicular to the first longitudinal connecting rod 3, and the first longitudinal connecting rod 3 is perpendicular to the crossbar 7.

[0037] Preferably, both ends of the first longitudinal connecting rod 3 are provided with clamps 8, and both ends of the first longitudinal connecting rod 3 are fixedly connected to the first extension rod 2 and the crossbar 7 respectively through clamps 8.

[0038] Preferably, the opening directions of the clamps 8 at both ends of the first longitudinal connecting rod 3 are the same.

[0039] Preferably, the second extension rod 5 is perpendicular to the second longitudinal connecting rod 6, and the second longitudinal connecting rod 6 is perpendicular to the crossbar 7.

[0040] Preferably, both ends of the second longitudinal connecting rod 6 are provided with clamps 8, and both ends of the second longitudinal connecting rod 6 are fixedly connected to the second extension rod 5 and the crossbar 7 respectively through clamps 8.

[0041] Preferably, the opening directions of the clamps 8 at both ends of the second longitudinal connecting rod 6 are the same.

[0042] 1. According to Figure 3 The external morphology of the bony landmark of the anterior superior iliac spine shown is used to 3D print the corresponding groove structure (e.g. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the groove structure is appropriately enlarged to accommodate the soft tissue on the surface of the anterior superior iliac spine, and the groove structure on both sides is locked at the anterior superior iliac spine on both sides of the patient, which is accurately positioned and will not move.

[0043] 2. For example Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, after the two groove structures define the bilateral anterior superior iliac spines, a horizontal bar is connected via a vertical connecting rod (longitudinal connecting rod) to form the lower limb length measurement and positioning aid of this invention, as shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown. When measuring the length of both lower limbs, the measuring line and the vertical connecting rod are aligned, so that both lower limbs are clearly in a neutral position, with neither adduction nor abduction, and the angles are consistent.

[0044] 3. The lateral malleolus is prominent and easy to locate. It can be used as a distal locator point instead of the medial malleolus. Another method is to use the heel as a distal locator point, which is more accurate, but inconvenient to measure. A metal boot can be made, with the sole of the boot against the bottom of the calcaneus. The distance between the upper or lower edge of the metal boot and the vertical line connecting the proximal anterior superior iliac spine can be measured to accurately measure and compare the lengths of both lower limbs.

[0045] This invention allows for accurate localization of the proximal anterior superior iliac spine bony landmark and distal localization, ensuring consistent lower limb angles and thus accurate measurement of lower limb length, guaranteeing postoperative equivalence of lower limb length. Equivalent lower limb length prevents pelvic tilt during postoperative standing and walking, preserving the normal physiological curvature of the spine and the force lines of the lower limbs. Most hip replacement patients are over 50 years old, and their spine and knee and ankle joints already undergo degeneration. Changes in the normal physiological curvature of the spine and the force lines of the lower limbs further exacerbate this degeneration. Furthermore, postoperative lower limb length discrepancies alter the force angle of the artificial hip joint, causing hip joint wobbling during walking, negatively impacting the lifespan of the artificial hip prosthesis, joint function, and postoperative dislocation rate. Therefore, ensuring equivalence of lower limb length after hip replacement surgery is of paramount importance to patients.

[0046] Use of this invention: like Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, first, use the anterior superior iliac spine groove to clamp onto both anterior superior iliac spines. Then, use the clamps at both ends of the longitudinal connecting rod to connect and fix the extension rod and crossbar of the anterior superior iliac spine groove. When connecting and fixing, pay attention to the opening direction of the clamps connecting the groove extension rod and the opening direction of the clamps connecting the crossbar. If they are not consistent, the groove extension rod and the crossbar will form an angle and will not be parallel, which will lead to inaccurate measurements later. Then, measure the length of both lower limbs. When measuring the length of one lower limb, fix the lower end of the measuring line (an electrocautery lead can be used during the operation, as shown in the figure) to the tip of the lateral malleolus (in the figure, the tail of the electrocautery is used to fix it to the tip of the medial malleolus). The measuring line extends upward and is close to the longitudinal connecting rod, and is in the same direction as the longitudinal connecting rod. The longitudinal connecting rod and the crossbar are perpendicular, so that the lower limb is clearly in a neutral position, without adduction or abduction, and with a consistent angle. Use hemostatic forceps to clamp the measuring line tightly against the upper edge of the groove extension rod. The same method is used to measure the length of the other lower limb, and then the measurements are compared. Based on the difference in length between the two lower limbs, a femoral head prosthesis with a suitable neck length is selected (a trial model of the femoral head with the shortest neck length is used before measuring the length of both lower limbs).

Claims

1. A supine direct anterior approach hip arthroplasty lower extremity length measurement positioning aid, characterized in that, It comprises: The first main structure comprises a first recess structure (1) and a first extension rod (2), the first recess structure (1) is connected with one end of the first extension rod (2), the other end of the first extension rod (2) is connected with one end of the first longitudinal connecting rod (3), and the other end of the first longitudinal connecting rod (3) is connected with one end of the cross rod (7); The second main structure comprises a second recess structure (4) and a second extension rod (5), the second recess structure (4) is connected with one end of the second extension rod (5), the other end of the second extension rod (5) is connected with one end of the second longitudinal connecting rod (6), and the other end of the second longitudinal connecting rod (6) is connected with the other end of the cross rod (7); The first extension rod (2) and the second extension rod (5) are parallel to the cross rod (7), the first recess structure (1) and the second recess structure (4) are arranged opposite to each other, the first recess structure (1) is used for clamping at the anterior superior iliac spine of one side of the patient, and the second recess structure (4) is used for clamping at the anterior superior iliac spine of the other side of the patient.

2. The supine position direct anterior hip arthroplasty lower limb length measurement positioning aid of claim 1, wherein, The first extension rod (2) is perpendicular to the first longitudinal connecting rod (3), and the first longitudinal connecting rod (3) is perpendicular to the cross rod (7).

3. The supine position direct anterior hip arthroplasty lower limb length measurement positioning aid of claim 1, wherein, The first longitudinal connecting rod (3) is provided with a clamp (8) at each end, and the first longitudinal connecting rod (3) is fixedly connected with the first extension rod (2) and the cross rod (7) through the clamps (8) at the two ends respectively.

4. The supine-to-prone position direct anterior hip arthroplasty lower extremity length measurement positioning aid of claim 3, wherein, The opening directions of the clamps (8) at the two ends of the first longitudinal connecting rod (3) are consistent.

5. The supine-to-prone position direct anterior hip arthroplasty lower extremity length measurement positioning aid of claim 1, wherein, The second extension rod (5) is perpendicular to the second longitudinal connecting rod (6), and the second longitudinal connecting rod (6) is perpendicular to the cross rod (7).

6. The supine-to-prone position direct anterior hip arthroplasty lower extremity length measurement positioning aid of claim 1, wherein, The second longitudinal connecting rod (6) is provided with a clamp (8) at each end, and the second longitudinal connecting rod (6) is fixedly connected with the second extension rod (5) and the cross rod (7) through the clamps (8) at the two ends respectively.

7. The supine-to-prone position direct anterior hip arthroplasty lower extremity length measurement positioning aid of claim 6, wherein, The opening directions of the clamps (8) at the two ends of the second longitudinal connecting rod (6) are consistent.

8. The supine-to-prone position direct anterior hip arthroplasty lower extremity length measurement positioning aid of claim 1, wherein, It further comprises a metal shoe for abutting against the calcaneus bottom, the semicircle diameter of the metal shoe is 10 cm, the height is 5 cm, and the depth is 15 cm.

9. A measuring method of the lower limb length measuring position aid for direct anterior approach hip arthroplasty in a prone position according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: Firstly, the first groove structure (1) and the second groove structure (4) are respectively clamped and pressed on the bilateral anterior superior iliac spines, then each longitudinal connecting rod is connected with the horizontal rod (7) and the corresponding extension rod through the clamps, the opening directions of the two clamps connected by the two extension rods are consistent, the opening directions of the two clamps connected at the two ends of the horizontal rod are also consistent, then the lengths of the bilateral lower limbs are measured, when the length of one side of the lower limb is measured, the lower end of the measuring line is fixed on the lateral malleolus, the measuring line is extended upward and closely attached to the longitudinal connecting rod on the same side and consistent with the direction of the longitudinal connecting rod, the longitudinal connecting rod is perpendicular to the horizontal rod (7), in this way, the lower limb is definitely in the neutral position, neither adduction nor abduction, the angle is consistent, the measuring line is clamped by the hemostatic forceps closely attached to the upper edge of the extension rod; the length of the lower limb on the other side is measured in the same way, then the lengths of the bilateral lower limbs are compared, the femoral head prosthesis with the appropriate neck length is selected according to the length difference of the bilateral lower limbs; the femoral head trial model with the shortest neck length is used before the lengths of the bilateral lower limbs are measured; The metal boots can also be made, the bottom of the metal boots is pressed against the calcaneus, the distance between the vertical line connecting the upper edge or the lower edge of the metal boots and the horizontal rod (7) of the proximal anterior superior iliac spine is measured, then the lengths of the bilateral lower limbs can be accurately measured and compared.

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