LDPC multi-level coding transmission method, apparatus and electronic equipment

Abstract

This application provides an LDPC multi-level coded transmission method, apparatus, and electronic device, introducing a multi-level coded modulation scheme to achieve inter-stream and inter-bit code rate allocation based on channel quality differences, and implementing joint iterative optimization of detection and decoding at the receiver. At the transmitter, multi-level coded modulation is performed according to a pre-constructed parameter table, which allocates code rates at the sub-stream level and between bits for single-stream or multi-stream data. High-reliability streams / bits use higher code rates, while low-reliability streams / bits use lower code rates, thus achieving fine-grained code rate allocation. At the receiver, MIMO detection, demodulation, and decoding are jointly iteratively processed according to the corresponding multi-level coded modulation structure based on the same parameter table. Joint optimization of detection and decoding performance is achieved through hard or soft information feedback mechanisms, providing a high-spectral-efficiency and high-reliability transmission scheme for future mobile communication systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of mobile communication technology, and in particular to an LDPC multilevel coding transmission method, apparatus and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Existing BICM (Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation)-LDPC (Low-Density Parity-Check) schemes use a uniform LDPC code rate to encode all data streams. This makes it impossible to adapt the code rate to the channel quality differences between different antenna pairs in MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) systems, limiting the adoption of a conservative, uniform code rate design and hindering further performance improvements. In single-stream transmission, although inter-stream code rate allocation is not possible, the reliability differences of different bits in constellation mapping still exist. BICM-LDPC cannot address these inter-bit channel differences in code rate allocation, resulting in suboptimal system performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to propose an LDPC multi-level coding transmission method, apparatus and electronic device to solve the problems of insufficient inter-stream bit rate adaptation capability and lack of multi-level coding architecture in MIMO systems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of this application provides an LDPC multi-level coded transmission method, applied at a transmitting end, comprising:

[0005] Obtain the bit sequence of the information to be transmitted and the modulation and coding scheme identifier;

[0006] Based on the modulation and coding scheme identifier, the coding parameters and modulation order are determined by querying a pre-built parameter table;

[0007] The information bit sequence is input into a splitter, and multiple source bit sequences are output through the splitter. The number of multiple source bit sequences is determined according to the modulation order and the number of antennas.

[0008] Each source bit sequence is encoded using the corresponding LDPC encoder to obtain multiple encoded bit sequences;

[0009] Each coded bit sequence is randomly permuted using an interleaver to obtain the interleaved coded bit sequence;

[0010] The interleaved coded bit sequence is modulated by a modulation symbol mapper to obtain multiple transmit symbol sequences, which are then transmitted to the receiver via a MIMO channel.

[0011] A second aspect of this application provides an LDPC multi-level coded transmission method, applied at a receiving end, comprising:

[0012] Receive a pre-built parameter table and multiple output symbol sequences transmitted through the MIMO channel;

[0013] Based on the multiple output symbol sequences, the data stream is separated by a serial interference cancellation detector, and the symbol soft information corresponding to each data stream is output.

[0014] The multi-level demodulator sequentially demodulates each symbol soft information according to the parameter table, and the demodulated symbol soft information is then de-interleaved to obtain the bit-level soft information corresponding to each component code contained in each data stream.

[0015] The bit-level soft information is decoded by the LDPC decoder to obtain the decoded bits corresponding to each component code, and the posterior probability output by the LDPC decoder is fed back to the multi-stage demodulator.

[0016] For each data stream, in response to the decoding of each component code in the data stream, the symbol soft information corresponding to the data stream is mapped to the constellation symbol corresponding to the data stream or the mean is calculated according to the prior probability, and the constellation symbol or mean is fed back to the serial interference cancellation detector;

[0017] In response to the completion of decoding of all data streams, the decoded bit sequence is output based on the decoded bits corresponding to all data streams.

[0018] Based on the same inventive concept, a third aspect of this application provides an LDPC multi-level coded transmission device, applied at a transmitting end, comprising:

[0019] The acquisition module is configured to acquire the bit sequence of the information to be transmitted and the modulation and coding scheme identifier.

[0020] The first determining module is configured to determine the coding parameters and modulation order by querying a pre-built parameter table based on the modulation coding scheme identifier.

[0021] The partitioning module is configured to input the information bit sequence into a splitter and output multiple source bit sequences through the splitter, wherein the number of multiple source bit sequences is determined according to the modulation order and the number of antennas;

[0022] The encoding module is configured to encode each source bit sequence using a corresponding LDPC encoder to obtain multiple encoded bit sequences;

[0023] The interleaving module is configured to randomly permutate each coded bit sequence using an interleaver to obtain an interleaved coded bit sequence.

[0024] The modulation module is configured to modulate the interleaved coded bit sequence through a modulation symbol mapper to obtain multiple transmit symbol sequences, and then transmit the multiple transmit symbol sequences to the receiver through a MIMO channel.

[0025] Based on the same inventive concept, a fourth aspect of this application provides an LDPC multi-level encoding transmission device, applied at a receiving end, comprising:

[0026] The receiving module is configured to receive a pre-built parameter table and multiple output symbol sequences transmitted through the MIMO channel;

[0027] The detection module is configured to separate the data streams based on the multiple output symbol sequences using a serial interference cancellation detector, and output symbol soft information corresponding to each data stream;

[0028] The demodulation module is configured to serially demodulate each symbol soft information according to the parameter table through a multi-level demodulator, and then de-interleave the demodulated symbol soft information to obtain the bit-level soft information corresponding to each component code contained in each data stream.

[0029] The decoding module is configured to decode bit-level soft information through an LDPC decoder to obtain the decoded bits corresponding to each component code, and to feed back the posterior probability output by the LDPC decoder to the multi-stage demodulator.

[0030] The feedback module is configured to, for each data stream, in response to the decoding of each component code in the data stream, map the symbol soft information corresponding to the data stream to the constellation symbol corresponding to the data stream or calculate the mean based on the prior probability, and feed the constellation symbol or mean back to the serial interference cancellation detector.

[0031] The output module is configured to output a sequence of decoded bits based on the decoded bits corresponding to all data streams in response to the completion of decoding of all data streams.

[0032] Based on the same inventive concept, a fifth aspect of this application also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable by the processor, wherein the processor implements the method described above when executing the computer program.

[0033] As can be seen from the above, the LDPC multi-level coding transmission method, apparatus, and electronic equipment provided in this application introduce a multi-level coding modulation scheme, realizing code rate allocation between streams and between bits based on channel quality differences, and implementing joint iterative optimization of detection and decoding at the receiving end. At the transmitting end, multi-level coding modulation is performed according to a pre-constructed parameter table, and code rate allocation at the sub-stream level and between bits is performed on single-stream or multi-stream data through the parameter table. The system divides the information bit sequence into multiple levels according to channel state information, with each level using a different LDPC coding code rate. High-reliability streams / bits use higher code rates, and low-reliability streams / bits use lower code rates, thereby achieving fine-grained code rate allocation. At the receiving end, MIMO detection, demodulation, and decoding joint iterative processing is performed according to the corresponding multi-level coding modulation structure based on the same parameter table. Joint optimization of detection and decoding performance is achieved through hard information or soft information feedback mechanisms, providing a high-spectral-efficiency and high-reliability transmission scheme for future mobile communication systems. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the BICM-LDPC coding and modulation scheme according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the LDPC multi-level coding transmission method according to an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transmitter structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of the LDPC multi-level encoded transmission method of this application;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving end in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a performance comparison diagram of LDPC encoding and transmission schemes under 16QAM modulation according to embodiments of this application;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a performance comparison diagram of LDPC encoding and transmission schemes under 64QAM modulation according to embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the LDPC multi-level coding transmission device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an LDPC multi-level coding transmission apparatus according to another embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0046] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in the embodiments of this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0047] With the commercial deployment of fifth-generation mobile communication systems (5G) and the advancement of research into sixth-generation mobile communication systems (6G), the requirements for transmission rate, spectral efficiency, and communication reliability in mobile communication systems are constantly increasing. Against this backdrop, the joint optimization of channel coding and detection / decoding in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems has become one of the key technologies for improving system performance.

[0048] MIMO technology, by configuring multiple antennas at both the transmitter and receiver, can significantly improve the transmission capacity and reliability of a system without increasing bandwidth or transmit power. According to the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) 5G standard, MIMO systems support multiple transmission modes, including single-stream and multi-stream transmission. Multi-stream transmission can simultaneously transmit multiple independent data streams, further enhancing system capacity. However, in real-world wireless channel environments, channel conditions vary significantly between different antenna pairs, leading to inconsistent transmission reliability for each stream or bit. Traditional fixed-rate coding schemes cannot fully utilize channel resources, limiting further improvements in system performance.

[0049] In recent years, the BICM-LDPC coding and modulation scheme has become one of the mainstream methods in 5G communication systems. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the BICM-LDPC coding and modulation scheme is shown, which mainly includes three parts: the transmitter, the channel, and the receiver.

[0050] At the transmitting end, the LDPC encoder first encodes the original information bit sequence to generate an error-correcting coded bit sequence. Then, the bit interleaver performs pseudo-random permutations on the coded bit sequence to generate an interleaved bit sequence. Its function is to disperse burst errors that may occur in the channel, making them appear as random errors during decoding. Finally, the modulator maps the interleaved bit sequence to complex modulation symbols, realizing the conversion from digital bitstream to analog signal; for example, in 16QAM modulation, every 4 bits are mapped to one symbol.

[0051] The receiver employs an iterative detection-decoding architecture, including a MIMO detector, demodulator, bit deinterleaver, and LDPC decoder. The MIMO detector receives the mixed signal from a multi-antenna channel, separates the data streams using a MIMO signal detection algorithm, and outputs symbol-level soft information. The demodulator converts the symbol-level soft information output by the MIMO detector into bit-level soft information (such as the log-likelihood ratio (LLR)). The bit deinterleaver performs the reverse operation of the transmitter's interleaver, restoring the bit-level soft information to the original coded bit order and outputting the deinterleaved soft information as input to the LDPC decoder. The LDPC decoder, based on the parity-check matrix and the received soft information, performs error correction decoding using iterative algorithms such as belief propagation, outputting estimated information bits.

[0052] The BICM-LDPC system achieves joint optimization of detection and decoding through a soft information feedback mechanism. During the decoding process, the LDPC decoder generates extrinsic information, which, after processing by the bit interleaver and modulator, is fed back to the MIMO detector as prior information for the next iteration. This iterative exchange of soft information between the LDPC decoder and the MIMO detector / demodulator module enables joint processing of detection and decoding, improving the system's error correction capability and overall performance.

[0053] LDPC codes, as a channel coding scheme approaching the Shannon limit, have been adopted by the 3GPP standard as the coding scheme for 5G data channels. LDPC codes possess excellent error correction performance and flexible code rate design capabilities, providing a technical foundation for adaptive coding in MIMO systems. However, the application of existing LDPC coding schemes in MIMO systems still faces many challenges. On the one hand, traditional schemes use a uniform code rate to encode all data streams, making optimization impossible based on the differences in channel quality among the streams. On the other hand, in single-stream MIMO transmission, although inter-stream rate adaptation is not possible, reliability differences between different bits in constellation mapping still exist, requiring code rate adaptation to address inter-bit channel differences.

[0054] Furthermore, MIMO detection, demodulation, and decoding at the receiver are traditionally processed separately, with each module operating independently, failing to fully utilize the performance gains from information feedback. The hard decision information output by MIMO detection algorithms (such as MMSE, ZF, ML, etc.) is directly passed to the demodulation module, and the demodulated hard bits are then passed to the LDPC decoder. This cascaded processing method results in information loss and limits further improvements in system performance.

[0055] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes an LDPC multi-level coding transmission method that can adjust the code rate allocation based on channel quality and achieve joint iterative optimization of detection and decoding at the receiver. The proposed method is adaptable to various MIMO transmission modes in the 5G standard, including space-frequency coding and precoding techniques. Through joint mapping of modulation polarization and spatial polarization, it achieves dynamic code rate allocation. Furthermore, at the receiver, an information feedback mechanism enables joint optimization of MIMO detection, demodulation, and LDPC decoding, thereby significantly improving the transmission performance and reliability of the MIMO system.

[0056] The embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the LDPC multi-level encoded transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 2 As shown, the LDPC multi-level coding transmission method of this application embodiment, applied at the transmitting end, includes the following steps:

[0058] Step 101: Obtain the information bit sequence and modulation coding scheme identifier to be transmitted.

[0059] Specifically, in this embodiment, the length of the information bit sequence to be transmitted is K, and the length of the transmitted modulation symbol sequence is N. The coding rate of the system is R = K / N (unit: bits / channel use). The number of transmitting antennas is T, and each antenna transmits N symbols. A T×N matrix X represents the entire transmitted symbol data block, with the rows and columns of X corresponding to the transmitting antennas and transmission time slots, respectively. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is used, and the average symbol energy is normalized to 1. The number of receiving antennas is M, and the MIMO channel response in the t-th time slot is an M×T complex matrix H(t), t = 1, 2, ..., N. At the receiver, the received signal in the t-th time slot is:

[0060] Y t =H(t)·X t +Z t (1)

[0061] Where H(t) represents the channel response corresponding to the t-th time slot, Z is the additive white Gaussian noise matrix, and the elements of Z... σ represents the standard deviation. After receiving Y, the receiver performs MIMO detection, demodulation, and channel decoding to obtain an estimate of the original information bits.

[0062] It should be noted that the coding modulation structure proposed in this application is described and designed for Amplitude-Shift Keying (ASK) modulation. Since Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM), which is widely used in communication systems, can be regarded as a combination of two independent ASK modulations (corresponding to the in-phase component I and the quadrature component Q, respectively), the amplitude distribution matching and coding joint design mechanism in this application has good structural versatility. It can be directly extended to QAM modulation without making substantial changes to the core algorithm structure, thus achieving support and adaptation for mainstream modulation methods.

[0063] The base station transmitter determines the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) based on the Rank Indicator (RI), Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), and Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) information obtained from the feedback link, and determines the number of data streams for the transmitter. The base station transmitter then sends the identifier of the MCS to the transmitter.

[0064] Step 102: Determine the coding parameters and modulation order by querying a pre-built parameter table based on the modulation coding scheme identifier.

[0065] Specifically, the coding parameters and modulation order of each data stream or bit layer can be determined in a pre-built parameter table using the MCS identifier. The coding parameters include the code rate of the component codes. The parameter table can flexibly configure the code rate and allocation method of each component code according to different MIMO transmission modes, modulation schemes, and channel quality, achieving code rate allocation between streams and between bits. Through table lookup operations, the system can quickly obtain the component code parameters required for each data stream, providing a foundation for subsequent multi-level coding and modulation mapping.

[0066] Furthermore, the parameter table includes a modulation mapping table and an inter-stream mapping table. The inter-stream mapping table is used in multi-stream transmission scenarios, assigning different coding rates to each data stream based on channel state information to achieve adaptive code rate allocation between streams. In single-stream transmission scenarios, although there is only one data stream, the system still uses multiple component encoders. In this case, the modulation mapping table is used to assign different coding rates to each component code (i.e., different bit layers) within a single stream, achieving fine-grained code rate adaptation between bits.

[0067] Step 103: Input the information bit sequence into the splitter, and output multiple source bit sequences through the splitter. The number of multiple source bit sequences is determined according to the modulation order and the number of antennas.

[0068] Specifically, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the transmitter's structure is shown. At the transmitter, the information bit sequence... First, the data is split into multiple source bit sequences according to the parameter table using a splitter. The number of source bit sequences is determined by the modulation order M1. Once the modulation order M1 is determined, the number of component codes in each data stream can be determined. Considering ASK modulation, each data stream is divided into m component codes, where m = M1 / 2. Each source bit sequence corresponds to one component code. The number of source bit sequences is equal to the total number of component codes. For example... Figure 3As shown, antenna data stream 1 corresponds to m source bit sequences, namely u 1 u 2 ,…,u m .

[0069] It should be noted that preprocessing operations can be performed before splitting the information bit sequence. These preprocessing operations include, but are not limited to: segmenting the information bit sequence, adding cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits, adding parity check bits, inserting synchronization identifiers, or performing bit rearrangement. These preprocessing steps aim to enhance the system's coding robustness, error detection capability, or overall transmission performance. Specific implementation methods can be flexibly configured according to system design requirements.

[0070] Step 104: Encode each source bit sequence using the corresponding LDPC encoder to obtain multiple encoded bit sequences.

[0071] Specifically, each source bit sequence is fed into the corresponding LDPC encoder for encoding, resulting in multiple encoded bit sequences. The encoded bit sequence corresponding to antenna data stream 1 is denoted as... The structure of an LDPC encoder is determined by the component code rate and code length. Before each source bit sequence is fed into the corresponding LDPC encoder, the information bit sequence to be transmitted is CRC (Cyclical Redundancy Check) encoded to enhance error detection capability. If the length of the information bit sequence exceeds the maximum block length, block segmentation is required, and a CRC check bit is added to each segmented block to ensure independent error correction capability for each block. Each segmented block corresponds to one source bit sequence. Then, each source bit sequence is fed into the corresponding LDPC encoder for encoding, generating an error-correcting encoded bit sequence.

[0072] Bit selection is performed on the encoded bit sequence. Based on the component code length, some encoded bits are selected from the encoded bit sequence, and some bits are discarded or repeated to adapt to channel resources.

[0073] Step 105: Randomly permutate each coded bit sequence using an interleaver to obtain the interleaved coded bit sequence.

[0074] Specifically, each coded bit sequence undergoes pseudo-random permutation via an interleaver to disperse burst errors in the channel and improve decoding performance. The interleaved coded bit sequences are then concatenated sequentially to form a complete bit stream, preparing for subsequent modulation mapping.

[0075] Step 106: Modulate the interleaved coded bit sequence using a modulation symbol mapper to obtain multiple transmit symbol sequences, and transmit the multiple transmit symbol sequences to the receiver through a MIMO channel.

[0076] Specifically, through a predetermined modulation method (such as 2) M1 (Modulation of a number system), mapping the interleaved coded bit sequence to complex modulation symbols, i.e., the transmitted symbol sequence. Each data stream can obtain a transmitted symbol sequence. For example, the transmitted symbol sequence corresponding to antenna data stream 1 is denoted as... The transmitted symbol sequence corresponding to antenna data stream 2 is denoted as The transmitted symbol sequence corresponding to the antenna data stream T is denoted as The modulated multiple transmitted symbol sequences are split in parallel according to the number of antennas in the MIMO system, with each data stream's transmitted symbol sequence sent to its corresponding transmit antenna. Each antenna transmits signals synchronously, forming a spatially multiplexed data stream. The MIMO channel mixes and transmits the signals from each stream, and the receiver uses the received mixed signal for subsequent detection and decoding. In this embodiment, the mainstream ASK modulation scheme is used, and the specific mapping relationship is determined according to preset modulation mapping rules (such as Gray mapping, semi-set partitioning mapping, etc.).

[0077] Based on steps 101 to 106 above, the LDPC multi-level coding transmission method proposed in this embodiment can determine the coding parameters by querying a parameter table through the modulation and coding scheme representation, and then allocate component code rates to each data stream or bit layer, achieving fine-grained code rate allocation. This method can allocate code rates to each data stream or bit layer under different channel conditions, improving the system's spectral efficiency and transmission reliability. The table lookup operation reduces implementation complexity, facilitating hardware implementation and standardization.

[0078] In some embodiments, the parameter table includes a modulation mapping table; the method for constructing the modulation mapping table includes:

[0079] Determine the signal-to-noise ratio of the communication and the number of data streams to be transmitted;

[0080] The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each data stream is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the communication and the number of data streams.

[0081] Based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each data stream and a first preset correspondence, a channel quality indicator identifier for each data stream is determined; wherein, the first preset correspondence specifies the correspondence between the channel quality indicator identifier and the SINR.

[0082] Based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNR) of each data stream, the channel quality index identifier of each data stream, the number of data streams, and a second preset correspondence, the modulation mapping table is constructed. The modulation mapping table specifies the correspondence between the modulation and coding scheme identifier, the number of data streams, and the channel quality index identifier. The second preset correspondence specifies the correspondence between the signal-to-noise ratio of communication and the modulation and coding scheme identifier.

[0083] Specifically, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of communication can be determined based on channel state information. Then, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each data stream can be determined based on the SNR of the communication and the number of data streams. In practice, the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) serial interference cancellation algorithm can be used to detect each data stream. Specifically, when processing the i-th data stream, the system first removes the signals of the first i-1 detected data streams from the received signal, and treats the remaining undetected data streams as interference sources, thereby obtaining the equivalent SINR of the i-th data stream.

[0084] After obtaining the equivalent SINR of each data stream, its theoretical capacity under the Gaussian channel model can be further calculated. The system summarizes the capacity of all data streams to evaluate the overall transmission capability and selects an appropriate modulation order accordingly. Generally, when the system capacity is high, higher-order modulation is preferred to improve spectral efficiency, while when the capacity is limited, lower-order modulation is selected to ensure transmission reliability.

[0085] For each data stream, in the first preset correspondence, the CQI number corresponding to the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) standard value closest to the equivalent SINR of that data stream is selected, and this CQI number is used to represent the channel state information of that data stream. The first preset correspondence defines the correspondence between CQI numbers and SINR standard values.

[0086] When the number of data streams is fixed, the capacity of the communication channel can be determined based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each data stream, and the SINR of the communication can be calculated based on the communication channel capacity. The second preset correspondence specifies the correspondence between the communication SINR and the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) identifier. Therefore, according to the second preset correspondence, the SINR of each data stream can be mapped to the identifier of the MCS. The aforementioned method determines that the SINR of each data stream corresponds to a CQI number. Then, based on the SINR of each data stream, the CQI number of each data stream, the number of data streams, and the second preset correspondence, the modulation mapping table can be constructed. As shown in Table 1 below, the first column is the MCS identifier, the second column is the CQI number when the number of transmit antennas (equal to the RI value) is 1, the third column is the CQI number when the number of transmit antennas is 2, the fourth column is the CQI number when the number of transmit antennas is 3, and the fifth column is the CQI number when the number of transmit antennas is 4. Based on Table 1, the CQI sequence number of each data stream can be determined by using the MSC identifier and the number of transmitting antennas as indexes, which facilitates quick table lookup and allocation later.

[0087] Table 1 Modulation Mapping Table

[0088]

[0089]

[0090] In some embodiments, the parameter table further includes an inter-flow mapping table; the method for constructing the inter-flow mapping table includes:

[0091] The modulation order is determined based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each data stream;

[0092] The constellation point mapping method is determined according to the modulation order, and the capacity of each component code in each data stream is determined based on the constellation point mapping method and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of each data stream, and the capacity is used as the code rate of the component code.

[0093] The inter-stream mapping table is constructed based on the channel quality index identifier of each data stream, the modulation order, and the code rate of each component code; the inter-stream mapping table specifies the correspondence between the channel quality index identifier, the modulation order, and the code rate of each component code.

[0094] Specifically, after obtaining the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each data stream, its theoretical capacity under the Gaussian channel model can be further calculated. The system summarizes the capacities of all data streams to evaluate the overall transmission capability and selects an appropriate modulation order accordingly. Generally, higher-order modulation is preferred when the system capacity is high to improve spectral efficiency, while lower-order modulation is chosen when capacity is limited to ensure transmission reliability. Once the modulation order is determined, the constellation point mapping method under the Multilevel Coding (MLC) architecture is also determined. The capacity of each component code is calculated based on this mapping method and the SINR.

[0095] Constellation point mapping can employ a semi-set partitioning mapping. In the MLC architecture, there are m component codes, each with a length of 2N. The (2i-1)th bit is extracted from each component code to obtain m tag bits for the I-path, and the 2i-th bit is extracted from each component code to obtain m tag bits for the Q-path. Then, the m tag bits from the I-path and Q-path are partitioned using a semi-set partitioning mapping to obtain 2... m ASK modulation symbols, which will convert these two 2 m ASK modulation symbols are the real and imaginary parts of the i-th transmitted symbol in the data stream.

[0096] Alternatively, the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNR) of each data stream can be equivalent to the SNR of a Gaussian channel. Based on this equivalence method, the capacity of each component code can be calculated. The transition probability expression for the l-th tag bit in the constellation dot symbol is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] Among them, set Represents the set of modulation symbols The first l tag bits are satisfied The set of symbols, under the semiset partitioning mapping, and The symbols in P are all real number symbols. Y|A (y|a) is the channel transition probability, where y represents the received symbol at the receiver. Optionally, this channel can be equivalent to a Gaussian channel, and the noise variance of the equivalent Gaussian channel can be calculated using SINR. The noise variances of the I-path and Q-path are σ, respectively. 2 / 2, at this time P Y|A The expression for (y|a) is as follows:

[0099]

[0100] After obtaining the transition probability of the l-th tag bit in the constellation, the capacity of the l-th component code can be further calculated, as shown in the following expression:

[0101]

[0102] Then, the capacity of the l-th component code is used as the code rate of the l-th component code.

[0103] Given the SINR and modulation order, record the coding rate corresponding to each component code. Iterate through all SINRs and modulation orders, mapping SINRs to CQI numbers according to a first preset correspondence. Construct an inter-stream mapping table using the CQI number and modulation order as indexes, recording the component code rate for each configuration. Table 2 shows the inter-stream mapping table. In Table 2, the first column is the CQI number, the second column is the modulation order M1, and the third column is the component code rate. After determining the CQI number using Table 1, the code rate for each component code can be determined using the CQI number and modulation order as indexes, facilitating rapid table lookup and code rate allocation.

[0104] Table 2 Inter-flow mapping table

[0105]

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] The modulation mapping table and inter-stream mapping table in the above embodiments are pre-built offline tables. Through the joint design of the modulation mapping table and inter-stream mapping table, bit rate allocation between bits and between streams is achieved. High-reliability streams / bits use a higher bit rate, and low-reliability streams / bits use a lower bit rate, thereby achieving fine-grained bit rate allocation.

[0109] Corresponding to the foregoing embodiments, this application also proposes an LDPC multi-level coding transmission method, applied at the receiving end, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the LDPC multi-level coded transmission method includes the following steps:

[0110] Step 201: Receive a pre-built parameter table and multiple output symbol sequences transmitted through the MIMO channel.

[0111] Specifically, the parameter table received by the receiving end is the parameter table pre-built at the transmitting end in the aforementioned embodiment. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the receiver's structure is shown. After the transmitter transmits multiple transmitted symbol sequences through the communication channel, the receiver receives multiple output symbol sequences through the receiving antenna.

[0112] Step 202: Based on the multiple output symbol sequences, the data stream is separated by a serial interference cancellation detector, and the symbol soft information corresponding to each data stream is output.

[0113] Specifically, multiple output symbol sequences are detected using a MIMO serial detector. Data streams are separated to obtain symbolic soft information corresponding to each data stream, such as... This indicates the transmitted symbol corresponding to the received data stream. The probability of detection is determined by various algorithms used in MIMO serial detectors, such as MMSE, ZF, or ML. The MIMO serial detector detects the data streams from each antenna sequentially, separating spatially multiplexed data streams and outputting symbol soft information (such as the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) or probability information) for each stream. After detecting data from each antenna, the MIMO serial detector removes the corresponding signal component from the received signal, effectively reducing multi-stream interference during subsequent antenna detection and improving detection accuracy.

[0114] Step 203: The multi-stage demodulator sequentially demodulates each symbol soft information according to the parameter table, and the demodulated symbol soft information is de-interleaved to obtain the bit-level soft information corresponding to each component code contained in each data stream.

[0115] Specifically, each antenna data stream, after being detected and separated by the MIMO serial detector, is serially input to a multi-stage demodulator. The multi-stage demodulator demodulates the detected symbols according to the modulation mapping relationship consistent with the transmitter, and then de-interleaves the soft information of the demodulated symbols. Taking the first antenna data stream as an example, the symbol-level soft information... Converted into bit-level soft information To provide prior information for subsequent channel decoding, the bit-level soft information is also obtained serially. Through serial demodulation, only one bit-level soft information is obtained each time, which is then input to the corresponding decoder.

[0116] Step 204: Decode the bit-level soft information using an LDPC decoder to obtain the decoded bits corresponding to each component code, and feed back the a posteriori probability output by the LDPC decoder to the multi-stage demodulator.

[0117] Specifically, bit-level soft information is input into the corresponding LDPC decoder for channel decoding to recover the original bit stream and obtain the decoded bits corresponding to each component code. All decoded bits are then reassembled, and each decoded bit sequence is subjected to CRC decoding to remove the check bits and recover the original component information bits.

[0118] LDPC decoders can use the belief propagation algorithm for iterative decoding, updating the confidence information of bit nodes and check nodes through multiple iterations, thereby improving decoding performance and bit error rate.

[0119] In addition, after deinterleaving each bit-level soft information, it is necessary to recover and correct the bit soft information at the positions of padding bits, repeating bits, and zero-padding bits according to the transmitter coding structure, and then send it to the LDPC decoder for decoding.

[0120] Step 205: For each data stream, in response to the decoding of each component code in the data stream, the symbol soft information corresponding to the data stream is mapped to the constellation symbol corresponding to the data stream or the mean is calculated according to the prior probability, and the constellation symbol or mean is fed back to the serial interference cancellation detector.

[0121] Specifically, if there is no verification mechanism, then no verification is required after each component code is decoded (corresponding to...). Figure 5 (The black solid line in the image). At this point, the soft / hard information output by the LDPC decoder can be directly fed back to the multi-stage demodulator for interference cancellation of subsequent component codes.

[0122] If a verification mechanism (such as CRC check) exists, then each component code needs to be verified after decoding (corresponding to...). Figure 5 (The red dashed line in the diagram). For each component code, if the decoded bits pass the check, the component code is considered correctly decoded. The posterior probability is then modified to the posterior information corresponding to the decoded hard information, and the decoded information is fed back to the multi-stage demodulator for interference cancellation of subsequent component codes. The decoded information can be either hard decision information (such as 0 / 1 decision results) or soft decision information (such as log-likelihood ratio or log-posterior probability).

[0123] Once all component codes in a data stream have been decoded, the corresponding symbol or its probability can be calculated. Figure 5 The black dotted line part, such as (Conversion) and feedback to the detector to assist in subsequent antenna data stream detection and interference suppression.

[0124] Step 206: In response to the completion of decoding of all data streams, output the decoded bit sequence based on the decoded bits corresponding to all data streams.

[0125] Specifically, after all antenna data streams are sequentially detected, demodulated, and decoded, if the system does not include a verification mechanism, it directly outputs the decoded bit sequence corresponding to all antenna data streams. If the system includes a verification mechanism, it determines whether all decoding is successful based on the verification flags of all antennas. If any verification flags show a failed verification, it indicates that not all decoding was successful. If there are data streams that failed verification, the decoding result is used as prior information to re-detect and decode all data streams, entering the next iteration. If all antennas pass verification or the maximum number of iterations is reached, the iteration terminates, and the decoded bit sequence of all antenna data streams is output, completing the recovery of the original information.

[0126] Based on steps 201 to 206 above, a receiver architecture based on a multi-level decoding serial detection and demodulation and decoding information feedback mechanism is constructed. By introducing iterative feedback of decoding information during the detection, demodulation, and decoding processes, joint optimization of detection, demodulation, and decoding is achieved, improving the overall system performance. This fully leverages the information gain between detection, demodulation, and decoding, significantly improving the system's bit error rate performance and enhancing its robustness and reliability in complex channel environments. Furthermore, it possesses good scalability and engineering-friendly implementation, facilitating its widespread application in practical communication systems.

[0127] To further illustrate the LDPC multi-level coding transmission method proposed in this application, a link-level simulation platform was built to simulate and analyze the performance of the proposed LDPC multi-level coding transmission method, verifying its effectiveness and applicability under ideal channel estimation. The simulation used a CDL-C channel model with an antenna configuration of 2 transmit and 256 receive, interference set to IoT 10dB@4 interference, a modulation symbol length of 512(N), and the number of bits in the information bit sequence to be transmitted being 512×T×2m. A semi-set partitioning mapping was used, and the Resource Block (RB) value was 32.

[0128] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the performance comparison of LDPC encoding and transmission schemes under 16QAM modulation is presented. Figure 7 A performance comparison diagram of LDPC encoding and transmission schemes under 64QAM modulation is shown. Figure 6 and Figure 7In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and the vertical axis represents the block error rate (BER). With an MCS of 15 and an RI of 2, the CQI is 43 and 45, corresponding to 16QAM modulation. The code rate is allocated to each data stream by querying the parameter table. With an MCS of 24 and an RI of 2, the CQI is 69 and 73, corresponding to 64QAM modulation, and the system also performs corresponding code rate allocation. Under the above configuration, the component code decoders all use BP decoding, with a maximum iteration count of 30. In the SIC detection iterative decoding process of the MLC-LDPC encoding in this application, the maximum number of iterations is set to 4. Due to the introduction of a CRC check mechanism, the iteration process can adaptively terminate early based on the check result. Typically, when the BLER reaches 10%, the detection decoding can pass the CRC check after the first iteration, thus ending the decoding early. This detection decoding scheme improves system performance without increasing decoding complexity.

[0129] Simulation results show that the performance ranking of different coding transmission schemes under various conditions is: MLC-LDPC > BICM-LDPC. For the MLC-LDPC coding scheme, the performance of SIC detection iterative decoding is generally optimal. Under 16QAM modulation with BLER = 10%, MLC-LDPC coding with SIC detection soft information iterative decoding achieves a performance gain of approximately 0.5 dB compared to the traditional PIC detection decoding scheme, and approximately 3.09 dB compared to the BICM-LDPC coding scheme. Under 64QAM modulation with BLER = 10%, MLC-LDPC coding with SIC detection soft information iterative decoding achieves a performance gain of approximately 0.24 dB compared to the traditional PIC detection decoding scheme, and approximately 5.02 dB compared to the BICM-LDPC coding scheme. The simulation results fully verify the significant advantages of the proposed LDPC multi-level coding transmission method in improving system performance, especially in achieving greater performance gains under high spectral efficiency scenarios.

[0130] It should be noted that the method in this embodiment can be executed by a single device, such as a computer or server. The method can also be applied in a distributed scenario, where multiple devices cooperate to complete the task. In such a distributed scenario, one of these devices may execute only one or more steps of the method in this embodiment, and the multiple devices will interact with each other to complete the method described.

[0131] It should be noted that some embodiments of this application have been described above. In some cases, the actions or steps described in the above embodiments can be performed in a different order than that shown in the above embodiments and the desired result can still be achieved. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require a specific or sequential order to achieve the desired result. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0132] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to any of the above embodiments, this application also provides an LDPC multi-level encoding transmission device.

[0133] refer to Figure 8 The LDPC multi-level coding transmission device, applied at the transmitting end, includes:

[0134] The acquisition module 801 is configured to acquire the information bit sequence to be transmitted and the modulation and coding scheme identifier;

[0135] The first determining module 802 is configured to determine the coding parameters and modulation order by querying a pre-built parameter table based on the modulation coding scheme identifier.

[0136] The partitioning module 803 is configured to input the information bit sequence into a splitter and output multiple source bit sequences through the splitter, wherein the number of multiple source bit sequences is determined according to the modulation order and the number of antennas;

[0137] The encoding module 804 is configured to encode each source bit sequence through the corresponding LDPC encoder to obtain multiple encoded bit sequences;

[0138] Interleaving module 805 is configured to randomly permutate each coded bit sequence through an interleaver to obtain an interleaved coded bit sequence;

[0139] The modulation module 806 is configured to modulate the interleaved coded bit sequence through a modulation symbol mapper to obtain multiple transmit symbol sequences, and transmit the multiple transmit symbol sequences to the receiver through a MIMO channel.

[0140] In some embodiments, the parameter table includes a modulation mapping table; the apparatus further includes a construction module configured to determine the signal-to-noise ratio of the communication and the number of data streams to be transmitted;

[0141] The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each data stream is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the communication and the number of data streams.

[0142] Based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each data stream and a first preset correspondence, a channel quality indicator identifier for each data stream is determined; wherein, the first preset correspondence specifies the correspondence between the channel quality indicator identifier and the SINR.

[0143] Based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNR) of each data stream, the channel quality index identifier of each data stream, the number of data streams, and a second preset correspondence, the modulation mapping table is constructed. The modulation mapping table specifies the correspondence between the modulation and coding scheme identifier, the number of data streams, and the channel quality index identifier. The second preset correspondence specifies the correspondence between the signal-to-noise ratio of communication and the modulation and coding scheme identifier.

[0144] In some embodiments, the parameter table further includes an inter-stream mapping table; the construction module is also configured to determine the modulation order based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of each data stream;

[0145] The constellation point mapping method is determined according to the modulation order, and the capacity of each component code in each data stream is determined based on the constellation point mapping method and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of each data stream, and the capacity is used as the code rate of the component code.

[0146] The inter-stream mapping table is constructed based on the channel quality index identifier of each data stream, the modulation order, and the code rate of each component code; the inter-stream mapping table specifies the correspondence between the channel quality index identifier, the modulation order, and the code rate of each component code.

[0147] In some embodiments, the encoding parameters further include the code length of each component code; before randomly permuting each encoded bit sequence through an interleaver to obtain an interleaved encoded bit sequence, a filtering module is further included, configured to filter the corresponding encoded bit sequence according to the code length of the component code, so as to discard some bits in the encoded bit sequence or repeat some bits in the encoded bit sequence.

[0148] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to any of the above embodiments, this application also provides an LDPC multi-level encoding transmission device.

[0149] refer to Figure 9 The LDPC multi-level coding transmission device, applied at the receiving end, includes:

[0150] The receiving module 901 is configured to receive a pre-built parameter table and a sequence of multiple output symbols transmitted through the MIMO channel;

[0151] The detection module 902 is configured to separate the data streams based on the plurality of output symbol sequences using a serial interference cancellation detector, and output symbol soft information corresponding to each data stream;

[0152] The demodulation module 903 is configured to serially demodulate each symbol soft information according to the parameter table through a multi-level demodulator, and then de-interleave the demodulated symbol soft information to obtain the bit-level soft information corresponding to each component code contained in each data stream.

[0153] The decoding module 904 is configured to decode bit-level soft information through an LDPC decoder to obtain the decoded bits corresponding to each component code, and to feed back the a posteriori probability information output by the LDPC decoder to the multi-stage demodulator.

[0154] Feedback module 905 is configured to, for each data stream, in response to the decoding of each component code in the data stream, map the symbol soft information corresponding to the data stream to the constellation symbol corresponding to the data stream or calculate the mean based on the prior probability, and feed the constellation symbol or mean back to the serial interference cancellation detector.

[0155] Output module 906 is configured to output a decoded bit sequence based on the decoded bits corresponding to all data streams in response to the completion of decoding of all data streams.

[0156] In some embodiments, after obtaining the decoded bits corresponding to each component code, a verification module is further included, which is configured to verify the decoded bits corresponding to each component code. If the verification passes, the a posteriori probability is modified to the a posteriori information corresponding to the decoded hard information, and the decoded information is fed back to the multi-level demodulator.

[0157] In some embodiments, before outputting the decoded bit sequence based on the decoded bits corresponding to the data stream, the verification module is further configured to determine whether all data streams have been successfully decoded based on the verification flag. If there are undecoded data streams, the decoding result is used as prior information to re-detect and decode all data streams until all data streams are successfully decoded or the number of decoding detections reaches the maximum preset number.

[0158] For ease of description, the above devices are described in terms of function, divided into various modules. Of course, in implementing this application, the functions of each module can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware.

[0159] The apparatus of the above embodiments is used to implement the corresponding LDPC multilevel coding transmission method in any of the foregoing embodiments, and has the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0160] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to the methods of any of the above embodiments, this application also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the LDPC multilevel encoding transmission method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0161] Figure 10 This embodiment illustrates a more specific hardware structure of an electronic device, which may include a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input / output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050. The processor 1010, memory 1020, input / output interface 1030, and communication interface 1040 are interconnected internally via the bus 1050.

[0162] The processor 1010 can be implemented using a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification.

[0163] The memory 1020 can be implemented in the form of ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), static storage device, dynamic storage device, etc. The memory 1020 can store the operating system and other applications. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented by software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 1020 and is called and executed by the processor 1010.

[0164] The input / output interface 1030 is used to connect input / output modules to realize information input and output. Input / output modules can be configured as components within the device (not shown in the figure) or externally connected to the device to provide corresponding functions. Input devices may include keyboards, mice, touchscreens, microphones, various sensors, etc., while output devices may include displays, speakers, vibrators, indicator lights, etc.

[0165] The communication interface 1040 is used to connect a communication module (not shown in the figure) to enable communication between this device and other devices. The communication module can communicate via wired means (such as USB, Ethernet cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).

[0166] Bus 1050 includes a pathway for transmitting information between various components of the device, such as processor 1010, memory 1020, input / output interface 1030, and communication interface 1040.

[0167] It should be noted that although the above-described device only shows the processor 1010, memory 1020, input / output interface 1030, communication interface 1040, and bus 1050, in specific implementations, the device may also include other components necessary for normal operation. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that the above-described device may only include the components necessary for implementing the embodiments of this specification, and not necessarily all the components shown in the figures.

[0168] The electronic devices described above are used to implement the corresponding LDPC multilevel coding transmission method in any of the foregoing embodiments, and have the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0169] Based on the same inventive concept, corresponding to the methods of any of the above embodiments, this application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores computer instructions for causing the computer to execute the LDPC multilevel encoded transmission method as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0170] The computer-readable medium of this embodiment includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and information storage can be implemented by any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transfer medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device.

[0171] The computer instructions stored in the storage medium of the above embodiments are used to cause the computer to execute the LDPC multilevel encoded transmission method as described in any of the above embodiments, and have the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0172] Based on the same concept, corresponding to any of the above embodiments, this application also provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions, which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in any of the above embodiments, and have the beneficial effects of the corresponding method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0173] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of this application is limited to these examples; under the concept of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the embodiments of this application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.

[0174] Additionally, to simplify the description and discussion, and to avoid obscuring the embodiments of this application, the well-known power / ground connections to integrated circuit (IC) chips and other components may or may not be shown in the provided drawings. Furthermore, the apparatus may be shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the embodiments of this application, and this also takes into account the fact that the details of the implementation of these block diagram apparatuses are highly dependent on the platform on which the embodiments of this application will be implemented (i.e., these details should be fully understood by those skilled in the art). While specific details (e.g., circuits) have been set forth to describe exemplary embodiments of this application, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of this application can be implemented without these specific details or with variations thereof. Therefore, these descriptions should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0175] Although this application has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments thereof, many substitutions, modifications, and variations of these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description. For example, other memory architectures (e.g., dynamic RAM (DRAM)) may be used with the embodiments discussed.

[0176] The embodiments of this application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of this application. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An LDPC multi-level coded transmission method, characterized in that, Applications to the transmitting end include: Obtain the bit sequence of the information to be transmitted and the modulation and coding scheme identifier; Based on the modulation and coding scheme identifier, the coding parameters and modulation order are determined by querying a pre-built parameter table; The information bit sequence is input into a splitter, and multiple source bit sequences are output through the splitter. The number of multiple source bit sequences is determined according to the modulation order and the number of antennas. Each source bit sequence is encoded using the corresponding LDPC encoder to obtain multiple encoded bit sequences; Each coded bit sequence is randomly permuted using an interleaver to obtain the interleaved coded bit sequence; The interleaved coded bit sequence is modulated by a modulation symbol mapper to obtain multiple transmit symbol sequences, which are then transmitted to the receiver through a MIMO channel. The parameter table includes a modulation mapping table; the method for constructing the modulation mapping table includes: Determine the signal-to-noise ratio of the communication and the number of data streams to be transmitted; The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each data stream is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the communication and the number of data streams. Based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each data stream and a first preset correspondence, a channel quality indicator identifier for each data stream is determined; wherein, the first preset correspondence specifies the correspondence between the channel quality indicator identifier and the SINR. Based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNR) of each data stream, the channel quality index identifier of each data stream, the number of data streams, and a second preset correspondence, the modulation mapping table is constructed; the modulation mapping table specifies the correspondence between the modulation and coding scheme identifier, the number of data streams, and the channel quality index identifier; wherein, the second preset correspondence specifies the correspondence between the signal-to-noise ratio of communication and the modulation and coding scheme identifier; The parameter table also includes an inter-flow mapping table; the method for constructing the inter-flow mapping table includes: The modulation order is determined based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each data stream; The constellation point mapping method is determined according to the modulation order, and the capacity of each component code in each data stream is determined based on the constellation point mapping method and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of each data stream, and the capacity is used as the code rate of the component code. The inter-stream mapping table is constructed based on the channel quality index identifier of each data stream, the modulation order, and the code rate of each component code; the inter-stream mapping table specifies the correspondence between the channel quality index identifier, the modulation order, and the code rate of each component code.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The encoding parameters also include the code length of each component code; before randomly permuting each encoded bit sequence through an interleaver to obtain the interleaved encoded bit sequence, the following is included: The corresponding encoded bit sequence is filtered according to the code length of the component code to discard some bits in the encoded bit sequence or repeat some bits in the encoded bit sequence.

3. An LDPC multi-level encoded transmission method, characterized in that, Applied to the receiving end, including: Receive a pre-built parameter table and multiple output symbol sequences transmitted through the MIMO channel; Based on the multiple output symbol sequences, the data stream is separated by a serial interference cancellation detector, and the symbol soft information corresponding to each data stream is output. The multi-level demodulator sequentially demodulates each symbol soft information according to the parameter table, and the demodulated symbol soft information is then de-interleaved to obtain the bit-level soft information corresponding to each component code contained in each data stream. The bit-level soft information is decoded by the LDPC decoder to obtain the decoded bits corresponding to each component code, and the posterior probability output by the LDPC decoder is fed back to the multi-stage demodulator. For each data stream, in response to the decoding of each component code in the data stream, the symbol soft information corresponding to the data stream is mapped to the constellation symbol corresponding to the data stream or the mean is calculated according to the prior probability, and the constellation symbol or mean is fed back to the serial interference cancellation detector; In response to the completion of decoding of all data streams, output the decoded bit sequence based on the decoded bits corresponding to all data streams; The parameter table includes a modulation mapping table; the method for constructing the modulation mapping table includes: Determine the signal-to-noise ratio of the communication and the number of data streams to be transmitted; The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each data stream is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the communication and the number of data streams. Based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each data stream and a first preset correspondence, a channel quality indicator identifier for each data stream is determined; wherein, the first preset correspondence specifies the correspondence between the channel quality indicator identifier and the SINR. Based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNR) of each data stream, the channel quality index identifier of each data stream, the number of data streams, and a second preset correspondence, the modulation mapping table is constructed; the modulation mapping table specifies the correspondence between the modulation and coding scheme identifier, the number of data streams, and the channel quality index identifier; wherein, the second preset correspondence specifies the correspondence between the signal-to-noise ratio of communication and the modulation and coding scheme identifier; The parameter table also includes an inter-flow mapping table; the method for constructing the inter-flow mapping table includes: The modulation order is determined based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each data stream; The constellation point mapping method is determined according to the modulation order, and the capacity of each component code in each data stream is determined based on the constellation point mapping method and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of each data stream, and the capacity is used as the code rate of the component code. The inter-stream mapping table is constructed based on the channel quality index identifier of each data stream, the modulation order, and the code rate of each component code; the inter-stream mapping table specifies the correspondence between the channel quality index identifier, the modulation order, and the code rate of each component code.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, After obtaining the decoded bits corresponding to each component code, the following is also included: The decoded bits corresponding to each component code are verified. If the verification passes, the a posteriori probability is modified to the a posteriori information corresponding to the decoded hard information, and the decoded information is fed back to the multi-stage demodulator.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Before outputting the decoded bit sequence based on the decoded bits corresponding to the data stream, the method further includes: The verification flag determines whether all data streams have been successfully decoded. If there are undecoded data streams, the decoding result is used as prior information to re-detect and decode all data streams until all data streams are successfully decoded or the number of decoding tests reaches the maximum preset number.

6. An LDPC multi-level encoded transmission device, characterized in that, Applications to the transmitting end include: The acquisition module is configured to acquire the bit sequence of the information to be transmitted and the modulation and coding scheme identifier. The first determining module is configured to determine the coding parameters and modulation order by querying a pre-built parameter table based on the modulation coding scheme identifier. The partitioning module is configured to input the information bit sequence into a splitter and output multiple source bit sequences through the splitter, wherein the number of multiple source bit sequences is determined according to the modulation order and the number of antennas; The encoding module is configured to encode each source bit sequence using a corresponding LDPC encoder to obtain multiple encoded bit sequences; The interleaving module is configured to randomly permutate each coded bit sequence using an interleaver to obtain an interleaved coded bit sequence. The modulation module is configured to modulate the interleaved coded bit sequence through a modulation symbol mapper to obtain multiple transmit symbol sequences, and transmit the multiple transmit symbol sequences to the receiver through a MIMO channel. The parameter table includes a modulation mapping table; the method for constructing the modulation mapping table includes: Determine the signal-to-noise ratio of the communication and the number of data streams to be transmitted; The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each data stream is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the communication and the number of data streams. Based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each data stream and a first preset correspondence, a channel quality indicator identifier for each data stream is determined; wherein, the first preset correspondence specifies the correspondence between the channel quality indicator identifier and the SINR. Based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNR) of each data stream, the channel quality index identifier of each data stream, the number of data streams, and a second preset correspondence, the modulation mapping table is constructed; the modulation mapping table specifies the correspondence between the modulation and coding scheme identifier, the number of data streams, and the channel quality index identifier; wherein, the second preset correspondence specifies the correspondence between the signal-to-noise ratio of communication and the modulation and coding scheme identifier; The parameter table also includes an inter-flow mapping table; the method for constructing the inter-flow mapping table includes: The modulation order is determined based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each data stream; The constellation point mapping method is determined according to the modulation order, and the capacity of each component code in each data stream is determined based on the constellation point mapping method and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of each data stream, and the capacity is used as the code rate of the component code. The inter-stream mapping table is constructed based on the channel quality index identifier of each data stream, the modulation order, and the code rate of each component code; the inter-stream mapping table specifies the correspondence between the channel quality index identifier, the modulation order, and the code rate of each component code.

7. An LDPC multi-level encoding and transmission device, characterized in that, Applied to the receiving end, including: The receiving module is configured to receive a pre-built parameter table and multiple output symbol sequences transmitted through the MIMO channel; The detection module is configured to separate the data streams based on the multiple output symbol sequences using a serial interference cancellation detector, and output symbol soft information corresponding to each data stream; The demodulation module is configured to serially demodulate each symbol soft information according to the parameter table through a multi-level demodulator, and then de-interleave the demodulated symbol soft information to obtain the bit-level soft information corresponding to each component code contained in each data stream. The decoding module decodes bit-level soft information using an LDPC decoder to obtain the decoded bits corresponding to each component code, and feeds back the posterior probability output by the LDPC decoder to the multi-stage demodulator. The feedback module is configured to, for each data stream, in response to the decoding of each component code in the data stream, map the symbol soft information corresponding to the data stream to the constellation symbol corresponding to the data stream or calculate the mean based on the prior probability, and feed the constellation symbol or mean back to the serial interference cancellation detector. The output module is configured to output a sequence of decoded bits based on the decoded bits corresponding to all data streams in response to the completion of decoding of all data streams. The parameter table includes a modulation mapping table; the method for constructing the modulation mapping table includes: Determine the signal-to-noise ratio of the communication and the number of data streams to be transmitted; The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each data stream is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the communication and the number of data streams. Based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each data stream and a first preset correspondence, a channel quality indicator identifier for each data stream is determined; wherein, the first preset correspondence specifies the correspondence between the channel quality indicator identifier and the SINR. Based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNR) of each data stream, the channel quality index identifier of each data stream, the number of data streams, and a second preset correspondence, the modulation mapping table is constructed; the modulation mapping table specifies the correspondence between the modulation and coding scheme identifier, the number of data streams, and the channel quality index identifier; wherein, the second preset correspondence specifies the correspondence between the signal-to-noise ratio of communication and the modulation and coding scheme identifier; The parameter table also includes an inter-flow mapping table; the method for constructing the inter-flow mapping table includes: The modulation order is determined based on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of each data stream; The constellation point mapping method is determined according to the modulation order, and the capacity of each component code in each data stream is determined based on the constellation point mapping method and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of each data stream, and the capacity is used as the code rate of the component code. The inter-stream mapping table is constructed based on the channel quality index identifier of each data stream, the modulation order, and the code rate of each component code; the inter-stream mapping table specifies the correspondence between the channel quality index identifier, the modulation order, and the code rate of each component code.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-2 or 3-5.

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