Novel positioning and guiding device for fracture minimally invasive surgery

Abstract

The novel fracture minimally invasive surgery positioning and guiding device comprises a positioning pipe, a guiding pipe and an arc-shaped movable arm, the arc-shaped movable arm comprises a first movable arm body and a second movable arm body, and one end of the first movable arm body is movably connected with one end of the second movable arm body through a locking structure; the other end of the first movable arm and the other end of the second movable arm are provided with a positioning pipe and a guiding pipe respectively, the second movable arm is provided with a first guiding opening formed in the extending direction of the second movable arm, and the first movable arm, the second movable arm and the first guiding opening are all in an arc shape and are the same in circle center. The locking structure comprises a positioning block, a first fixing piece for fastening or loosening the positioning block and the first guide opening, and a second fixing piece for fastening or loosening the positioning block and the first fixing hole, so that the first movable arm has a sliding state and a rotating state, and accurate positioning and dynamic adjustment of a three-dimensional space of the guide pipe are realized; and an efficient, accurate and safe solution is provided for the complex orthopedic surgery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of orthopedic medical technology, and in particular relates to a novel positioning and guiding device for minimally invasive fracture surgery. Background Technology

[0002] In minimally invasive orthopedic surgery, precise positioning and guidance are crucial for the implantation of Kirschner wires. This is especially true when fixing fractures such as scaphoid fractures, where precise positioning and insertion of the Kirschner wire at a predetermined angle and depth are essential to ensure stable fixation of the fracture ends. Traditional Kirschner wire insertion typically relies on the surgeon's experience and feel, using tools like electric drills to insert the wire. This method demands a high level of skill from the surgeon and is prone to errors during the procedure, causing the Kirschner wire to deviate from the intended insertion point, affecting fracture reduction, and even damaging surrounding nerves and blood vessels. This necessitates removing and re-inserting the Kirschner wire, increasing surgical time and patient trauma. Repeated insertion can also impair blood supply to the fracture ends, damage the scaphoid articular surface, and lead to complications such as traumatic arthritis and ischemic necrosis of the proximal scaphoid fracture ends.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, Chinese patent CN209392081U discloses an orthopedic guide, comprising a guide frame, a fixation pin, at least one guide tube, and at least one positioning pin. The fixation pin has graduations marked on its side. The guide frame is C-shaped, with a first through-hole at one end for mounting the fixation pin, and a second through-hole at the other end. Several third through-holes are arranged along the guide frame from one end to the other. The second and third through-holes can be used to mount both the guide tube and the positioning pin. During surgery using this guide, the positioning pin is fixed to the bone tissue, and the Kirschner wire is guided through the guide tube. The multiple third through-holes along the guide frame allow the guide tube to be installed at different angles, thus achieving multi-angle guidance. However, this structure is limited by the fixed angle of each third through-hole, resulting in limited adjustment flexibility and difficulty in achieving continuously adjustable needle insertion angles. This makes it difficult to meet the multi-dimensional spatial positioning requirements of complex fractures during surgery.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, Chinese patent CN210447182U discloses a Kirschner wire guide for scaphoid fracture surgery, comprising an adjusting frame, an adjusting arm, a connecting arm, and a sleeve. The adjusting frame has a groove and a through-hole. The groove is arc-shaped and located at one end of the adjusting frame, through which the adjusting arm passes. The connecting arm is fixed to the end of the adjusting arm and has a pointed hook at its end. The groove and adjusting arm are arc-shaped, and the sleeve passes through the through-hole. The adjusting arm can slide within the groove of the adjusting frame, thereby adjusting the angle between the sleeve and the connecting arm. During adjustment, the sleeve always points towards the center. When the pointed hook of the connecting arm hooks onto the scaphoid tubercle, the sleeve points towards the axis of the scaphoid bone. After the Kirschner wire is passed through the sleeve, it can directly penetrate the axis of the scaphoid bone in one pass, fixing the fracture ends. This guide's adjusting arm can slide relative to the groove, allowing continuous adjustment of the sleeve's guiding angle, thus enabling more precise positioning of the Kirschner wire. However, during surgery, it was found that this type of guide can only adjust the angle of the Kirschner wire within a single plane. While suitable for small fractures in areas easy to fix, and effective guidance is possible when the fixation point and the insertion point are on the same plane, it is inadequate for multi-plane, multi-directional spatial positioning when the fracture site is complex or the fracture area is large. This limits Kirschner wire insertion, forcing surgeons to rely on traditional freehand positioning methods and their experience. This not only prolongs the surgery time but also increases the risk of insertion deviation, affecting the quality of fracture reduction and postoperative recovery. Furthermore, when using this guide, if the patient requires Kirschner wire fixation in multiple directions, the guide structure must be repeatedly disassembled and adjusted to match different insertion paths. This is cumbersome, causes additional trauma to the patient, increases the risk of intraoperative bleeding and tissue damage, and makes it difficult to ensure consistent positioning accuracy during repeated adjustments. This leads to deviations in the spatial configuration during multi-wire fixation, affecting overall fixation stability and significantly increasing surgery time and patient risk. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a positioning and guiding device for minimally invasive fracture surgery, which solves the problems of insufficient adjustment freedom, difficulty in achieving precise multi-plane positioning, low surgical efficiency, and repeated fixation and adjustment required when using guides for Kirschner wire implantation, which makes the surgery difficult and increases surgical risks.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a novel positioning and guiding device for minimally invasive fracture surgery, comprising a positioning tube, a guiding tube, and an arc-shaped movable arm. The arc-shaped movable arm includes a first movable arm and a second movable arm movably connected to the first movable arm. One end of the first movable arm and the second movable arm are movably connected by a locking structure. The other ends of the first and second movable arms are respectively provided with a positioning tube and a guiding tube. The second movable arm is provided with a first guiding opening arranged along its extension direction. The first movable arm, the second movable arm, and the first guiding opening are all arc-shaped and have the same center. The first movable arm is provided with a first fixing hole. The locking structure includes a positioning block, a first fixing member for fastening or loosening the positioning block to the first guiding opening, and a second fixing member for fastening or loosening the positioning block to the first fixing hole, so that the first movable arm has a sliding state and a rotating state. The first movable arm is in a sliding state, and the first fixed member is loose from the first guide opening, so that the positioning block can slide along the first guide opening and drive the first movable arm to slide along the first guide opening. The first movable arm is in a rotating state, and the second fixing member is loose from the first fixing hole, so that the first movable arm can rotate relative to the second movable arm.

[0007] This application incorporates a positioning tube, a guide tube, and an arc-shaped movable arm into the aforementioned device. One end of the first movable arm and the second movable arm are movably connected via a locking structure, while the other ends of the first and second movable arms are respectively equipped with a positioning tube and a guide tube. This allows the surgeon to move the first and second movable arms to a suitable position during surgery, then fix the locking structure, thereby stabilizing the spatial position of the positioning tube and the guide tube. The positioning tube is used to position and fix the device to the patient's bone tissue, and the guide tube provides a precise entry path for surgical instruments. This ensures precise and stable minimally invasive procedures at the fracture site, reduces damage to surrounding tissues, and improves surgical efficiency and safety.

[0008] Meanwhile, the second movable arm is provided with a first guide port along its extension direction. The first movable arm is provided with a fixing hole. The locking structure includes a positioning block, a first fixing member that fastens or loosens the positioning block to the first guide port, and a second fixing member that fastens or loosens the positioning block to the first fixing hole, so that the first movable arm has a sliding state and a rotating state. That is to say, when the doctor performs minimally invasive surgery through this device, he can control the first movable arm to switch between the sliding state and the rotating state by adjusting the first fixing member and the second fixing member, so as to achieve multi-dimensional flexible adjustment. On the one hand, when the needle insertion point, that is, the end of the guide tube, and the positioning tube for positioning bone tissue are not on the same plane, the doctor... According to the actual surgical needs, the first movable arm can be placed in a sliding state by loosening the first fixation member and adjusting the position of the first movable arm along the first guide port, thereby changing the spatial coordinates of the guide tube. After sliding to the appropriate position, the first fixation member is re-locked, and then the second fixation member is loosened so that the second movable arm is placed in a rotating state and can rotate relative to the first movable arm. The spatial angle of the guide tube is further adjusted so that it can be accurately aligned with the target bone tissue. Then the second fixation member is locked to achieve precise positioning in three-dimensional space. After fixing the positioning tube to the bone tissue, the surgical instruments can be guided into the predetermined trajectory through the guide tube to ensure that the screw or guide pin is accurately implanted into the target position. Throughout the procedure, the dual adjustment mechanism of the movable arm effectively enhances operational freedom and positioning accuracy, making it particularly suitable for minimally invasive orthopedic surgeries with complex anatomical structures. When facing large-area fractures or fractures with multi-plane displacement, the coordinated adjustment of sliding and rotation allows for optimal matching of the approach angle and fixation point, eliminating the need for large incisions and significantly reducing surgical trauma. Furthermore, when multiple fixations are required at the same fracture site, the surgeon can maintain the position of the positioning tube and adjust the direction and depth of the guide tube sequentially by adjusting the sliding and rotation of the first movable arm. This enables precise implantation of multiple screws or guide pins at different angles, avoiding bone tissue damage caused by repeated positioning, significantly reducing the number of intraoperative adjustments and radiation exposure time, and improving surgical safety and efficiency. It not only effectively shortens the operation time but also reduces the cumulative radiation dose caused by frequent fluoroscopy confirmation, further protecting the health of both doctors and patients. Simultaneously, it reduces postoperative pain and recovery burden for patients, improving overall treatment outcomes. This design, through a precise mechanical linkage mechanism, achieves accurate three-dimensional spatial positioning and dynamic adjustment of the guide tube, providing an efficient, precise, and safe solution for complex orthopedic surgeries.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of a novel minimally invasive fracture surgery positioning and guiding device, a connector is connected to the other end of the first movable arm, the positioning tube is fixed to the connector, and the connector can be fastened to the first movable arm or rotate relative to the first movable arm so that the positioning tube can be fastened to or rotate relative to the first movable arm.

[0010] By connecting a connector to the other end of the first movable arm, the positioning tube is fixed to the connector, and the connector can be fastened to the first movable arm or rotate relative to the first movable arm, so that the positioning tube can be fastened or rotated relative to the first movable arm. This allows the positioning tube to not only achieve independent adjustment of its spatial position and angle by switching between sliding and rotating states, but also to further fine-tune the tilt angle of the guide tube by the relative rotation between the connector and the first movable arm, achieving secondary fine-tuning of the spatial posture. This further improves the matching accuracy between the positioning tube and the bone tissue, thereby further ensuring the accuracy and stability of the guide tube's guiding path. Especially in high-precision scenarios such as treating periarticular fractures or intramedullary nail implantation, it significantly enhances the operability of the surgery.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of a novel minimally invasive fracture surgery positioning and guiding device, the connector includes a movable part that cooperates with a first movable arm and a fixed part that is connected to the movable part. The movable part is spherical and is fastened or loosened to the first movable arm by fasteners. The positioning tube passes through the fixed part and can slide relative to the fixed part along its axial direction.

[0012] By configuring the connector to include a movable part that mates with the first movable arm and a fixed part connected to the movable part, the movable part is spherical and can be fastened or loosened to the first movable arm by fasteners. When the fasteners are loosened, the movable part can rotate freely within the first movable arm. The spherical movable part allows the positioning tube to be adjusted at any angle in three-dimensional space, enabling the positioning tube to be freely adjusted without dead angles in three-dimensional space, further improving the positioning and fixation accuracy between the positioning tube and bone tissue, and thus further improving the accuracy and stability of subsequent surgeries. At the same time, the positioning tube passes through the fixed part and can slide relative to the fixed part along its axis. This allows the positioning tube to not only achieve free adjustment of its three-dimensional posture through the spherical movable part, but also to slide along the axis of the fixed part to adapt to the needle insertion depth requirements of different fracture locations, achieving more precise positioning with greater spatial freedom, and providing highly flexible adaptability for different anatomical structures and surgical approaches.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of a novel minimally invasive fracture surgery positioning and guiding device, the fixation part is provided with a through-hole second fixation hole, the positioning tube passes through the second fixation hole, and the connector also includes a tightening member, which can be moved to extend into the second fixation hole and abut against the positioning tube or move away from the positioning tube so that the positioning tube can slide along the second fixation hole.

[0014] By configuring the connector to also include a tightening element, which is movable to extend into the second fixing hole and abut against or move away from the positioning tube so that the positioning tube can slide along the second fixing hole, when the doctor needs to make axial adjustments to the positioning tube, the tightening element is rotated outward to remove it from the outer wall of the positioning tube, thereby releasing the axial freedom of the positioning tube and allowing it to slide along the second fixing hole to adjust the needle insertion depth. When the position is adjusted to the correct position, the tightening element is rotated in the opposite direction, and the tightening element extends into the second fixing hole to abut against the positioning tube to lock it in place. This axially fixes the positioning tube after the three-dimensional posture adjustment is completed, ensuring its stability and positional uniqueness during the operation and avoiding guide deviation caused by intraoperative disturbance.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of a novel minimally invasive fracture surgery positioning and guiding device, a first fixing hole extends along the extension direction of a first movable arm to form a second guide opening, and a second fixing member can be fastened or loosened with the second guide opening so that the first movable arm can slide or rotate relative to the second movable arm along the second guide opening.

[0016] By setting the first fixing hole to extend along the extension direction of the first movable arm to form a second guide port, the second fixing member can be fastened or loosened with the second guide port. When the second fixing member is loosened, the first movable arm can not only achieve circumferential rotation with the help of the second guide port, but also achieve axial sliding with the extension structure of the second guide port. Thus, multi-dimensional position adjustment can be completed in the loose state. After adjustment to the target position, the second fixing member and the second guide port are tightened to form a rigid connection, realizing dual locking of the first movable arm in terms of spatial posture and extension length. This allows the first movable arm to not only slide by loosening the first fixing member, but also achieve compound adjustment of circumferential rotation and sliding by loosening the second fixing member. This expands the adaptability of the device in complex anatomical environments. Especially when making fine adjustments during surgery, the sliding and rotation of the second movable arm can be achieved simply by loosening the first fixing member, thereby quickly adapting to the access angle and depth requirements of different fracture sites, significantly improving intraoperative operation efficiency, helping to further improve surgical accuracy and safety, shorten operation time, and reduce the risk of iatrogenic injury.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of a novel minimally invasive fracture surgery positioning and guiding device, the other end of the second movable arm is provided with a third fixing hole extending radially therefrom, the guide tube passes through the third fixing hole, and a one-way locking element is provided in the third fixing hole so that the guide tube can only move inward.

[0018] The second movable arm has a third fixing hole extending radially from its other end. The guide tube passes through the third fixing hole, connecting the second movable arm and the guide tube. Simultaneously, the third fixing hole contains a one-way locking element that engages with the guide tube. This allows the guide tube to slide axially inward along the third fixing hole after insertion. Once it reaches the desired position, the one-way locking element automatically locks the guide tube to its outer wall, achieving axial positioning, preventing intraoperative retraction, and ensuring the positional stability of the guide tube during operation. This further improves guiding accuracy and operational reliability.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of a novel minimally invasive fracture surgery positioning and guiding device, the one-way locking element is an elastic element located in the second movable arm and a snap-fit ​​element partially exposed in the third fixing hole. The snap-fit ​​element has an inclined guide surface facing outward and a vertical stop surface facing inward. The guide tube has a slot that cooperates with the snap-fit ​​element. There are multiple slots that are spaced apart along the axial direction of the guide tube.

[0020] By configuring a one-way locking element as an elastic element located within the second movable arm and a partially exposed snap-fit ​​element within the third fixation hole, the snap-fit ​​element has an outwardly inclined guide surface and an inwardly vertical stop surface. The guide tube has a slot that mates with the snap-fit ​​element. When the surgeon pushes the guide tube inward, the inclined guide surface of the snap-fit ​​element compresses the elastic element, causing the snap-fit ​​element to temporarily disengage from the third fixation hole, allowing the guide tube to slide smoothly. Once the guide tube is in place and the external force is released, the elastic element resets, pushing the snap-fit ​​element outward again, and its vertical stop surface engages with the slot of the guide tube, preventing the guide tube from retracting outward, thus achieving one-way locking. This ensures that the guide tube maintains a stable position during surgery, avoiding displacement caused by operational vibrations or tissue rebound. Furthermore, multiple slots are provided and spaced along the axial direction of the guide tube, allowing for adjustable guide tube positions to accommodate different fracture depths.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of a novel minimally invasive fracture surgery positioning and guiding device, the guide tube is provided with multiple guide channels extending along its axial direction for guiding Kirschner wires, and the guide channels are arranged in parallel with the same distance between adjacent channels.

[0022] By incorporating multiple guide channels extending axially within the guide tube for guiding Kirschner wires, surgeons can choose any guide channel to insert a single Kirschner wire during surgery if only one wire is needed for fixation. This provides greater flexibility and accommodates different insertion angles, enhancing the adaptability of the procedure. When multiple wires are required for fixation, multiple Kirschner wires can be inserted simultaneously through their respective guide channels. After one wire is inserted, the remaining guide channels can sequentially guide the parallel insertion of other Kirschner wires. The parallel arrangement of the guide channels and the equidistant spacing between adjacent wires ensure uniform spacing and consistent orientation, effectively improving fixation strength and fracture reduction accuracy.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of a novel minimally invasive fracture surgery positioning and guiding device, the guiding channel includes a central tube located at the center of the guiding tube and multiple circumferential tubes surrounding the central tube.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of a novel minimally invasive fracture surgery positioning and guiding device, a second movable arm extends vertically and along its extension direction to form a guiding cavity for accommodating a positioning block. A first guiding port is formed on two opposing cavity walls of the guiding cavity. One side of the positioning block is fastened or loosened to one of the first guiding ports by a first fixing member, and the other side is provided with a guiding protrusion that cooperates with the other first guiding port.

[0025] By configuring the second movable arm to extend vertically and along its extension direction to form a guide cavity for accommodating the positioning block, the first guide port is formed on the two opposing cavity walls of the guide cavity. One side of the positioning block is fastened or loosened to one of the first guide ports by a first fixing member, and the other side is provided with a guide protrusion that cooperates with the other first guide port. This allows the positioning block to slide and adjust along the guide cavity, achieving guidance by the cooperation between the first fixing member and one of the first guide ports, and enhancing movement stability by the sliding cooperation between the guide protrusion and the other first guide port. This enables the positioning block to slide smoothly and be precisely positioned during the operation, avoiding shaking or deviation, and further ensuring the precise control of the Kirschner wire insertion path during the operation, thus improving the safety and efficiency of the operation. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning and guiding device according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a positioning and guiding device according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of section A; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of section B; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning and guiding device from another angle according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning and guiding device after the first movable arm and the second movable arm rotate relative to each other in one embodiment of this application. Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the positioning and guiding device after the relative rotation and movement of the first and second movable arms in one embodiment of this application. Figure 8 This is a reference diagram showing the use of the positioning and guiding device in surgery according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a reference diagram showing the positioning and guiding device in one embodiment of this application, viewed from another angle during surgery. Figure 10 This is a reference diagram showing the positioning and guiding device in use at another angle during surgery according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a reference diagram showing the positioning and guiding device in use at another angle during surgery according to one embodiment of this application.

[0027] List of components and reference numerals: 1-First movable arm, 11-First fixing hole, 111-Second guide opening; 2-Second movable arm, 21-First guide opening, 22-Third fixing hole, 23-Guide cavity; 3-Locking structure, 31-Positioning block, 32-First fixing member, 33-Second fixing member; 4-Connecting member, 41-Fixing part, 411-Second fixing hole, 42-Moving part; 5-Fastener; 6-Tightening member; 7-Matching member; 8-One-way locking member, 81-Snap-fit ​​member, 811-Guide surface, 812-Stop surface, 82-Elastic member; 9-Positioning tube; 10-Guide tube. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of this application, a detailed explanation is provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0030] Furthermore, it should be understood in the description of this application that the terms "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0031] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the "above" or "below" of the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this invention provides a novel positioning and guiding device for minimally invasive fracture surgery, including a positioning tube 9, a guiding tube 10, and an arc-shaped movable arm. The arc-shaped movable arm includes a first movable arm 1 and a second movable arm 2 movably connected to the first movable arm 1. One end of the first movable arm 1 and the second movable arm 2 are movably connected by a locking structure 3. The other ends of the first movable arm 1 and the second movable arm 2 are respectively provided with a positioning tube 9 and a guiding tube 10. The second movable arm 2 is provided with a first guiding opening 21 arranged along its extension direction. The first movable arm 1, the second movable arm 2, and the first guiding opening 21 are all arc-shaped and have the same center. The first movable arm 1 is provided with a fixing hole. The locking structure 3 includes a positioning block 31, a first fixing member 32 for fastening or loosening the positioning block 31 to the first guiding opening 21, and a second fixing member 33 for fastening or loosening the positioning block 31 to the first fixing hole 11, so that the first movable arm 1 has a sliding state and a rotating state. The first movable arm 1 is in a sliding state, and the first fixing member 32 is loose from the first guide port 21, so that the positioning block 31 can slide along the first guide port 21 and drive the first movable arm 1 to slide along the first guide port 21. The first movable arm 1 is in a rotating state, and the second fixing member 33 is loose from the first fixing hole 11, so that the first movable arm 1 can rotate relative to the second movable arm 2.

[0034] This application provides a positioning tube 9, a guide tube 10, and an arc-shaped movable arm in the aforementioned device. One end of the first movable arm 1 and the second movable arm 2 are movably connected by a locking structure 3. The other ends of the first movable arm 1 and the second movable arm 2 are respectively provided with a positioning tube 9 and a guide tube 10. Figures 8 to 11 As shown, this allows doctors to fix the locking structure 3 after moving the first movable arm 1 and the second movable arm 2 to a reasonable position during surgery, thereby stabilizing the spatial position of the positioning tube 9 and the guide tube 10. The positioning tube 9 is used to fix the patient's bone tissue, and the guide tube 10 is used to provide a precise entry path for surgical instruments, ensuring that the minimally invasive operation at the fracture site is accurate and stable, reducing damage to surrounding tissues, and improving surgical efficiency and safety.

[0035] Meanwhile, the second movable arm 2 is provided with a first guide port 21 arranged along its extension direction, and the first movable arm 1 is provided with a fixing hole. The locking structure 3 includes a positioning block 31, a first fixing member 32 that fastens or loosens the positioning block 31 to the first guide port 21, and a second fixing member 33 that fastens or loosens the positioning block 31 to the first fixing hole 11, so that the first movable arm 1 has a sliding state and a rotating state. That is to say, when the doctor performs minimally invasive surgery through this device, he can control the first movable arm 1 to switch between the sliding state and the rotating state by adjusting the first fixing member 32 and the second fixing member 33, so as to achieve multi-dimensional flexible adjustment. On the one hand, when the needle insertion point, that is, the end of the guide tube 10, and the positioning tube 9 for positioning bone tissue cannot be on the same plane, the doctor can, according to the actual surgical needs, loosen the first fixing member 32 so that the first movable arm 1 can be in the sliding state. The first guide port 21 adjusts the position of the first movable arm 1, thereby changing the spatial coordinates of the guide tube 10. After sliding to the appropriate position, the first fixing member 32 is re-locked, and then the second fixing member 33 is loosened so that the second movable arm 2 is in a rotating state, allowing it to rotate relative to the first movable arm 1. The spatial angle of the guide tube 10 is further adjusted so that it can be accurately aligned with the target bone tissue. Then the second fixing member 33 is locked to achieve precise positioning in three-dimensional space. After fixing the positioning tube 9 to the bone tissue, the surgical instruments can be guided into the predetermined trajectory through the guide tube 10 to ensure that the screw or guide needle is accurately implanted into the target position. Specifically, if the patient's needle insertion point is on the front, but the fixing point can only be located on the side, then the first movable arm 1 and the second movable arm 2 need to be adjusted in both axial and circumferential directions to ensure that the positioning tube 9 and the guide tube 10 can be located in the preset position. Throughout the process, the dual adjustment mechanism of the movable arm effectively improves the degree of freedom of operation and positioning accuracy, making it particularly suitable for minimally invasive orthopedic surgery under complex anatomical structures. When faced with large-area fractures or fractures with multi-plane displacement, it can achieve the optimal match between the approach angle and the fixation point through the coordinated adjustment of sliding and rotation, without the need for large-area incision exposure, significantly reducing surgical trauma. On the other hand, when multiple points of fixation are required at the same fracture site, such as Figure 7 As shown, the surgeon can keep the positioning tube 9 in place and adjust the direction and depth of the guide tube 10 sequentially by adjusting the sliding and rotational state of the first movable arm 1. This allows for the precise implantation of multiple screws or guide pins at different angles, avoiding bone tissue damage caused by repeated positioning. It significantly reduces the number of intraoperative adjustments and radiation exposure time, improving surgical safety and efficiency. This not only effectively shortens the operation time but also reduces the cumulative radiation dose caused by frequent fluoroscopy to confirm the position, further protecting the health of both doctors and patients. Simultaneously, it reduces postoperative pain and recovery burden for patients, improving overall treatment outcomes. This design, through a precise mechanical linkage mechanism, achieves accurate three-dimensional spatial positioning and dynamic adjustment of the guide tube 10, providing an efficient, precise, and safe solution for complex orthopedic surgeries.

[0036] It should be noted that this application does not specifically limit the structure of the first fastener 32 and the second fastener 33. As one preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the positioning block 31 has a first threaded hole facing the first guide opening 21. The first fixing member 32 includes a first knob with an outer diameter larger than the first guide opening 21 and a first threaded post extending outward from the first knob. The first threaded post passes through the first guide opening 21 and engages with the first threaded hole. Locking and loosening are achieved through the engagement of the first threaded post and the first threaded hole, thereby achieving the fastening or loosening of the positioning block 31 and the second movable arm 2, so that the positioning block 31 can slide or be fastened along the first guide opening 21 with the first movable arm 1. The second fixing member 33 includes a second knob with an outer diameter larger than the second guide opening 111 and a second threaded post extending outward from the second knob. The positioning block 31 has a second threaded hole facing the second guide opening 111. The second threaded post passes through the second guide opening 111 and engages with the second threaded hole. Fastening or loosening between the positioning block 31 and the first movable arm 1 is achieved by rotating the second knob, so that the first movable arm 1 can rotate relative to the positioning block 31, thereby achieving circumferential adjustment of the first movable arm 1 relative to the second movable arm 2. Further, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the positioning block 31 can also be provided with a through hole. On the other side of the positioning block 31 opposite to the second fixing member 33, there is a mating member 7. The mating member 7 is provided with a threaded sleeve on the side facing the second fixing member 33. The second threaded post passes through the second guide port 111 and the through hole in sequence and then engages with the threaded sleeve.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7As shown, the other end of the first movable arm 1 is connected to a connector 4, the positioning tube 9 is fixed to the connector 4, and the connector 4 can be fastened to the first movable arm 1 or rotate relative to the first movable arm 1 so that the positioning tube 9 can be fastened to or rotate relative to the first movable arm 1.

[0038] By connecting a connector 4 to the other end of the first movable arm 1, the positioning tube 9 is fixed to the connector 4, and the connector 4 can be fastened to the first movable arm 1 or rotate relative to the first movable arm 1, so that the positioning tube 9 can be fastened to or rotate relative to the first movable arm 1. This allows the positioning tube 9 to not only achieve independent adjustment of its spatial position and angle by switching between sliding and rotating states, but also to further fine-tune the tilt angle of the guide tube 10 by the relative rotation between the connector 4 and the first movable arm 1, thereby achieving secondary fine-tuning of the spatial posture and further improving the matching accuracy between the positioning tube 9 and the bone tissue. This further ensures the accuracy and stability of the guide tube 10's guiding path, especially in high-precision scenarios such as periarticular fractures or intramedullary nail implantation, significantly enhancing surgical operability.

[0039] It should be noted that this application does not specifically limit the structure of connector 4. As one preferred embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the connector 4 includes a movable part 42 that cooperates with the first movable arm 1 and a fixed part 41 that is connected to the movable part 42. The movable part 42 is spherical and is fastened or loosened to the first movable arm 1 by fasteners 5. The positioning tube 9 passes through the fixed part 41 and can slide relative to the fixed part 41 along its axial direction.

[0040] By configuring the connector 4 to include a movable part 42 that cooperates with the first movable arm 1 and a fixed part 41 connected to the movable part 42, the movable part 42 is spherical and is fastened or loosened to the first movable arm 1 by fasteners 5. When the fasteners 5 are loosened, the movable part 42 can rotate freely within the first movable arm 1. The spherical movable part 42 allows the positioning tube 9 to adjust its angle arbitrarily in three-dimensional space, enabling the positioning tube 9 to achieve free adjustment without dead angles in three-dimensional space, further improving the positioning and fixation accuracy of the positioning tube 9 and bone tissue, and thus further improving the accuracy and stability of subsequent surgeries. At the same time, the positioning tube 9 passes through the fixed part 41 and can slide relative to the fixed part 41 along its axial direction. This allows the positioning tube 9 to not only achieve free adjustment of its three-dimensional posture through the spherical movable part 42, but also to slide along the axial direction of the fixed part 41 to adapt to the needle insertion depth requirements of different fracture locations, achieving more precise positioning with greater spatial freedom, and providing highly flexible adaptability for different anatomical structures and surgical approaches.

[0041] Specifically, such as Figure 3As shown, the end of the first movable arm 1 is provided with an outwardly extending third threaded post, and the top surface of the third threaded post is provided with an arc-shaped concave surface. The fastener 5 is provided with a third threaded hole that mates with the third threaded post, and the top of the threaded hole is provided with a spherical cavity that mates with the arc-shaped concave surface to form a spherical movable part 42. The movable part 42 and the fixed part 41 are connected by a connecting rod. The top surface of the spherical cavity is provided with a through hole for the connecting rod to pass through. When the fastener 5 is tightened, the fastener 5 moves toward the third threaded post, and the spherical cavity squeezes the spherical movable part 42, making the spherical movable part 42 unable to move, thereby locking and fixing the connecting part 4. When the fastener 5 is loosened, the spherical movable part 42 regains its degree of freedom in the cavity, which is convenient for adjusting the spatial orientation of the positioning tube 9.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the fixing part 41 is provided with a through second fixing hole 411, the positioning tube 9 is inserted into the second fixing hole 411, and the connecting member 4 also includes a tightening member 6. The tightening member 6 can be moved to extend into the second fixing hole 411 and abut against the positioning tube 9 or move away from the positioning tube 9 so that the positioning tube 9 can slide along the second fixing hole 411.

[0043] By configuring the connector 4 to also include a tightening member 6, and the tightening member 6 being movable to extend into the second fixing hole 411 and abut against or move away from the positioning tube 9 so that the positioning tube 9 can slide along the second fixing hole 411, when the doctor needs to make axial adjustments to the positioning tube 9, the tightening member 6 is rotated outward to remove it from the outer wall of the positioning tube 9, thereby releasing the axial freedom of the positioning tube 9 and allowing it to slide along the second fixing hole 411 to adjust the needle insertion depth; when the position is adjusted to the correct position, the tightening member 6 is rotated in the opposite direction, and the tightening member 6 extends into the second fixing hole 411 to abut against the positioning tube 9 to achieve locking, thereby axially fixing the positioning tube 9 after the three-dimensional posture adjustment is completed, ensuring its stability and positional uniqueness during the operation, and avoiding guide deviation caused by intraoperative disturbance.

[0044] Specifically, the tightening member 6 includes a knob section exposed outside the fixing part 41 and an abutting section extending into the second fixing hole 411. The abutting section is provided with external threads, and the inner wall of the second fixing hole 411 is provided with matching internal threads. The tightening member 6 achieves the extension and retraction movement of the abutting section in the second fixing hole 411 by rotation, thereby controlling the clamping and release of the positioning tube 9.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1As shown, the first fixing hole 11 extends along the extension direction of the first movable arm 1 to form a second guide opening 111. The second fixing member 33 can be fastened or loosened with the second guide opening 111 so that the first movable arm 1 can slide or rotate relative to the second movable arm 2 along the second guide opening 111.

[0046] By setting the first fixing hole 11 to extend along the extension direction of the first movable arm 1 to form a second guide opening 111, the second fixing member 33 can be fastened or loosened with the second guide opening 111. When the second fixing member 33 is loosened, the first movable arm 1 can not only achieve circumferential rotation with the help of the second guide opening 111, but also achieve axial sliding with the help of the extension structure of the second guide opening 111. Thus, multi-dimensional position adjustment can be completed in the loosened state. After adjustment to the target position, the second fixing member 33 is tightened to form a rigid connection with the second guide opening 111, realizing the spatial posture and extension length of the first movable arm 1. The device employs a dual locking mechanism, allowing the first movable arm 1 to slide not only by loosening the first fixation member 32 but also by loosening the second fixation member 33, enabling a combined adjustment of circumferential rotation and sliding. This expands the device's adaptability in complex anatomical environments. In particular, during surgical fine-tuning, the second movable arm 2 can slide and rotate simply by loosening the first fixation member 32, allowing for rapid adaptation to the approach angle and depth requirements of different fracture sites. This significantly improves intraoperative efficiency, further enhancing surgical precision and safety, shortening operation time, and reducing the risk of iatrogenic injury.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the other end of the second movable arm 2 is provided with a third fixing hole 22 extending radially therein. The guide tube 10 passes through the third fixing hole 22, and a one-way locking member 8 is provided in the third fixing hole 22 so that the guide tube 10 can only move inward.

[0048] The second movable arm 2 has a third fixing hole 22 extending radially from its other end. The guide tube 10 passes through the third fixing hole 22, thus connecting the second movable arm 2 and the guide tube 10. Simultaneously, the third fixing hole 22 contains a one-way locking element 8 that cooperates with the guide tube 10. This allows the guide tube 10 to slide axially inward along the third fixing hole 22 after insertion. Once it reaches a suitable position, the one-way locking element 8 automatically locks the outer wall of the guide tube 10, achieving axial positioning, preventing intraoperative retraction, and ensuring the positional stability of the guide tube 10 during operation, thereby further improving guiding accuracy and operational reliability.

[0049] It should be noted that this application does not specifically limit the structure of the one-way locking element 8. As one preferred embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the one-way locking member 8 is an elastic member 82 located inside the second movable arm 2 and a snap-fit ​​member 81 partially exposed in the third fixing hole 22. The snap-fit ​​member 81 has an inclined guide surface 811 facing outward and a vertical stop surface 812 facing inward. The guide tube 10 has a slot that cooperates with the snap-fit ​​member 81. There are multiple slots and they are spaced apart along the axial direction of the guide tube 10.

[0050] By configuring the one-way locking element 8 as an elastic element 82 located within the second movable arm 2 and a latching element 81 partially exposed within the third fixing hole 22, the latching element 81 has an outwardly inclined guide surface 811 and an inwardly vertical stop surface 812. The guide tube 10 has a groove that mates with the latching element 81. When the doctor pushes the guide tube 10 inward, the inclined guide surface 811 of the latching element 81 compresses the elastic element 82, causing the latching element 81 to temporarily disengage from the third fixing hole 22, allowing the guide tube 10 to slide smoothly. When the guide tube 10 is in place and the external force is released, the elastic element 82 resets, pushing the latching element 81 to protrude again, and its vertical stop surface 812 engages in the groove of the guide tube 10, preventing the guide tube 10 from retracting outward, thus achieving one-way locking. This ensures that the guide tube 10 maintains a stable position during the operation, avoiding displacement caused by operational vibration or tissue rebound. Meanwhile, multiple slots are provided and spaced apart along the axial direction of the guide tube 10, so as to realize the graded adjustment of the guide tube 10 at multiple positions to meet the needs of different fracture depths.

[0051] It should be noted that the structure for limiting the guide tube 10 is not limited to the one-way locking member 8 mentioned above. It can also be the tightening member 6 for positioning the positioning tube 9, as described above. By tightening the outer wall of the guide tube 10 with the tightening member 6, the position is locked. This structure can also effectively prevent the guide tube 10 from sliding during surgery, improving operational stability. Different locking methods can be flexibly selected according to actual surgical needs to adapt to various clinical scenarios, ensuring reliable positioning of instruments in complex surgical environments, and further guaranteeing surgical safety and efficiency.

[0052] Meanwhile, when it is necessary to pull the guide tube 10 outward from the third fixing hole 22, one method is to apply an inward force to move the guide tube 10 inward and pull it outward from the other side of the guide tube 10, thereby separating the guide tube 10 from the third fixing hole 22; another method is to rotate the guide tube 10 to make the slot of the guide tube 10 misalign with the locking member 81, thereby releasing the locking state, at which time the guide tube 10 can be pulled outward along the axial direction.

[0053] It should be noted that this application does not specifically limit the structure of the guide tube 10. As one preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the guide tube 10 has multiple guide channels extending along its axial direction for guiding Kirschner wires. The guide channels are arranged in parallel and the distance between adjacent channels is the same.

[0054] By providing multiple guide channels extending axially within the guide tube 10 for guiding Kirschner wires, surgeons can choose any guide channel to insert a single Kirschner wire during surgery if only one wire needs to be fixed. This provides greater flexibility and meets the needs of different insertion angles, enhancing the flexibility of the surgical procedure. When multiple wires need to be fixed, multiple Kirschner wires can be inserted simultaneously through their respective guide channels. After one Kirschner wire is inserted, the remaining guide channels can sequentially guide other Kirschner wires to be inserted in parallel. The guide channels are parallel and the distance between adjacent channels is the same, ensuring uniform spacing and consistent direction of the Kirschner wires, effectively improving fixation strength and fracture reduction accuracy.

[0055] Furthermore, such as Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, the guide channel includes a central tube located at the center of the guide tube 10 and multiple circumferential tubes surrounding the central tube.

[0056] Preferably, such as Figure 9 , Figure 10 As shown, there are a total of seven tubes, including one central tube and six circumferential tubes, evenly spaced around the outer periphery of the central tube. It should be noted that the dimensions of the guide tube 10, the central tube, and the circumferential tubes are not unique. The diameters of the central tube and the circumferential tubes can be 1mm, 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, or 3mm. When selecting different central tubes and circumferential tubes, matching guide tubes 10 are also selected simultaneously, thus adapting to all diameter requirements of minimally invasive internal fixation surgery of the upper limbs and improving the applicability of the device.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second movable arm 2 extends vertically and along its extension direction to form a guide cavity 23 for accommodating the positioning block 31. The first guide opening 21 is formed on two opposing cavity walls of the guide cavity 23. One side of the positioning block 31 is fastened or loosened to one of the first guide openings 21 by the first fixing member 32, and the other side is provided with a guide protrusion that cooperates with the other first guide opening 21.

[0058] By configuring the second movable arm 2 to extend vertically and along its extension direction to form a guide cavity 23 for accommodating the positioning block 31, the first guide port 21 is formed on the two opposing cavity walls of the guide cavity 23. One side of the positioning block 31 is fastened or loosened to one of the first guide ports 21 by the first fixing member 32, and the other side is provided with a guide protrusion that cooperates with the other first guide port 21. When the positioning block 31 slides and adjusts along the guide cavity 23, it can be guided by the cooperation of the first fixing member 32 with one of the first guide ports 21, and the sliding cooperation of the guide protrusion with the other first guide port 21 enhances the stability of movement. Thus, the positioning block 31 can be smoothly slid and accurately positioned during the operation, avoiding shaking or deviation, further ensuring the precise control of the Kirschner wire insertion path during the operation, and improving the safety and efficiency of the operation.

[0059] This application also protects a method of using the above-mentioned positioning and guiding device for minimally invasive surgery of upper limb fractures. Specifically, when using the device, the doctor first needs to determine the needle insertion point and positioning point of the surgery, and then determine the relative position of the first movable arm 1 and the second movable arm 2. Then, by loosening the first fixation member 32 and the second fixation member 33, the doctor slides and rotates the first movable arm 1 or the second movable arm 2 to the target position, and then locks the first fixation member 32 and the second fixation member 33 to fix their relative position. Then, the end of the positioning tube 9 is fixedly attached to the bone tissue to fix the device. After aligning the guide tube 10 with the needle insertion position, the Kirschner wire is inserted along the guide channel. If the insertion direction or angle of the guide tube 10 needs to be moved during surgery, the second fixing member 33 can be loosened, allowing the second movable arm 2 to rotate around the first movable arm 1 or slide along the second guide port 111. Simultaneously, the connecting member 4 can be loosened, allowing the first movable arm 1 to rotate slightly, thereby enabling fine-tuning of the second movable arm 2. This precisely adjusts the spatial posture of the guide tube 10, ensuring it accurately adapts to the constantly changing insertion requirements during surgery, ultimately achieving precise multi-angle and multi-directional insertion of the Kirschner wire. Of course, the initial positioning of the first movable arm 1 and the second movable arm 2 is not limited to the above steps. Alternatively, the positioning tube 9 can be pre-fixed to the bone tissue, and the relative positions of the first movable arm 1 and the second movable arm 2 can be flexibly adjusted based on the insertion point, thus completing the spatial positioning of the guide tube 10. This also ensures the accuracy of the Kirschner wire insertion path and the flexibility of the operation.

[0060] For any parts not mentioned in this application, existing technologies may be used or referenced.

[0061] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0062] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A novel positioning and guiding device for minimally invasive fracture surgery, characterized in that, The device includes a positioning tube, a guide tube, and an arc-shaped movable arm. The arc-shaped movable arm includes a first movable arm and a second movable arm movably connected to the first movable arm. One end of the first movable arm and the second movable arm are movably connected by a locking structure. The other end of the first movable arm and the second movable arm are respectively provided with the positioning tube and the guide tube. The second movable arm has a first guide opening arranged along its extension direction. The first movable arm, the second movable arm, and the first guide opening are all arc-shaped and have the same center. The first movable arm has a first fixing hole. The locking structure includes a positioning block, a first fixing member for fastening or loosening the positioning block to the first guide opening, and a second fixing member for fastening or loosening the positioning block to the first fixing hole, so that the first movable arm has a sliding state and a rotating state. The first movable arm is in the sliding state, and the first fixing member is loose from the first guide port, so that the positioning block can slide along the first guide port and drive the first movable arm to slide along the first guide port; The first movable arm is in the rotating state, and the second fixing member is loose from the first fixing hole, so that the first movable arm can rotate relative to the second movable arm.

2. The novel fracture minimally invasive surgery positioning and guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other end of the first movable arm is connected to a connector, the positioning tube is fixed to the connector, and the connector can be fastened to the first movable arm or rotate relative to the first movable arm so that the positioning tube can be fastened to or rotate relative to the first movable arm.

3. The novel fracture minimally invasive surgery positioning and guiding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connector includes a movable part that cooperates with the first movable arm and a fixed part that is connected to the movable part. The movable part is spherical and is fastened or loosened to the first movable arm by fasteners. The positioning tube passes through the fixed part and can slide relative to the fixed part along its axial direction.

4. The novel fracture minimally invasive surgery positioning and guiding device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing part is provided with a through-hole, the positioning tube passes through the second fixing hole, and the connector also includes a tightening member. The tightening member is movable to extend into the second fixing hole and abut against the positioning tube or move away from the positioning tube so that the positioning tube can slide along the second fixing hole.

5. The novel minimally invasive fracture surgery positioning and guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fixing hole extends along the extension direction of the first movable arm to form a second guide opening. The second fixing member can be fastened or loosened with the second guide opening so that the first movable arm can slide or rotate relative to the second movable arm along the second guide opening.

6. The novel fracture minimally invasive surgery positioning and guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other end of the second movable arm is provided with a third fixing hole extending radially therein. The guide tube passes through the third fixing hole, and the third fixing hole is provided with a one-way locking member that cooperates with the guide tube, so that the guide tube can only move inward.

7. A novel minimally invasive fracture surgery positioning and guiding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The one-way locking member is an elastic member located inside the second movable arm and a snap-fit ​​member partially exposed in the third fixing hole. The snap-fit ​​member has an inclined guide surface facing outward and a vertical stop surface facing inward. The guide tube has a slot that mates with the snap-fit ​​member. There are multiple slots that are spaced apart along the axial direction of the guide tube.

8. The novel fracture minimally invasive surgery positioning and guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide tube is provided with multiple guide channels extending along its axial direction for guiding Kirschner wires. The guide channels are arranged in parallel and the distance between adjacent channels is the same.

9. A novel minimally invasive fracture surgery positioning and guiding device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The guide channel includes a central tube located at the center of the guide tube and multiple circumferential tubes surrounding the central tube.

10. A novel minimally invasive fracture surgery positioning and guiding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second movable arm extends vertically and along its extension direction to form a guide cavity for accommodating the positioning block. The first guide opening is formed on two opposing cavity walls of the guide cavity. One side of the positioning block is fastened or loosened to one of the first guide openings by the first fixing member, and the other side is provided with a guide protrusion that cooperates with the other first guide opening.

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