Photoelastic experimental device with self-adaptive fitting loading of contact surface

Abstract

The invention discloses a photoelastic experimental device with a self-adaptive attached loading contact surface, which comprises a cabinet, and also comprises: a test unit, which comprises a bearing frame installed at the upper end of the cabinet, and a sample container installed in the bearing frame and used for bearing a sample; the loading unit comprises a vertical loading assembly which is arranged at the upper part of the bearing frame and is used for carrying out a vertical extrusion test on the sample in the sample container, and a horizontal loading assembly which is arranged on one side of the bearing frame and is used for carrying out horizontal extrusion on the sample in the sample container; and the vertical loading assembly comprises a pressing compensation mechanism used for pressing the sample in the concave area. The pressing compensation mechanism is rotated, and the pressing compensation mechanism fills the concave area, so that the vertical loading assembly can perform extrusion test with the concave area of the photoelastic particles, the photoelastic particles are ensured to be uniformly pressed, and the experiment accuracy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of coal seam mining simulation experimental devices, specifically a photoelastic experimental device for adaptive bonding loading of the contact surface. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mining engineering, the movement and fracture patterns of the overlying strata after coal seam excavation are core research topics for ensuring mine safety and optimizing roof control schemes. As mining depth and scale increase, the evolution of overlying stress becomes increasingly complex, and its fracture instability can easily lead to disasters such as roof collapse. Accurately revealing the stress path, movement characteristics, and fracture mechanics of the overlying strata has become a key issue that mining engineering urgently needs to address. However, in the operation of existing photoelastic experimental devices, the particles cannot be directly lowered according to the selected position, and only limited parameters such as macroscopic displacement and stress can be obtained, which cannot capture the dynamic evolution of the stress field inside the particles; numerical simulation relies on preset constitutive models and boundary conditions, making it difficult to truly reproduce the formation and failure of contact force chains between particles, resulting in insufficient explanation of the microscopic mechanism of overburden fracture. In addition, in the existing photoelastic experimental device, during the particle release process of simulating coal seam excavation, the limited fluidity of the particles makes it impossible to completely fill the depression area. A "delamination zone" is easily formed between the loading plate above the release port and the remaining particles, which causes some areas of the vertical loading plate to be unable to fit tightly with the particles, resulting in uneven external force transmission, disrupting the continuity of the contact force chain, causing stress field distortion, and affecting the accuracy of the experiment. This phenomenon is even more difficult to avoid in large-scale overburden photoelastic models. Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is necessary to propose a new simulation test device to help reveal the evolution law of micro-stress in overburden and the fracture mechanism, so as to provide experimental basis for promoting the development of coal mining safety technology.

[0003] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of the present invention and does not represent an admission that the above content is the closest prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photoelastic experimental device with adaptive contact surface loading, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art of the prior art photoelastic experimental device that cannot capture the dynamic evolution of the stress field inside the particle during the experiment, the numerical simulation relies on the preset constitutive model and boundary conditions, making it difficult to realistically reproduce the formation and failure of the contact force chain between particles, and the particles cannot completely fill the depression area during the flow process, resulting in stress field distortion and affecting the accuracy of the experiment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A photoelastic experimental device for adaptive bonding loading of contact surfaces includes a cabinet and further includes: The test unit includes a support frame installed at the top of the cabinet, and a sample container for holding the sample is installed inside the support frame. The loading unit includes a vertical loading component located on the upper part of the bearing frame for performing a vertical compression test on the sample in the sample container, and a horizontal loading component located on one side of the bearing frame for performing a horizontal compression test on the sample in the sample container. The vertical loading assembly includes a pressure compensation mechanism for pressing down on the sample in the recessed area.

[0006] Furthermore, the sample container also includes: The door hinge is vertically fixed inside the load-bearing frame near one side, and the sample container is rotatably connected to the outside of the door hinge; A glass panel is installed at the front end of the sample container to observe the experimental process inside the sample container. A horizontal through-hole is provided at the upper end of the sample container to guide the vertical loading assembly into the sample container. A vertical through-hole is provided on one side of the sample container to guide the horizontal loading assembly into the sample container.

[0007] Furthermore, a horizontal baffle is provided at the front end of the sample container and below the glass panel for transferring the sample inside the sample container out. Multiple sets of horizontal baffles are continuously provided at equal intervals; The horizontal baffle is fastened to the front end of the sample container by the first fixing bolt; The horizontal through-hole of the container, the vertical through-hole of the container, and the corresponding slots in the horizontal baffle are all interconnected.

[0008] Furthermore, the vertical loading component includes: A pressure box is located above the supporting frame; The upper limit column is provided in six sets, of which four sets are fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing frame, and two sets are fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressure box near both sides. The upper support platform is slidably sleeved on the upper side of the upper limit post. The upper end of the upper limit post is fixedly connected with an upper limit nut for limiting the upper support platform. The upper support platform is provided with a first through hole for accommodating and guiding the upper limit post. The first through hole corresponds one-to-one with the upper limit post. The support plate is slidably sleeved on the outside of the two sets of upper limit columns corresponding to the upper end of the pressure box. The lower end of the support plate is fastened to the upper end of the downward pressure compensation mechanism by the third fixing bolt. An upper electric cylinder is installed at the upper end of the upper support platform. The drive end of the upper electric cylinder is connected to the support plate through a second fixing bolt, and is used to provide power for pressing down the sample.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical loading component also includes: T-shaped comb teeth are slidably inserted into the upper end of the support frame. The upper end of the support frame is provided with a horizontal through groove for extending the T-shaped comb teeth from the outside of the support frame to the inside of the support frame. A pouch, filled between the pressure compensation mechanism and the top of the T-shaped comb teeth, is used to regionally disperse the downward pressure concentrated by the pressure compensation mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, the downward pressure compensation mechanism includes: The pressure plate is slidably inserted into the inside of the pressure box, and multiple sets of the pressure plate are arranged in sequence at equal intervals. A pressure plate, fixedly connected to the lower end of the pressure plate, is used to press down the bag; A spring, sleeved on the outside of the pressure plate and located between the pressure plate and the lower end of the pressure box, is used to pre-compress the bladder through the pressure plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the downward pressure compensation mechanism also includes: An advance bolt is threadedly connected inside the pressure plate, and the pressure plate has a threaded hole that matches the advance bolt for adjusting the pressure plate by raising or lowering it. A limiting rod is fixedly connected to the outside of the pressure plate, and a limiting groove is provided inside the pressure box and on the outside of the limiting rod to guide and limit the movement of the limiting rod. The limiting block is fixedly connected to the outside of the push bolt and located above the pressure plate; The limiting cover is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressure box and located outside the push bolt, and is used to tighten and limit the limiting block.

[0012] Furthermore, the horizontal loading component includes: A loading plate is slidably inserted into one side of the supporting frame, and the side of the supporting frame is provided with a vertical through groove for guiding the movement of the loading plate. Side limiting post, fixedly connected to one side of the bearing frame and close to the edge of the frame's vertical through groove; A side support platform is slidably sleeved on the outside of the side limiting post, and a side limiting nut for limiting the side support platform is fixedly connected to one end of the side limiting post. A metal gasket is installed on one side of the loading plate; A side electric cylinder is installed on one side of the side support platform. The drive end of the side electric cylinder is connected to a metal washer through a fourth fixing bolt, and is used to push the loading plate through the metal washer.

[0013] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is provided at the lower end of the T-shaped comb teeth to detect the downward pressure of the T-shaped comb teeth on the sample; The upper end of the pressure sensor, located inside the T-shaped comb teeth, is electrically connected to a data transmission line. One side of the pressure chamber is equipped with a pressure signal display device electrically connected to the data transmission line, which is used to display and record the pressure detected by the pressure sensor.

[0014] Furthermore, the horizontal through-hole of the frame is aligned with the horizontal through-hole of the container; The vertical through-hole of the frame is aligned with the vertical through-hole of the container.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention uses a horizontal loading component to laterally press and seal the photoelastic particles inside the sample container. Subsequently, a vertical loading component downwardly presses the photoelastic particles within the sample container, observing the dynamic state of the photoelastic particles at various locations within the sample container. If, at this point, the upper surface of a photoelastic particle separates from the lower part of the vertical loading component due to depression, preventing further downward pressure testing of the depressed area by the vertical loading component, a downward pressure compensation mechanism can be rotated to fill the depressed area. This allows the vertical loading component to perform compression testing on the depressed area of ​​the photoelastic particle, ensuring uniform pressure on the photoelastic particle and improving the accuracy of the experiment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention in Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the first through hole of the present invention on the upper support platform; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of the pressure chamber of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the fit between the pressure box and the T-shaped comb teeth of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the fit between the push bolt and the pressure plate in this invention. Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the fit between the limiting rod and the limiting groove of the present invention. Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the sample container structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the distribution of the horizontal baffles of the present invention on the sample container; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the load-bearing frame structure of the present invention.

[0017] Reference numerals: 100, Cabinet; 1, Test Unit; 11, Bearing Frame; 111, Frame Horizontal Through-groove; 112, Frame Vertical Through-groove; 12, Door Hinge; 13, Sample Container; 131, Container Horizontal Through-groove; 132, Container Vertical Through-groove; 133, Horizontal Baffle; 1331, First Fixing Bolt; 14, Glass Panel; 2, Loading Unit; 21, Vertical Loading Assembly; 211, Pressure Box; 2111, Limiting Groove; 212, Upper Limiting Post; 2121, Upper Limiting Nut; 213, Upper Bearing Platform; 2131, First Through Hole; 214, Upper Electric Cylinder; 2141, Second Fixing Bolt; 215, Support Plate; 2151, ... Three fixing bolts; 2152, second through hole; 216, downward pressure compensation mechanism; 2161, pressure plate; 2162, spring; 2163, push bolt; 2164, pressure plate; 2165, threaded hole; 2166, limit rod; 2167, limit block; 2168, limit cover; 217, bladder; 218, T-shaped comb teeth; 2181, pressure sensor; 2182, data transmission line; 2183, pressure signal display; 22, horizontal loading assembly; 221, loading plate; 222, metal gasket; 223, side electric cylinder; 2231, fourth fixing bolt; 224, side limit post; 2241, side limit nut; 2242, side bearing platform. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figure 1-11 The present invention provides a technical solution: A photoelastic experimental device for adaptive bonding loading of contact surfaces includes a cabinet 100, and further includes: The test unit 1 includes a support frame 11 installed on the upper end of the cabinet 100, and a sample container 13 for holding the sample is installed inside the support frame 11. The loading unit 2 includes a vertical loading component 21 disposed on the upper part of the bearing frame 11 for performing a vertical compression test on the sample in the sample container, and a horizontal loading component 22 disposed on one side of the bearing frame 11 for performing a horizontal compression on the sample in the sample container. The vertical loading component 21 includes a pressure compensation mechanism 216 for pressing down on the sample in the concave area.

[0020] It should be noted that when the photoelastic particles are loaded into the sample container 13 for the experiment, the photoelastic particles in the sample container 13 are side-pressed and sealed by the horizontal loading component 22. Then, the photoelastic particles in the sample container 13 are pressed downward by the vertical loading component 21. The dynamic situation of the photoelastic particles in various parts of the sample container 13 is observed. If, at this time, the upper surface of the photoelastic particle is separated from the bottom of the vertical loading component 21 due to the depression, and the depression area cannot be further pressed down by the vertical loading component 21, the downward pressure compensation mechanism 216 can be rotated to fill the depression area, so that the vertical loading component 21 can also be pressed and tested with the depression area of ​​the photoelastic particle, ensuring that the photoelastic particle is pressed evenly and improving the accuracy of the experiment.

[0021] As an improvement, such as Figure 1 As shown, the sample container 13 further includes: The door hinge 12 is vertically fixed inside the bearing frame 11 near one side, and the sample container 13 is rotatably connected to the outside of the door hinge 12. A glass panel 14 is installed at the front end of the sample container for observing the experimental process inside the sample container. A horizontal through-hole 131 is provided at the upper end of the sample container 13 for guiding the vertical loading component 21 into the sample container 13. A vertical through-hole 132 is provided on one side of the sample container 13 for guiding the horizontal loading assembly 22 into the sample container 13. The sample container 13 is a hollow cuboid metal frame for filling photoelastic particles.

[0022] Furthermore, a horizontal baffle 133 is provided at the front end of the sample container 13 and below the glass panel 14 for transferring the sample inside the sample container 13 out. The horizontal baffles 133 are continuously provided at equal intervals in multiple sets; The horizontal baffle 133 is fastened to the front end of the sample container 13 by the first fixing bolt 1331; The horizontal through groove 131, the vertical through groove 132, and the corresponding grooves in the horizontal baffle 133 of the container are all interconnected.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, the vertical loading component 21 includes: Pressure box 211 is located above the bearing frame 11; The upper limit column 212 is provided with six sets, of which four sets are fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing frame 11, and two sets are fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressure box 211 near both sides. The upper support platform 213 is slidably sleeved on the upper side of the upper limit post 212. The upper end of the upper limit post 212 is fixedly connected with an upper limit nut 2121 for limiting the upper support platform 213. The upper support platform 213 is provided with a first through hole 2131 for accommodating and guiding the upper limit post 212. The first through hole 2131 corresponds one-to-one with the upper limit post 212. The support plate 215 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the two sets of upper limit posts 212 corresponding to the upper end of the pressure box 211. The lower end of the support plate 215 is fastened to the upper end of the downward pressure compensation mechanism 216 by the third fixing bolt 2151. The support plate 215 has a second through hole 2152 near both ends for accommodating and guiding the upper limit post 212; An upper electric cylinder 214 is installed on the upper end of the upper support platform 213. The drive end of the upper electric cylinder 214 is connected to the support plate 215 through the second fixing bolt 2141, and is used to provide power for pressing down the sample.

[0024] As an improvement, such as Figure 1-2 , Figure 6 As shown, the vertical loading component 21 further includes: T-shaped comb teeth 218 are slidably inserted into the upper end of the support frame 11. The upper end of the support frame 11 is provided with a frame horizontal through groove 111 for extending the T-shaped comb teeth 218 from the outside of the support frame to the inside of the support frame. The bag 217 is filled between the top of the pressure compensation mechanism 216 and the T-shaped comb teeth 218 to regionally disperse the downward pressure concentrated by the pressure compensation mechanism 216.

[0025] Furthermore, the downward pressure compensation mechanism 216 includes: Pressure plate 2161 is slidably inserted into the inside of pressure box 211, and multiple sets of pressure plate 2161 are arranged in sequence at equal intervals. Pressure plate 2164 is fixedly connected to the lower end of pressure plate 2161 and is used to press down on bag 217; Spring 2162 is sleeved on the outside of pressure plate 2161 and located between pressure plate 2164 and the lower end of pressure box 211, and is used to pre-compress bag 217 through pressure plate 2161.

[0026] Furthermore, such as Figure 7-8 As shown, the downward pressure compensation mechanism 216 further includes: The push bolt 2163 is threadedly connected inside the pressure plate 2161. The pressure plate 2161 has a threaded hole 2165 that is adapted to the push bolt 2163 for adjusting the pressure plate 2161 by raising and lowering. A limiting rod 2166 is fixedly connected to the outside of the pressure plate 2161. The pressure box 211 is provided with a limiting groove 2111 inside and outside the limiting rod 2166 for guiding and limiting the movement of the limiting rod 2166. The limiting block 2167 is fixedly connected to the outside of the push bolt 2163 and located above the pressure plate 2161; The limiting cover 2168 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressure box 211 and located outside the push bolt 2163, and is used to tighten and limit the limiting block 2167.

[0027] Among them, such as Figure 1 As shown, the horizontal loading component 22 includes: The loading plate 221 is slidably inserted into one side of the bearing frame 11, and the side of the bearing frame 11 is provided with a vertical through groove 112 for guiding the movement of the loading plate 221. Side limiting post 224 is fixedly connected to one side of the bearing frame 11 and close to the edge of the vertical through groove 112 of the frame; The side support platform 2242 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the side limiting post 224, and one end of the side limiting post 224 is fixedly connected to a side limiting nut 2241 for limiting the side support platform 2242; Metal gasket 222 is installed on one side of the loading plate 221; A side electric cylinder 223 is installed on one side of the side support platform 2242. The drive end of the side electric cylinder 223 is connected to a metal washer 222 via a fourth fixing bolt 2231, and is used to push the loading plate 221 through the metal washer 222.

[0028] As an improvement, a pressure sensor 2181 is provided at the lower end of the T-shaped comb teeth 218 for detecting the downward pressure of the T-shaped comb teeth 218 on the sample; The upper end of the pressure sensor 2181, located inside the T-shaped comb tooth 218, is electrically connected to a data transmission line 2182. One side of the pressure tank 211 is provided with a pressure signal display 2183 electrically connected to the data transmission line 2182, which is used to display and record the pressure detected by the pressure sensor 2181.

[0029] Furthermore, the horizontal through-hole 111 of the frame is aligned with the horizontal through-hole 131 of the container; The vertical through groove 112 of the frame is aligned with the vertical through groove 132 of the container.

[0030] It should be added that: the main body of the device in this experiment is set in a polarization field, which consists of a polarizing mirror, a quarter-wave plate, a light source, etc. During the experiment, by adjusting the downward pressure compensation mechanism 216, the lower end of the T-shaped comb 218 can be made to fit with the photoelastic particles in different depression areas, so as to achieve uniform loading in the vertical direction. A camera is used to take pictures through the polarizing mirror, and the pictures are imported into MATLAB software. A program is written to extract the picture information, thereby extracting the force chain information, quantifying and analyzing the stress field change characteristics, accurately revealing the correspondence between mining stress and displacement during the fracture of the overlying strata of the coal seam, and providing a basis for its instability and disaster mechanism.

[0031] It should be noted that: in the specific implementation process of this invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, first, the sample container 13 is rotated out, and the long groove of the cavity of the sample container 13 is sealed by the horizontal baffle 133. Then, the vertical through groove 132 of the container is sealed with tape to a suitable height. Circular photoelastic particles are filled into the horizontal through groove 131 of the container, and a steel ruler is used to flatten and compact the photoelastic particles by extending from the side of the vertical through groove 132 of the container into the sample container 13. This makes the height of the particles in the sample container 13 close to the top of the sample container 13 to save the loading stroke of the vertical loading system. After the photoelastic particles are laid, the vertical through groove 132 of the container is completely sealed with tape to prevent the photoelastic particles from leaking out.

[0032] After the photoelastic particles are filled, the sample container 13 is rotated around the door hinge 12 into the bearing frame 11 to ensure that the horizontal through groove 131 and the vertical through groove 132 of the sample container 13 are aligned with the horizontal through groove 111 on the top of the bearing frame 11 and the vertical through groove 112 on the right side of the frame, respectively, so as to ensure that the T-shaped comb 218 and the loading plate 221 can enter the sample container 13 to apply load to the photoelastic particles during loading. like Figure 1 , Figure 9-10As shown, when loading is performed, the upper electric cylinder 214 and the side electric cylinder 223 respectively drive the T-shaped comb 218 and the loading plate 221 into the sample container 13 to apply load to the photoelastic particles. By controlling the opening and closing of the horizontal baffles 133 corresponding to different positions at the bottom of the sample container 13, the photoelastic particles at different positions in the sample container 13 are released. This achieves the effect of directly lowering the photoelastic particles according to the selected position, capturing the dynamic changes of the stress field inside the particles, and making the formation and failure of the contact force chain between the photoelastic particles realistically reproduced. like Figure 1-2 , Figure 6-7 As shown, in this process, by observing the pressure values ​​at each position of the pressure signal display 2183, under the adaptive fit of the bladder 217 inside the pressure box 211 and the combined adjustment of the cooperating spring 2162, the load applied to the photoelastic particles by each T-shaped comb tooth 218 will not differ greatly. If there is a large difference in the pressure value at the concave or convex position of individual photoelastic particles, it can be locally adjusted by tightening or loosening the corresponding push bolt 2163. like Figure 6-8 As shown, taking the clockwise rotation of the push bolt 2163 for tightening as an example, when the push bolt 2163 is rotated clockwise, the push bolt 2163 drives the pressure plate 2161 to move upward under the action of the helical tangential force between it and the threaded hole 2165. The pressure plate 2161 drives the pressure plate 2164 to move upward, thereby reducing the pressure plate 2164's squeezing of the bag 217, thereby reducing the effect of the T-shaped comb teeth 218 on the photoelastic particles in the protruding area. like Figure 6-8 As shown, when the push bolt 2163 is rotated counterclockwise, the push bolt 2163 drives the pressure plate 2161 to move downward under the action of the helical tangential force between it and the threaded hole 2165. The pressure plate 2161 drives the pressure plate 2164 to push the bag 217 downward, so that the bag 217 pushes the T-shaped comb teeth 218 at the corresponding position to apply a load to the photoelastic particles in the concave area. This achieves the effect of tightly fitting the lower end of the pressure sensor 2181 at different positions with the coal seam in different protruding or concave areas, avoiding uneven external force transmission, disrupting the continuity of the contact force chain, causing stress field distortion, and affecting the accuracy of the experiment.

[0033] The entire experiment was conducted in a polarized field. The loading process was observed using a polarizing mirror, and the distribution and evolution of the force chains within the sample container 13 at different release periods were recorded using the polarizing mirror.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, after the observation is completed, the T-shaped comb teeth 218 and the loading plate 221 are withdrawn to the outside of the sample container 13 by controlling the upper electric cylinder 214 and the side electric cylinder 223. At the same time, the push bolt 2163 is screwed back to the initial position, the sample container 13 is rotated out, all the first fixing bolts 1331 are removed and all the horizontal baffles 133 are removed, the photoelastic particles are recovered, and finally the sample container 13 is pushed back into the vertical plane of the supporting frame 11, and the experiment ends.

[0035] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0036] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photoelastic experimental device for adaptive bonding loading of contact surfaces, comprising a cabinet (100), characterized in that, Also includes: The test unit (1) includes a support frame (11) installed on the upper end of the cabinet (100), and a sample container (13) for holding the sample is installed inside the support frame (11). The loading unit (2) includes a vertical loading component (21) disposed on the upper part of the bearing frame (11) for performing vertical compression tests on the sample in the sample container, and a horizontal loading component (22) disposed on one side of the bearing frame (11) for performing horizontal compression on the sample in the sample container. The vertical loading assembly (21) includes a pressure compensation mechanism (216) for pressing down on the sample in the recessed area.

2. The photoelastic experimental apparatus for adaptive bonding loading of contact surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample container (13) also includes: The door hinge (12) is vertically fixed inside the bearing frame (11) near one side, and the sample container (13) is rotatably connected to the outside of the door hinge (12). A glass panel (14) is installed at the front end of the sample container for observing the experimental process inside the sample container. A horizontal through-hole (131) is provided at the upper end of the sample container (13) for guiding the vertical loading assembly (21) into the sample container (13). A vertical through-hole (132) is provided on one side of the sample container (13) for introducing the horizontal loading component (22) into the sample container (13).

3. The photoelastic experimental device for adaptive bonding loading of the contact surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: A horizontal baffle (133) is provided at the front end of the sample container (13) and below the glass panel (14) for transferring the sample inside the sample container (13) out. The horizontal baffles (133) are provided in multiple sets at equal intervals; The horizontal baffle (133) is fastened to the front end of the sample container (13) by the first fixing bolt (1331); The horizontal through groove (131), the vertical through groove (132), and the corresponding grooves in the horizontal baffle (133) of the container are all interconnected.

4. The photoelastic experimental device for adaptive bonding loading of the contact surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vertical loading component (21) includes: Pressure box (211) is located above the bearing frame (11); The upper limit column (212) is provided in six sets, of which four sets are fixedly connected to the upper end of the bearing frame (11), and two sets are fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressure box (211) near both sides. The upper support platform (213) is slidably sleeved on the upper side of the upper limit post (212). The upper end of the upper limit post (212) is fixedly connected with an upper limit nut (2121) for limiting the upper support platform (213). The upper support platform (213) is provided with a first through hole (2131) for accommodating and guiding the upper limit post (212). The first through hole (2131) corresponds one-to-one with the upper limit post (212). The support plate (215) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the two sets of upper limit posts (212) corresponding to the upper end of the pressure box (211). The lower end of the support plate (215) is fastened to the upper end of the pressure compensation mechanism (216) by the third fixing bolt (2151). An upper electric cylinder (214) is installed on the upper end of the upper bearing platform (213). The driving end of the upper electric cylinder (214) is connected to the support plate (215) through a second fixing bolt (2141) to provide power for pressing down the sample.

5. The photoelastic experimental apparatus for adaptive bonding loading of contact surfaces according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vertical loading component (21) also includes: T-shaped comb teeth (218) are slidably inserted into the upper end of the support frame (11). The upper end of the support frame (11) is provided with a frame horizontal through groove (111) for extending the T-shaped comb teeth (218) from the outside of the support frame to the inside of the support frame. A pouch (217) is filled between the top of the pressure compensation mechanism (216) and the T-shaped comb teeth (218) to regionally disperse the downward pressure concentrated by the pressure compensation mechanism (216).

6. The photoelastic experimental apparatus for adaptive bonding loading of contact surfaces according to claim 5, characterized in that: The downward pressure compensation mechanism (216) includes: Pressure plates (2161) are slidably inserted into the inside of the pressure box (211), and multiple sets of pressure plates (2161) are arranged in sequence at equal intervals. Pressure plate (2164) is fixedly connected to the lower end of pressure plate (2161) and is used to press down on bag (217); A spring (2162) is sleeved on the outside of the pressure plate (2161) and located between the pressure plate (2164) and the lower end of the pressure box (211), and is used to pre-compress the bag (217) through the pressure plate (2161).

7. The photoelastic experimental apparatus for adaptive bonding loading of contact surfaces according to claim 6, characterized in that: The downward pressure compensation mechanism (216) also includes: A push bolt (2163) is threadedly connected to the inside of the pressure plate (2161). The inside of the pressure plate (2161) is provided with a threaded hole (2165) that is compatible with the push bolt (2163) for adjusting the pressure plate (2161) by raising and lowering. A limiting rod (2166) is fixedly connected to the outside of the pressure plate (2161). The pressure box (211) is provided with a limiting groove (2111) inside and outside the limiting rod (2166) for guiding and limiting the movement of the limiting rod (2166). The limiting block (2167) is fixedly connected to the outside of the push bolt (2163) and located above the pressure plate (2161); The limiting cover (2168) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pressure box (211) and located outside the push bolt (2163), and is used to tighten and limit the limiting block (2167).

8. The photoelastic experimental apparatus for adaptive bonding loading of contact surfaces according to claim 5, characterized in that: The horizontal loading component (22) includes: The loading plate (221) is slidably inserted into one side of the bearing frame (11), and the side of the bearing frame (11) is provided with a frame vertical through groove (112) for guiding the movement of the loading plate (221). Side limiting post (224) is fixedly connected to one side of the bearing frame (11) and close to the edge of the vertical through groove (112) of the frame; A side support platform (2242) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the side limiting post (224), and a side limiting nut (2241) for limiting the side support platform (2242) is fixedly connected to one end of the side limiting post (224). A metal gasket (222) is installed on one side of the loading plate (221); A side electric cylinder (223) is installed on one side of the side support platform (2242). The drive end of the side electric cylinder (223) is connected to a metal gasket (222) via a fourth fixing bolt (2231) and is used to push the loading plate (221) through the metal gasket (222).

9. The photoelastic experimental apparatus for adaptive bonding loading of contact surfaces according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lower end of the T-shaped comb teeth (218) is provided with a pressure sensor (2181) for detecting the downward pressure of the T-shaped comb teeth (218) on the sample; The upper end of the pressure sensor (2181) and inside the T-shaped comb teeth (218) is electrically connected to a data transmission line (2182); The pressure box (211) is provided with a pressure signal display (2183) on one side, which is electrically connected to the data transmission line (2182) and is used to display and record the pressure detected by the pressure sensor (2181).

10. The photoelastic experimental apparatus for adaptive bonding loading of contact surfaces according to claim 9, characterized in that: The horizontal through-hole (111) of the frame is aligned with the horizontal through-hole (131) of the container; The vertical through groove (112) of the frame is aligned with the vertical through groove (132) of the container.

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