Earthquake isolation structure AMD control system based on earthquake energy storage principle

Abstract

The invention provides a seismic isolation structure AMD control system based on the seismic energy storage principle, and relates to the technical field of structural engineering and damping control. The bottom of the building dissipates energy through the shock insulation support and the hydraulic inerter damper, earthquake input is converted into gravitational potential energy, mechanical energy and electric energy, and the energy storage module supplies energy to the active tuned mass damper arranged on the top of the upper structure. The system monitors structural response in real time through the acceleration sensor and the force sensor, the AMD intelligent control unit calculates and outputs control force capable of reducing upper vibration and generating reverse overturning bending moment, and therefore structural vibration is restrained and the shock insulation support is prevented from being pulled under the strong shock working condition, and the overall anti-seismic performance of the shock insulation structure is remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of structural engineering and shock absorption control technology, and particularly relates to an AMD control system for a shock isolation structure based on a seismic energy storage principle. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, a traditional shock isolation structure mainly relies on shock isolation bearings arranged at the bottom of a main structure of a building to dissipate seismic energy through shear deformation, and can reduce the acceleration response of an upper structure to a certain extent under the action of a medium or small earthquake. However, under the action of a long duration earthquake, a high intensity earthquake, and a near-fault pulse type earthquake, and the like, the deformation requirement of the shock isolation bearing is significantly increased, and problems such as horizontal displacement overrun, uneven vertical stress, and local tensile stress of the bearing are prone to occur, which leads to the attenuation or even instability and damage of the shock isolation performance. In order to improve the energy dissipation capacity of the shock isolation layer, passive energy dissipation components such as viscous dampers and metal dampers are often arranged near the shock isolation layer in engineering practice, but these passive devices generally rely on preset damping parameters and cannot adaptively adjust the control effect according to the intensity and frequency characteristics of the ground motion, and the damping effect is obviously limited under complex seismic types.

[0003] On the other hand, in order to improve the vibration control effect of a high-rise or long-period structure, the prior art proposes to arrange an active mass damper or the like active control device on the upper structure to reduce the structural response by applying a reverse control force. However, the traditional active mass damper system usually relies on a municipal power grid or an independent power supply device to provide driving energy, and there is a risk of interruption of the external power supply under the action of a strong earthquake. At the same time, the system has a large energy consumption and a high operating cost, and it is difficult to maintain a high reliability for a long time. In addition, the existing active control mainly focuses on reducing the vibration of the upper structure, and pays little attention to the stress state of the shock isolation bearing, and it is difficult to suppress the development of the tensile stress of the shock isolation bearing in time, and the shock isolation layer still has the safety hazards of tensile damage and overall overturning under extreme working conditions.

[0004] The existing shock isolation and active control technologies also have obvious deficiencies in energy utilization: most of the input seismic energy is dissipated in the form of heat energy through damping or yielding, and the seismic energy cannot be effectively recovered and reused, and the active control system cannot provide relatively independent and sustainable energy support. In summary, the existing technology cannot simultaneously meet the multiple requirements of vibration suppression of the upper structure, tensile protection of the shock isolation bearing, and self-supply of seismic energy under the action of a high intensity, long period, and near-fault pulse type earthquake.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose an AMD intelligent control system for a shock isolation structure based on a seismic energy storage principle, which converts the seismic energy into usable energy to drive an active tuned mass damper at the top of the structure to apply a control force in real time, so as to significantly improve the overall seismic performance and system reliability while ensuring the safety of the shock isolation bearing. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the AMD control system of the seismic energy storage principle-based isolation structure is provided, the top active tuned mass damper is used to realize active control, and the seismic energy storage is used to drive continuous output, so that the defects of passive adjustment of the isolation layer and the inability to suppress the vibration of the upper structure and prevent the bearing from being pulled are fundamentally solved.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides the following scheme:

[0008] The AMD intelligent control system of the seismic energy storage principle-based isolation structure comprises a building main structure, an isolation bearing, a hydraulic inertia damper, an energy transfer module, an energy storage module and a sensor network of an isolation structure; and further comprises an active tuned mass damper and an AMD intelligent control unit.

[0009] The isolation bearing is arranged at the bottom support of the building main structure, the bottom layer of the building main structure is defined as an isolation layer, the hydraulic inertia damper is arranged on the isolation layer and connected with the isolation bearing, is used to provide damping force and convert seismic input energy into kinetic energy of water during an earthquake, the energy transfer module is connected with the hydraulic inertia damper, is used to convert the kinetic energy of water into gravitational potential energy of water, mechanical energy of a flywheel and electric energy, the energy storage module comprises a water tank for storing the gravitational potential energy and an energy storage unit for storing the mechanical energy of the flywheel and the electric energy, and the energy storage module is used to provide driving energy for the active tuned mass damper.

[0010] The active tuned mass damper is arranged at the top of the building main structure, is used to apply a control force to the building main structure under the action of an earthquake.

[0011] The sensor network comprises acceleration sensors arranged at vertical members and beam nodes of the building main structure and force sensors arranged at the bottom of the isolation bearing, is used to monitor the dynamic response of the building main structure and the stress state of the isolation bearing in real time.

[0012] The AMD intelligent control unit is in communication connection with the sensor network, the active tuned mass damper and the energy storage module, is used to calculate a target control force of the active tuned mass damper in real time based on monitoring data collected by the sensor network and the energy state of the energy storage module, and control the active tuned mass damper to apply a control force capable of reducing the vibration of the building main structure and generating a reverse overturning moment to prevent the isolation bearing from being pulled.

[0013] Preferably, the AMD intelligent control unit comprises a data acquisition subunit, a signal processing subunit, a control decision subunit, an AMD driving mechanism and a feedback adjustment module; the data acquisition subunit is configured to receive monitoring data collected by the sensor network; the signal processing subunit is configured to filter, amplify and digitize the monitoring data to obtain structural vibration characteristic parameters reflecting dynamic responses of the building main structure and stress states of the isolation bearings; the control decision subunit is configured to calculate a target control force of the active tuned mass damper according to the structural vibration characteristic parameters; the AMD driving mechanism is configured to drive the mass block of the active tuned mass damper to move according to the target control force; and the feedback adjustment module is configured to adjust control parameters of the control decision subunit according to actual output effect of the active tuned mass damper.

[0014] Preferably, the control decision subunit adopts a multi-objective optimization control strategy, which simultaneously considers reducing acceleration responses of the building main structure, controlling inter-story displacement within an allowable range, preventing the isolation bearings from being in tension and optimizing energy recovery and storage effects in the energy transfer module and the energy storage module.

[0015] Preferably, the AMD driving mechanism comprises a servo motor and a transmission device, the servo motor is configured to drive the mass block of the active tuned mass damper to move along a predetermined trajectory, the servo motor has a control force adjustment precision not greater than ±1% of a rated output and a response time not greater than 100 milliseconds, so as to realize stepless adjustment of the control force of the active tuned mass damper within a range of 5% to 100% of the rated capacity.

[0016] Preferably, the servo motor is powered by the energy storage module, and the energy storage module is configured to supply power to the AMD intelligent control unit and the sensor network, thereby reducing dependence on external power supply.

[0017] Preferably, the AMD intelligent control unit further comprises an isolation bearing state monitoring module, the isolation bearing state monitoring module is configured to judge a compression state of the isolation bearing in real time based on monitoring data of the force sensor, and when it is detected that the isolation bearing is in tension, the AMD intelligent control unit adjusts an output mode of the active tuned mass damper, so that the active tuned mass damper generates a reverse overturning moment to suppress tension of the isolation bearing.

[0018] Preferably, the AMD intelligent control unit is provided with an emergency control mode, when the sensor network monitors a preset extreme seismic motion condition, the AMD intelligent control unit sends a control instruction according to the emergency control mode, so that the active tuned mass damper switches to a maximum output state, thereby improving safety of the building main structure and the isolation bearing.

[0019] Preferably, in the emergency control mode, the AMD intelligent control unit simultaneously starts an energy storage strategy, so that the energy storage module preferentially supplies power to the actively tuned mass damper and the sensor network.

[0020] Preferably, further comprising: an energy management unit and an energy recovery efficiency monitoring module; the energy management unit is in communication connection with the energy storage module, for dynamically adjusting the energy consumption allocation among the actively tuned mass damper, the AMD intelligent control unit and the sensor network according to the prediction results of the duration and intensity of the earthquake and the energy state of the energy storage module, and preferentially ensuring the energy supply of the actively tuned mass damper; the energy recovery efficiency monitoring module is used to calculate the energy capture rate, conversion efficiency and utilization rate of the seismic energy in the hydro-elastic damper, the energy transfer module and the energy storage module in real time, and feed back the calculation results to the energy management unit and the AMD intelligent control unit to optimize the control strategy.

[0021] The present application discloses the following technical effects:

[0022] The present application sets an actively tuned mass damper on the top of the main structure of the building, and uses an energy storage module to provide driving energy, so that the system can actively exert control force during the earthquake process, and fundamentally overcomes the problem that the existing passive energy dissipation method relying on the isolation layer cannot effectively suppress the vibration of the upper structure. Compared with the variable damping system which can only change the damping parameters, the present application can form a reverse inertia force through the active movement of the mass block, directly reduce the acceleration and inter-story displacement of the upper structure, and thus significantly improve the control ability of high-rise or long-period structures under complex seismic types.

[0023] The present application uses the reverse overturning moment generated by the actively tuned mass damper to offset the overturning effect generated by the earthquake, which can effectively prevent the isolation bearing from being in a tensile state, and solves the technical bottleneck that the isolation bearing is prone to vertical pull-off or failure under the action of strong pulse-type earthquakes in the prior art. Unlike the variable damping system which focuses on adjusting the damping force, the present application actively exerts additional control force on the top of the structure, directly acting on the overall overturning moment path of the structure, so that the stress state of the isolation layer is fundamentally improved.

[0024] The present application couples the energy transfer module with the energy storage module, so that the driving energy of the actively tuned mass damper is derived from the seismic input energy, thereby avoiding the dependence of the traditional active control system on external power supply. Unlike the energy use of the variable damping system which is mainly used for damping adjustment, the energy utilization link of the present application can continuously supply energy to the actively tuned mass damper under strong earthquake working conditions, so that the active control process can still operate effectively when the external power grid fluctuates or even interrupts, and the reliability and post-disaster continuous control ability of the system are significantly improved.

[0025] The application is based on real-time monitoring of the dynamic response of the main structure of a building and the force state of the isolation bearing by a sensor network, and the AMD intelligent control unit can dynamically calculate the target control force, so that the active tuned mass damper outputs different control modes at different seismic stages, thereby realizing active regulation and control of the deformation path and force state of the structure. Unlike the variable damping system that relies on the internal flow characteristics of the hydro-elastic damper to adjust the damping, the application has significant active and directional control ability and can accurately offset the seismic input effect in the key direction.

[0026] The application constructs a cross-level overall seismic system through the cooperative working mechanism of the active tuned mass damper, the energy storage module and the isolation layer, so that the system has the vibration control of the upper structure, the tensile protection of the isolation bearing and the self-supply of seismic energy. Unlike the damping adjustment only in the isolation layer, the application forms a complementary seismic path by applying an active control force at the top and the isolation layer, so that the structure can maintain the controlled response of the upper structure, the safety of the isolation bearing and the sustainable supply of energy under adverse working conditions such as long duration earthquakes and near-fault pulse type earthquakes, thereby significantly improving the overall seismic performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0028] Figure 1 The system schematic diagram provided for the embodiments of the present application.

[0029] Marked explanation:

[0030] 1, main structure; 2, isolation bearing; 3, hydro-elastic damper; 4, bottom support; 5, top support; 6, water tank; 7, energy transfer module; 8, energy storage module; 9, active tuned mass damper AMD. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] The purpose of this invention is to provide an AMD intelligent control system for seismic isolation structures based on the principle of seismic energy storage. It constructs an active seismic resistance system composed of energy storage power supply, top force application and seismic isolation layer, so that the structure has the dual capabilities of vibration reduction and support tension resistance under strong earthquakes and pulse earthquakes.

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a system provided in an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides an AMD intelligent control system for seismic isolation structures based on the principle of seismic energy storage. It is characterized by comprising a main building structure 1, seismic isolation bearings 2, a hydraulic inertial-capacitive damper 3, an energy transfer module 7, an energy storage module 8, an active tuned mass damper AMD9, a sensor network, and an AMD intelligent control unit. The seismic isolation bearings 2 are installed at the bottom support of the main building structure 1, defining the bottom layer of the main structure as the seismic isolation layer. The hydraulic inertial-capacitive damper 3 is installed in the seismic isolation layer, with one end connected to the bottom of the seismic isolation layer via a bottom support 4, and the other end connected to the top of the seismic isolation layer via a top support 5, used to provide damping force during earthquakes and convert the earthquake input energy into the kinetic energy of water. The energy transfer module 7, energy storage module 8, energy transfer module 9, active tuned mass damper AMD9, sensor network, and AMD intelligent control unit are also included. Block 7 is connected to the hydraulic inertial-capacitive damper 3 and is used to convert the kinetic energy of water into the gravitational potential energy of water, the mechanical energy of the flywheel, and electrical energy; the energy storage module 8 includes a water tank 6 for storing gravitational potential energy and an energy storage unit for storing the mechanical energy of the flywheel and electrical energy; the active tuned mass damper AMD9 is located at the top of the structure; the sensor network includes an accelerometer and a force sensor, the accelerometer is arranged at the node between the vertical members of the main structure and the crossbeam, and the force sensor is arranged at the bottom of the seismic isolation support 2; the AMD intelligent control unit is communicatively connected to the sensor network and the active tuned mass damper AMD9 and is used to adjust the output mode of the active tuned mass damper AMD9 in real time according to the sensor data.

[0035] Specifically, the number of acceleration sensors is 1 to 0.5 times the number of floors; the number of force sensors is 1 to the total number of seismic isolation supports.

[0036] Specifically, the AMD intelligent control unit comprises a data acquisition subunit, a signal processing subunit, a control decision subunit, an AMD driving mechanism and a feedback adjustment module; the data acquisition subunit is configured to collect monitoring data of the acceleration sensor and the force sensor in real time; the signal processing subunit is configured to filter, amplify and digitize the collected original signals, and extract structural vibration characteristic parameters; the control decision subunit is configured to calculate the optimal AMD control force in real time based on a fuzzy logic control algorithm or a neural network control algorithm according to structural responses; the AMD driving mechanism comprises a servo motor and a transmission device, and is configured to adjust the movement of the AMD mass block by receiving control instructions; and the feedback adjustment module is configured to monitor the output effect of the AMD in real time, so as to form a closed-loop control circuit.

[0037] As an optional implementation, in the embodiment, the control decision subunit adopts an AMD optimal control force calculation method combining target response comprehensive evaluation and weight self-adaptation. Specifically, the embodiment first extracts the top layer acceleration peak value, the interlayer displacement peak value of each layer and the monitoring result of the force of the seismic isolation bearing in each fixed time window (preferably 0.5 seconds, and the sampling time interval is not greater than 0.01 seconds) by the signal processing unit, and constructs a “target response comprehensive index” on this basis. The “target response comprehensive index” is a dimensionless value used to represent the degree of current structural control demand, which is obtained by weighting the top layer interlayer displacement utilization coefficient, the top layer acceleration utilization coefficient and the seismic isolation bearing tension risk coefficient according to the preset weight. Each utilization coefficient is calculated by the ratio of the current peak value to the corresponding limit value. The initial weight can be set as, for example, a displacement control weight of 0.4, an acceleration control weight of 0.4 and a bearing anti-tension weight of 0.2. The control decision subunit takes the target response comprehensive index and its change trend in adjacent time windows as input quantities, and provides a unified state description for subsequent fuzzy logic control or neural network control.

[0038] In the implementation of the fuzzy logic control algorithm, the control decision subunit first fuzzifies the target response comprehensive index and the isolation bearing tensile risk coefficient, and divides them into three levels of "low", "medium" and "high", wherein "low" corresponds to a value less than 0.3, "medium" corresponds to a value between 0.3 and 0.7, and "high" corresponds to a value greater than 0.7. Then, the implementation establishes a rule base, for example: when the target response comprehensive index is "high" and the isolation bearing tensile risk coefficient is "high", the control decision subunit outputs a control factor of the "strong control" level; when the target response comprehensive index is "medium" and the isolation bearing tensile risk coefficient is "medium", the control decision subunit outputs a control factor of the "medium control" level; and when the target response comprehensive index is "low" and the isolation bearing tensile risk coefficient is "low", the control decision subunit outputs a control factor of the "weak control" level. The above control factor is a dimensionless value between -1 and 1, which is used to represent the direction and relative amplitude of the control force exerted by the AMD, wherein a positive value indicates a control force direction that is beneficial to reducing the top layer displacement and the top acceleration and forming an opposite overturning moment, and a negative value can be used to quickly eliminate residual vibration under special working conditions. The implementation multiplies the control factor by the rated control force of the AMD to obtain the optimal control force of the AMD in the current time window, and sets the control frequency to be no less than 50 times per second to ensure the real-time performance of the control decision.

[0039] In the implementation, to further improve the adaptive ability of the optimal control force calculation process, the control decision subunit can also use a neural network control algorithm to correct the fuzzy logic control output. Specifically, the implementation constructs a "control correction subnetwork", takes the control factor obtained by the foregoing fuzzy logic control, the target response comprehensive index sequence in the recent several time windows, and the energy capture rate output by the energy recovery efficiency monitoring module as input quantities, and takes the control effect evaluation index as an output quantity, wherein the control effect evaluation index comprehensively reflects the top acceleration reduction rate, the maximum inter-story displacement reduction rate, and the isolation bearing tensile risk reduction degree. The control decision subunit pre-trains and periodically updates parameters during actual seismic response, so that the control correction subnetwork automatically adjusts the correction amount of the control factor according to the control effect evaluation index, and the correction step is preferably no more than 0.1 of the control factor each time to avoid drastic changes in the control force. In a group of representative strong earthquake working conditions, the implementation can reduce the top acceleration peak value by about 30%, reduce the maximum inter-story displacement by about 20%, control the isolation bearing tensile risk coefficient to be less than 0.6, and limit the maximum control force of the AMD to be within 80% of the rated value, thereby realizing the coordinated optimization between structural response control and equipment safety margin within the disclosed numerical range.

[0040] As another alternative embodiment, in the present embodiment, the AMD driving mechanism comprises a servo motor and a transmission device, the servo motor is fixed on the rigid support member on the top of the building main structure, and the transmission device is rigidly connected with the mass block of the active tuned mass damper. The servo motor is used to generate controllable torque according to the control instruction output by the AMD intelligent control unit, and the transmission device can be a combination structure of a speed reducer and a ball screw mechanism, or a combination structure of a speed reducer and a gear rack mechanism, which is used to convert the rotary motion of the servo motor into linear reciprocating motion along the horizontal direction of the floor, so as to drive the mass block to move in the predetermined guide rail. In the present embodiment, the effective movement stroke of the mass block is preferably 0.5-1.5 meters, the maximum movement speed of the mass block is preferably not greater than 1 meter per second, and the position control accuracy is preferably not greater than 1 millimeter, so as to ensure that the active tuned mass damper can provide sufficient inertial control force under strong earthquake working conditions, and will not affect the structural arrangement due to excessive displacement.

[0041] In the present embodiment, the feedback adjustment module evaluates the AMD output effect in real time through multi-source monitoring means, and uses the evaluation results for closed-loop control adjustment. The "AMD output effect" is defined in the present embodiment as the comprehensive influence of the control force actually applied by the active tuned mass damper to the building main structure and its influence on the top layer acceleration response, the inter-story displacement, and the risk of tension of the isolation bearing. For this purpose, the feedback adjustment module receives the monitoring data output by the displacement sensor arranged on the mass block, the force sensor in the connecting member, and the acceleration sensor arranged on the top of the building main structure, obtains the actual displacement, actual speed and actual control force of the mass block based on the above monitoring data, and combines the structural response information provided by the sensor network to form a control performance index for evaluating the control effect. In the present embodiment, the monitoring and updating frequency of the feedback adjustment module is preferably not less than 200 times per second, which can continuously track the dynamic output state of the active tuned mass damper under strong earthquake working conditions.

[0042] In this embodiment, the feedback adjustment module adjusts the control command output by the AMD intelligent control unit in real time according to the deviation between the control performance index and the target control effect, thereby forming a closed-loop control loop. When the feedback adjustment module detects that the deviation of the actual control force relative to the target control force exceeds a preset proportion (for example, more than 10%) or the top layer acceleration reduction rate and the maximum inter-story displacement reduction rate do not reach the expected threshold (for example, do not reach a reduction level of 20%-30%), this embodiment appropriately amplifies or weakens the control factor calculated by the control decision subunit, and synchronously adjusts the torque command and the acceleration-deceleration curve of the servo motor, so that the mass trajectory of the actively tuned mass damper is more in line with the demand of the target control force. The feedback adjustment module gradually reduces the deviation in multiple time windows, so that the error between the actual control force and the target control force under steady-state conditions is preferably not more than 5%, and the top layer acceleration overshoot is preferably controlled within 10%. Under representative strong earthquake conditions, through the above-mentioned closed-loop control loop, this embodiment can reduce the peak value of the top layer acceleration by about 25%-35%, reduce the maximum inter-story displacement by about 20%, and significantly reduce the probability of tensile isolation bearings.

[0043] As another optional implementation, in order to realize the synchronous adjustment of the servo motor torque command and the acceleration-deceleration curve, this embodiment introduces two intermediate quantities, "control performance comprehensive index" and "AMD adjustment factor", in the feedback adjustment module. The control performance comprehensive index is used to quantify the comprehensive control effect of the top layer acceleration reduction rate, the maximum inter-story displacement reduction rate, and the reduction degree of the tensile risk of the isolation bearing in the current time window, and the AMD adjustment factor is used to uniformly scale the nominal control force time history and the nominal acceleration-deceleration curve of the actively tuned mass damper. At the end of each control period, this embodiment first calculates the deviation between the current control performance comprehensive index and the target control performance, and then updates the AMD adjustment factor using the following formula:

[0044] wherein, is the AMD adjustment factor in the current control period; is the AMD adjustment factor in the next control period; is the adjustment step coefficient, used to control the size of the adjustment amplitude at each update; is the control performance comprehensive index calculated in the current control period, used to reflect the comprehensive effect of the top layer acceleration reduction rate, the maximum inter-story displacement reduction rate, and the reduction degree of the tensile risk of the isolation bearing; is the preset target control performance index, used to represent the expected comprehensive control level; is the hyperbolic tangent function, used to nonlinearly compress the deviation and avoid excessive mutation of the adjustment factor. In this embodiment, the control period is preferably not more than 0.02 seconds, and the adjustment step coefficient It is desirable , target control performance index may correspond to the top layer acceleration reduction , maximum interlayer displacement reduction target level.

[0045] In this embodiment, after obtaining the updated AMD adjustment factor, the control decision subunit scales the torque command time history and the acceleration / deceleration curve of the servo motor at the same time to realize the coordinated adjustment of the torque output amplitude and the speed change characteristic. Specifically, the nominal torque command time history and the nominal acceleration / deceleration curve are generated in advance according to the structural dynamic characteristics and the rated capacity of the active tuned mass damper, and are corrected in real time by using the AMD adjustment factor during operation to obtain the torque command of the servo motor and the target acceleration / deceleration curve in the next control period:

[0046]

[0047] wherein, is the torque command time history of the servo motor corresponding to the time in the next control period; is the predetermined nominal torque command time history, which is used to drive the mass block to produce standard control effect when no adaptive adjustment is performed; is the target angular acceleration or equivalent linear acceleration time history of the servo motor in the next control period; is the predetermined nominal acceleration / deceleration curve, which is used to represent the speed change law of the mass block under the nominal working condition; is the AMD adjustment factor calculated by the above formula, which is used to uniformly scale the nominal torque command and the nominal acceleration / deceleration curve, so that the output capacity of the servo motor matches the current control demand. In this embodiment, the value range of the AMD adjustment factor is preferably limited to 0.5 , when is close to 0.5, it means that the control force is close to half of the nominal level, when is close to 1.2, it means that the control force is slightly higher than the nominal level, which is used to cope with strong earthquake working condition.

[0048] In this embodiment, in order to avoid excessive impact on the servo motor and mechanical transmission components during the adjustment process, the AMD adjustment factor is saturated and smoothed when the above adjustment formula is applied, i.e. is limited in the preset allowed interval, and the high-frequency oscillation is suppressed by moving average of the AMD adjustment factors of adjacent control periods. Specifically, the is limited to the actual application to the servo motor torque command and the acceleration-deceleration curve scaling, thereby making the control effect change more smooth and avoiding large acceleration-deceleration impact. In a numerical simulation and shaking table test of a group of representative strong earthquake working conditions, the peak acceleration of the top layer is reduced by about , the maximum interlayer displacement is reduced by about , the peak torque of the servo motor is controlled within of the rated torque, and the maximum speed of the mass block is controlled within 1 meter per second, so as to ensure the structural vibration reduction effect while taking into account the safety margin and operation stability of the actuator.

[0049] Specifically, the AMD driving mechanism adopts a high-precision servo motor drive, and the control force regulation accuracy reaches ±1% of the rated output, and the response time is less than 100 ms, which can realize stepless regulation of the control force within 5%-100% of the rated capacity.

[0050] Specifically, the servo motor is directly powered by the energy storage module 8.

[0051] Specifically, the control decision subunit adopts a multi-objective optimization control strategy, and simultaneously considers the following control objectives: reducing structural acceleration response, controlling interlayer displacement within the allowable range, preventing the isolation bearing from being in tension, and optimizing energy recovery and storage effect.

[0052] Specifically, the working process of the system includes the following steps:

[0053] (1) Real-time monitoring of structural dynamic response and isolation layer working state through a sensor network;

[0054] (2) The data acquisition subunit transmits the monitoring data to the signal processing unit for feature extraction;

[0055] (3) The control decision subunit generates AMD control instructions using an adaptive control algorithm according to the structural response amplitude, frequency characteristics, and isolation bearing stress state;

[0056] (4) The AMD driving mechanism receives the instructions and accurately adjusts the AMD output size and direction;

[0057] (5) Real-time adjustment of structural vibration characteristics by changing the AMD output;

[0058] (6) The feedback adjustment module monitors the actual control effect, compares it with the target value, and further optimizes the control parameters;

[0059] (7) The energy management unit dynamically adjusts the energy storage strategy according to the system state.

[0060] Specifically, the system is also equipped with an emergency control mode, which automatically controls the AMD9 to switch to the maximum output state when extreme ground motion is monitored.

[0061] Specifically, in the emergency control mode, the system simultaneously starts the energy reserve mode, which prioritizes the energy of the energy storage module 8 to ensure the power supply of the AMD system and the key sensors.

[0062] Specifically, the system also includes an energy management unit with intelligent load scheduling function, which can dynamically adjust the energy consumption distribution of each subsystem according to the duration and intensity prediction of the earthquake, and prioritize the energy supply of the AMD system.

[0063] Specifically, the system also sets up an energy recovery efficiency monitoring module to calculate the energy capture rate, conversion efficiency and utilization rate in real time, and continuously improve the control strategy through optimization algorithms.

[0064] Specifically, the energy storage unit of the energy storage module 8 adopts a hybrid configuration of flywheel energy storage, lithium ion battery and super capacitor.

[0065] Specifically, the water tank 6 adopts a multi-stage partition design, equipped with water level monitoring sensors and pressure sensors, and forms a closed-loop water circulation system with the hydraulic inertia damper.

[0066] Specifically, the mass block of the active tuned mass damper AMD9 is driven by a hydraulic actuator, which is powered by the energy storage module 8.

[0067] Specifically, the AMD intelligent control unit also includes an isolation bearing state monitoring module to monitor the compression state of the isolation bearing in real time, and immediately adjust the AMD output mode to generate a reverse overturning moment when the bearing is detected to be in tension.

[0068] As an optional implementation, in the embodiment, the AMD intelligent control unit further comprises a seismic isolation support state monitoring module for real-time discrimination of the compression state of the seismic isolation support and forming a support safety criterion. The seismic isolation support state monitoring module receives the vertical force and horizontal shear force data collected by the force sensor arranged at the bottom of the seismic isolation support, and combines the dead weight of the building main structure, the vertical additional constant load, and the nominal support compression range under the design working condition to calculate the current equivalent compression level of the seismic isolation support. In the embodiment, the "support tension risk coefficient" is defined as a dimensionless index representing the proximity of the seismic isolation support to the critical state from compression to tension, and its value is a number between 0 and 1. When the coefficient is close to 0, it indicates that the support is in a safe compression state, and when the coefficient is close to 1, it indicates that the support has approached the tension critical state. Specifically, when the vertical force is significantly lower than the design minimum compression force and is accompanied by a larger overturning effect, the support tension risk coefficient is determined to be 0.7 or more, and in the strong earthquake test, the support tension risk coefficient reaching 0.8 is taken as the early warning threshold for triggering the anti-tension control, and the sampling frequency of the force sensor is preferably not less than 200 times per second.

[0069] In the embodiment, when the seismic isolation support state monitoring module determines that the support has a tension risk, the AMD intelligent control unit immediately adjusts the output mode of the active tuned mass damper to generate a reverse overturning moment and restore the overall stability to the foundation direction. To this end, the output mode of the active tuned mass damper is divided into two categories: "vibration reduction priority mode" and "anti-tension priority mode". The vibration reduction priority mode is used to reduce the top layer acceleration and interlayer displacement under normal working conditions, and the anti-tension priority mode is used to preferentially suppress the structure overturning trend when the support tension risk is significant. When the support tension risk coefficient reaches the early warning threshold, the AMD intelligent control unit sends a mode switching instruction to the control decision subunit from the seismic isolation support state monitoring module, and the control decision subunit changes the control target of the active tuned mass damper from mainly reducing the top layer response to mainly generating additional bending moment to restore the overturning direction. The control weight for generating the reverse overturning moment is appropriately increased, from about 20% under normal working conditions to not less than 40%, and the upper limit of the maximum control force is increased from about 70% of the rated value to about 90% of the rated value under the premise of not exceeding the rated output of the active tuned mass damper.

[0070] In this embodiment, the isolation bearing state monitoring module and the feedback adjustment module work together to continuously check the effect of the reverse overturning moment generated by the active tuned mass damper in the anti-pulling priority mode. When the anti-pulling priority mode is started, this embodiment tracks the vertical stress change of the isolation bearing and the attenuation of the bearing tension risk coefficient in the subsequent time window: if the bearing tension risk coefficient is reduced to below 0.5 in 3-5 time windows and remains stable, this embodiment gradually reduces the control weight of the anti-pulling priority, and switches back to the vibration reduction priority mode in about 10 time windows; if the bearing tension risk coefficient continues to be higher than 0.7 or even shows a rising trend again, this embodiment maintains or further strengthens the reverse overturning moment output in the anti-pulling priority mode, and if necessary, maintains the output level of the active tuned mass damper at 80%-90% of the rated value. Through the above isolation bearing state monitoring and output mode linkage mechanism, this embodiment can significantly reduce the number of times the isolation bearing is pulled under representative strong earthquake conditions, and reduce the peak value of the bearing tension risk coefficient from about 0.95 to about 0.6, while effectively improving the safety margin of the isolation layer under the premise of ensuring that the top layer acceleration is reduced by 20%-30%.

[0071] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0072] The present application converts seismic energy into various forms of usable energy through the hydraulic inertial damper and the energy transfer module, and powers the AMD system, solving the problem of traditional active control systems relying on external power supply, significantly improving system reliability and endurance, and realizing efficient conversion and self-supply of seismic energy.

[0073] The present application applies active control force through the top AMD to generate reverse overturning moment, effectively suppresses the bearing tensile stress, prolongs the service life of the bearing and improves the stability of the structure against overturning, and effectively prevents the isolation bearing from being pulled apart.

[0074] The present application realizes multi-objective optimization control based on multi-sensor data and intelligent algorithms, and realizes intelligent adaptive control by considering the damping effect, bearing protection and energy recovery efficiency.

[0075] The servo motor drive system of the present application has short response time and high control precision, can adapt to the randomness and suddenness of seismic motion, ensures timely and accurate control, and realizes fast response and high precision regulation.

[0076] The emergency mode and intelligent energy management of the present application ensure the normal operation of the core functions of the system under extreme conditions, improve the overall seismic toughness, and enhance the robustness and emergency capability of the system.

[0077] The various embodiments described in this specification are presented for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the present application and its best mode of operation. Each of the embodiments described in this specification has been provided for the purpose of illustration and is not intended to limit the application.

[0078] The principles and operation of the present application have been explained so far with the help of specific examples. The examples have been provided only for the purpose of understanding the method of the present application and its core idea. However, the person skilled in the art will make changes in the specific embodiments and the scope of application based on the idea of the present application. In view of the above, the content of the specification should not be understood as limiting the present application.

Claims

1. An AMD intelligent control system for a seismic energy isolation structure based on the principle of seismic energy storage, characterized in that, The base isolation structure comprises a building main structure, an isolation support, a hydraulic inerter damper, an energy transfer module, an energy storage module and a sensor network; and further comprises an active tuned mass damper and an AMD intelligent control unit; The isolation support is arranged at a bottom support of the building main structure, and a bottom layer of the building main structure is defined as an isolation layer; the hydraulic inerter damper is arranged at the isolation layer and connected with the isolation support, and is used for providing a damping force and converting seismic input energy into kinetic energy of water during an earthquake; the energy transfer module is connected with the hydraulic inerter damper, and is used for converting the kinetic energy of water into gravitational potential energy of water, mechanical energy of a flywheel and electric energy; the energy storage module comprises a water tank for storing the gravitational potential energy of water and an energy storage unit for storing the mechanical energy of the flywheel and the electric energy, and is used for providing driving energy for the active tuned mass damper; The active tuned mass damper is arranged at a top of the building main structure, and is used for applying a control force to the building main structure under the action of an earthquake; The sensor network comprises acceleration sensors arranged at nodes of vertical members and cross beams of the building main structure and force sensors arranged at a bottom of the isolation support, and is used for monitoring a dynamic response of the building main structure and a force state of the isolation support in real time; The AMD intelligent control unit is communicatively connected with the sensor network, the active tuned mass damper and the energy storage module, and is used for calculating a target control force of the active tuned mass damper in real time based on monitoring data collected by the sensor network and an energy state of the energy storage module, and controlling the active tuned mass damper to apply a control force capable of reducing vibration of the building main structure and generating a reverse overturning moment to prevent the isolation support from being in tension.

2. The AMD intelligent control system for seismic energy storage-based isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AMD intelligent control unit comprises a data acquisition subunit, a signal processing subunit, a control decision subunit, an AMD driving mechanism and a feedback adjustment module; the data acquisition subunit is used for receiving monitoring data collected by the sensor network; the signal processing subunit is used for filtering, amplifying and digitizing processing the monitoring data to obtain structural vibration characteristic parameters reflecting the dynamic response of the building main structure and the force state of the isolation support; the control decision subunit is used for calculating the target control force of the active tuned mass damper according to the structural vibration characteristic parameters; and the AMD driving mechanism is used for driving a mass block of the active tuned mass damper to move according to the target control force. The feedback adjustment module is used for adjusting control parameters of the control decision subunit according to an actual output effect of the active tuned mass damper. 3.The AMD intelligent control system for a seismic energy storage-based isolation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control decision subunit adopts a multi-objective optimization control strategy, which simultaneously considers reducing an acceleration response of the building main structure, controlling a layer displacement within an allowable range, preventing the isolation support from being in tension and optimizing energy recovery and storage effects in the energy transfer module and the energy storage module.

4. The AMD intelligent control system for seismic energy storage based isolation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The AMD drive mechanism comprises a servo motor and a transmission device, the servo motor is used to drive the mass block of the active tuned mass damper to move along a predetermined trajectory, the servo motor has a control force adjustment precision not greater than ±1% of a rated output and a response time not greater than 100 milliseconds, so as to realize stepless adjustment of the control force of the active tuned mass damper in a range of 5% to 100% of the rated capacity.

5. The AMD intelligent control system for seismic energy storage based isolation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The servo motor is powered by the energy storage module, and the energy storage module is used to power the AMD intelligent control unit and the sensor network, thereby reducing the dependence on external power supply.

6. The AMD intelligent control system for seismic energy storage based isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AMD intelligent control unit further comprises an isolation bearing state monitoring module, which is used to judge the compression state of the isolation bearing in real time based on the monitoring data of the force sensor, and when it is detected that the isolation bearing is in tension, the AMD intelligent control unit adjusts the output mode of the active tuned mass damper, so that the active tuned mass damper generates a reverse overturning bending moment to suppress the tension of the isolation bearing.

7. The AMD intelligent control system for seismic energy storage based isolation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The AMD intelligent control unit is provided with an emergency control mode, when the sensor network monitors a preset extreme ground motion working condition, the AMD intelligent control unit sends a control instruction according to the emergency control mode, so that the active tuned mass damper switches to a maximum output state, so as to improve the safety of the building main structure and the isolation bearing. 8.The AMD intelligent control system for seismic energy storage based isolation structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the emergency control mode, the AMD intelligent control unit simultaneously starts an energy reserve strategy, so that the energy storage module preferentially supplies power to the active tuned mass damper and the sensor network. 9.The AMD intelligent control system based on the seismic energy storage principle of claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising: An energy management unit and an energy recovery efficiency monitoring module; the energy management unit is in communication connection with the energy storage module, and is used to dynamically adjust the energy consumption distribution among the active tuned mass damper, the AMD intelligent control unit and the sensor network according to the prediction results of the duration and intensity of the earthquake and the energy state of the energy storage module, and preferentially ensure the energy supply of the active tuned mass damper; the energy recovery efficiency monitoring module is used to calculate the energy capture rate, conversion efficiency and utilization rate of the seismic energy in the hydraulic inertial damper, the energy transfer module and the energy storage module in real time, and feed back the calculation results to the energy management unit and the AMD intelligent control unit, so as to optimize the control strategy.

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