High-pressure propagation method for ormosia boluensis branches

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-pressure propagation method for a branch of ormosia boluensis. The high-pressure propagation method comprises the following steps of: selecting an ormosia boluensis branch; belongs to the technical field of endangered plant asexual breeding. In order to solve the technical problems of extremely low survival rate (only 1-2 plants) and the like of the existing grafting, cuttage and other methods, a branch high-pressure propagation technology is successfully applied to the ormosia boularis for the first time, and nutrient soil is adopted, and a rooting solution and carbendazim are matched to serve as a rooting substrate; the girdling branches are wrapped with a high-pressure box, strict humidity control is carried out, and regular maintenance is carried out to induce rooting; during separation transplanting, the high-pressure soil wrapping ball is completely reserved to avoid damage to the root system; trimming and original habitat shading maintenance are assisted after transplanting. According to the method, the survival rate of the seedlings is successfully increased to 87.5%, vegetative propagation individuals of the boleo beans can be rapidly and efficiently obtained, and reliable technical support is provided for solving natural renewal obstacles of the boleo beans and achieving population rejuvenation and near depreciation of the boleo beans.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of endangered plant asexual propagation, more particularly to a high-pressure branch propagation method of Ormosia boluoensis. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ormosia boluoensis belongs to the genus Ormosia of the Leguminosae family, and is a nationally protected wild plant in China with important ecological value and strategic resource significance. Ormosia plants are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. There are 37 species in China, all of which are listed in the national protected wild plant list. Among them, 16 species are distributed in Guangdong Province, and Ormosia boluoensis is one of the unique representative species. This species was officially identified in 1995 as an evergreen shrub or small tree. Its morphological characteristics include mainly single leaves, rarely compound leaves; conical or racemose inflorescences, white corolla, and red husk with shiny seed coat, which are significantly different from other Ormosia plants in China. For example, compared with Ormosia monophylla, Ormosia boluoensis has thick and leathery leaves, longer leaf stalks, white flowers instead of rose red, and densely covered short hairs on the ovary, which provide the basis for its classification and identification.

[0003] However, the natural population of Ormosia boluoensis is extremely fragile. Currently, its known distribution is only found in Xiangtoushan National Nature Reserve and Nankunshan Provincial Nature Reserve in Guangdong Province, with a total of less than 1000 individuals in the two areas, and the population size is extremely small. Long-term field monitoring data by the applicant shows that due to climate conditions, there are few flowering plants, and diseases and pests are serious during the flowering and fruiting periods, resulting in almost no seeds produced in recent years. Although less than 100 seeds were collected historically from 2018 to 2019, the germination rate was extremely low and could not support effective natural regeneration. This situation makes it difficult for the species to reproduce and the population to recover, and it is urgent to expand the number of individuals through artificial means.

[0004] In existing artificial propagation techniques, Ormosia plants have tried methods such as grafting, cutting, and tissue culture, but there are generally problems such as complex operation, long cycle, and low survival rate (only 1-2 plants), which are difficult to apply in practical protection. As an efficient asexual propagation method, high-pressure branch propagation has been successful in many plants, but it has not been systematically developed in the protection practice of Ormosia, especially Ormosia boluoensis.

[0005] Therefore, in view of the low reproductive capacity and population regeneration of Ormosia boluoensis, developing a simple, high survival rate, and adaptable propagation method is of great significance to achieve artificial propagation and population recovery of the species, and is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the application provides a high-pressure propagation method of Ormosia boluoensis branches.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0008] The first object of the application is to provide a high-pressure propagation method of Ormosia boluoensis branches, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) Branch selection and treatment: in October, select the vigorous branches with a diameter of 0.5-1 cm on the healthy Ormosia boluoensis mother plant; perform ring stripping at the selected position, and the ring stripping width is 3-5 cm, and the cortex tissue is removed until the xylem is exposed;

[0010] (2) Preparation of rooting substrate: mix the plant nutrient soil, rooting liquid and carbendazim according to the proportion, and stir uniformly after adding water, so that the substrate humidity reaches 80%-90%;

[0011] (3) High-pressure wrapping: fill the rooting substrate prepared in step (2) into the high-pressure box and compact it; place the ring stripping part of the branch in step (1) at the center of the high-pressure box, fasten the high-pressure box, so that the rooting substrate tightly wraps the ring stripping part, and the water inlet of the high-pressure box is upward and the water outlet is downward, which is convenient for water management in the next step;

[0012] (4) High-pressure period maintenance: water once every 7-10 days, and keep the substrate humidity at 80-90%; irrigate the rooting liquid once every 2-3 months with water, until new roots germinate in April-May next year;

[0013] (5) Separation and transplanting: after 9 months of high-pressure propagation, the roots are fully grown, and the branches are cut from the mother plant; then the propagation body with complete soil ball is transplanted into the flowerpot filled with substrate; the soil ball is kept complete and not loose, and the soil and roots are not separated, and the complete root system is directly transplanted to avoid root damage; for the propagation body with incomplete soil ball after opening the high-pressure box, the missing soil is supplemented to the root part before being transplanted into the flowerpot filled with substrate;

[0014] The flowerpot substrate comprises a native habitat soil layer at the bottom and a plant nutrient soil layer at the upper part;

[0015] (6) Post-transplantation management: pruning the branches obtained by high-pressure propagation, and only retaining 1-1.5 leaves at the top of each branch to prevent excessive water loss and hinder the growth of the branches; placing the flowerpot in a shady habitat under the primary habitat with a canopy density of 50%-80%, and covering the surface of the soil in the flowerpot with moss to keep the soil moist and improve the microenvironment, and then culturing after transplantation.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the high-pressure propagation is performed in October, and the temperature is 25-30°C.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution, in step (1), the knife used for ring stripping needs to be sterilized with 75% alcohol before use.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution, in step (2), the plant nutrient soil comprises coconut husk, peat soil, vermiculite, and perlite.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution, the ratio of the plant nutrient soil, the rooting liquid, and the carbendazim is 10 mL of the rooting liquid and 1 g of the carbendazim per 1 liter of the plant nutrient soil.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution, in step (3), the high-pressure box is a transparent or translucent PP plastic high-pressure box, which is easy to observe the dryness and wetness of the substrate and the rooting condition, and the inner sphere has a diameter of 7.5 cm.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution, in step (4), the application amount of the rooting liquid is 10 mL per 1 liter of the nutrient soil.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution, in step (5), the primary habitat soil needs to be crushed into small particles and mixed with carbendazim at a ratio of 1000:1 before being put into the flowerpot.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution, in step (5), the thickness of the primary habitat soil layer at the bottom of the flowerpot is 4-5 cm, which mainly functions to retain water and prevent the loss of the upper nutrient soil.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution, in step (6), a PVC pipe is placed at the bottom of the flowerpot to elevate the flowerpot, which is beneficial to drainage and ventilation.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution, in step (6), stones are placed around the flowerpot to stabilize the flowerpot and prevent it from toppling over.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution, in step (6), the soil in the flowerpot is kept moist at 80%-90% after transplantation according to the weather, and the rooting liquid is irrigated every 20-30 days, with 100-150 mL each time.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The high-pressure branch propagation method of the Borol Red Bean provided by the application has achieved remarkable and breakthrough technical effects compared with traditional asexual propagation methods such as grafting and cutting, and provides a feasible solution to the propagation problem of the endangered species:

[0029] The primary and most direct effect is to greatly improve the propagation survival rate. In view of the difficulty of the previous grafting and cutting methods with extremely low survival rate (only 1-2 plants, and the survival rate is negligible) and unknown reasons, the method greatly improves the survival rate to 87.5% through systematic technology integration. This achievement fundamentally reverses the situation that artificial propagation of the Borol Red Bean is almost impossible, and lays a solid foundation for rapidly increasing the number of individuals.

[0030] Secondly, the method forms a stable and repeatable operation process, significantly improving the success rate and operability of propagation. The key improvement points in the technical solution include using nutrient soil as the rooting substrate, accurately maintaining the humidity of 80%-90% of the substrate through the high-pressure box structure and regular watering, emphasizing the integrity of the high-pressure soil ball during transplanting, and scientific pruning, which together form an optimized technical system. These measures effectively overcome potential technical obstacles such as difficult root induction, damaged root system, and water metabolism imbalance, ensuring smooth transition from high pressure to transplanting, making the propagation result from accidental to inevitable.

[0031] Thirdly, the method has important practical value, saving cultivation cost and time. Although the seedling period is about 9 months, compared with the complete failure of seed propagation or the high difficulty and long period of tissue culture, the method is easy to obtain materials, simple to operate, and low in management cost, which is very suitable for application in practical environments such as nature reserves, and can efficiently provide a large number of high-quality seedlings for field return and population rejuvenation.

[0032] Finally, the technical effect of the application exceeds single propagation success, and provides a new technical path and successful practice example for the protection of the Borol Red Bean and other endangered plants of the genus Castanopsis. It first proves the great potential of branch high-pressure propagation in such plants, opens up a new direction for solving the regeneration barrier and achieving artificial auxiliary protection, and has important ecological benefits and strategic significance for species protection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to make the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only need to explain the embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of the provided drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 For: the situation of Borro red bean pods affected by diseases and pests.

[0035] Figure 2 For: ring stripping step-1 of high-pressure propagation of Borro red bean branches.

[0036] Figure 3 For: ring stripping step-2 of high-pressure propagation of Borro red bean branches.

[0037] Figure 4 For: ring stripping step-3 of high-pressure propagation of Borro red bean branches.

[0038] Figure 5 For: nutrient soil for high-pressure propagation of Borro red bean branches.

[0039] Figure 6 For: rooting liquid for high-pressure propagation of Borro red bean branches.

[0040] Figure 7 For: carbendazim for high-pressure propagation of Borro red bean branches.

[0041] Figure 8 For: substrate preparation for high-pressure propagation of Borro red bean branches.

[0042] Figure 9 For: high-pressure box for high-pressure propagation of Borro red bean branches.

[0043] Figure 10 For: high-pressure box for high-pressure propagation of Borro red bean branches.

[0044] Figure 11 For: high-pressure box for high-pressure propagation of Borro red bean branches.

[0045] Figure 12 For: watering for high-pressure propagation of Borro red bean branches.

[0046] Figure 13 For: rooting of high-pressure propagation of Borro red bean branches.

[0047] Figure 14 For: rooting of high-pressure propagation of Borro red bean branches.

[0048] Figure 15 For: rooting of high-pressure propagation of Borro red bean branches.

[0049] Figure 16 To: Cut the high pressure propagation of Boro Red branches.

[0050] Figure 17 To: Cut the high pressure propagation of Boro Red branches.

[0051] Figure 18 To: Prepare the soil for the high pressure propagation of Boro Red branches in pots.

[0052] Figure 19 To: Add nutrient soil to the top layer of the potting soil.

[0053] Figure 20 To: Open the high pressure box of the high pressure propagation of Boro Red branches.

[0054] Figure 21 To: Keep the high pressure propagation of Boro Red branches wrapped in soil intact.

[0055] Figure 22 To: Bury the soil ball wrapped around the roots of the high pressure branches in the nutrient soil.

[0056] Figure 23 To: Complete the transplanting of the high pressure propagation of Boro Red branches.

[0057] Figure 24 To: Incomplete picture of the soil mass wrapped around the roots of the Boro Red.

[0058] Figure 25 To: Prune the leaves on the transplanted Boro Red branches.

[0059] Figure 26 To: Organize the transplanting site.

[0060] Figure 27 To: Place the transplanted Boro Red in the cleaned site.

[0061] Figure 28 To: Prepare moss blocks for soil moisture retention.

[0062] Figure 29 To: Picture of moss blocks covering the nutrient soil.

[0063] Figure 30 To: Picture of moss blocks covering the nutrient soil.

[0064] Figure 31 To: Picture of placing a PVC pipe under the pot to raise the bottom of the pot.

[0065] Figure 32 To: Picture of placing stones around the pot to prevent it from tipping over.

[0066] Figure 33Figure 2 is a picture showing that the branches of the transplanted high-pressure propagated Boruo red beans sprout new shoots after two months.

[0067] Figure 34 Figure 2 is a picture showing that the branches of the transplanted high-pressure propagated Boruo red beans sprout new shoots after two months.

[0068] Figure 35 Figure 2 is a picture showing that the branches of the transplanted high-pressure propagated Boruo red beans sprout new shoots after two months.

[0069] Figure 36 Figure 2 is a picture showing that the branches of the transplanted high-pressure propagated Boruo red beans sprout new shoots after two months.

[0070] Figure 37 Figure 2 is a picture showing that the branches of the transplanted high-pressure propagated Boruo red beans sprout new shoots after two months.

[0071] Figure 38 Figure 2 is a picture showing that the branches of the transplanted high-pressure propagated Boruo red beans sprout new shoots after two months. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0073] The plant nutrient soil used in the embodiments of the present application is "Dewo" brand "Plant Nutrient Soil-Cultivation Substrate (General Type), Specification 50L".

[0074] The rooting liquid used in the embodiments of the present application is "Lupan" brand "Rooting Liquid (Specification 500ml)".

[0075] The carbendazim used in the embodiments of the present application is "Guoguang" carbendazim powder (carbendazim content 50%, specification 50g).

[0076] Embodiment 1

[0077] A high-pressure propagation method of branches of Boruo red beans Ormosia boluoensis, comprising the following steps:

[0078] (1) Branch selection and treatment: In October, the environmental temperature is between 25-30℃, healthy borro red trees are selected, the branches that grow vigorously without affecting the overall tree growth are selected, the diameter of the branches is between 0.5-1cm, sharp knives (such as art knives, girdling knives, girdling pliers, etc.) are prepared, the knives are sterilized and disinfected with 75% alcohol before each use, the position where rooting is needed is determined on the branch, ring cutting is performed, when cutting the cortex, the width is 3-5cm, the knife is cut in a ring, then the cortex is cut completely, and the cortex tissue is cleaned Figures 2-3 , exposing the white wood Figure 4 .

[0079] (2) Preparation of rooting medium: The rooting medium selected is "Dewode" brand plant nutrient soil Figure 5 , the main components of which are coconut husk, peat soil, vermiculite and perlite; "Guanpan" brand "Genduo" rapid rooting liquid Figure 6 is added to the medium, and "Guoguang" carbendazim powder Figure 7 is also added; the ratio is: 1 liter of nutrient soil: 10ml of rooting liquid: 1g of carbendazim powder; water is added to mix the three Figure 8 , so that the moisture content of the nutrient soil is 85%.

[0080] (3) High-pressure wrapping: Choose a transparent or semi-transparent PP plastic high-pressure box on the market (easy to observe the moisture content of the medium and the rooting situation), the inner sphere diameter is 7.5cm, fill the mixed rooting medium into the high-pressure box and compact it; according to the stretching direction of the girdling branch, determine the upper and lower positions of the high-pressure box, the water inlet (large opening) is upward, and the water outlet (small opening) is downward Figure 9 , so as to facilitate the next step of watering management (water from the large opening, and water from the small opening). Then place the girdling part of the branch in the middle position of the high-pressure box, quickly buckle the high-pressure box, and make the branch pass through the large opening and the small opening, compact the high-pressure box, so that the medium can tightly wrap the girdling part Figure 10 -11.

[0081] (4) High-pressure period maintenance: water every 7-10 days Figure 12 , keep the humidity at 85%, and irrigate with rooting liquid (Greenpan brand "Genduo" rapid rooting liquid, 10ml / L) every 2-3 months, new roots will sprout in April-May of the next year Figure 13 .

[0082] (5) Separation and transplanting: after 9 months of high-pressure propagation, when the high-pressure propagated branches have fully rooted Figure 14 , 15, cut the branches from the mother plant along the edge of the water outlet Figure 16, 17); select the soil of the original habitat of Boro red bean, crush it into small particles, add 1:1000 ratio of carbendazim and soil, and then put the soil into the bottom of the flowerpot (1000 Figure 18 ), 4 cm high, as the bottom cushion for water retention; add the plant nutrient soil of "Dewo" brand (1000 Figure 19 ) on it, the bottom original habitat soil can prevent the nutrient soil from flowing away with the drainage hole at the bottom of the flowerpot; carefully open and remove the high-pressure box of the high-pressure propagated Boro red bean branches (1000 Figure 20 ), try to keep the soil ball wrapped in the box from loosening (1000 Figure 21 ), and do not separate the soil and roots to keep the complete root system and avoid root damage. Then bury them in the flowerpot with the above-mentioned substrate (1000 Figure 22 ), and then add substrate to the pot and compact it, only exposing the high-pressure propagated branches (1000 Figure 23 ). For the separated (1000 Figure 24 ) high-pressure soil after opening the high-pressure box, the missing soil needs to be supplemented to the root part before burying it in the substrate of the flowerpot.

[0083] (6) Post-transplantation management: pruning the high-pressure branches, as the high-pressure propagated branches are separated from the mother plant, pruning is needed in cultivation and management to remove excess branches (1000 Figure 25 ) to prevent excessive water loss and not conducive to branch growth; the pruning principle is to keep only 1 to 1.5 leaves at the top of each branch; find a small flat and shaded habitat under the forest canopy in the original habitat of Boro red bean, with a canopy density of 50-80%, tidy up the site (1000 Figure 26 ), remove dead branches, leaves and debris, and level the land, and place the flowerpot (1000 Figure 27 ); prepare moss blocks (1000 Figure 28 ) in the original habitat of Boro red bean and cover them on the nutrient soil of the flowerpot (1000 Figure 29 , 30) to keep the soil moist and improve the microenvironment. Then place a PVC pipe (1000 Figure 31 ) at the bottom of the flowerpot to raise the bottom of the flowerpot for better drainage and ventilation. Finally, surround the flowerpot with stones (1000 Figures 33-34 ) to stabilize the flowerpot and prevent it from being tilted by rainwater or soil sliding down; irrigate according to weather conditions to keep the soil moisture in the flowerpot at 80-90%. Irrigate with rooting liquid ("Genduo" brand) every 20-30 days.

[0084] After two months of transplantation, all transplanted individuals survived, with a survival rate of 87.5% for high-pressure propagation, and some individuals had begun to sprout (1000 Figures 35-38 ), with a total seedling raising period of 9 months. After four months of transplantation, the individuals grew well (1000 ​ ).

[0085] The various embodiments described in this specification are intended to be illustrative only and in no way limit the scope of the application. Changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art, which employ the principles of the application, without departing from the scope of the application. Accordingly, the application is not limited to the embodiments described herein, but instead has scope to encompass any choice whatsoever that is dependent on, or can be substituted in, the principal, new and inventive features that are disclosed and claimed herein.

[0086] The above description of disclosed embodiments is intended to be illustrative only and not limiting of the application. Numerous modifications to these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. The scope of the application is not limited to the embodiments described herein, but rather extends to any that are dependent on, or can be substituted in, the principal, new and inventive features that are disclosed and claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for air layering propagation of Ormosia boluoensis branches, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Selection and treatment of branches: Select vigorous branches with a diameter of 0.5-1 cm from healthy Boruo red bean mother plants; perform girdling at the selected location, with a girdling width of 3-5 cm, and remove the bark tissue until the xylem is exposed; (2) Preparation of rooting substrate: Mix plant nutrient soil, rooting solution and carbendazim in proportion, add water and stir evenly to make the substrate moisture reach 80%-90%; (3) High pressure wrapping: Fill the high pressure box with the rooting substrate prepared in step (2) and compact it; place the girdled part of the branch in step (1) in the center of the high pressure box, fasten the high pressure box, so that the rooting substrate tightly wraps the girdled part, and fix the high pressure box with the water inlet facing up and the water outlet facing down. (4) Maintenance during high pressure period: Water once every 7-10 days to keep the substrate moisture at 80-90%; water with rooting solution once every 2-3 months until new roots sprout in April-May of the following year; (5) Separation and transplanting: Nine months after air layering, once the root system has fully grown, cut the branches off the mother plant; then transplant the propagation body with a complete soil ball into a flowerpot filled with substrate; the flowerpot substrate includes the bottom native soil layer and the upper plant nutrient soil layer; (6) Post-transplanting management: Prune the branches obtained from air layering, leaving only 1-1.5 leaves at the top of each branch; place the flowerpot in a shaded habitat under the native forest with a canopy density of 50%-80%, cover the soil surface of the flowerpot with moss, and carry out post-transplanting cultivation.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-pressure propagation is carried out in October, and the temperature for high-pressure propagation is 25-30℃.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the blades used for girdling need to be sterilized with 75% alcohol before use.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the plant nutrient soil comprises coconut coir, peat moss, vermiculite and perlite; The ratio of plant nutrient soil, rooting solution, and carbendazim is 10 mL of rooting solution and 1 g of carbendazim per 1 liter of plant nutrient soil.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (3), the high-voltage box is a transparent or semi-transparent PP plastic high-voltage box with an inner sphere diameter of 7.5 cm.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (4), the amount of rooting solution applied is 10 mL / L of nutrient soil.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (5), the native soil needs to be crushed into small particles and mixed with carbendazim at a ratio of 1000:1 before being placed in the flowerpot. The original soil layer at the bottom of the flowerpot is 4-5 cm thick, and its main function is to retain water and prevent the loss of the upper nutrient soil.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (6), PVC pipes are placed at the bottom of the flowerpot to elevate it, which facilitates drainage and ventilation.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (6), stones are placed around the flowerpot to stabilize it and prevent it from tipping over.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (6), after transplanting, water the soil in the pot to keep the soil moisture at 80%-90% depending on the weather, and water with rooting solution every 20-30 days, 100-150mL each time.

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