Desert steppe grass interspecific synergistic agent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a desert steppe grass interspecific synergistic agent and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of synergistic agents, the synergistic agent comprises the following raw materials by weight: 30-40 parts of modified cyanobacteria charcoal, 10-15 parts of a microbial fertilizer, 20-30 parts of an organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts of an inorganic fertilizer, 1-2 parts of a plant growth regulator, and 2-5 parts of a water-retaining agent; the modified blue-green algae charcoal is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-30 parts of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 15-30 parts of ferric sulfate hydrate, 200-400 parts of water and 10-20 parts of blue-green algae powder. The synergist provided by the invention can effectively improve the growth efficiency of desert grassland grass planting and effectively improve the treatment effect of degraded grassland.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of synergist technology, and in particular to a desert steppe grass interspecific synergist, its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Desert steppes are one of the most important ecosystems on Earth, playing an irreplaceable role in maintaining ecological balance, protecting biodiversity, and promoting the sustainable development of animal husbandry. However, due to the combined effects of overgrazing, irrational land reclamation, and climate change, desert steppes are facing an unprecedented degradation crisis. This degradation not only leads to a decline in grassland productivity and a reduction in biodiversity, but also exacerbates environmental problems such as desertification and soil erosion, posing a serious threat to the ecological security and economic development of surrounding areas.

[0003] The degradation of desert steppes is a complex process involving multiple aspects, including soil quality decline, altered vegetation structure, and water use imbalance. Soil quality degradation is the foundation of grassland degradation; overgrazing and improper use lead to a reduction in soil organic matter and structural damage, which in turn affects soil fertility and water retention capacity. Alterations in vegetation structure manifest as a decrease in high-quality forage grasses and the spread of harmful and toxic plants, further reducing the grassland's utilization value and ecological function. Simultaneously, climate change, particularly changes in rainfall patterns and rising temperatures, exacerbates the vulnerability of grassland ecosystems, making grassland restoration and management even more challenging. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to effectively address the degradation of desert steppes and improve the growth efficiency of degraded grasslands in grass planting areas, this application provides a synergistic agent for grass planting areas in desert steppes, its preparation method, and its application.

[0005] This application provides a synergistic enhancer for grass species in desert steppes, employing the following technical solution: A synergistic agent for grass species in desert steppe, comprising, by weight, 30-40 parts modified cyanobacterial biochar, 10-15 parts microbial fertilizer, 20-30 parts organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts inorganic fertilizer, 1-2 parts plant growth regulator, and 2-5 parts water-retaining agent. The modified cyanobacterial biochar is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-30 parts ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 15-30 parts ferric sulfate hydrate, 200-400 parts water, and 10-20 parts cyanobacterial powder.

[0006] Preferably, the microbial fertilizer is composed of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus subtilis; the mass ratio of the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus subtilis is (3-4):(2-3):(1.5-2.5):(1-2).

[0007] Preferably, the organic fertilizer is composed of fermented Ganoderma lucidum residue organic fertilizer, decomposed sheep manure, and straw; the mass ratio of the fermented Ganoderma lucidum residue organic fertilizer, decomposed sheep manure, and straw is (3-4):(3-4):(2-3).

[0008] Preferably, the inorganic fertilizer is composed of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and trace elements.

[0009] Preferably, the plant growth regulator is composed of 24-epibrassinolide and spermidine; the mass ratio of 24-epibrassinolide to spermidine is 1:2-5.

[0010] Preferably, the method for preparing the modified cyanobacterial biochar includes the following steps: Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and ferric sulfate hydrate were dissolved in water, and cyanobacterial powder was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30-50 minutes. The pH of the mixed solution was then adjusted to 10-11, and dried overnight at 105-125℃. Subsequently, the mixture was heated to 800-1000℃ in a tube furnace under nitrogen protection and carbonized at a constant temperature for 30-40 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was washed several times with water and dried overnight at 65-75℃ to obtain modified cyanobacterial biochar.

[0011] Preferably, the water-retaining agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-50 parts pretreated corn starch, 2.5-5 parts maleic anhydride, 15.5-31 parts acrylic acid solution with a neutralization degree of 70%, and 0.25-0.5 parts initiator.

[0012] Preferably, the method for preparing the water-retaining agent includes the following steps: Pretreated corn starch was added to a reactor, the pH was adjusted to 6.0-6.5, the temperature was raised to 45-55℃, and maleic anhydride was added to pre-modify the corn starch for 1-2 hours. Then, an acrylic acid solution with a neutralization degree of 70% and an initiator were added, stirred evenly, and poured into a petri dish for UV crosslinking irradiation for 10-15 minutes. After the reaction was completed, the gel was removed, chopped, washed with water, dried at 80-100℃, pulverized, and sieved to obtain a water-retaining agent. The method for preparing the pretreated corn starch includes the following steps: By weight, 30-60 parts of corn starch are added to 70-140 parts of water to prepare a starch suspension, and then stirred for 30-40 minutes. Then, 0.6-1.2 parts of hydrochloric acid are added to acidify the corn starch. Then, 0.6-1.2 parts of sodium hypochlorite are added for oxidation pretreatment. The temperature is raised to 90-100℃ and stirred and kept at that temperature for 12-15 hours. After cooling, the pretreated corn starch is obtained.

[0013] This application provides a method for preparing a synergistic agent for grass species in desert steppes, which adopts the following technical solution: A method for preparing a synergistic agent among grass species in desert steppe includes the following steps: Modified cyanobacterial biochar, microbial fertilizer, organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, plant growth regulator, and water-retaining agent are mixed, homogenized, dried, and granulated to obtain a desert steppe grass interspecies synergistic enhancer.

[0014] The application of a synergistic agent for grass species in desert steppe provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: Application of a synergistic agent for interspecific grasses in desert steppe, and its application in the management of degraded grasslands.

[0015] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The modified cyanobacterial biochar provided in this application has a rich pore structure and high adsorption capacity, which can significantly improve the water retention and aeration of the soil, providing a good soil environment for the growth of grasses; 2. The plant growth regulator provided in this application is composed of 24-epibrassinolide and spermidine, which can significantly improve the drought resistance and stress resistance of plants and enhance their survival ability under adverse conditions such as drought. 3. The water-retaining agent provided in this application is prepared from pretreated corn starch, maleic anhydride and acrylic acid. It has good water retention properties, can reduce water evaporation, improve water use efficiency and ensure water supply for grass under drought conditions.

[0016] 4. This application utilizes the synergistic effect of modified cyanobacterial biochar, microbial fertilizer, organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, plant growth regulator, and water-retaining agent to significantly increase the density, biomass, and coverage of grasses, promote vegetation growth and ecological environment restoration, and has broad application prospects in the management of degraded grasslands. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0018] The chemical reagents used in the preparation examples, embodiments, and comparative examples provided by this invention are all commercially available products. The physicochemical properties of the fermented Ganoderma lucidum residue organic fertilizer are shown in Table 1.

[0019]

[0020] Preparation Example 1: Preparation of Modified Cyanobacterial Biochar Preparation Example 1.1 After washing the cyanobacteria and air-drying them outdoors, they were dried in an oven at 105°C for 12 hours. After cooling to room temperature, they were pulverized using a grinder and passed through a 2mm sieve to obtain cyanobacteria powder. Dissolve 15g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and 15g of ferric sulfate hydrate in 200g of deionized water, add 10g of cyanobacteria powder, mix and stir at room temperature for 30min, then use 5mol·L⁻¹ water. -1 The pH of the mixed solution was adjusted to 10 with sodium hydroxide, and then dried overnight at 105°C; subsequently, it was placed in a tube furnace and heated at 5°C / min under nitrogen protection. -1 The temperature was increased to 800℃, carbonized at a constant temperature for 30 minutes, cooled to room temperature, washed three times with deionized water, and dried overnight at 65℃ to obtain modified cyanobacterial biochar.

[0021] Preparation Example 1.2 After washing the cyanobacteria, air-dry them outdoors, then dry them in an oven at 110℃ for 14 hours. After cooling to room temperature, grind them with a grinder and pass them through a 2mm sieve to obtain cyanobacteria powder. Dissolve 22.5 g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and 22.5 g of ferric sulfate hydrate in 300 g of deionized water, add 15 g of cyanobacteria powder, mix and stir at room temperature for 40 min, then use 5 mol·L⁻¹ water. -1 The pH of the mixed solution was adjusted to 10.5 with sodium hydroxide, and then dried overnight at 115°C; subsequently, it was placed in a tube furnace and heated at 5°C / min under nitrogen protection. -1 The temperature was increased to 900℃, carbonized at a constant temperature for 35 minutes, cooled to room temperature, washed four times with deionized water, and dried overnight at 70℃ to obtain modified cyanobacterial biochar.

[0022] Preparation Example 1.3 After washing the cyanobacteria, air-dry them outdoors, then dry them in an oven at 115℃ for 16 hours. After cooling to room temperature, grind them with a grinder and pass them through a 2mm sieve to obtain cyanobacteria powder. Dissolve 30g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and 30g of ferric sulfate hydrate in 400g of deionized water, add 20g of cyanobacterial powder, mix and stir at room temperature for 50min, then use 5mol·L⁻¹ water. -1 The pH of the mixed solution was adjusted to 11 with sodium hydroxide, and then dried overnight at 125°C; subsequently, it was placed in a tube furnace and heated at 5°C / min under nitrogen protection. -1 The temperature was increased to 1000℃, carbonized at a constant temperature for 40 minutes, cooled to room temperature, washed 5 times with deionized water, and dried at 75℃ overnight to obtain modified cyanobacterial biochar.

[0023] Preparation Example 2: Preparation of Water-Retaining Agent Preparation Example 2.1 30g of corn starch was added to 70g of water to prepare a starch suspension with a concentration of 30%, and then stirred for 30 minutes. 0.6g of 37% hydrochloric acid was added to acidify the corn starch. Then 0.6g of sodium hypochlorite was added for oxidation pretreatment. The temperature was raised to 90℃ and stirred and kept at that temperature for 12 hours. After cooling, the pretreated corn starch was obtained. 25g of pretreated corn starch was added to a reactor, the pH was adjusted to 6.0 with 5% hydrochloric acid solution, the temperature was raised to 45℃, and 2.5g of maleic anhydride was added to pre-modify the corn starch for 1 hour. Then, 15.5g of acrylic acid solution with a neutralization degree of 70% and 0.25g of photoinitiator 1173 were added, stirred evenly, and poured into a petri dish. The mixture was then irradiated with ultraviolet crosslinker for 10 minutes. After the reaction was completed, the gel was removed, chopped, washed with deionized water, dried in an oven at 80℃, pulverized, and passed through a 2mm sieve to obtain a water-retaining agent.

[0024] Preparation Example 2.2 45g of corn starch was added to 105g of water to prepare a starch suspension with a concentration of 30%, and then stirred for 35 minutes. 0.9g of 37% hydrochloric acid was added to acidify the corn starch. Then 0.9g of sodium hypochlorite was added for oxidation pretreatment. The temperature was raised to 95℃ and stirred and kept at that temperature for 13.5 hours. After cooling, the pretreated corn starch was obtained. 38.3g of pretreated corn starch was added to a reactor, the pH was adjusted to 6.2 with 5% hydrochloric acid solution, the temperature was raised to 50℃, and 3.75g of maleic anhydride was added to pre-modify the corn starch for 1.5h. Then, 23.3g of acrylic acid solution with a neutralization degree of 70% and 0.375g of photoinitiator 1173 were added, stirred evenly, poured into a petri dish, and irradiated with ultraviolet crosslinker for 12.5min. After the reaction was completed, the gel was removed, chopped, washed with deionized water, dried in an oven at 90℃, pulverized and passed through a 2mm sieve to obtain the water-retaining agent.

[0025] Preparation Example 2.3 60g of corn starch was added to 140g of water to prepare a starch suspension with a concentration of 30%, and then stirred for 40 minutes. 1.2g of 37% hydrochloric acid was added to acidify the corn starch. Then 1.2g of sodium hypochlorite was added for oxidation pretreatment. The temperature was raised to 100℃ and stirred and kept at that temperature for 15 hours. After cooling, the pretreated corn starch was obtained. 50g of pretreated corn starch was added to a reactor, the pH was adjusted to 6.5 with 5% hydrochloric acid solution, the temperature was raised to 55℃, and 5g of maleic anhydride was added to pre-modify the corn starch for 2 hours. Then, 31g of acrylic acid solution with a neutralization degree of 70% and 0.5g of photoinitiator 1173 were added, stirred evenly, and poured into a petri dish. The mixture was then irradiated with ultraviolet crosslinker for 15 minutes. After the reaction was completed, the gel was removed, chopped, washed with deionized water, dried in an oven at 100℃, pulverized, and passed through a 2mm sieve to obtain a water-retaining agent.

[0026] Example 1 30g of modified cyanobacterial biochar prepared in Preparation Example 1.1, 10g of microbial fertilizer, 20g of organic fertilizer, 10g of inorganic fertilizer, 1g of plant growth regulator, and 2g of water-retaining agent prepared in Preparation Example 2.1 were mixed, homogenized, dried, and granulated to obtain the desert steppe grass interspecies synergistic enhancer. The microbial fertilizer is composed of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 3:2:1.5:1. The organic fertilizer is composed of fermented Ganoderma lucidum residue organic fertilizer, decomposed sheep manure, and straw in a mass ratio of 3:3:2. The inorganic fertilizer is composed of urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate, and trace elements; the mass ratio of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer is 3:6:5; the amount of trace elements added is 10g / kg of inorganic fertilizer; The plant growth regulator is composed of 24-epibrassinolide and spermidine in a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0027] Example 2 35g of modified cyanobacterial biochar prepared in Preparation Example 1.2, 12.5g of microbial fertilizer, 25g of organic fertilizer, 15g of inorganic fertilizer, 1.5g of plant growth regulator, and 3.5g of water-retaining agent prepared in Preparation Example 2.2 were mixed, homogenized, dried, and granulated to obtain the desert steppe grass interspecies synergistic enhancer. The microbial fertilizer is composed of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 3.5:2.5:2:1.5. The organic fertilizer is composed of fermented Ganoderma lucidum residue organic fertilizer, decomposed sheep manure, and straw, with a mass ratio of 3.5:3.5:2.5; The inorganic fertilizer is composed of urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate, and trace elements; the mass ratio of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer is 3.5:6.5:5.5; the amount of trace elements added is 15g / kg of inorganic fertilizer. The plant growth regulator is composed of 24-epibrassinolide and spermidine in a mass ratio of 1:3.5.

[0028] Example 3 40g of modified cyanobacterial biochar prepared in Preparation Example 1.3, 15g of microbial fertilizer, 30g of organic fertilizer, 20g of inorganic fertilizer, 2g of plant growth regulator, and 5g of water-retaining agent prepared in Preparation Example 2.3 were mixed, homogenized, dried, and granulated to obtain the desert steppe grass interspecies synergistic enhancer. The microbial fertilizer is composed of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 4:3:2.5:2. The organic fertilizer is composed of fermented Ganoderma lucidum residue organic fertilizer, decomposed sheep manure, and straw in a mass ratio of 4:4:3. The inorganic fertilizer is composed of urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate, and trace elements; the mass ratio of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer is 4:7:6; the amount of trace elements added is 20g / kg of inorganic fertilizer; The plant growth regulator is composed of 24-epibrassinolide and spermidine in a mass ratio of 1:5.

[0029] Example 4 The difference between Example 4 and Example 1 is that the plant growth regulator used in Example 4 contains only 24-epibrassinolide.

[0030] Example 5 The difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is that the plant growth regulator used in Example 5 contains only spermidine.

[0031] Example 6 The difference between Example 6 and Example 1 is that the organic fertilizer used in Example 6 does not include fermented Ganoderma lucidum residue organic fertilizer, and the mass ratio of decomposed sheep manure to straw is 3:2.

[0032] Comparative Example 1 The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the cyanobacterial biochar used in Comparative Example 1 was not modified; the preparation method of the unmodified cyanobacterial biochar includes the following steps: After washing the cyanobacteria and air-drying them outdoors, they were dried in an oven at 105°C for 12 hours. After cooling to room temperature, they were pulverized using a grinder and passed through a 2mm sieve to obtain cyanobacteria powder. 10g of cyanobacteria powder was placed in a tube furnace and heated at 5°C for 5 min under nitrogen protection. -1 The temperature was increased to 400℃, carbonized at a constant temperature for 2 hours, cooled to room temperature, washed three times with deionized water, and then dried overnight in an oven at 65℃ to obtain cyanobacterial biochar.

[0033] Performance testing The desert steppe grass interspecific synergist prepared according to Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1 was applied to the planting process of Leymus chinensis, and a blank control group without the application of the desert steppe grass interspecific synergist was set up. Application method: The site was set in moderately degraded desert grassland; the synergists obtained in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Example 1 were mixed with sheepgrass seeds at a mass ratio of 1:25g, and then sown in rows at a depth of 1-2cm and a seeding rate of 2kg / mu. The same irrigation and moisturizing treatments were then carried out.

[0034] Results: The density, biomass, and coverage of Leymus chinensis were measured. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0035] The specific test results are as follows:

[0036] As can be seen from the test results in Table 1, the interspecific synergist of grasses in desert steppe provided in this application effectively increased the density, biomass and coverage of Leymus chinensis, indicating that the interspecific synergist of grasses in desert steppe provided in this application can effectively promote the growth of grasses in degraded grassland and improve the ecological environment.

[0037] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A synergistic agent for grass species in desert steppes, characterized in that: The raw materials, by weight, include 30-40 parts modified cyanobacterial biochar, 10-15 parts microbial fertilizer, 20-30 parts organic fertilizer, 10-20 parts inorganic fertilizer, 1-2 parts plant growth regulator, and 2-5 parts water-retaining agent. The modified cyanobacterial biochar is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-30 parts ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 15-30 parts ferric sulfate hydrate, 200-400 parts water, and 10-20 parts cyanobacterial powder.

2. The interspecific synergistic agent for grasses in desert steppe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial fertilizer is composed of nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus subtilis; the mass ratio of the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Bacillus subtilis is (3-4):(2-3):(1.5-2.5):(1-2).

3. The interspecific synergistic agent for grasses in desert steppe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer is composed of fermented Ganoderma lucidum residue organic fertilizer, decomposed sheep manure, and straw; the mass ratio of the fermented Ganoderma lucidum residue organic fertilizer, decomposed sheep manure, and straw is (3-4):(3-4):(2-3).

4. The interspecific synergistic agent for desert steppe grasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic fertilizer is composed of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and trace elements.

5. The interspecific synergistic agent for grasses in desert steppe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant growth regulator is composed of 24-epibrassinolide and spermidine; the mass ratio of 24-epibrassinolide to spermidine is 1:2-5.

6. The interspecific synergistic agent for grasses in desert steppe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the modified cyanobacterial biochar includes the following steps: Ferrous sulfate heptahydrate and ferric sulfate hydrate were dissolved in water, and cyanobacterial powder was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30-50 minutes. The pH of the mixed solution was then adjusted to 10-11, and dried overnight at 105-125℃. Subsequently, the mixture was heated to 800-1000℃ in a tube furnace under nitrogen protection and carbonized at a constant temperature for 30-40 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture was washed several times with water and dried overnight at 65-75℃ to obtain modified cyanobacterial biochar.

7. The interspecific synergistic agent for desert steppe grasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-retaining agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25-50 parts pretreated corn starch, 2.5-5 parts maleic anhydride, 15.5-31 parts acrylic acid solution with a neutralization degree of 70%, and 0.25-0.5 parts initiator.

8. The interspecific synergistic agent for desert steppe grasses according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation method of the water-retaining agent includes the following steps: Pretreated corn starch was added to a reactor, the pH was adjusted to 6.0-6.5, the temperature was raised to 45-55℃, and maleic anhydride was added to pre-modify the corn starch for 1-2 hours. Then, an acrylic acid solution with a neutralization degree of 70% and an initiator were added, stirred evenly, and poured into a petri dish for UV crosslinking irradiation for 10-15 minutes. After the reaction was completed, the gel was removed, chopped, washed with water, dried at 80-100℃, pulverized, and sieved to obtain a water-retaining agent. The method for preparing the pretreated corn starch includes the following steps: By weight, 30-60 parts of corn starch are added to 70-140 parts of water to prepare a starch suspension, and then stirred for 30-40 minutes. Then, 0.6-1.2 parts of hydrochloric acid are added to acidify the corn starch. Then, 0.6-1.2 parts of sodium hypochlorite are added for oxidation pretreatment. The temperature is raised to 90-100℃ and stirred and kept at that temperature for 12-15 hours. After cooling, the pretreated corn starch is obtained.

9. A method for preparing a synergistic agent for interspecific gramineous growth in desert steppes according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Modified cyanobacterial biochar, microbial fertilizer, organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, plant growth regulator, and water-retaining agent are mixed, homogenized, dried, and granulated to obtain a desert steppe grass interspecies synergistic enhancer.

10. The application of a desert steppe grass interspecific synergist according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Application of the interspecific synergistic agent for desert steppe grasses in the management of degraded grasslands.

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