Operation fixing retractor capable of observing stress range

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses an operation fixing retractor capable of observing the stress range, the operation fixing retractor comprises a retracting hook and a retracting structure used for fixing the retracting hook, the retracting hook comprises a stretching belt and a drag hook arranged at the end of the stretching belt, and the stretching belt is of a chain bead structure formed by sequentially and alternately connecting a plurality of connecting pieces and elastic pieces end to end; each connecting piece is provided with an observation window, each elastic piece is formed by sleeving a plurality of layers of relatively independent elastic units, the two ends of each elastic unit are respectively provided with a head end and a tail end, the head ends and the tail ends of all the elastic units of each elastic piece are respectively clamped in the adjacent connecting pieces, and gaps exist between the end parts of the elastic units in a free state. When the retracting hook is stressed and stretched to be clamped on the retracting structure, the gaps between the ends of the elastic units of the elastic piece participating in stretching are gradually reduced till the elastic units are tightly attached, and when the retracting hook is stressed and stretched, the stress range of the retracting hook is determined through the number of the elastic units with the ends tightly attached together observed through the observation window of the connecting piece when the retracting hook is stressed and stretched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology and mainly relates to a surgical fixation and retraction device with observable force range. Background Technology

[0002] Surgical retractors are widely used in gynecological, hand surgery, orthopedic, and head and neck surgeries, and are particularly suitable for deep and delicate procedures requiring prolonged stable exposure. This instrument uses a mechanical structure to replace continuous manual traction, effectively freeing the surgeon's hands and ensuring a stable and clear surgical field. Current surgical retractors generally consist of a retraction arm, a locking mechanism, a fixation base, and tissue protection components. While the retraction arm can achieve multi-directional adjustment and secure locking, the control of traction tension generally relies on the surgeon's tactile experience, lacking a direct, quantifiable feedback mechanism. This makes it difficult to precisely control the range of tension applied to fragile tissues, posing a potential risk of tissue compression or insufficient retraction.

[0003] Currently, the methods for achieving intraoperative tissue retraction and fixation mainly rely on two major categories of instruments:

[0004] One type is the retractor held by the assistant physician. While this method offers some flexibility, it inevitably leads to shaking due to assistant fatigue, disrupting the stability of the surgical field and the retractor force, and also consuming valuable medical human resources.

[0005] Another type is the mechanical fixation retractor. Existing instruments of this type typically consist of a base, a multi-section adjustable arm, and a retractor hook at the end. However, this structure has inherent drawbacks: First, to achieve stable fixation, its locking mechanism is often complex, and intraoperative adjustments are time-consuming and cumbersome, failing to meet the rapid, minute response required for extremely delicate operations; second, the arm body, joints, and locking components of the instrument often appear bulky in the narrow surgical area, severely obstructing the surgical field; third, and most importantly, existing retractor hooks cannot quantify or visualize the retraction force, relying entirely on the surgeon's feel for the force, which carries the risk of insufficient retraction force leading to inadequate exposure of the surgical field, or excessive retraction force compressing and damaging fragile nerves and blood vessels. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems in the prior art, this invention proposes a surgical fixation retractor with observable force range. The retractor hook can estimate the force value, providing quantitative or visual feedback for surgery. It also has a simple structure and can be manufactured as a low-cost disposable consumable.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0008] A surgical fixation retractor with observable force range includes a retraction hook and a retraction structure for fixing the retraction hook. The retraction hook includes a tension band and a hook at the end of the tension band. The tension band is formed by multiple connectors and elastic elements connected end-to-end in a chain-like structure. Each connector is provided with an observation window. Each elastic element is composed of multiple layers of relatively independent elastic units. Each elastic unit has a head end and a tail end. The head ends and tail ends of all elastic units of each elastic element are respectively locked in adjacent connectors. In the free state, there are gaps between the ends of each layer of elastic units. When the retraction hook is stretched and locked in the retraction structure, the gaps between the ends of the elastic units of the elastic elements involved in the stretching gradually decrease until they are tightly attached. The connectors are used to determine the force range of the retraction hook by observing the number of elastic units with their ends tightly attached together through the observation window when the retraction hook is stretched.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastic unit includes end steps at both ends and a deformation tube in the middle, with the end steps at both ends respectively locked in adjacent connectors.

[0010] Furthermore, the tensile force that the elastic unit can withstand increases from the outermost layer to the innermost layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the elastic unit is an elastic tube structure made of elastic rubber with a rubber tube in the middle and protrusions at both ends, or a spring structure with a spring in the middle and protrusions at both ends.

[0012] Furthermore, the innermost elastic element of the elastic member is configured as a buffer layer.

[0013] Furthermore, the connector has elastic element access holes at both ends, and the end steps of one end of the outermost to the innermost elastic unit move away from the elastic element access hole from the point closest to it.

[0014] Furthermore, the diameter of the access hole for the elastic element is smaller than the diameter of the end step of the elastic unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the observation window is either the body of a transparent connector or an observation window set on the connector.

[0016] Furthermore, the connector is provided with a partition wall or partition boss for separating the end steps of adjacent elastic members.

[0017] Furthermore, the retraction structure is a retractor disc, which includes multiple retractor disc pieces and an adjustment and fixing connector. The retractor disc pieces are connected end to end through the adjustment and fixing connector to form a ring structure. Each retractor disc piece has multiple slots on its outer edge, and the retraction hook is engaged in the slots.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The retraction hook of the present invention adopts a chain bead structure composed of elastic elements made of elastic material and connecting elements made of non-elastic material arranged at intervals. Each elastic element constitutes an independent force measurement unit, ensuring that in actual operation, regardless of the length of the retraction hook, the doctor only needs to cut the required length and clamp it on the retraction structure. The tension state of each elastic unit inside can be directly observed through the connecting element, thereby obtaining the local tensile force value of the elastic element. This effectively solves the problem of inconsistent force measurement benchmarks caused by changes in the length of use.

[0020] 2. The entire force feedback mechanism of the retraction hook in this invention is achieved entirely by a purely mechanical structure, without the need for complex electronic sensors or circuit systems. This not only ensures the realization of product functions but also significantly reduces its material costs, perfectly meeting the economic requirements of disposable medical consumables while avoiding the hassle of disinfection and maintenance.

[0021] 3. The retraction hook of the present invention provides intuitive force feedback, and its unique chain bead structure gives it multi-directional bending flexibility, which can seamlessly fit the complex operation of the surgical site and achieve precise local retraction.

[0022] 4. As a low-cost disposable consumable, the retractor of this invention completely eliminates the risk of cross-infection caused by reuse, and ensures that every patient uses a brand-new instrument in good working order without fatigue damage, thus improving the standard of medical safety. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention (in an unused state).

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connector of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A sectional view.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a strip-shaped observation window on the connector of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic unit of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic element (with 3 layers of elastic tubes) of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A sectional view.

[0030] Figure 8 This is an assembly diagram of the connector and elastic element of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 for Figure 6 A sectional view.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the elastic element of the present invention in an unloaded state.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the first elastic tube of the present invention under stress.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the second elastic tube of the present invention under stress.

[0035] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the third elastic tube of the present invention under stress.

[0036] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the usage state of the present invention.

[0037] Among them: 1. Retractor plate; 1-1. Slot;

[0038] 2. Adjust and fix the connector;

[0039] 3. Hook;

[0040] 4. Connecting parts; 4-1. Elastic element access hole; 4-2. Partition wall; 4-3. Observation window;

[0041] 5. Elastic element; 5-1. Elastic unit; 5-1-1. End step; 5-1-2. Deformation tube; 5-2. First elastic tube; 5-3. Second elastic tube; 5-4. Third elastic tube. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] like Figures 1-7 As shown, a surgical fixation retractor with observable force range includes a retraction hook and a retraction structure for fixing the retraction hook.

[0044] The retraction structure can be a retractor disc 1, which includes multiple retractor disc plates and multiple adjusting and fixing connectors 2. The retractor disc plates are connected end-to-end through the adjusting and fixing connectors 2 to form a ring structure, such as... Figure 1As shown, each retractor disc has multiple slots 1-1 along its outer edge for securing and fixing the retractor hook. It should also be noted that the retraction structure may not necessarily be in the form of a retractor disc 1; for example, the retractor hook may be directly attached to a retraction structure, or the retractor hook may be mounted on an integrated retraction operating table.

[0045] The pull hook includes a hook 3 and a tension band. The hook 3 is located at the end of the tension band. The tension band has a chain bead structure, including several connectors 4 and several elastic elements 5. The two are connected end to end in sequence to form a multi-segment stretchable elastic tension band. The connectors 4 are made of inelastic plastic material, and the elastic elements 5 are made of elastic material. The change in the length of each elastic element 5 corresponds to the change in the tensile force.

[0046] The connector 4 is a hollow cylindrical structure, which can be a cylinder, a square prism, or other cylindrical structures. Each end of the connector 4 has an elastic element access hole 4-1 for fixing the end of the elastic element 5. The connector 4 is internally divided into two chambers, each accommodating the end of an adjacent elastic element 5. A partition wall 4-2 separates the two chambers, ensuring that the movement of the ends of the elastic elements 5 within each chamber does not affect the others. Alternatively, the partition wall 4-2 can be a partition boss, allowing the two chambers to be connected but not interfered with. The connector 4 has an observation window for observing changes in the force on the elastic element 5. The observation window can be an integral part of the connector 4, i.e., the connector 4 can be made entirely transparent, or it can be a strip-shaped observation window 4-3 set along the axial direction of its cylindrical structure.

[0047] The elastic element 5 is composed of multiple independent elastic units 5-1. Each elastic unit 5-1 is a hollow, elongated structure with protruding ends at both ends. Each elastic unit 5-1 is made of an elastic material with the same elastic coefficient. For example, an elastic tube made of elastic rubber can be used. Of course, it can also be made of elastic materials with different elastic coefficients. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the tensile force that the multiple elastic units 5-1 can withstand gradually increases from the outermost layer to the innermost layer.

[0048] Specifically, each elastic unit has the same structure, including end steps 5-1-1 at both ends and deformation tube 5-1-2 in the middle. The main function of deformation tube 5-1-2 is to generate elastic deformation under tension. The main function of end steps 5-1-1 is to cooperate with connector 4 to pull deformation tube 5-1-2 and observe the force on elastic unit 5-1 through its position.

[0049] The elastic element 5 is composed of multiple layers of elastic units 5-1 nested one on top of the other, from the outside to the inside: the first layer of elastic unit (i.e., the outermost layer), the second layer of elastic unit, the third layer of elastic unit, and so on. The end steps 5-1-1 of each layer of elastic unit are arranged in sequence. The end step 5-1-1 of the first layer of elastic unit (i.e., the outermost layer) is engaged at the elastic element access hole 4-1 of the connector 4. The end steps 5-1-1 of the other layers of elastic units are successively moved away from the elastic element access hole 4-1. The end steps 5-1-1 at both ends of each layer of elastic tube are respectively accommodated in a chamber of the adjacent connector 4, and are connected end to end in sequence to form a tension band.

[0050] The end step 5-1-1 of the first elastic unit is close to the elastic element access hole 4-1 of the connector 4, and its diameter is larger than the diameter of the elastic element access hole 4-1. Therefore, when the tension belt is subjected to tension, the connector 4 first pulls the end step 5-1-1 of the first elastic unit. As the tension increases, it then pulls the end step 5-1-1 of the second elastic unit, and so on.

[0051] It should be noted that, in addition to the above-mentioned elastic tube structure, the elastic unit 5-1 can also adopt a spring device, that is, a structure with a spring in the middle and protrusions at both ends. The spring is used for elastic deformation, and the protrusions at both ends facilitate the connection piece 4 to lock and stretch. Springs of different diameters can be selected so that they can be nested one inside the other.

[0052] When the tension band is initially unloaded, such as Figure 10 As shown, each layer of elastic unit 5-1 is in a free state. Therefore, the spacing between the end steps 5-1-1 of each layer of elastic unit 5-1 may be unequal. However, since the length of elastic unit 5-1 is fixed, if the end steps 5-1-1 of adjacent layers on one side are close together in a free state, the other side will necessarily be far away. When observing, you only need to observe one side of the same elastic unit 5-1 at the same time to determine whether it is under force.

[0053] As the tension increases, such as Figures 11-13As shown, the end step 5-1-1 of the first elastic unit closest to the elastic element access hole 4-1 is the first to be subjected to tension, gradually moving towards the end step 5-1-1 of the second elastic unit... and so on. When the last elastic unit 5-1 (i.e., the innermost layer) is also subjected to tension, the end step 5-1-1 of the second to last elastic unit is close to the end step 5-1-1 of the last elastic unit. The force value test range of each elastic unit is a fixed value. The color of each elastic unit 5-1 can be set to a different color. By observing the different positions of the end steps 5-1-1 of each elastic unit through the observation window, it can be determined which elastic unit participates in the tension. The force values ​​of each elastic unit participating in the tension are simply added together to calculate the force value of the tension on a single elastic element 5. Then, the force values ​​of the tension on multiple elastic elements 5 participating in the tension are added together to calculate the force value of the tension on the entire tension strip.

[0054] It should be noted that, considering the deformation limit of the elastic unit, in order to ensure the safety of the elastic force value measurement during use, the innermost elastic unit of the elastic element 5 is set as a buffer layer. Once it is observed that the end steps 5-1-1 on both sides of the innermost elastic unit are attached to the end steps 5-1-1 of the previous layer, that is, the innermost elastic unit has been subjected to tension. Since the tension it is subjected to is slight, the measured force value can be ignored.

[0055] The number of layers of the elastic unit 5-1 is usually determined by the magnitude of the force value that the tension band needs to be measured. Since a buffer layer needs to be set, the minimum number of layers is three.

[0056] This embodiment takes the elastic unit 5-1 as an elastic tube, and each elastic element 5 is provided with 3 layers of elastic tubes as an example to explain the principle of its tensile measurement in detail.

[0057] like Figures 10-13 As shown, there are three layers of elastic tubes, namely the first elastic tube 5-2, the second elastic tube 5-3, and the third elastic tube 5-4. The third elastic tube 5-4 is the innermost layer and serves as a buffer layer. The outermost first elastic tube 5-2 and second elastic tube 5-3 actually participate in the force value measurement. The range of the force value to be measured is divided into two intervals. The force value test interval of each layer is a fixed value (taking 5N as an example). Therefore, the force range of each elastic element 5 is 0~5N and 5~10N respectively.

[0058] Ignoring the elastic deformation of the end steps 5-1-1 of each elastic tube under tension, we mainly consider the elastic deformation of the deformation tube 5-1-2 due to the stretching under force. Each elastic tube is made of elastic material with the same elastic coefficient. Therefore, the greater the force, the longer the deformation length of the corresponding deformation tube 5-1-2.

[0059] like Figure 10As shown, when the hook is not under tension, each elastic tube is in a free state, and there are gaps between the end steps of each elastic tube and the end corresponding to the connector.

[0060] like Figure 11 As shown, when the tensile force is small, i.e. the tensile stress is between 0 and 5 N: only the first elastic tube 5-2 is subjected to force and participates in the tension, while the second elastic tube 5-3 is not subjected to force and does not participate in the tension. There is still a gap between the end steps of the two. At this time, it can be observed through the observation window that there is no gap between the end of the first elastic tube 5-2 and the connector, and there is a gap between the end steps of the second elastic tube 5-3 and the first elastic tube 5-2. It can be determined that the force value of a single elastic element 5 is less than 5 N.

[0061] like Figure 12 As shown, as the force increases further, when the tensile stress is between 5 and 10 N, the end step of the first elastic tube 5-2 is close to the end step of the second elastic tube 5-3. However, since the third elastic tube 5-4 does not participate in the tension, there is a gap between it and the end step of the second elastic tube 5-3. At this time, it can be observed through the observation window that there is no gap between the end steps of the second elastic tube 5-3 and the first elastic tube 5-2, but there is a gap between the end steps of the third elastic tube 5-4 and the second elastic tube 5-3. Therefore, it can be determined that the force value of a single elastic element 5 is between 5 and 10 N.

[0062] like Figure 13 As shown, once it is observed that there is no gap between the end steps of the third elastic tube 5-4 and the second elastic tube 5-3, that is, the surface third elastic tube 5-4 has been subjected to tension, the number of elastic elements 5 involved in the tension is increased, and the force measurement range of the entire tension band is increased.

[0063] It should be noted that the above only uses a three-layer elastic tube as an example. In fact, the force measurement range of each elastic element 5 can be increased by increasing the number of layers of elastic tubes while keeping the elasticity of a single elastic tube unchanged. This will expand the force measurement range of the entire tension band. In this case, the length of the connector 4 needs to be increased at the same time to accommodate more layers of elastic tubes, or the elasticity of a single layer of elastic tube can be increased, that is, the length of its deformation tube can be increased, thereby increasing the force measurement range of each elastic element 5 and thus expanding the force measurement range of the entire tension band.

[0064] In this multi-layer structure of the embodiment, the minimum tensile range of a single elastic element 5 is 0N, meaning that none of the elastic units 5-1 participate in the stretching, and the maximum is the sum of the measurement ranges of all elastic units 5-1, meaning that all elastic units 5-1 in each layer participate in the stretching. In actual surgical use, doctors often use different numbers of elastic elements 5 depending on the required length, and the sum of the values ​​of each elastic element 5 involved in the use is the force on the entire stretching band.

[0065] like Figure 14 As shown, when in use, the length of the stretching band is selected by the doctor according to the actual needs. That is, the wound is hooked by the hook 3, and the stretching band is fixed in the slot 1-1 of the retractor plate 1 at a suitable position to facilitate the exposure of the field of vision and surgical operation. According to the number of layers of elastic unit 5-1 participating in the stretching observed by the connector 4, the measurement value of a single elastic element 5 is observed. Then, the measurement values ​​of multiple elastic elements 5 participating in the stretching are added together to obtain the measurement value of the entire stretching band.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. However, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical fixation retractor with observable range of force, comprising a retraction hook and a retraction structure for fixing the retraction hook, characterized in that, The retractor hook comprises a stretching belt and a retractor hook (3) arranged at the end of the stretching belt, the stretching belt is sequentially and alternately connected by a plurality of connecting pieces (4) and elastic pieces (5) to form a chain bead structure, each connecting piece (4) is provided with an observation window, each elastic piece (5) is sleeved by a plurality of relatively independent elastic units (5-1), each elastic unit (5-1) has a head end and a tail end at both ends, the head end and the tail end of all elastic units (5-1) of each elastic piece (5) are clamped in the adjacent connecting pieces (4) respectively, and gaps exist between the end portions of the elastic units (5-1) of each layer in a free state, when the retractor hook is stretched under force and clamped on the retraction structure, the gaps between the end portions of the elastic units (5-1) of the elastic piece (5) participating in the stretching gradually decrease until they are tightly attached, and the connecting piece (4) is used for determining the force range of the retractor hook by observing the number of the elastic units whose end portions are tightly attached together through the observation window when the retractor hook is stretched under force.

2. The surgical fixation retractor with observable range of force application of claim 1, wherein, The elastic unit (5-1) comprises end portion steps (5-1-1) at both ends and a deformation tube (5-1-2) in the middle, and the end portion steps (5-1-1) at both ends are clamped in the adjacent connecting pieces (4) respectively.

3. The surgical fixation retractor with observable range of force application of claim 1, wherein, The elastic unit (5-1) can withstand increasing tension from the outermost layer to the innermost layer.

4. The surgical fixation retractor with observable range of force application of claim 1, wherein, The elastic unit (5-1) is an elastic rubber pipe structure with a rubber pipe in the middle and protrusions at both ends, or a spring structure with a spring in the middle and protrusions at both ends.

5. The surgical fixation retractor with observable range of force application of claim 1, wherein, The elastic unit (5-1) of the innermost layer of the elastic piece (5) is arranged as a buffer layer.

6. The surgical fixation retractor with observable range of force application of claim 1, wherein, The connecting piece (4) is provided with an elastic piece access hole (4-1) at both ends, and the end portion steps (5-1-1) of the elastic units (5-1) at one end from the outermost layer to the innermost layer are sequentially away from the elastic piece access hole (4-1) from the position close to the elastic piece access hole (4-1).

7. The surgical fixation retractor of observable range of force according to claim 6, characterized in that, The diameter of the elastic piece access hole (4-1) is smaller than the diameter of the end portion step of the elastic unit.

8. The surgical fixation retractor of observable range of force according to claim 1, characterized in that, The observation window is a transparent body of the connecting piece (4), or an observation window (4-3) arranged on the connecting piece (4).

9. The surgical fixation retractor of observable range of force according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting piece (4) is provided with a separation wall (4-2) or a separation boss for separating the end portion steps (5-1-1) of the adjacent elastic pieces (5).

10. The surgical fixation retractor of observable range of force according to claim 1, wherein, The retraction structure is a retractor disc (1), the retractor disc (1) comprises a plurality of retractor disc pieces and an adjusting and fixing connector (2), the retractor disc pieces are sequentially connected in series by the adjusting and fixing connector (2) to form a ring structure, the outer edge of each retractor disc piece is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves (1-1), and the retractor hook is clamped in the clamping grooves (1-1).

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