Display module and head-up display device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a display module and a head-up display device. The display module comprises a display area. In one frame of picture, the display area comprises a first area and a second area. The display module comprises a backlight module and a display panel, and further comprises a first functional layer and a first diaphragm which are located on the side, away from the backlight module, of the display panel. The light emitting device is arranged in the first area, at least part of emergent light is modulated into light capable of being released by the first diaphragm by the first functional layer, and at least part of emergent light is modulated into light capable of being absorbed by the first diaphragm by the first functional layer in the second area. After the first liquid crystal layer and the first polaroid are utilized to absorb and filter light rays in the second area for the first time, the first functional layer and the first diaphragm are continuously utilized to absorb and filter the light rays in the second area for the second time, so that the quantity of the light rays emitted from the second area is greatly reduced, the black state degree in the second area is improved, and the display effect is improved. The display contrast of the display module is improved, so that the display effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and more specifically to a display module and a head-up display device. Background Technology

[0002] In LCD panels, due to the high brightness of the backlight, light leakage is prone to occur in non-display areas. Light leakage can cause poor black levels in non-display areas, resulting in a postcard effect, low image contrast, and severely impacting picture quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, this application provides a display module and a head-up display device to help solve the above problems.

[0004] This application provides a display module, which includes a display area along a direction parallel to the plane where the display module is located; in a frame, the display area includes a first area and a second area; along a direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located, the display module includes: A backlight module that emits outgoing light, including first-type light and / or second-type light; The display panel is located on one side of the backlight module. The display panel includes a first liquid crystal layer, a first polarizer and a second polarizer. The first polarizer is located on the side of the first liquid crystal layer away from the backlight module, and the second polarizer is located on the side of the first liquid crystal layer closer to the backlight module. The first functional layer is located on the side of the display panel away from the backlight module; The first diaphragm is located on the side of the first functional layer away from the backlight module; In the first region, at least a portion of the emitted light is modulated by the first functional layer into light that can be released by the first diaphragm; Within the second region, at least a portion of the emitted light is modulated by the first functional layer into light that can be absorbed by the first membrane.

[0005] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a head-up display device, including the display panel as described above.

[0006] In this embodiment, within the first region, at least a portion of the emitted light is modulated by the first functional layer into light that can be emitted by the first film. The proposed display module includes a first functional layer that can also modulate light, and a first film that can filter light. The first region is the area in the display module that needs to emit light for display. The light transmitted in the first region needs to be able to transmit normally without being absorbed, which is beneficial for the light to pass smoothly through the display panel and the first film to achieve light emission display in the first region. In the second region, the light transmitted, with the cooperation of the first liquid crystal layer and the first polarizer, ensures that most of the light is absorbed by the first polarizer and not emitted outside the display panel. This application further provides that within the second region, at least a portion of the emitted light is modulated by the first functional layer into light that can be absorbed by the first film. The first functional layer further processes the light emitted from the first polarizer, adjusting it to be absorbable by the first film, thus further absorbing the light. In summary, by using the first liquid crystal layer and the first polarizer to absorb and filter the light in the second region once, and then using the first functional layer and the first film to absorb and filter the light in the second region a second time, the amount of light emitted from the second region is significantly reduced, the blackness of the second region is improved, the display contrast of the display module is increased, and thus the display effect is improved. Furthermore, this application utilizes the combined control of the first liquid crystal layer and the first functional layer to adjust the light transmitted in the second region. The adjustment of liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer and the first functional layer can be precise to the pixel level, with high accuracy, which is beneficial for more accurate adjustment of the blackness of the second region. Even when the area of ​​the second region is reduced to the pixel level, there are still certain conditions for achieving a blackness in the second region. This improves the accuracy of adjusting the light output of different areas of the display module, compensates for the difficulty of adjusting the brightness of light in small areas through the backlight module, and has the effect of improving the display quality of the display module. Attached Figure Description

[0007] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0008] Figure 1 This is a plan view of a display module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module; Figure 3 This application provides a schematic diagram of the light emission of a display module in a related technology. Figure 4A schematic diagram of a head-up display device provided in this application; Figure 5 This application provides a schematic diagram of the light emission of a display module. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another display module provided in this application; Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating a light emission method for preventing reflection, as provided in this application; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of light emission from another display module provided in this application; Figure 9 A schematic diagram of light emission from another display module provided in this application; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of yet another head-up display device provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0009] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0010] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort, including new embodiments obtained by combining the various embodiments mentioned in this application without technical conflict, are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0011] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0012] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0013] In the description of this specification, it should be understood that the terms "substantially", "approximately", "about", "about", "roughly", "generally" and "generally" used in the claims and embodiments of this application refer to values ​​that can be generally agreed upon within a reasonable range of process operations or tolerances, rather than a precise value.

[0014] It should be understood that although terms such as "first," "second," etc., may be used to describe areas, polarizers, rays, etc., in the embodiments of this application, these should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish areas, polarizers, rays, etc., from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, the first area may also be referred to as the second area, and similarly, the second area may also be referred to as the first area. Through meticulous and in-depth research, the applicant of this case has provided a solution to the problems existing in the prior art.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a plan view of a display module provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module provided in this application. This application provides a display module 100, such as Figure 1 As shown, along the plane parallel to the display module 100, the display module 100 includes a display area A1. In one frame, the display area A1 includes a first area A11 and a second area A12. The display area A1 displays the image through the first area A11 that emits light and the second area A12 that does not emit light. It should be noted that in different frames, the positions of the first area A11 and the second area A12 in the plane parallel to the display module 100 can be interleaved. The positions of the first area A11 and the second area A12 in different frames are not arranged in a regular pattern; they are distinguished only by whether different areas need to emit light for display. Figure 1 This is a planar schematic diagram showing one frame of the display module 100, illustrated by region E1, which includes a first region A11 that emits light and a second region A12 that does not emit light.

[0016] Combination Figure 2 As shown, along a direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module 100 is located, the display module 100 includes a backlight module 10. The backlight module 10 emits emitted light rays G, which include first-type light rays G1 and / or second-type light rays G2. Taking a liquid crystal display module as an example, the light emitted by the backlight module 10 can include natural light of various types, including first-type light rays G1 and / or second-type light rays G2. Depending on the display requirements, the type of light emitted by the backlight module 10 can be set to include first-type light rays G1. Alternatively, the type of light emitted by the backlight module 10 can be set to include second-type light rays G2. Alternatively, the type of light emitted by the backlight module 10 can be set to include both first-type light rays G1 and second-type light rays G2. The display module 100 completes the light emission display by filtering and selecting the light.

[0017] The display module 100 also includes a display panel 20, which is located on one side of the backlight module 10. The display panel 20 includes a first liquid crystal layer 201, a first polarizer 202, and a second polarizer 203. The first polarizer 202 is located on the side of the first liquid crystal layer 201 away from the backlight module 10, and the second polarizer 203 is located on the side of the first liquid crystal layer 201 closer to the backlight module 10. As can be seen from the above, the display module 100 proposed in this application is a liquid crystal display module, and the display panel 20 is a liquid crystal display panel. The display panel 20 is not self-emissive. The backlight module 10 can provide emitted light G to the display panel 20. Thus, the cooperation of the first liquid crystal layer 201, the first polarizer 202, and the second polarizer 203 enables light to be emitted from the corresponding first region A11 to the outside of the display panel 20, and the cooperation of the first liquid crystal layer 201, the first polarizer 202, and the second polarizer 203 enables light to be non-emitted from the corresponding second region A12 to the outside of the display panel 20. The first liquid crystal layer 201 includes multiple pixels, and each pixel contains liquid crystal molecules. The arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules can be controlled by voltage. Each pixel includes pixel electrodes and a common electrode distributed on both sides of the first liquid crystal layer 201 in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the display panel 20. The common electrode is typically a continuous structure with equal potential. Each pixel electrode is provided for a specific pixel. Applying voltage to the pixel electrodes provides an electric field to the pixel, which can regulate the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules.

[0018] For example, the light reaching the first liquid crystal layer 201 is linearly polarized light. Linearly polarized light includes vertically polarized light (S) and parallelly polarized light (P). Taking the plane of the first liquid crystal layer 201 as the incident surface, among the light incident on the first liquid crystal layer 201, light with a polarization direction perpendicular to the incident surface is vertically polarized light (S), and light with a polarization direction parallel to the incident surface is parallelly polarized light (P). Whether the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer can deflect light depends on their arrangement. Taking the display mode of the display module 100 as TN (Twisted Nematic) mode as an example, in a pixel of the first liquid crystal layer 201: when no electric field is applied to the pixel, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in a 90-degree twisted pattern. In the direction perpendicular to the plane of the display panel 20, the light passing through the pixel will rotate 90 degrees synchronously with the liquid crystal molecules, thus deflecting the light passing through the pixel. If vertically polarized light S is twisted, it is called parallelly polarized light (P), or if parallelly polarized light P is twisted, it is called vertically polarized light (S). When a specific electric field is applied to the pixel, the twisted arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules is disrupted under the influence of the electric field, and the liquid crystal molecules in the pixel lose their optical rotation, so that the light passing through the pixel is not deflected. For example, vertically polarized light S remains vertically polarized light S after passing through the first liquid crystal layer 201, and parallelly polarized light P remains parallelly polarized light P after passing through the first liquid crystal layer 201. Based on the above-described light processing principle of the first liquid crystal layer 201, we will continue to explain how the first liquid crystal layer 201 and the first polarizer 202 cooperate to achieve light emission from the first region A11 and light non-emission from the second region A12. In this embodiment, we take the example that the emitted light ray G1 includes vertically polarized light S and parallelly polarized light P, and specifically take the first type of light ray G1 as vertically polarized light S and the second type of light ray G2 as parallelly polarized light P for explanation.

[0019] The function of a polarizer is to allow light to pass through in only one direction. Since different types of polarized light have different polarization directions, the polarizer filters different types of light. Taking the first polarizer 202 as an example, which only allows type 1 light (G1) to pass through and does not allow type 2 light (G2) or other types of light to pass through, after the light modulated by the first liquid crystal layer 201 is transmitted to the first polarizer 202, the type 1 light (G1) passing through the first liquid crystal layer 201 can pass through the first polarizer 202, thus allowing the light to be output outside the display panel 20; the type 2 light (G2) passing through the first liquid crystal layer 201 is absorbed and cannot pass through the second polarizer 203, thus preventing the light from being output outside the display panel 20. Like the first polarizer 202, the second polarizer 203 allows light to pass through in only one direction. Before the light emitted from the backlight module 10 reaches the first liquid crystal layer 201, the second polarizer 203 filters the light, ensuring that the light reaching the first liquid crystal layer 201 is essentially of the same type, facilitating modulation of the first liquid crystal layer 201. Taking the example that all light reaching the first liquid crystal layer 201 is of type 1 light G1, and we require the light emitted from the display panel 20 to be type 1 light G1, the second polarizer 203 allows type 1 light G1 from the emitted light G provided by the backlight module 10 to pass through, while disallowing other types of light besides type 1 light G1, such as type 2 light G2, from the emitted light G provided by the backlight module 10.

[0020] Considering the first region A11 and the second region A12 within the first region E1, the first region A11 is the area that needs to emit light. Therefore, this region needs to output first-type light rays G1. This can be achieved by configuring multiple pixels in the first liquid crystal layer 201 corresponding to the first region A11 to receive specific electric field modulation. This prevents the liquid crystal molecules in the pixels of the first region A11 from rotating and maintaining the first-type light ray G1, which is then output to the first polarizer 202. The first polarizer 202 allows the first-type light ray G1 to pass through, thus achieving light emission from the first region A11. The second region A12 is the area that does not need to emit light, so this region needs not to output light, meaning the light in the second region A12 is absorbed by the first polarizer 202. This can be achieved by configuring multiple pixels in the first liquid crystal layer 201 corresponding to the second region A12 to not apply an electric field. This causes the liquid crystal molecules in the pixels of the second region A12 in the first liquid crystal layer 201 to rotate with the first type of light G1, turning it into the second type of light G2, which is then output to the first polarizer 202. The first polarizer 202 does not allow the second type of light G2 to pass through, thereby preventing the second region A12 from emitting light.

[0021] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of light emission from a display module in a related technology provided in this application.

[0022] The above example has illustrated how the display module 100 achieves light emission from the first region A11 and non-light emission from the second region A12 through the first liquid crystal layer 201, the first polarizer 202, and the second polarizer 203. In the research work on liquid crystal display modules, combined with... Figure 3 As shown, the following explanation continues, taking the display panel 20' as an example where it outputs the first type of light G1, and both the first polarizer 202' and the second polarizer 203' are polarizers that can absorb the second type of light G2 through the first type of light G1. It was found that, due to the large brightness of the backlight module 10 or certain modulation errors in the liquid crystal layer, the first type of light G1 that should have been transmitted from the second region A12' to the first liquid crystal layer 201' can easily be deflected into the second type of light G2 at the position corresponding to the second region A12'. However, in actual display, at the position corresponding to the second region A12', some of the first type of light G1 is still not deflected into the second type of light G2 by the liquid crystal molecules and output to the first polarizer 202'. However, this part of the first type of light G1 passes through the first polarizer 202', causing some light to be emitted from the second region A12', resulting in the second region A12' not reaching an acceptable black state. This results in light emanating from areas that don't need to emit light within a single frame. When the light emission from the second area A12' is high, it affects the contrast of the displayed image, negatively impacting the display effect of the display module 100'. Based on the above example, research has found that when using liquid crystal display modules in related technologies, there is a phenomenon where the second area A12', which doesn't normally emit light, is prone to light leakage, affecting the display effect.

[0023] To solve the above problems, please refer to... Figure 2 As shown, this application proposes that the display module 100 further include a first functional layer 30 and a first film 40. The first functional layer 30 is located on the side of the display panel 20 away from the backlight module 10. The first film 40 is located on the side of the first functional layer 30 away from the backlight module 10. In this way, the light emitted from the display panel 20 will not directly exit the display module 100, but will continue to be processed by the first functional layer 30 and the first film 40 before exiting the display module 100.

[0024] In this embodiment, within the first region A11, at least a portion of the emitted light is modulated by the first functional layer 30 into light that can be emitted by the first film 40. The proposed display module 100 includes a first functional layer 30 that can also modulate light, and a first film 40 that can filter light. The first region A11 is the area in the display module 100 that needs to emit light for display. The light transmitted in the first region A11 needs to be able to transmit normally without being absorbed, which is beneficial for the light to pass smoothly through the display panel 20 and the first film 40 to achieve the light emission display of the first region A11.

[0025] In the second region A12, the light transmitted through the first liquid crystal layer 201 and the first polarizer 202, with the cooperation of these two elements, results in most of the light being absorbed by the first polarizer 202 and not emitted outside the display panel 20. However, according to related technologies, some light may not be deflected by the first liquid crystal layer 201 and thus becomes light that the first polarizer 202 can absorb, causing the first polarizer 202 corresponding to the second region A12 to also emit some light. Although this amount of light is less than that emitted by the first polarizer 202 corresponding to the first region A11, it still poses a risk of affecting the display effect. Therefore, this application further configures that in the second region A12, at least a portion of the emitted light is modulated by the first functional layer 30 into light that can be absorbed by the first film 40. The first functional layer 30 further processes the light emitted from the first polarizer 202, adjusting it to be absorbable by the first film 40, thereby further absorbing the light. In summary, by using the first liquid crystal layer 201 and the first polarizer 202 to absorb and filter the light in the second region A12 once, and then using the first functional layer 30 and the first film 40 to absorb and filter the light in the second region A12 a second time, the amount of light emitted from the second region A12 is greatly reduced, the blackness of the second region A12 is improved, the display contrast of the display module 100 is improved, and thus the display effect is improved. Furthermore, this application utilizes the joint regulation of the first liquid crystal layer 201 and the first functional layer 30 to adjust the light transmitted within the second region A12. The adjustment of liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 201 and the first functional layer 30 can be accurate to the pixel level, with high precision. This facilitates more accurate adjustment of the black state of the second region A12. Even when the area of ​​the second region A12 is reduced to the pixel level, there are still certain conditions to achieve the black state of the second region A12. This improves the accuracy of adjusting the light output of different areas of the display module 100, and makes up for the difficulty of adjusting the brightness of light in small areas through the backlight module 10. This has the effect of improving the display quality of the display module 100.

[0026] It should be noted that in the light emission diagram of the display module provided in this application, the light rays marked below the film layer are the types of light rays reaching the film layer, and the light rays marked above the film layer are the types of light rays output from the film layer. Furthermore, the above description uses the display module 100 in TN (Twisted Nematic) mode, where the first type of light ray G1 needs to be emitted outside the display panel 20, as an example. In practical applications, the structure of the display module 100 proposed in this application can also be similarly applied to multiple display modes such as ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringence), IPS (In-Plane Switching), and VA (Vertical Alignment liquid crystal). In multiple display modes, there is a similar risk of light leakage in the second region A12, which does not require emitted light. The first functional layer 30 and the first film 40 are used to further absorb and filter the light leaking from the display panel 20 in the second region A12, reducing light leakage in the second region A12 and improving the display effect.

[0027] In one embodiment of this application, the first type of ray G1 is vertically polarized light, and the second type of ray G2 is parallelly polarized light. Both vertically polarized light and parallelly polarized light are linearly polarized light.

[0028] In one embodiment of this application, reference continues to be made to... Figure 1 As shown, the first film 40 includes a third polarizer 401. The third polarizer 401 is advantageous for enabling the first film 40 to filter light, and works in conjunction with the first functional layer 30 to perform a second processing on the light emitted from the display panel 20.

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a head-up display device provided in this application.

[0030] In applications of display module 100, it can be used in the automotive field, such as in head-up display (HUD) 200. Figure 4As shown, the head-up display device 200 includes a display module 100, a plane mirror 2001, and a curved mirror 2002. The display module 100 emits light to display driving information. The plane mirror 2001 receives the light emitted from the display module 100 and reflects it to the curved mirror 2002. The curved mirror 2002 transmits the displayed content to the windshield 300, and the windshield 300 reflects the light content to the human eye 400. Thus, the human eye 400 can obtain a driving information image X1 from a viewing angle facing the windshield 300. The driving information image X1 may include information about the vehicle's operating status. This reduces the frequency of the driver looking down or turning their head while driving, allowing the driver to observe driving information simultaneously while looking at the road ahead, thus improving driving safety.

[0031] Here, we adopt a display module 100 structure including a display panel 20, a first functional layer 30, and a first film 40, which helps to improve the contrast of the display module 100 and the clarity of the displayed content. This results in a better visual effect when the content on the display module 100 is presented to the human eye. Based on the above, the light emitted from the curved mirror 2002 needs to be projected onto the windshield 300, and the windshield 300 reflects the light to the human eye 400. Therefore, in order for the human eye 400 to clearly observe the displayed content, the light emitted from the curved mirror 2002 needs to have a certain reflectivity.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the light emission of a display module provided in this application.

[0033] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 5 As shown, at least a portion of the first type of light G1 passes through the first diaphragm 40, and at least a portion of the second type of light G2 is absorbed by the first diaphragm 40. The reflectivity of the first type of light G1 is greater than that of the second type of light G2. In this embodiment, the light emitted from the first region A11 of the display module 100 is the first type of light G1, which is beneficial to improving the reflectivity of the light emitted from the display module 100. Furthermore, when the display module 100 is integrated into devices requiring high reflectivity light, such as a head-up display device 200, it ensures that the amount of light reflected reaches the human eye 400, thereby improving visual efficiency.

[0034] For the second region A12, which does not require light emission, the first liquid crystal layer 201 modulates the light so that it can be absorbed by the first polarizer 202, and the light emitted from the first functional layer 30 to the first film 40 is absorbable by the first film 40. This helps to ensure that the amount of light emitted from the second region A12 is small, thus achieving a black state in the second region A12. For the first region A11, which requires light emission, the first liquid crystal layer 201 modulates the light so that it can be released by the first polarizer 202, and the light emitted from the first functional layer 30 to the first film 40 is releaseable by the first film 40. This helps to ensure sufficient light emission from the first region A11, thus ensuring the display effect of the first region A11.

[0035] refer to Figure 5 As shown, taking the second polarizer 203 as an example, which can transmit the first type of light G1 to the first liquid crystal layer 201, and the display mode of the display module 100 is TN mode, the first polarizer 202 and the third polarizer 401 are both polarizer types that can release the first type of light G1 and absorb the second type of light G2.

[0036] Corresponding to the first region A11, after the first type of light ray G1 reaches the first liquid crystal layer 201, it applies an electric field to the liquid crystal molecules in the pixels within the first region A11. This disrupts the twisted arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules, and most of the first type of light ray G1 passing through the pixels in the first region A11 remains undistorted and is output to the first polarizer 202. The first polarizer 202 then releases the first type of light ray G1 from the first region A11 to the first functional layer 30. After the first type of light ray G1 reaches the first functional layer 30, if it is passable by the first film 40, the first functional layer 30 ensures that the received first type of light ray G1 maintains its original type, allowing it to continue passing through the first functional layer 30 to reach the first film 40. The first film 40 then releases the first type of light ray G1 from the first region A11 outside the display module 100.

[0037] Corresponding to the second region A12, after the first type of light ray G1 reaches the first liquid crystal layer 201, no electric field is applied to the liquid crystal molecules in the pixels within the first region A11. Most of the first type of light ray G1 passing through the pixels in the first region A11 is distorted into second type of light ray G2. When a small amount of the first type of light ray G1 is not distorted, a large amount of second type of light ray G2 and a small amount of first type of light ray G1 are output to the first polarizer 202. The first polarizer 202 absorbs the large amount of second type of light ray G2 received from the second region A12 and releases the small amount of first type of light ray G1 to the first functional layer 30. After the small amount of first type of light ray G1 reaches the first functional layer 30, since the second type of light ray G1 is absorbable by the first film 40, the first functional layer 30 further modulates the first type of light ray G1 from the first polarizer 202 into second type of light ray G2, further reducing the amount of first type of light ray G1 in the second region A12. Thus, the first functional layer 30 outputs the second type of light G2, which reaches the first film 40, and the first film 40 absorbs the second type of light G2. At this time, the amount of light released from the second region A12 is extremely small or even non-existent, which is beneficial to achieving the black state requirement of the second region A12, improving the display contrast of the display module 100, and thus improving the display effect of the display module 100.

[0038] In one embodiment of this application, reference continues to be made to... Figure 5 As shown, at least a portion of the first type of light G1 passes through the display panel 20, thus the light type transmitted from the display panel 20 to the first functional layer 30 is the first type of light G1. The first functional layer 30 needs to further process the first type of light G1. When at least a portion of the first type of light G1 needs to pass through the first diaphragm 40, and at least a portion of the second type of light G2 is absorbed by the first diaphragm 40, we know that the first type of light G1 is the type of light emitted from the first region A11 that we need. In this way, for the first region A11, the display panel 20 can directly emit the first type of light G1, which helps to avoid the first functional layer 30 further processing the light into a form that the first diaphragm 40 can absorb, reduces the number of modulations of the light in the first region A11, helps to reduce the degree of light loss in the first region A11, ensures the amount of light emitted from the first region A11, and improves the light emission effect of the first region A11.

[0039] In one embodiment of this application, reference continues to be made to... Figure 5 As shown, within the first region A11, at least a portion of the first type of light rays G1 passes through the first functional layer 30, and the first functional layer 30 does not modulate this portion of the first type of light rays G1. This allows the first type of light rays G1 reaching the first functional layer 30 within the first region A11 to pass smoothly through the first functional layer 30 and reach the first diaphragm 40, reducing the loss of the first type of light rays G1. Subsequently, the first diaphragm 40 releases the first type of light rays G1, completing the light output display of the first region A11. Within the second region A12, at least a portion of the first type of light G1, after passing through the first functional layer 30, is modulated by the first functional layer 30 into second type of light G2. The first type of light G1 is permissible through the first film 40 and the second polarizer 203. In the second region A12, the first type of light G1 emitted from the second polarizer 203 is due to either excessive brightness of the light emitted from the backlight module 10 or overexposure during modulation by the first liquid crystal layer 201. To prevent this portion of the first type of light G1 from escaping through the first film 40, it is further modulated. The first functional layer 30 modulates at least a portion of the first type of light G1 reaching its film layer into second type of light G2, ensuring that the second type of light G2 is absorbed by the first film 40 and not released. This helps reduce the amount of light emitted from the second region A12, maintains the black level of the second region A12, and improves the display contrast.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of another display module provided in this application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a light emission method to prevent reflection, as provided in this application.

[0041] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 6 As shown, the first film 40 also includes a first phase delayer 402, which is located between the third polarizer 401 and the first functional layer 30. The first phase delayer 402 can delay the phase of the passing light, transforming it into another type of light. If films such as the first liquid crystal layer 201 and the first functional layer 30 can control the deflection of liquid crystal molecules through an electric field, thereby achieving different modulations of light, for example, by providing different electric fields to the first liquid crystal layer 201, the first type of light G1 passing through the first liquid crystal layer 201 can be modulated into a second type of light G2 or other types of light. Then, the first phase delayer 402 is equivalent to a liquid crystal layer with a fixed liquid crystal arrangement, and its degree of light modulation is fixed. Positioning the first phase delayer 402 between the third polarizer 401 and the first functional layer 30 facilitates the processing of light between the third polarizer 401 and the first functional layer 30 using the first phase delayer 402.

[0042] In the first region A11, at least a portion of the emitted light rays G pass through the first phase delayer 402 and then through the third polarizer 401, such that the light rays emitted from the first functional layer 30 to the first phase delayer 402 can be modulated by the first phase delayer 402 into first-type light rays G1. In the second region A12, at least a portion of the emitted light rays G are absorbed by the third polarizer 401 after passing through the first phase delayer 402, such that the light rays emitted from the first functional layer 30 to the first phase delayer 402 can be modulated by the first phase delayer 402 into second-type light rays G2.

[0043] In applications of display module 100, the problem of sunlight Y backflow arises. For example, in the display module 100 of a head-up display device 200, sunlight Y is projected onto the display module 100 through the windshield 300, and the third polarizer 401 of the display module 100 allows first-type light rays G1 to pass through. Taking the first functional layer 30 as a liquid crystal layer as an example, the surface of the liquid crystal layer can be a layer of glass. When sunlight Y reaches the first functional layer 30, there is a risk of reflection. At least some of the first-type light rays G1 included in sunlight Y will directly reach the first functional layer 30 through the third polarizer 401. At this time, some of the first-type light rays G1 are reflected from the first functional layer 30 out of the display module 100. These reflected rays will affect the display effect. Especially for the second area A12, if strong sunlight is reflected from the second area A12 out of the display module 100, it will cause display blurring and other effects. Even without the first functional layer 30, at least a portion of the first type of light rays G1 in sunlight Y is at risk of reaching the first liquid crystal layer 201 and then being reflected.

[0044] Therefore, in this embodiment of the application, in order to improve the reflection problem of ambient light, combined with Figure 7 As shown, a first phase delayer 402 is proposed to be set between the first functional layer 30 and the third polarizer 401. This allows the first type of light G1 included in sunlight Y to have its polarization state adjusted by the first phase delayer 402 as it travels to the first functional layer 30. Furthermore, the light reflected from the first functional layer 30 will not directly exit the display module 100, but will be processed by the first phase delayer 402 before reaching the third polarizer 401. At this point, the light has been adjusted to be light that cannot pass through the third polarizer 401, thereby preventing sunlight backflow.

[0045] For example, such as Figure 7As shown, the phase delay of the first phase delayer 402 is set to π / 2. Optionally, the first phase delayer 402 is a quarter-wave plate. The first type of ray G1 is vertically polarized, and the second type of ray G2 is parallel polarized. Then, the first type of ray G1 in sunlight Y is modulated into right-handed polarized light R after passing through the first phase delayer 402. Vertically polarized light and right-handed polarized light can be interconverted through the first phase delayer 402 with a phase delay of π / 2. When the right-handed polarized light R reaches the first functional layer 30, if there is a reflective surface, the right-handed polarized light R can be converted into left-handed polarized light L after reflection. The left-handed polarized light L will exit towards the third polarizer 401. Left-handed polarized light L and parallel polarized light can be interconverted through the first phase delayer 402 with a phase delay of π / 2. Therefore, the left-handed polarized light L is modulated into a second type of light G2 after passing through the first phase delayer 402. The second type of light G2 is absorbed after reaching the third polarizer 401, so that the sunlight Y incident on the display module 100 will not be reflected out of the display module 100, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the reflection problem of external ambient light.

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the light emission of another display module provided in this application.

[0047] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, at least a portion of the second type of light G2 is configured to pass through the display panel 20, making the first polarizer 202 a type of polarizer that allows the second type of light G2 to pass through while absorbing the first type of light G2. Taking the third polarizer 203 as an example, which allows the second type of light G2 to pass through while absorbing the first type of light G1, the explanation is as follows: After the second type of light G2 reaches the first liquid crystal layer 201, the second type of light G2 transmitted within the first region A11 is not modulated by the first liquid crystal layer 201, so that the second type of light G2 is output from the display panel 20 after reaching the first polarizer 202; the second type of light G2 transmitted within the second region A12 is modulated by the first liquid crystal layer 201 into the first type of light G1, so that the first type of light G1 is absorbed after reaching the first polarizer 202, reducing the amount of light emitted from the second region A12.

[0048] In one embodiment of this application, reference continues to be made to... Figure 8As shown, in the first region A11, the second type of ray G2, after passing through the first functional layer 30, is modulated into the third type of ray G3 by the first functional layer 30. In the second region A12, the second type of ray G2, after passing through the first functional layer 30, is modulated into the fourth type of ray G4 by the first functional layer 30. In this embodiment, the phase delay of the first phase delay unit 402 is π / 2 as an example. In this case, the third type of ray G3 can be right-handed polarized light, and the fourth type of ray G4 can be left-handed polarized light. In one embodiment of this application, in the first region A11, the third type of ray G1 is modulated into the first type of ray G1 by the first phase delay unit 402, and in the second region A12, the fourth type of ray G2 is modulated into the second type of ray G2 by the first phase delay unit 402. The first type of ray G1 and the third type of ray G3 can be mutually converted through the first phase delay unit 402, and the second type of ray G2 and the fourth type of ray G4 can be mutually converted through the first phase delay unit 402.

[0049] In this embodiment, within the first region A11, the first functional layer 30 modulates the received light type so that it can be converted into first type light G1 after passing through the first phase delayer 402. Within the second region A12, the first functional layer 30 modulates the received light type so that it can be converted into second type light G2 after passing through the first phase delayer 402. This facilitates the normal light output display of the first region A11 after adding the first phase delayer 40, and the black state of the second region A12. This helps to reduce the risk of reflection such as sunlight backflow while improving the display contrast of the display module 100.

[0050] In one embodiment of this application, the third type ray G3 and the fourth type ray G4 are orthogonally polarized, which facilitates the interconversion of the third type ray G3 and the fourth type ray G4 during reflection, such as the third type ray G3 being converted into the fourth type ray G4 after reflection. Thus, referring to... Figure 7 As shown, this facilitates the process where the first type of light ray G1 incident on the display module 100 is converted into the third type of light ray G3 by the first phase delayer 402, the third type of light ray G3 is reflected and becomes the fourth type of light ray G4, and the fourth type of light ray G4 is modulated by the first phase converter 402 and converted into the second type of light ray G2, which is then absorbed by the third polarizer 401. Optionally, the third type of light ray G3 and the fourth type of light ray G4 are orthogonally circularly polarized, with the third type of light ray G3 being right-handedly polarized and the fourth type of light ray G4 being left-handedly polarized. The process of mutual conversion between right-handedly and left-handedly polarized light through reflection by the reflective surface is easier to achieve, which is beneficial to improving the anti-reflection effect of the display module 100.

[0051] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the light emission of another display module provided in this application.

[0052] In one embodiment of this application, such as Figure 9 As shown, the display module 100 also includes a second phase delay unit 50, which is located between the display panel 20 and the first functional layer 30.

[0053] Within region A11, the second type of ray G2, after passing through the second phase delay unit 50, is modulated into a fourth type of ray G4 by the second phase delay unit 50. Within region A12, the second type of ray G2, after passing through the second phase delay unit 50, is modulated into a fourth type of ray G4 by the second phase delay unit 50. The second phase delay unit 50 can delay the phase of the passing ray, transforming it into another type of ray.

[0054] Continue to refer to Figure 8 It can be seen that, in the light emitted from the first functional layer 30 to the first phase delayer 50, for the first region A11, the second type of light G2 emitted from the display panel 20 needs to be modulated into the third type of light G3; for the second region A12, the second type of light G2 emitted from the display panel 20 needs to be modulated into the fourth type of light G4. It can be concluded that, at this time, the first region A11 and the second region A12 of the first functional layer 30 need to perform different electric field modulations, thereby achieving modulation of the light in both regions A11 and A12, and performing different modulations. At this time, the power consumption and modulation program of the first functional layer 30 are relatively complex.

[0055] Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 9 As shown, a second phase delayer 50 is configured so that the second type of light G2 emitted from the display panel 20 first reaches the second phase delayer 50. After the first processing by the second phase delayer 50, the light is then output to the first functional layer 30. At this time, the light emitted from the second region A12 in the light output from the second phase delayer 50 has been modulated into a fourth type of light G4 and output to the first functional layer 30. At this time, the first functional layer 30 can directly output the fourth type of light G4 received in the second region A12 to the first phase delayer 402 without processing it. Both the second phase delayer 50 and the first phase delayer 402 are film layers with fixed delay phases, which can be considered as film layers that do not require electronic control access. This is beneficial for reducing power consumption to achieve light modulation, thereby reducing the power consumption and modulation program complexity of the first functional layer 30. For example, the phase delay of the second phase delayer 50 is also π / 2, which is beneficial for converting the second type of light G2 into the fourth type of light G4 after passing through the second phase delayer 50.

[0056] Continue to refer to Figure 9As shown, in the first region A11, the fourth type of light ray G4 is modulated into the third type of light ray G3 after passing through the first functional layer 30. The third type of light ray G3 is then modulated into the first type of light ray G1 after passing through the first phase delayer 402. The first type of light ray G1 then passes through the third polarizer 50. In the second region A12, the fourth type of light ray G4 passes directly through the first functional layer 30, and then, after passing through the first phase delayer 402, is modulated into the second type of light ray G2. The second type of light ray G2 is absorbed by the third polarizer 50.

[0057] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of yet another head-up display device provided in this application.

[0058] This application provides a head-up display device 200, such as Figure 10 As shown, the head-up display device 200 includes a display module 100 as provided in the above embodiment. Figure 10 As shown, the head-up display device 200 includes a dustproof film 2003, a plane mirror 2001, and a curved mirror 2002. The display module 100 can emit light to display driving information. The plane mirror 2001 receives the light emitted from the display module 100 and reflects it to the curved mirror 2002. The curved mirror 2002 transmits the display content to the windshield 300, and the windshield 300 reflects the light content to the human eye 400. Thus, the human eye 400 can obtain a driving information image X1 from a viewing angle facing the windshield 300. The driving information image X1 may include content related to the vehicle's operating status. This reduces the frequency of the driver looking down or turning their head while driving, allowing the driver to observe driving information while looking at the road ahead, which is beneficial to improving driving safety. The dustproof film 2003 is located in the path of the light emitted from the plane mirror 2001, which helps reduce the amount of dust and other impurities falling into the head-up display device 200.

[0059] Optionally, the third polarizer 401 mentioned in the above embodiments can be integrated into the dustproof film 2003, which helps to reduce the structural thickness of the display module 100 and allows the light emitted from the display panel 20 to be further filtered by the third polarizer 50.

[0060] Optionally, the third polarizer 401 and the first phase delayer 402 mentioned in the above embodiments are both integrated within the dustproof film, which helps to reduce the structural thickness of the display module 100 and allows the light emitted from the display panel 20 to be further filtered by the third polarizer 50 and prevent sunlight Y backflow. (Continue to refer to...) Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 The process of light emission by the head-up display 200 to prevent backlighting is shown. For example... Figure 10As shown, the first type of ray G1 in sunlight Y enters the head-up display device 200 through the third polarizer 401. After passing through the first phase delay unit 402, the first type of ray G1 is modulated into a third type of ray G3 and transmitted to the curved mirror 2002. The third type of ray G3 is reflected after reaching the curved mirror 2002, and after reflection, it is converted into a fourth type of ray G4 and transmitted to the plane mirror 2001. The fourth type of ray G4 is reflected after reaching the plane mirror 2001, and after reflection, it is converted into a third type of ray G3 and transmitted to the first functional layer 30. The third type of ray G3 is reflected after reaching the first functional layer 30, and after reflection, it is converted into a fourth type of ray G4 and transmitted to the plane mirror 2001. The fourth type of ray 2001 is reflected after reaching the plane mirror 2001, and after reflection, it is converted into a third type of ray G3 and transmitted to the curved mirror 2002. The third type of light ray G3 is reflected after reaching the curved mirror 2002. The reflected third type of light ray G3 is converted into a fourth type of light ray G43 and transmitted to the first phase delay unit 402. After passing through the first phase delay unit 402, the fourth type of light ray G4 is modulated into a second type of light ray G2 and transmitted to the third polarizer 401. The third polarizer 401 absorbs the second type of light ray G2 and prevents it from being output outside the head-up display device 200, thereby preventing sunlight backflow.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A display module, characterized in that, Along a direction parallel to the plane where the display module is located, the display module includes a display area; in a frame, the display area includes a first area and a second area; along a direction perpendicular to the plane where the display module is located, the display module includes: A backlight module that emits outgoing light, the outgoing light including first type of light and / or second type of light; The display panel is located on one side of the backlight module; the display panel includes a first liquid crystal layer, a first polarizer and a second polarizer, the first polarizer is located on the side of the first liquid crystal layer away from the backlight module, and the second polarizer is located on the side of the first liquid crystal layer close to the backlight module. The first functional layer is located on the side of the display panel away from the backlight module; The first diaphragm is located on the side of the first functional layer away from the backlight module; In the first region, at least a portion of the emitted light is modulated by the first functional layer into light that can be emitted by the first diaphragm; Within the second region, at least a portion of the emitted light is modulated by the first functional layer into light that can be absorbed by the first diaphragm.

2. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first type of light is vertically polarized light, and the second type of light is parallel polarized light.

3. The display module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first diaphragm includes a third polarizer.

4. The display module according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least a portion of the first type of light passes through the first membrane, and at least a portion of the second type of light is absorbed by the first membrane.

5. The display module according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least a portion of the first type of light passes through the display panel.

6. The display module according to claim 5, characterized in that, Within the first region, at least a portion of the first type of light passes through the first functional layer; Within the second region, at least a portion of the first type of light is modulated into the second type of light by the first functional layer after passing through it.

7. The display module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first diaphragm further includes a first phase delayer located between the third polarizer and the first functional layer; in the first region, at least a portion of the outgoing light passes through the third polarizer after passing through the first phase delayer, and in the second region, at least a portion of the outgoing light is absorbed by the third polarizer after passing through the first phase delayer.

8. The display module according to claim 7, characterized in that, At least a portion of the second type of light passes through the display panel.

9. The display module according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the first region, the second type of light is modulated into the third type of light by the first functional layer after passing through the first functional layer. In the second region, the second type of light is modulated into the fourth type of light by the first functional layer after passing through the first functional layer.

10. The display module according to claim 9, characterized in that, In the first region, the third type of light is modulated into the first type of light by the first phase delayer, and in the second region, the fourth type of light is modulated into the second type of light by the first phase delayer.

11. The display module according to claim 10, characterized in that, The third type of ray and the fourth type of ray are orthogonally polarized.

12. The display module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The display module further includes a second phase delay unit, which is located between the display panel and the first functional layer. In the first region, the second type of light is modulated into the fourth type of light by the second phase delayer after passing through the second phase delayer; in the second region, the second type of light is modulated into the fourth type of light by the second phase delayer after passing through the second phase delayer.

13. A head-up display device, characterized in that, Includes the display module as described in any one of claims 1-12.

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