Intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation method and system for medium-voltage UPQC

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation method and system for a medium-voltage UPQC, and relates to the technical field of power systems and power electronics. The method comprises the following steps: establishing three-phase synchronous acquisition at an access point, and analyzing a disturbance type, severity, an event time window and a time reference to form monitoring evaluation; de-noising and state estimation are carried out under a unified time mark to form a voltage and current state quantity; short-term prediction is implemented according to the state quantity and evaluation, voltage feed-forward and current feed-forward are given, a cooperation margin is calculated in combination with direct-current link constraint, and voltage and current reference and amplitude limiting are generated; injection voltage is formed under voltage reference and amplitude limiting; the injection current is formed under current reference and amplitude limiting, and the injection current is converged into an event handling record and an operation record. A monitoring-prediction-forming link is run through under a unified time scale, direct current, electric quantity and thermal-modulation resources are uniformly constrained by a cooperative margin to realize allocation and amplitude limiting, and the traceability and quick disposal capability are maintained by assisting with feedforward and hierarchical defense.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power system and power electronics technology, specifically a method and system for intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation of medium-voltage UPQC. Background Technology

[0002] In medium-voltage distribution networks, under conditions of rapid integration of new loads and fluctuations in renewable energy sources, voltage spikes and drops, flicker, harmonics, and imbalances are occurring at higher frequencies. Traditional static var compensators (SVCs) and passive filters rely on setpoint configurations, resulting in limited dynamic adaptability. Voltage recovery devices based on series compensation and active filters based on parallel compensation are deployed in dispersed manner in engineering projects, lacking a unified monitoring framework and consistent time scale, making it difficult to classify and uniformly handle disturbances across events.

[0003] Unified Power Quality Control (UPQC) integrates series-side voltage injection and parallel-side current injection in its topology, sharing energy through a DC link to cover voltage drops, flicker, harmonics, and imbalances. Existing solutions often employ rule-based triggering and fixed priority sequences, with DC-side states, device thermal states, and modulation depth constraints typically given as independent thresholds, lacking a unified characterization of allocable margins. In high-power-density scenarios, amplitude limiting and bandwidth derating lack coordinated strategies, easily leading to resource mismatch and recovery lag.

[0004] Based on the above situation, a unified approach for the medium-voltage side is urgently needed: continuous monitoring and categorized assessment should be completed under a unified timescale to generate transferable monitoring and assessment information; a clear data link should be established between prediction and shaping; allocable resources should be characterized with a single cooperative margin under shared DC link constraints, and references and limits should be provided in the order of voltage recovery priority, imbalance correction subordinate, and harmonic suppression subsequent; simultaneously, a closed-loop correction and hierarchical defense strategy driven by operation records should be established, enabling limits, delays, and protection coordination parameters to be updated based on event evidence, and maintaining minimum measurement and recording capabilities during abnormal phases. These technical requirements constitute the background for this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation method and system for medium-voltage UPQC to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation in medium-pressure UPQC includes:

[0008] S1. Establish a three-phase synchronous acquisition channel at the access point to obtain unified time-scaled samples of three-phase voltage and current. Analyze the unified time-scaled samples to generate disturbance type, severity level, event time window and time base, and obtain monitoring and evaluation information.

[0009] S2. Denoise and state estimation are performed on the unified time-scaled samples to generate voltage and current state variables under the unified time-scale.

[0010] S3. Based on the voltage and current state variables and monitoring and evaluation information, perform short-term trajectory prediction, generate initial values ​​for voltage feedforward and current feedforward, calculate the collaborative margin coefficient in combination with the energy storage DC bus constraint, and generate voltage, current reference and limiting parameters.

[0011] S4. Under the constraints of voltage reference and limiting parameters, voltage injection shaping is performed to generate the injection voltage trajectory;

[0012] S5. Under the constraints of current reference and limiting parameters, current injection shaping is performed to generate the injection current trajectory;

[0013] S6. Combine the injected voltage trajectory and injected current trajectory into an event handling record and operation record.

[0014] Preferably, S1 specifically includes:

[0015] S1.1 Synchronously collect three-phase voltage and current data at the access point, determine the channel offset by aligning with a high-precision clock and calculating the segment overlap, and resample to the same time scale according to the channel offset to form a unified time scale sample;

[0016] S1.2. Perform narrowband decomposition and envelope extraction on the unified time-scaled sample, splitting it into in-phase rotation components, out-of-phase rotation components, and zero-sequence components. Calculate the amplitude trajectories and change rates of the out-of-phase and zero-sequence components for quantifying the imbalance intensity and duration. Combine rule-based filtering and gradient boosting models to determine the disturbance type, classify severity levels, locate the start and end time windows of the event, establish a traceable time base, and configure the confidence level for the determination results. Output the determination results including disturbance type, severity level, event time window, and time base, while also labeling the confidence level of the determination results to obtain monitoring and evaluation information.

[0017] Preferably, the denoising employs robust filtering and anomaly removal, and the state estimation covers voltage and current state quantities, which include amplitude, phase trajectory, negative sequence component, and zero sequence component.

[0018] Preferably, the short-term trajectory prediction is based on the prediction results of voltage look-forward trajectory and current look-forward trajectory generated by a temporal convolutional network, and the initial values ​​of voltage feedforward and current feedforward are obtained according to the prediction results.

[0019] Preferably, the calculation of the collaborative margin coefficient includes:

[0020] Establish a set of safety boundaries for DC voltage upper limit, state of charge upper and lower limits, device temperature rise upper limit and modulation ratio upper limit, obtain the corresponding real-time quantities under a unified time scale, and map them to normalized margins from zero to one according to their respective boundaries; define the cooperative margin coefficient by the minimum value among the four normalized margins.

[0021] Preferably, a tiered range is set for the entry and exit thresholds of the collaborative margin coefficient: when in the first range, an amplitude scaling factor is applied to the initial values ​​of voltage feedforward and current feedforward to obtain the amplitude terms of voltage reference and current reference, while tightening the frequency band coverage width and response rate upper limit in the limiting parameters; when in the second range, voltage recovery is prioritized and imbalance correction is subordinated, non-critical harmonic channels are suspended, and the aforementioned amplitude terms and limiting parameters are further tightened; when in the third range, a single-target mode is entered, the voltage recovery channel and the minimum measurement channel are retained, and the current reference is limited to the safe lower limit range.

[0022] Preferably, the voltage injection shaping generates the injection voltage trajectory in the following order:

[0023] Receive voltage reference and limiting parameters, establish a channel target set under the event time window and unified time reference. The channel targets include fundamental amplitude target, envelope suppression target and selective harmonic target. Add negative sequence target in unbalanced scenarios.

[0024] The voltage reference is constrained and shaped, and amplitude upper limit, rise rate limit, bandwidth limit, modulation ratio limit and phase margin threshold check are applied in sequence. For unbalanced scenarios, negative sequence amplitude limit and negative sequence bandwidth limit are applied simultaneously to form a constrained channel target set.

[0025] The constrained set of channel targets is coordinated according to a priority order: voltage recovery first, imbalance correction second, and harmonic suppression third. When the coordination margin is insufficient, the amplitude and bandwidth are reduced sequentially, and when the coordination margin is sufficient, the amplitude and bandwidth are released sequentially to obtain an executable set of channel targets.

[0026] Trajectory synthesis is performed according to the set of executable channel targets. First, the fundamental amplitude trajectory is synthesized, and then the envelope suppression trajectory and the selective harmonic trajectory are superimposed. In the unbalanced scenario, the negative sequence trajectory is superimposed. Then, saturation processing, jitter reduction processing and time labeling are performed to obtain the injected voltage trajectory and archive it.

[0027] Preferably, the current injection shaping generates the injection current trajectory in the following order:

[0028] Receive current reference and limiting parameters, establish a channel target set under the event time window and unified time reference, the channel targets include reactive channel targets and multi-frequency harmonic channel targets, and load virtual impedance targets and phase margin targets in the coupling frequency band;

[0029] Constraint shaping is applied to the current reference, and amplitude upper limit, rise rate limit, bandwidth limit, modulation ratio limit and coupling band check are performed in sequence. Virtual impedance limit and phase margin limit are performed simultaneously in the coupling band to obtain the constrained channel target set.

[0030] The constrained set of channel targets is coordinated according to a fixed order, with reactive power taking priority and harmonics following. When the coordination margin is insufficient, the amplitude and bandwidth are compressed in sequence, and when the coordination margin is sufficient, the amplitude and bandwidth are released in sequence to form an executable set of channel targets.

[0031] Trajectory synthesis is performed according to the set of executable channel targets. First, reactive power compensation trajectory is synthesized, and then harmonic compensation trajectory of each selected frequency band is superimposed. In the coupling frequency band, the relative phase and amplitude are adjusted according to the virtual impedance target and phase margin target. Then, saturation processing, jitter reduction processing and time labeling are performed to generate injection current trajectory and archive it.

[0032] Preferably, the event handling record and operation record include disturbance label, severity level, voltage and current reference settings, limiting parameters, injection trajectory and time stamp, and are executed in the following order during the strategy maintenance phase:

[0033] Extract the trigger conditions and switching times from the records to form the basis for correcting the limit set, delay set, and protection coordination parameter set; among which:

[0034] Limits: A set of numerical boundaries set for measurements or references in a given scenario, including voltage drop threshold, harmonic current limit, unbalance limit, DC link voltage limit, temperature rise limit, and modulation ratio limit, expressed using fixed levels and bandwidth constraints;

[0035] Delay: A set of time parameters related to event recognition and action execution, including disturbance confirmation time, reference effective time, restart time, bypass switching time, and overlap timing;

[0036] Protection coordination parameters: A set of settings and logic to ensure that protection at all levels is coordinated in time sequence, including action settings for instantaneous and fixed time periods, time limit settings, blocking conditions between upper and lower levels, overlap sequence and communication trigger priority;

[0037] Hierarchical rules: A set of rules for hierarchical handling of resources and targets at runtime, including three hierarchical sequences: limit reduction, single target mode, and bypass switching, as well as their trigger thresholds and reset thresholds;

[0038] Based on the correction criteria, adjust the threshold levels, bandwidth boundaries, and slope boundaries of the limit set; adjust the confirmation time, restart time, and bypass switching time of the delay set; and adjust the settings, timing relationships, and blocking conditions of the protection coordination parameter set.

[0039] The adjustment results will be delivered to the prediction and shaping stages and will take effect in the next monitoring cycle;

[0040] During runtime, throttling, single-target mode, and bypass switching are performed according to the prescribed hierarchical rules, and event handling records and operation records only provide trigger data and reset data.

[0041] A medium-voltage UPQC intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation system includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory. When the processor executes the computer program, it specifically performs the steps of any of the above-described intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation methods.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. Unified timescale data link and categorized monitoring: Establish a continuous data link from collection, evaluation, prediction to formation, and complete the standardized labeling of disturbance type, severity and event time window under a unified timescale, improve the consistency and traceability of information across links, and facilitate engineering tuning and operation and maintenance decisions;

[0044] 2. Resource allocation and limiting strategy driven by collaborative margin: The collaborative margin coefficient is used to uniformly characterize the constraints of DC voltage, state of charge, device temperature rise and modulation ratio. The quota and bandwidth are adaptively tightened according to the most unfavorable constraints to avoid resource misallocation caused by amortization and cancellation, and reduce the randomness and jump of derating trigger.

[0045] 3. Predictive feedforward and hierarchical defense rapid response framework: Combine short-term trajectory prediction to generate voltage and current feedforward references, and achieve injection shaping with voltage recovery as the priority; with hierarchical defense and bypass strategy, retain the minimum measurement and event recording channels, provide evidence basis for the closed-loop correction of limit, delay and protection coordination parameters, shorten the recovery path and reduce the risk of false tripping. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an exemplary embodiment of the present invention of an intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation method for medium-pressure UPQC;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of an intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation system for medium-voltage UPQC, as shown in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-2 The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0049] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings only show the components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the actual number, shape and size of the components in the actual implementation. In the actual implementation, the form, quantity and proportion of each component can be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may also be more complex.

[0050] In the following description, numerous details are explored to provide a more thorough explanation of embodiments of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form rather than in detail to avoid obscuring embodiments of the invention.

[0051] Example 1:

[0052] A method for intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation in medium-pressure UPQC, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0053] A three-phase synchronous acquisition channel is established at the access point to obtain unified time-scaled samples of three-phase voltage and current. Based on the unified time-scaled samples, disturbance type, severity level, event time window and time base are generated to generate monitoring and evaluation information.

[0054] Denoising and state estimation are performed on samples with a unified time scale to generate voltage and current state variables with a unified time scale.

[0055] Short-term trajectory prediction is performed based on state variables and monitoring and evaluation information to generate initial values ​​for voltage and current feedforward. Combined with the constraints of the energy storage DC bus, the collaborative margin coefficient is calculated to generate voltage, current reference and limiting parameters.

[0056] The limiting parameters are a set of constraints used to compress the reference to the executable range, including:

[0057] Maximum amplitude: Maximum voltage injection amplitude, maximum current injection amplitude;

[0058] Upper limit of rate of change: upper limit of voltage reference step, upper limit of current reference step;

[0059] Bandwidth limit: Upper limit of the response bandwidth of the voltage reference in the low frequency and selected harmonic channels, and upper limit of the response bandwidth of the current reference in the reactive and harmonic channels.

[0060] Channel enablement and quotas: unbalanced correction quotas, harmonic channel whitelist, virtual impedance coefficient and phase margin coefficient of coupling band;

[0061] Modulation margin occupancy limit: The execution layer can use a quota tag for the upper limit of modulation depth to prevent the reference from exceeding the adjustable range;

[0062] Voltage injection shaping is performed under voltage reference and limiting parameter constraints to generate the injection voltage trajectory;

[0063] Current injection shaping is performed under the constraints of current reference and limiting parameters to generate the injection current trajectory;

[0064] The injected voltage and injected current trajectories are combined into an event handling record and an operation record.

[0065] The invention is further configured such that the three-phase synchronous acquisition adopts phasor-level clock alignment. Specifically, synchronous acquisition of three-phase voltage and current is set at the access point, and the sampling time is aligned with a high-precision clock. For the acquired voltage and current data, a short-time reference segment is taken as a time-scale anchor point, and the data is shifted point by point on the original data sequence. The overlap between the reference segment and the compared segment is calculated for each shift. The shift with the highest overlap is selected as the channel alignment offset, and the three-phase voltage and current are uniformly resampled to the same time scale to form a unified time-scale sample. The disturbance classification establishes the rules for type determination, severity classification, and event time window positioning through decomposition, envelope extraction, and symmetric component evaluation. The monitoring and evaluation information includes time reference and confidence label. The unified time-scale sample is decomposed into several narrowband components, and the voltage and current envelope curves are extracted to characterize slow flicker. The most concentrated energy is selected as the most important factor. Adjacent components should not overlap as much as possible. Voltage and current sequences are iteratively decomposed to obtain several narrowband components from low to high frequencies. For components representing slow amplitude fluctuations, an upper envelope operation is performed: local peaks are found within a sliding window, and morphological structural elements are rolled along the time axis to connect adjacent peaks with smooth line segments to form an envelope; the fundamental approximation component and envelope curve are retained, and high-frequency components are labeled as harmonic candidates. The three-phase phasors are rearranged within a rotating frame and decomposed into in-phase rotating components, out-of-phase rotating components, and zero-sequence components; using a unified time-scaled sample as input, the amplitude and phase trajectories of each phase within one electrical cycle are extracted; the three-phase phases are rotated and recombined sequentially to obtain in-phase rotating components, out-of-phase rotating components, and zero-sequence components; the amplitude trajectories and rates of change of out-of-phase and zero-sequence components are calculated for quantification of unbalance intensity and duration, first using rules for rapid screening (…). Drop or surge: Compare the deviation trend and duration between the fundamental frequency approximation and the target amplitude; Flicker: Observe the fluctuation amplitude and fluctuation rate of the envelope curve in the low-frequency range; Harmonics: Statistically analyze the energy concentration of harmonic candidates in several specified frequency bands; Imbalance: Call the inverse phase and zero-sequence intensity of the imbalance index set), and then use the gradient boosting model to complete the fine judgment and classification (concatenate the above indicators into a feature vector, input it into the offline trained gradient boosting model to obtain the type label and severity level), and give the start and end of the time window (time window positioning: set two curves, the entry threshold and the exit threshold, when the indicator first crosses the entry threshold). The starting point is marked by a time marker, and the ending point is marked when all key indicators continuously fall below the exit threshold for a minimum duration. If the interval between adjacent events is shorter than the set minimum interval, they are merged into a single time window. Using the clock alignment result from step one as the basis, a unified timestamp and sequence number are added to each record to establish a traceable time benchmark. The confidence level is extracted from the probability output of the classifier, and data quality factors (such as alignment residuals and sampling completeness) are superimposed. The two are mapped in segments to obtain three levels: high, medium, and low. The time benchmark and confidence level are written into the monitoring and evaluation information and issued along with the type, severity, and time window.

[0066] The invention is further configured such that the denoising employs robust filtering and anomaly removal, and the state estimation covers the amplitude, phase trajectory, negative sequence component, and zero sequence component of voltage and current, forming voltage and current state quantities and measurement reliability under a unified time scale. Specifically, the three-phase voltage and current are arranged under a unified time base and divided into two categories: continuous short windows and long windows. A two-stage robust filtering that is insensitive to anomalies is adopted to first suppress spikes and glitches, and then smooth narrow-band fluctuations. The amplitude curve and phase curve of each phase are extracted within the long window, and phase jumps are corrected. Based on the phase relationship between the three phases, the three-phase phasor data set under a unified time scale, after denoising and anomaly removal, is decomposed into a same-direction rotation component, a reverse rotation component (negative sequence component), and a zero sequence component. Measurement reliability is given from three aspects: data quality, model consistency, and repair ratio, forming the final state quantity under a unified time scale.

[0067] The invention is further configured such that the short-term trajectory prediction generates forward-looking results of voltage and current trajectories based on a temporal convolutional structure, with initial values ​​for voltage and current feedforward provided according to the prediction results, and harmonic suppression achieved through selective feedforward via periodic differential nonlinear construction; specifically, with a fixed sampling interval, the three-phase voltage and current are packaged into overlapping windows in chronological order; each window contains the original sequence, event time markers, and synchronization time scales, using one-dimensional convolutional stacking, with the convolutional kernels expanding on the time axis, allowing the model to cover a longer history without increasing time delay; residual connections and normalization are added between convolutional layers for stable training; in actual operation, the model is fed in according to the window order to obtain the forward-looking trajectories of voltage and current for the very short future time period, while... Given a confidence level, the forward-looking result is compared with the target trajectory (the time series trajectory of the three-phase voltage and grid current at the receiving end that is expected to be achieved within the event time window). Based on the allocable resource boundary (representing the upper limit of instantaneous resources available for "injection shaping" at the current moment, jointly limited by four types of hard constraints): 1. DC voltage margin: the maximum modulation space that the converter can provide; 2. State of charge window: whether the DC side energy is sufficient to support the target injection duration and amplitude; 3. Device temperature rise margin: the safe temperature rise limit of power devices and bus capacitors; 4. Modulation ratio margin: the ability to not exceed the linear region of the modulation setpoint and the switching frequency. Implementation method: After normalization, the minimum value of these four items is taken to obtain the cooperative margin coefficient, which is then mapped to the reference amplitude upper limit. The amplitude (voltage side: the magnitude of the injected voltage reference, corresponding to how much receiving-end voltage can be pulled back on the series side; current side: the magnitude of the injected current reference, corresponding to how much reactive power and harmonics can be suppressed on the parallel side; the amplitude determines "how much to compensate", and is limited by the allocable resource boundary and severity level) and bandwidth (time domain meaning: the range of response speed allowed by the control loop; the wider, the faster the follow; the narrower, the more stable but slower; frequency domain meaning: the frequency range that selective channels are allowed to cover, such as only opening up to the flicker low-frequency envelope, or adding a specified harmonic order; the bandwidth determines "how fast to compensate and which frequencies to compensate". When the coordination margin decreases, the bandwidth is narrowed first, including reducing the speed or narrowing the frequency band.) The voltage and current feedforward initial values ​​are executable (to reduce amplitude and prevent DC side and device overload). The current history sequence is differentially analyzed according to a preset period. The differential result shows stable fluctuations on the target frequency (based on monitoring, evaluation and field statistics, a set of harmonic frequencies that need to be suppressed is selected in advance. The target set can come from two types of evidence: one is the frequency with a high proportion and large amplitude in the historical operation record; the other is the frequency that is significantly raised in the event window in the current monitoring and evaluation). It is attenuated on non-target frequencies (all frequency bands other than the above set, including occasional scattered frequencies, noise, and irregular components of transient disturbances, which are not selected for selective enhancement). The differential signal is then nonlinearly enhanced to make the components of the target frequency stand out, forming selective feedforward.Voltage feedforward initial value and current feedforward initial value are "executable broadband references" that are geared towards amplitude recovery and overall trends, but have not yet made fine distinctions for specific harmonics. Selective feedforward, based on the "broadband feedforward initial value", adds a frequency band fixed-point enhancement: it only amplifies the reference contribution of the target harmonics and suppresses non-target frequency bands, so that the converter with "limited bandwidth and energy" can use its capabilities where they are most needed.

[0068] The present invention is further configured such that the calculation of the collaborative margin coefficient includes:

[0069] Establish a set of safety boundaries for DC voltage upper limit, state of charge upper and lower limits, device temperature rise upper limit, and modulation ratio upper limit. Acquire the corresponding real-time quantities under a unified time scale and map them to normalized margins from zero to one according to their respective boundaries. Specifically, establish an executable set of upper and lower limits around the four constraints of DC voltage, state of charge, device temperature rise, and modulation ratio, and collect the corresponding real-time quantities under a unified time scale. Set an allowable upper limit for DC voltage, an allowable upper limit and a allowable lower limit for state of charge, an allowable upper limit for device temperature rise, and an allowable upper limit for modulation ratio. Read the real-time quantities of the above four items under a unified time scale and compare them with their respective boundaries one by one. Map the distance from the boundary of each item to a scale from zero to one proportionally, where zero indicates that the boundary has been reached or is very close, indicating that there is no margin to allocate; one indicates that the distance from the boundary is sufficient, indicating that the margin is sufficient. Form four normalized margins and give time labels and sampling batch labels.

[0070] The coordination margin coefficient is defined by the minimum value among the four normalized margins. The coordination margin coefficient monotonically tightens as any real-time quantity approaches the boundary, without introducing cross-term superposition. Specifically, the overall allocatable capability is determined by the weakest term to avoid cross-term cancellation. Among the four normalized margins, the smallest value is selected as the coordination margin coefficient. This coefficient is associated with the current event time window and archived to ensure that subsequent processing can be traced back. A monotonic rule of tightening as it approaches the boundary is set: when any real-time quantity continues to approach the boundary, the normalized margin decreases, and the coordination margin coefficient decreases accordingly. The allocatable space of the reference amplitude (amplitude term of voltage reference and amplitude term of current reference) and bandwidth (frequency band coverage width and upper limit of response rate in the limiting parameters) automatically shrinks. Cross-term addition, averaging, or weighting conversion is not performed, and it is prohibited to use the surplus of one term to offset the shortage of another term, so as to maintain the consistency of safety focus.

[0071] The coordination margin coefficient is set with tiered thresholds and hysteresis (a manually set safety gap between the entry and exit thresholds). When the coordination margin coefficient is below the first threshold, the reference amplitude and bandwidth are compressed; when it is below the second threshold, voltage recovery priority and imbalance correction slave are retained; when it is below the third threshold, single-target mode and minimum measurement channel are entered. When the coordination margin coefficient rises above the exit threshold, recovery is performed in reverse order. Specifically, a progressive derating sequence is formed through three threshold levels, and hysteresis is introduced to suppress frequent switching. Three trigger thresholds from high to low are set, along with corresponding hysteresis values. Each threshold has entry and exit criteria. When the coordination margin coefficient is below the first threshold, the reference amplitude and reference bandwidth are compressed, with the compression ratio decreasing as the coordination margin coefficient decreases. Furthermore, the voltage feedforward initial value is compressed to within the safety margin of the amplitude upper limit, preserving all low-frequency and whitelisted harmonic channels. The current feedforward initial value is also compressed to within the safety margin of the amplitude upper limit without weakening the reactive power channel. The voltage reference step upper limit is set to "normal value," and the current reference step upper limit is set to "normal value." The voltage reference uses the "normal upper limit" of the low-frequency envelope and the selected harmonic bandwidth, while the current reference uses the "normal upper limit" of the reactive power and whitelisted harmonic bandwidth. The "normal coefficient" is only applied to the coupling frequency band of external devices. The voltage reference is the voltage feedforward initial value after amplitude and rate limiting, and the current reference is the current feedforward initial value after amplitude and rate limiting. The limiting parameters are normal amplitude upper limit, normal step upper limit, normal bandwidth upper limit, and whitelisted channels. Conventional virtual impedance and phase margin, conventional modulation margin quota; when the cooperative margin coefficient is lower than the second threshold, the fixed priority order is voltage recovery first, imbalance correction second, and harmonic suppression last; a higher bandwidth is retained for the voltage reference, and the imbalance and harmonic references are reduced proportionally. The voltage feedforward initial value is compressed proportionally to a lower amplitude upper limit, retaining the low-frequency envelope and negative sequence channel. The current feedforward initial value is compressed by a higher proportion, retaining the reactive base channel. Harmonics only retain the higher weighted numbers in the whitelist. The voltage reference step upper limit is lowered to a "medium value", and the current reference step upper limit is lowered to a "medium value" to reduce DC side impact. The voltage reference retains the "medium bandwidth" of the low-frequency envelope, the negative sequence correction retains a "narrow bandwidth", and the current reference... The reactive bandwidth converges to the "intermediate level", the harmonic bandwidth is only open to the key frequency bands in the whitelist, and the other channels are frozen. The virtual impedance coefficient and phase margin coefficient are increased in the coupling frequency band to suppress mutual pulling with external active devices. A larger modulation margin is allocated to the voltage reference and a smaller modulation margin is allocated to the current reference. The voltage reference is the initial value of the voltage feedforward compressed under the "intermediate amplitude upper limit, step upper limit, and bandwidth upper limit", and the current reference is the initial value of the current feedforward compressed under the "intermediate amplitude upper limit, step upper limit, and bandwidth upper limit". The harmonics only retain the key whitelist. The limiting parameters are the intermediate amplitude upper limit, intermediate step upper limit, intermediate bandwidth upper limit, updated whitelist, increased virtual impedance and phase margin, and tilted modulation margin quota.When the coordination margin coefficient falls below the third threshold, the system switches to single-objective mode, retaining only the voltage recovery path, the minimum measurement channel, and the necessary event recording channel. The initial voltage feedforward value is reduced to the "minimum safe amplitude limit," and the voltage reference step limit is lowered to a "low level" to ensure that DC voltage and device temperature rise do not exceed the limit. The current reference is frozen to the "minimum reactive power maintenance value," all harmonic channels are disabled, the voltage reference retains only the low-frequency envelope bandwidth, the negative sequence correction retains the narrowest bandwidth, the current reference bandwidth is minimized, and the virtual impedance coefficient and phase margin coefficient in the coupling band are raised to a "high level" to isolate the influence on external control. The voltage reference is then set to the "low-level amplitude limit, low..." The initial voltage feedforward value after "level step upper limit, narrow bandwidth upper limit" constraint, current reference is the minimum reactive power maintenance value, harmonics are completely stopped, and the limiting parameters are the low-level amplitude upper limit, low-level step upper limit, narrow bandwidth upper limit, blank harmonic whitelist, high-level virtual impedance and phase margin, and modulation margin quota of almost full voltage allocation; when the cooperative margin coefficient rises above the corresponding exit standard, it is restored item by item in reverse order, first restoring the voltage reference bandwidth, then restoring the imbalance correction, and finally restoring the harmonic suppression; each restoration records the timestamp, restoration amplitude and constraint item source (the minimum margin item that causes the cooperative margin coefficient to fall below the threshold), solidifies the derating result into executable parameters, and completes traceable evidence storage.

[0072] The present invention is further configured such that the reference allocation and limiting follow a strategy of prioritizing voltage recovery, subordinate unbalance correction, and fixed harmonic suppression order. The reference amplitude and bandwidth are tiered and reduced according to severity level, and the limiting parameters and allocation coefficients are updated synchronously with monitoring and evaluation information and the coordination margin coefficient. Specifically, a fixed-order processing framework is established, inputting monitoring and evaluation information and the coordination margin coefficient, placing voltage recovery at the highest level, unbalance correction at the second level, and harmonic suppression at the third level, forming a top-down priority stack. Different amplitude and bandwidth upper limit curves are configured for different severity levels, dividing the severity into several levels, each level corresponding to an amplitude upper limit curve and a bandwidth upper limit curve; in the same... Within a severity level, the lower the confidence level of the disturbance, the more conservative the curve. The curve is linked to the coordination margin coefficient: the smaller the coordination margin coefficient, the larger the amplitude upper limit curve and the bandwidth upper limit curve shift downward proportionally and the bandwidth narrows. The target upper limit pair for this period is obtained as the hard boundary for subsequent channel limiting. Under the premise of not exceeding the upper limit, resources are allocated sequentially from high to low. The allocation result is aligned with the upper limit to generate an executable reference. The parameters are updated synchronously with the monitoring and evaluation information and the coordination margin coefficient. At the same time, the hysteresis of entry and exit is set, and two different thresholds are set for the same judgment. The entry condition is more stringent and the exit condition is more lenient. The interval is used to separate "trigger" and "release" to prevent switching back and forth near the boundary and suppress frequent switching.

[0073] In summary, this invention executes a fixed sequence based on severity level: voltage recovery first, followed by imbalance correction, and then harmonic suppression. Combined with a cooperative margin coefficient, the two types of feedforward initial values ​​are allocated quotas according to priority, resulting in voltage-side and current-side quotas. In low-margin scenarios, the quota for secondary targets is compressed, while in high-margin scenarios, the quota for secondary targets is released. The quotas include three types of constraints: amplitude upper limit, bandwidth upper limit, and slope upper limit.

[0074] Complete the reference shaping within your respective quotas:

[0075] Voltage reference: Based on envelope recovery, fundamental amplitude channel, envelope suppression channel and selective harmonic channel are connected in the specified frequency band, and negative sequence correction channel is added in unbalanced scenarios;

[0076] Current reference: Taking reactive power cancellation as the main line, reactive power channels and multi-frequency harmonic channels are connected in the specified frequency band, and virtual impedance and phase margin shaping targets are issued in the coupled frequency band.

[0077] Both types of references include an event time window identifier, version number, and validity period.

[0078] The limiting parameters are generated jointly by DC-side constraints and priority allocation, and include:

[0079] Upper limit of amplitude: upper limit of voltage reference amplitude and upper limit of current reference amplitude;

[0080] Upper limit of slope: a reference boundary for the rate of change, used to suppress excessively rapid ascent;

[0081] Bandwidth limit: The allowed bandwidth and memory depth for each channel;

[0082] Modulation proportion upper limit: the proportion boundary for modulation strategies;

[0083] Virtual impedance and phase margin objectives: limiting the interaction strength of the coupling frequency band;

[0084] Activation list: The set of harmonic orders and imbalance correction switches that are allowed to be enabled under this event;

[0085] Validity period: The effective and expiration time that coincides with the event time window.

[0086] The invention is further configured such that the voltage injection shaping sets up a fundamental amplitude channel, an envelope suppression channel, and a selective harmonic channel. In unbalanced scenarios, a negative-sequence injection path is set. The modulation strategy includes an amplitude limiting threshold, and the injected voltage trajectory is archived with a time stamp. Specifically, voltage reference, amplitude limiting parameters, and monitoring and evaluation information are received from the upstream link and split into four target quantities under a unified time scale. Based on the voltage reference, amplitude target, envelope target, harmonic suppression target, and unbalance correction target are given, and the four targets are recorded with a unified time stamp. The amplitude upper limit and bandwidth upper limit in the amplitude limiting parameters are registered as execution constraints. The severity level of the current time window is read as the basis for switching the weight and bandwidth of each channel (the aforementioned voltage injection shaping sets up the fundamental amplitude channel, envelope suppression channel, and selective harmonic channel). Centered on the amplitude target, the amplitude deviation of the receiving-end voltage is corrected, prioritizing voltage recovery. In each sampling period, the difference between the current amplitude and the amplitude target is calculated. When the difference is positive, the injection amplitude is reduced; when the difference is negative, the injection amplitude is increased. An upper limit for the rate of change of the voltage injection of the fundamental amplitude channel is set according to the severity level; the higher the level, the more precise the adjustment. Fast adjustment, the adjustment amount does not exceed the upper limit of amplitude; smooth the difference between two adjacent cycles to avoid high-frequency jitter penetrating the injection trajectory; use the envelope target as a reference to suppress flicker caused by slow fluctuations; extract the envelope curve within the sliding window, calculate the envelope peak-to-valley difference and rate of change, and compare it with the envelope target to obtain the envelope deviation; map the envelope deviation into a low-frequency correction amount, which only takes effect in the low-frequency range; selectively suppress the target number of times, and maintain a weak response to non-target numbers; compensate for the reverse rotation component in unbalanced scenarios to alleviate the inconsistency between phase amplitude and phase; divide the four paths... Phase and amplitude are synthesized, with voltage recovery taking priority, followed by imbalance correction, and envelope and harmonics added sequentially. The synthesized result is compared point by point with the upper limit of amplitude, and any excess is directly truncated and not passed to subsequent channels. Rapid changes in the synthesized result are compared with the upper limit of bandwidth, and any excess is smoothed and compressed over time. The phase margin after synthesis is calculated, and if it is lower than the threshold, the instantaneous gain of the subsequent channels is reduced until it is restored to the safe range. The three thresholds are used to limit the voltage to obtain the executable injection voltage. The final injection trajectory and key parameters are then time-stamped for evidence.

[0087] The invention is further configured such that the current injection shaping sets up a reactive power channel and a multi-frequency harmonic channel, introduces virtual impedance and phase margin shaping in the coupling frequency band to limit interaction, and archives the injected current trajectory and amplitude limiting record under a unified time scale. Specifically, under the unified time scale, current reference, amplitude limiting parameters, event time window, and monitoring and evaluation information are received and divided into two categories: reactive power target and harmonic target. The current reference is divided into fundamental reactive power target and several harmonic targets of specified orders, and time stamps and severity levels are given. The amplitude upper limit, rate of change upper limit, and bandwidth upper limit in the amplitude limiting parameters are registered as execution contracts. The system prioritizes two types of targets and sets their occupancy ratios based on severity levels, prioritizing the fundamental component of reactive power targets. It extracts reactive power trends and provides fundamental power injection based on the relative relationship between voltage and current within the same window. Within a sliding window, it statistically analyzes the relative changes in voltage and current to construct a reactive power strength index; a larger index indicates more reactive power needs to be absorbed or released. This index is converted into target injection amplitude, and changes between adjacent windows are processed with gradual increases and decreases, limiting the rate of change to no more than the upper limit. When the severity level is high, the occupancy ratio of fundamental power injection is increased, while... The process involves: compressing the occupancy ratio of harmonic targets; writing the fundamental wave injection amplitude and phase direction into an executable record; independently constructing selective injections for each target frequency to avoid covering non-target frequencies; performing periodic differencing on the current history sequence based on the time interval of the target frequencies to obtain a stable fluctuation marker sequence for that frequency; gating the marker sequence, with the threshold determined by the severity level; setting frequency band isolation between adjacent frequencies to avoid gain overlap in adjacent frequency bands; aligning the shaping results of all target frequencies with the reactive power injection component to the same time tag; and addressing frequency bands prone to interaction with external devices. Injecting equivalent impedance and phase buffering limits coupling strength. A list of coupling frequency bands is compiled based on equipment topology and field configuration, including band range and priority. Within the covered bands, target amplitudes for equivalent resistance and equivalent inductance are given. Equivalent resistance reduces current injection rigidity, and equivalent inductance establishes roll-off within the band. The phase safety distance of the current synthesis command is calculated. When the safety distance approaches the threshold, the instantaneous gain of the harmonic channel is reduced, prioritizing the retention of the fundamental component of the reactive channel. The triggering reason, frequency band location, and shaping amplitude for each shaping step are recorded, forming a coupling suppression log. The current injection candidate trajectory and shaping log after coupling suppression are output. The candidate trajectory is aligned with the three constraints one by one to obtain the executable injection current. The injection trajectory and limiting process are time-stamped for auditing and strategy correction.

[0088] The present invention is further configured such that the event handling record and operation record include disturbance labels, severity levels, voltage and current reference settings, limiting parameters, injection trajectories, and time stamps. Based on the records, closed-loop corrections are performed on limit values, delays, and protection coordination parameters. In abnormal situations, limiting derating, single-target mode, and bypass switching are executed according to tiered rules. Specifically, two types of recording channels are established: event handling records are for single disturbances, and operation records are for cross-event statistics; both share a unified timescale. A record entry is created for each disturbance, containing a disturbance label, severity level, event start and end times, and confidence level. Reference settings, limiting parameters, and injection trajectories are written into the same timeline in a time sequence, and the timeline is marked with a unified clock scale. Each record is assigned a unique serial number and source identifier to ensure subsequent retrieval and traceability. The system outputs a structured record framework and a unified timescale, enabling indicator generation. It derives quantitative indicators for correction from the records, covering recovery speed, limit exceedance intensity, maloperation risk, and resource consumption. Recovery speed is measured by the duration from event triggering to reference and injection stabilization, categorized as short, medium, and long. Limit exceedance intensity is measured by the number of times the injected amplitude reaches the limit, its duration, and peak percentage, categorized as low, medium, and high. Maloperation risk is measured by the sequence of protection triggers, the number of refusals or maloperations, and the correlation between adjacent equipment actions to determine if coordination is too tight or too loose. Resource consumption is measured by the proportion of voltage recovery, imbalance correction, and harmonic suppression references and bandwidth usage within the event time window. Based on these indicators, the system multiplicatively tightens or relaxes the parameters for voltage recovery, imbalance correction, and harmonic suppression, using paired entry and exit thresholds to avoid frequent fluctuations. A three-tiered response is triggered based on the coordination margin level and event severity, with responses linked to the records. Key nodes are formed into an evidence chain, supporting offline playback and strategy retraining.

[0089] Example 2:

[0090] Please see Figure 2 This exemplary intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation system for medium-voltage UPQC includes:

[0091] The integrated measurement and control module is interconnected with the acquisition end, edge side and execution side to establish a three-phase synchronous acquisition channel and unified time scale, perform noise reduction and state estimation, generate monitoring and evaluation information, event time windows and voltage and current state quantities, send data to the edge side and send command identifiers and time references to the execution side;

[0092] The edge computing node module is interconnected with the measurement and control integrated machine module, the series compensation module and the parallel compensation module. It performs short-term trajectory prediction based on monitoring and evaluation information and state variables, generates initial values ​​for voltage feedforward and current feedforward, determines the coordination margin, allocation coefficient and limiting parameters in combination with the constraint information given by the energy storage DC bus module, generates voltage reference and current reference and sends them to the execution side.

[0093] The energy storage DC bus module is directly connected to the series compensation unit module and the parallel compensation unit module. It is equipped with capacitor bank, voltage equalization branch, pre-charge branch and protection branch, provides a shared DC link, measures DC voltage, state of charge and temperature rise, and provides constraint information and derating threshold to the upper layer.

[0094] The series compensation module is connected between the protected side and the power supply side. It sets up an injection branch, a modulation branch and an isolation branch to establish a three-phase voltage injection channel. It receives voltage reference and limiting parameters, generates three-phase injection voltage and connects it to the DC side.

[0095] The parallel compensation module is connected to the protected side bus, sets up grid-connected branches, filter branches and modulation branches, establishes a three-phase current injection channel, receives current reference and limiting parameters, generates three-phase injection current and connects it to the DC side.

[0096] It should be noted that the intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation system for medium-voltage UPQC provided in the above embodiments and the intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation method for medium-voltage UPQC provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept. The specific operation methods of each module and unit have been described in detail in the method embodiments and will not be repeated here. In practical applications, the intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation system for medium-voltage UPQC provided in the above embodiments can be assigned to different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the system can be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. This is not a limitation here.

[0097] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation in medium-pressure UPQC, characterized in that, include: S1. Establish a three-phase synchronous acquisition channel at the access point to obtain unified time-scaled samples of three-phase voltage and current. Analyze the unified time-scaled samples to generate disturbance type, severity level, event time window and time base, and obtain monitoring and evaluation information. S2. Denoise and state estimation are performed on the unified time-scaled samples to generate voltage and current state variables under the unified time-scale. S3. Based on the voltage and current state variables and monitoring and evaluation information, perform short-term trajectory prediction, generate initial values ​​for voltage feedforward and current feedforward, calculate the collaborative margin coefficient in combination with the energy storage DC bus constraint, and generate voltage, current reference and limiting parameters. S4. Under the constraints of voltage reference and limiting parameters, voltage injection shaping is performed to generate the injection voltage trajectory; S5. Under the constraints of current reference and limiting parameters, current injection shaping is performed to generate the injection current trajectory; S6. Combine the injected voltage trajectory and injected current trajectory into an event handling record and operation record.

2. The intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation method for medium-pressure UPQC according to claim 1, characterized in that, S1 specifically includes: S1.1 Synchronously collect three-phase voltage and current data at the access point, determine the channel offset by aligning with a high-precision clock and calculating the segment overlap, and resample to the same time scale according to the channel offset to form a unified time scale sample; S1.

2. Perform narrowband decomposition and envelope extraction on the unified time-scaled sample, splitting it into in-phase rotation components, out-of-phase rotation components, and zero-sequence components. Calculate the amplitude trajectories and change rates of the out-of-phase and zero-sequence components for quantifying the imbalance intensity and duration. Combine rule-based filtering and gradient boosting models to determine the disturbance type, classify severity levels, locate the start and end time windows of the event, establish a traceable time base, and configure the confidence level for the determination results. Output the determination results including disturbance type, severity level, event time window, and time base, while also labeling the confidence level of the determination results to obtain monitoring and evaluation information.

3. The intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation method for medium-pressure UPQC according to claim 1, characterized in that, The denoising employs robust filtering and anomaly removal, and the state estimation covers voltage and current state quantities, which include amplitude, phase trajectory, negative sequence component, and zero sequence component.

4. The intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation method for medium-pressure UPQC according to claim 1, characterized in that, The short-term trajectory prediction is based on the prediction results of voltage look-forward trajectory and current look-forward trajectory generated by the temporal convolutional network, and the initial values ​​of voltage feed-forward and current feed-forward are obtained according to the prediction results.

5. The intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation method for medium-pressure UPQC according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the collaborative margin coefficient includes: Establish a set of safety boundaries for DC voltage upper limit, state of charge upper and lower limits, device temperature rise upper limit, and modulation ratio upper limit. Obtain the corresponding real-time quantities under a unified time scale and map them to normalized margins of zero to one according to their respective boundaries. Define the cooperative margin coefficient by the minimum value among the four normalized margins.

6. The intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation method for medium-pressure UPQC according to claim 5, characterized in that, For the cooperative margin coefficient, set a graded range for the entry threshold and exit threshold: when it is in the first range, apply an amplitude scaling factor to the initial value of voltage feedforward and the initial value of current feedforward to obtain the amplitude terms of voltage reference and current reference, and tighten the frequency band coverage width and response rate upper limit in the limiting parameters. When in the second interval, voltage recovery is prioritized and imbalance correction is subordinated, non-critical harmonic channels are suspended, and the aforementioned amplitude terms and limiting parameters are further tightened; when in the third interval, single-target mode is entered, voltage recovery channels and minimum measurement channels are retained, and the current reference is limited to the safe lower limit.

7. The intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation method for medium-pressure UPQC according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage injection shaping generates the injection voltage trajectory in the following order: Receive voltage reference and limiting parameters, establish a channel target set under the event time window and unified time reference. The channel targets include fundamental amplitude target, envelope suppression target and selective harmonic target. Add negative sequence target in unbalanced scenarios. The voltage reference is constrained and shaped, and amplitude upper limit, rise rate limit, bandwidth limit, modulation ratio limit and phase margin threshold check are applied in sequence. For unbalanced scenarios, negative sequence amplitude limit and negative sequence bandwidth limit are applied simultaneously to form a constrained channel target set. The constrained set of channel targets is coordinated according to a priority order: voltage recovery first, imbalance correction second, and harmonic suppression third. When the coordination margin is insufficient, the amplitude and bandwidth are reduced sequentially, and when the coordination margin is sufficient, the amplitude and bandwidth are released sequentially to obtain an executable set of channel targets. Trajectory synthesis is performed according to the set of executable channel targets. First, the fundamental amplitude trajectory is synthesized, and then the envelope suppression trajectory and the selective harmonic trajectory are superimposed. In the unbalanced scenario, the negative sequence trajectory is superimposed. Then, saturation processing, jitter reduction processing and time labeling are performed to obtain the injected voltage trajectory and archive it.

8. The intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation method for medium-pressure UPQC according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current injection shaping generates the injection current trajectory in the following order: Receive current reference and limiting parameters, establish a channel target set under the event time window and unified time reference, the channel targets include reactive channel targets and multi-frequency harmonic channel targets, and load virtual impedance targets and phase margin targets in the coupling frequency band; Constraint shaping is applied to the current reference, and amplitude upper limit, rise rate limit, bandwidth limit, modulation ratio limit and coupling band check are performed in sequence. Virtual impedance limit and phase margin limit are performed simultaneously in the coupling band to obtain the constrained channel target set. The constrained set of channel targets is coordinated according to a fixed order, with reactive power taking priority and harmonics following. When the coordination margin is insufficient, the amplitude and bandwidth are compressed in sequence, and when the coordination margin is sufficient, the amplitude and bandwidth are released in sequence to form an executable set of channel targets. Trajectory synthesis is performed according to the set of executable channel targets. First, reactive power compensation trajectory is synthesized, and then harmonic compensation trajectory of each selected frequency band is superimposed. In the coupling frequency band, the relative phase and amplitude are adjusted according to the virtual impedance target and phase margin target. Then, saturation processing, jitter reduction processing and time labeling are performed to generate injection current trajectory and archive it.

9. The intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation method for medium-pressure UPQC according to claim 1, characterized in that, The event handling and operation logs include disturbance tags, severity levels, voltage and current reference settings, limiting parameters, injection trajectories, and time stamps. During strategy maintenance, they are executed in the following order: Extract the triggering conditions and switching times from the records to form the basis for correcting the limit set, delay set, and protection coordination parameter set; Based on the correction criteria, adjust the threshold levels, bandwidth boundaries, and slope boundaries of the limit set; adjust the confirmation time, restart time, and bypass switching time of the delay set; and adjust the settings, timing relationships, and blocking conditions of the protection coordination parameter set. The adjustment results will be delivered to the prediction and shaping stages and will take effect in the next monitoring cycle; During runtime, throttling, single-target mode, and bypass switching are performed according to the prescribed hierarchical rules, and event handling records and operation records only provide trigger data and reset data.

10. An intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation system for medium-voltage UPQC, characterized in that, It includes a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory. When the processor executes the computer program, it specifically performs the steps in the intelligent monitoring and dynamic compensation method as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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