Multilayer underground water continuous sampling device

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-layer underground water continuous sampling device, and relates to the field of underground water sampling, the multi-layer underground water continuous sampling device comprises a support type sample injection mechanism and a drilling sampling mechanism, the drilling sampling mechanism comprises a drilling rod and a down-the-hole drill bit fixed at one end of the drilling rod, and the other end of the drilling rod is connected to a drill rod of a rotary drilling rig through a flange; a plurality of supporting pieces are arranged on the side wall of the drilling rod in the circumferential direction of the supporting pieces, the supporting pieces have the freedom degree of moving in the radial direction of the drilling rod, the supporting type sample injection mechanism comprises a bottom isolation cylinder and stacking isolation cylinders, the multiple stacking isolation cylinders are sequentially overlapped on the top of the bottom isolation cylinder, and the bottom isolation cylinder and the multiple stacking isolation cylinders form a supporting isolation sleeve piece; the supporting and isolating sleeve is arranged on the drilling rod in a sleeving mode, a sampling space is formed in the supporting and isolating sleeve, the supporting and isolating sleeve is used for isolating peripheral underground water from the sampling space, any two stacked isolating barrels can be separated in the axial direction of the drilling rod to form a water inlet window, and the problem that in multi-layer sampling, the authenticity of samples is insufficient is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of groundwater sampling, specifically to a multi-layer continuous groundwater sampling device. Background Technology

[0002] Groundwater is a core research subject in hydrogeological exploration, geotechnical engineering design, and environmental quality monitoring. Accurate acquisition of its water quality indicators, occurrence state, and runoff patterns directly determines the scientific validity and safety of engineering projects. Borehole sampling is the mainstream method for obtaining groundwater samples. By deploying monitoring boreholes in the target area and lowering sampling devices to a designated depth to collect water samples, a basic sample is provided for subsequent water quality analysis and parameter calculations. However, in deep groundwater sampling scenarios (typically referring to areas with sampling depths exceeding 10m, or areas with two or more independent aquifers), traditional borehole sampling techniques have long faced the critical technical challenge of cross-mixing of water samples from upper and lower layers, severely impacting sample authenticity and the reliability of analytical results. This problem is not caused by a single factor, but rather by the combined effects of borehole structural characteristics, sampling device design flaws, and hydraulic environment disturbances, as detailed below: Firstly, traditional monitoring boreholes often employ a "fully interconnected" structure, lacking effective layered isolation mechanisms within the borehole. When multiple aquifers exist, groundwater from different depths can flow into the borehole, creating a "mixed flow." Even if the sampling device is precisely lowered to the target depth, the collected water sample is already mixed with water from other aquifers, failing to accurately reflect the original state of the groundwater in the target layer.

[0003] Secondly, traditional sampling requires multiple descents to collect water samples at different depths. Frequent mechanical operations can significantly disturb the hydraulic environment inside the borehole: on the one hand, the water flow disturbance caused by the movement of the device will break the natural balance of each aquifer and accelerate the mixing of water between layers; on the other hand, the sampling efficiency is low due to the repeated pulling up and lowering of the sampling device.

[0004] In summary, existing borehole sampling technologies struggle to effectively address the mixing of water samples from different layers in deep, multi-layered aquifers, resulting in insufficient sampling accuracy. This fails to meet the demands for accurate and reliable groundwater data in fields such as geotechnical engineering and environmental monitoring. Therefore, developing a deep groundwater sampling technology that achieves layered isolation, prevents cross-contamination, and is precise and efficient has become a critical issue that the industry urgently needs to address. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device that can form a sampling space that avoids water sample mixing, allowing water samples from different depths to enter the sampling space to complete non-mixing sampling.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device, comprising a support-type sampling mechanism and a drilling sampling mechanism. The drilling sampling mechanism includes a drill rod and a down-the-hole drill bit fixed to one end of the drill rod. The other end of the drill rod is connected to the drill rod of a rotary drilling rig via a flange. Multiple support members are arranged along the circumference of the sidewall of the drill rod. One end of each support member slides through the drill rod, and the support member has a degree of freedom to move radially along the drill rod. The support-type sampling mechanism includes a bottom partition... The system comprises a bottom isolation cylinder and stacked isolation cylinders. Several stacked isolation cylinders are sequentially overlapped on top of the bottom isolation cylinder. The bottom isolation cylinder and the stacked isolation cylinders form a support isolation kit. The support isolation kit is fitted onto the drill rod and supported by a support member. A sampling space is formed inside the support isolation kit. The support isolation kit is used to isolate the surrounding groundwater from the sampling space. Any two stacked isolation cylinders can be separated along the axial direction of the drill rod to form a water inlet window, which is used to allow groundwater at that depth to enter the sampling space for sampling.

[0007] Furthermore, each end of the stacked isolation cylinder is fixed with an arc-shaped insert plate and an arc-shaped slot, both concentric with the stacked isolation cylinder. Adjacent stacked isolation cylinders are connected by the engagement of the arc-shaped insert plate and the arc-shaped slot, forming a mating surface. One end of the stacked isolation cylinder is fixed with several first meshing teeth, and the other end is fixed with several second meshing teeth. The first and second meshing teeth are spaced apart along the circumference of the stacked isolation cylinder. Adjacent stacked isolation cylinders form a meshing area through the engagement of the first and second meshing teeth. The meshing area and the mating surface form a closed annular surface. The top of the bottom isolation cylinder is fixed with several third meshing teeth along its own circumference. The top of the bottom isolation cylinder is fixed with an arc-shaped groove. The third meshing teeth of the bottommost stacked isolation cylinder engage with the first meshing teeth, and the arc-shaped insert plate of the bottommost stacked isolation cylinder fits into the arc-shaped groove.

[0008] Furthermore, an annular inner plate is fixed to the inner wall of the stacked isolation cylinder. The annular inner plate is located on the moving path of the support member. Each support member is equipped with a positioning anchor rod, which is fixed to the bottom of the bottom isolation cylinder. A positioning groove is opened on the top surface of the support member, and the positioning anchor rod is inserted into the positioning groove. The positioning groove extends through the end away from the drilling rod.

[0009] Furthermore, a sampling channel is formed between the inner and outer walls of the drilling rod, the sampling channel extends along the axial direction of the drilling rod, and a water inlet hole and a threaded drain hole are provided on the outer wall of the drilling rod, the water inlet hole and the threaded drain hole being connected to the lower and upper ends of the sampling channel, respectively.

[0010] Furthermore, an annular water sampler is fixedly sleeved on the drill rod. The annular water sampler is located below the support member. The outer diameter of the annular water sampler is smaller than the inner diameter of the support isolation kit. An annular water cavity is formed on the inner wall of the annular water sampler. The water inlet is connected to the annular water cavity. Several sampling holes are formed on the top surface of the annular water sampler. The sampling holes are connected to the annular water cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the drill rod is provided with a drive cavity, one end of the support extends into the drive cavity and is connected to a drive block, the top surface of the drive block is provided with face teeth, the drive cavity is provided with a drive assembly, the drive assembly includes a drive shaft and a drive disk, the drive shaft is rotatably connected to the drill rod, the bottom of the drive shaft is coaxially fixed to the drive disk, the bottom surface of the drive disk is provided with a planar thread, and the face teeth mesh with the planar thread.

[0012] Furthermore, the side wall of the drill rod has an adjustment window communicating with the drive cavity, and the side wall of the drive shaft has several drive insertion holes along its circumference. The drive insertion holes are used to insert a rotating lever. The side wall of the drive shaft has a support positioning hole and a sampling positioning hole. The side wall of the drill rod is threadedly connected to a positioning screw. When the positioning screw is inserted into the support positioning hole, the support member is used to support the support isolation kit. When the positioning screw is inserted into the sampling positioning hole, the support member can pass through the inside of the support isolation kit.

[0013] Furthermore, the drill rod is provided with a threaded section, and a pressure limiting plate is threaded onto the threaded section. The bottom of the pressure limiting plate is provided with a plurality of fourth meshing teeth. The fourth meshing teeth slide through the pressure limiting plate and can pass through the pressure limiting plate to mesh with the second meshing teeth.

[0014] Furthermore, the top surface of the pressure limiting plate is coaxially provided with an annular threaded groove, and a hollow threaded tube is threadedly connected inside the annular threaded groove. The thread direction of the hollow threaded tube is opposite to that of the thread direction of the pressure limiting plate. A toothed hole is provided at the bottom of the pressure limiting plate corresponding to the position of the fourth meshing tooth. The toothed hole communicates with the annular threaded groove. The fourth meshing tooth slides and adapts to the toothed hole. The top of the fourth meshing tooth extends into the annular threaded groove and connects to the pressure block. A spring is sleeved on the fourth meshing tooth. One end of the spring abuts against the bottom wall of the annular threaded groove, and the other end abuts against the pressure block.

[0015] Furthermore, both the outer wall of the bottom isolation cylinder and the outer wall of the stacked isolation cylinders are fixed with spiral blades.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. A support and isolation kit, consisting of a bottom isolation cylinder and stacked isolation cylinders, constructs an independent and enclosed sampling space. The mixed water sample within this space is then drained, allowing water samples from different depths to enter and be sampled. This structurally overturns the traditional "full-hole connectivity" drilling sampling logic, achieving physical isolation between the surrounding multi-layered groundwater and the sampling space, fundamentally preventing cross-mixing of water from different aquifers. Compared to the sampling distortion problems caused by "mixed water flow" in traditional technologies, the water samples collected by this device originate entirely from the target depth aquifer, accurately reflecting the original groundwater quality indicators and occurrence state. The sampling accuracy is significantly improved compared to existing technologies, solving the problem of insufficient sample authenticity in deep and multi-layered aquifer sampling.

[0017] 2. By axially separating any two stacked isolation cylinders, a water inlet window can be formed, allowing groundwater at the target depth to accurately enter the sampling space. Under the action of water pressure, the water sample falls parabolically onto the annular water sampler. Negative pressure water sampling is completed through the negative pressure device connected by the threaded drainage hole. Water samples from different depths are sampled through the annular water sampler, rather than within the sampling space, thus avoiding water sample mixing. Furthermore, a single drilling operation can complete continuous sampling of multiple aquifers at different depths, reducing the repetitive pulling up and lowering actions during sampling and improving sampling efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device according to the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stacked isolation cylinder in a multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom isolation cylinder in a multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support and isolation kit in a multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device according to the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device according to the present invention. Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged view at point C; Figure 10 for Figure 7Enlarged view at point D; Figure 11 for Figure 7 Enlarged view at point E in the middle; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device according to the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the drive disc in a multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device of the present invention; In the diagram, 1-drill rod, 2-down-the-hole drill bit, 3-support component, 4-bottom isolation cylinder, 5-stacked isolation cylinder, 6-arc-shaped insert plate, 7-arc-shaped slot, 8-first meshing tooth, 9-second meshing tooth, 10-annular inner plate, 11-positioning anchor rod, 12-positioning groove, 13-third meshing tooth, 14-arc-shaped groove, 15-sampling channel, 16-water inlet hole, 17-threaded drain hole, 18-annular water sampler, 19-annular water cavity, 20-sampling hole, 21-drive inner cavity, 22-drive block, 23-face tooth, 24-drive shaft, 25- - Drive plate, 26- Planar thread, 27- Adjustment window, 28- Drive socket, 29- Rotary lever, 30- Support positioning hole, 31- Sampling positioning hole, 32- Positioning screw, 33- Lower pressure limit plate, 34- Fourth meshing tooth, 35- Annular thread groove, 36- Hollow threaded tube, 37- Tooth hole, 38- Lower pressure block, 39- Spring, 40- Spiral cutter, 41- Cutter disc, 42- Cutter shaft, 43- Rotary cutter, 44- Cutter cavity, 45- Driven gear, 46- Main shaft, 47- Center gear, 48- Drive window, 49- Motor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] like Figures 1 to 13As shown, a multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device includes a support-type sampling mechanism and a drilling sampling mechanism. The drilling sampling mechanism includes a drill rod 1 and a down-the-hole drill bit 2 fixed to one end of the drill rod 1. The other end of the drill rod 1 is connected to the drill rod of a rotary drilling rig via a flange. Multiple support members 3 are arranged along the circumference of the side wall of the drill rod 1. One end of each support member 3 slides through the drill rod 1 and has the freedom to move radially along the drill rod 1. The support-type sampling mechanism includes a bottom isolation cylinder 4 and stacked isolation cylinders 5. Several stacked isolation cylinders 5 are sequentially overlapped on the top of the bottom isolation cylinder 4, forming a support isolation kit. The support isolation kit is fitted onto the drill rod 1 and supported by the support members 3. The internal structure forms a sampling space. The support and isolation kit is used to isolate the surrounding groundwater from the sampling space. Any two stacked isolation cylinders 5 can separate along the axial direction of the drill rod 1 to form a water inlet window, allowing groundwater at that depth to enter the sampling space for sampling. First, the number of stacked isolation cylinders 5 is arranged according to the borehole depth, ensuring that the axial length of the support and isolation kit is greater than the borehole depth. Then, the support member 3 is moved to the support position, and the bottom isolation cylinder 4 is fitted onto the drill rod 1. The support member 3 supports the bottom isolation cylinder 4. Next, the stacked isolation cylinders 5 are sequentially fitted onto the drill rod 1, forming the support and isolation kit with the bottom isolation cylinder 4 and the stacked isolation cylinders 5. Finally, the flange of the drill rod 1 is connected to the drill rod of the rotary drilling rig, and the rotary drilling rig provides the drilling driving force. The rotary drilling rig's drill rod drives the drill rod 1 to drill, forming a borehole through the soil layers using the down-the-hole drill bit 2. Simultaneously, the drill rod 1 pulls the support isolation kit into the borehole. This supports the borehole to prevent localized collapses that could cause borehole failure, and also creates a sampling space to isolate water samples from different layers. The diameter of the down-the-hole drill bit 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the support isolation kit. Once the designated drilling depth is reached, the support member 3 moves inwards from the drill rod 1, causing it to no longer support the support isolation kit. This allows the support isolation kit to detach from the drill rod 1 and fall into the borehole, forming a sampling space. The drill rod 1 is then removed, and a water pump is used to extract the water from the sampling space, creating a sampling space without mixed water samples. The isolation cylinders 5 are stacked using gravity. The stacked isolation cylinders 5 are connected in a non-directly connected manner, allowing them to move relative to each other. When a water sample needs to be taken from a specific depth, the corresponding isolation cylinder 5 at that depth is moved upwards, separating the upper and lower cylinders to form an inlet window. This allows the water sample from that depth to enter the sampling space, while the other isolation cylinders remain in contact, preventing water samples from other depths from entering the sampling space. Only the target depth's water sample is allowed into the sampling space, and the sampling purpose is achieved by extracting the water sample from within the space. This process is repeated to sample different depths. It is important to note that when using this sampling method, the water sample entering the sampling space must be completely removed each time to prevent mixing of samples and ensure sample accuracy.Alternatively, a sampling device can be used to directly collect water samples entering the sampling space. This method eliminates the need for sampling within the sampling space, resulting in higher water sample accuracy and a more accurate reflection of the original groundwater quality indicators and occurrence state. The sampling accuracy is significantly improved compared to existing technologies, solving the problem of insufficient sample authenticity in deep and multi-layer aquifer sampling.

[0022] Example 2

[0023] Based on Example 1, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, arc-shaped inserts 6 and arc-shaped slots 7 are fixed at both ends of the stacked isolation cylinder 5, respectively. Both arc-shaped inserts 6 and arc-shaped slots 7 are concentric with the stacked isolation cylinder 5. Two adjacent stacked isolation cylinders 5 are connected by the cooperation of the arc-shaped inserts 6 and arc-shaped slots 7. The arc-shaped inserts 6 and arc-shaped slots 7 cooperate to form a mating surface. One end of the stacked isolation cylinder 5 is fixed with several first meshing teeth 8, and the other end is fixed with several second meshing teeth 9. The several first meshing teeth 8 and several second meshing teeth 9 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the stacked isolation cylinder 5. Two adjacent stacked isolation cylinders 5 form a meshing area through the meshing of the first meshing teeth 8 and the second meshing teeth 9. That is, the first meshing teeth 8 are adapted to the second tooth groove formed by the second meshing teeth 9, and the second meshing teeth 9 are adapted to the first tooth groove formed by the first meshing teeth 8. The meshing area and the mating surface form a closed annular surface. Several third meshing teeth 13 are fixed at the top of the bottom isolation cylinder 4 along its own circumference. An arc-shaped groove 14 is fixed in place. The third meshing tooth 13 of the bottommost stacked isolation cylinder 5 meshes with the first meshing tooth 8. The arc-shaped insert plate 6 of the bottommost stacked isolation cylinder 5 is adapted to fit in the arc-shaped groove 14. Through the combined action of the meshing area and the mating surface, a good seal is formed between adjacent stacked isolation cylinders 5 and between the bottom isolation cylinder 4 and the stacked isolation cylinder 5. When two adjacent stacked isolation cylinders 5 are separated, the upper stacked isolation cylinder 5 is moved upward, so that water inlet gaps are formed between the first meshing tooth 8 and the second tooth groove, and between the second meshing tooth 9 and the first tooth groove. Multiple water inlet gaps form water inlet windows. At this time, the arc-shaped insert plate 6 is still inserted in the arc-shaped slot 7, so that a water inlet window is formed locally between the two stacked isolation cylinders 5. This avoids a large amount of water sample flowing into the sampling space, causing the sampling space to fill up quickly. The locally formed water inlet window allows a small amount of water sample to flow in, which is convenient for subsequent sampling operations and avoids the water sample height in the sampling space being too high, which would cause the next water sample to mix. Similarly, when the stacked isolation cylinder 5 is separated from the bottom isolation cylinder 4, a water inlet window is formed between the third meshing tooth 13 and the first meshing tooth 8, which can then form water inlet windows at different depths, enabling isolated sampling of water samples at different depths, avoiding water sample mixing, and improving the accuracy of water sample sampling.

[0024] Example 3

[0025] Based on Example 2, such as Figures 1 to 11As shown, a sampling channel 15 is formed between the inner and outer walls of the drill rod 1. The sampling channel 15 extends along the axial direction of the drill rod 1. A water inlet hole 16 and a threaded drain hole 17 are provided on the outer wall of the drill rod 1. The water inlet hole 16 and the threaded drain hole 17 are respectively connected to the lower and upper ends of the sampling channel 15. An annular water sampler 18 is fixedly sleeved on the drill rod 1. The annular water sampler 18 is located below the support member 3. The outer diameter of the annular water sampler 18 is smaller than the inner diameter of the support isolation kit. An annular water cavity 19 is provided on the inner wall of the annular water sampler 18. The water inlet hole 16 is connected to the annular water cavity 19. Several sampling holes 20 are provided on the top surface of the annular water sampler 18. The sampling holes 20 are connected to the annular water cavity 19. A negative pressure sampling device is used to assist in sampling. The negative pressure sampling device can... A water pump is used, with its inlet port connected to a threaded drain hole 17 via a pipe. The pipe is threadedly connected to the drain hole 17 for easy disassembly. During sampling, the drill rod 1 is moved to control the position of the annular water sampler 18, causing it to move below the inlet window. Under water pressure, the water sample enters the sampling space in a parabolic manner, causing a large amount of water sample to fall onto the annular water sampler 18. The water sample flows into the annular water chamber 19 through the sampling hole 20, and then exits through the inlet hole 16 and the sampling channel 15 from the threaded drain hole 17, thus achieving the sampling operation. After sampling the specified amount of water sample, the inlet window is closed, and then water samples at other depths are sampled using the same annular water sampler 18, thereby achieving isolated sampling at different depths. It is important to note that during sampling, the sampling operation is completed sequentially from bottom to top. Due to the small size of the inlet window and the fact that some water sample falls onto the annular water sampler 18 and is discharged, the amount of water sample falling into the sampling space is relatively small. When sampling water at the next depth, because sampling is done from bottom to top, the height of the water sample injected into the sampling space is lower than the height of the annular water sampler 18, thus avoiding water sample mixing. Using the annular water sampler 18, sampling at different depths can be completed step by step. Compared to sampling within the sampling space, it is not necessary to empty the water in the sampling space after each sampling, which greatly improves sampling efficiency. Secondly, before the next sampling, the water pump discharges water sample for a period of time, allowing the water sample to carry away the water sample remaining in the annular water sampler 18, further improving the accuracy of the water sample and providing a precise theoretical basis for geological exploration.

[0026] Example 4

[0027] Based on Example 3, such as Figures 1 to 11As shown, an annular inner plate 10 is fixed to the inner wall of the stacked isolation cylinder 5. The annular inner plate 10 is located on the moving path of the support member 3. Each support member 3 is equipped with a positioning anchor rod 11, which is fixed to the bottom of the bottom isolation cylinder 4. A positioning groove 12 is opened on the top surface of the support member 3, and the positioning anchor rod 11 is inserted into the positioning groove 12. The positioning groove 12 passes through the end away from the drilling rod 1. The water inlet window is formed by sampling through the drilling rod 1. No additional drive components are required, making the structure more compact. The movement of the stacked isolation cylinder 5 can be completed in a narrow sampling space. Specifically, the support member 3 is moved first so that the distance between the support member 3 and the drilling rod 1 is less than the inner diameter of the annular inner plate 10, so that the support member 3 can pass through the annular inner plate 10. The rotary drilling rig drives the drilling rod 1 to move upward. When the support member 3 moves to the corresponding depth, it moves outward so that the distance between the support member 3 and the drilling rod 1 is greater than the inner diameter of the annular inner plate 10. The drilling rod 1 moves upward again, and the support member 3 will abut against the bottom of the annular inner plate 10 at the target depth. This will cause the upper stacked isolation cylinder 5 to move upward, separating the upper stacked isolation cylinder 5 from the lower stacked isolation cylinder 5 to form a water inlet window. The water sample falls onto the annular water sampler 18 to complete the sampling operation. When sampling at the next depth, the support member 3 moves inward into the drilling rod 1 again, separating the support member 3 from the annular inner plate 10. The upper stacked isolation cylinder 5 moves downward under its own weight, thereby closing the water inlet window. By raising the annular inner plate 10 above the corresponding depth, sampling operations at different depths can be completed.

[0028] Example 5

[0029] Based on Example 4, such as Figures 1 to 13As shown, the drill rod 1 has a drive cavity 21. One end of the support member 3 extends into the drive cavity 21 and is connected to a drive block 22. The top surface of the drive block 22 is provided with face teeth 23. The drive cavity 21 is provided with a drive assembly, which includes a drive shaft 24 and a drive disk 25. The drive shaft 24 is rotatably connected to the drill rod 1. The bottom of the drive shaft 24 is coaxially fixed to the drive disk 25. The bottom surface of the drive disk 25 is provided with a planar thread 26, and the face teeth 23 mesh with the planar thread 26. The side wall of the drill rod 1 has an adjustment window 27 that communicates with the drive cavity 21. The side wall of the drive shaft 24 has several drive insertion holes 28 along its own circumference. The drive insertion holes 28 are used to insert a rotating lever 29. The side wall of the drive shaft 24 has a support positioning hole 30 and a sampling positioning hole 3. 1. A positioning screw 32 is threaded onto the side wall of the drill rod 1. When the positioning screw 32 is inserted into the support positioning hole 30, the support member 3 is used to support the support isolation kit. When the positioning screw 32 is inserted into the sampling positioning hole 31, the support member 3 can pass through the inside of the support isolation kit. Since the length of the drill rod 1 and the length of the support isolation kit are selected according to the drilling depth, after the support isolation kit supports the drilling hole, the operating position of the drive assembly is above the ground, which facilitates the operation of the support member 3 during sampling. Specifically, the rotating lever 29 is inserted into the drive socket 28, and then the drive shaft 24 is rotated. When the rotating lever 29 is blocked by the adjustment window 27, the rotating lever 29 is removed and inserted into the next drive socket. Within 28, the drive shaft 24 is rotated again to achieve continuous rotation. The drive shaft 24 drives the drive disc 25 to rotate. Through the engagement of the planar thread 26 and the face tooth 23, the drive block 22 drives the support member 3 to move linearly along the radial direction of the drill rod 1. By rotating the drive shaft 24 in the forward or reverse direction, the support member 3 moves away from or closer to the center of the drill rod 1. During drilling support, rotating the drive shaft 24 moves the support member 3 away from the center of the drill rod 1. When the drive block 22 abuts against the inner wall of the drill rod 1, the support positioning hole 30 is located on the movement path of the positioning screw 32. At this time, the positioning screw 32 is screwed into the support positioning hole 30 to lock the position of the drive shaft 24, so that the position of the support member 3 can be locked. Then, the support isolation is installed. Next, the drilling and support operation is performed. After the drilling and support operation is completed, the positioning screw 32 is unscrewed, and the drive shaft 24 is rotated in the opposite direction to move the support 3 closer to the center of the drill rod 1. A step is formed on the support 3. When the step contacts the outer wall of the drill rod 1, the sampling positioning hole 31 is located on the moving path of the positioning screw 32. The positioning screw 32 is screwed into the sampling positioning hole 31 to lock the position of the support 3, allowing the drill rod 1 to move smoothly within the support and isolation kit. When it reaches the sampling position, the positioning screw 32 is removed, and the drive shaft 24 is rotated to make the support 3 contact the inner wall of the support and isolation kit. Then, the positioning screw 32 is installed so that it presses against the drive shaft 24, so that the annular inner plate 10 is located on the moving path of the support 3.The separation of the stacked isolation cylinders 5 can be achieved through the cooperation of the support member 3 and the annular inner plate 10, forming an inlet window at the required depth. Repeating this operation allows for continuous sampling. An annular inner plate 10 is also fixed to the inner wall of the bottom isolation cylinder 4. After sampling, by supporting the annular inner plate 10 of the bottom isolation cylinder 4 with the support member 3, the support isolation kit can be removed.

[0030] Example 6

[0031] Since the drill rod 1 needs to rotate together with the support isolation kit, and the diameter of the drill rod 1 is smaller than the inner diameter of the support isolation kit, the support isolation kit will move eccentrically under the action of centrifugal force. Therefore, based on embodiment five, as follows... Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the drill rod 1 has a threaded section, and a pressure limiting plate 33 is threadedly fitted onto the threaded section. Multiple fourth meshing teeth 34 are provided at the bottom of the pressure limiting plate 33. The fourth meshing teeth 34 slide through the pressure limiting plate 33 and can pass through the pressure limiting plate 33 to mesh with the second meshing teeth 9. After the support isolation kit is fitted onto the drill rod 1, the positioning anchor rod 11 abuts against the side wall of the positioning groove 12 near the end of the drill rod 1, radially positioning the support isolation kit so that it is not affected by centrifugal force and can rotate with the drill rod 1. Furthermore, the positioning groove 12 passes through... The support member 3 is positioned away from the drill rod 1, allowing it to smoothly move closer to the center of the drill rod 1 and separate from the positioning anchor 11. Then, the axial movement of the support isolation kit is restricted by the downward limiting plate 33, which contacts the top surface of the support isolation kit. This causes the fourth meshing tooth 34 to align with the second tooth groove, moving downwards. The engagement of the fourth meshing tooth 34 with the second meshing tooth 9 locks the axial movement freedom of the support isolation kit, thus comprehensively restricting the support isolation kit axially and radially, allowing it to stably rotate with the drill rod 1. Once the designated drilling depth is reached, the drill rod 1 moves into the support isolation kit, and the positioning anchor 11 is inserted into the soil layer, making the installation of the support isolation kit more stable and stronger. The support member 3 can press down on the annular inner plate 10, allowing the positioning anchor 11 to smoothly insert into the soil layer.

[0032] Example 7

[0033] Based on Example 6, such as Figures 1 to 12As shown, the top surface of the pressure limiting plate 33 is coaxially provided with an annular threaded groove 35. A hollow threaded tube 36 is threadedly connected inside the annular threaded groove 35. The thread direction of the hollow threaded tube 36 is opposite to the thread direction of the pressure limiting plate 33. A toothed hole 37 is provided at the bottom of the pressure limiting plate 33 corresponding to the position of the fourth meshing tooth 34. The toothed hole 37 is connected to the annular threaded groove 35. The fourth meshing tooth 34 is slidably adapted to the toothed hole 37. The top of the fourth meshing tooth 34 extends into the annular threaded groove 35 and connects to the pressure block 38. A spring 39 is sleeved on the fourth meshing tooth 34. One end of the spring 39 rests against the bottom wall of the annular threaded groove 35, and the other end rests against the lower pressure block 38. When the hollow threaded tube 36 is screwed downwards, the hollow threaded tube 36 will squeeze the lower pressure block 38, causing the lower pressure block 38 to compress the spring 39 and drive the fourth meshing tooth 34 to move downwards, so that the fourth meshing tooth 34 can smoothly mesh with the second meshing tooth 9. Since the lower pressure limiting plate 33 rotates with the drill rod 1 during drilling, it is easy for the lower pressure limiting plate 33 to loosen under drilling vibration and the rotational force of the drill rod 1, which in turn causes the support isolation kit to move along the drill. To address the issue of axial movement of the feed rod 1, the thread direction of the lower limiting disc 33 is set opposite to that of the hollow threaded tube 36. The lower limiting disc 33 contacts the second meshing tooth 9, and the axial movement of the support isolation kit is limited by the compression of the lower limiting disc 33. The circumferential degree of freedom of the support isolation kit is limited by the meshing of the second meshing tooth 9 and the fourth meshing tooth 34. When the rotational force generated by drilling is in the same direction as the loosening of the hollow threaded tube 36, it will cause the hollow threaded tube 36 to loosen, creating a gap between the fourth meshing tooth 34 and the second meshing tooth 9. However, the rotational force will cause the lower limiting plate 33 to continue to lock, pressing it against the fourth meshing tooth 34, maintaining the axial and circumferential locking of the support isolation kit. When the rotational force generated by drilling is in the same direction as the loosening of the lower limiting plate 33, it will cause the lower limiting plate 33 to loosen. However, this rotational force will cause the hollow threaded tube 36 to continue to screw in, causing the fourth meshing tooth 34 to move downwards, maintaining its meshing state with the second meshing tooth 9, and maintaining the axial and circumferential locking of the support isolation kit. In this way, the limiting of the support isolation kit can be kept unaffected by drilling. In specific implementation, an elastic rubber pad is fixed to the bottom of the lower limiting plate 33 to eliminate errors, so that after the lower limiting plate 33 screws in, the fourth meshing tooth 34 can smoothly correspond to the second tooth groove, thereby allowing the fourth meshing tooth 34 to smoothly mesh with the second meshing tooth 9.

[0034] Example 8

[0035] Because drill rod 1 needs to be removed from inside the support isolation kit, and the size of its down-the-hole drill bit 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the support isolation kit, the diameter of the borehole is smaller than the diameter of the support isolation kit, making it difficult for the support isolation kit to enter the borehole. Therefore, based on embodiment seven, as follows... Figures 1 to 12As shown, spiral cutters 40 are fixed to the outer walls of both the bottom isolation cylinder 4 and the stacked isolation cylinder 5. A cutter head 41 is fixedly mounted on the drilling rod 1. The cutter head 41 is located between the annular water extractor 18 and the down-the-hole drill bit 2. Multiple cutter shafts 42 are rotatably connected to the bottom of the cutter head 41 around the drilling rod 1. A rotary cutter 43 is eccentrically fixed on the cutter shaft 42. A cutter cavity 44 is provided inside the cutter shaft 42. A driven gear 45 is connected to the cutter shaft 42 extending into the cutter cavity 44. A main shaft 46 is rotatably installed inside the drilling rod 1. A central gear 47 is mounted on the main shaft 46. A drive window 48 is opened on the drilling rod 1 at the position corresponding to the driven gear 45. The drive window 48 connects to the drive cavity 21. The driven gear 45 passes through the drive window 48 into the drive cavity 21 and meshes with the central gear 47. An electric motor is installed inside the drilling rod 1 near the top. The output shaft of the motor 49 is connected to the main shaft 46. Both the drive disk 25 and the drive shaft 24 are hollow. The main shaft 46 moves through the drive disk 25 and the drive shaft 24. The motor 49 drives the main shaft 46 to rotate. The main shaft 46 drives the cutter shaft 42 to rotate through the meshing of the central gear 47 and the driven gear 45. The cutter shaft 42 drives the rotary cutter 43 to rotate. Since the rotary cutter 43 is eccentrically connected to the cutter shaft 42, the extended length of the rotary cutter 43 can cover the outer wall of the support and isolation kit. Through the rotation of the rotary cutter 43 and the revolution of the rotary cutter 43 driven by the drill rod 1, the borehole can be enlarged, so that the support and isolation kit can easily enter the borehole. In conjunction with the spiral cutter 40 on the support and isolation kit, the support and isolation kit can make a spiral movement in the borehole, so that the borehole size matches the size of the support and isolation kit.

Claims

1. A multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device, characterized in that, The system includes a support-type sampling mechanism and a drilling sampling mechanism. The drilling sampling mechanism includes a drill rod and a down-the-hole drill bit fixed to one end of the drill rod. The other end of the drill rod is connected to the drill rod of a rotary drilling rig via a flange. Multiple support members are provided on the side wall of the drill rod along its circumference. One end of each support member slides through the drill rod and has a degree of freedom to move radially along the drill rod. The support-type sampling mechanism includes a bottom isolation cylinder and stacked isolation cylinders. Several stacked isolation cylinders are sequentially overlapped on the top of the bottom isolation cylinder. The bottom isolation cylinder and the stacked isolation cylinders form a support isolation kit. The support isolation kit is fitted onto the drill rod and supported by the support members. A sampling space is formed inside the support isolation kit. The support isolation kit is used to isolate the surrounding groundwater from the sampling space. Any two stacked isolation cylinders can be separated along the axial direction of the drill rod to form a water inlet window, which allows groundwater at that depth to enter the sampling space for sampling.

2. The multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stacked isolation cylinder has an arc-shaped insert plate and an arc-shaped slot fixed at both ends, respectively. The arc-shaped insert plate and the arc-shaped slot are concentric with the stacked isolation cylinder. Two adjacent stacked isolation cylinders are connected by the cooperation of the arc-shaped insert plate and the arc-shaped slot. The arc-shaped insert plate and the arc-shaped slot cooperate to form a mating surface. One end of the stacked isolation cylinder is fixed with a number of first meshing teeth, and the other end is fixed with a number of second meshing teeth. The number of first meshing teeth and the number of second meshing teeth are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the stacked isolation cylinder. Two adjacent stacked isolation cylinders form a meshing area by the meshing of the first meshing teeth and the second meshing teeth. The meshing area and the mating surface form a closed annular surface. The top of the bottom isolation cylinder is fixed with a number of third meshing teeth along its own circumference. The top of the bottom isolation cylinder is fixed with an arc-shaped groove. The third meshing teeth of the bottommost stacked isolation cylinder mesh with the first meshing teeth. The arc-shaped insert plate of the bottommost stacked isolation cylinder is adapted to fit in the arc-shaped groove.

3. The multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the stacked isolation cylinder is fixed with an annular inner plate, which is located on the moving path of the support member. Each support member is equipped with a positioning anchor rod, which is fixed to the bottom of the bottom isolation cylinder. The top surface of the support member is provided with a positioning groove, and the positioning anchor rod is inserted into the positioning groove. The positioning groove passes through the end away from the drilling rod.

4. The multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A sampling channel is formed between the inner and outer walls of the drilling rod. The sampling channel extends along the axial direction of the drilling rod. A water inlet and a threaded drain hole are provided on the outer wall of the drilling rod. The water inlet and the threaded drain hole are respectively connected to the lower and upper ends of the sampling channel.

5. A multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that, An annular water sampler is fixedly sleeved on the drill rod. The annular water sampler is located below the support member. The outer diameter of the annular water sampler is smaller than the inner diameter of the support isolation kit. An annular water cavity is formed on the inner wall of the annular water sampler. The water inlet is connected to the annular water cavity. Several sampling holes are formed on the top surface of the annular water sampler. The sampling holes are connected to the annular water cavity.

6. A multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill rod has a drive cavity inside. One end of the support extends into the drive cavity and is connected to a drive block. The top surface of the drive block has teeth. The drive cavity has a drive assembly. The drive assembly includes a drive shaft and a drive disk. The drive shaft is rotatably connected to the drill rod. The bottom of the drive shaft is coaxially fixed to the drive disk. The bottom surface of the drive disk has a planar thread, and the teeth mesh with the planar thread.

7. A multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drill rod has an adjustment window on its side wall that connects to the drive cavity. The drive shaft has several drive insertion holes on its side wall along its circumference. The drive insertion holes are used to insert a rotating lever. The drive shaft has a support positioning hole and a sampling positioning hole on its side wall. The drill rod has a positioning screw threadedly connected to its side wall. When the positioning screw is inserted into the support positioning hole, the support member is used to support the support isolation kit. When the positioning screw is inserted into the sampling positioning hole, the support member can pass through the inside of the support isolation kit.

8. A multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drill rod is provided with a threaded section, and a pressure limiting plate is threadedly fitted on the threaded section. The bottom of the pressure limiting plate is provided with a plurality of fourth meshing teeth. The fourth meshing teeth slide through the pressure limiting plate and can pass through the pressure limiting plate to mesh with the second meshing teeth.

9. A multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top surface of the pressure limiting plate is coaxially provided with an annular threaded groove, and a hollow threaded tube is threadedly connected inside the annular threaded groove. The thread direction of the hollow threaded tube is opposite to that of the thread direction of the pressure limiting plate. A toothed hole is provided at the bottom of the pressure limiting plate corresponding to the position of the fourth meshing tooth. The toothed hole communicates with the annular threaded groove. The fourth meshing tooth slides into the toothed hole. The top of the fourth meshing tooth extends into the annular threaded groove and connects to the pressure block. A spring is sleeved on the fourth meshing tooth. One end of the spring abuts against the bottom wall of the annular threaded groove, and the other end abuts against the pressure block.

10. A multi-layer groundwater continuous sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the outer wall of the bottom isolation cylinder and the outer wall of the stacked isolation cylinder are fixed with spiral blades.

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