Corn combine harvester with large operation range

Abstract

The invention provides a corn combine harvester with a large operation range, and relates to the field of corn harvesters. The corn combine harvester with the large operation range comprises a vehicle body and a rack, a header is arranged at the front end of the rack, a spiral conveyor is arranged below the header, and a peeling device is arranged at an outlet of the spiral conveyor. The peeling device comprises a plurality of groups of peeling rollers which are oppositely arranged, each peeling roller comprises a fixed roller and a floating roller, the floating roller can move relative to the fixed roller, and a pressure sensor is embedded in the floating roller. A central controller is arranged in the rack, and the pressure sensor is in signal connection with the central controller. A conveying belt is arranged below the peeling device, and an elevator is arranged on the downstream of the peeling device. The stress state of corncobs is sensed in real time through the pressure sensor, and the central controller dynamically adjusts the gap between the floating roller and the fixed roller according to a pressure signal, so that each corncob obtains matched stripping force, self-adaptive stripping is realized, and the complete stripping rate and the kernel perfectness rate are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of corn harvesters, and in particular to a corn combine harvester with a large operating range. Background Technology

[0002] The quality of corn harvesting has a very important impact on corn yield and quality, making it a key link in the corn production process.

[0003] In related technologies, traditional manual corn harvesting requires a significant investment of labor, resources, and time. Furthermore, the corn harvesting process is arduous, labor-intensive, and inefficient. In recent years, with the development of China's economy and rapid urbanization, a large number of farmers have settled in cities, exacerbating the labor shortage during the corn harvest season. The development of mechanized corn harvesting technology has effectively solved and improved some problems in the domestic corn harvesting process, and is of great significance to ensuring the security of my country's corn industry.

[0004] However, existing corn harvesters still have the following shortcomings. Due to the significant individual differences among corn ears in the field, even corn of the same variety from the same plot can vary in ear diameter and husk tightness. Traditional corn harvesters struggle to dynamically adjust the stripping force based on the real-time stress on each ear during operation. When encountering ears with larger diameters or particularly tight husks, a fixed preset gap can lead to excessive stripping force, causing kernel damage; conversely, when encountering ears with smaller diameters, a gap that is too large can result in incomplete husk removal. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a corn combine harvester with a large operating range, which solves the problem that traditional corn harvesters have difficulty balancing the stripping force of ears of different sizes, resulting in damage to the kernels of larger ears and incomplete stripping of smaller ears.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in the embodiments of this application is as follows: In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a large-range corn combine harvester, comprising a vehicle body and a frame mounted on the vehicle body. A header is provided at one end of the frame for harvesting and separating ears and stalks. A stalk conveyor belt for conveying stalks is provided downstream of the header, the stalk conveyor belt being arranged along the length of the frame. A screw conveyor is provided below the header, the screw conveyor being arranged along the width of the frame, the screw conveyor being used to convey detached kernels and ears. A peeling device for removing the outer husk of the corn ears is provided at the outlet of the screw conveyor. The peeling device includes several sets of peeling rollers arranged opposite each other, each set of peeling rollers including a fixed roller and a floating roller. A fixed roller is rotatably mounted on a frame, and a floating roller is rotatably mounted on a floating mounting bracket. The floating mounting bracket can move relative to the frame and move the floating roller closer to or away from the fixed roller. A pressure sensor is embedded inside the floating roller, and the sensing surface of the pressure sensor is exposed on the outer circumference of the floating roller. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure on the floating roller in real time when it comes into contact with the corn cob. A central controller is installed inside the frame, and the pressure sensor is signal-connected to the central controller. A conveyor belt for conveying peeled corn cobs is installed below the peeling device, and the conveying direction of the conveyor belt is consistent with that of the screw conveyor. A lift for conveying corn cobs and kernels is also installed downstream of the peeling device.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, a movable floating roller is installed in the peeling device, and a pressure sensor is embedded inside the floating roller. The sensing surface of the pressure sensor is flush with the surface of the floating roller, allowing real-time sensing of the pressure exerted on the floating roller as the corn ear passes through. This pressure value directly reflects the size of the corn ear, the tightness of the husks, and the stress state during the peeling process. After receiving the pressure signal, the central controller can drive the floating mounting frame to move according to the preset control logic, thereby dynamically adjusting the gap between the floating roller and the fixed roller. This ensures that each corn ear receives a peeling force that matches its size and husk characteristics, improving the peeling rate and kernel integrity rate. This also allows the harvester to adapt to different varieties and maturity levels of corn, expanding its operational scope.

[0008] In one alternative implementation, the floating mounting frame is connected to the elevator via a linear guide pair. The linear guide pair includes a guide rail fixed to the frame and a slider fixed to the floating mounting frame. The guide rail is arranged along the length of the frame, and the slider slides in cooperation with the guide rail, so that the floating mounting frame can only move in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fixed roller. A return spring is also provided between the floating roller and the fixed roller. The return spring always maintains the tendency to push the floating roller toward the fixed roller, so that the floating roller maintains a minimum gap with the fixed roller when no corn ears pass by.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the linear guide rail connects the floating mounting frame to the machine frame. The guide rail is arranged along the length of the machine frame, and the slider cooperates with the guide rail, restricting the degree of freedom of the floating mounting frame, allowing it to move smoothly only in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fixed roller. This ensures that the floating roller remains parallel to the fixed roller during adjustment, reducing uneven gaps and decreased peeling effect caused by skewness. The reset spring provides continuous preload, allowing the floating roller to automatically reset to the minimum gap position when no corn cobs pass by, ensuring a consistent starting state for each operation. Simultaneously, it quickly returns to its original position after corn cobs pass by, preparing for subsequent corn cobs, thus improving the overall stability and response speed of the peeling device.

[0010] In one alternative implementation, an electro-hydraulic servo actuator for driving the floating mounting frame to move is connected to one side of the guide rail. The electro-hydraulic servo actuator includes a hydraulic cylinder, an electro-hydraulic servo valve, and a displacement sensor. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lifter, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the floating mounting frame. The electro-hydraulic servo valve is mounted on the hydraulic cylinder to control the flow rate and direction of the hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic cylinder. The displacement sensor is installed inside the hydraulic cylinder to detect the extension length of the piston rod in real time. The electro-hydraulic servo actuator drives the floating mounting frame to move according to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor, thereby adjusting the gap between the floating roller and the fixed roller.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, an electro-hydraulic servo actuator is used as the drive mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder provides high thrust, an electro-hydraulic servo valve achieves high-precision flow control, and a displacement sensor provides real-time feedback on the piston rod position, forming a closed-loop control system. The central controller calculates the required gap adjustment based on the real-time pressure value detected by the pressure sensor and precisely controls the hydraulic cylinder's movement through the electro-hydraulic servo valve, enabling the floating roller to move to the target position in a short time. This achieves the effect of improving the intelligence level and control precision of the peeling device.

[0012] In one optional implementation, the outer circumferential surface of the floating roller is provided with multiple sensor mounting slots spaced apart along the axial direction. Each sensor mounting slot is fitted with a pressure sensor. The thickness of the pressure sensor is equal to the depth of the sensor mounting slot, so that the outer surface of the pressure sensor is flush with the outer circumferential surface of the floating roller. Each pressure sensor transmits the detected pressure signal to the central controller mounted on the frame through a wireless signal transmission module. The central controller controls the operation of the electro-hydraulic servo valve according to the received pressure signal.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple pressure sensors are spaced axially along the surface of the floating roller, enabling comprehensive detection of the pressure distribution in the contact area between the corn cob and the floating roller. This avoids missed detections or misjudgments that may occur with single-point measurements, improving the accuracy and reliability of pressure sensing. The pressure sensors are embedded in mounting slots with surfaces flush with the roller surface, preventing them from directly bearing the impact and wear of the corn cob, extending their service life, and ensuring a smooth roller surface that does not affect the normal passage of the corn cob. The use of wireless signal transmission eliminates the risks of wire entanglement and breakage that may occur with wired connections on rotating components, adapting to the harsh environment of harvester field operations and improving system stability and control.

[0014] In one alternative implementation, the lower end of the elevator is connected to a conveyor belt. The elevator is a scraper-type elevator, comprising two parallel chains and multiple scrapers fixed between the two chains. The scrapers are used to receive corn cobs from the peeling device and convey the corn cobs upward.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, an inclined scraper-type elevator is installed after the peeling device, with its lower end positioned above the screw conveyor. This elevator directly receives the corn ears falling from the peeling device and continuously conveys them upwards to the grain storage bin via a chain-driven scraper. The scraper structure effectively prevents the corn ears from rolling or piling up during conveying, ensuring the continuity and uniformity of the material flow. This solution solves the problem of smooth transfer of peeled corn ears, avoiding blockages and ear damage caused by poor conveying, achieving efficient connection from peeling to storage, and improving the overall smoothness and reliability of the machine's operation.

[0016] In one optional implementation, a material flow sensor is installed at the upper outlet of the elevator, which is used to detect the quantity or volume of corn ears passing through the elevator outlet per unit time; a first speed sensor is installed at the end of the drive shaft of the elevator, and a second speed sensor is installed at the end of the rotating shaft of the screw conveyor, which are used to detect the real-time speed of the elevator and the screw conveyor, respectively; the material flow sensor, the first speed sensor, and the second speed sensor are all electrically connected to the central controller.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, a material flow sensor is installed at the elevator outlet to monitor the amount of corn ears passing through in real time, reflecting the current operating load. Speed ​​sensors are installed on the elevator drive shaft and the screw conveyor shaft to monitor the operating speed of these two key conveying components in real time. The central controller, by integrating the data from these sensors, can accurately determine the operating status of the conveying system. For example, a sudden increase in flow rate coupled with a decrease in speed indicates a potential blockage, thus improving operational continuity and safety.

[0018] In one optional implementation, an engine and a hydraulic-mechanical continuously variable transmission (CVT) are installed inside the frame. The output shaft of the engine is connected to the input end of the CVT, and the output end of the CVT is connected to the traveling wheels, the cutting table, the screw conveyor, the elevator, and the peeling device. The CVT is electrically connected to a central controller, which adjusts the transmission ratio of the CVT in real time based on signals detected by a material flow sensor, a first speed sensor, a second speed sensor, and a pressure sensor, so that the engine always operates within its economic speed range.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution and using a hydraulic-mechanical continuously variable transmission (CVT) as the transmission core, continuous stepless adjustment of the transmission ratio can be achieved. The central controller dynamically adjusts the transmission ratio based on real-time load information from multiple sensors, ensuring that the engine speed and torque are always matched to the current operating load, thereby keeping the engine in the optimal fuel-efficient range. Simultaneously, it can automatically adjust the travel speed and working component speed according to load changes, reducing engine overload or stalling caused by sudden load increases, thus improving power utilization efficiency.

[0020] In one alternative implementation, a reverse-drive hydraulic motor is installed at the lower end of the elevator near the screw conveyor. The hydraulic motor is connected to the drive shaft of the elevator via a clutch. When the first speed sensor detects that the speed of the elevator is lower than the set value and the material flow sensor detects that the material flow exceeds the set value, the central controller determines that the elevator is blocked and controls the clutch to engage, the hydraulic motor to rotate in reverse, and drives the elevator to run in reverse a distance to loosen the blocked material.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, a reverse-drive hydraulic motor is installed at the lower end of the elevator near the screw conveyor. The hydraulic motor is connected to the drive shaft of the elevator through a clutch. When the first speed sensor detects that the speed of the elevator is lower than the set value and the material flow sensor detects that the material flow exceeds the set value, the central controller determines that the elevator is blocked and controls the clutch to engage, the hydraulic motor to rotate in reverse, and drives the elevator to run in reverse a distance to loosen the blocked material.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By embedding a pressure sensor in the floating roller of the peeling device, the force state of the corn ear is sensed in real time as it passes through. The central controller dynamically adjusts the gap between the floating roller and the fixed roller according to the pressure signal, so that each corn ear can obtain a peeling force that matches its size and husk tightness. This significantly improves the peeling rate and the kernel integrity rate, realizes adaptive peeling for different varieties and different maturity levels of corn, and expands the operating range of the harvester. 2. By setting up material flow sensors, speed sensors, and hydraulic continuously variable transmissions, an intelligent control system for the whole machine was constructed. The central controller dynamically adjusts the transmission ratio based on the real-time load information fed back by each sensor, so that the engine always works in the economic speed range. At the same time, it realizes the automatic matching of the walking speed and the speed of the working parts, effectively reducing fuel consumption, improving power utilization efficiency and the continuity of the whole machine operation. 3. By setting up linear guide pairs, return springs, and electro-hydraulic servo actuators, the smoothness and adjustment accuracy of the floating roller movement are ensured. At the same time, a reverse-drive hydraulic motor is set at the lower end of the elevator to realize automatic detection and rapid unblocking of blockages, which greatly reduces downtime caused by adjustment deviations or conveying blockages, and significantly improves the overall reliability, stability and automation level of the machine. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a large-scale corn combine harvester.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rack.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting platform.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the peeling device.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Vehicle body; 2. Frame; 3. Cutting table; 4. Elevator; 5. Screw conveyor; 6. Stalk conveyor belt; 7. Peeling device; 8. Fixed roller; 9. Floating roller; 10. Conveyor belt; 11. Guide rail; 12. Slider; 13. Return spring; 14. Floating mounting bracket; 15. Sensor mounting slot; 16. Hydraulic motor. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to all the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed connection" refers to a connection where the relative positional relationship remains unchanged after the connection. It should be understood that when component A is fixedly connected to component C via component B, changes in the relative positional relationship due to deformation of components A, B, and C are permissible. The integrated structure obtained by the two components through a one-piece molding process means that during the formation of one of the two components, that component is connected to the other component, without requiring further processing (such as bonding, welding, snap-fit ​​connections, or screw connections) to connect the two components.

[0030] The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "upper", "lower", "side", etc., are only for reference to the direction of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0031] The term "multiple" refers to at least two. The term "more than" includes the stated number. The term "and / or" describes a relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. The terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0032] This application discloses a corn combine harvester with a large operating range.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 A large-scale corn combine harvester includes a self-propelled vehicle body 1, on which a frame 2 for carrying and installing various functional components is fixedly mounted, and a central controller is installed inside the frame 2.

[0034] A header 3 is provided at the front end of the frame 2. The header 3 is used to cut the corn plants in the field and separate the corn ears from the stalks. The header 3 is an existing design and will not be described in detail here.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3A stalk conveyor belt 6 for conveying stalks is provided behind the header 3. A screw conveyor 5 is provided below the header 3. The screw conveyor 5 is arranged laterally along the width of the frame 2 to collect scattered grains and some ears of fruit that fall from the header 3 or the ear-picking mechanism during the harvesting and ear-picking process, and to transport these materials to one side or the middle of the frame 2.

[0036] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 At the outlet of the screw conveyor 5, a peeling device 7 for removing the outer husks of corn ears is provided. The peeling device 7 includes a set of peeling rollers arranged opposite each other. Each peeling roller consists of a fixed roller 8 with a relatively fixed position and a floating roller 9 with a movable position. A return spring 13 is provided between the floating roller 9 and the fixed roller 8. The return spring 13 always maintains the tendency to push the floating roller 9 toward the fixed roller 8, so that the floating roller 9 maintains a minimum gap with the fixed roller 8 when no corn ears pass by.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The fixed roller 8 is rotatably mounted on the frame 2 via a bearing seat. The floating roller 9 is rotatably mounted on a floating mounting bracket 14 via a bearing. The floating mounting bracket 14 is slidably connected to the frame 2, allowing the floating mounting bracket 14 to slide relative to the frame 2, thereby causing the floating roller 9 to move closer to or further away from the fixed roller 8 it is paired with, thus changing the gap between the two.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 The floating mounting bracket 14 is connected to the frame 2 via a linear guide rail pair 11. The linear guide rail pair 11 includes two guide rails 11 fixedly mounted on the frame 2 and two sliders 12 fixedly mounted on the floating mounting bracket 14, with the sliders 12 slidingly engaging with the guide rails 11.

[0039] The guide rail 11 is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fixed roller 8. The slider 12 can only drive the floating mounting frame 14 to move back and forth along this direction, thus ensuring that the floating roller 9 remains parallel to the fixed roller 8 during the movement and will not be deviated.

[0040] An electro-hydraulic servo actuator for driving its movement is connected to one side of the floating mounting bracket 14. The electro-hydraulic servo actuator mainly consists of a hydraulic cylinder, an electro-hydraulic servo valve, and a displacement sensor.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the frame 2 via a hinged seat, and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the floating mounting bracket 14 via a hinged seat. An electro-hydraulic servo valve is installed on the hydraulic cylinder and is used to precisely adjust the flow and direction of the hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic cylinder according to control commands, thereby controlling the extension and retraction speed and direction of the piston rod.

[0042] Reference Figure 4 A displacement sensor is installed inside the hydraulic cylinder to detect the extension length of the piston rod in real time and feeds the position signal back to the central controller. After receiving the real-time pressure value from the pressure sensor, the central controller calculates the target gap value according to the preset control logic, and then calculates the target position that the piston rod needs to move to. It then sends a control signal to the electro-hydraulic servo valve to drive the hydraulic cylinder to move the floating roller 9 to the target position, thereby realizing the dynamic adjustment of the peeling roller gap.

[0043] Several sensor mounting slots 15 are provided on the surface of the floating roller 9. Pressure sensors are embedded in the sensor mounting slots 15. The sensing surface of the pressure sensor is exposed on the outer circumferential surface of the floating roller 9 and is flush with the roller surface. When the corn cob enters between a pair of peeling rollers, the corn cob will contact the surface of the floating roller 9 and squeeze the sensing surface of the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor will detect the pressure value borne by the floating roller 9 at the contact point in real time, which not only ensures the smoothness of the roller surface and does not affect the normal passage of the corn cob, but also reduces the direct impact and wear of the corn cob on the sensor.

[0044] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 Since the floating roller 9 rotates during operation, each pressure sensor is connected to a wireless signal transmission module for convenient signal transmission. This module wirelessly transmits the detected pressure signal to the central controller mounted on the frame 2. After receiving pressure data from multiple measuring points, the central controller can more accurately determine the size and stress state of the corn cob, and accordingly control the action of the electro-hydraulic servo valve to achieve precise adjustment of the peeling gap.

[0045] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 Two sets of peeling devices 7 are provided, arranged vertically. A conveyor belt 10 is provided below the lower peeling device 7. The conveying direction of the conveyor belt 10 is as follows, referring to... Figure 1 The width of frame 2 is used to transport peeled ears of fruit and detached kernels.

[0046] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Downstream of the peeling device 7, that is, behind the outlet of the peeling device 7, there is an elevator 4 for conveying the peeled corn ears and kernels.

[0047] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4The lower end of the elevator 4 is connected to the conveyor belt 10 for lifting the peeled corn ears. The elevator 4 adopts a scraper structure, including two parallel chains and multiple scrapers evenly fixed between the two chains. The chains are driven by a drive sprocket to rotate in a cycle, and the scrapers move with the chains, scraping up the corn ears that fall to the bottom of the elevator 4 and pushing them upward to the top outlet, where they finally fall into the grain storage bin.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 A material flow sensor is installed at the upper outlet of the elevator 4. This sensor is used to detect the quantity or volumetric flow rate of corn ears passing through the outlet of the elevator 4 per unit time. A first speed sensor is installed at the end of the drive shaft of the elevator 4 to detect the real-time operating speed of the elevator 4. A second speed sensor is installed at the end of the shaft of the screw conveyor 5 to detect the real-time rotational speed of the screw conveyor 5. These material flow sensors, the first speed sensor, and the second speed sensor are all electrically connected to the central controller, transmitting the real-time monitored data to the central controller for analysis and processing.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Near the lower end of the elevator 4, close to the screw conveyor 5, there is a reverse-drive mechanism, as shown in the reference. Figure 4 The hydraulic motor 16 is connected to the drive shaft of the elevator 4 via a clutch, which is an existing design and will not be described in detail here.

[0050] Reference Figure 2 Under normal operating conditions, the clutch is disengaged, and the elevator 4 is driven by the main drive system. When the first speed sensor detects that the speed of the elevator 4 is lower than a preset speed threshold, and the material flow sensor detects that the material flow exceeds a preset flow threshold, the central controller will combine these two data points to determine that the elevator 4 is blocked.

[0051] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 At this point, the central controller first controls the main drive system to pause its drive of the elevator 4, then controls the clutch to engage and starts the hydraulic motor 16 to rotate in the reverse direction. The hydraulic motor 16 drives the elevator 4 to run in the reverse direction a short, predetermined distance, loosening the material stuck between the scraper and the housing. After a brief reversal, the central controller controls the clutch to disengage, the hydraulic motor 16 stops, and the main drive system resumes its forward drive of the elevator 4, allowing the elevator 4 to return to normal operation.

[0052] Reference Figure 1 An engine and a hydraulic-mechanical continuously variable transmission (CVT) are installed inside frame 2. The output shaft of the engine is connected to the input end of the hydraulic-mechanical CVT.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The output of a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (CVT) is connected to the traveling wheels via a drive shaft, chain, or belt. Figure 1 The cutting table 3, screw conveyor 5, elevator 4, and peeling device 7 are connected by transmissions, providing them with driving force. The hydraulic mechanical continuously variable transmission (CVT) itself is electrically connected to the central controller. Based on the real-time signals received from the material flow sensor, the first speed sensor, the second speed sensor, and the pressure sensor, the central controller comprehensively judges the current operating load and sends control commands to the hydraulic mechanical CVT to adjust its transmission ratio in real time.

[0054] This dynamic adjustment ensures that the engine speed and output torque are always matched with the operating load, thereby enabling the engine to operate in the economical fuel consumption range as much as possible, improving fuel economy, and preventing engine overload or stalling due to sudden load changes.

[0055] The implementation principle of a large-area corn combine harvester according to an embodiment of this application is as follows: the header 3 cuts the corn and removes the ears, and the screw conveyor 5 collects the fallen kernels and ears. After the ears enter the hulling device 7, the pressure sensor in the floating roller 9 detects the contact pressure in real time. The central controller determines the size of the ears based on this and dynamically adjusts the gap between the floating roller 9 and the fixed roller 8 through the electro-hydraulic servo actuator to achieve adaptive hulling. Subsequently, the scraper-type elevator 4 conveys the ears upward, and the material flow sensor at its outlet and various speed sensors monitor the load in real time. Once a blockage is detected, the central controller immediately controls the hydraulic motor 16 to drive the elevator 4 in reverse for a short period to clear the material. At the same time, the controller adjusts the transmission ratio of the hydraulic-mechanical continuously variable transmission in real time according to the data from various sensors, so that the engine always operates in the economic speed range, realizing intelligent matching of power and load, and ensuring efficient operation and fuel economy.

[0056] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, and any combination of features in different embodiments is also within the protection scope of this application. That is to say, the multiple embodiments described above can also be arbitrarily combined according to actual needs.

[0057] It should be noted that all the above-mentioned figures are exemplary illustrations of this application and do not represent the actual size of the product. Furthermore, the dimensional proportions between the components in the figures are not intended to limit the actual product of this application. The above are all preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A large-scale corn combine harvester, comprising a vehicle body (1) and a frame (2) located on the vehicle body (1), wherein a header (3) is provided at one end of the frame (2), the header (3) being used to harvest and separate ears and stalks, and a stalk conveyor belt (6) for conveying stalks is provided downstream of the header (3), the stalk conveyor belt (6) being arranged along the length of the frame (2), characterized in that: A screw conveyor (5) is provided below the header (3). The screw conveyor (5) is arranged along the width direction of the frame (2). The screw conveyor (5) is used to transport detached kernels and ears of corn. A peeling device (7) for removing the outer skin of corn ears is provided at the outlet of the screw conveyor (5). The peeling device (7) includes several sets of peeling rollers arranged opposite each other. Each set of peeling rollers includes a fixed roller (8) and a floating roller (9). The fixed roller (8) is rotatably mounted on the frame (2). The floating roller (9) is rotatably mounted on a floating mounting frame (14). The floating mounting frame (14) can move relative to the frame (2) and carry... The floating roller (9) moves closer to or further away from the fixed roller (8); a pressure sensor is embedded inside the floating roller (9), and the sensing surface of the pressure sensor is exposed on the outer circumferential surface of the floating roller (9). The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure borne by the floating roller (9) in real time when the floating roller (9) contacts the corn cob. A central controller is provided inside the frame (2), and the pressure sensor is connected to the central controller. A conveyor belt (10) for conveying peeled corn cobs is provided below the peeling device (7). The conveying direction of the conveyor belt (10) is consistent with that of the screw conveyor (5). A lifter (4) for conveying corn cobs and kernels is also provided downstream of the peeling device (7).

2. The corn combine harvester with a large operating range as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The floating mounting frame (14) is connected to the elevator (4) via a linear guide rail (11) pair. The linear guide rail (11) pair includes a guide rail (11) fixed on the frame (2) and a slider (12) fixed on the floating mounting frame (14). The guide rail (11) is arranged along the length of the frame (2). The slider (12) is slidably engaged with the guide rail (11), so that the floating mounting frame (14) can only move in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the fixed roller (8). A return spring (13) is also provided between the floating roller (9) and the fixed roller (8). The return spring (13) always maintains the tendency to push the floating roller (9) towards the fixed roller (8), so that the floating roller (9) maintains the minimum gap with the fixed roller (8) when no corn cob passes by.

3. A corn combine harvester with a large operating range as described in claim 2, characterized in that: One side of the guide rail (11) is connected to an electro-hydraulic servo actuator for driving the floating mounting frame (14) to move. The electro-hydraulic servo actuator includes a hydraulic cylinder, an electro-hydraulic servo valve and a displacement sensor. The cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the lifter (4), and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the floating mounting frame (14). The electro-hydraulic servo valve is installed on the hydraulic cylinder to control the flow rate and direction of the hydraulic oil entering the hydraulic cylinder. The displacement sensor is installed inside the hydraulic cylinder to detect the extension length of the piston rod in real time. The electro-hydraulic servo actuator drives the floating mounting frame (14) to move according to the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor, thereby adjusting the gap between the floating roller (9) and the fixed roller (8).

4. A corn combine harvester with a large operating range as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The outer circumferential surface of the floating roller (9) is provided with multiple sensor mounting slots (15) spaced apart along the axial direction. Each sensor mounting slot (15) is fitted with a pressure sensor. The thickness of the pressure sensor is equal to the depth of the sensor mounting slot (15), so that the outer surface of the pressure sensor is flush with the outer circumferential surface of the floating roller (9). Each pressure sensor transmits the detected pressure signal to the central controller installed on the frame (2) through a wireless signal transmission module. The central controller controls the operation of the electro-hydraulic servo valve according to the received pressure signal.

5. A corn combine harvester with a large operating range as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the elevator (4) is connected to the conveyor belt (10). The elevator (4) is a scraper elevator (4), which includes two parallel chains and multiple scrapers fixed between the two chains. The scrapers are used to receive the corn cobs from the peeling device (7) and transport the corn cobs upward.

6. A corn combine harvester with a large operating range as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A material flow sensor is installed at the upper outlet of the elevator (4). The material flow sensor is used to detect the number or volume of corn ears passing through the outlet of the elevator (4) per unit time. A first speed sensor is installed at the end of the drive shaft of the elevator (4), and a second speed sensor is installed at the end of the rotating shaft of the screw conveyor (5). The first speed sensor and the second speed sensor are used to detect the real-time speed of the elevator (4) and the screw conveyor (5), respectively. The material flow sensor, the first speed sensor and the second speed sensor are all electrically connected to the central controller.

7. A corn combine harvester with a large operating range as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (2) is equipped with an engine and a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (CVT). The output shaft of the engine is connected to the input end of the CVT. The output end of the CVT is connected to the traveling wheels, the cutting table (3), the screw conveyor (5), the elevator (4), and the peeling device (7). The CVT is electrically connected to the central controller. The central controller adjusts the transmission ratio of the CVT in real time according to the signals detected by the material flow sensor, the first speed sensor, the second speed sensor, and the pressure sensor, so that the engine always works in the economic speed range.

8. A corn combine harvester with a large operating range as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A reverse-drive hydraulic motor (16) is installed at the lower end of the elevator (4) near the screw conveyor (5). The hydraulic motor (16) is connected to the drive shaft of the elevator (4) through a clutch. When the first speed sensor detects that the speed of the elevator (4) is lower than the set value and the material flow sensor detects that the material flow exceeds the set value, the central controller determines that the elevator (4) is blocked and controls the clutch to engage, the hydraulic motor (16) to rotate in reverse, and drives the elevator (4) to run in reverse a distance to loosen the blocked material.

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