Auxiliary supporting guide wire for torsion of ureter

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical auxiliary instruments, in particular to a ureter distortion auxiliary supporting guide wire which comprises an extension guide wire, a position guide wire, a guide wire head and a connecting sleeve seat. The position guide wire is provided with an expansion base ring and at least three sets of plate type expansion assemblies driven by a pneumatic mechanism I. The plate type expansion assemblies drive arc-shaped expansion plates to swing through tooth bars, point type and controllable expansion of the narrow portion of the ureter is achieved, and the problems of mucous membrane damage and complete lumen blockage caused by large-area contact of a traditional air bag are solved. And meanwhile, an air cavity and at least three groups of radial movement positioning assemblies driven by a pneumatic mechanism II are arranged in the guide wire head, and an arc-shaped positioning plate is pushed by a multi-stage telescopic cylinder to extend out in the radial direction to form multi-point contact with the inner wall of the renal pelvis, so that stable anchoring of the guide wire head is realized. The operation injury risk can be effectively reduced, smooth perfusion is guaranteed, and the positioning stability of the guide wire in the renal pelvis is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical auxiliary device technology, specifically a ureteral tortuosity auxiliary support guidewire. Background Technology

[0002] Ureteroscopic lithotripsy is a modern medical procedure for ureteral stones. It has advantages such as repeatability, non-invasiveness, rapid postoperative recovery, and less patient discomfort. When using a ureteroscope, it is necessary to use a corresponding support guide wire to guide the ureteroscope inside the ureter, so as to facilitate its insertion into the patient's body.

[0003] The existing patent application number is: 2022114642304, which discloses a special auxiliary support guidewire for ureteral torsion, including an extension guidewire, one end of which is integrally processed with a guide wire; by using an expansion balloon installed on the extension guidewire, when the patient's ureter is narrowed, the ureter can be supported, thereby opening a channel for the ureteroscope to enter. With the use of the drainage tube and the first connector, it is convenient for doctors to perform drug administration or adsorption and removal operations in the patient's body, which improves the functionality and convenience of the device. By using the rotating handle, the connecting rod can be rotated, and with the action of the winding disc, the guide wire core is wound up, thereby driving the guide wire head to change direction, improving its operational convenience. After analyzing the technical solution, it can be found that: (1) the balloon expansion method, after the balloon is deployed, is a spindle-shaped or spherical flexible body. When attempting to move the guidewire while the balloon is inflated, the balloon forms a large surface contact with the ureteral wall, which can easily cause static friction. This can result in a jerking sensation or slippage during movement, which can easily cause abrasion or peeling of the ureteral mucosa. Generally, a fully airtight balloon is required for movement. (2) Because ureteroscopy relies heavily on irrigation flow to maintain a clear field of vision and reduce laser heat generation, once the balloon is inflated, it forms an almost sealed sphere that completely blocks the ureteral lumen. If the balloon is located in front of the end of the ureteroscope when it is in position, it will block the outflow of irrigation fluid, causing a sharp increase in intrarenal pelvic pressure, increasing the risk of renal pelvic venous reflux, spread of infection, or kidney rupture.

[0004] (3) When the guide wire head enters the renal pelvis, it lacks an effective and stable positioning structure to keep it stable in the renal pelvis. It is easy to move out under a small external pulling force.

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned problems, this technical solution designs a ureteral torsion auxiliary support guidewire that can solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a ureteral tortuosity-assisted support guidewire to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a ureteral torsion auxiliary support guidewire, comprising an extension guidewire, a guide wire, a guide wire head, and a connecting sleeve. The two ends of the guide wire are respectively connected to the extension guidewire and the guide wire head. The connecting sleeve is fitted onto the end of the extension guidewire away from the guide wire head. An expansion base ring is provided on the outer side of the guide wire near the guide wire head. At least three sets of plate-type expansion components are provided at equal intervals along the annular pattern on the outer wall of the expansion base ring. The drive end of the plate expansion assembly is connected to a set of pneumatic mechanism I located inside the extension guide wire and the guide wire. The drive end of pneumatic mechanism I is located in the connecting sleeve. The guide wire head is provided with a radial movement positioning mechanism on its circumferential outer wall. The inner end of the radial movement positioning mechanism is connected to a pneumatic mechanism II which is provided inside the extension guide wire and the guide wire. The drive end of the pneumatic mechanism II is provided in the connecting sleeve.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the plate expansion assembly includes swing slots that are equally spaced in an annular shape on the expansion base ring, an incomplete toothed plate is rotatably provided inside the swing slot, a swing shaft is installed at the top center of the incomplete toothed plate, the swing shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the swing slot, a swing rod is connected to the swing shaft outward, and an arc-shaped expansion plate is installed at the outer end of the swing rod. A toothed bar is provided in the middle of the guide wire located between all the incomplete toothed plates. The toothed bar moves along the axis of the guide wire and meshes with the surrounding incomplete toothed plates. Both ends of the toothed bar are equipped with end rods. One end rod moves through a support hole plate fixed inside the guide wire and is equipped with a spring connecting plate. A return spring is connected between the spring connecting plate and the support hole plate. The other end rod is connected to the pneumatic mechanism I.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention: the radial movement positioning mechanism includes an air cavity opened inside the guide wire head, the air cavity is connected to the pneumatic mechanism II through an air inlet channel, and at least three sets of radial movement positioning components are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential outer wall of the air cavity. The radial movement positioning assembly includes a bottom fixed cylinder connected to the circumferential sidewall of the air chamber, a middle moving cylinder connected to the bottom fixed cylinder in an outward telescopic sealing manner, an outer moving cylinder connected to the middle moving cylinder in an outward telescopic sealing manner, and an arc-shaped positioning plate installed on the top of the outer moving cylinder. The outer wall of the guide wire head is provided with an arc-shaped positioning plate storage groove corresponding to the arc-shaped positioning plate.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the pneumatic mechanism I includes a connecting rod connected to the end rod of the toothed bar, a piston plate I is installed at the end of the connecting rod, the piston plate I is placed inside the piston cylinder II for sealing and sliding, the piston cylinder II is connected to a screw lifting assembly I, and the driving end of the screw lifting assembly I is located outside the connecting sleeve.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: the pneumatic mechanism II includes an air intake pipe connected to the end of the air intake channel, and the air intake end of the air intake pipe is connected to a spiral lifting assembly II through the air intake channel; The spiral lifting assembly II includes a rotating cylinder installed on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve. The connecting sleeve inside the rotating cylinder has an internal threaded hole. A screw is threadedly connected inside the internal threaded hole. The outer end of the screw is connected to a rotating handle, and the inner end is rotatably connected to a piston plate II via a connecting rod. A piston cylinder II is provided on the lower side of the internal threaded hole corresponding to the piston plate II. The piston plate II slides in a sealed manner along the inside of the piston cylinder II.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the screw lifting assembly I and the screw lifting assembly II have the same structure, both including a rotating cylinder, an inner screw hole, a screw, a connecting rod and a piston plate II; A T-shaped rotating hole is provided in the middle of the top of the piston plate. A T-shaped rotating block is rotatably connected inside the T-shaped rotating hole. The top of the T-shaped rotating block is connected to the connecting rod.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: when the arc-shaped expansion plate contracts, it fits into the contraction groove on the outer wall of the expansion base ring; when the arc-shaped positioning plate contracts, its bottom contacts and is positioned inside the arc-shaped positioning plate receiving groove.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the guide wire is made of nickel-titanium alloy, and the guide wire tip is a blunt-tipped conical shape.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: By replacing the traditional balloon with a plate-type expansion assembly composed of multiple arc-shaped expansion plates, the contact area and static friction with the inner wall of the ureter are significantly reduced. The irrigation fluid is still allowed to pass through in the expanded state, effectively avoiding the risk of "sticky" damage to the mucosa and a sudden increase in intrarenal pressure.

[0016] By using multiple sets of radially moving positioning components inside the guidewire tip, and utilizing the arc-shaped positioning plate to form multi-point, flexible contact with the inner wall of the renal pelvis, the anchoring stability of the guidewire tip in the renal pelvis is greatly enhanced, preventing it from accidentally dislodging.

[0017] The expansion and positioning functions are controlled by a manual handle integrated into the connecting sleeve, using fluid transmission. This ensures precise operation, intuitive feedback, and no risk of gas embolism. All moving parts can be fully retracted when not in use, ensuring smooth passage of the guidewire. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a ureteral tortuosity-assisted support guidewire.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a guidewire for assisting in the twisting of the ureter.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a ureteral tortuosity-assisted support guidewire.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of a ureteral tortuous auxiliary support guidewire.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the guidewire head in a ureteral tortuosity-assisted support guidewire.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure when the arc-shaped positioning plate is stored in a ureteral tortuous auxiliary support guidewire.

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of A in the diagram.

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram of B in the diagram.

[0026] Figure 9 for Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of C.

[0027] Among them: extension guide wire 1, guide guide wire 2, guide wire head 5, connecting sleeve 7; Expanding base ring 20, arc-shaped expansion plate 21, swing rod 22, swing shaft 23, incomplete toothed plate 24, swing groove 25, toothed bar 26, end rod 27, support hole plate 28, spring connecting plate 29, return spring 30, connecting rod 31, piston plate one 32, piston cylinder two 33. Air chamber 50, air inlet channel 51, air inlet pipe 52, arc-shaped positioning plate 53, arc-shaped positioning plate storage groove 54, bottom fixed cylinder 55, middle movable cylinder 56, outer movable cylinder 57. Piston cylinder 2 70, piston plate 2 71, screw 72, connecting rod 73, internal threaded hole 74, handle 75, T-shaped rotating block 76, T-shaped rotating hole 77. Detailed Implementation

[0028] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] Please see Figures 1-6 A ureteral tortuosity-assisted support guidewire includes an extension guidewire 1, a guide wire 2, a guide wire head 5, and a connecting sleeve 7. The two ends of the guide wire 2 are respectively machined and connected to the extension guidewire 1 and the guide wire head 5. The end of the extension guidewire 1 furthest from the guide wire head 5 is fitted with the connecting sleeve 7. An expansion base ring 20 is machined on the outer side of the guide wire 2 near the guide wire head 5. At least three sets of plate-type expansion components are evenly spaced along the outer wall of the expansion base ring 20. The drive ends of the plate-type expansion components are connected to a pneumatic mechanism I located inside the extension guidewire 1 and the guide wire 2. The drive end of the pneumatic mechanism I is located in the connecting sleeve 7. The mechanism is then manually controlled to synchronously drive all the plate-type expansion components to swing in an arc along the outer side of the expansion base ring 20, expanding and supporting some narrow areas in the ureter, facilitating the stable and smooth passage of the ureteroscope. The guidewire tip 5 is designed as a blunt cone with a smooth tip and a length of 8-15mm. Its diameter gradually transitions to the tip. This design can minimize damage to the ureteral mucosa and smoothly guide the guidewire forward. That is, it is easy to guide and move smoothly in the ureter. At the same time, there is a radial movement positioning mechanism on the circumferential outer wall of the guidewire tip 5. After the guidewire tip 5 enters the renal pelvis, the radial movement positioning mechanism is controlled to extend outward and contact the inner wall of the renal pelvis, thereby increasing the static stability of the guidewire tip 5 and facilitating subsequent use. The inner end of the radial movement positioning mechanism is connected to a pneumatic mechanism II located inside the extension guidewire 1 and the guide wire 2. The drive end of the pneumatic structure II is located in the connecting sleeve 7 and is also manually controlled. The extension guidewire 1 is set to a length of 800-1500mm, with the specific length customized according to surgical needs. Its outer diameter is 0.89mm or 0.97mm, based on the standard guidewire dimensions used in ureteroscopy, providing excellent passage and support. The extension guidewire 1 is made of nickel-titanium alloy, possessing superelasticity, shape memory, and good biocompatibility, enabling it to effectively pass through tortuous ureters without plastic deformation. The guide wire 2 is approximately 200-300mm long and has an outer diameter slightly larger than that of the extension guide wire 1. It is integrally connected to the extension guide wire 1 and the guide wire head 5 using laser welding or medical-grade adhesive to ensure that the connection is smooth, burr-free, and well-sealed. That is, by setting the power drive ends of the plate expansion assembly and the radial movement positioning mechanism on the connecting sleeve 7, and the connecting sleeve 7 being located at the outer end of the extension guidewire 1, it is convenient for medical personnel to operate it.

[0033] Specifically, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 9 As shown, the plate-type expansion assembly includes annularly spaced swing slots 25 on the expansion base ring 20. An incomplete toothed plate 24 is rotatably disposed inside the swing slot 25. A swing shaft 23 is installed at the top center of the incomplete toothed plate 24. The two ends of the swing shaft 23 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the swing slot 25. The swing shaft 23 is connected to an arc-shaped swing rod 22. An arc-shaped expansion plate 21 is installed at the outer end of the swing rod 22. When the arc-shaped expansion plate 21 is in the lowest position, it is attached to the outer wall of the expansion base ring 20. The outer edges of the arc-shaped expansion plate 21 are all provided with arc-shaped structures to reduce the resistance when in contact with the inner wall of the ureter and to reduce the risk of contact friction. Preferably, the expansion base ring 20 is a ring structure made of nickel-titanium alloy or medical stainless steel, with the same outer diameter as the guide wire 2, and is fixedly sleeved on the guide wire 2; The swing groove 25 is a rectangular groove with a length of approximately 8-12 mm and a width slightly larger than the diameter of the swing shaft 23. It is lined with a split-type elastic sealing cover made of medical-grade silicone. The two ends of this sealing cover are fixed to the inner wall of the groove, while the middle part elastically deforms as the swing rod 22 swings, effectively preventing bodily fluids from entering the guidewire while ensuring smooth swinging without affecting the seal. The arc-shaped dilatation plate 21 and the swing rod 22 are integrally molded. They are made of medical-grade polyurethane or silicone, possessing excellent flexibility, biocompatibility, and a low coefficient of friction. The outer surface of the arc-shaped dilatation plate 21 is treated with a hydrophilic coating to further reduce friction with the ureteral wall. Its retracted contour perfectly matches the contraction groove (approximately 0.5-1 mm deep) on the outer wall of the dilatation base ring 20, ensuring a smooth surface transition.

[0034] The incomplete toothed plate 24 and toothed bar 26 are made of medical-grade stainless steel or high-strength engineering plastics. The tooth profile is precisely calculated to ensure smooth transmission without jamming.

[0035] The travel of the toothed rod 26 is limited by design, typically 5-8 mm, which is sufficient to move the arc-shaped expansion plate 21 from a fully retracted state to a supported state that makes moderate contact with the ureteral wall (with an expanded outer diameter of about 5-7 mm).

[0036] The reset spring 30 is a medical-grade stainless steel helical spring with a precisely calculated elastic coefficient to ensure that the toothed bar 26 can be reliably pushed back to its initial position without external force, so that all the arc-shaped expansion plates 21 can be fully retracted.

[0037] A toothed rod 26 is located in the middle of the guide wire 2 between all the incomplete toothed plates 24. The toothed rod 26 moves along the axis of the guide wire 2. The surrounding incomplete toothed plates 24 are all engaged with the toothed rod 26. When the toothed rod 26 moves axially, it synchronously drives the incomplete toothed plates 24 to rotate, thereby controlling the arc-shaped expansion plate 21 at the outer end of the swing rod 22 to perform arc-shaped lifting and lowering, controlling its controllable expansion of the inner wall of the ureter. Both ends of the toothed rod 26 are equipped with end rods 27, which move towards the guide wire 5 and pass through a support plate fixed inside the guide wire 2. 28, and is equipped with a spring connecting plate 29. Multiple return springs 30 are evenly connected between the side wall of the spring connecting plate 29 and the side wall around the hole of the support hole plate 28. When the return springs 30 are in a free state, they push the toothed bar 26 away from the guide wire 5 to ensure that the arc-shaped expansion plate 21 is fully contracted on the outer wall of the expansion base ring 20. The other end rod 27 is connected to the pneumatic mechanism I. Under manual operation, the pneumatic mechanism I controls the axial movement of the toothed bar 26, which in turn drives the swing shaft 23 to rotate, thereby realizing the swing of the arc-shaped expansion plate 21 on the outer side of the swing rod 22. Specifically, when the toothed rod 26 moves toward the guide wire 5, the toothed rod 26 is controlled to drive the incomplete toothed plate 24 to rotate, and then the swing rod 22 is controlled to rise and swing, thereby gradually adjusting the swing height of the arc-shaped dilatation plate 21 to contact the inner wall of the ureter for dilation; conversely, the arc-shaped dilatation plate 21 gradually falls and contracts.

[0038] Furthermore, in order to ensure sufficient containment between the arc-shaped expansion plate 21 and the outer wall of the expansion base ring 20, a shrinkage groove matching the arc-shaped expansion plate 21 is provided on the outer wall of the expansion base ring 20. In embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the radial movement positioning mechanism includes a disc-shaped air cavity 50 opened inside the guide wire head 5. The side of the air cavity 50 facing the guide wire 2 is connected to the pneumatic mechanism II through the air inlet channel 51. At least three sets of radial movement positioning components are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential outer wall of the air cavity 50. The power end of the radial movement positioning component is connected to the inside of the air cavity 50. By drawing air into and releasing air into the air cavity 50 through the pneumatic mechanism II, the pressure inside the air cavity 50 is adjusted, thereby controlling the radial movement component to move and extend synchronously radially along the guide wire head 5. The radial movement positioning assembly includes a bottom fixed cylinder 55 connected to the circumferential sidewall of the air chamber 50. The bottom fixed cylinder 55 is connected to a middle moving cylinder 56 in an outward telescopic and sealed manner. The middle moving cylinder 56 is connected to an outer moving cylinder 57 in an outward telescopic and sealed manner. The top of the outer moving cylinder 57 is set as a closed structure and an arc-shaped positioning plate 53 is installed. By communicating the outer moving cylinder 57, the middle moving cylinder 56, the bottom fixed cylinder 55 and the air chamber 50 with each other, and by controlling the content of gas input into the air chamber 50 in the air intake channel 51, the radial movement distance of the arc-shaped positioning plate 53 in each radial movement assembly is simultaneously adjusted. According to the positional relationship between the guidewire head 5 and the inner wall of the renal pelvis, the arc-shaped positioning plate 53 is controlled to contact the guidewire head 5, thereby increasing the stability of the guidewire head in the renal pelvis. An arc-shaped positioning plate storage groove 54 is provided on the outer wall of the guide wire head 5 corresponding to the bottom of the arc-shaped positioning plate 53. After the arc-shaped positioning plate 53 is retracted to the maximum distance, the bottom contacts and positions itself with the inside of the arc-shaped positioning plate storage groove 54. It should be emphasized that the storage contact between the arc-shaped positioning plate 53 and the arc-shaped positioning plate storage groove 54, and the contact between the arc-shaped expansion plate 21 and the shrinkage groove on the outer wall of the expansion base ring 20, are all sealed embedded positioning to ensure stability after storage. The air chamber 50 is located inside the guide wire head 5. It is a precision-machined cavity with a volume of approximately 0.1-0.3 mL.

[0039] The bottom fixed cylinder 55, the middle moving cylinder 56, and the outer moving cylinder 57 are all made of thin-walled medical stainless steel or nickel-titanium alloy tubes. The reliability of the dynamic seal between the cylinders is ensured by precision grinding and polishing. The seal adopts miniature O-rings or precision-fitted gap seals.

[0040] The total travel of the telescopic tip is designed to be 10-20mm to accommodate renal pelvises of different sizes. When fully retracted, the arc-shaped positioning plate 53 is fully embedded in the arc-shaped positioning plate receiving groove 54 (the depth is slightly greater than the thickness of the arc-shaped positioning plate), so that the outer surface of the guide wire head 5 maintains a continuous, smooth, and streamlined shape.

[0041] The arc-shaped positioning plate 53 is made of soft medical-grade silicone. Its shape is an arc that approximately matches the curvature of the renal pelvis wall. Its surface is smooth and soft, avoiding damage to the fragile renal pelvis mucosa.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present invention, a T-shaped rotating hole 77 is provided at the top center of the piston plate 71. A T-shaped rotating block 76 is rotatably connected inside the T-shaped rotating hole 77. The top of the T-shaped rotating block 76 is connected to the connecting rod 73. The T-shaped rotating block 76 is rotatably connected inside the T-shaped rotating hole 77. By utilizing the T-shaped vertical cross-section shape of the two, the rotation is prevented from disengaging.

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 8 As shown, the pneumatic mechanism I includes a connecting rod 31 connected to the end of the other end rod 27. A piston plate 32 is installed on the end of the connecting rod 31 away from the toothed rod 26. The piston plate 32 is placed inside the piston cylinder 33 for sealing and sliding. The piston cylinder 33 is connected to the connecting sleeve 7 with a screw lifting assembly I. The driving end of the screw lifting assembly I is manually controlled and is placed outside the connecting sleeve 7. The screw lifting assembly I moves radially along the connecting sleeve 7 to adjust the gas flow inside the piston cylinder 33, thereby applying a thrust to the piston plate 32. Then, in conjunction with the elastic action of the return spring 30, the toothed rod 26 is controlled to move axially. The pneumatic mechanism II includes an air inlet pipe 52 connected to the end of the air inlet channel 51. The air inlet pipe 52 is located inside the lower side of the extension guide wire 1 and the guide wire 2. The air inlet end of the air inlet pipe 52 extends into the interior of the connecting sleeve 7 and is connected to the spiral lifting assembly II through the air inlet channel. The spiral lifting assembly II is the same as the spiral lifting assembly I, both including a rotating cylinder installed on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve 7. The connecting sleeve 7 corresponding to the inside of the rotating cylinder is provided with an internal thread hole 74. A screw 72 is threaded inside the internal thread hole 74. The outer end of the screw 72 is connected to a rotating handle 75 through a connecting rod 73, and the inner end is connected to a piston plate 71 in a limited rotational manner through the connecting rod 73. A piston cylinder 70 is provided below the internal thread hole 74 corresponding to the piston plate 71. The piston plate 71 slides along the sealed interior of the piston cylinder 70. Under the spiral lifting of the screw 72, the gas flow inside the piston cylinder 33 or the air inlet pipe 52 is adjusted. It should be noted that for pneumatic mechanism I, the screw 72 is driven by manually rotating the handle 75 on the connecting sleeve 7, which in turn pushes the piston plate 32 to move inside the piston cylinder 33. The diameter of the piston cylinder 33 is designed to be 6-10mm, and its stroke matches the stroke of the toothed bar 26. The system is filled with sterile saline as the transmission medium to avoid the risk of gas embolism, and a miniature one-way valve (not shown in the figure) ensures unidirectional liquid flow and system sealing.

[0044] For pneumatic mechanism II, sterile saline solution is also used as the transmission medium. Rotating another independent handle 75 drives piston plate 71 to move within piston cylinder 70. The inner diameter of the air inlet pipe 52 is designed to be small, while the diameter of piston cylinder 70 is larger. Utilizing Pascal's principle, the synchronous and smooth extension and retraction of multiple arc-shaped positioning plates 53 can be precisely controlled by manually fine-tuning the handle. A low-pressure accumulator or micro-spring (not shown in the figure) is then preset within the system to assist the arc-shaped positioning plates 53 in quickly and completely retracting during depressurization.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connecting sleeve 7 is injection molded from medical-grade polycarbonate or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and the surface is frosted to prevent slipping. It has a cavity inside to accommodate the pneumatic mechanism.

[0046] The working principle of this invention is: Dilation function operation process: Step 1: Guide the guidewire head 5 into the ureter and position its dilation base ring 20 near the narrow segment that needs to be dilated.

[0047] Step 2: The operator manually rotates the handle 75 of the control pneumatic mechanism I on the connecting sleeve 7. The handle 75 drives the screw 72 to rotate and advance, which drives the piston plate 71 to move inside the piston cylinder 70 through the connecting rod 73 and the T-shaped rotating block 76.

[0048] Step 3: The movement of piston plate 2 71 compresses the transmission fluid, and the fluid pressure is transmitted to piston cylinder 2 33 through the pipeline, pushing piston plate 1 32 and the connecting rod 31 connected to it to move.

[0049] Step 4: The connecting rod 31 pushes the toothed bar 26 to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 30 and move axially in the direction of the guide wire head 5.

[0050] Step 5: When the toothed bar 26 moves, the incomplete toothed plates 24 that mesh with it rotate synchronously, driving the swing shaft 23 and the swing rod 22 to swing, thereby causing the arc-shaped expansion plate 21 to rise outward from the contraction groove of the expansion base ring 20 and contact the inner wall of the ureter, thus achieving controllable expansion.

[0051] Step Six: When the expansion needs to be removed, rotate the handle 75 in the opposite direction to release the transmission fluid pressure. Under the action of the return spring 30, the toothed bar 26 moves in the opposite direction, causing the incomplete toothed plate 24 to reverse, so that the arc-shaped expansion plate 21 swings back and is completely stored in the contraction groove.

[0052] Location function operation process: Step 1: Under the guidance of the guidewire, insert the guidewire tip 5 into the renal pelvis.

[0053] Step 2: The operator manually rotates another handle 75 on the connecting sleeve 7 to control the pneumatic mechanism II. Similarly, this operation drives the corresponding piston plate 71 to move and compress the transmission fluid.

[0054] Step 3: Liquid pressure is transmitted to the air chamber 50 inside the guide wire head 5 through the air inlet pipe 52 and the air inlet channel 51.

[0055] Step 4: The pressure inside the air chamber 50 increases and acts on the bottom fixed cylinder 55 of each radial moving positioning component, pushing the middle moving cylinder 56 and the outer moving cylinder 57 to extend outward in sequence, and finally causing the arc-shaped positioning plate 53 to extend radially from the arc-shaped positioning plate receiving groove 54.

[0056] Step 5: Multiple arc-shaped positioning plates 53 extend synchronously and smoothly until they contact the inner wall of the renal pelvis, forming a stable multi-point support, and anchoring the guidewire head 5 in the renal pelvis.

[0057] Step Six: After the surgery is completed, rotate the handle 75 in the opposite direction to release the pressure. At the same time, under the action of the built-in elastic element or negative pressure, the outer moving cylinder 57 and the middle moving cylinder 56 retract in sequence, and the arc-shaped positioning plate 53 is completely retracted into the arc-shaped positioning plate storage groove 54, restoring the smooth shape of the guide wire head 5 for safe withdrawal.

[0058] It should be understood that in this application, all rotating, sliding, meshing, belt-driven and other moving parts are well lubricated and not prone to slippage or wear, and each part is provided with a corresponding protective shell. However, in the accompanying drawings of this application, the connection state of each moving part is not shown. It should also be understood that all parts in this application are made of metal or plastic materials with suitable strength in the relevant field to ensure that their structural rigidity meets the actual requirements.

[0059] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ureteral tortuosity-assisted support guidewire, comprising an extension guidewire (1), a guide wire (2), a guide wire tip (5), and a connecting sleeve (7), wherein the two ends of the guide wire (2) are respectively connected to the extension guidewire (1) and the guide wire tip (5), and the connecting sleeve (7) is fitted onto the end of the extension guidewire (1) away from the guide wire tip (5), characterized in that, An expansion base ring (20) is provided on the outer side of the guide wire (2) near the guide wire head (5), and at least three sets of plate expansion components are provided at equal intervals along the outer wall of the expansion base ring (20). The drive end of the plate expansion assembly is connected to a set of pneumatic mechanisms I located inside the extension guide wire (1) and the guide wire (2), and the drive end of the pneumatic mechanism I is located in the connecting sleeve (7). The guide wire head (5) is provided with a radial movement positioning mechanism on its circumferential outer wall. The inner end of the radial movement positioning mechanism is connected to a pneumatic mechanism II provided inside the extension guide wire (1) and the guide wire (2). The driving end of the pneumatic mechanism II is provided in the connecting sleeve (7).

2. The ureteral tortuosity auxiliary support guidewire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plate-type expansion assembly includes annularly spaced swing slots (25) on the expansion base ring (20). An incomplete toothed plate (24) is rotatably provided inside the swing slot (25). A swing shaft (23) is installed at the top center of the incomplete toothed plate (24). The swing shaft (23) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the swing slot (25). A swing rod (22) is connected to the swing shaft (23) outward. An arc-shaped expansion plate (21) is installed at the outer end of the swing rod (22). A toothed bar (26) is provided in the middle of the guide wire (2) located between all the incomplete toothed plates (24). The toothed bar (26) moves along the axis of the guide wire (2) and meshes with the surrounding incomplete toothed plates (24). Both ends of the toothed bar (26) are equipped with end rods (27). One end rod (27) moves through the support hole plate (28) fixed inside the guide wire (2) and is equipped with a spring connecting plate (29). A return spring (30) is connected between the spring connecting plate (29) and the support hole plate (28). The other end rod (27) is connected to the pneumatic mechanism I.

3. The ureteral tortuosity auxiliary support guidewire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial movement positioning mechanism includes an air cavity (50) opened inside the guide wire head (5). The air cavity (50) is connected to the pneumatic mechanism II through an air inlet channel (51). At least three sets of radial movement positioning components are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential outer wall of the air cavity (50). The radial movement positioning assembly includes a bottom fixed cylinder (55) connected to the circumferential sidewall of the air cavity (50), a middle moving cylinder (56) is connected to the bottom fixed cylinder (55) in an outward telescopic sealing manner, an outer moving cylinder (57) is connected to the middle moving cylinder (56) in an outward telescopic sealing manner, and an arc-shaped positioning plate (53) is installed on the top of the outer moving cylinder (57). The guide wire head (5) has an arc-shaped positioning plate storage groove (54) on its outer wall, which corresponds to the arc-shaped positioning plate (53).

4. The ureteral tortuosity auxiliary support guidewire according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pneumatic mechanism I includes a connecting rod (31) connected to the end rod (27) of the toothed bar (26). A piston plate (32) is installed at the end of the connecting rod (31). The piston plate (32) is placed inside the piston cylinder (33) for sealing and sliding. The piston cylinder (33) is connected to a spiral lifting assembly I. The driving end of the spiral lifting assembly I is located outside the connecting sleeve (7).

5. The ureteral tortuosity auxiliary support guidewire according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pneumatic mechanism II includes an air intake pipe (52) connected to the end of the air intake channel (51), and the air intake end of the air intake pipe (52) is connected to a spiral lifting assembly II through the air intake channel; The spiral lifting assembly II includes a rotating cylinder installed on the outer wall of the connecting sleeve (7). The connecting sleeve (7) inside the rotating cylinder is provided with an internal threaded hole (74). A screw (72) is threaded inside the internal threaded hole (74). A rotating handle (75) is connected to the outer end of the screw (72). A piston plate (71) is rotatably connected to the inner end of the screw (72) through a connecting rod (73). A piston cylinder (70) is provided on the lower side of the internal threaded hole (74) corresponding to the piston plate (71). The piston plate (71) slides in a sealed manner inside the piston cylinder (70).

6. A ureteral tortuosity-assisted support guidewire according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The spiral lifting assembly I and spiral lifting assembly II have the same structure, both including a rotating cylinder, an inner screw hole (74), a screw (72), a connecting rod (73), and a piston plate II (71). The piston plate 2 (71) has a T-shaped rotating hole (77) at the top center. A T-shaped rotating block (76) is rotatably connected inside the T-shaped rotating hole (77). The top of the T-shaped rotating block (76) is connected to the connecting rod (73).

7. A ureteral tortuosity-assisted support guidewire according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, When the arc-shaped expansion plate (21) contracts, it fits into the contraction groove on the outer wall of the expansion base ring (20); when the arc-shaped positioning plate (53) contracts, its bottom contacts and positions itself inside the arc-shaped positioning plate receiving groove (54).

8. The ureteral tortuosity auxiliary support guidewire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extension guide wire (1) is made of nickel-titanium alloy, and the guide wire head (5) is a blunt-tipped conical shape.

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