A method, system, device and computer readable storage medium for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters

Abstract

The application discloses a transcranial electrical stimulation target parameter optimization method, system, device and computer readable storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of neural regulation and medical auxiliary equipment. The optimization method comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring a head medical image, and constructing a head finite element simulation model based on the medical image; S2, in the head finite element simulation model, defining a target stimulation brain area as a ventromedial prefrontal cortex area; S3, simulating transcranial electrical stimulation in the finite element simulation model, and through simulation calculation, taking the concentration of current density in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex area as an optimization target, and determining at least one transcranial electrical stimulation parameter; wherein the transcranial electrical stimulation parameter comprises an electrode position and / or an electrical stimulation waveform parameter. The optimization method changes the parameter selection from experience dependence to scientific calculation based on a biophysical model, improves the accuracy of the stimulation parameter, and thus realizes precise brain area targeted stimulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of neuromodulation and medical auxiliary equipment technology, specifically relating to a method, system, device, and computer-readable storage medium for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters. Background Technology

[0002] Hypertension is one of the most common and important chronic non-communicable diseases worldwide, and a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. World Health Organization data shows that approximately 1.3 billion adults globally have hypertension, more than half of whom are undiagnosed or not effectively controlled. The prevalence of hypertension continues to rise, exceeding 25%, and shows trends of affecting younger people, becoming more chronic, and more insidious. It can also trigger a series of serious complications such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure, severely endangering patients' lives and health.

[0003] Common interventions for hypertension include medication, lifestyle interventions, surgery, and traditional Chinese medicine. Despite continuous improvements in treatment methods, their control effects remain limited. Medication regulates blood pressure by altering cardiac output, reducing peripheral vascular resistance, and regulating body fluids. However, it requires long-term medication, cannot avoid side effects, and its effectiveness is not significant. Evidence suggests that hypertension is related to abnormal activation of the sympathetic nervous system; chronic stress and prolonged emotional fluctuations can all cause elevated blood pressure. Interventional therapy involves stimulating the carotid sinus to activate the baroreflex and inhibit sympathetic nerve output, thereby lowering blood pressure. However, interventional therapy requires surgery, which is invasive, and a single surgery may not completely cure hypertension, with a possibility of recurrence. Additionally, renal sympathectomy, which ablates the sympathetic nerves around the renal artery, can also lower blood pressure. Currently, a more advanced method for blood pressure regulation is transcranial stimulation to modulate the autonomic nervous system. However, due to the subjective nature of parameter settings and reliance on physician experience, it is difficult to quantify the specific distribution of electrical current in the brain, making precise targeted stimulation of brain regions challenging. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method, system, device and computer-readable storage medium for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters, so as to solve the technical problem that the stimulation parameters are not precise enough in the existing transcranial stimulation modulation methods, which makes it difficult to achieve precise brain region targeted stimulation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: This invention provides a method for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters, comprising the following steps: S1. Acquire head medical images and construct a head finite element simulation model based on the medical images; S2. In the head finite element simulation model, the target stimulation brain region is defined as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. S3. Simulate transcranial electrical stimulation in the finite element simulation model, and determine at least one transcranial electrical stimulation parameter by simulation calculation with the optimization goal of concentrating the current density in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex; wherein the transcranial electrical stimulation parameter includes electrode position and / or electrical stimulation waveform parameters.

[0006] Preferably, determining the electrode position in step S3 includes: Compare the current density distribution in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex under different electrode arrangement schemes; The target scheme is selected as the electrode arrangement that maximizes the current density in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and / or minimizes the current density in the non-targeted brain regions.

[0007] Preferably, comparing the current density distribution of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex under different electrode arrangement schemes includes: performing multi-angle slicing of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and analyzing the current density distribution on each slice.

[0008] The electrode arrangement scheme is a key step determined through simulation. Its purpose is to select the combination of electrode positions from a variety of possible spatial configurations that can optimize the stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex while minimizing the impact on non-target brain regions.

[0009] Specifically, the present invention determines the target solution in the following ways: Three candidate electrode arrangement schemes are included: Option 1: Place two stimulation electrodes with specific polarities (+ and -) in the area above the left brow; Option 2: Place two stimulation electrodes on the forehead area near the midline of the scalp; Option 3: Place the two stimulation electrodes on the forehead scalp in a more symmetrical and higher position.

[0010] Simulation Analysis and Comparison: For each candidate electrode arrangement, transcranial electrical stimulation was applied in a simulated environment, and the current density distribution within the brain was calculated. To accurately evaluate the effect of electrical stimulation on the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, this brain region was specifically sliced ​​and observed and analyzed from multiple angles. A section perpendicular to the midline of the cerebral hemisphere: to observe the distribution and focusing of the current on the coronal plane of the target area.

[0011] A section parallel to the midline of the cerebral hemisphere and passing through the target area: observe the depth and extent of the current distribution in the sagittal plane of the target area.

[0012] The entire gray matter surface of the brain: to observe the breadth and focus of current distribution globally and assess the potential impact on non-targeted functional areas.

[0013] Selection based on comparison results: By comparing the simulation results of current density distribution under the above multi-angle perspectives, the three candidate schemes are comprehensively evaluated.

[0014] The selection criteria for the optimal target solution are: Targeted maximization: Enables the current density in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex to reach a relative maximum.

[0015] Minimize side effects: It can make the current density in non-targeted brain areas (especially other frontal lobe areas and the entire gray matter of the brain) relatively small, avoiding unnecessary widespread stimulation.

[0016] The optimal target configuration was determined based on simulation and comparative analysis: placing the two patch electrodes above the left brow bone was ultimately identified as the optimal target configuration. This optimal configuration can most effectively focus the stimulation current on the ventromedial prefrontal cortex.

[0017] Preferably, the determined target electrode location includes at least one electrode positioned in the area above the left brow.

[0018] Preferably, determining the electrical stimulation waveform parameters in step S3 includes optimizing the electrical stimulation waveform parameters with the goal of maximizing the current density in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. The electrical stimulation waveform parameters include at least one of pulse width, pulse frequency, pulse amplitude, and current intensity.

[0019] The present invention also provides a transcranial electrical stimulation system for implementing the method for optimizing the target parameters of the transcranial electrical stimulation, comprising: The modeling and simulation unit is configured to execute an optimization method for transcranial electrical stimulation (TCS) target parameters to output optimized TCS parameters. The control unit, which is communicatively connected to the modeling and simulation unit, is configured to receive the optimized transcranial electrical stimulation parameters and generate corresponding transcranial electrical stimulation signals.

[0020] Preferably, the transcranial electrical stimulation system further includes: At least one stimulating electrode is connected to the control unit for applying electrical stimulation according to the transcranial electrical stimulation signal.

[0021] Preferably, the transcranial electrical stimulation system further includes: The signal acquisition unit is configured to acquire physiological signals, including at least one of electrocardiogram signals and blood pressure signals.

[0022] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program, wherein the computer program is stored in the memory and can run on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the method for optimizing the transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters as described above.

[0023] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters as described above.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a method for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation (TCS) targeting parameters, including a standardized and quantifiable parameter determination process, fundamentally improving the accuracy of stimulation. The optimization method utilizes real head medical images to construct a model, precisely defining the target brain region as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VPC). Through simulation, parameter optimization is performed with the specific goal of concentrating current density in the VPC, transforming parameter selection from experience-based to scientific calculation based on a biophysical model. This directly addresses and solves the core problem of poor targeting caused by insufficient parameter precision. The addition of a step to construct a finite element simulation model of the head and perform simulation further enhances the accuracy of stimulation and the predictability of the approach. The complexity of the skull, brain tissue, and other structures, as well as individual differences, make it difficult to intuitively judge the distribution of current within the brain. By establishing a personalized biophysical model for simulation, it is possible to virtually and quantitatively evaluate, in a computer, whether the current can effectively converge on the target brain region under different electrode positions and electrical stimulation waveform parameters before actual stimulation is applied, thereby improving the stimulation parameters.

[0025] Furthermore, the optimization method for determining electrode locations provides a clear and comparable basis for optimization decisions. In principle, by directly comparing the current density of the target area (ventromedial prefrontal cortex) and non-target areas under different electrode arrangements through simulation, the selection is made based on the dual criteria of maximizing the current density of the target area and minimizing the current density of the non-target area. This makes the determination of the optimal electrode location objective and quantifiable, significantly enhancing the spatial targeting accuracy and operability.

[0026] Furthermore, a step of multi-angle slice analysis of the target area was added, enabling a more refined and comprehensive assessment of the distribution of electrical current within the three-dimensional brain region. The principle is that a single global indicator may mask the problem of uneven local current distribution. Multi-angle slice analysis ensures that the current is effectively covered throughout the entire target brain region, avoiding stimulation blind spots or excessively strong hot spots, thereby further improving the uniformity of stimulation and the reliability of targeting.

[0027] Furthermore, the optimized electrode position is specifically limited to the area above the left glabella, which is one of the effective surface projection points for stimulating the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, significantly improving the accuracy of regulating transcranial electrical stimulation parameters.

[0028] Furthermore, the optimization method for electrical stimulation waveform parameters was clarified, enabling personalized and precise optimization of these parameters. The principle is that pulse width, pulse frequency, pulse amplitude, and current intensity directly affect the neuronal response characteristics to stimulation. By optimizing these electrical stimulation waveform parameters with the goal of maximizing the target area current density, the stimulation waveform that can most effectively penetrate tissue and act on the target neuron can be found, thereby maximizing the biological effect of stimulation in terms of parameters and achieving precise targeting.

[0029] This invention also provides a transcranial electrical stimulation (TCS) system based on the aforementioned method for optimizing the target parameters of TCS, constructing an intelligent TCS system integrating optimization and control functions. The optimization method is solidified into a modeling and simulation unit, which is linked with the control unit. This enables the system to automatically calculate and output optimal stimulation parameters based on individual head structure, directly driving the stimulation device. This achieves an automated closed loop from personalized parameter calculation to precise stimulation implementation, greatly improving the practicality, intelligence, and standardization of the entire system.

[0030] Furthermore, stimulation electrodes were added to the system, enabling it to actually perform electrical stimulation output.

[0031] Furthermore, a physiological signal acquisition unit was added to the system, expanding its potential for effect monitoring and feedback. In principle, acquiring signals such as electrocardiogram and blood pressure can be used to verify whether the optimized parameters produced the expected physiological effects under actual stimulation, laying the foundation for future adaptive closed-loop control systems. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the experimental process of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional reconstruction of the actual brain model of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the optimized electrode positions of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the current density distribution in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex region of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a graph showing the changes in blood pressure and heart rate variability indicators according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters, including the following steps: 1) Obtain MRI scan images of the actual brains of the experimental subjects, and perform three-dimensional reconstruction based on the MRI scan images to construct a model such as... Figure 2 The model shown is a three-dimensional simulation of the brain, including skin, skull, gray matter, white matter, and cerebellum. The 3D model was meshed using multiphysics simulation software such as COMSOL Multiphysics, and patch electrodes were placed on the brain model to simulate the effects of electrical stimulation on different brain regions. The patch electrodes were modeled as cylinders with a radius of 10 mm and a height of 2 mm. The electrode metal was AgCl, and a layer of conductive hydrogel was added at the electrode contact points with the skin to prevent direct contact and potential damage. The model contains 705,027 tetrahedral elements, 90,159 triangular elements, 1,724 quadrilateral elements, and 232 vertices, with an average element mass of 0.82 and a total mesh volume of 4229 cm³. 3 .

[0036] Patch electrodes were placed at different locations on the skin of a 3D brain simulation model. Three candidate electrode arrangement schemes were set according to the different locations. Pulsed current was applied to the patch electrodes, and the current density distribution in different regions of the 3D brain simulation model was observed. The 3D brain simulation model was then sliced, with the slices located in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex.

[0037] The three candidate electrode arrangement schemes are as follows: Option 1: As Figure 3 As shown in (A), two stimulation electrodes are placed in the area above the left glabella with specific polarities ("+" and "-"). According to simulation results, this arrangement can concentrate the stimulation current density in the target brain region (ventromedial prefrontal cortex) and minimize the current coverage of other non-target brain regions, and is determined to be the optimal arrangement. Option 2: Figure 3 As shown in (B), two stimulation electrodes are placed in the frontal region near the midline of the scalp. Simulation results show that the current density generated by this scheme is relatively weak in the target brain region and is more concentrated along the midline, with a less effective coverage of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex located on both sides of the midline than scheme A. Option 3: As Figure 3 As shown in (C), the two stimulating electrodes are placed on the forehead scalp in a more symmetrical and upper position. Simulation results show that although this approach can generate strong currents in the target brain region, the current distribution is too wide, covering almost the entire prefrontal lobe and even a larger area of ​​the brain, lacking selectivity and focus of stimulation.

[0038] The simulated current density distribution under the above three candidate electrode arrangement schemes was compared through three-dimensional brain simulation (e.g.) Figure 4 As shown), Scheme 1 achieves the best balance between targeting (effective stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex) and selectivity (minimizing the impact on other brain regions), and is therefore selected as the preferred electrode arrangement for implementing the method of the present invention.

[0039] The distribution of current density in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex was observed and compared with the distribution of current density in each region of the three-dimensional brain simulation model to ensure that the current density in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex is relatively large while the current density in other tissues is relatively small, so as to achieve the purpose of accurately stimulating the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and thus determine the target scheme.

[0040] After determining the electrode locations, the electrical stimulation waveform parameters are optimized. These parameters include at least one of pulse width, pulse frequency, pulse amplitude, and current intensity. The optimization of these waveform parameters is also performed through simulation, comparing the current density distribution in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex with that in surrounding tissues. The electrical stimulation parameters that provide the best stimulation effect in the simulation are used as reference parameters for the experiment.

[0041] After determining the electrode placement and electrical stimulation parameters, a human prefrontal cortex ventromedial brain region stimulation experiment was conducted based on the simulation results.

[0042] The specific experimental details and procedures for the human ventromedial prefrontal cortex experiment are as follows. All recordings were conducted in the afternoon (3:00 PM - 6:00 PM) to avoid the influence of circadian rhythms. Participants were instructed to avoid strenuous exercise, alcohol, caffeine, and any medications that might affect the nervous system, and to ensure they did not stay up late the previous night and maintained normal physiological activity levels for the past 24 hours. The experiment consisted of three parts: first, a 10-minute baseline recording of the participants' electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure was taken; then, pulsed stimulation was applied for 20 minutes, with real-time recording of ECG and blood pressure; finally, without pulsed stimulation, ECG and blood pressure were recorded for 10 minutes after the stimulation ended.

[0043] Pulses were connected to two patch electrodes via wires, and new patch electrodes were replaced after each subject received stimulation. The experiment was conducted in a soundproof room, with all subjects remaining seated throughout, feet flat on the ground, backs lightly leaning against the chair back, and instructed to minimize physical movement and mental activity. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and pulsed blood pressure (PBP) data were simultaneously recorded using an MP150 system at a sampling rate of 1000 Hz. ECG measurements were performed using lead II electrodes, one on the right wrist and the other on the left ankle, with a ground electrode on the right ankle. PBP was measured using a Finometer, with the blood pressure cuff wrapped around the middle finger. Blood pressure data from the Finometer was input into the MP150 system for synchronized physiological signal recording.

[0044] The autonomic nervous system was evaluated using an ECG-based method for calculating heart rate variability. An improved Pan-Tompkins algorithm was used for R-peak detection and RR interval determination. In the time domain, the root mean square (RMSSD) of continuous differences was used to quantify parasympathetic activity as a measure of short-term variability; RMSSD was used more frequently than the standard deviation of the NN interval (SDNN). Frequency domain parameters commonly used were LF (0.04–0.15 Hz) and HF (0.15–0.4 Hz) to measure sympathetic and parasympathetic activity.

[0045] Simulation results are as follows Figure 4 The diagram shows the current density distribution in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and gray matter. The area circled in red is the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Figure 4 The images show the current density distribution in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex region, perpendicular to the midline of the two cerebral hemispheres, parallel to the center of the two cerebral hemispheres and 5 mm from the midline, as well as the current density distribution in the gray matter. Figure 4 It can be observed that in a cross-section perpendicular to the midline, when the two electrodes are placed... Figure 3 (A) At position, the current density on the left side of the cross-section is significantly greater than that on the right side, and most of it is concentrated in the upper half. When the electrode is placed... Figure 3 (C) At position, the current density is highest in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, covering the entire section. When the electrodes are placed... Figure 3 (B) In position, the current density is lowest and most uniformly distributed in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, mainly concentrated near the midline. In a section parallel to the midline, when the two electrodes are placed... Figure 3 (A) In this position, the strongest current density is concentrated in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, while the current density in the surrounding areas is lower. When the electrodes are placed... Figure 3 (C) At position (C), the entire area is covered by a high-intensity current, indicating that the entire brain is in a high-current-density environment. When the electrodes are placed... Figure 3 (B) At position, the current can act on the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, but the coverage area is large, and the entire frontal lobe region is covered by a large current density. Moreover, the current density in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex is higher than that at electrode placement. Figure 3 (A) is weaker. The distribution of current density in the brain's gray matter reveals that when the electrode is placed... Figure 3 In position (C), the entire gray matter region is covered by a large current. Applying electrical stimulation would stimulate the entire functional area of ​​the brain; therefore, this electrode placement is unsuitable for stimulating the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. (Comparison) Figure 3 (A) and Figure 3 (B) The two electrode arrangements reveal, from the current distribution in the gray matter, that Figure 3 The electrode arrangement in (B) will concentrate the current mainly in the midline of the brain, while the ventromedial prefrontal cortex is located on both sides of the midline of the brain, therefore... Figure 3 The electrode arrangement in (B) makes it difficult to repeatedly stimulate the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, while Figure 3 The electrode arrangement in (A) can affect a wider area slightly farther from the midline. It can be observed that, according to... Figure 3 Electrode arrangement (C) stimulates the brain with a current density far greater than the other two methods. Similar to the above, according to... Figure 3 Stimulation was performed using electrode arrangement (A), with a current density slightly greater than [missing value]. Figure 3 (B), but Figure 4 The simulation results show that Figure 3 (A) The electrode arrangement can more effectively target the inner abdominal region.

[0046] Therefore, by comparing and analyzing the current density distribution at three angles—a section perpendicular to the midline of the brain, a section parallel to the midline of the brain, and a section of gray matter—it can be determined that placing the two patch electrodes above the left glabella, i.e., Figure 3 The electrode arrangement in (A) not only maximizes the stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex region, but also minimizes the impact on other regions.

[0047] Changes in cardiovascular parameters and heart rate variability parameters before, during, and after pulsed electrical stimulation are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 (A) is a graph showing the changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Figure 5 (B) shows the changes in the frequency domain indices HF and LF. Figure 5 (C) is a graph showing the changes in the time-domain index RMSSD. Figure 5 (D) Graph showing the changes in the time-domain index SDNN. From Figure 5 As shown in (A), the blood pressure of the experimental subjects was significantly lower during stimulation than before stimulation, and rebounded to some extent after stimulation, as shown in Table 1. This indicates that the stimulation can achieve precise regulation of blood pressure. In addition, the heart rate variability index also showed significant changes before and after pulsed electrical stimulation. Figure 5 (B) The frequency domain indices HF and LF also increased during pulsed electrical stimulation. LF is often used to evaluate the combined effects of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, while HF is often used to evaluate the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system. This indicates that both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are activated to some extent during pulsed electrical stimulation, but the LF / HF ratio decreases during stimulation, suggesting that the activation level of the parasympathetic nervous system is greater than that of the sympathetic nervous system during pulsed electrical stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. After the pulsed electrical stimulation ends, HF and LF continue to rise, and the LF / HF ratio begins to increase, indicating that the sympathetic nervous system is now dominant and blood pressure begins to recover. Figure 5 (C) and Figure 5In (D), the time-domain indices RMSSD and SDNN showed significant increases during pulsed electrical stimulation, and these increases were statistically significant compared to baseline. The increase in SDNN values ​​indicates enhanced autonomic nervous system regulation, while the increase in RMSSD values ​​indicates enhanced parasympathetic activity during stimulation. After the pulsed electrical stimulation ended, RMSSD began to decrease but did not return to baseline, while SDNN continued to increase, albeit by a smaller margin, indicating that the autonomic nervous system remained activated and parasympathetic activity began to recover. The specific values ​​of all cardiovascular parameters and heart rate variability parameters before, during, and after pulsed electrical stimulation are shown in Table 1 below.

[0048] Table 1. Cardiovascular and heart rate variability parameters

[0049] This demonstrates that stimulating the ventromedial prefrontal cortex with optimized transcranial electrical stimulation (TCS) targeting parameters can achieve the goal of blood pressure regulation.

[0050] In summary, through Figure 5 The results of the human prefrontal cortex ventromedial brain region stimulation experiment showed changes in blood pressure and heart rate variability parameters. It can be seen that the blood pressure of the experimental subjects decreased significantly during stimulation compared with before stimulation, and the blood pressure rebounded significantly after stimulation. The heart rate variability index indicates that the parasympathetic nervous system was activated and participated in blood pressure regulation.

[0051] Figure 1 This is the flowchart of the entire experiment. First, a 10-minute resting electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure were measured as control data for stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VPC). Then, the VPC was stimulated for 20 minutes, with ECG and blood pressure recorded in real time to observe changes in blood pressure. Finally, ECG and blood pressure were measured 10 minutes after stimulation. Note: Blood pressure changes during stimulation varied from person to person, but the decrease in blood pressure was mainly concentrated in the last 10 minutes of stimulation. Therefore, the data from the last 10 minutes were only compared with the data before and after stimulation.

[0052] Example 2 Based on the above method, the present invention also provides a transcranial electrical stimulation system for implementing the optimization method of the transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters. The system includes a modeling and simulation unit, a control unit, at least one stimulation electrode, and a signal acquisition unit.

[0053] The modeling and simulation unit is configured to execute the optimization method for the transcranial electrical stimulation (TCS) target parameters as described above. Specifically, it acquires medical images of the experimental subject's head, constructs a finite element simulation model of the head based on the images, defines the target stimulation brain region as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in the model, and optimizes the current density in this brain region through simulation calculations, ultimately outputting the optimized TCS parameters. The optimized parameters include electrode positions and / or electrical stimulation waveform parameters.

[0054] The control unit, which is communicatively connected to the modeling and simulation unit, is configured to receive the optimized transcranial electrical stimulation parameters from the modeling and simulation unit and generate corresponding transcranial electrical stimulation signals based on these parameters.

[0055] The at least one stimulation electrode is connected to the control unit and is used to apply electrical stimulation to the experimental subject according to the transcranial electrical stimulation signal generated by the control unit. Preferably, the stimulation electrode is a patch electrode, which has a configuration including a cylinder with a radius of 10 mm and a height of 2 mm. The electrode material includes AgCl, and the surface of the electrode in contact with the skin is provided with a conductive hydrogel layer. According to the simulation optimization results, the stimulation electrode is configured to be placed on the corresponding scalp position above the left eyebrow of the experimental subject.

[0056] The signal acquisition unit is communicatively connected to the control unit and is configured to acquire physiological signals from the experimental subjects. The signal acquisition unit includes at least: An electrocardiogram (ECG) signal acquisition module is equipped with surface electrodes for placement in a lead II configuration to acquire ECG signals; preferably, the surface electrodes include wrist or ankle electrodes. The blood pressure signal acquisition module is used to continuously acquire beat-by-beat blood pressure signals.

[0057] The signal acquisition unit transmits the acquired physiological signals to the control unit or an associated external analysis system to calculate heart rate, blood pressure, and heart rate variability indicators, thereby evaluating the stimulation effect.

[0058] Optionally, the control unit may also be configured to adaptively adjust the parameters of the output transcranial electrical stimulation signal based on the physiological signals fed back by the signal acquisition unit.

[0059] Example 3 In this embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program. The computer program is stored in the memory and can run on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters as described in Embodiment 1.

[0060] The computer device can specifically be a smartphone, tablet, or personal computer. Its processor provides computing and control capabilities to support the operation of the mobile terminal APP (host computer processing module). The memory stores the operating system and computer programs implementing the above methods. The device also includes a network interface (such as a Bluetooth module or Wi-Fi module) for communication with the lower-level hardware, an input device (touchscreen, keyboard) for receiving user-input time parameters, and a display screen for showing the operation interface and results.

[0061] Example 4 In this embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the method for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters as described in Embodiment 1. The storage medium can be any medium capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, external hard drive, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0062] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1 acquires medical images of the head and constructs a finite element simulation model of the head based on the medical images; In the head finite element simulation model, S2 defines the target stimulation brain region as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. S3 simulates transcranial electrical stimulation in the finite element simulation model and determines at least one transcranial electrical stimulation parameter by simulation calculation with the optimization goal of concentrating the current density in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex; wherein the transcranial electrical stimulation parameter includes electrode position and / or electrical stimulation waveform parameters.

2. The method for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the electrode position in step S3 includes: Compare the current density distribution in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex under different electrode arrangement schemes; The target scheme is selected as the electrode arrangement that maximizes the current density in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and / or minimizes the current density in the non-targeted brain regions.

3. The method for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that, The comparison of the current density distribution in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex under different electrode arrangement schemes includes: performing multi-angle slices of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and analyzing the current density distribution on each slice.

4. The method for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The identified target electrode locations include at least one electrode positioned in the area above the left brow.

5. The method for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 involves determining the electrical stimulation waveform parameters by optimizing the electrical stimulation waveform parameters with the goal of maximizing the current density in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. The electrical stimulation waveform parameters include at least one of pulse width, pulse frequency, pulse amplitude, and current intensity.

6. A transcranial electrical stimulation system for implementing the method for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: The modeling and simulation unit is configured to execute an optimization method for transcranial electrical stimulation (TCS) target parameters to output optimized TCS parameters. The control unit, which is communicatively connected to the modeling and simulation unit, is configured to receive the optimized transcranial electrical stimulation parameters and generate corresponding transcranial electrical stimulation signals.

7. The transcranial electrical stimulation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transcranial electrical stimulation system also includes: At least one stimulating electrode is connected to the control unit for applying electrical stimulation according to the transcranial electrical stimulation signal.

8. The transcranial electrical stimulation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The transcranial electrical stimulation system also includes: The signal acquisition unit is configured to acquire physiological signals, including at least one of electrocardiogram signals and blood pressure signals.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program, the computer program being stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the computer program to implement the method for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters as described in any one of claims 1-5.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for optimizing transcranial electrical stimulation targeting parameters as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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