Display panel and display device, projector

Abstract

The application provides a display panel, a display device and a projector. The display panel comprises a first substrate, a first refractive layer, a second refractive layer and a black matrix layer. The first refractive layer is provided with a plurality of recesses. The second refractive layer comprises a cover layer and a plurality of light extraction structures. The light extraction structures are arranged in the recesses. The cover layer covers the light extraction structures and the first refractive layer. The black matrix layer is located on the side of the cover layer away from the first refractive layer. The orthographic projection of the plurality of light extraction structures on the first substrate is located within the orthographic projection of the black matrix layer on the first substrate. The refractive index of the first refractive layer is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the second refractive layer. The light efficiency and the brightness of the display panel are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to a display panel, display device, and projector. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of display technology, users have increasingly higher performance requirements for display products. Generally speaking, for LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) technology display panels, the higher the resolution (PPI, Pixels Per Inch), the greater the loss of light transmittance. Therefore, it is difficult to simultaneously achieve high resolution and high light transmittance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application proposes a display panel, display device, and projector, aiming to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] The embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, this application provides a display panel, including: First substrate; A first refractive layer located on one side of the first substrate, wherein a plurality of recesses are provided on the first refractive layer; The second refractive layer is located on the side of the first refractive layer away from the first substrate, and includes a capping layer and a plurality of light extraction structures; the light extraction structures are disposed in the recess, and the capping layer covers the light extraction structures and the first refractive layer; A black matrix layer is located on the side of the cover layer away from the first refractive layer, and the orthogonal projection of the plurality of light extraction structures on the first substrate is located within the orthogonal projection of the black matrix layer on the first substrate; A color filter layer comprising multiple filter patterns, wherein the black matrix layer is located between any two adjacent filter patterns; Wherein, the refractive index of the first refractive layer is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the second refractive layer.

[0005] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, the bottom of the recess is disposed near the first substrate, and the opening of the recess is disposed near the black matrix layer; The area of ​​the bottom of the recess is smaller than the area of ​​the region enclosed by the opening of the recess.

[0006] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, the angle between at least one sidewall of the recess and the normal direction of the first substrate is an acute angle.

[0007] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, the black matrix layer includes a plurality of first black matrix patterns extending along a first direction and a plurality of second black matrix patterns extending along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect. The display panel further includes a second substrate and multiple gate lines and multiple data lines located on the second substrate. The gate lines and the data lines intersect and are insulated from each other. The first black matrix pattern and the gate lines extend in the same direction, and their orthogonal projections on the first substrate overlap. The extension direction of the light extraction structure, the extension direction of the first black matrix pattern, and the extension direction of the gate line are consistent.

[0008] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, the orthogonal projection of the light extraction structure onto the first black matrix pattern falls within the first black matrix pattern.

[0009] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, the edge of the orthographic projection of the light extraction structure onto the first black matrix pattern is flush with at least a portion of the edge of the first black matrix pattern.

[0010] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, the light extraction structure is an isosceles triangular prism, and the bottom of the isosceles triangular prism is in direct contact with the cover layer.

[0011] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, the light extraction structure is a right-angled triangular prism, which includes two right-angled faces, one of which is in contact with the cover layer, and the other of which is parallel to the normal of the first substrate. The first substrate includes a first region and a second region that are symmetrically arranged; the portion of the right-angled triangular prism located in the first region and the portion of the right-angled triangular prism located in the second region are symmetrically arranged.

[0012] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, the light extraction structure is a quadrangular prism, the cross section of the quadrangular prism along the direction perpendicular to the first substrate is trapezoidal, the lower base of the trapezoid is in contact with the cover layer, and the upper base of the trapezoid is disposed facing the first substrate.

[0013] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, the display panel further includes a color filter layer, the color filter layer includes a plurality of filter patterns, and the black matrix layer is located between any two adjacent filter patterns; The display panel further includes an array substrate and a liquid crystal layer. The array substrate is located on the side of the black matrix layer away from the first substrate, and the liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate and the array substrate. The side of the first substrate away from the first refractive layer is the light-injection surface of the display panel, and the side of the array substrate away from the liquid crystal layer is the light-out emission surface of the display panel.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a display device including a display panel as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0015] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a projector including a display panel as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0016] Beneficial effects: This application provides a display panel, display device, and projector. The display panel includes a first substrate, a first refractive layer, a second refractive layer, a black matrix layer, and a color filter layer. The first refractive layer has multiple recesses. The second refractive layer includes a cover layer and multiple light extraction structures. The light extraction structures are disposed within the recesses. The cover layer covers the light extraction structures and the first refractive layer. The black matrix layer is located on the side of the cover layer away from the first refractive layer. The orthographic projection of the multiple light extraction structures on the first substrate is within the orthographic projection of the black matrix layer on the first substrate. The black matrix layer is located between any two adjacent filter patterns. The refractive index of the first refractive layer is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the second refractive layer.

[0017] In the display panel provided by the embodiments of this application, a first refractive layer and a second refractive layer are disposed between a first substrate and a black matrix layer. The first refractive layer has a plurality of recesses, and the second refractive layer includes a cover layer and a plurality of light extraction structures. The light extraction structures are disposed within the recesses, and the cover layer covers the light extraction structures and the first refractive layer. The orthogonal projection of the light extraction structure on the first substrate is located within the orthogonal projection of the black matrix layer on the first substrate. The refractive index of the first refractive layer is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the second refractive layer. When light passes through the first substrate and enters the display panel, the light that was originally directly incident on the black matrix layer and absorbed by the black matrix layer changes direction under the reflection of the light extraction structure and is emitted from the display panel, which greatly improves the light utilization rate of the display panel and thus improves the brightness of the display panel.

[0018] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a display panel provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the light propagation path of a display panel in related technologies; Figure 3 This is a side-view simulation diagram of the light propagation path of a display panel in a related technology. Figure 4 This is a planar simulation diagram of the light propagation path of a display panel in related technologies; Figure 5A for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of the display panel structure shown; Figure 5B for Figure 5A A schematic diagram of the angle analysis in the middle; Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the light propagation path of the display panel. Figure 7 for Figure 1 A side-view simulation diagram of the light propagation path of the display panel shown; Figure 8 Figure 1 A planar simulation diagram of the light propagation path of the display panel shown; Figure 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 10 for Figure 9 The diagram shows the light propagation path of the display panel. Figure 11 for Figure 9 A side-view simulation diagram of the light propagation path of the display panel shown; Figure 12 A schematic cross-sectional view of another display panel provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 13 for Figure 12 The diagram shows the light propagation path of the display panel. Figure 14A top view of the black matrix layer in a display panel provided for an embodiment of this application; Figures 15-17 A schematic diagram of the optical path analysis of three projectors provided for embodiments of this application. Specific Implementation The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] In current projection display applications, users are placing increasingly higher demands on both brightness and resolution (PPI) of devices. For projection products that use transmissive LCDs as light valves, increased resolution means smaller pixel size and higher pixel density (PPI). However, non-transparent structures in the LCD panel, such as TFT circuits, black matrices, and signal lines, cannot be scaled down proportionally with the pixels, leading to a decrease in aperture ratio, reduced effective transmittance, and significant light flux loss. Therefore, traditional transmissive LCDs struggle to simultaneously increase PPI and achieve high resolution while maintaining sufficiently high light utilization and output brightness; the two cannot be achieved simultaneously.

[0022] In related technologies, to improve the light efficiency of high-resolution display products, a conventional approach is to incorporate a two-dimensional spherical lens into the display product. The refraction of the two-dimensional spherical lens enhances light utilization. However, the imaging mechanism of a two-dimensional spherical lens relies on light refraction; and the refractive index of the material in a refractive optical element varies with the wavelength of the incident light. Different colors (wavelengths) of light are deflected at different angles and cannot converge to the same point, thus causing chromatic aberration.

[0023] Based on this, this application provides a display panel, such as Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 12 As shown, the display panel includes: First substrate 1; A first refractive layer 2 is located on one side of the first substrate 1, and a plurality of recesses are provided on the first refractive layer 2; The second refractive layer 3 is located on the side of the first refractive layer 2 away from the first substrate 1, and includes a cover layer 32 and a plurality of light extraction structures 31; the light extraction structures 31 are disposed in the recess, and the cover layer 32 covers the light extraction structures 31 and the first refractive layer 2. The black matrix layer BM is located on the side of the capping layer 32 away from the first refractive layer 2, and the orthogonal projection of the multiple light extraction structures 31 on the first substrate 1 is located within the orthogonal projection of the black matrix layer BM on the first substrate 1. The color filter layer CF includes multiple filter patterns (e.g., R, G, B), and the black matrix layer BM is located between any two adjacent filter patterns; The refractive index of the first refractive layer 2 is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the second refractive layer 3.

[0024] For example, the display panel includes a color filter substrate, wherein the first substrate 1, the first refractive layer 2, the second refractive layer 3 and the black matrix layer BM are all disposed on the color filter substrate.

[0025] For example, the first substrate 1 provides basic support for the display panel. Its material can be glass, flexible substrate or other commonly used display panel substrate materials in the field. The specific material can be flexibly selected according to the actual application scenario. No specific limitation is made here.

[0026] For example, the first refractive layer 2 is located on one side of the first substrate 1. In practical applications, the first refractive layer 2 can be formed on the first substrate 1 by processes such as coating, curing, and etching.

[0027] The first refractive layer 2 has multiple recesses arranged at uniform intervals. The shape and size of the recesses are adapted to the size of the light extraction structure 31, ensuring that the light extraction structure 31 can be stably housed in the recesses and closely fit the inner wall of the recesses, reducing light leakage at the gaps.

[0028] It is understood that the shape of the recess in the first refractive layer 2 is set according to the shape and size requirements of the light extraction structure 31, so as to ensure that the light extraction structure 31 can be set in the recess.

[0029] At least a portion of the sidewall of the recess (i.e., at least a portion of the contact surface between the first refractive layer 2 and the light extraction structure 31) is used to reflect light incident from the side of the first substrate 1. This causes the light that was originally incident in the forward direction to change direction under the reflection of at least a portion of the contact surface between the first refractive layer 2 and the light extraction structure 31, and to exit from the color filter layer CF. This avoids the light being absorbed by the black matrix layer BM, reduces light loss, improves light utilization, increases brightness, and also avoids the color difference problem caused by using refraction to improve light efficiency in related technologies.

[0030] The light extraction structure 31 corresponds one-to-one with the recessed portion, and each light extraction structure 31 is embedded in the corresponding recessed portion. The material of the light extraction structure 31 can be a high-transmittance optical material to improve the light extraction efficiency. The cover layer 32 is made of transparent optical material and completely covers the surface of the light extraction structure 31 away from the first refractive layer 2 and the surface of the first refractive layer 2. The cover layer 32 is tightly attached to the light extraction structure 31 and the first refractive layer 2. On the one hand, it realizes the encapsulation and protection of the light extraction structure 31 to prevent external impurities from entering and affecting the light extraction effect. On the other hand, it realizes the smooth transmission of light between the first refractive layer 2 and the second refractive layer 3 and reduces light scattering.

[0031] The black matrix layer BM is used to block the non-display areas of the display panel, preventing light leakage from these areas, preventing cross-lighting between adjacent pixels, and improving the display clarity of the display panel. The orthographic projections of multiple light extraction structures 31 onto the first substrate 1 are all located within the orthographic projection of the black matrix layer BM onto the first substrate 1. That is, the projection range of the light extraction structure 31 does not exceed the projection range of the black matrix layer BM, ensuring that all light emitted from the light extraction structure 31 can pass through the opening area, avoiding light loss caused by the black matrix layer BM blocking the light, and improving light utilization.

[0032] The “opening area” mentioned above refers to the area where light can actually be emitted, that is, the area where the color filter layer CF of this application is located.

[0033] For example, the refractive index of the first refractive layer 2 is 1.6-1.9, and the refractive index of the second refractive layer 3 is 1.5-1.6. By matching the refractive indices, the reflection loss of light at the interface between the first refractive layer 2 and the second refractive layer 3 can be reduced, allowing more light to pass through the two refractive layers smoothly, thereby improving the light transmittance and brightness of the display panel and effectively alleviating the problem of difficulty in achieving both high resolution and high brightness in existing display panels.

[0034] In the display panel provided by the embodiments of this application, a first refractive layer 2 and a second refractive layer 3 are disposed between a first substrate 1 and a black matrix layer BM. The first refractive layer 2 has a plurality of recesses, and the second refractive layer 3 includes a cover layer 32 and a plurality of light extraction structures 31. The light extraction structures 31 are disposed in the recesses, and the cover layer 32 covers the light extraction structures 31 and the first refractive layer 2. The orthographic projection of the light extraction structure 31 on the first substrate 1 is located within the orthographic projection of the black matrix layer BM on the first substrate 1. The refractive index of the first refractive layer 2 is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the second refractive layer 3. When light passes through the first substrate 1 and enters the display panel, the light that was originally directly incident on the black matrix layer BM and absorbed by the black matrix layer changes direction under the reflection of the light extraction structure 31 and is emitted from the color filter layer CF, which greatly improves the light utilization rate of the display panel and thus improves the brightness of the display panel.

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram is provided showing light rays directly incident on a black matrix layer BM and absorbed by the black matrix layer. It can be seen that the incident light rays are absorbed at the location where the black matrix layer BM is set, resulting in a reduction in the amount of outgoing light rays. Compared to... Figure 2 The display panel provided in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 6 , Figure 10 and Figure 13 As shown, the light that was originally directly incident on the black matrix layer BM and absorbed by the black matrix layer changes direction under the reflection of the light extraction structure 31 and is emitted from the color filter layer CF, which greatly improves the light utilization rate of the display panel and thus improves the brightness of the display panel.

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of light distribution of a display panel in a related technology under software simulation is provided. It can be seen that the light emitted by the display panel in the related technology is relatively concentrated, and less light is emitted at a wide viewing angle. Figure 4 This is a simulated brightness diagram of a display panel in related technologies, combined with... Figure 4 As shown, the light intensity is highest in the central red area, and gradually decreases from the center outwards. Figure 7 The embodiments provided in this application are as follows Figure 1 The diagram shown illustrates the light distribution of a display panel under software simulation. It can be seen that the emitted light increases significantly over wide viewing angles. Figure 8 for Figure 1The diagram shows a simulation of the light output brightness of a display panel. It can be seen that the wide viewing angle light intensity of the display panel increases along the vertical direction (i.e., the light extraction structure 31 is set along the direction of the extension of the grating line GL). Referring to the detailed structural description below, when the light extraction structure 31 is set along the direction of the extension of the grating line GL (H direction), the reflected light is dispersed to the vertical direction, which increases the wide viewing angle brightness in the vertical direction (V direction).

[0037] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 12 As shown, the bottom of the recess is located close to the first substrate 1, and the opening of the recess is located close to the black matrix layer BM; the area of ​​the bottom of the recess is smaller than the area of ​​the region enclosed by the opening of the recess.

[0038] It should be noted that, in Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 12 In the recessed part, a light extraction structure 31 is provided. Therefore, the outer contour and size of the recessed part can be referenced to the outer contour and size of the light extraction structure 31. The two have the same shape and are compatible in size.

[0039] Among them, such as Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown, the bottom of the recess is a point, and the area enclosed by the opening of the recess is a rectangular plane.

[0040] For example, such as Figure 12 As shown, the bottom of the recess is a rectangular plane, and the area enclosed by the opening of the recess is also a rectangular plane.

[0041] In the embodiments of this application, the opening of the recess is positioned close to the black matrix layer BM; and the area of ​​the bottom of the recess is smaller than the area of ​​the region enclosed by the opening of the recess. Thus, since the shape of the light extraction structure is determined according to the recess, the area of ​​the bottom of the light extraction structure is smaller than the area of ​​the surface of the light extraction structure on the side close to the black matrix layer BM. When light passes through the first substrate 1 and enters the display panel, the light that was originally incident in the direction and absorbed by the black matrix layer BM can change direction under the reflection of more areas in the contact surface between the first refractive layer 2 and the light extraction structure 31, and exit from the color filter layer CF. This avoids the light being absorbed by the black matrix layer BM, reduces light loss, improves light utilization, increases brightness, and also avoids the color difference problem caused by using refraction to improve light efficiency in related technologies.

[0042] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 12As shown, the angle α between at least one sidewall of the recess and the normal direction of the first substrate 1 is an acute angle.

[0043] The angle α between at least one sidewall of the recess and the normal direction of the first substrate 1 is also the angle α between at least one sidewall of the light extraction structure 31 and the normal direction of the first substrate 1.

[0044] Typically, light enters the display panel along the normal direction of the first substrate 1.

[0045] In the embodiments of this application, by setting the angle α between at least one sidewall of the recess and the normal direction of the first substrate 1 to be an acute angle, the angle α between at least one sidewall of the light extraction structure 31 and the normal direction of the first substrate 1 is also an acute angle. When light passes through the first substrate 1 and enters the display panel, more light can be reflected at at least one sidewall of the light extraction structure 31, changing the direction of light propagation and causing the light to exit from the color filter layer CF. This avoids the light being absorbed by the black matrix layer BM, reduces light loss, improves light utilization, increases brightness, and also avoids the color difference problem caused by using refraction to improve light efficiency in related technologies.

[0046] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, such as Figure 14 As shown, the black matrix layer BM includes a plurality of first black matrix patterns BM1 extending along a first direction and a plurality of second black matrix patterns BM2 extending along a second direction, the first direction (e.g., horizontal direction) and the second direction (e.g., vertical direction) intersect; the display panel also includes a second substrate and a plurality of gate lines GL and a plurality of data lines DL located on the second substrate, the gate lines GL and the data lines DL intersect and are insulated; the extension directions of the first black matrix patterns BM1 and the gate lines GL are consistent, and their orthogonal projections on the first substrate 1 overlap; the extension direction of the light extraction structure 31, the extension direction of the first black matrix patterns BM1 and the extension direction of the gate lines GL are consistent.

[0047] It should be noted that, in Figure 14 In the process, multiple first black matrix patterns BM1 correspond one-to-one with the light extraction structure 31, and the first black matrix pattern BM1 covers the light extraction structure 31. Figure 14 This is a top view of the structure from the direction of the liquid crystal layer 4 toward the first black matrix pattern BM1. Therefore, the light extraction structure 31 is blocked by the first black matrix pattern BM1 and cannot be seen.

[0048] In the embodiments of this application, since the first black matrix pattern BM1 and the gate line GL extend in the same direction and their orthogonal projections on the first substrate 1 overlap, it can be understood that the first black matrix pattern BM1 can be used to block the gate line GL, while the second black matrix pattern BM2 can be used to block the data line DL. In order to block the corresponding data line DL or gate line GL, the linewidth of the first black matrix pattern BM1 is greater than the linewidth of the second black matrix pattern BM2. In practical applications, in order to reduce the fabrication difficulty of the light extraction structure 31, the light extraction structure 31 is set along the extension direction of the first black matrix pattern BM1 in the region where it overlaps with the first black matrix pattern BM1.

[0049] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, the orthographic projection of the light extraction structure 31 onto the first black matrix pattern BM1 falls within the first black matrix pattern BM1.

[0050] For example, if the area of ​​the orthogonal projection of the light extraction structure 31 onto the first black matrix pattern BM1 is smaller than the area where the first black matrix pattern BM1 is located, then some light may still enter the first black matrix pattern BM1 and be absorbed.

[0051] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 12 As shown, the edge of the orthographic projection of the light extraction structure 31 onto the first black matrix pattern BM1 is flush with at least a portion of the edge of the first black matrix pattern BM1.

[0052] For example, the edge of the light extraction structure 31 projected onto the first black matrix pattern BM1 is flush with the edge of the first black matrix pattern BM1.

[0053] When the edge of the orthographic projection of the light extraction structure 31 onto the first black matrix pattern BM1 is flush with the edge of the first black matrix pattern BM1, the light originally absorbed by the black matrix layer BM can be reflected to the maximum extent and this light can be emitted along the direction intersecting the light extraction structure 31.

[0054] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, the light extraction structure 31 is an isosceles triangular prism, and the bottom of the isosceles triangular prism is in direct contact with the cover layer 32.

[0055] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the cross-section of the light extraction structure 31 along the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 1 is an isosceles triangle.

[0056] like Figure 5A As shown, the base of the isosceles triangle is approximately equal to the width b of the first black matrix pattern BM1, the height h of the isosceles triangle is less than the thickness d of the first refractive layer, and the base angle of the isosceles triangle is θ.

[0057] For example, the width b of the first black matrix pattern BM1 ranges from 3μm to 10μm, for example, 7μm.

[0058] In the case of total internal reflection, the angle of incidence α2 and the angle of reflection are equal and both equal to the critical angle. According to the formula for the critical angle of total internal reflection, Sinα2 = n2 / n1, combined with... Figure 5B As shown, θ = 90° - φ, β = 90° - φ, and the vertical angle α2 = β, therefore α2 = θ; Then we can get: ; For example, the base angle θ of an isosceles triangle ranges from 62° to 80°, such as 70°.

[0059] like Figure 5A As shown, the height of the isosceles triangle is h = tanθ * b / 2. Where d ≥ h.

[0060] For example, the height h of an isosceles triangle ranges from 2 μm to 30 μm, such as 20 μm.

[0061] For example, such as Figure 5A As shown, the thickness d of the first refractive layer ranges from 2 μm to 30 μm, for example, 25 μm.

[0062] For example, the spacing P between two light extraction structures 31 (which refers to the sum of the minimum spacing between the two light extraction structures 31 and the size b of the light extraction structure 31 itself) can be determined based on the size of the pixel unit and the sub-pixel.

[0063] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram illustrates how the reflection effect of the light extraction structure alters the light propagation path. It shows that numerous light rays are reflected on the two sides (legs) of the isosceles triangle, directing them outwards at a wide angle. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the display panel emits more light at large angles, resulting in increased overall brightness.

[0064] It should be emphasized that, because the isosceles triangular light extraction structure 31 (isosceles prism) is positioned along the direction of the grating line (i.e., along the H direction), the two sides of the isosceles triangle reflect the light into the vertical direction (i.e., the V direction). Therefore, in Figure 8In the middle, the brightness of the light emitted at large angles in the vertical direction (i.e., the V direction) increases.

[0065] In the embodiments of this application, by setting the light extraction structure 31 as an isosceles prism, the surfaces corresponding to the two sides of the isosceles prism can reflect the incident light. Under total internal reflection, more light can be reflected, thereby greatly increasing the amount of light emitted from the display panel. When the display panel is used in a projector product, it can improve the final image brightness of the projector and improve the display effect. On the other hand, by setting the light extraction structure 31 as an isosceles prism, after the critical angle of total internal reflection is determined, the height of the isosceles prism is small. This allows for a wider range of selectable thicknesses d for the first refractive layer 2, which is beneficial for manufacturing display panels with thinner thicknesses.

[0066] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, such as Figure 9 As shown, the light extraction structure 31 is a right-angled triangular prism, which includes two right-angled faces. One right-angled face is in contact with the capping layer 32, and the other right-angled face is parallel to the normal of the first substrate 1. Figure 14 As shown, the first substrate 1 includes a symmetrically arranged first region A1 and a second region A2; further combined with Figure 10 As shown, the right-angled triangular prism is symmetrically arranged in the first region A1 and the right-angled triangular prism is symmetrically arranged in the second region A2.

[0067] The cross section of the right-angled triangular prism along the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 1 is a right-angled triangle.

[0068] like Figure 9 As shown, the base of the right triangle is approximately equal to the width b of the first black matrix pattern BM1, the height h of the right triangle is less than the thickness d of the first refractive layer, and the base angle of the right triangle is θ.

[0069] For example, the width b of the first black matrix pattern BM1 ranges from 3μm to 10μm, for example, 7μm.

[0070] For example, the base angle θ of a right triangle ranges from 62° to 80°, such as 70°.

[0071] like Figure 9 As shown, the height of the right triangle is h = tanθ * b. Where d ≥ h.

[0072] For example, the height h of the right triangle ranges from 5 μm to 60 μm, for example, 40 μm.

[0073] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the thickness d of the first refractive layer ranges from 5 μm to 60 μm, for example, 45 μm.

[0074] In the embodiments of this application, the light extraction structure 31 is configured as a right-angled triangular prism, which includes two right-angled faces and one inclined plane, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the inclined surface of the right-angled triangular prism can reflect incident light. Under total internal reflection, more light can be reflected, thus significantly increasing the amount of light emitted from the display panel. When applied to projector products, this improves the final image brightness and enhances the display effect. Furthermore, it should be noted that by symmetrically arranging the right-angled triangular prism in the first region A1 and the second region A2, both regions reflect light to the boundary between regions A1 and A2. Figure 11 As shown, compared to the reflection effect of an isosceles triangular prism, the reflected light from a right-angled triangular prism is more concentrated at the frontal angle, which can greatly improve the brightness at the frontal angle and make the light brightness more concentrated.

[0075] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, such as Figure 12 As shown, the light extraction structure 31 is a quadrangular prism, and the cross section of the quadrangular prism along the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 1 is trapezoidal. The lower base of the trapezoid is in contact with the capping layer 32, and the upper base of the trapezoid is set towards the first substrate 1.

[0076] For example, the trapezoid described above can be a right trapezoid or an isosceles trapezoid.

[0077] The structure of the right trapezoid is equivalent to the one described above. Figure 4 Based on the display panel shown, the right triangles are transformed into right trapezoids, and the arrangement of the right trapezoids is similar to... Figure 4 The same principle applies here. This significantly reduces the thickness of the first refractive layer 2 and the second refractive layer 3, thereby reducing the difficulty of the manufacturing process and the thickness of the display panel.

[0078] Furthermore, the structure of an isosceles trapezoid is equivalent to the one described above. Figure 1 Based on the display panel shown, the isosceles triangles are transformed into isosceles trapezoids, and the arrangement of the isosceles trapezoids is the same as... Figure 1 The same principle applies here. This significantly reduces the thickness of the first refractive layer 2 and the second refractive layer 3, thereby reducing the difficulty of the manufacturing process and the thickness of the display panel.

[0079] In an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 12 The height h of the light extraction structure 31 shown ranges from 2 to 15 μm, for example, 10 μm.

[0080] For example, such as Figure 12 As shown, the thickness d of the first refractive layer ranges from 2 μm to 15 μm, for example, 13 μm.

[0081] Combination Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, the light extraction structure 31 of the quadrangular prism provided in the embodiment of this application can reflect light incident on the black matrix layer to a large extent by the side of the quadrangular prism, thereby increasing the amount of light emitted and thus improving the light output brightness of the display panel. In addition, while improving the light efficiency, the light extraction structure 31 of the quadrangular prism structure can significantly reduce its own height h and reduce the thickness of the first refractive layer 2, thereby reducing the difficulty of the manufacturing process and reducing the thickness of the display panel.

[0082] In a display panel provided in an embodiment of this application, such as Figure 1 , Figure 9 and Figure 12 As shown, the display panel also includes an array substrate 5 and a liquid crystal layer 4. The array substrate 4 is located on the side of the black matrix layer BM away from the first substrate 1, and the liquid crystal layer 4 is located between the first substrate 1 and the array substrate 5. The side of the first substrate 1 away from the first refractive layer 2 is the light-injection surface of the display panel, and the side of the array substrate 5 away from the liquid crystal layer 4 is the light-out emission surface of the display panel.

[0083] For example, the first substrate 1, the first refractive layer 2, the second refractive layer 3, the black matrix layer BM and the color filter layer CF are all disposed on the color filter substrate, the color filter substrate and the array substrate are arranged in a cell, and the liquid crystal layer 4 is disposed between the color filter substrate and the array substrate.

[0084] This application provides a display device, including a display panel as described in any of the preceding descriptions.

[0085] Those skilled in the art will understand that the display device provided in this application has the advantages of the display panel of any of the above embodiments.

[0086] The display device provided in this application can be any product or component with display function, such as a display module, mobile phone, tablet computer, television, monitor, laptop computer, digital photo frame, in-vehicle display device, smartwatch, fitness wristband, personal digital assistant, etc.

[0087] Embodiments of this application provide a projector including the display device as described above.

[0088] For example, such as Figures 15-17 As shown, this application provides three schematic diagrams of the optical path of a projector with a single LCD display panel.

[0089] For example, such as Figure 15The diagram illustrates the optical path of a projector for direct projection imaging. As shown, the light source (e.g., an LED light source) passes through a collimator, then enters a front Fresnel lens to converge into uniform, strong light. This light then sequentially passes through heat-insulating glass, an LCD display panel, another heat-insulating glass, and a rear Fresnel lens before being projected onto a screen via a projection lens. The collimator enhances the accuracy of the light beam. The heat-insulating glass on both sides of the LCD display panel prevents excessive heat transfer from the LCD panel during operation to the Fresnel lenses, thus extending their lifespan. The LCD display panel enables color display. Furthermore, the inclusion of a first and second refractive index layer in the LCD display panel significantly improves the projector's brightness, achieving a balance between high resolution and high brightness.

[0090] For example, such as Figure 16 As shown, a schematic diagram of the optical path of a projector is provided, which projects an image after one reflection of light. Figure 15 The difference is that, in Figure 16 The projector shown has an added reflector, which allows for flexible adjustment of the position of the light source and projection lens, thereby enabling flexible changes to the screen's angle relative to the projector and making it applicable to different usage scenarios.

[0091] For example, such as Figure 17 As shown, with Figure 16 The difference is that after the light source exits the collimator, it first passes through a series of reflecting mirrors before entering the front Fresnel lens; the subsequent propagation path of the light is different. Figure 16 Same as above.

[0092] In other embodiments, the projector may also include two or more display panels (or display devices) as described above.

[0093] The projector provided in the embodiments of this application, by setting a first refractive layer 2 and a second refractive layer 3 between a first substrate 1 and a black matrix layer BM, wherein the first refractive layer 2 has a plurality of recesses, and the second refractive layer 3 includes a cover layer 32 and a plurality of light extraction structures 31, wherein the light extraction structures 31 are disposed in the recesses, and the cover layer 32 covers the light extraction structures 31 and the first refractive layer 2; and the orthogonal projection of the light extraction structures 31 on the first substrate 1 is located within the orthogonal projection of the black matrix layer BM on the first substrate 1, and the refractive index of the first refractive layer 2 is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the second refractive layer 3; when light passes through the first substrate 1 and enters the display panel, the light that was originally directly incident on the black matrix layer BM and absorbed by the black matrix layer changes direction under the reflection of the light extraction structures 31 and exits from the color filter layer CF, which greatly improves the light utilization rate of the display panel, thereby improving the brightness of the display panel; when at least one display panel is used in the projector, the projection brightness of the projector can be significantly improved, thereby achieving both high resolution and high brightness display effects.

[0094] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth" are used to distinguish the same or similar items with essentially the same function and effect, only for the purpose of clearly describing the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.

[0095] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "upper" and "lower" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0096] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic associated with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. The illustrative representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics mentioned may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0097] In the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, and "at least one" means one or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0098] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is interpreted as open and encompassing, that is, "including, but not limited to".

[0099] In this specification, "electrical connection" and "coupling" include situations where components are connected together by elements that have some electrical function. There are no particular limitations on what constitutes an "electrical function," as long as it allows for the transmission and reception of electrical signals between the connected components. Examples of "electrical functions" include not only electrodes and wiring, but also switching elements such as transistors, resistors, inductors, capacitors, and other components with various functions.

[0100] In this specification, the term "same-layer arrangement" refers to a structure formed by patterning two (or more) structures through the same patterning process, and their materials may be the same or different. For example, the precursors forming multiple structures in a same-layer arrangement may be made of the same material, while the final materials may be the same or different.

[0101] It should be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it can mean that the layer or element is directly on the other layer or substrate, or that there is an intermediate layer between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate.

[0102] "At least one of A, B and C" has the same meaning as "at least one of A, B or C", both including the following combinations of A, B and C: only A, only B, only C, combinations of A and B, combinations of A and C, combinations of B and C, and combinations of A, B and C.

[0103] "A and / or B" includes the following three combinations: A only, B only, and a combination of A and B.

[0104] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A display panel, characterized in that, include: First substrate; A first refractive layer located on one side of the first substrate, wherein a plurality of recesses are provided on the first refractive layer; The second refractive layer is located on the side of the first refractive layer away from the first substrate, and includes a capping layer and a plurality of light extraction structures; the light extraction structures are disposed in the recess, and the capping layer covers the light extraction structures and the first refractive layer; A black matrix layer is located on the side of the cover layer away from the first refractive layer, and the orthogonal projection of the plurality of light extraction structures on the first substrate is located within the orthogonal projection of the black matrix layer on the first substrate; A color filter layer comprising multiple filter patterns, wherein the black matrix layer is located between any two adjacent filter patterns; Wherein, the refractive index of the first refractive layer is greater than or equal to the refractive index of the second refractive layer.

2. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the recess is located near the first substrate, and the opening of the recess is located near the black matrix layer; The area of ​​the bottom of the recess is smaller than the area of ​​the region enclosed by the opening of the recess.

3. The display panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle between at least one sidewall of the recess and the normal direction of the first substrate is an acute angle.

4. The display panel according to claim 3, characterized in that, The black matrix layer includes a plurality of first black matrix patterns extending along a first direction and a plurality of second black matrix patterns extending along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect. The display panel further includes a second substrate and multiple gate lines and multiple data lines located on the second substrate. The gate lines and the data lines intersect and are insulated from each other. The first black matrix pattern and the gate lines extend in the same direction, and their orthogonal projections on the first substrate overlap. The extension direction of the light extraction structure, the extension direction of the first black matrix pattern, and the extension direction of the gate line are consistent.

5. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The orthogonal projection of the light extraction structure onto the first black matrix pattern falls within the first black matrix pattern.

6. The display panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The edge of the orthogonal projection of the light extraction structure onto the first black matrix pattern is flush with at least a portion of the edge of the first black matrix pattern.

7. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The light extraction structure is an isosceles triangular prism, and the bottom of the isosceles triangular prism is in direct contact with the cover layer.

8. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The light extraction structure is a right-angled triangular prism, which includes two right-angled faces. One of the right-angled faces is in contact with the capping layer, and the other right-angled face is parallel to the normal of the first substrate. The first substrate includes a first region and a second region that are symmetrically arranged; the portion of the right-angled triangular prism located in the first region and the portion of the right-angled triangular prism located in the second region are symmetrically arranged.

9. The display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The light extraction structure is a quadrangular prism, and the cross-section of the quadrangular prism along the direction perpendicular to the first substrate is trapezoidal. The lower base of the trapezoid is in contact with the cover layer, and the upper base of the trapezoid is facing the first substrate.

10. The display panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display panel further includes a color filter layer, which includes multiple filter patterns, and the black matrix layer is located between any two adjacent filter patterns; The display panel further includes an array substrate and a liquid crystal layer. The array substrate is located on the side of the black matrix layer away from the first substrate, and the liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate and the array substrate. The side of the first substrate away from the first refractive layer is the light-injection surface of the display panel, and the side of the array substrate away from the liquid crystal layer is the light-out emission surface of the display panel.

11. A display device, characterized in that, Includes the display panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A projector, characterized in that, Includes the display panel as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

Images